Documentos de Académico
Documentos de Profesional
Documentos de Cultura
Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease, Global strategy for the diagnosis, management and
prevention of choronic obstructive pulmonary disease, 2022 Report; https://goldcopd.org/2022-gold-reports-2/
La EPOC es una enfermedad común, prevenible y tratable que se
caracteriza por síntomas respiratorios persistentes y limitación del
flujo aéreo que se debe a anomalías de las vías respiratorias y/o
alveolares generalmente causadas por una exposición significativa a
partículas o gases nocivos e influenciada por factores del huésped
incluyendo el desarrollo anormal de los pulmones.
Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease, Global strategy for the diagnosis, management and
prevention of choronic obstructive pulmonary disease, 2022 Report; https://goldcopd.org/2022-gold-reports-2/
EPOC: subtipos
Bronquitis crónica
• tos productiva crónica durante tres meses en cada uno de dos años sucesivos en un paciente en el que se
han excluido otras causas de tos crónica (p. ej., bronquiectasias)
Enfisema
• Cambios estructurales que se asocian con la EPOC. Estos cambios incluyen agrandamiento anormal y
permanente de los espacios aéreos distales a los bronquiolos terminales que se acompaña de destrucción
de las paredes del espacio aéreo, sin fibrosis evidente.
Asma
• Trastorno inflamatorio crónico de las vías respiratorias en el que intervienen muchas células y elementos
celulares. La inflamación crónica está asociada con la capacidad de respuesta de las vías respiratorias que
conduce a episodios de sibilancias, dificultad para respirar, opresión en el pecho y tos, especialmente por
la noche o temprano en la mañana Estos episodios generalmente se asocian con una obstrucción
generalizada, pero variable, del flujo de aire dentro del pulmón que a menudo es reversible ya sea
espontáneamente o con tratamiento
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: Definition, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and staging, UpToDate, Aug 2022
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: Definition, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and staging, UpToDate, Aug 2022
Humo
de Contaminación
atmosférica
Exposición laboral
tabaco
Crecimiento y
desarrollo
Factores genéticos Edad y sexo
pulmonares
inadecuado
Asma e
Posición hiperreactividad Infecciones
socioeconómica bronquial
Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease, Global strategy for the diagnosis, management and
prevention of choronic obstructive pulmonary disease, 2022 Report; https://goldcopd.org/2022-gold-reports-2/
Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease, Global strategy for the diagnosis, management and
prevention of choronic obstructive pulmonary disease, 2022 Report; https://goldcopd.org/2022-gold-reports-2/
Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease, Global strategy for the diagnosis, management and
prevention of choronic obstructive pulmonary disease, 2022 Report; https://goldcopd.org/2022-gold-reports-2/
Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease, Global strategy for the diagnosis, management and
prevention of choronic obstructive pulmonary disease, 2022 Report; https://goldcopd.org/2022-gold-reports-2/
Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease, Global strategy for the diagnosis, management and
prevention of choronic obstructive pulmonary disease, 2022 Report; https://goldcopd.org/2022-gold-reports-2/
Diagnóstico
• Considerar laEspirometría que
posibilidad de demuestre
EPOC una limitación
en pacientes del flujo
con disnea, de
tos crónica
o producciónaire [FEV
de esputo 1/FVC] inferior a 0,7 de
y/o antecedentes o inferior al límite
exposición inferiorde
a factores
normal
riesgo de la enfermedad.
• Es necesaria una espirometría
Ausencia para establecer
de una explicación el diagnóstico
alternativa en este
para los síntomas
contexto clínico
y la FEV1 /FVC
limitación del posbroncodilatador
flujo de aire <0,70 confirma
EPOC en los pacientes con los síntomas apropiados y exposiciones
relevantes a los estímulos nocivos
• A pesar de suRepetir
buena la espirometría
sensibilidad, la en una ocasión
medición separada
del flujo para
espiratorio
demostrar
máximo no puede usarsela por
persistencia
sí sola dedemanera
la limitación
fiable del flujo
como de aire
única
prueba diagnóstica, debido a su débil especificidad.
Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease, Global strategy for the diagnosis, management and
prevention of choronic obstructive pulmonary disease, 2022 Report; https://goldcopd.org/2022-gold-reports-2/
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: Definition, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and staging, UpToDate, Aug 2022
Laboratorio
• BH
• proBNP
• Perfil renal y metabólico
• GSA
Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease, Global strategy for the diagnosis, management and
prevention of choronic obstructive pulmonary disease, 2022 Report; https://goldcopd.org/2022-gold-reports-2/
Rx de tórax
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: Definition, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and staging, UpToDate, Aug 2022
TC de tórax
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: Definition, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and staging, UpToDate, Aug 2022
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: Definition, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and staging, UpToDate, Aug 2022
Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease, Global strategy for the diagnosis, management and
prevention of choronic obstructive pulmonary disease, 2022 Report; https://goldcopd.org/2022-gold-reports-2/
Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease, Global strategy for the diagnosis, management and
prevention of choronic obstructive pulmonary disease, 2022 Report; https://goldcopd.org/2022-gold-reports-2/
Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease, Global strategy for the diagnosis, management and
prevention of choronic obstructive pulmonary disease, 2022 Report; https://goldcopd.org/2022-gold-reports-2/
Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease, Global strategy for the diagnosis, management and
prevention of choronic obstructive pulmonary disease, 2022 Report; https://goldcopd.org/2022-gold-reports-2/
Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease, Global strategy for the diagnosis, management and
prevention of choronic obstructive pulmonary disease, 2022 Report; https://goldcopd.org/2022-gold-reports-2/
Tratamiento
DEJAR DE FUMAR
Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease, Global strategy for the diagnosis, management and
prevention of choronic obstructive pulmonary disease, 2022 Report; https://goldcopd.org/2022-gold-reports-2/
Global Initiative for Chronic
Obstructive Lung Disease, Global
strategy for the diagnosis,
management and prevention of
choronic obstructive pulmonary
disease, 2022 Report;
https://goldcopd.org/2022-gold-
© 2022 Global Initiative for Chronic
reports-2/ Obstructive Lung Disease
Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease, Global strategy for the diagnosis, management and
prevention of choronic obstructive pulmonary disease, 2022 Report; https://goldcopd.org/2022-gold-reports-2/
Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease, Global strategy for the diagnosis, management and
prevention of choronic obstructive pulmonary disease, 2022 Report; https://goldcopd.org/2022-gold-reports-2/
Global Initiative for Chronic
Obstructive Lung Disease,
Global strategy for the
diagnosis, management and
prevention of choronic
obstructive pulmonary disease,
2022 Report;
https://goldcopd.org/2022-
gold-reports-2/
Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease, Global strategy for the diagnosis, management and
prevention of choronic obstructive pulmonary disease, 2022 Report; https://goldcopd.org/2022-gold-reports-2/
Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease, Global strategy for the diagnosis, management and
prevention of choronic obstructive pulmonary disease, 2022 Report; https://goldcopd.org/2022-gold-reports-2/
Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease, Global strategy for the diagnosis, management and
prevention of choronic obstructive pulmonary disease, 2022 Report; https://goldcopd.org/2022-gold-reports-2/
Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease, Global strategy for the diagnosis, management and
prevention of choronic obstructive pulmonary disease, 2022 Report; https://goldcopd.org/2022-gold-reports-2/
Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease, Global strategy for the diagnosis, management and
prevention of choronic obstructive pulmonary disease, 2022 Report; https://goldcopd.org/2022-gold-reports-2/
Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease, Global strategy for the diagnosis, management and
prevention of choronic obstructive pulmonary disease, 2022 Report; https://goldcopd.org/2022-gold-reports-2/
Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease, Global strategy for the diagnosis, management and
prevention of choronic obstructive pulmonary disease, 2022 Report; https://goldcopd.org/2022-gold-reports-2/
Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease, Global strategy for the diagnosis, management and
prevention of choronic obstructive pulmonary disease, 2022 Report; https://goldcopd.org/2022-gold-reports-2/