Coordinación de Inglés

INGLÉS BÁSICO II
MATERIAL DE ESTUDIO
SEMANA N°1

● UNIDAD DE COMPETENCIA ASOCIADA: Utilizar estructuras gramaticales presentes,

pasadas, futuras y presente perfecto para expresar tendencias, desempeño o evaluaciones en
forma oral y escrita de acuerdo con el nivel CEFR B1.

CONOCIMIENTOS APRENDIZAJES PROCEDIMENTALES.

1. Pasado verbo to be:  Identifica la estructura gramatical del

 Formas afirmativa, negativa e
interrogativa.
 Adverbios de tiempo pasado
(yesterday, ago, last, etc.).
2. Indicativos en Presente y Pasado:
 There was, There were.
 Formas afirmativa, negativa
interrogativa.
3. Preposiones de tiempo y lugar:
 In, on, at, next to, behind, between,
etc.
pasado del verbo “To Be” para elaborar
descripciones apoyándose en información
visual y el contexto según caso dado de
acuerdo al nivel CEFR A2.
 Utiliza la estructura gramatical del pasado
del verbo “to be” para elaborar
descripciones apoyándose en información
visual y el contexto según caso dado de
e acuerdo al nivel CEFR A2.
 Utiliza indicativos en tiempo Presente
Simple y Pasado verbo “to be” para
redactar descripciones con características
adicionales o indicaciones, utilizando
preposiciones de tiempo y lugar en un
entorno laboral y social de acuerdo al nivel
CEFR A2.

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PAST VERB TO BE

Before we start, Let´s remember the present form of Verb to be:

VERB TO BE STRUCTURE:

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PAST VERB TO BE
The past tense of To Be in English has two forms: WAS and WERE

WAS AND WERE MEANINGS IN SPANISH

The words was and were have 8 meanings in Spanish depending on the context:

WAS = ERA - ESTABA - FUE

She WAS here yesterday = Ella estaba/ estuvo acá ayer.

She WAS my boss = Ella fue / era mi jefa.

WERE = ERAN –ESTABAN- ESTABAMOS-ESTUVIERON- FUERON- FUIMOS

They WERE at the office all day = Ellos estuvieron en la oficina todo el día.

We WERE the best team last year = Nosotros fuimos el mejor equipo el año pasado.

PAST VERB TO BE SUMMARY CHART

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ACTIVITIES
1. Complete the conversations with WAS, WERE, WASN’T or WEREN’T:

Conversation N°1 Conversation N°2

A: Hello, Nancy. How 1 _________ your weekend?
B: Great! Mike and I 2 _________ in New York.
A: That is amazing!
B: It 3 _________my birthday.
A: Happy Birthday Nancy!
Conversation N°3
A: How 10 _________your presentation?
B: It 11_________really good!
A: Great! 12_________ you nervous?
B: Yes, I 13 _________, it 14_________a really
important presentation.
A: 4 _________James here this morning?
B: No, he 5 _________
A: Where 6 _________he?
B: I think he 7 _________in a meeting with Sue and
Rona. They 8 _________in Sue’s office.
A: No, they 9 __________because I was with Sue in
her office all morning!
Conversation N°4
A: At first I 15_________ (-) very happy with the
changes.
B: Yes, I know we 16_________ very worried about
the new procedures.
A: But now, our team works a lot better than before.
We just 17_________scared of something new.

2. Where were these people at 3 ó clock yesterday afternoon?

a) Joe was in bed. b) Jack and Kate ___________________

c) Sue___________________________ d) Mr. and Mrs. Hall _________________
e) Ben___________________________ f) And, you? I ______________________

3. Read the sentences and write am/ is/ are (present) or was/ were (past) to complete them:

a) Where __________ Sam and Tom? I don´t know. They __________here a few minutes ago!
b) Don´t buy those sandals. They __________too expensive.
c) Last year she __________24 years old, so she __________25 now.
d) Today the weather __________ nice, but yesterday it __________very cold.
e) This time last year. I __________on vacations.
f) Where __________you at 11 ó clock yesterday?
g) I________ cold. Can you give me that jacket, please?

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4. Write questions from these words + was / were. Put the words in the right order:

a) late / you / this morning / why? The traffic was horrible.

__________________________________________
b) difficult / your exam? No, it was easy.
__________________________________________
c) last week/ where/ they? They were on holiday.
__________________________________________
d) new camera / how much / your ? It was $ 100
__________________________________________
e) angry/ you / yesterday/ why? Because, you were late to our date.
__________________________________________
f) nice/ the weather/ last week ? Yes, It was beautiful.
__________________________________________

5. Read the events in the timeline. Start at the bottom of the line, in 1967.

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6. Write 3 new events from the timeline:

a) ________________________________________________________________

b) ________________________________________________________________

c) ________________________________________________________________

THERE IS / THERE ARE

THERE WAS / THERE WERE

We use THERE IS and THERE ARE to say that something exists. And in the past tense we use to say
that something existed with THERE WAS and THERE WERE.

