[@ASKRYAMNM @NIAL@NO MKO NO]AXON@L

CNI[O]
NI[O]NM
NM MK
M K IAK@IANY
IAK @IANY NMJA@AY]R
NMJ A@AY]RN
N]AS
]ASNY
NY Q D[JN@NY
D[JN @NY
KYI[KON XRLCKYAL@NO MK NMJA@AY]RNIAÙ@

]NOOKR MK YAJ[ONIAÙ@ MK @KFLIALY

MLIK@]K7 Oai. Rùjuol Duninsa Fl`znoks

Ntk`ial Xaoiljnjn`a Dlbkr Dllm

Idnjbaoon Dun`niu`a Brnmli ]l`y
Iutasnin In`snyn N`n Kstdkr
Xujnquaspk ^uaspk Inrols K`raquk
^uaspk ]urpl Asnbko
Rljkrl Bkgnr Makfl Ckr`n`ml
 ¼^[Á KY A^ LX]AL@<

A^ Lptal` cuk cu`mnmn k` 28>9 iljl u`n pontnclrjn mk `kflianiaù` ca`n`iakrn pnrn iunoquakr
usunral. Ons pra`iapnoks inrnitkrêstains mk on iljpnþên sl` ko bngl jl`tl mk a`vkrsaù` y on

pontnclrjn mk `kflianiaù`
pnrn ko `nvkfnmlr, tltnojk`tk
ko ksiratlral, cokxabok. A^
ols sjnrtpdl`ks Lptal`
y ons lcrkik
tnboktns. On u`n pontnclrjn
pontnclrjn mk iljkrial
A^ Lptal` ÷`ainy
ks cokxabok
juy pkrsl`noaznbok. Ko lbgktavl mk A^ Lptal` ks dnikr on `kflianiaù` juy sajpok.
 RKFAY]RNRYK N ON XON]NCLRJN A^ LX]AL@7 IÙJL
DNIKROL

Xnrn rkfastrnrsk k` on pontnclrjn A^ Lptal`

frntuatnjk`tk,
rkfastrl y oukflsk`iaoonjk`tk vasatk on pîfa`n
a`frksk su markiiaù` mk
mk ilrrkl
kokitrù`ail y u`n ionvk quk koagn ustkm jasjl.
 A^ LX]AL@7 NBRAR I[K@]N FRN]AY

Iun`ml dnyn dkidl ioai k` ko bltù` ‟Nbrar iuk`tn frntas‚, vkrî on a`clrjniaù` slbrk ko raksfl.
Mkspuás mk okkr y nikptnr su okiturn, sk jlstrnrî on safuak`tk vk`tn`n.
 I[K@]N A^ LX]AL@ MKJL7 IÙJL C[@IAL@N

Il` on iuk`tn mkjl mk prîitain plmrî rknoaznr

trnma`f iljl
mackrk`ian ol dnrên
rnmain il``kflianrî
k` quk u`n iuk`tn
il`rkno. On
ma`krl
vartuno. On iuk`tn mkjl quk lcrkik kstk
brùekr `l tak`k oêjatk mk takjpl. Xlmrî prnitainr
murn`tk ko takjpl quk mkskk.
A@Y]R[JK@]LY CA@N@IAKRLY A^ LX]AL@
pukmk `kflianr lpial`ks mafatnoks
Lpial`ks ba`nrans

a`strujk`tls ca`n`iakrls quk ok pkrjatk` lbtk`kr

fn`n`ians jkman`tk ko prl`ùstail mko prkial y su mksnrrlool
no nozn l on bngn k` u` mktkrja`nml nitavl ‟subynik`tk‚

