AINES

ANTINFLAMATORIOS NO
ESTEROIDEOS

UNIV. VALENTINA LUENGO CARRASQUER

CI.24484522
 INTRODUCCIÓN
GRUPO VARIADO Y HETEROGÉNEO DE
01 FÁRMACOS

02 216 MILLONES DE DOSIS AL DIA

SON LOS FÁRMACOS MAS

03 AUTOMEDICADOS DEL MUNDO

EL ACETAMINOFÉN ES EL FÁRMACO MAS

04 UTILIZADO EN PEDIATRÍA
 ACCIONES CLÍNICAS
PRINCIPALES
ANTI ANTI
ANTIPIRÉTICO ANALGÉSICO
INFLAMATORIO AGREGANTE

Krauss, B., Calligaris 2016. Current concepts in management of pain in children. The Lancet, 387(10013), pp.83-92.
 MECANISMOS DE
DOLOR ACCIÓN
LOS LT Y PGE AUMENTAN LA PERCEPCIÓN DEL DOLOR EN LAS TERMINACIONES DE
LOS NORIRECPTORES

INFLAMACIÓN
RESPUESTA A ESTÍMULOS NOCIVOS MEDIADA POR PGE: VASODILATACIÓN LOCAL,
PERMEABILIDAD CAPILAR, INFILTRACIÓN DE LEUCOCITOS, FIBROSIS.

FIEBRE
PROCESO REGULADO POR EL HIPOTÁLAMO. INTERVIENEN LAS PGE2 AL
CRUZAR LA BHE Y ACTIVAR LAS NEURONAS TERMOSENSIBLES.

Brunton, L. Goodman & Gilman's the pharmacological basis of therapeutics

MECANISMO DE ACCIÓN
 MECANISMO DE
COX-1
ACCIÓN
• Fuente predominante de prostanoides para las funciones
de mantenimiento.
• Isoforma dominante en las células del epitelio gástrico
(PGs citoprotectoras).
• Su inhibición explica los eventos adversos gástricos que
son complicación del tratamiento con AINEs

COX-2
• Inducible, por acción de citocinas, factores de
crecimiento, etc.
• Fuente importante de prostanoides durante la
inflamación (reclutamiento de células inflamatorias,
sensibilización de nociceptores, regulación de la
temperatura corporal a nivel del hipotálamo).
 MECANISMO DE
ACCIÓN
PRINCIPAL EFECTO TERAPEUTICO DERIVA DE SU
01 CAPACIDAD PARA INHIBIR LA PRODUCCIÓN DE PGs.

02 INHIBEN LA COX O PROSTAGLANDINAS G/H SINTASA,

PRIMERA ENZIMA EN LA VÍA SINTÉTICA DE LAS PGs
LA MAYORIA SON INHIBIDORES COMPETITIVOS,
03 REVERSIBLES, DEL SITIO ACTIVO DE LAS ENZIMAS COX.
EXCEPTO EL AAS, QUE ES IRREVERSIBLE
NO INHIBEN LA VIA DE LA LIPOOXIGENASA, POR
04 TANTO, NO SUPRIMEN LA FORMACIÓN DE
LEUCOTRIENOS
Brunton, L.,Hilal Dandan , R. and Knollmann , B., n. Goodman & Gilman's the pharmacological basis of therapeutics
MECANISMO DE
ACCIÓN
 ACCIÓN ANALGÉSICA
A NIVEL PERIFÉRICO: LAS PG, LIBERADAS POR EL TRAUMATISMO O
01 INFLAMACIÓN, AUMENTAN LA SENSIBILIDAD DE LOS
NOCIRECPTORES.

02 LOS AINES IMPIDEN LA SENSIBILIZACIÓN DE LOS NOCICEPTORES

POR LAS PROSTAGLANDINAS.

A NIVEL CENTRAL, LA PGE2 INDUCE HIPEREXCITABILIDAD

03 REDUCIENDO LA ACCIÓN INHIBITORIA DE LA GLICINA: LOS AINES
INHIBEN LA COX-1 Y 2 A NIVEL CENTRAL.

04 ESTIMULAN LIBERACIÓN DE OPIOIDES ENDÓGENOS.

Brunton, L.,Hilal Dandan , R. and Knollmann , B., n. Goodman & Gilman's the pharmacological basis of therapeutics
 ACCIÓN ANTIPIRÉTICA
EL DESENCADENAMIENTO DE UNA REACCIÓN FEBRIL IMPLICA LA
01 EXISTENCIA DE PIRÓGENOS END’OGENOS (IL-1B, IL-6, TNF) O TÓXICOS
(ENDOTOXINAS O LPS)

LOS PIRÓGENOS ORIGINAN LA SÍNTESIS DE PROSTAGLANDINAS,

PRINCIPALMENTE PGE2, COMO PRIMER PASO EN LA PATOGENIA DE
02 LA FIEBRE, A NIVEL HIPOTAL’AMICO

LA ACCIÓN ANTITÉRMICA DEL AAS Y OTROS AINES SE EXPLICA,

PRINCIPALMENTE, POR SU CAPACIDAD DE DISMINUIR LAS
03 CONCENTRACIONES CENTRALES DE PGE2, MEDIANTE LA INHIBICIÓN
DIRECTA DE LA ACTIVIDAD ENZIMÁTICA DE LA COX-2

