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40 Guia de Estudio Ingles Iv PDF
40 Guia de Estudio Ingles Iv PDF
INGLES IV
GUIA DE ESTUDIO
INGLES IV
UNIDAD
UNIDAD XXV
TAG QUESTIONS
UNIDAD XXVI
EXPRESSIONS
CONTENIDO TEMATICO
MODULO
TEMA
Mdulo
Attached Question or Tag Questions
1y 2
Mdulo 3
Expressions
Mdulo 4
UNIDAD XXVII
PASSIVE VOICE
Mdulo
5-8
Passive voice
UNIDAD XXVIII
CONNECTORS
Mdulo 9
UNIDAD XXIX
RELATIVE WORDS
Mdulo
10 y 11
Relative words
UNIDAD XXX
Mdulo 12
CONNECTING
WORDS
Mdulo
13 y 14
UNIDAD XXXI
EXPRESSIONS
Mdulo 15
UNIDAD XXXII
CONJUNCTIVE
ADVERBS
PROPER VERBS
AND AGENT NOUN
SUBORDINATING
CONJUNCTIONS
Mdulo 1 y 2
Attached Question or Tag Questions
Objetivo:
El estudiante comprender y asimilar el uso correcto de los tag questions en
las oraciones.
Ejemplos:
Si la oracin precedente es afirmativa, el tag question deber ser
negativo.
Affirmative
Tag question
negative
affirmative answer
affirmative
negative answer
No, he wasnt
Pasado simple
Cuando el verbo est en tiempo pasado simple, se usara el auxiliar didnt en el tag
question.
Jack played a good game of tennis yesterday, didnt he?
Yes, he did
.
Presente simple
Cuando el verbo est en presente simple, en el tag question se utilizara como
auxiliar don`t o doesn`t dependiendo del sujeto.
Rabbits run very fast, dont they?
Yes, they do
Los conejos corren rpido, verdad?
You dont read without glasses, do you?
No, I dont
No lees sin lentes, verdad?
Tim doesnt want to give Mary the letter, does he?
No, he doesnt
Bill had been in the hospital before, hadnt he? Yes, he had
No, he hasnt
Yes, we have
Test 1
Choose the correct answer and complete the sentence
1.-The children
b)are/they are
2.-There
b) are/there are
4. - Angel
a) mustnt/ must
b) does
d) doesnt
he?
c) must/ must
d) would/wouldnt
b) should
they?
c) does
d) doesnt
b) she isnt
?
c) has she
b)hasnt she
b)havent they
c) had she
b)didnt
b)he did
you?
c)need
d) hadnt she
?
d) she is
?
d)are/they arent
d)do
?
c)did they
d)they did
Mdulo 3
Expressions
Objetivo:
El estudiante incluir en sus oraciones las expresiones still, anymore, already e
yet
Anymore (Ya )
He is still sick
(Todava/an est enfermo)
He still works
(an trabaja)
I am hungry already
( ya tengo hambre)
.
Se usa en oraciones negativas o en
preguntas que indiquen sorpresa o
cuando la respuesta esperada es un
si.
You havent done the work already,
have you?
A veces se coloca antes del verbo
principal pero le sigue al verbo To be,
tambin puede colocarse al final de
la oracin.
He has already bought a car
Test 2
Choose the correct answer and complete the sentence
friends
b) anymore
c)still
d)thus
b) anymore
3. She
a) still
d) thus
c) yet
d) hence
b)yet
a) has/ yet
c)still
eaten
5. He
6.-Mary
not in bed
a) Isnt/ yet
b) is/ yet
c) has/ anymore
a) A) isnt/ yet
b) is/ yet
10.-The boy is
a) still
d) is/ anymore
walk
b) cant/ anymore
d)hasnt/ anymore
7.-Alice
a) shouldnt/ anymore
d) thus
he is hungry.
b) hasnt/ yet
8.-My friend
b) didnt/ anymore
d)is/ anymore
d)shouldnt/ yet
work
c)dont/ yet
d)am/ yet
an adult
b) anymore
c)yet
d)already
Mdulo 4
Proper verbs and agent noun
Objetivo:
El estudiante analizar la derivacin de los sufijos y los diferentes significados
que pueden tener algunos verbos.
Prefijos y sufijos
Los prefijos son vocablos agregadas al comienzo de sustantivos, adjetivos,
pronombres de pertenencia, adverbios y verbos, con el propsito de obtener un
significado diferente.