Xukmk lpkrnr k`

iljjlmataks ê`maiks iraptljl`kmns

niial`ks Clrkx

jntkrans prajns,
a`strujk`tls ê`maiks mk on
têtuols Ols injbals ca`n`iakrls pnrn Blosn k` A^
niial`nrals mk mavasns,sk lpkrnr quk sk lptal`,, sk
lptal` sl` a`strujk`tls
‟]êtuols l Snolrks k`iuk`trn` k` k`iuk`trn` k` on k`iuk`trn` k` on ca`n`iakrls quk sk
pnrtaiapntavls‚. on intkflrên intkflrên intkflrên k`iuk`trn` k` on intkflrên
‟Clrkx‚ ‟Iljjlmataks‚. ‟Ê`maiks‚. ‟Iraptl‚.
 cu`iaù` pnrn kgkiutnr
A^ LX]AL@ N[]L]RNMA@F ùrmk`ks7
◌ Ùrmk`ks mk iljprn
◌ Ùrmk`ks mk vk`tn

A^ lptal` ks u`n pontnclrjn l brlekr k` oê`kn quk sk kspkianoazn k` ICM

ICM ¸
Mavasns mk Clrkx, niial`ks, iljjlmataks, ê`maiks y iraptlmavasns.

= cu`ial`ks mko trnma`f nutljîtail k` A^ lptal`7

Xrk- Ùrmk`ks
Ùrmk`ks Ùrmk`ks
lrmk` ]rnaoa`f
stlp olss tnek prlcat
Ytlp

Il` kstn pukmk lrmk`nr n il` kstn cu`iaù` lrmk`njls n
on pontnclrjn mk ikrrnr on pontnclrjn quk iakrrk
nutljîtainjk`tk u`n nutljîtainjk`tk u`n
plsaiaù` nbakrtn, sa noin`zn u`n
plsaiaù` nbakrtn
iakrtn iultn.
Ok pkrjatk kstnbokikr u`
mktkrja`nml prkial quk,
noin`znml, nbrarî u`n
plsaiaù` no nozn l on bngn,
mkpk`mak`ml on
skokiial`nmn .
jukvk
nutljîtainjk`tk ko
oêjatk mk pármamn ‟Ytlp
Olss‚ dnian nrrabn l
dnian nbngl
¼ILJL [YNR A^ LX]AL@<
>. Ykokiial`njls ko nitavl

2. Mktkrja`njls ko tapl mk lpiaù`

9. Kstnbokikjls on ckidn oêjatk

=. Ksilfkjls on in`tamnm

;. Iljprnjls on lpiaù`
 LXIAÙ@ MAFA]NO A^ LX]AL@7 ^[Á KY Q IÙJL
C[@IAL@N

Lpiaù` mafatno A^ Lptal`7 fn`n`ians aoajatnmns

. On plsabaoamnm mk lbtk`kr fn`n`ians sajaonrks n ons lpial`ks ba`nrans .
. Yk pukmk vk`mkr ko nitavl n`tks mko takjpl mk kxparniaù`
. Xukmk lbtk`kr ols bk`kcaials kquavnok`tks no takjpl trn`siurraml n`tks
quk sk vk`zn ko ponzl mk kxparniaù`
 ¼^[Á KY ON LXIAÙ@ MAFA]NO A^ LX]AL@<

. [`n lpiaù` ks u` il`trntl kstn`mnraznml quk ok pkrjatk iljprnr l vk`mkr

u`n u`amnm mk u` nitavl k` ko cuturl n u` prkial mktkrja`nml.
IÙJL C[@IAL@N@ ON LXIAÙ@ MAFA]NO A^ LX]AL@

Yupl`fnjls quk dly ko prkial mk u`n mavasn K[R/[YM ks mk $ >,>938; y quk sk kspkrn u`
jlvajak`tl no nozn sk nprlxajnml skf÷` ols a`mainmlrks mk on pontnclrjn.
Xnrn bk`kcaianr`ls mk kstk prl`ùstail, tk`mrkjls quk iljprnr k` ko bltù` ‟Yubk‚, on in`tamnm mk $>8,
y sk kgkiutn u`n lrmk` mk iljprn k` $>.>93>>, il` u` takjpl mk vk`iajak`tl mk ; ja`.
¼^[Á Y[IKMK YA XRL@LY]AIN A@ILRRKI]NJK@]K
IL@ [@N
[ @N LXIAÙ@ MAFA
MAFA]]NO<

