HMJ^[K

HMJ^[K AAA7
AAA7 NLNMAWN_
NLNMAWN_ MN BAL EAON BK
BK MN MARJ_CKXN
MARJ_CKXN

MN MARJ_CKX
MARJ_CKX N MN
N__ P M NO
N O N _ RK
RK O R L AO
AO N _

 
MARJ_CKXN7   Km jrafkl bk mn pnmnhrn matjsckrn prjvaklk bkm Mn balîeaon altkrln bk mn matjsckrn kstî sugktn n uln skrak bk
frakfj matjs,
frakfj matjs, quk saflacaon pakbrn, y spdnårn, j ksckrn, pjr mj ejvaeakltjs altkrljs bk bastaltjs lavkmks bk altklsabnb quk mn dnl

uk sk kltaklbk
kltaklbk ojej
ojej mn on n sÿmabn bk mn Rakrrn.
Rakrrn. crnoturnbj
quk kl vnrajs
sk eukvkl pjr mnscrnfekltjs bkljealnbjsbkmpmnons
ojrrakltks ojlvkotavns enltjtkotÿlaons,
supkrajr y
ONPN_ ALRKXLN_ Q KTRKXLN_ BK MN RAKX
RAKX XN sk bkspmnznl sjhrk mn ntkljsckrn ojl mkltatub, onehanlbj mn
npnrakloan bk mn supkrcaoak tkrrkstrk. _k ojljokl bjs tapjs bk
Lukstrj pmnlktn kstî ojlstatuabj pjr onpns y suhonpns ojloáltraons, pmnons7 ojltalkltnmks y jokîlaons.
quk sk klvukmvkl ulns n jtrns, y ouyj pksj ks enyjr nm altkrajr quk
MN RKJX N BK MN BKXASN OJLRAL
OJLRALKLRNM
KLRNM
nm kxtkrajr. _k ojepjlkl pjr kmkekltjs kl kstnbj sÿmabj y måquabj,
kl km okltrj kstîl mjs kmkekltjs eîs pksnbjs y kl mn supkrcaoak mjs
_k rkcakrk n mn dapÿtksas, norkbatnbn nm ektkjrÿmjfj nmkeîl Nmcrkb
eîs mafkrjs.
Vkfklkr, kl mn quk pmnltkn quk burnltk km calnm bkm
Mns onpns bk mn Rakrrn bk nbkltrj dnoan ncukrn sjl7 pkrajbj Pnmkjzjaoj 
Pnmkjzjaoj y km praloapaj bkm pkrajbj Eksjzjaoj mns ensns
bk takrrn kstnhnl ulabns jrafalnmekltk kl ul sÿmj s÷pkr ojltalkltk
 L×OMKJ7 Onpn eîs prjculbn, tkepkrnturn quk nmonlzn mjs 3 quk mmneÿ Pnlfkn
Pnlfkn..
600 °O, ojepukstn bk dakrrj y låqukm, y kmkekltjs eîs mafkrjs,
ojej nzucrk y jxåfklj. Raklk ul kspksjr bk ? ;00 ie, M N R K JX
JX N B K M N _ P M N O N _ R K O R ßL
ßL AO
AO N _
ojrrkspjlbakltk n 30% bk mn ensn tkrrkstrk. Kstk sk bavabk kl
bjs suhonpns7 L÷omkj altkrlj y kxtkrlj. Km altkrlj kl kstnbj Pjstkrajrekltk kl >130, Dnrry Dkss sustkltn mn tkjrån bk tkotÿlaon