Los sufijos son vocablos agregadas al final de sustantivos, adjetivos, y verbos,
cambiando sustantivos en adjetivos, adjetivos en adverbios, verbos en
sustantivos o en adjetivos, etc.
Ejemplo
Base: royal
Sufijo: royalty
Las derivaciones de los sufijos pueden cambiar de:
De un sustantivo a un adjetivo
Magic
magical
De un adjetivo a un verbo
Sharp
sharpen
De un sustantivo a un verbo
Sympathy
sympathize
De un verbo a un sustantivo tambin llamados Agent Nouns( agentes)
Make
maker
Los agent nouns terminan en er, or el cual significa engaged in (dedicarse
a), por ejemplo:
A person who plays is a player (Una persona que juega es un
jugador)
A thing that washes is a washer (Una cosa que lava es una lavadora)
Estos terminan en er
retainer, pitcher, farmer, invader, banker, builder, driver, teacher, cleaner,
smoker, consumer, painter, dancer, offender, dealer, explorer, reporter, lighter,
recorder.
Estos terminan en or
Operator, violator, projector, instructor, investor, surveyor, survivor, liberator,
translator, collector, director, creator, editor, generator, executor, inheritor,
administrator, actor.
Ejemplos con la terminacin ful oso, ado, ada
truthful, respectful, fearful, joyful, regretful, thankful, powerful, helpful, painful,
wasteful, faithful, doubtful, skilful, plenty- plentiful, peaceful, eventful, boastful,
forceful, trustful, successful, tactful, meaningful.
Special difficulties
En ingles existen algunos verbos que en la escritura se parecen mucho y
otros que tienen varios significados.
Ejemplos:
emitir luz/
brillar
sacar brillo/
bolear
rise
levantarse
raise
elevar
crecer,
alimentar
incrementar
shine
lie
tumbarse,
echarse
lay
poner,
colocar
sit
sentarse
set
poner,
colocar
draw
dibujar
tirar,
arrastrar
obtener
( dinero)
atraer
cerrar
Test 3
Choose the correct answer and complete the sentence
1.-Angel, please
a) set
down
b) lie
c) lay
2. - Did you
a) lie
your hand?
b) lay
c) rise
3. - The bird is
a)laying
4.-Ron
a) sets
b)putting
b) lies
d)raising
c) lays
d) sits
your shoes
b)lie
c)lay
d) set
c) lay
d) sit
7.- Tom
a) lie
c)sitting
on the grass
6.-She
a) set
d) raise
5.-Mary, please
a) shine
d) sit
b) lay
c) rise
d) raises
Mdulo 5-8
Passive voice
Objetivo:
El estudiante estructurar oraciones en voz pasiva incluyendo o no al agente.
Primero es importante observar y analizar la formulacin de oraciones en voz
activa, ya que de esta manera se podr observar el cambio para la voz
pasiva.
En la voz activa
El sujeto realiza la accin expresada por el verbo y el objeto recibe la accin.
Ejemplo:
Sujeto
verbo
Objeto
En la voz pasiva
El objeto de la oracin activa se convierte en el sujeto de la oracin pasiva, y
recibe la accin del verbo que se esta expresando.
Si el agente es importante debe ser mencionado, introducindolo con by para
completar el significado de la oracin o hacerla ms clara. En caso contrario, se
puede omitir.
Sujeto
verbo
agente
Presente
Make
Do
Work
Use
Tiempo
Simple present
Estructura
to be+ pasado participio
is/are + participio
Simple past
Was/were + participio
Present progressive
Past progressive
was/were + being +
participio
Is/are + going to be +
participio
Simple future
will + be + participio
Modal auxiliaries
Present perfect
can/ should/
would/must/may+ be+
participio
has/have been + participio
Past perfect
Future perfect
Ejemplo
Your children are taken to school by bus
- he got hit
Test 4
Choose the correct answer and complete the sentence
1.-Are beavers
a) being
b) been
2.-Sugar
not
a) is/ obtained
b) does/ obtain
been
5.-
6.-
c) been teaching
7. -
b) may/ shown
b) how/ sent
c) didnt/ to show
d) when/ sent
? On Elm Street
a) catch
d) may/ to show
c) when/ send
d) being teaching
in cold water?
a) how/ send
d) does/ obtained
by dinner time
the sweater be
a) didnt /shown
c) is/ obtain
b) have/ prepared
d) able to
from honey
c) going to
b) caught
c) catches
d) catching
b) broke
be
c) breaking
d) broken
b) is going/ finish
c)will/ finished
d) is going/ finished
Mdulo 9
Connectors: andtoo,andeither and but
Objetivo:
Estructurar oraciones con las siguientes expresiones andtoo , and
.either and but
and .too
y and so..