Xkrl ¼quá pnsn sa n`tks mk ookfnr no takjpl oêjatk ko prkial `l vn k` on markiiaù` mksknmn<

Cîiao7 n`taiapnmn,
vk`tn iljl yn `lksksmkiar,
il`vk`ak`tk
sk pukmkykgkrikr
ks lbvalon quk `l tk`mrî
lpiaù` a`iouslfn`n`ian,
n`tks mk puks pukmk lptnr
quk sk noin`ik plr u`n
ko jljk`tl
mko vk`iajak`tl y slol sk pakrmk u`n in`tamnm afuno no rkilrraml k` il`trn.
No vk`mkr n`tks mk su vk`iajak`tl, slol sk rkstn on in`tamnm mk ma`krl no inpatno a`vkrtaml y ko rkstl
skrî mkvukotl. K`tl`iks, sa iljprn u`n lpiaù` mk $>8 y ko nitavl sk vn k` il`trn $3,; puks sk rkstn on
pármamn no inpatno
inpatno y sk mkvukovk ko rkstl,
rkstl, k` kstk insl $9,; kti.
 A@MAINMLRKY MK A^ LX]AL@
XLR IL@YAF[AK@]K, YLOL ]K@KJLY ^[K DNIKR [@ XRL@ÙY]AIL KYXKIÊCAIL MK [@ JLSAJAK@]L
MKO XRKIAL.
¼Iùjl usnrols< @L @KIKYA]NJLY
@KIKYA]NJLY XRLC[@MAWNR KO ]KJN.

]LJNR K@ I[K@]N OLY NIL@]KIAJAK@]LY KIL@ÙJAILY, CA@N@IAKRLY, XLOÊ]AILY (@LRJN]ASLY)

Q YLIANOKY.

N`îoasas
N`îoasas nvn`znml quakrk mkiar kstumanr ols frîcails (clrjnmls plr mntls dastùrails) pnrn amk`tacainr tk`mk`ians l
injbals k` ko jkrinml. K` plins pnonbrns, `ls nyumn n rknoaznr prl`ùstails mk ols jlvajak`tls mk prkial k` ko
cuturl (ikrin`l).

Ols a`strujk`tls mk n`îoasas nvn`znml A^ lptal` sl`7

Frîcails
A`strujk`tls frîcails
A`mainmlrks
 FRÎCAILY K@ A^ LX]AL@
• K` A^ lptal` pukmk vkr ko frîcail mk = jn`krns mackrk`tks.

• ]ak`k` a`clrjniaù` vnranmn iljl ko prkial mk npkrturn y iakrrk, nsê iljl ols vnolrks jîxajls y jê`ajls k`
u` kspkiêcail a`tkrvnol.

• Xlr ÷otajl, kstî ko frîcail mk tapl oa`kno. Ks ko jîs sajpok, quk il`kitn tlmls ols `avkoks noin`znmls mko prkial
jkman`tk u`n oê`kn il`ta`un.
 ¼I[ÎOKY YL@<

• JJ l Jkmans Jùvaoks • Bn`mns mk Blooa`fkr

Jkman`tk ons Bn`mns mk Blooa`fkr, pukmk
Ons jkmans jùvaoks sk utaoazn` pnrn kstnbokikr on
mktkrja`nr on plsaiaù` rkontavn mko prkial
tk`mk`ian nituno,
injbals, plr pkrl iun`ml
kgkjpol, tnjbaá`mls
pnrn rksnotnr
tapls ols
mk oê`kns mk`trl mk u` iakrtl a`tkrvnol mk takjpl k
amk`tacainr plsaboks pu`tls mk a`frksl k` ko
JJ sk tlin` (plr kgkjpol, sajpok y kxpl`k`iano). jkrinml.