sÿmabj bkhabj n mn prksaÿl kl mn quk sk kloukltrn, y km kxtkrlj bk pmnons, hnsnbn kl mn tkjrån bk mn bkravn ojltalkltnm y mn
pjskk mn easen ojepjsaoaÿl quåeaon y tkepkrnturn, pkrj taklk kxpnlsaÿl bk mjs joánljs, y kxpmaon quk, frnoans n mns ojrrakltks
ul kstnbj cmuabj bkhabj n quk taklk uln prksaÿl eîs hngn. ojlvkotavns quk skpukbnl
pmnons tkotÿlaons mjonmaznlejvkrsk
kl mn nstkljsckrn,
mkltnekltkksojl
pjsahmk quk mns
barkooajlks
 ENLRJ7 Onpn altkrekban, kltrk km l÷omkj y mn ojrtkzn, cjrenbn
pjr samaontjs bk dakrrj y enflksaj, kspksjr bk ?; n 8 100 ie. bkcalabns, orknr lukvns takrrns, odjonr kltrk så y bksnrrjmmnr
Joupn km 2;; bk mn ensn tkrrkstrk. _k bavabk kl bjs suhonpns rnlbks onbklns ejltnþjsns enralns, mmnenbns bjrsnmks.
quk sk kloukltrnl ojl tkepkrnturns bk ;00 n 100 °O maeatnlbj
ojl mn ojrtkzn y 2000 °O okron bkm l÷omkj7 Km enltj alckrajr kl R AAP
P J_
J_ B K PM
P M N O N_
N_ R
RKK O R L AAO
ON_
kstnbj sÿmabj y km supkrajr kl kstnbj vasojsj.
Pmnons jokîlaons. Nqukmmns ouhakrtns åltkfrnekltk pjr mn ojrtkzn
RKXXK_RXK7  ×laon pnrtk sÿmabn, ouhrk nm enltj y
OJXRKWN RKXXK_RXK7 
jokîlaon, j skn, km sukmj bk mjs joánljs,
mjs  joánljs,   bk ejbj quk kstîl
l÷omkj, y ks mn onpn quk dnhatnejs mjs skrks duenljs. _k suekrfabns kl tjbn su kxtklsaÿl. _jl bkmfnbns, ojepukstns
bavabk
samaontjsklbk ojrtkzn
nmuealajjokîlaon y ojltalkltnm.
y enflksaj, _k ojepjlk
rjons bk frnlatj bk
y hnsnmtj. Kl praloapnmekltk pjr dakrrj Nqukmmns
Pmnons ojltalkltnmks. y enflksaj. ouhakrtns pnroanmekltk
p nroanmekltk pjr mn
mn ojrtkzn tkrrkstrk ojlvkrfkl bjs onpns7 Dabrjsckrn (onpn ojrtkzn ojltalkltnm, j skn, pjr mjs ojltalkltks
mjs  ojltalkltks easejs, sjl km tapj
cjrenbn pjr nfun) y ntejsckrn (onpn
(onpn fnskjsn). eîs prkbjealnltk bk pmnon tkotÿlaon y pjskkl fklkrnmekltk uln
pnrtk ojltalkltnm y jtrn suekrfabn kl km nfun mjs enrks. 
km nfun bk mjs enrks.
  _ A_ EAO AB N B S[MONLA_EJ

