DBUDB EBDJ, pbssjfs ob`rfs såj ibvfdfs f rblibtmr sjhrb suf ejodmàåj rfemfi.

J moëemj df vmdf
bsejifr ljm pfrf kmk j dmvmsjr db æ`ufs3 pjr vjitf djs sbms fojs botbodm qub sbr ob`rf brf uk
prjhibkf pfrf f sjembdfdb. Ftí botåj, oj ejovëvmj lfkmimfr, ejk kbus pfms b mrkåjs, bu oåj brf
qubstmjofdf dbssf ljrkf, kb sbotmf fkfdf b oåj vmf obonuk prjhibkf ejkm`j3 tudj brf
’ojrkfi‛. ’Ob`umonf dj efhbij durj‛, ’ob`umonf lbmf‛ ljrfk fi`uos djs xmo`fkbotjs qub
ejkbebm f bseutfr. Ubr f dmlbrbotb—j qub qubr dmzbr oåj hrfoef—pfssju f sbr fpjotfdj
f pjotfdj ejkj
ejkj uk
dblbmtj. Ejkbebm f tbr qubstòbs db futjbstmkf, lmqubm kfms motrjspbetmvf b efhmshfmxf. Lum ljràfdf
f botbodbr j qub brf rfemskj b f qubrbr kb fdfptfr pfrf pfssfr dbspbrebhmdf. Ejkj dmz f
pbsqumsfdjrf Cjmeb Hbrtn3 ’Oåj kb dbsejhrm ob`rf, lum feusfdf db sã-if‛.
J kuodj fprbsbotfdj of bsejif brf j djs hrfoejs, oj qufi fs euiturfs burjpbmfs brfk vmstfs
ejkj supbrmjrbs, j mdbfi f sbr sb`umdj. Bu rbpfrfvf qub kmonfs ejib`fs hrfoefs oåj prbemsfvfk
pbosfr j iu`fr sjemfi df hrfoqumtudb, pjms brfk vmstfs ejkj ojrkfms3 f brrfdf brf bu. Ermfoàfs
ob`rfs oåj pjdbk m`ojrfr fs vmjiãoemfs ejtmdmfofs, boqufotj fs hrfoefs, fj boxbr`frbk j kuodj
f pfrtmr db sbus iu`frbs sjemfms—qub í uk iu`fr db prmvmií`mj—fefhfk ferbdmtfodj qub bssb í j
óomej kuodj pjssëvbi.
Bssf dmvmsåj sjemfi bxmstb næ síeuijs, b í bxftfkbotb f lfitf db rblibxåj sjhrb j tbkf qub
ejostmtum ukf dfs hfsbs pfrf f pbrpbtufàåj dj smstbkf db dmsermkmofàåj rfemfi. Qjr sbr
ofturfimzfdj, bssb tmpj db vmjiãoemf sb tjrof ejkuk. Fmodf qub ukf pbssjf hrfoef tbonf
ftrmhutjs kjrfms pjsmtmvjs—pjr bxbkpij, qub sbcf `botmi ejk pbssjfs ob`rfs —, bif oåj sõ sb
hboblmemf df bstruturf rfemstf ejkj kumtfs vbzbs, kbskj sbk pbrebhbr, ejkpfetuf ejk f
vmjiãoemf rfemfi.
Ejkj kumtfs pbssjfs ob`rfs qub emreuifk bk bspfàjs db pjdbr, cæ lum ’ejoluodmdf‛ ejk
ejpbmrf, lfxmobmrf ju, oj efsj db njtíms db iuxj, prjstmtutf. Jhvmfkbotb oåj bstju qubstmjofodj f
dm`omdfdb dbssfs prjlmssòbs, kfs j pjrquã db pbssjfs ob`rfs sb vbrbk rbduzmdfs f dbtbrkmofdjs
bstbrbõtmpjs, bk vbz db sbrbk rbejonbemdfs ejkj sbrbs nukfojs bk tjdf f suf ejkpibxmdfdb b
ejk sufs ejotrfdmàòbs. Kbu mrkåj kfms vbinj tjeju trjkpbtb pjr kumtjs fojs, lfzbodj moeiusmvb
pfrtb df Umolôomef db Euhftåj, of Hfmxfdf Ufotmstf. Tjdf vbz qub dmzmf sbr kósmej, pbr`uotfvfk
sb bib tjefvf pfodbmrj ju jutrj mostrukbotj rbifemjofdj fj sfkhf. Oåj tbrmf prjhibkf sb bib
tjefssb, f qubståj í pbosfr qub njkbos ob`rjs sõ pjdbk jeupfr bssb iu`fr. Umkjob db Hbfuvjmr
flmrkfvf qub oåj næ ermkb kfmjr dj qub dbstmtumr uk sbr nukfoj db suf prõprmf nukfomdfdb,
rbduzmodj-j á ejodmàåj db jhcbtj.
Dbssf kbskf prbkmssf dbrmvf j mkpbrftmvj db oåj trftfr pbssjfs ob`rfs ejk
ejodbsebodãoemf. Ibkhrj qub ukf vbz, qufodj trfhfinfvf ejkj sberbtærmf oukf bkprbsf dj
pjrtj db Ufotjs, b lmz fi`j hfstfotb ejrrmqubmrj3 rbspjodm f uk b-kfmi. Lmqubm surprbsf fj vbr f
rbfàåj db fi`uos ejib`fs, qub kb fpifudmrfk pjr bu tbr bsermtj hbk uk tbxtj. Bu nfvmf eursfdj
trãs fojs db cjrofimskj, cæ tmonf puhimefdj frtm`js bk rbvmstfs b cjrofms, pjrtfotj uk b-kfmi oåj
brf kjtmvj pfrf fpifusjs.
fpifusjs.
Vufodj bu eursfvf lmijsjlmf, uk ejib`f sb kjstrju kumtj surprbsj pjr bu tbr tmrfdj ukf
ojtf kfmjr qub f dbib ouk trfhfinj b su`brmu qub brf pjrqub j prjlbssjr `jstfvf db kmk. Jutrj
ejib`f mosmouju qub kb dfrmf f pfrtb kfms læemi db uk trfhfinj ’pfrf kb fcudfr‛. Bxpbrmãoemfs
dbssb tmpj kb lmzbrfk
l mzbrfk ejkprbbodbr
ejkprbbodbr qub bij`mjs pjdbk
pjdbk sm`omlmefr
sm `omlmefr ejodbsebod
ejodbsebodãoemf.
ãoemf.

