Documentos de Académico
Documentos de Profesional
Documentos de Cultura
Embarazo gemelar
bicorionico no
complicado
Embarazo
gemelar
bicorionico con
RCIU selectivo
Embarazo
gemelar
monocorionico
con RCIU
selectivo
Embarazo
gemelar
monocorionico
no complicado
Embarazo gemelar monocorionico complicado Macrosomia
Oligohidramnios
*RPM: Ruptura prematura de membranas, ** Feto pequeño para edad gestacional, *** Restricción de crecimiento intrauterino,
• Todas las recomendaciones deben ser definidas de manera individual. El término de inducción "electiva" sobre las inducciones de nulíparas
de 39 semanas debería ser modificado por un término más preciso para la "reducción de riesgos", que captura tanto la intención como el
beneficio comprobado de las inducciones de 39 semanas.
Referencias
1. Berghella V, Bellussi F, Schoen CN. Evidence-based labor management: induction of labor (part 2). Am J Obstet Gynecol MFM. 2020 Aug;2(3):100136.
doi: 10.1016/j.ajogmf.2020.100136. Epub 2020 Jul 19. PMID: 33345875.
2. Shinar S, Walsh L, Roberts N, Melamed N, Barrett J, Riddell C, Berger H. Timing of cesarean delivery in women with ≥2 previous cesarean deliveries. Am
J Obstet Gynecol. 2022 Jan;226(1):110.e1-110.e10. doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2021.07.018. Epub 2021 Aug 5. PMID: 34363783.
3. ACOG Practice Bulletin No. 107: Induction of labor. Obstet Gynecol. 2009 Aug;114(2 Pt 1):386-397. doi: 10.1097/AOG.0b013e3181b48ef5. PMID:
19623003.
4. Middleton P, Shepherd E, Crowther CA. Induction of labour for improving birth outcomes for women at or beyond term. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2018
May 9;5(5):CD004945. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD004945.pub4. Update in: Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2020 Jul 15;7:CD004945. PMID: 29741208;
PMCID: PMC6494436.
5. Middleton P, Shepherd E, Morris J, Crowther CA, Gomersall JC. Induction of labour at or beyond 37 weeks' gestation. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2020
Jul 15;7(7):CD004945. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD004945.pub5. PMID: 32666584; PMCID: PMC7389871.
6. Grobman WA, Rice MM, Reddy UM, Tita ATN, Silver RM, Mallett G, Hill K, Thom EA, El-Sayed YY, Perez-Delboy A, Rouse DJ, Saade GR, Boggess KA,
Chauhan SP, Iams JD, Chien EK, Casey BM, Gibbs RS, Srinivas SK, Swamy GK, Simhan HN, Macones GA; Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of
Child Health and Human Development Maternal–Fetal Medicine Units Network. Labor Induction versus Expectant Management in Low-Risk Nulliparous
Women. N Engl J Med. 2018 Aug 9;379(6):513-523. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1800566. PMID: 30089070; PMCID: PMC6186292.
7. Sotiriadis A, Petousis S, Thilaganathan B, Figueras F, Martins WP, Odibo AO, Dinas K, Hyett J. Maternal and perinatal outcomes after elective induction of
labor at 39 weeks in uncomplicated singleton pregnancy: a meta-analysis. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2019 Jan;53(1):26-35. doi: 10.1002/uog.20140. Epub
2018 Dec 7. PMID: 30298532.
8. Po' G, Oliver EA, Reddy UM, Silver RM, Berghella V. The impact of induction of labor at 39 weeks in low-risk women on the incidence of stillbirth. Am J
Obstet Gynecol. 2020 Jan;222(1):88-90. doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2019.09.032. Epub 2019 Sep 20. PMID: 31545942.
9. Grobman WA, Caughey AB. Elective induction of labor at 39 weeks compared with expectant management: a meta-analysis of cohort studies. Am J Obstet
Gynecol. 2019 Oct;221(4):304-310. doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2019.02.046. Epub 2019 Feb 25. PMID: 30817905.
10. Grobman WA, Sandoval G, Reddy UM, Tita ATN, Silver RM, Mallett G, Hill K, Rice MM, El-Sayed YY, Wapner RJ, Rouse DJ, Saade GR, Thorp JM Jr,
Chauhan SP, Iams JD, Chien EK, Casey BM, Gibbs RS, Srinivas SK, Swamy GK, Simhan HN, Macones GA; Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of
Child Health and Human Development Maternal-Fetal Medicine Units (MFMU) Network. Health resource utilization of labor induction versus expectant
management. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2020 Apr;222(4):369.e1-369.e11. doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2020.01.002. Epub 2020 Jan 10. PMID: 31930993; PMCID:
PMC7141954.
11. Ghartey J, Macones GA. 39-Week nulliparous inductions are not elective. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2020 Jun;222(6):519-520. doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2020.01.055.
PMID: 32473683.
(4).
Referencias
1. Nasioudis D, Kim SW, Schoen C, Levine LD. Maternal and neonatal outcomes with mechanical cervical dilation plus misoprostol compared to misoprostol
alone for cervical ripening; a systematic review of literature and metaanalysis. Am J Obstet Gynecol MFM. 2019 May;1(2):101-111. doi:
10.1016/j.ajogmf.2019.06.003. Epub 2019 Jun 11. PMID: 33345815.
2. Berghella V, Bellussi F, Schoen CN. Evidence-based labor management: induction of labor (part 2). Am J Obstet Gynecol MFM. 2020 Aug;2(3):100136.
doi: 10.1016/j.ajogmf.2020.100136. Epub 2020 Jul 19. PMID: 33345875.