 _ A_ EAO AB N B7 Ks mn ekbabn bk mn notavabnb såseaon

såseaon   bk nmf÷l mufnr S[MONLA_EJ7 Rkjrån fkjmÿfaon quk ntrahuyk mn cjrenoaÿl bk mn
 
kspkoåcaoj, skf÷l su crkoukloan k altklsabnb n mj mnrfj bkm takepj. 
takepj.   ojrtkzn tkrrkstrk n mn nooaÿl bkm cukfj altkrajr, bkm ounm sjl kckotj mjs
vjmonlks.  
vjmonlks.
 _ A_ EJ7
 _krak bkhrusoj
ul ejvaeakltj vahrnoajlks bk mn supkrcaoak
y rkpkltalj tkrrkstrk
bk mns onpns fklkrnbns
altkrlns (ojrtkznpjry C JX
JX E
ENN O A L BK
BK M J_
J_ S J
JMMONL
LK
K_
enltj).  
enltj).
Mjs vjmonlks lnokl n pnrtar bk uln kxpmjsaÿl nm altkrajr bk mn Rakrrn y
J LB
LB N _ _ _ E AO
AO N _ quk snmk km entkranm n frnl tkepkrnturn y ojl uln noueumnoaÿl bk
fnsks aepjrtnltk9 pjbkejs pjlkr ojej kgkepmj uln jmmn bk prksaÿl
 JLBN_ BK OJEPXK
JLBN_ OJEPXKL_AL_A L7 sjl mjlfatubalnmks pjrquk sk mmkln bk nfun y cragjmks,
c ragjmks, quk nm kstnr nm cukfj pjr euodj takepj, km nfun
eukvkl pnrnmkmns n mn barkooaÿl bk su prjpnfnoaÿl y sk sk kvnpjrn kl km altkrajr y kgkrok uln cukrzn tnm quk kxpmjtn y km
trnlseatkl pjr tjbj tapj bk entkranmks, sjl
sjl mns praekrns kl mmkfnr ojltklabj snmk baspnrnbj, bkgnlbj mn ojoaln aeprkflnbn pjr tjbns
y mns eîs rîpabns, su vkmjoabnb bkpklbk bkm tapj bk rjons pjr mns pnrtks9 mj easej dnok ul vjmoîl ounlbj lnok, nrrjgn mnvn pnrn tjbjs
quk sk prjpnfnl. mnbjs.
 JLBN_ RXNL_SKX_NMK_7
RXNL_SKX_NMK_7 sk  sk eukvkl kl skltabj vkrtaonm y sk
trnlseatkl pkrpklbaoumnrekltk n mn barkooaÿl kl prjpnfnoaÿl y n PX JB[ORJ_
JB[ORJ_ SJMOÎLAOJ_
mn supkrcaoak y sjmj sk trnlseatkl pjr entkranmks sÿmabjs9 su
vkmjoabnb ks onsa mn eatnb quk mns P, pkrj su aepnotj sk sakltk  Fnsks.
eîs cukrtk.  Måquabjs (mnvn kl fklkrnm).
 _[PKXCAOANMK_7  sjl bjs, mns jlbns Xnymkafd, quk sk
JLBN_ _[PKXCAOANMK_7   _ÿmabjs j entkranmks parjomîstaojs.
eukvkl jlbumntjranekltk y sk pukbkl ojepnrnr ojl mns jlbns quk sk
 Ojmuelns kruptavns.
prjbuokl kl mn supkrcaoak bkm nfun. Q mns Mjvk, pnrkoabns n mns
 Mndnrks.

trnlsvkrsnmks, puks vangnl pkrpklbaoumnrekltk pkrj bkorkokl ojl mn RA

RAPJ_
PJ_ BK KX [P_AJ
[P_AJLK_
LK_
prjculbabnb.  
 DNVNANLJ7 Mnvn nhulbnltk y euy cmuabn, pjojs fnsks, rnrn vkz
P[LRJ
P[LRJ_
_ _ _EAOJ_
_EAOJ_ prkskltn kxpmjsajlks.
 K_RXJEHJMANLJ7   Kxpmjsajlks ejbkrnbns eîs j ekljs
K_RXJEHJMANLJ7
Kxastkl bjs pultjs aepjrtnltks kl km kstubaj bk mjs sasejs7 pkraÿbaons bk mnvn alonlbksokltk y luhks bk vnpjr.
 A_MÎLBAON7 Lj sjl kxpmjsavns, nulquk keatkl ekbanljs y
 Km dapjokltrj, quk ks km mufnr bjlbk sk jrafaln km ejvaeakltj.
frnlbks vjm÷eklks bk mnvn. 
mnvn. 
 Kpaokltrj, bjlbk sk rkcmkgnl mns jlbns såseaons kl mn supkrcaoak.
 PAMANLN_7   Kxpumsnl frnlbks ojmuelns kruptavns y nvnmnlodns
PAMANLN_7
RAPJ_ BK _A_EJ_ alonlbksokltks bk rjons, oklazns y fnsks. 
fnsks. 
 PKMKKNLN_7  Prjbuokl enfen vasojsj y sjl nmtnekltk
PKMKKNLN_7 
Pjr su jrafkl7 kxpmjsavns9 pukbkl prjvjonr nvnmnlodns y luhks nrbakltks quk sk
bkspmnznl n frnl vkmjoabnb. 
vkmjoabnb.  
 SJMOÎLAOJ_7 _asejs mjonmks, bk pjon enflatub y quk burnl
 pjoj takepj, sukmkl prkskltnrsk pjr notavabnb vjmoîlaon.
vj moîlaon.
 RKOR
RKOR LAO AOJJ_7 Prjvjonbjs pjr km odjquk bk bjs pmnons
 N O RAS AB N B S
SJM
JM O LA O N _ K O [LB N X AN
tkotÿlaons, ouhrkl nepmans zjlns bk supkrcaoak, bk frnl enflatub
y pukbkl burnr dnstn vnrajs ealutjs. Mns notavabnbks vjmoîlaons skoulbnrans kstîl eîs rkmnoajlnbns ojl mjs
ojltnotjs ojl mn oîenrn bk enfen quk ojl mns krupoajlks kl så.
Pjr su ejvaeakltj7
 FÁA_KXK_7 odjrrjs bk nfun onmakltk altkreatkltks quk snmkl bk mn

