Universidad de Guayaquil

Facultad de Ciencias Médicas

Hipertensión
Arterial
Integrantes:
• Gabriela Ordoñez Blacio
• Carlos Escobar Pinos
• Benjamin Albuja Ruiz
CONTENIDO
 Definición de presión arterial
 Definición de hipertensión arterial
 Factores que intervienen en la presión arterial
• Gasto cardiaco
• Resistencia periférica
 Factores que regulan la presión arterial
• Volumen intravascular
• Sistema nervioso autónomo
• Sistema Renina-Angiotensina-Aldosterona
• Mecanismos Vasculares
 Patogenia de la hipertensión arterial
 Consecuencias de la hipertensión arterial
 Manifestaciones clínicas de la hipertensión arterial
 PRESIÓN ARTERIAL

ES LA FUERZA QUE
EJERCE LA SANGRE
SOBRE LAS PAREDES
ARTERIALES AL
CIRCULAR POR EL
ORGANISMO
 HIPERTENSIÓN ARTERIAL

ES UN TRASTORNO EN EL
QUE LOS VASOS
SANGUINEOS TIENEN UNA
TENSIÓN
PERSISTENTEMENTE ALTA
LO QUE PUEDE DAÑARLOS
 FACTORES QUE INTERVIENEN EN LA
PRESIÓN ARTERIAL
1
Volumen VOLUMEN
Sistólico INTRAVASCULAR
(SODIO)
1) GASTO
CARDIACO Frecuencia 2
Cardiaca SISTEMA
NERVIOSO
AUTÓNOMO

RESISTENCIA
2) PERIFÉRICA 3
SISTEMA RENINA-
ANGIOTENSINA-ALDOSTERONA

4 MECANISMOS VASCULARES
FACTORES QUE REGULAN LA PRESION
ARTERIAL
Sodio LEC L.I.V

• El sodio regula el volume sistolico

• Si hay un exceso de sodio, se guarda en el LIC

SISTEMA NERVIOSO AUTONOMO, PARA LA REGULACION DE LA PRESION ARTERIAL

SIMPATICO
SISTEMA NERVIOSO AUTONOMO
PARASIMPATICO
Tiene

Dilatacion muscular

Contraccion del musculo liso

Importancia de los receptores
ESTRÉS
PRESION ARTERIAL BAJA
Vaso constriccion
Noradrenalina aumentada,
provoca aumento de la presion
arterial.
 SISTEMA RENINA ANGIOTENSINA
ALDOSTERONA
El SRAA cubre necesidades homeostáticas vitales del
organismo, lo protege de la pérdida excesiva de sodio y
contribuye a mantener el volumen extracelular en situaciones
de hiponatremia.
 MECANISMOS VASCULARES

Cambios que sufren las arterias

En la Hipertension arterial:

• Vasoconstriccion:
• Provoca una disminucion del diámetro
• Aumento de la Resistencia

Como resultado engrosamiento o aumentos de las paredes arteriales

Patogenia
Causas de la hipertensión arterial

Hipertensión escencial Hipertensión

(90-95%) Secundaria (5-10%)
 Factores genéticos  Hipertensión renovascular
 Excresión renal (estenosis)
 Influencias  Transtornos monogénicos
vasoconstrictoras --- (hiperaldoteronismo)
 Factores ambientales  Mutaciones – Síndrome
Liddle
Consencuancias (morfología) de la hipertensión arterial

Arterioesclerosis hialina
Arterioesclerosis Hiperplásica
—Manifestaciones clíncias de la Hipertensión arterial

 Cefalea
 Tinitus
 Escotomas
 Precordalgia
 Palpitaciones
 Parestecias
 Nicturia
About the disease

Mercury Venus
Mercury is the closest planet Venus is the second planet
to the Sun and the smallest from the Sun. It’s terribly hot
one there
Introduction

Mercury
You can give here a brief description
of the topic you want to talk about.
For example, if you want to talk
about Mercury, you can say that it’s
the smallest planet in the entire Solar
System
“This is a quote, words full of wisdom
that someone important said and can
make the reader get inspired.”