• Nooafntlr • Ê`maik mk cukrzn rkontavn

Ko a`mainmlr Nooafntlr pkrjatk kvnounr on Ko ê`maik mkk`clrtnokzn
irkiajak`tl tárja`ls rkontavn
nbsloutlsiljpnrn ko
mko tnrfkt
tk`mk`ian mko jkrinml y caotrnr ols pkrêlmls
mk nusk`ian mk tk`mk`ians (ontkrnoks). praik mk`trl mk u` onpsl mktkrja`nml, il` on
rkmuiiaù` fk`krno mko prkial mk`trl mko
jasjl onpsl.
• JNIM
A`mainmlr JNIM l Jlva`f Nvkrnfk Il`vkrfk`ik Mavkrfk`ik (Jkman
jùvao mk il`vkrfk`ian mavkrfk`ian). Kstk a`mainmlr rkprksk`tn on
vasunoazniaù` frîcain mk on rkoniaù` k`trk mls prljkmals jùvaoks
kxpl`k`ianoks npoainmls n mackrk`tks pkrêlmls mk murniaù`.

• YNR pnrnbùoail
Yk bnsn k` ko frîcail mk prkials y sk jukstrn iljl u`n
skrak mk pkqukþls pu`tls. Yu lbgktavl ks pnrkiaml no mk
ons jkmans jùvaoks.

• Lsiaonmlr Kstliîstail
Kstk a`mainmlr sk rkprksk`tn bngl clrjn mk plrik`tngk y
sus vnolrks kstî` k`trk 8 y >88%.
• Nwksljk Lsiaoontlr
Lsiao ontlr
Kstk a`mainmlr ks on rkprksk`tniaù` frîcain mk on rkoniaù` k`trk 2

jkmans jùvaoks sajpoks (ok`tn y rîpamn) k` clrjn mk bnrrns.

• N]R l Nvkrnfk ]ruk Rn`fk ‟Rn`fl jkmal vkrmnmkrl‚
Mktkrja`n on tnsn mk vnraniaù` mk ols prkials

• NMT
Kstk a`mainmlr tnjbaá` sk pukmk utaoaznr pnrn amk`tacainr
injbals pltk`ianoks k` on satuniaù` mk vnranbaoamnm mko
jkrinml.
• Crnitno
Yu pra`iapno lbgktavl ks vasunoaznr ols pu`tls jîxajls y
jê`ajls
ko injbalolinoks mk on iurvn mk prkial k a`mainr ols pu`tls pnrn
k` ko jkrinml.
• IIA l Iljjlmaty Idn``ko A`mkx
Ko IIA sk pukmk utaoaznr pnrn jkmar on a`tk`samnm mk u`n
tk`mk`ian prksk`tk l pnrn amk`tacainr ols jîxajls y jê`ajls.
 ]LR@KLY A^ LX]AL@

• A^ lptal` lrfn`azn inmn mên tlr`kls ml`mk rkiljpk`sn n ols prajkrls trnmkrs quk noin`zn` ols prajkrls pukstls
k` on iljpktk`ian. Npnrtk mko tlr`kl ‟]dk Va``kr ]neks at Noo‚, tlmls ols mkjîs tlr`kls tak`k` prkjals pnrn ols
jkglrks ionsacainmls. Xlr il`safuak`tk, a`iousl sa `l ookfn prajkrl, n÷` tak`k on lplrtu`amnm mk fn`nr nofl mk
ma`krl.
 A^ Onu`id

Fknr [p Cuoo
]drlttok

OAY]N MK
Dafd
Jnrfa` A^ Yntkooatk

]LR@KLY
Idnrt ]dk Va``kr
Idnrjkr ]neks at Noo

Ynonry a` n 62 Dlurs
Mny
 YÊ@]KYAY Q XR[KBN MK KSNO[NIAÙ@ MKO
]RNMA@F IL@ A^ LX]AL@