 J_OAMNRJXAJ_7
  Ejvaeakltj djrazjltnm y vkrtaonm. Rakrrn pjr uln casurn kl km sukmj.  
 RXKPABNRJXAJ_7   Ejvaeakltjs vkrtaonmks, nsoklbkltks y
RXKPABNRJXAJ_7 RKXENM7  _k bkhk nm ojltnotj bk uln ojrrakltk bk
 ENLNLRANM RKXENM7 

bksoklbkltks. nfun suhtkrrîlkn ojl uln oîenrn bk enfen, km nfun sk onmakltn y

Pjr su prjculbabnb7 snmk n mn su

su krcaoak
krcaoak ojej
ojej km hrjtk bk
bk ul råj.
MJ [K MJ_ SJMONLK_ NPJXRNL NM _K X D[E
D[ENLJ
NLJ
 PXJC[LBJ_7 _k bksnrrjmmnl pjr bkhngj bk mjs 20 ie.
  _k prkskltnl pjr nrrahn bk mjs 20 ie.
_[PKXCAOANMK_7 _k
_[PKXCAOANMK_7  Mn pakbrn vjmoîlaon sk utamazn kl mn albustran bk mn ojlstruooaÿl.
  Nzucrk, ealkrnm quk nhulbn
nhulbn kl mns zjlns vjmoîlaons, ks utama
utamaznbn
znbn kl
K_ONMN_ _ _E
EAA O N_
N_ mn albustran quåeaon pnrn mn kmnhjrnoaÿl bk îoabj sumc÷raoj bk
onrhjlj, nbkeîs bk prjbuotjs cnrenoáutaojs.
Mn enflatub bk mjs sasejs sk eabk ojl bjs ksonmns, mn bk Xaodtkr y  Mns nfuns tkrenmks raons kl nzucrks,
mn bk Ekronmma. Mn ksonmn bk Xaodtkr eabk mn klkrfån mahkrnbn kl km  Km onmjr quk fklkrn mn Rakrrn sk trnlscjren kl klkrfån kmáotraon.
dapjokltrj j cjoj såseaoj. _k utamazn km saseÿfrncj y taklk ul onrîotkr  Km ntrnotavj turåstaoj.
oakltåcaoj. Mn ksonmn taklk >0 frnbjs. Mn ksonmn bk Ekronmma eabk mjs
bnþjs jonsajlnbjs pjr km sasej, pjskk >8 frnbjs y su lavkm kstî kl
rkmnoaÿl barkotn ojl mn pkrokpoaÿl bk mjs bnþjs onusnbjs.

 WJLN _ _ A_ EAO N _ Q _ [ X K MN O A L O JL M N _ P MN O N _
RKORJLAON_ RKORßLAON_  N F K LRK _ K LB ßF K LJ_ CJ X EN BJ X K _ BK M X K MA K SK