—Someone Famous
 01

About the disease

You can enter a subtitle here if you

need it
Whoa!
This can be the part of the presentation where
you introduce yourself, write your email…
Symptoms of the Disease

Mars Saturn
It’s a cold place. The planet is full Saturn is composed mostly of
of iron oxide dust hydrogen and helium

Mercury Venus
Mercury is the smallest one in the Venus is the second planet from the
Solar System Sun. It’s terribly hot
Concepts and Typology

Type A Type B Type C

Mercury is the closest planet Venus is the second planet Saturn is a gas giant and has
to the Sun from the Sun several rings
Key numbers
6,371 km

9h 55m 23s Is Earth’s radius

is Jupiter’s rotation period

333,000.000
earths is the Sun’s mass
Pathology
Saturn
Saturn is a gas giant and
has several rings

Venus
Venus is the second
planet from the Sun

Mercury
Mercury is a really small
planet
About the Disease
Mars Saturn
It’s a cold place. The planet Saturn is composed mostly
is full of iron oxide dust of hydrogen and helium

Mercury Venus
Mercury is the smallest Venus is the second planet
planet in the Solar System from the Sun. It’s terribly
hot
A Picture Is Worth a
Thousand Words
Risk Factors
Prevalence Evolution

70% Female
Saturn is a gas giant

Male
30% Saturn has rings

Follow the link in the graph to modify its data and then paste the new
one here. For more info, click here
Mars Earth
Epidemiology
Despite being red, Mars is actually a
cold place. It's full of iron oxide dust,
which gives the planet its reddish cast
 02

Diagnosis
You can enter a subtitle here if
you need it
Our Team

John James
You can talk a bit about this
person here

Jenna Doe
You can talk a bit about this
person here

Jim Patterson
You can talk a bit about this
person here
Prevention
Mercury
Mercury is a really 01
small planet

Jupiter
Jupiter is a really big 02
planet

Neptune
Neptune is far away 03
from Earth
Diagnosis

Mercury Jupiter Neptune

Mercury is a really small Jupiter is the biggest planet Neptune is far away from
planet in our System Earth

Mars Venus Saturn

Despite being red, Mars is a Venus is the second planet Saturn is a gas giant and has
cold place from the Sun rings
Treatment
Do you know what helps you make your point
clear? Lists like this one:
● They’re simple
● You can organize your ideas clearly
● You’ll never forget to buy milk!

And the most important thing: the audience

won’t miss the point of your presentation
Awesome
Words
Conclusion
Mercury is the closest planet to the
Sun and the smallest one in the Solar
System
Recommendations

Should Shouldn’t

● You can describe here ● You can describe here

what the patient should do what the patient shouldn't
● You can describe here do
what the patient should do ● You can describe here
● You can describe here what the patient shouldn't
what the patient should do do
● You can describe here
what the patient shouldn't
do
This is a map

Mercury
Mercury is a small
planet

Jupiter
Jupiter is a really big
planet
References
● Author (year). Title of the
publication. Publisher

● Author (year). Title of the

publication. Publisher

● Author (year). Title of the

publication. Publisher

● Author (year). Title of the

publication. Publisher

● Author (year). Title of the

publication. Publisher
This is a Table

Surface
Mass Diameter
Gravity
(earths) (earths)
(earths)

Mercury 0.06 0.38 0.38

Mars 0.11 0.53 0.38

Saturn 95.2 9.4 1.16

A Timeline Always Works Fine

01 02 03 04

Mercury Jupiter Mars Neptune

Mercury is a small Jupiter is a big Mars is a very cold Neptune is far away
planet planet place from us
4,498,300
Big numbers catch your audience’s attention
Sneak Peek
You can replace the image on the
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click on it and select “Replace image”
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