Auxiliar positivo
Alice is too
and so.
Auxiliar positivo
Auxiliar positivo
Futuro simple
Auxiliary: Will- will
Ejemplo: The girl will go by plane and her father will too
Verbos modales
Auxiliary: Can/ could/ would/ should- Can/ could/ would/ should
Ejemplo: You can stay here and he can too
Importante!
Si en la oracin principal no se tiene un auxiliar sino un verbo, entonces
debern usarse los auxiliares do - does para el presente simple y did para
el tiempo pasado simple.
Presente simple
Auxiliary: do/ does
Ejemplo: My brother wears glasses and my boyfriend does too
Pasado simple
Auxiliary: did
Ejemplo: Marina sang and Margarita did too
and .either
y and neither..
and neither..
Auxiliar negativo
Auxiliar negativo
Auxiliar positivo
Otros ejemplos:
Jake didnt go to work and Peter didnt either
Don doesnt play the piano and David doesnt either
Norma wasnt in school today and Olga wasnt either
Joyce cant walk and Morris cant either
eitheror and eithernor
either.or a veces se utiliza para decir o uno u otro.
Ejemplo:
Alice is either sick or tired
(Alicia o est enferma o est cansada)
but
Auxiliar positivo
Auxiliar negativo
Auxiliar positivo
Otros ejemplos:
John was here but Mary wasnt
Betty invited her but I didnt
She needs money but I dont
She will give a demonstration but I wont
I didnt want to see it but my sister did
This exercise is short but the other one isnt
He cant send a telegram but I can
Test 5
Choose the correct answer and complete the sentence
b) but/ too
c) and/ too
b) but/ too
b) but too
d) but/ so
they was
c) and/ too
3. - Margarita sang
a) and too
I did
d) but/ so
did Marina.
c) and so
d) but so
you
6.-That boy is
a) either/ nor
handsome
b) neither/ or
c) either/ or
d) neither/ nor
my friend
Mdulo10 y 11
Relative words
Objetivo:
El estudiante formular oraciones usando las palabras relativas.
Hasta ahora se han estudiado y utilizado clusulas principales u oraciones
simples que tienen un solo sujeto y un predicado, las cuales expresan ideas
completas.
Ahora estudiaremos oraciones con dos sujetos y dos predicados unidas por
una palabra relativa.
A mi clusula principal se le aadir una clusula dependiente.
Una clusula dependiente subordinada tambin tiene un sujeto y un predicado,
pero no expresa una idea completa, por lo tanto no significa nada por si sola
debe unirse a la oracin principal para darle un significado claro, por eso se le
llama dependientes.
Ejemplo
Oracin principal
Oracin dependiente
Jane is the girl
who sees Jerry now
Idea completa
Jane is the girl who sees Jerry now
Observe que para unir estas dos oraciones se necesita una palabra relativa.
stas deben colocarse al principio de la clusula dependiente.
Estas palabras relativas pueden ser los siguientes:
The relative pronouns are:
- who (Para personas, el cual/la cual)
- that (Para todos, el que/la que)
- which (Para cosas, el cual/la cual)
The relative Adverbs are:
-where (Para lugares)
-when (para tiempo)
-why (para razn)
Adjetival clause
Adjetival clause
Clusulas adjetivas
Otros ejemplos
Frankfurt is the man that I talked to you about
A co-educational school, where men and women study, is near my house
En preguntas:
Is the man who flies that airplane an expert?
Do you know the costumer to whom I spoke?
Do you know the customer that I spoke to?
Noun clause
Clusulas sustantivas
Subject clauses
Como oraciones subjetivas
Ejemplo
What you ordered, has arrived
Object clauses
Como oraciones objetivas
I saw who was in the other room
importante!