Brunton, L.,Hilal Dandan , R. and Knollmann , B., n. Goodman & Gilman's the pharmacological basis of therapeutics
 ACCIÓN
ANTIINFLAMATORIA
LA RESPUESTA INFLAMATORIA SE DIVIDE EN TRES FASES:
-AGUDA: VASODILATACIÓN LOCAL Y AUMENTO DE PERMEABILIDAD
01 CAPILAR
-SUBAGUDA: INFILTRACIÓN LEUCOCITARIA Y DE CÉLULAS
FAGOCÍTICAS
-CRÓNICA: SIGNOS DE DEGENERACIÓN Y FIBROSIS EN LOS TEJIDOS
AFECTADOS
AL INHIBIR LA SÍNTESIS DE PGs Y TROMBOXANOS,
02 LOS AINES REDUCEN SU ACTIVIDAD
SENSIBILIZADORA DE LAS TERMINACIONES
SENSITIVAS, ASÍ

Brunton, L.,Hilal Dandan , R. and Knollmann , B., n. Goodman & Gilman's the pharmacological basis of therapeutics
 SATURN
It’s composed of hydrogen
and helium

MERCURY
It’s the closest planet to the
Sun

JUPITER
Jupiter is the biggest planet of
them all

MARS
Despite being red, Mars is a
cold place
 BACKGROUND

MERCURY VENUS MARS

It’s the closest planet to the Venus is the second planet Mars is actually a very cold
Sun from the Sun place

JUPITER SATURN NEPTUNE

Jupiter is the biggest planet It’s composed of hydrogen It’s the farthest planet from
of them all and helium the Sun
AWESOME
WORDS
A PICTURE IS WORTH A
THOUSAND WORDS
“This is a quote, words full of wisdom that
someone important said and can make the
reader get inspired.”
—SOMEONE FAMOUS
 METHODS

OBSERVATION STUDY
Saturn is a gas giant with Mars is actually a very cold
several rings place

SAMPLING DATA
Mercury is the closest planet Neptune is far away from
to the Sun Earth

HYPOTHESIS EXPERIMENTS
Jupiter is the biggest planet Venus is the second planet
of them all from the Sun
RESEARCH AND PUBLICATIONS

It’s the closest planet to the Venus has a beautiful name

Sun and the smallest one in the and is the second planet from
Solar System the Sun

BY MERCURY BY VENUS
RESEARCH RESOURCES

● You can list you reference website or publications here

● You can list you reference website or publications here
● You can list you reference website or publications here
● You can list you reference website or publications here
● You can list you reference website or publications here
● You can list you reference website or publications here
 TRIAL TIMELINE

PRECLINICAL RESULT
Mercury is the closest planet to Mars is actually a very cold
the Sun place

RESEARCH EXPERIMENTS CONCLUSIONS

Jupiter is the biggest planet of Neptune is the farthest planet Saturn is composed of
them all from the Sun hydrogen and helium
 ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE

STEP 01 STEP 02
You can describe the topic of the You can describe the topic of the
section here section here

Non resistant bacteria Resistant bacteria Antibiotic

 PHASE 1

GOAL
Neptune is the farthest planet
from the Sun 60%
EFFECTS Earth is the third planet from
Saturn is composed of the Sun
hydrogen and helium

50% RESULTS
MERCURY 1 YEAR Jupiter is the biggest
Venus is the second planet planet of them all
It’s the closest planet to the
Sun from the Sun
 TREND
2010
Saturn is composed of
hydrogen and helium

2015
Mercury is the closest planet
to the Sun

2020
Jupiter is the biggest planet
of them all

Follow the link in the graph to modify its data and then paste the new one here. For more info, click here
A PICTURE
ALWAYS
REINFORCES THE
CONCEPT
Images reveal large amounts of data, so
remember: use an image instead of a long
text. Your audience will appreciate it
 RESULTS

EXPERIMENT A EXPERIMENT B
TREATMENT TEST 1 TEST 2 TEST 3 TREATMENT TEST 1 TEST 2 TEST 3

GROUP 1 254 368 356 GROUP 1 135 376 786

GROUP 2 127 456 587 GROUP 2 564 238 536

GROUP 3 112 453 125 GROUP 3 542 764 786

STUDIES BY AREAS

SATURN
It’s composed of hydrogen
and helium

JUPITER
Jupiter is the biggest planet
of them all
 RESULTS ANALYSIS

50% 50%
Earth is the third planet from Venus is the second planet
the Sun from the Sun

MERCURY SATURN
It’s the closest planet to the It’s composed of hydrogen
Sun and helium
150,000
Big numbers catch your audience’s attention
 50%
Percentages are useful

70%
Percentages are useful

85%
Percentages are useful
CONCLUSIONS

Venus has a beautiful name and is

the second planet from the Sun. It’s
terribly hot, even hotter than
Mercury, and its atmosphere is
extremely poisonous. It’s the
second-brightest natural object in
the night sky after the Moon
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