Kxastkl mufnrks bjlbk jourrkl sasejs kl km eulbj y mufnrks kl RA

RAPJ_
PJ_ BK XKMAKSK

bjlbk gneîs
tkotÿlaons. tkehmnrî.
Xkoukrbn qukRjbj kmmj skskrkmnoajln
mjs sasejs prkskltnlojl
kl mns
mns pmnons
zjlns
 EJLRNÞN_7 Rkrrkljs ouyn kmkvnoaÿl sjhrk su hnsk ks enyjr n 600
ektrjs, ounlbj sk nfrupnl ojej ojrbammkrns j sakrrns, kxokptj ounlbj
bjlbk sk mjonmaznl mjs måeatks trnlscjrenltks y mjs ojlvkrfkltks,
sk trntn bk vjmonlks. Kxastkl trks tapjs bk ejltnþns7 Bk pmkfneakltj (sk
ástjs prjvjonrîl sasejs y frnlbks tkrrkejtjs.
cjrenl bk nmtns tkepkrnturns y frnlbks prksajlks bkhngj bk mn Rakrrn),
bk cnmmneakltj (ounlbj mn prksaÿl y nmtns tkepkrnturns prjvjonbns pjr
 N F K LRK
LR K _ K T F K LJ_
LJ _ CJ X EN BJ X K _ BK M X K MA K SK mns cukrzns altkrlns bk mn Rakrrn lj mjfrnl dnokr quk mns rjons kltrkl kl
ul kstnbj pmîstaoj, kstns sk rjepkl, sk prjbuok uln cnmmn), y mns
ALRKX
ALRKX PKX A_EJ Q KX J_AßL
J_AßL vjmoîlaons (vjmonlks j prjvjonbns pjr krupoajlks).
 EK_KRN_7  rkmakvks kxtklsjs y pmnljs ouyn nmtatub bkhk skr supkrajr n
EK_KRN_7 rkmakvks
ALRKXPKXA_EJ7  bksfntk al satu bk mn rjon, ks bkoar kl su mufnr. mjs ;00 ektrjs sjhrk km lavkm bkm enr9 pukbkl cjrenrsk pjr cukrzns
Dny bjs tapjs, ekoîlaoj j cåsaoj, quk sk bkhk n onehajs hrusojs y tkotÿlaons j pjr km bksfnstk bkm tkrrklj oaroulbnltk.
ojlstnltks bk tkepkrnturn,
tkepkrnturn, y km quåeaoj, quk
quk nm bksojepjlkrsk mn  MMNL[XN7   frnlbks kxtklsajlks bk tkrrkljs pmnljs ojl nmfulns
MMNL[XN7
rjon onehan mn quåeaon bk sus ojepjlkltks jrafalnmks pjr jtrjs jlbumnoajlks, sk mjonmaznl kl zjlns bk takrrns hngns ojl ekljs bk 800
backrkltks. ektrjs sjhrk km lavkm bkm enr j kl mjs cjlbjs bk mjs vnmmks.

 BKPXK_AJLK_7 kspnoajs ouyj lavkm kstî pjr bkhngj bkm tkrrklj

K XJ
X J _ A L 7 Bksfnstk quk sk prjbuok kl mn supkrcaoak bk mns rjons
oaroulbnltk. Kxastkl bjs tapjs bk bkprksajlks7 mns rkmntavns, ounlbj mn
pjr mn craooaÿl ojltalun bk jtrj oukrpj  ‟nfkltk kxtkrlj ‟, quk pukbk
bkprksaÿl sk uhaon pjr nrrahn bkm lavkm bkm enr, y mns bkprksajlks
skr km nfun, km vakltj j mjs skrks vavjs. Mn krjsaÿl ks ul prjoksj kl
nhsjmutns, mns ounmks, n pksnr bk kstnr kl mn supkrcaoak, su nmturn kstî pjr
bjlbk km praekr pnsj ks km altkepkrasej, ojltalunlbj ojl mn
bkhngj bkm lavkm bkm enr.
trnlspjrtnoaÿl y bkpÿsatj bkm entkranm.
 
[HAONOAßL
[HAONOAßL BK MJ_ PX ALOAPNMK_
ALOAPNMK_ XKMAKSK _ K L KM E[LBJ
E[LBJ Q
 N F K LRK _ K X J_ AS J_  EÁ TA
TAOOJ

 NF[N7 Pmuvanm (mmuvan), Cmuvanm (råjs), Enraln (jmkngk), Fmnoanm (dakmj) y KL KM E[LBJ7
Iîrstaon (ojrrakltks suhtkrrîlkns).
>. Nmpks (ojrbammkrn) - Nmpks
Nmpks - Atnman, Crnloan,
Crnloan, _uazn (Kurjpn)
KßMAON7 vakltj, sjhrktjbj kl mufnrks ojl ksonsn j lumn vkfktnoaÿl.
8. Nmpks Nmhnlksks (ojrbammkrn) - Nmpks Balîraojs - Nmhnlan (Kurjpn)
SASJ_7 Nlaenmks, Pmnltns y Duenljs.
_KXK_ SASJ_7 Nlaenmks,
?. Nmpks Nustrnmanljs (ojrbammkrn) - Frnl Ojrbammkrn Bavasjran - Nustrnman
(Joknlån)
J X A F K L B K M N _ X JO
JO N _ 7 X K MN
MN O A L OJ
O J L C JX
JX E
ENN O A L BK
BK
 EAL K X N MK _ Q _ [K MJ _ 2. Nmpks Hkrlksks (ojrbammkrn) - Nmpks - _uazn (Kurjpn)

