Documentos de Académico
Documentos de Profesional
Documentos de Cultura
Vmax
3500
3000
v 2500
Actividad
2000
Vmax/2
1500
1000
500
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500
Km1
[S]
v=
[S] * Vmax
Km + [S]
Condiciones iniciales y linealidad
Influencia del pH sobre la actividad enzimática
Influencia del pH sobre la actividad enzimática
Curva de estabilidad según pH de incubación
Curva de estabilidad según pH de incubación
AH A- + H+
Si el pH = pKa ⇒ AH = A-
Si el pH = pKa + 1 ⇒ AH = A-/10
Si el pH = pKa + 2 ⇒ AH = A-/100
0.94
Influencia de la T sobre la actividad enzimática
70
60 50
40
80
25
Activ.
app T
Topt
Curva de estabilidad según T de incubación
Inhibición de la actividad
enzimática
Inhibición competitiva
k+1 kp
E+S ES E + P
k-1
k+2
E+I EI
k-2
k − 2 [E][I]
Ki = =
k +2 [EI]
S
X
I
S
X
I
I
S
X
I
COOH
FAD FADH
2
H2N H2N
Succinato
deshidrogenasa COOH
HOOC H2NO 2S
metotrexato
GMP
AMP
Sulfametoxazol
H2N
HOOC
PABA
Ks kp
E+S ES E + P
+
I
Ki Ki =
[E][]
I k−2
=
EI [EI] k + 2
v = kp [ES]
v k p [ES]
=
[E]t [E] + [ES] + [EI]
como
[S]
[ES] = [E] I
[EI] = [E]
Ks KI
Entonces, pasando kp al primer miembro y reemplazando
[ES] y [EI] queda:
[S] [E]
v Ks
=
k p [E]t [E] + [S] [E] + []
I
[E]
Ks Ki
Al simplificar [E] y reordenar, queda:
v=
[S] * Vmax
Ks
[]
I
1 + + [S]
K i
Vmax = 100
Km = 7
100
[I] = 0
80
[I] = 5, Ki = 5
60
[I] = 5, Ki = 2
40
20
0
0 10 20 30 40
[S]
1/v
[I1]
1
=
1
+
Km []
I 1
(1 + )
v Vmax Vmax K I [S]
-1/Km 1/[S]
)
) [I1]
-1/Km 1 + K
i
Parcialmente competitiva
Ks kp
E+S ES E + P
+ +
I I
Ki Ki´ kp
EI + S EIS E + P v
K´s
parcial
total
[I]
Inhibición no competitiva
k+1 kp
E ES E+P
k-1
k-3 k+3 k-5 k+5
k+4
EI ESI
k-4
k -1 k − 4 k -3 k −5
KS = = KI = =
k +1 k + 4 k +3 k +5
v = kp [ES]
v k p [ES]
=
[E]t [E] + [ES] + [ESI] + [EI]
considerando que la concentración de los complejos es
[S]
[ES] = [E] I [S]
[ESI] = [EI] = [S][]
I
[E]
Ks
[EI] = [E] KS K IK S
KI
[S] * [E]
v Ks
=
k p [E]t [E] + [S] [E] + []
I [S][]
[E] + [E]I
Ks Ki K SK i
[S]
v
= K s
=
[S]
Vmax 1 + [S] + [I] + [S][]
I []I []I
Ks(1 + ) + [S](1 + )
K s K i K SK i Ki Ki
[S] * Vmax []
I
/(1 + )
v= Ki
Ks + [S]
(1 +
[]I )
1
=
KI
+
Km []
I 1
(1 + )
v Vmax Vmax KI [S]
1/v
[I1]
)V
app )
1/Vmax = 1 +
[I1]
Ki max
-1/Km 1/[S]
Inhibición parcialmente no competitiva
v = k [ES] + k´ [ESI]
k+1 kp
E ES E+P
k-1
Ks kp
E+S ES E+P
+I k-1 +I
Ki K´i
K´s
EI + S ESI
v = k [ES]
Vmax
v=
KS []
I []
I
(1 + ) + (1 + ´ )
[S] Ki KI
Vmax
[]
I
(1 + )
K ´I
v=
[]
I
(1 + )
KS Ki
1+ *
[S] (1 + []I )
K ´I
1/v
[I3] > [I2] > [I1]
[I3] Ki< Ki´
)V
app ) [I3]
1/Vmax = 1 + K´ [I2]
i max [I1]
1/[S]
1/v
Ki> Ki´
1/[S]
Inhibición acompetitiva
k+1 kp
E ES E+P
k-1
Ki
ESI
([E]t - [ES] - [ESI])*[S] = Ks [ES]
[ES][I] = Ki [ESI]
v = k+2 [ES]
Vmax
(1 +
[]I )
KI
v=
Km 1
1+ *
[S] (1 + []I )
KI
Vmax
v=
Km []
I
+ (1 + )
[S] KI
1
=
1 []
I
(1 + ) +
Km 1
v Vmax KI Vmax [S]
1/v [I3] > [I2] > [I1]
[I3]
[I2]
[I1]
1/[S]
1/v
1/[S]
Inhibición por sustrato
k+1 kp
E+S ES E + P
k-1 +S
Ki
ESS
Vmax [S]
v=
K m + [S](1 +
[S])
KS
L-malato + NAD+ oxaloacetato + NADH + H+
30
25
20
v
15
10
0
0 10 20 30 40
[S]
60
50
Ks = 25
40
Ks = 15
v
30
20 Ks = 7
10
0
0 10 20 30 40
[S]
Gráficos de Dixon
[I]1
[I]2
[I]3
[I]4
1/v
S1
No Competitivo S2 > S1
S2
-Ki [I]
S2 > S1 > S0
1/v
Acompetitivo S0
S1
S2
Soo
-Ki [I]
pendiente
1/[S]
1/v S1
-Ki Competitivo
S2
S2 > S1
Soo
-Ki [I]
1/v S1 1/v S1
S2 Mixto
Mixto
S2
S2 > S1
S2 > S1
-Ki
[I] -Ki [I]
pendiente
1/[S]
1/v S2 1/v S2
S1
Mixto
Mixto
S1
S2 > S1
S2 > S1
-Ki
[I] -Ki [I]
1/v S2
Acompetitivo
S1
S2 > S1
-Ki [I]
[S]/v
S1
No Competitivo S2 > S1
S2
-Ki [I]
S2 > S1
[S]/v
Competitivo
S2
S1
-Ki [I]
Activadores
4000
Vmax
3500
3000
v 2500
Actividad
2000
1500
1000
500
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500
[A]
4000
3500
3000
100
% activación
2500
Actividad
2000
1500
1000
500
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500
A0.5
[A]