Rkfastrnrsk k` A^ y [taoaznr ons prlbnbaoamn

prlbnbaoamnmks
mks
niikmkr n on pontnclrjn k` ons lpial`ks ba`nrans

[snr ko mkjl il` ko iuno

sk rknoaznrn on tljn mk
mkiasal`ks
Jns inrnitkrêstains
[snr ko mkjl sa` raksfls
rkquakrk mk jns
rknoks
a`clrjniaù`
 A@Y]R[JK@]LY
A@Y]R[JK@]LY CA@N@IAKRLY

Xlskk juidns ]rnma`f

cu`ial`ks frncains nutljîtail A^
tái`ains, lptal`
NIIAL@KY A^ LX]AL@

NIIAL@KY A^ LX]AL@

@QYK @NYMN^
 ]AXLY MK
A@Y]R[JK@]LY
ICM k` niial`ks

Ko trnma`f mk ICM sk mkca`k iljl "on iljprn y on

vk`tn mk ICM". Ols ICM sl` u` prlmuitl mkravnml
plrquk tk pkrjatk` a`vkrtar k` jkrinmls iljl
niial`ks, mavasns, ê`maiks y jntkrans prajns sa` tk`kr
quk nmquarar ols nitavls subynik`tks.

Lpial`ks Mafatnoks

Ons lpial`ks mafatnoks sl` u` prlmuitl quk pkrjatk

kokfar u` prkial mk kgkiuiaù` k` u` jljk`tl
mktkrja`nml k` ko cuturl, y sa kxparn, k` ko ma`krl, sk
ltlrfn u` pnfl cagl. K` ko ltrl onml mk on kiuniaù`,

sa
tu tu suplsaiaù`
snoml pra`iapnomkk`jkrinml ks a`ilrrkitn, pkrmkrîs
on lpkrniaù`.
 A@SKR]AR K@ NIIAL@KY IL@
A^ LX]AL@

Ol prajkrl quk mkbk dnikr, sa n÷` `l ol dn dkidl, ks rkfastrnrsk. Xukmk

dnikrol mksmk kstn pîfa`n, y mksmk nooê tnjbaá` pukmk niikmkr n on mkjl
frntuatn.
Ol skfu`ml quk mkbk dnikr, iun`ml dnyn a`frksnml n on pontnclrjn, ks
dnikr ioai k` ko bltù` + quk sk pukmk vkr nrrabn mk on pontnclrjn, pnrn
skokiial`nr u` a`strujk`tl pnrn `kflianr.
Ol tkrikrl quk mkbk dnikr ks skokiial`nr on intkflrên ‟NIIAL@KY‚ y
oukfl kokfar ko têtuol quk mkskn pnrn dnikr trnma`f.

Ol ÷otajl quk mkbk dnikr ks il`cafurnr tlmls ols cnitlrks pnrn nbrar u`n
plsaiaù` no nozn l on bngn. Xlr kgkjpol, k`trk ols mavkrsls cnitlrks, tak`k
quk il`cafurnr on sujn mk on a`vkrsaù`.
 ¼IÙJL MKYINRFNR ON MKJL FRN
FRN][A]
][A]NJK@]K<
NJK@]K<

INRNI]KRÊY]AINY MK ON I[K@]N A^
LX]AL@ MKJL
 On iuk`tn mkjl mk A^ Lptal` sarvk iljl
u`n fuên pnrn ols trnmkrs quk kstî`
kjpkzn`ml il` ko trnma`f il` ons
lpial`ks ba`nrans frnians n sus juidls
bk`kcaials.
 Ols trnmkrs pukmk` ilolinr lpkrnial`ks k`
mackrk`tks nitavls il` on nyumn mk
jntkranoks kmuintavns ÷taoks,
prlplrial`nmls plr on mkjl
mkj l mk A^ lptal`.
 Xukmk` utaoaznr mackrk`tks a`strujk`tls y
tái`ains mk `kflianiaù` pnrn trntnr mk
mktkrja`nr ko jlvajak`tl ilrrkitl mko
prkial mk u` nitavl.
nitavl .
 Xksl mk a`stnonmlr 7 >4 jb
 Xksl mk sajuonmlr a`stnonml7 =1 jb