SEMINARIO 4:

MENDELISMO
Yascila Vilchez
Meyumi Asto
Ivonne Cabrera
Ivett Laveriano
Valeria Guzmán
01 INTRODUCCIÓN
Yascila Vilchez
 PRIMERA LEY DE

02 MENDEL
Yascila Vilchez
 SEGUNDA LEY DE

03 MENDEL
Meyumi Asto
 CROMOSOMAS

04 SEXUALES
Meyumi Asto
 MENDELISMO

05 COMPLEJO
Ivonne Cabrera
MENDELISMO COMPLEJO

• Existen muchas situaciones en las que se producen cambios en las

segregaciones mendelianas
• Veremos a las que se deben a factores múltiples:

Localizaciones especiales de los genes

Interacciones entre parejas de genes

 GENES DEL
SEGMENTO
DIFERENCIAL DEL
CROMOSOMA X
GENES DEL SEGMENTO DIFERENCIAL DEL CROMOSOMA X

gen
SEGMENTO DIFERENCIAL los cruces recíprocos entre líneas puras
DEL CROMOSOMA X no son iguales en cuanto a su descendencia

HERENCIA • Uno de los cruces produce una F1 uniforme y

CRUZADA
• El otro produce hijos machos (m) del mismo fenotipo

que su madre e hijos hembras (f) del mismo fenotipo

que su padre.

GALLINAS LISTADAS DE BATESON

 GALLINAS LISTADAS DE BATESON

William Bateson realizó cruzamientos entre dos estirpes de gallina con un plumaje claramente
diferenciado:

• Raza Langshan Black  de plumaje negro liso

• Raza Plymouth Rock barrada  con plumaje a rayas muy
característico

https://www.ucm.es/data/cont/media/www/pag-56185/14-Mendelismo%20complejo.pdf
 GALLINAS LISTADAS DE BATESON

plumaje listado (L) y una gallina de plumaje liso (l)

L>l
https://www.ucm.es/data/cont/media/www/pag-56185/14-Mendelismo%20complejo.pdf
 DROSOPHILIA MELANOGANSTER Thomas Hunt Morgan

• ojos blancos (w)

• ojos rojos (w+)

3:1
https://www.ucm.es/data/cont/media/www/pag-56185/14-Mendelismo%20complejo.pdf
 GATOS PERSAS CALICO

• Produce el color negro o naranja en el pelaje de los gatos

persas de la raza Calico o la Tortoishell (concha de tortuga).
• Los machos son negros o anaranjados, dependiendo de
cuál sea el alelo que hayan recibido de su madre.
• Las hembras, en cambio pueden ser negras, anaranjadas o
ambas cosas a la vez, mostrando un complicado mosaico de
manchas de uno y otro color

https://www.ucm.es/data/cont/media/www/pag-56185/14-Mendelismo%20complejo.pdf
 GENES RECESIVOS

06
LIGADOS AL SEGMENTO
DIFERENCIAL DEL
CROMOSOMA X

Ivonne Cabrera
HUMANOS

En los humanos  existen muchos genes situados en el segmento diferencial del cromosoma
X.

Criterio para reconocer genes recesivos ligados al sexo es:

1 ) El fenotipo es más común en machos que en hembras.
2) Los hijos varones de un hombre afectado no suelen estar afectados y el gen
se pierde en esa línea.

*Sin embargo, las hijas (mujeres) son portadoras del gen y, por tanto, la mitad de sus hijos
 HUMANOS – CASO TÍPICO

herencia cruzada

Hijos afectados

https://www.ucm.es/data/cont/media/www/pag-56185/14-Mendelismo%20complejo.pdf
 HEMOFILIA

17
https://www.ucm.es/data/cont/media/www/pag-56185/14-Mendelismo%20complejo.pdf
 GEN HEMOFILIA

• produce un factor de coagulación que está ausente en los individuos

afectados
• 100% letal en mujeres

• Transfusión
• Factor de coagulación
(ingeniería genética)

https://www.amtcba.org.ar/hemofilia-una-batalla-de-madres-e-hijos/
 GEN HEMOFILIA

https://www.ucm.es/data/cont/media/www/pag-56185/14-Mendelismo%20complejo.pdf
 DALTONISMO