Positive Sentences
We use there is for singular and there are for plural.
We use there was for singular and There were for plural.

 There is one table in the classroom today.

 There was one table in the classroom last week.
 There are three chairs in the classroom now.
 There were three chairs in the classroom a minute ago.
 There is a spider in the bath.
 There was a spider in the bath.
 There are many people at the bus stop.
 There were many people at the bus stop.

We also, use There is and There was with uncountable nouns:

 There is milk in the fridge.

 There was milk in the fridge.
 There is some sugar on the table.
 There was some sugar on the table.
 There is ice cream on your shirt.
 There was ice cream on your shirt.

Negative Form
The negative is formed by putting not after is or are, was or were:

 There is not a laptop in the office.

 There was not a laptop in the office.
 There are not any paper at my desk.
 There were not any paper at my desk.

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We usually use contractions when speaking:
THE NEGATIVE CONTRACTIONS ARE
 There's not = There isn't
 There are not = There aren't
 There was not = There wasn´t
 There were not = There weren´t

NEGATIVE WITH ANY

When we want to indicate that a zero quantity of something exists, we use THERE AREN'T ANY.

 There aren't any people at the party. There weren't any people at the party.
 There aren't any trees in my street. There weren't any trees in my street.

We also use this structure with uncountable nouns:

 There isn't any water in the swimming pool. There wasn't any water in the swimming pool.
 There isn't any sugar in my coffee. There wasn't any sugar in my coffee.

QUESTIONS
To form a question, we place is / are in front of there.
Again, we use any with plural questions or those, which use uncountable nouns.
We also use there is / are in short answers.
 Is there a dog in the supermarket? - No, there isn't.
 Are there any dogs in the park? - Yes, there are.
 Is there a security guard in the shop? - Yes, there is.
 Are there any polar bears in Antarctica? - No, there aren't.
 Is there any ice-cream in the freezer? - Yes, there is.

How Many with Are There

If we want to find out the number of objects that exist, we use HOW MANY in the following form:
HOW MANY + PLURAL NOUN + ARE THERE (+ COMPLEMENT).
 How many dogs are there in the park?
 How many students are there in your class?
 How many countries are there in South America?
 How many Star Wars films are there?

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SUMMARY CHARTS

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EXAMPLES:

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ACTIVITIES THERE IS/ WAS /THERE ARE/ WERE

1. Look at the hotel lift (elevator) and the questions then answer the questions:

a) Is there a restaurant in the hotel? Yes, there is. It´s on the 1st floor.

b) Is there a gym? No, _____________________

c) Is there a swimming pool? __________________________

d) Is there a café? __________________________

e) Is there a cash machine? __________________________

f) Where is reception? __________________________

2. Read the answers and look at the map. Write the questions. Then listen and check:

a) Is there a movie theatre near here?

Yes, there is. It is in Gill street, next to the café.

b) _____________________________________________
Yes, there is. It is next to the movie theatre.

c) _____________________________________________
Yes, there is. It´s in Burton street, behind the café.

d) _____________________________________________
Yes, there is. It´s in Long Street.

e) _____________________________________________
Yes, there is. It´s opposite the movie theatre

f) _____________________________________________
Yes, there is. It´s between the supermarket and the
restaurant

REMEMBER!

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3. Complete the sentences with THERE WAS, THERE WERE, THERE WASN’T OR THERE
WEREN’T.

a) ___________________ a movie theater next to the post office.

b) When I was a boy, ___________________ three houses here. Now it´s an office block.
c) A: Was there a busy street here?
B: No, ___________________. It was quiet.
d) ___________________a shop but there was a café
e) A: were there houses or skyscrapers?
B: When I was here two years ago, I think ___________________some skyscrapers.
f) A: Were there any tree next to the pond?
B: No, ___________________

4. Look at the pictures and answer the questions:

a) Was there a road here? Yes,

b) Was there a market in the square? No,
c) Was there a café next to the bank?
d) Were there any shops on the left?
e) Were there two restaurants on the right?
f) Was there a pedestrian crossing?
g) Was there an Indian restaurant?

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5. Match the sentences 1-8 with the sentences a- h

1) Was there a café b a) there was a playground in the park

2) When I was a student, there b) on the left?
3) Last year there were c) there wasn´t.
4) Two years ago, I d) think there was a bank next to the
cinema.
5) When I was a child, e) wasn´t a library here.
6) Were there f) two restaurants on the right.
7) Was g) there a car park here?
8) Was there a shop on the corner? h) two bridges across the river?
No,

4. Complete the questions with Was there or Were there. Then answer the questions.

a) Were there payphones in 1920? Yes, There were

b) ____________________ computers at schools in 1980? No, ____________________
c) ____________________a park in the neighborhood in Yes, ____________________
1985?
d) ____________________Internet at homes in 1990? No, ____________________
e) ____________________air pollution in 1960? Yes, ____________________
f) ____________________ astronauts in 1940? No, ____________________
g) ____________________ hospitals in 1910? Yes, ____________________
h) ____________________radio in 1940? Yes, ____________________

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PREPOSITIONS OF PLACE

AT IN ON
A POINT ENCLOSED SPACE A SURFACE

IN FRONT OF BEHIND
 A band plays their music in front of an Behind is the opposite of In front of. It means at
audience. the back (part) of something.
 The teacher stands in front of the
students.  When the teacher writes on the
 The man standing in the line in front whiteboard, the students are behind him (or
of me smells bad. her).
 Teenagers normally squeeze their zits in  Who is that person behind the mask?
front of a mirror.  I slowly down because there was a police
car behind me.