;. Nmpks bkm Bkmcalnbj (ojrbammkrn) - Crnloan (Kurjpn)

Bksbk km pultj bk vastn fkjmÿfaoj, mns rjons sjl prjbuotj bk mn ulaÿl 3. Nmpks bkm Snmnas (ojrbammkrn) - _uazn, Atnman (Kurjpn)
lnturnm bk ulj j vnrajs ealkrnmks, sjl aljrfîlaons, ojl uln
ojepjsaoaÿl quåeaon vnranhmk, nejrcns y prjbuotj bk prjoksjs 6. Nmpks Balîraojs (ojrbammkrn) - Nmhnlan, Ksmjvklan, Orjnoan (Kurjpn)
fkjmÿfaojs. _k omnsacaonl kl7
4. Nmpks Lkjzkmnlbksks (ojrbammkrn) - Lukvn Wkmnlbn (Joknlån)
 ÅFLKN_7 _k cjrenl n pnrtar bkm entkranm culbabj quk sk klcrån y 1. Nmpks Pklaljs (ojrbammkrn) - Nmpks - _uazn, Atnman (Kurjpn)
sjmabacaon.
 _KBAEKLRNXAN7   _jl prjbuotj bk mn crnfekltnoaÿl,
_KBAEKLRNXAN7 >0. Nlbk (ojrbammkrn) - Odamk, Nrfkltaln, Hjmavan (Neáraon bkm _ur)

trnlspjrtnoaÿl, noueumnoaÿl y skbaekltnoaÿl

skbaekltnoaÿl bk jtrns rjons.
rjons. >>. Npnmnodks (ojrbammkrn) - Kstnbjs [labjs, Onlnbî (Neáraon bkm Ljrtk)
 EKRNEßXCAON_7  _ucrkl bk cukrtks onehajs pjrquk kstîl
EKRNEßXCAON_7 
kxpukstns n frnlbks prksajlks y nmtns tkepkrnturns, su jrafkl >8. Oîuonsj (sastken) - Xusan, Fkjrfan, Nzkrhnagîl (Nsan)
pukbk skr bk rjons åflkns j skbaekltnrans, k alomusj bk jtrns
>?. Ojrbammkrn Onltîhraon (ojrbammkrn) - Kspnþn (Kurjpn)
ektneÿrcaons.
>2. Ojrbammkrn bk Nmnsin (ojrbammkrn) - Kstnbjs [labjs (Neáraon bkm Ljrtk)
 Nm bksaltkfrnsk, mns rjons cjrenl
cjrenl backrkltks tapjs
tapjs bk sukmjs7 >;. Ojrbammkrn bk Funlnonstk (ojrbammkrn) - Ojstn Xaon (Neáraon Okltrnm)

  NXKLJ_J_7 _jl eîs sukmtjs, sal kehnrfj, ojlskrvnl ekljs >3. Ojrbammkrn bk Mn Pnz (ojrbammkrn) - Hjmavan (Neáraon bkm _ur)

lutrakltks y nfun. >6. Ojrbammkrn bk Eárabn (ojrbammkrn) - Nlbks - Sklkzukmn (Neáraon bkm _ur)
 NOXAMMJ_J_7  Raklkl uln tkxturn eîs caln, sjl eîs
_[KMJ_ NOXAMMJ_J_7 
cártamks quk mjs nrkljsjs, pkrj sk
sk bacaoumtnl pnrn trnhngnr ounlbj >4. Ojrbammkrn bk _nalt Kmans (ojrbammkrn) - Kstnbjs [labjs, Onlnbî (Neáraon
kstîl skojs y sk vukmvkl hnrrjsjs ounlbj sk snturnl bk nfun, Okltrnm bkm Ljrtk)
lj brklnl ojl cnoamabnb pkrj så funrbnl lutrakltks.
 lj brklnl ojl cnoamabnb pkrj så funrbnl lutrakltks. >1. Ojrbammkrn bk Rnmnenlon (ojrbammkrn) - Ojstn Xaon, Pnlneî (Neáraon
 MAEJ_J_7 Kstîl cjrenbjs pjr pnrtåoumns bk tnenþj altkrekbaj, Okltrnm)
cjrenl tkrrjlks quk sk pukbkl rjepkr ounlbj kstîl skojs, pkrj
80. Ojrbammkrn Crjltnm (ojrbammkrn) - Ejltnþns Xjojsns - Kstnbjs [labjs
pkreatkl km pnsj bkm nfun, sjl cártamks y cîoamks bk trnhngnr. 
trnhngnr.  (Neáraon bkm Ljrtk)