20
https://www.testdaltonismo.com/
 DALTONISMO

• Daltonismo o ceguera a los colores

• Más común: incapacidad para distinguir el color rojo y el verde

58, 18, E, 17

https://medlineplus.gov/spanish/ency/esp_imagepages/9962.htm
 DISTROFIA
MUSCULAR
DE
DUCHENNE

22
https://www.testdaltonismo.com/
 ENF. DE DUCHENNE

• Letal y frecuente
• Anomalía en un gen que codifica una proteína muscular: DISTROFINA
• Síntomas: a partir de los 6años
 pérdida de masa muscular en pelvis y piernas
 paciente en silla de ruedas
 falta de soporte: huesos desarrollan anormalmente
 debilidad ósea y muscular  afectan respiración y músculo cardiaco
(a veces: deterioro intelectual)

https://medlineplus.gov/spanish/ency/esp_imagepages/9962.htm
 FEMINIZACIÓN
TESTICULAR

24
https://www.testdaltonismo.com/
 FEMINIZACIÓN TESTICULAR

• Producido por un alelo recesivo ligado al segmento diferencial del

cromosoma X que provoca insensibilidad del tejido gonadal a la acción
de la testosterona.
• La "niña" desarrolla todos los caracteres sexuales secundarios femeninos
salvo por el detalle de que no tiene menstruación.
• Provoca esterilidad porque los testículos siguen siendo testículos y no se
transforman en ovarios.

Los individuos afectados son mujeres normales y sanas (con cromosomas XY).

https://medlineplus.gov/spanish/ency/esp_imagepages/9962.htm
 GENES DOMINANTES

07
LIGADOS AL SEGMENTO
DIFERENCIAL DEL
CROMOSOMA X

Ivett Laveriano
08
GENES RECESIVOS
LIGADOS AL
CROMOSOMA Y

Ivett Laveriano
09 CODOMINANCIA

Valeria Guzmán
10
ACCIÓN CONJUNTA DE
VARIOS GENES
EPISTASIAS
Valeria Guzmán
ABOUT THE PROJECT

MARS NEPTUNE

Despite being red, Neptune is the farthest

Mars is a cold place planet from the Sun

JUPITER SATURN

Jupiter is a gas giant Saturn is composed

and the biggest one mostly of hydrogen
 ABOUT THE
PROJECT
Mercury is the closest planet to the Sun
and the smallest one in the Solar System
—it’s only a bit larger than the Moon
“ This is a quote. Words full of wisdom
that someone important said and can
make the reader get inspired

-SOMEONE FAMOUS
PROJECT PROPOSAL

MERCURY JUPITER VENUS

Mercury is the closest planet Jupiter is a gas giant and the Venus has a beautiful name
to the Sun biggest planet

MARS SATURN NEPTUNE

Despite being red, Mars is a Saturn is composed mostly Neptune is the farthest
cold place of hydrogen planet from the Sun
 PROJECT SCHEDULE

JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN

PHASE 1
Jan. 1 - Feb. 28

Task 1
Jan. 1 - Jan. 31
Task 2
Feb. 1 - Mar. 31
CHECKLIST

OPTION A OPTION B OPTION C OPTION D

Task 1

Task 2

Task 3

Task 4
 PROJECT TIMELINE

1 2 3 4

MERCURY MARS JUPITER VENUS

Mercury is the closest Despite being red, Jupiter is the biggest Venus has a beautiful
planet to the Sun Mars is actually a cold planet in the Solar name, but it’s terribly
place System hot
FEATURED PROJECTS

NEPTUNE VENUS
Neptune is the farthest planet Venus has a beautiful name, but
from the Sun it’s terribly hot
80%
Big numbers catch your
audience’s attention
KPI DASHBOARD

TASK 1

TASK 2

TASK 3

If you want to modify this graph, click on it, follow the link, change the
data and replace it
OUR NUMBERS

50% 25%
MARS VENUS
Despite being red, Mars Venus has a beautiful
is a cold place name