BETWEEN ACROSS FROM / OPPOSITE

Between normally refers to something in the
middle of two objects or things (or places).
• There are mountains between Chile and
Argentina.
• The number 5 is between the number 4
and 6.
• There is a sea (The English Channel)
between England and France.
Across from and Opposite mean the same
thing. It is like saying that someone (or a place)
is on the other side of something.
• I live across from a supermarket (= it is on
the other side of the road)
• The chess players sat opposite each
other before they began their game.

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NEXT TO / BESIDE
Next to and Beside mean the same thing. It
usually refers to a thing (or person) that is at the
side of another thing.
 At a wedding, the bride stands next to the
groom.
 Guards stand next to the entrance of the
bank.
 He walked beside me as we went down
the street.
ABOVE / OVER
Above and Over have a similar meaning. The
both mean "at a higher position than X"
but above normally refers to being directly
(vertically) above you.
 Planes normally fly above the clouds.
 There is a ceiling above you.
 There is a halo over my head. ;)
 Our neighbors in the apartment above us
are rally noisy.
Over can also mean physically covering the
surface of something and is often used with the
word All as in All over.
 There is water all over the floor.
 I accidentally spilled red wine all over the
new carpet.
Coordinación de Inglés
(= They are in front of each other and there is
a table between them)
NEAR / CLOSE TO
Near and Close to mean the same thing. It is
like next to / beside but there is more of a
distance between the two things.
 The receptionist is near the front door.
 This building is near a subway station.
 We couldn't park the car close to the
store.
 Our house is close to a supermarket.
UNDER / BELOW
Under and Below have a similar meaning. They
mean at a lower level. (Something is above it).
 Your legs are under the table.
 Monsters live under your bed.
 A river flows under a bridge.
 How long can you stay under the water?
 Miners work below the surface of the
Earth.
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ACTIVITIES PREPOSITIONS OF PLACE

1. We use these prepositions to say where something is, read the description and underline
the prepositions:

AT IN ON NEXT TO OPPOSITE BETWEEN IN FRONT OF BEHIND ABOVE BELOW

I'm a t work at the moment. The office is in Fulsom Street, just off the ring road. It's a t number
133, between the ABC cinema and the Esso petrol station. There's a small car park in front of
the building, and there's another one behind it, next to the supermarket and more or less
opposite the church. I'm on the second floor, so I can take you to the Claims Department;
which is above me on the third floor. Then we can go to the Finance Department; which is
below me on the first floor.

2. Complete the dialogue with IN, AT, or ON.

Bob: Hi, Jan. What sort of sales department is this? Where is everybody?
Jan: Well, Anna's 1 AT a conference Paris, and Janie's 2 _____ a meeting.
Bob: Is Ken 3________a business trip again? I can't get 4_____touch with him.
Jan: No, he's 5 _____ holiday.
Bob: Is Laura here?
Jan: No, she's 6 _______ home today, but she'll be back 7 ______ work tomorrow.

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3. Write where these things are in your town and how you get there from your place of work:

a) The nearest bank

b) The nearest cash machine

c) the nearest place to get a good coffee

d) Your favorite place to eat

4. Underline the correct preposition:

a) Look in the appendix at / by the end of the report.

b) When I got in / on the plane, someone was sitting in my seat.

c) What a fantastic view! The sky above / over and the sea below/ under.

d) I´m at / in Concepcion for a few days.

e) You can´t miss it. The restaurant is exactly by / opposite to the movie theater.

f) I often work in / at home in the evening.

g) Our office is in / at Alameda Street.

h) Put a sheet above / over the machine so it doesn´t get dusty.

i) Rancagua is near / by Santiago.

j) You will see our offices – they are by / near a furniture store ( the next block)

k) You will see our offices – they are by / near a furniture store ( the next building)

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5. Complete this e-mail with the correct preposition:

6. Complete this e-mail with the correct preposition:

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ACTIVITIES PREPOSITIONS OF TIME

1. Complete the email with in, on, or at :

2. Look at the pictures and complete the sentences with from, to, and for:

The conference went on from April 1st to April 4th

The conference went on for four days.
a) She will be in Rome:
She will be in Rome:
b) The course will last:
The course will last :
c) He stayed in USA:
He stayed in USA:

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