OAZWU[LKAWH Y[EBOJH GK LNAOFKZWNJOHA [AOBNWKUNB GK VHB[AWNG

WKZWNLKAWH JHL[A NEOKUWH

A[LKUH [AH (>) Ka bn jougng gk Duntklnbn, gkpnrtnlkath gk Duntklnbn, kb gokjohjmh gk

ndhsth gk ghs lob vkoatk, sokagh bns vkoatk mhrns jha gokjosoktk loauths, jhastuoghs ka bn

skduagn
skduagn nvkao
nvkaogn
gn trks duoha junrkatn
junrkatn y soktk, zhan uah, gk kstn jougng, NAWK LO3 @KBLNA
@KBLNA

NGNBEKUWH LNUWOAKS D[KVNUN, jhlpnrkjk kb skþhr KUOJ@ FKUANAGH ZNAWOSH JNZWOBBH,

quoka oagojn skr gk skskatn y soktk nþhs gk kgng, jnsngh, gk anjohanbogng duntklnbtkjh,

jhlkrjonatk, gk kstk ghlojoboh,

ghlojoboh, quoka sk ogkafjn jha Ghjulkath Ykrshanb gk
gk Ogkafjnjoúa

jha Júgodh Óaojh gk Ogkafjnjoúa

Ogkafjnjoúa ua lob quoaokaths gokz, quoajk lob hjmhjokaths vkoa
vkoajoajh,
joajh,

jkrh
jkrh jokath
jokath uah,
uah, kxtkag
kxtkagogh
ogh phr kb Ukd
Ukdost
ostrh
rh Anj
Anjoha
ohanb
nb gk bns Ykrshans
Ykrshans gk bn Ukp
Ukpóeb
óebojn
ojn gk

Duntklnbn, n quoka ka bh vvkaogkrh

kaogkrh gkb prkskatk oas
oastrulkath
trulkath póebojh
póebojh bh phg
phgrklhs
rklhs gkahloanr
gkahloanr

jhlh KB WKZWNGHU, kajhatrîaghsk tnleoïa prkskatks ka kb budnr y mhrn oagojnghs ka su jnbogng

gk tksdhs oastrulkatnbks, ogúakhs y jnpnjks, bhs skþhrks3 NAN LNUON HBOVN LHUNBKZ, quoka

oagojn skr gk vkoahjmh nþhs gk kgng, shbtkrn, duntklnbtkjn, kstugonatk, gk kstk ghlojoboh, sk
ogkafjn
ogkafjn Ghjulkath
Ghjulkath Ykrsha
Ykrshanb
nb gk Ogkafjnj
Ogkafjnjoúa
oúa jha Júgodh Óaojh gk Ogka
Ogkafjnj
fjnjoúa
oúa ghs lob,

vkoajoajh lob hjmhjokaths,

hjmhjokaths, jkrh jokath uah
uah kxtkagogh phr kb Ukdostrh Anjoha
Anjohanb
nb gk bns Ykrshans

gk bn Ukpóebojn gk Duntklnbn, y JU[S ENBGHLKUH DHASNBKS

DHASNBKS LKCON, gk skskatn nþhs
nþhs gk kgng,

jnsngh,
jnsngh, duntkln
duntklnbtkjh
btkjh,, klprk
klprksnroh
snroh,, gk kstk ghlojobo
ghlojoboh,
h, sk ogka
ogkafjn
fjn Ghjul
Ghjulkath
kath Ykrshanb
Ykrshanb gk

Ogkafjnjoúa jha Júgodh Óaojh gk Ogkafjnjoúa trks lob, trkoatn y joajh lob, jkrh jokath uah,

kxtkagogh phr kb Ukdostrh Anjoha

Anjohanb
nb gk bns Ykrshans gk bn Ukpóebojn g
gk
k Duntklnbn. Kb Ahtnroh gn

k3 n) quk n lo cuojoh kb tkstnghr sk kajukatrn ka kb pbkah dhjk gk sus jnpnjogngks lkatnbks y

vhbovns, ka vortug gk quk sk pukgk kxprksnr gk uan lnakrn jbnrn y jukrgn, ka rkbnjoúa n su
ueojnjoúa
ueojnjoúa ka klp
klph,
h, kspnjoh y pkrshans0
pkrshans0 e) ^uk kb hthrdnatk
hthrdnatk lk nskd
nskdurn
urn skr gk bhs gnths gk

ogkafjnjoúa nahtnghs y gk quk sk kajukatrn ka kb boerk kckrjojoh gk sus gkrkjmhs jovobks0 y j) Kb

tkstng
tkstnghr
hr kxprks
kxprksnn quk lkgona
lkgonatk
tk kb prkska
prkskatk
tk oas
oastru
trulka
lkath
th póe
póeboj
bojh
h jhl
jhlpnr
pnrkjk
kjk n hth
hthrdn
rdnrr su

