EMBARAZO

¿Qué es?, Síntomas, Pruebas medicas, Causa,

¿Se puede prevenir?, Fases del embarazo,
Riesgos, Tipo de parto y ¿Qué especialista lo
trata?.
 ¿Qué es?

Es el estado fisiológico de una mujer el cual

inicia con la concepción del feto, después inicia
el desarrollo fetal hasta el momento del parto.
Este periodo se divide en 40 semanas y dura
280 días. En condiciones especiales el parto
puede tener lugar antes de lo previsto, a esto
se le conoce como parto prematuro.
 Síntomas
.

Falta de menstruación Cambios alimentarios

Congestión nasal
.
Dolor de cabeza

Leve manchado Cambios de humor

.

Estos son algunos síntomas aunque en algunas ocasiones suelen confundirse con
otros padecimientos por lo que es recomendable consultar a un especialista.
 Pruebas medicas

Para confirmar el. embarazo, se mide una

hormona llamada gonadotropina corionica
humana la cual se detecta en la sangre y orina de
la embarazadas a 10 días después de la
concepción. Se pueden realizar 2 tipos de
pruebas.

• Prueba de sangre

• Prueba de orina
Pruebas medicas extras
Después de confirmar el embarazo se debe realizar una serie de
pruebas para corroborar que el feto se desarrolla de manera
correcta.
Ω Ecografía: Se realiza de forma periódica para
obtener el desarrollo del feto, mas concretamente
detectar malformaciones a tiempo si es que
existen.

Ω Amniocentesis: Para determinar la presencia

de irregularidades cromosómicas en el feto.

Ω Test de O´Sullivan: Se realiza a las 24-28

semanas de gestación para verificar la
glucosa en la sangre.
 Causa
Para que suceda la concepción, el liquido seminal masculino debe
introducirse en el tracto reproductivo de la mujer de esta manera los
espermatozoides que contiene el liquido seminal pasan al canal del
cuello uterino hasta llegar a las trompas de Falopio de esta manera el
ovulo liberado por los ovarios se encuentra en las trompas de Falopio y
una vez fecundado por los espermatozoides este enfrenta una serie de
divisiones celulares a medida que se desplaza hacia el útero. Donde se
adhiere y penetra en su pared conocida como el endometrio, a partir de
este momento comienza el desarrollo del feto.
 ¿Se puede prevenir?

01 El condon

02 Parche

03 Dispositivo
intrauterino

Estos son algunos métodos anticonceptivos con los cuales se puede evitar el embarazo.
 Fases del embarazo
En esta primera etapa la mujer
sufre muchos cambios
hormonales los cuales
provocan diversos síntomas, la
mujer puede presentar
demasiados síntomas o
simplemente no tener ninguna
molestia. El bebe se comienza
a desarrollar, su corazón
comienza a latir, sus brazos y
piernas crecen y al final de
este ya puede conocerse el
sexo del bebe.
Esta es una de las etapas
mas llevaderas ya que por lo
regular las nauseas
desaparecen y el cuerpo se
acostumbra a los cambios
hormonales , el abdomen
empieza a crecer. De igual
manera los órganos del bebe
se comienzan a formarse y la
madre comienza a sentir al
bebe ya que este ya puede
succionar, rascarse, oir y
tragar.
Esta es la ultima etapa del embarazo, el
bebe crece aceleradamente este acumula
tejido graso comienza a hacer presión
sobre la vejiga y el estomago, la madre
posiblemente tendrá que comer porciones
reducidas y necesite orinar con mayor
frecuencia. Con el aumento del peso
abdominal pueden aparecer dolores en el
hueso púbico, área lumbar o la ingle. El
bebe patea con fuerza aunque en las
ultimas semanas ya no tendrá espacio para
moverse, los pulmones completan su
desarrollo y a la semana 37 el bebe esta
 Riesgos en el embarazo

Liquido amniotico Sangrado Embarazo ectopico Aborto espontaneo

Demasiado o muy
poco de este liquido El sangrado durante Es aquel en el cual el Es la perdida del
puede causar graves la ultima etapa del feto se desarrolla fuera embarazo que se
complicaciones si embarazo puede del útero esto puede presenta hasta las 20
sobra liquido puede acarrear ocurrir ya sea en las semanas de
causar mucha complicaciones en la trompas de Falopio, el gestación, la mayoría
presión en el útero placenta, una canal del útero o la suele ocurrir a las 12
de la madre y esto infección vaginal o de cavidad pélvica (vientre). semanas se deben a
traería un parto cuello del útero o un La causa generalmente anormalidades
prematuro de igual parto prematuro. Las es el tejido cicatricial de genéticas o
manera puede mujeres que sangran la trompa de Falopio a cromosómicas.
presionar el en la ultima etapa raíz de una infección o Los síntomas suelen
diafragma y causar suelen tener un una enfermedad. El ser sangrado ligero y
dificultades mayor riesgo como riesgo aumenta en cólicos fuertes . Esto
respiratorias. Estos perder al feto o mujeres que se se puede confirmar
se acumulan en caso experimentar un sometieron a la ligadura con una ecografía o
de embarazo sangrado excesivo . de trompas antes de los una prueba de
multiple ,etc. 30 años. sangre
Liquido amniótico Sangrado

Embarazo ectópico Aborto espontaneo

 Riesgos del embarazo
Desprendimiento prematuro
de la placenta
Algunas veces la
placenta se separa
de la pared uterina
esto puede ser total
o parcial esto
ocasiona sangrado,
menor cantidad de
oxigeno y nutrientes
enviados al feto.
Esto es mas común
en mujeres
fumadoras,
hipertensión o
embarazo múltiple.
Los síntomas
dependen del grado
de separación.
Placenta previa Preeclampsia
Como ya sabemos la Antes conocida como
placenta se toxemia, se
encuentra ubicada caracteriza por la
en la parte superior hipertensión en el
del útero en esta embarazo. Se
afección la placenta presenta junto con
se encuentra proteína en la orina,
adherida cerca del a veces también
cuello del útero o lo hinchazón debido a
cubre, se presenta la retención de
mas en mujeres con líquidos puede
cicatrices por ocasionar
embarazos convulsiones, coma e
anteriores, con incluso la muerte.
fibromas o otros
problemas en el
útero.
Desprendimiento de Placenta previa Preeclampsia
placenta
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