En las clusulas dependientes le precede la palabra relativa, es importante
observar que despus de sta, se coloca la siguiente oracin como declarativa
y no como pregunta. Por lo tanto esta seria la estructura:
Correcto: I know what he has just finished
pronoun + verb
Incorrecto: I know what has he finished (no question)
Auxiliary+ pronoun+ verbo
Test 6
Choose the correct answer and complete the sentence
1.-Mr.Wilson,
a) who is an engineer
c) who is a doctor
b) what is an engineer
d) what is a doctor.
is near my house.
b) which
c) what
we go swimming
b) where
c) what
b) who
c)when
b) when
b) that
a) whom
c) where
d) when
c) when
d) where
9.-The tree
a) that
d) who
b) that
8.-Mr Peters
c) whom
c) whom
d) that
d) who
5.-The man
a) what
d) whom
b) what
c) where
d) when
b) which he visited
d) which did he visit
last year?
14.-The ideas
are revolutionary.
b) which he defends
d) which does he defend
16. a) Whatever
b) where
d) who
d) whoever
Mdulo 12
Connecting words for noun clauses
Objetivo:
El estudiante formular oraciones insertando las conjunciones that y whether.
En el mdulo anterior, se mencionaron algunas palabras relativas que
introducan clusulas dependientes a una oracin principal, ste para completar
la idea.
Ahora veremos que la relacin entre la idea principal y la idea subordinante
pueden introducirse
a travs de
una conjuncin subordinante. Estas
conjunciones unen dos clusulas, pero no actan como un elemento dentro
de la misma, incluso la clusula por si sola puede actuar como sujeto, objeto o
complemento de la oracin principal
Las principales conjunciones subordinantes son that and whether or not).
Subordinating conjunctions
Noun clauses
Subject position
That you overslept is a
poor excuse for
tardiness
Object position
that
I think that it is bad to
come late
Whether ( or not)
I doubt whether the car
will run again
complement
It is a miracle that you
are alive
Nominalizacin: IT
La nominalizacin con clusulas sustantivas formadas por:
Adjective + that (what, how much, how, where, whom, etc)
Noun+ that
Verb+ that
Ejemplos
Adjective
It seems obvious that the city police is an important unit of the municipal
administration
It is amazing what firemen do to save human life and property.
It is important to her weight how much she eats.
Noun
It was a miracle that the shark didnt eat you.
It was a disgrace how he tore his clothes.
It seems a shame where he lives
Verb
It pleased me that you subscribe to Time magazine.
It worries me that the roof will leak.
Test 7
Choose the correct answer and complete the sentence
1.-I dont remember
a) that
b) whether
c)how
b) that
c) whether
3.-Students understand
conjunctions
a) that
a) that
a) what
d) which
d) why
6.-It is commendable
a) where
c) how
b) whether
5.-It obvious
d) what
b) whether
d) if
c) when
d) why
b) that
7.-I`m sure
a) that he did burn his finger
b) that he burned his finger
c) which
d) why
Mdulo 13 y 14
Connecting words for adverbial clauses
Objetivo:
El estudiante formar oraciones compuestas usando los diferentes grupos de
conectores.
En este mdulo, estudiaremos otros tipos de conectores
Connecting words
conjunciones
Connector of time: before, after, since, while, when, as
Connector of frequency: as soon as, as often as
Connector of place: where, wherever
Connector of cause: because, since, as, for
Connector of purpose: in order that, so that
Connector of unexpected results: although, even though, unless,
but..anyway
Connector of provision: provided that
Connector of condition: if
Connector of comparison. as if, as though, as.as, whereas
Ejemplos
Time: when?
They stay in their room while I stay in mine
Cause: why?
Many things have happened since I got married
Provision
Provided I have a vacation, I will go with you
Condition
I asked him if he had changed the flat tire
There will be a parade if the weather is good.
Comparison: how?
It smell as if you were preparing supper
She acted as if she had a stomach ache.
She acted as though her stomach ached
She felt as sick as she could be
Whereas yesterday I went to bed at eleven, today Im going to bed at nine.
Test 8
Choose the correct answer and complete the sentence
1.-Please remind me to take my coat
a) until
I leave.
b) since
c) after
c) until
b) until
c) as soon as
b)as soon as
b)as soon as
b)until
d) as often as
c)while
d) before
c) whenever
d) wherever
I can.
b) until
I have my meals.
b) before
c) while
d) as often as
I finish it
d) as often as
c)while
b) as often as
c) while
Im preparing lunch
d) as often as
I come back.
d) since
9:00
a) for
a) until
I got married.
b) while
d) before
b)whatever
c) as soon as
d) since
you lose it.
d) until
Mdulo 15
Uses of sothat and such a..that
Objetivo:
El estudiante reconocer y aplicar las expresiones sothat y such a..that
en oraciones compuestas.