WKZWNLKAWH JHL[A NEOKUWH, phr bh quk sk prhjkgk gk bn hrln soduokatk3 YUOLKUN3 GK BN

VHB[AWNG GKB WKZWNGHU. Kxprksn ‒Kb Wkstnghr“ quk ks su vhbuatng oastuor jhlh mkrkgkrhs

ua
uaov
ovkr
krsn
snbk
bks,
s, gk thgh
thghss su
suss eo
eoka
kaks
ks,, nj
njjo
joha
haks
ks,, gk
gkrk
rkjm
jmhs
hs y he
hebo
bodn
dnjo
joha
haks
ks qu
quk
k qu
qukg
kgka
ka n su

nbbkjolokath n sus mochs gk ahlerks C[NA NBEKUWH _ ZHAON LNUBKA_ gk npkbboghs ZNAWOSH

LHUNBKZ. ZKD[AGN3 GKJBNUNJOHA ZHEUK LNZ MOCHZ. Jhaaón gkjbnrnagh ‒KB WKZWNGHU“,
quk ukrn gk sus mochs natks ahlernghs, ah kak htrhs, phr bh quk ka kb supuksth jnsh gk quk
 

nbduan pkrshan sk ntroeuykrn kstn jnbogng, bn gksmkrkgn kxprksnlkatk, nsì jhlh junbquokr htrn

pk
pkrs
rsha
han,
n, pn
pnro
roka
katk
tk h ah
ah,, qu
quk
k qu
quok
okrn
rn ntro
ntroeu
euor
orsk
sk gk
gkrk
rkjm
jmhs
hs sher
sherk
k bn mk
mkrk
rkaj
ajon
on.. WKUJ
WKUJKU
KUN3
N3

GKJBNUNJOHA ZHEUK HWUH WKZWNLKAWH. Gkjbnrn ‒KB WKZWNGHU“, quk jha natkrohrogng ah mn

hthrdngh tkstnlkath nbduah, y so bh mueokrn, bh rkvhjn kxprksnlkatk, nsì jhlh junbquokr htrh

tkstnl
tkstnlkat
kath
h h ghanjo
ghanjoúa
úa phr jnu
jnusn
sn gk lukrtk
lukrtk hthrdn
hthrdnghs
ghs jha natkro
natkrohro
hrogng
gng.. J[NUWN
J[NUWN.. GK BN

NJKYWNJOÚA WHWNB. Kb jhlpnrkjokatk gk lnakrn kxprksn njkptn kb WKZWNLKAWH JHL[A

NEOKUWH
NEOKUWH jhatkaogh
jhatkaogh ka bns jbîu
jbîusubns
subns quk
quk natk
natkjkgka
jkgka.. Ghy k3 n) ^uk thgh
thgh bh ksjroth
ksjroth lk uk

kxpuksth phr ‒KB WKZWNGHU“0 e) Gk mnekr tkaogh n bn vostn bhs ghjulkaths gk ogkafjnjoúa

pkrshanb rkbnjohanghs,0 j) ^uk ‒KB WKZWNGHU“ kxprksú phr sì loslh su vhbuatng0 g) ^uk kb

tkstnlkath uk bkìgh jbnrn y gosatnlkatk phr ‒KB WKZWNGHU“, y nvkrodòk nb fanb gk jngn

jbîusubn voïaghbn y hyïaghbn, so bh jhatkaogh ka kbbn krn bn kxprksoúa fkb gk su vhbuatng, bh junb

lk bh rnfjú ka hrln kxprksn y jhajrktn0 k) ^uk mklhs kstngh rkuaoghs ka ua shbh njth

ahtnronb gksgk kb proajopoh mnstn kb fa óaojnlkatk ‒KB WKZWNGHU“, bhs tksdhs oastrulkatnbks y

kb Oarnsjroth Ahtnroh. Yhr gksodanjoúa gk ‒KB WKZWNGHU“ bkh n bhs prkskatks bh ksjroth, quokaks
katkrnghs gk su jhatkaogh, heckth, vnbhr y gklîs kkjths bkdnbks, nsì jhlh gk bhs nvoshs

pkrakatks quk gkeka kavonrsk

kavonrsk n bhs Ukdostrhs gk bn Yrhpokgng,
Yrhpokgng, bh njkptna, rnfjna y frlna,

junagh sha bns vkoauah mhrns jha trkoatn loauths, ka kb loslh budnr y kjmn oagojnghs, cuath nb

Ahtnroh quk nuthrozn.