3. Ornat L, Alonso-Ventura V, Bueno-Notivol J, Chedraui P, Pérez-López FR; Health Outcomes and Systematic Analyses (HOUSSAY) Research Group.
Misoprostol combined with cervical single or double balloon catheters versus misoprostol alone for labor induction of singleton pregnancies: a meta-analysis
of randomized trials. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2020 Oct;33(20):3453-3468. doi: 10.1080/14767058.2019.1574741. Epub 2019 Feb 10. PMID:
30741051.
4. Morris JL, Winikoff B, Dabash R, Weeks A, Faundes A, Gemzell-Danielsson K, Kapp N, Castleman L, Kim C, Ho PC, Visser GHA. FIGO's updated
recommendations for misoprostol used alone in gynecology and obstetrics. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2017 Sep;138(3):363-366. doi: 10.1002/ijgo.12181. Epub
2017 Jun 23. PMID: 28643396.
Referencias
1. Selin L, Wennerholm UB, Jonsson M, Dencker A, Wallin G, Wiberg-Itzel E, Almström E, Petzold M, Berg M. High-dose versus low-dose of oxytocin for
labour augmentation: a randomised controlled trial. Women Birth. 2019 Aug;32(4):356-363. doi: 10.1016/j.wombi.2018.09.002. Epub 2018 Oct 16. PMID:
30341003.
2. Berghella V, Bellussi F, Schoen CN. Evidence-based labor management: induction of labor (part 2). Am J Obstet Gynecol MFM. 2020 Aug;2(3):100136.
doi: 10.1016/j.ajogmf.2020.100136. Epub 2020 Jul 19. PMID: 33345875.
3. Kernberg A, Caughey AB. Augmentation of Labor: A Review of Oxytocin Augmentation and Active Management of Labor. Obstet Gynecol Clin North Am.
2017 Dec;44(4):593-600. doi: 10.1016/j.ogc.2017.08.012. PMID: 29078941.
4. Alhafez L, Berghella V. Evidence-based labor management: first stage of labor (part 3). Am J Obstet Gynecol MFM. 2020 Nov;2(4):100185. doi:
10.1016/j.ajogmf.2020.100185. Epub 2020 Jul 21. PMID: 33345911.
5. Aboshama RA, Abdelhakim AM, Shareef MA, AlAmodi AA, Sunoqrot M, Alborno NM, Gadelkarim M, Abbas AM, Bakry MS. High dose vs. low dose
oxytocin for labor augmentation: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. J Perinat Med. 2020 Sep 21;49(2):178-190. doi:
10.1515/jpm-2020-0042. PMID: 32950965.
• El cultivo recto vaginal para SGB debe realizarse entre las 35 a 37 semanas de embarazo.
• Los esquemas antibióticos sugeridos son:
Antibiotico Dosis
Penicilina G Sódica 5 millones endovenoso, seguidos de 2 millones cada 4 horas hasta el parto
Ampicilina 2 gramos IV, seguidos de 1 g IV cada 4 horas hasta el parto
Clindamicina En caso de alergia a la penicilina, 600 mg IV cada 6 horas.
Referencias
1. Prevention of Group B Streptococcal Early-Onset Disease in Newborns, Obstetrics & Gynecology: February 2020 - Volume 135 - Issue 2 - p e51-e72. doi:
10.1097/AOG.0000000000003668
Uso en el puerperio
Suspender uso de alfametil dopa usado en embarazo por riesgo de depresión
Elección Nombre Dosis máxima seguras Especificaciones
Primera elección en hipertensión gestacional
1 Nifedipina larga acción 30 mg cada 8 horas Primera elección en preeclampsia no severa
Iniciar con TA mayor o igual a 150/100 mmHg
2 Enalapril 20 mg cada 12 horas Aumento de la actividad de angiotensina en el puerperio
2 Losartan 50 mg cada 8 horas No usar en falla renal
3 Metoprolol 100 mg cada 12 horas Riesgo de RCIU y bajo peso al nacer dependiente de dosis
Riesgo de depresión postparto
4 Clonidina 300 mg cada 6 horas
Contraindica la lactancia
4 Diltiazem 240 mg al día Verificar riesgos con uso de dos calcio antagonistas
5 Prazocin 1 mg cada 12 horas La primera dosis se puede administrar antes de acostarse para
minimizar la hipotensión ortostática.
1. ACOG Practice Bulletin No. 202: Gestational Hypertension and Preeclampsia. Obstet Gynecol. 2019 Jan;133(1):1. doi: 10.1097/AOG.0000000000003018.
PMID: 30575675.
2. Brown MA, Magee LA, Kenny LC, Karumanchi SA, McCarthy FP, Saito S, Hall DR, Warren CE, Adoyi G, Ishaku S; International Society for the Study of
Hypertension in Pregnancy (ISSHP). Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy: ISSHP Classification, Diagnosis, and Management Recommendations for
International Practice. Hypertension. 2018 Jul;72(1):24-43. doi: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.117.10803. PMID: 29899139.
3. Gestational Hypertension and Preeclampsia: ACOG Practice Bulletin, Number 222. Obstet Gynecol. 2020 Jun;135(6):e237-e260. doi:
10.1097/AOG.0000000000003891. PMID: 32443079.
4. Cairns AE, Pealing L, Duffy JMN, Roberts N, Tucker KL, Leeson P, MacKillop LH, McManus RJ. Postpartum management of hypertensive disorders of
pregnancy: a systematic review. BMJ Open. 2017 Nov 28;7(11):e018696. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-018696. PMID: 29187414; PMCID: PMC5719299.