[HAONOAßL BK MJ_ PXALOAPNMK_ QNOAEAKLRJ

[HAONOAßL QNOAEAKLRJ__ BK
K L E TA OJ
OJ 7
   EAL K X N MK _ K L K M E[LBJ
E[L BJ Q EÁ TAO J
>. _akrrn bk Hngn
Hn gn Onmacjrlan.
K l km eulbj7
eulbj7
8. _akrrn Enbrk Jooabkltnm.
 Km praekr prjbuotjr praloapnm bk jrj ks odaln. ?. _akrrn Enbrk Jrakltnm.
 Km praekr prjbuotjr bk pmntn ks Eáxaoj.
 Km praekr prjbuotjr bk ojhrk ks Odamk. 2. Kgk Lkjvjmoîlaoj j Cngn Sjmoîlaon Rrnlsekxaonln.
 Km praekr prjbuotjr bk pmjej ks Odaln. ;. _akrrn Enbrk bkm _ur.
 Odaln. 
Km praekr prjbuotjr bk ejmahbklj ks Odaln. 
 Km praekr prjbuotjr bk zalo ks Odaln. 3. _akrrn Enbrk bk Odanpns.
 Km praekr prjbuotjr bk kstnþj ks Odaln. 6. Mmnlurn bk _jljrn.
 Km praekr prjbuotjr bk dakrrj ks Odaln.
4. _akrrns y mmnlurns bkm ljrtk.
K l Eáxaoj7
Eáxaoj7 1. Frnl mmnlurn bk Ljrtkneáraon.
Ljrtkneáraon.
 _umcurjs Ensavjs Sumonljfklátaojs7 _nl Laojmîs (Burnlfj), >0. Eksktn bkm okltrj.
Crnloasoj A Enbkrj (Wnontkons).
>>. Mmnlurn ojstkrn bkm Fjmcj bkm Ljrtk.
 Bkpÿsatjs skbaekltnraj-kxdnmntavjs7
skbaekltnraj-kxdnmntavjs7 Ejmnlfj (Dabnmfj), Km Hjmkj
(Hngn Onmacjrlan _ur). >8. Mmnlurn ojstkrn bkm Fjmcj bkm _ur.
 Bkpÿsatjs bk dakrrj tapj AJOF7 Pkþn Ojmjrnbn (Ojmaen). >?. Ojrbammkrn Okltrjnekraonln.


Bkpÿsatjs kl cmujratn
bkpÿsatjs bk rjons onrhjlntnbns
okmk statn bk tapj
y okmkstatn _nlEassassappa
Muas PjtjsåSnmmky7 frnlbks
n Ojnduamn. >2. Pklålsumn bk Quontîl.

 Bkpÿsatjs bk ojhrk kl onpns rjgns j rkb-hkbs7 Mns Safns

(Odadundun).

 Pkfentatns bk kmkekltjs rnrjs7 Duatza y Rkmaxtmndunon (Jnxnon). 

 Bkpÿsatjs bk kstnþj kl pmnokrks
pmnokrks j  j nsjoanbjs
n vktns
vktns kstnllåckrns
 kstnllåckrns kl rajmatns7 kltrk Ojlktj bk Ojejlcjrt y
_npajrås (Burnlfj) y jtrns mjonmabnbks bk Burnlfj, Wnontkons y
 Nfunsonmakltks.
 Bkpÿsatjs bk tjpnoaj kl Bjejs rajmåtaojs7
rajmåtaojs7 Rkpktntk (_nl Muas
Pjtjså).