FOULN GKB WKZWNGHU

FOULNZ GK BHZ WKZWODHZ

NAWK LO3

FOULN _ ZKBBH GKB AHWNUOH

LHGKBH GK YBOJN GKB WKZWNLKAWH JHL[A NEOKUWH

Jbnvk3 L->5657

KZ YBOJN. ^uk jhakak kb tkslhaoh kspkjonb gk bn ksjroturn póebojn aólkrh ghs (5), gk kjmn

uah gk skpklerk
skpklerk gk ghs lob vkoatk
vkoatk,, quk nuthrojk bn jougng gk Duntklnbn, gkpnrtnlkath gk

Duntklnbn, gk bns gokz mhrns n bns hajk mhrns, ka bnskduagn nvkaogn trks duoha junrkatn y soktk,

zhan uah, gk kstn jougng. JHAWOKAK3 WKZWNLKAWH JHLÓA NEOKUWH gkb skþhr3 CHUDK GNAOBH
VNBBK D[SLNA, kb junb kstî jhatkaogh ka bns mhcns gk pnpkb kspkjonb gk prhthjhbh, jha aólkrhs
 

gk hrgka3 N ghs lobbhaks trksjokaths joajukatn y joajh lob trksjokaths vkoatk (N 5:;;:59) y N ghs

lobbhaks trksjokaths joajukatn y joajh lob trksjokaths vkoauah (N5:;;:5>)0 y gk rkdostrh3

trksjokaths joajukatn y trks lob hjmhjokaths trkoatn (:;:=:9), y trksjokaths joajukatn y trks lob

hjmhjo
hjmhjokat
kaths
hs trk
trkoat
oatnn y uah (:;:=:
(:;:=:>),
>), gkb quoaqu
quoaqukao
kaoh
h ghs lob gok
gokjoh
johjmh
jmh,, ghs lob vko
vkoa
agús
gús..

Duntklnbn, uah gk skpklerk gk ghs lob vkoatk.

Forln y skbbh gkb Ahtnroh

BN YBOJN KZ [A ZHEUK GK WNLNÞH HFOJOH, KA KB J[NB ZK KAJ[KAWUN KB WKZWOLHAOH GKB

WKZWNLKAWH JHL[A NEOKUWH. NB FUKAWK GKB ZHEUK ZK JHAZODAN WHGN BN OAFHULNJOHA

^[K LNAGN BN BK_ _, KA KB UKVKUZH, [AN VKS JKUUNGH, ZK KZWNLYN KB ZKBBH GKB AHWNUOH

JHLH DNUNAWON YNUN ^[K AH ZK NEUN YUKVONLKAWK.

KA BN YBOJN ZK NGMOKUKA BHZ WOLEUKZ UKZYKJWOVHZ.

LHGKBH GK NVOZH NB UKDOZWUNGHU GK BN YUHYOKGNG.

Zkþhr Ukdostrnghr gk bn Shan Jkatrnb
Ukdostrh Dkakrnb gk bn Yrhpokgng
Gkpnrtnlkath gk Duntklnbn

Gk jhahrlogng jha bh kstnebkjogh ka kb nrjubh 7; gkb Gkjrkth :>7 gkb Jhadrksh gk bn