La expresin so..that se usa:
Con adjetivos como: tall, good, sick, frightened, thirsty.
That se puede omitir.
Ejemplo
Ejemplos
Test 9
Choose the correct answer and complete the sentence
1.-It was
hot
a) so/ than
b) such a/ than
expensive
b) so
4.-They made
much noise
a) so/ than
b) such a/ than
6. - They were
a) such a/ that
7.-It was
a) such a
8.-She was
a) so/ that
c) so/ that
d) such a/ that
obedient boys
b) so/ that
c)such/ that
b) so a
d) such a/ that
nice girl
d) while
b) such a/ than
b)so/ than
c) such an
d) so an
b) such a/ that
a) so/ that
d) such a/ that
c) since
formal boy
a) so/ than
10.-Mike is
c) so/ that
a) such
a) such a
d) such a/ that
he couldnt buy it
b) such a/ than
5.-It was
c) so/ that
c) so/than
d) such a/ than
c) so
d) still
b) such a/ that
c) so/ than
d) such a/ than
Mdulo 16
Conjunctive adverbs
Objetivo:
El estudiante unir oraciones independientes introduciendo correctamente las
conjunciones que aaden, contraran o dan resultado de informacin.
La funcin de estos adverbios es unir dos oraciones independientes.
Ejemplo
He wanted to go to the mountains; however, they went to the beach
Evaluation partial 10
Choose the correct answer and complete the sentence
1.-He drove very well
we arrived fast
a) consequently
b) besides
c) however
d) furthermore
b) nevertheless
c) as a result
d) so
b) furthermore
he
c) but
d) otherwise
b) so
he couldnt
c) however
b) nevertheless
a) but
he doesnt have a
c) so
d)beside
d)thus
b) therefore
c) consequently
d) in addition
a) but
c) also
a) beside
b) so
b) so
b) in addition
d) moreover
d)consequently
d) but
she will soon feel like
c) however
d) therefore
to investigate
to connect
to discuss
to distribute
to try to find
to choose
to appear
to raise
to discover
to consider
to search
to indicate
to cancel
to exhaust
to include
to represent
to distribute
to try to find
to choose
Ejemplos:
There are many words to look up (to investigate) in the dictionary.
Will you please turn on (connect) the light?
Have father and his friends talked about (discussed) many things?
Can you me hand out (distribute) the invitations?
Dont pick out (choose) any tomatoes with blemishes!
I looked for (tried to find) my keys everywhere; I dont know where I put them.
Did Hank finally show up? Yes, he appeared around midnight.
Did your uncle bring up? Yes, I became an orphan when I was three. My uncle
raised me.
Did your guests bring up the question of Watergate? Yes, one of the guests
raised the question.
Did Americans find out the truth about the matter? Yes, they discovered what
had happened at Watergate.
Did they think over what they should do? Yes, they considered that
constitutional laws are above any man.
I looked up the girls address last week.
I will be glad to point out (to indicate) the correct highway.
The president said that he would call off (cancel) the meeting.
We ran out of (exhausted) gasoline on our trip to the country.
On my summer vacation Im going to take in (to include) all the sights of
Acapulco.
What do the letters FBI stand for (represent)?
Combinations called Two Word verbs
Para vehculos pequeos
Get in- entrar
Get out of- salir
Ejemplos
The four children are getting in their mothers car now
They are getting out of the car at home now
Para vehculos grandes
Get on- subir
Get off- bajar
Ejemplos
He is getting on the plane now
He will get off the plane.
Test 11
Choose the correct answer and complete the sentence
1.-I
a) showed
b) brought
b) off
c) in
b) on
c) about
b) show
d) call
c) find
d) run
c) find
d) run
c) bring
b) hand
8.-Did you
a) call off
d) at
7.-Can he
a) point
c) up
up the company?
6.-My mother
a) point
d) of
b) into
5.-Must she
a) look
d) with
d)took
c) looked
b) talk
c) find out
d) turn on
for?
c) stand
d) hand
10.-Did you
unfortunately
a) hand out
b)run out
b) turn
b) on
c)find out
d) point out
d) bring
your keys?
c) out
d) for
c) out
d) for