UNIVERSIDAD DE ORIENTE

NÚCLEO DE ANZOATEGUI
DPTO. DE HUMANIDADES Y CS. SOCIALES

UNIDAD 2 HORAS:
FORMAS IMPERSONALES CON IT
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OBJETIVOS ESPECÍFICOS 2

1.- Identificar las construcciones impersonales en voz activa con IT en posición de sujeto.
2.- Reconocer las construcciones impersonales en voz pasiva con IT en posición de sujeto.
3.- Interpretar correctamente las construcciones impersonales (activas y pasivas) introducidas
con IT de acuerdo con el contenido de las lecturas.

CONTENIDO

1.- Construcciones impersonales en voz activa introducidas con IT:

1.1.- It + is + adjetivo + to + verbo…

Ejemplos: It is possible to measure temperature changes.

It is important to lock the door when you leave.
It is difficult to see the results of this project this year.

Esta construcción tiene las siguientes variantes:

1.1.1.- It + is + adjetivo + to + verbo + that…

Ejemplos: It is important to recognize that...

It is important to note that...

1.1.2.- It + is + not + adjetivo + to + verbo + that…

Ejemplo: It is not unreasonable to suggest that...

1.1.3.- It + is ( adverbio) + adjetivo + ___ing + that…

Ejemplo: It is also worth noting that...

1.2.- It + auxiliar modal + be + adjetivo + to + verbo…
Ejemplo: It will be necessary to use high quality materials.

Esta construcción tiene las siguientes variante:

1.2.1.- It + auxiliar modal + verbo + adjetivo + that...

Ejemplo: It would seem clear that...

1.2.2.- It + auxiliar modal + verbo + _____ ing + to + verbo + that...

Ejemplo: It may seem surprising to say that…

1.3.- It + verbo + adjetivo + to + verbo…

Ejemplo: It seems essential to perform this work.

Esta construcción tiene la siguiente variante:

1.3.1.- It + verbo + that…

Ejemplo: It seems that...

1.4.- It + is (not) + adjetivo + that…

Ejemplos: It is evident that these currents will generate heat in the core.

It is likely that... Es probable que...

It is unlikely that... Es poco probable que...
It is possible that... Es posible que...
It is clear that... Está claro que..
It is significant that... Es significativo que ...
It is noteworthy that... Es de destacar que ..
It is not likely that... No es probable que ..
It is not clear that... No está claro que ...

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Esta construcción tiene las siguientes variantes:

1.4.1.- It + is (adverbio) + adjetivo + ____ ing + that…

Ejemplos:

It is (also) clear that... Está (también) claro que la ...

It is pointing out that... Es de señalar que...
It is worth pointing out that... Vale la pena señalar que...

1.4.2.- It + is + not + adjetivo /____ing + (adverbio) +that…

Ejemplos:

It is not essential (therefore,) that... No es esencial (por lo tanto,) que ..

It is not surprising (then,) that... No es sorprendente (entonces,) que ...

1.4.3.- It + is + not + adjetivo /____ing + whether/if +that…

Ejemplo:

It is not clear if + that... No está claro si eso / aquello ...

It is not clear whether that... No está claro si eso / aquello ...

1.4.3.- It + is + not + ____ing + (adverbio) + to + verbo + that…

Ejemplo:

It is not surprising to find that… No es sorprendente encontrar que ...

2.- Construcciones impersonales en voz pasiva introducidas con IT:

2.1.- It + is (adverbio) + participio pasado + that…

Ejemplos: It is known that the gas temperature in the cylinders is constant.

Se sabe / Es sabido que la temperatura del gas en los cilindros es constante.

It is anticipated that... Se anticipa que ...

It is assumed that... Se asume que...

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 It is (often) argued that... (A menudo) se discute que ...

It is (sometimes) suggested that... (A veces) se sugiere que ...

It is considered that… Se considera que…

It is thought… Se piensa que…

It is reported that… Se piensa que…

It is said that… Se dice que…

It is supposed que… Se supone que…

Esta construcción tiene la siguiente variante:

2.1.1.- It + is + (adverbio) + to + verbo + participio pasado + that…

Ejemplo: It is only to be expected that... Se espera solamente que…

2.2.- It + auxiliar modal + be + participio pasado + that…

Ejemplos: It can be shown that there are no frictional losses in the turbine.
Se puede demostrar que no hay pérdidas por fricción en la turbina.

It can be argued that...

Es posible argumentar que...

2.3.- It + has + participio pasado + that…

Ejemplo: It has been decided that production should be begun in a few months.
Se ha decidido que la producción debe comenzar dentro de unos meses.

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Existe otro tipo de it que tiene función anticipatoria en la frase. Se trata de un it que hace referencia a un
infinitivo o un gerundio o a una frase subordinada introducida por that:
It was nice to see you again.
It’s a pity (that) you weren’t able to come to the party.
It’s important to lock the door when you leave.
It’s no use crying over spilled milk.
It’s a pity (that) you weren’t able to come to the party.
En este caso, it nos permite evitar una formulación más formal de tipo :
To see you again was nice. = It was nice to see you again.
That you weren’t able to come to the party is a pity. = It’s a pity (that) you weren’t able to come to the party.

Importante:
No podemos utilizar el pronombre it con función anticipatoria para hacer referencia a un sustantivo. Si el
sustantivo es el sujeto de la frase, tiene que ocupar la primera posición. Por lo tanto, no podemos decir
It doesn’t matter your opinion. Tenemos que decir : Your opinion doesn’t matter.

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Exercise:Translate these sentences into Spanish:

1. It’s important that we speak Spanish in class.

2. It doesn’t matter that she’s ugly.
3. It’s unlikely that she’ll get an A in algebra.
4. It’s a shame that you haven’t studied.
5. It’s necessary that my mom cooks dinner early.
6. It’s impossible that she’s met him before.
7. It’s likely that Elena will play her flute for us.
8. It’s better that we do our homework before dinner.
9. It’s probable that we’ll have a test tomorrow.
10. Is it necessary that we sleep on the couch?
11. Is it urgent that they dress well for the dance?
12. Is it possible that she won’t have fun?
13. Is it likely that those shoes will fit you?
14. It may be that your dad will build us a new house.
15. It’s a shame that your cat has run away.
16. It’s possible she’ll return tomorrow.
17. It’s important for you to say good-bye to your mom.
18. It’s important for us to return before midnight.
19. Tell Paco it’s necessary for him to arrive on time.
20. It’s likely I’ll learn the subjunctive after all this practice.
21. It seems like it’s going to rain.
22. It’s true that she’s going to Barcelona in the summer.
23. It matters that the team prepares itself well for the games.
24. It turns out that we’re going on Sunday instead of Saturday.
25. It’s obvious that Sofía has talent.

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