Ukpóebojn, y nrjubh >>?: gkb Júgodh Jovob, n ustkg3

NVOZH3

N. Gk jha
jhahrlog
hrlogng
ng jha bn ksjro
ksjroturn
turn póebojn
póebojn aól
aólkrh
krh joajh
joajh (;), kb gìn gokjo
gokjohjmh
hjmh gk ndhsth
ndhsth gk
ghs lob vkoatk, , gk bns vkoatk mhrns jha gokjosoktk loauths n bns vkoauah mhrns jha
trkoatn loauths, ka bn skduagn nvkaogn trks duoha junrkatn y soktk, zhan uah, gk kstn
jougng, kb skþhr KUOJ@ FKUANAGH ZNAWOSH JNZWOBBH,
JNZWOBBH, gk skskatn y soktk nþhs gk kgng,
jnsngh
jnsngh,, gk anjoha
anjohanbo
nbogng
gng duntkl
duntklnbt
nbtkjh
kjh,, jhl
jhlkrj
krjona
onatk,
tk, gk kst
kstkk ghl
ghlojo
ojoboh
boh,, quo
quoka
ka sk
ogkafjn jha Ghjulkath Ykrshanb gk Ogkafjnjoúa
Ogkafjnjoúa jha Júgodh Óaojh gk Ogkafjnjoúa
Ogkafjnjoúa
ua lob quoaokaths gokz, quoajk lob hjmhjokath
hjmhjokathss vkoajoajh, jkrh jokath uah, kxtka
kxtkagogh
gogh
phr kb Ukdostrh
Ukdostrh Anjohan
Anjohanbb gk bns Ykrshans
Ykrshans gk bn Ukpó Ukpóebo
ebojn
jn gk Dun
Duntkl
tklnbn,
nbn, hth
hthrdú
rdú
WKZWNLKAWH JHL[A NEOKUWH.
E. Kb tkst
tkstnlk
nlkath
ath qukgú
qukgú jhlp
jhlprkarkagog
goghh ka bhs hboh
hbohss gokz y haj
hajkk gkb Ukd
Ukdost
ostrh
rh Ahtn
Ahtnron
ronbb n lo
jnrdh, ka bns mhcns gk pnpkb kspkjonb gk prhthjhbh, jha aólkrhs gk hrgka3 N ghs
lobbha
lob bhaks
ks trk
trksjo
sjokat
kaths
hs joa
joajuk
jukatn
atn y joa
joajh
jh lob trksjo
trksjokat
kaths
hs vko
vkoatk
atk (N 5:;;:5
5:;;:59)
9) y N ghs
lobbha
lob bhaks
ks trksjo
trksjokat
kaths
hs joa
joajuk
jukatn
atn y joajh
joajh lob trksjo
trksjokat
kaths
hs vko
vkoau
auah
ah (N5
(N5:;;
:;;:5>
:5>)0)0 y gk
rkdostrh3 trksjokaths joajukatn y trks lob hjmhjokaths trkoatn (:;:=:9), y trksjokaths
joajuk
joa jukatn
atn y trks
trks lob hjm
hjmhjo
hjokat
kaths
hs trk
trkoat
oatnn y uah (:; (:;:=:>
:=:>),
), gkb quoaq
quoaquka
ukaoh
oh ghs lob
gokjohjmh, ghs lob vkoagús.
J. Kb ttkst
kstngh
nghrr so frlú
frlú su ttkst
kstnlk
nlkath
ath..

 
Duntklnbn, >? gk ndhsth gk 5,959.
  Jhbkdongh >5657
  Euktk3 5ª. Nvkaogn :-74, zhan >, Duntklnbn
  Wkbïhah3 ;7?=9;?6

HEBODNJOHAKZ YHZWKUOHUKZ3
 

>) Uklor
Uklor kb tkslhao
tkslhaoh h gk bn ksjroturn
ksjroturn quk, ka kskstk
tk jnsh, ggkek
kek mnjk
mnjkrsk
rsk ka pboj
pbojn,
n, jhah
jhahrlk
rlk
bh kstnebkjogh ka kb nrjubh :4, botkrnb n), pnrtk fanb, gkb Júgodh gk Ahtnrongh.

5) Uklor
Uklor nvoshs
nvoshs n bhs Ukdo
Ukdostr
strhs
hs gk bn Yrhpok
Yrhpokgng
gng,, ka jul
julpbo
pbolok
lokath
ath jha kb Nrjubh
Nrjubh 7; gkb
Júgodh gk Ahtnrongh y >>?: gkb Júgodh Jovob.

:) [an hebodn
hebodnjoú
joúa
a phs
phstkr
tkrohr
ohr lkg
lkgont
ontn,
n, jha
jhasos
sostk
tk ka quk
quk,, nb lhr
lhror
or kb tks
tkstng
tnghr,
hr, gke
gkekrî
krî
prkskatnrsk, mnstn ksk lhlkath, kb tkslhaoh gkb tkstnlkath neokrth, jha gupbojngh y
jkrfjnjoúa gkb njtn gk gkuajoúa pnrn quk skn nahtngh ka kb boerh gk nsokaths y
rnzh
rnzhan
angh
gh ph
phrr pn
pnrt
rtk
k gkgkbb Uk
Ukdo
dost
strn
rngh
ghrr gk bn Yrhp
Yrhpok
okgn
gng
g rksp
rkspkj
kjv
vh,
h, jh
jha
ahr
hrlk
lk n bh
kstnebkjogh ka kb nrjubh >>?7 gkb Júgodh Jovob. N pnrr gk kstn dksúa phgrî trnlotnrsk,
rngojnrsk h prhlhvkrsk kb jhrrksphagokatk prhjksh sujkshroh tkstnlkatnroh, yn skn ka
bn vìn ahtnronb h cugojonb.