35% 65%
JUPITER NEPTUNE
Jupiter is a gas giant and Neptune is the farthest
the biggest one planet
AWESOME
WORDS
STATUS REPORT

SCHEDULE The project schedule is on track

RESOURCING Resourcing is adequate

BUDGET Project is within budget

RISKS All project risks are under control

ISSUES Project issues need to be solved

BENEFITS Project benefits do not meet the expectations

RAID SUMMARY

RISK ASSUMPTIONS
Despite being red, Mars is a cold Mercury is the closest planet to the
place Sun

ISSUES DEPENDENCIES
Venus has a beautiful name, but it’s Jupiter is the biggest planet in the
terribly hot Solar System
 WHERE WE ARE WHERE WE WANT TO BE
Venus has a beautiful name, but it’s very Mercury is the closest planet to the Sun
hot and the smallest one
BUDGET

MARS
Despite being red, Mars
is a cold place

VENUS
Venus has a beautiful
name

If you want to modify this graph, click on it, follow the link, change the
data and replace it
SNEAK PEEK

Neptune is the farthest planet in the

Solar System. It’s the fourth-largest
by diameter and the densest
 UPCOMING
EVENTS
MARS
14
Despite being red, Mars
FEB
is actually a cold place

VENUS
23
Venus has a beautiful APR
name, but it’s terribly hot
 PLACES WHERE WE ARE

Task 1
Task 2
Task 3
GRACIAS
CREDITS: This presentation template was created by Slidesgo, including icons by Flaticon,
and infographics & images by Freepik
 ALTERNATIVE RESOURCES
Here’s an assortment of alternative pictures within the same style of
this template.

● Portrait female working

● High angle woman working on laptop
● High angle womens at office working
● High angle females working
● Portrait female at office
● Smiley womens at office
 RESOURCES
Did you like the resources on this template? Get them for free at our
other websites.

VECTORS
● Messenger app for mobile in flat style
● Set of business brochure concept

PHOTOGRAPHY
● Low angle womens team meeting
● Womens at office working together
● Low angle womens at office
 Instructions for use
In order to use this template, you must credit Slidesgo by keeping the Thanks slide.

You are allowed to:

- Modify this template.
- Use it for both personal and commercial projects.

You are not allowed to:

- Sublicense, sell or rent any of Slidesgo Content (or a modified version of Slidesgo Content).
- Distribute Slidesgo Content unless it has been expressly authorized by Slidesgo.
- Include Slidesgo Content in an online or offline database or file.
- Offer Slidesgo templates (or modified versions of Slidesgo templates) for download.
- Acquire the copyright of Slidesgo Content.

For more information about editing slides, please read our FAQs:
https://slidesgo.com/faqs
 Fonts & colors used
This presentation has been made using the following fonts:

Montserrat
(https://fonts.google.com/specimen/Montserrat)

#ffc800 #75c4c0 #27316f

 Stories by Freepik
Create your Story with our illustrated concepts. Choose the style you like the most, edit its colors, pick
the background and layers you want to be visible and bring them to life with the animator panel. It will
boost your presentation for sure! Check out how it works.

Pana Amico Bro Rafiki

 Use our editable graphic resources...
You can easily resize these resources without losing quality. To change the color, just ungroup the resource
and click on the object you want to change. Then, click on the paint bucket and select the color you want.
Group the resource again when you’re done. You can also look for more infographics on Slidesgo.
 JANUARY FEBRUARY MARCH APRIL MAY JUNE

PHASE 1

Task 1

Task 2

PHASE 2

Task 1

Task 2

JANUARY FEBRUARY MARCH APRIL

PHASE
1

Task 1

Task 2
 ...and our sets of editable icons
You can resize these icons without losing quality.
You can change the stroke and fill color; just select the icon and click on the paint bucket/pen.
In Google Slides, you can also use Flaticon’s extension, allowing you to customize and add even more icons.
Educational Icons Medical Icons
Business Icons Teamwork Icons
Help & Support Icons Avatar Icons
Creative Process Icons Performing Arts Icons
Nature Icons
SEO & Marketing Icons