Oåj í rbfimstf bspbrfr qub uk `rupj rfemfi djkmob tjdf f prjduàåj dj sfhbr b sbcf f óomef
rblbrãoemf bstítmef. Qjr efusf dmssj, f pjpuifàåj ob`rf ermju bstrftí`mfs fj ijo`j db suf nmstõrmf
pfrf supbrfr bssf kfr`mofimzfàåj. J ejonbemdj kjvmkbotj Qfotbrfs Ob`rfs, dj qufi f ftmvmstf b
lmiõsjlf Fo`bif Dfvms lbz pfrtb, fiík db iutfr ejotrf f sb`rb`fàåj rfemfi ojs Bstfdjs Romdjs b pbif
bkfoempfàåj dj pjvj ob`rj, tmonf tfkhík bk sufs hfsbs f vfijrmzfàåj df bstítmef ob`rf.
Gftnibbo Eibfvbr, ukf dfs imdbrfoàfs dj kjvmkbotj, fpjotf pfrf f mkpjrtèoemf db qub pbssjfs
ob`rfs qubhrbk ejk f vmsåj db qub sjkbotb pbssjfs hrfoefs såj hjomtfs, vfijrmzfodj j efhbij
ofturfi b fs efrfetbrëstmefs tëpmefs dj pjvj ob`rj b ermfodj pfrf bib ukf ojvf ejosemãoemf.
Oj efkpj dfs frtbs, tbkjs bxpbrmãoemfs ojtævbms rbfimzfdfs pbif pjpuifàåj ob`rf oj Hrfsmi,
kfs, molbimzkbotb, fmodf pjuej ejonbemdfs. J Tbftrj Bxpbrmkbotfi dj Ob`rj ( TBO TBO), ermfdj pjr
Fhdmfs
Fhdmfs dj Ofsemkbotj bk 6=44, huseju huseju vfijrmzfr
vfijr mzfr f euiturf flrj-hrfsmibmrf
flrj-hrfsmi bmrf pjr kbmj
kbm j df bduefàåj
bduefàåj b
df frtb, ljrkuifodj ukf bstítmef prõprmf pfrf fiík df rbprjduàåj df bxpbrmãoemf db jutrjs pfësbs
b vmsfodj fj prjtf`jomskj dj pjvj ob`rj. Fssmk, tmonf ejkj hfodbmrf ’prmjrmzfr f vfijrmzfàåj df
pbrsjofimdfdb b euiturf bspbeëlmefs fj ob`rj ejkj efkmonj db ejkhftb fj rfemskj‛. 6 Db iæ,
sfërfk ojkbs ejkj j df ftrmz Xutn db Ujuzf, qub ojs dbmxju, fjs => fojs, bk cuinj db 816=.
Næ jutrjs hjos bxbkpijs db momemftmvfs qub fkpimfk f vmsmhmimdfdb ob`rf ofs frtbs. F sírmb
Efdbrojs Ob`rjs, ermfdf bk 6=0>, ljm rbspjosævbi pjr puhimefr ejotjs b pjbkfs db bsermtjrbs b
bsermtjrfs ob`rjs, tjrofodj-sb uk kfrej pfrf f prjduàåj imtbrærmf ob`rf. Kumtjs djs prmkbmrjs
tbxtjs db Ejoebmàåj Bvfrmstj ljrfk puhimefdjs iæ, pjr bxbkpij. J prjcbtj Fkfzôomf Ob`rf, df
ljtõ`rflf Kfrebif Hjolmk, husef rbejonbebr b vfijrmzfr fs euiturfs ob`rfs bk Xjodôomf. Hjolmk
smotbtmzf f mkpjrtèoemf db momemftmvfs dbssb tmpj3 ’F kfmjrmf djs ob`rjs hrfsmibmrjs prbemsf fprbodbr
f sbr ob`rj oj pbreursj db sufs vmdfs‛. Qrjcbtjs fssmk ejotrmhubk pfrf bssb fprbodmzfdj.

Í mkpjrtfotb tbr bk kbotb qub pfrf pbosfr sjiuàòbs pfrf ukf rbfimdfdb, dbvbkjs tmræ-if df
movmsmhmimdfdb. Qjrtfotj, lrfsbs ejkj ’bu oåj vbcj ejr‛ oåj fcudfk. J prjhibkf oåj í f ejr, kfs
sbu usj ejkj custmlmeftmvf pfrf sb`rb`fr b jprmkmr. \bcfk ejrbs, sjkjs dmvbrsjs b oåj næ ofdf db
brrfdj omssj—sb vmvbkjs rbifàòbs rfemfms, í prbemsj lfifr sjhrb ob`rmtudb b tfkhík sjhrb
hrfoqumtudb.