Operación de sistemas (SENR3518-01)

SMCS -

sistema hidraulico
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Ubicación de los componentes
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(1) Cilindro extractor de pasadores. (2) Cilindros de inclinación para el desgarrador. (3) Válvulas de caída rápida. (4) Válvula de control de
inclinación doble. (5) Cilindros de elevación para bulldozer. (6) Cilindro de inclinación para bulldozer. (7) Enfriador de aceite. (8) Válvula de
control de presión (restrictora). (9) Implementar la bomba hidráulica. (10) Válvula de derivación del enfriador. (11) Depósito de aceite y filtro.
(12) Válvula piloto. (13) Válvula de control de la niveladora. (14) Grupo de control del extractor de pasadores. (15) Válvula de control del
desgarrador. (16) Cilindros de elevación para el desgarrador.
El sistema hidráulico controla el funcionamiento de la topadora y el desgarrador. El sistema hidráulico puede ser
diferente de una máquina a otra según el equipamiento opcional que tenga la máquina.

Palancas de control
(17) Palanca de control de la niveladora con doble control de inclinación. (18) Palanca de control del desgarrador. (19) Interruptor extractor de
pasadores.
El sistema hidráulico tiene un diseño de flujo continuo (bucle) que permite una presión mínima en el sistema
cuando las válvulas de control no están activadas. La bomba para el funcionamiento del bulldozer, el desgarrador y
el enfriador de aceite es una bomba de tres secciones (secciones de bomba del extremo de transmisión, del centro
y del extremo de la cubierta).

El aceite de la sección central de la bomba pasa por la válvula de control de presión (válvula restrictiva) que tiene
dos salidas. El aceite de una de las salidas va a las válvulas piloto para la inclinación de la topadora y para la
elevación e inclinación del desgarrador. El aceite a presión no pasa a través de las válvulas piloto cuando todos los
carretes de las válvulas están en posiciones de RETENCIÓN. El aceite de la sección central de la bomba de la
otra salida de la válvula restrictiva entra en la válvula de control de la topadora. El aceite de la sección de la bomba
del lado de transmisión tiene dos salidas. El aceite de una de las salidas va a la válvula de control de elevación e
inclinación del desgarrador. El aceite de la bomba no pasa a través de la válvula de control del desgarrador cuando
los carretes de la válvula del desgarrador están en posiciones de RETENCIÓN. El aceite de la sección de la
bomba del extremo de transmisión de la otra salida de la bomba entra en la válvula de control de la topadora,
donde el aceite de la sección de la bomba central se suma al aceite de la sección de la bomba del extremo de
transmisión. Cuando los carretes de la válvula de control de la topadora están en la posición HOLD, el aceite de la
bomba pasa a través de la válvula de control hasta el elemento filtrante del tanque y hacia el tanque. La sección
del extremo de la tapa de la bomba toma aceite del tanque de aceite y lo envía al enfriador de aceite. El aceite que
entra y sale del enfriador pasa a través de la válvula de derivación del enfriador. El aceite que sale del enfriador a
través de la válvula de derivación regresa al tanque de aceite.

La palanca de control de la topadora (17) controla las operaciones de elevación e inclinación de la topadora. Dos
enlaces están conectados a la palanca. Uno va directamente al carrete de elevación de la topadora. El otro enlace
va a la válvula piloto para el control de inclinación de la topadora.

Piso retirado de la cabina

(8) Válvula restrictiva. (9) Bomba de aceite.
La palanca de control del desgarrador (18) controla las operaciones de elevación e inclinación del desgarrador.
También hay dos enlaces conectados a esta palanca. Uno va a la válvula piloto para controlar la elevación del
desgarrador y el otro va a la válvula piloto para controlar la punta del desgarrador.

El interruptor de control del extractor de pasadores (19) controla el funcionamiento del cilindro extractor de
pasadores en máquinas con un desgarrador de un solo vástago. El interruptor (19) está conectado mediante un
mazo de cables a una válvula solenoide ubicada en un soporte conectado al lado derecho de la cubierta de la
transmisión.

Válvulas piloto (lado derecho del asiento del operador)

(20) Válvula piloto para control de inclinación de la topadora. (21) Válvula piloto para control de elevación del desgarrador. (22) Válvula piloto
para control de punta del desgarrador.

bomba de aceite
Esquema del flujo de aceite de la bomba
La bomba de aceite es una bomba de paletas de tres secciones (cartucho). Está en la parte trasera derecha de la
carcasa del volante. Los componentes de cada cartucho son placas de soporte de entrada y salida, paquetes de
sellos, placas flexibles, anillo de rotor, rotor, paletas e insertos. Para obtener más información sobre bombas de
paletas, consulte el formulario de instrucción especial n.° SMHS7047.

Dado que todas las secciones de la bomba (cartuchos) son iguales, sólo se proporciona la descripción de un
cartucho. El rotor es impulsado dentro del cartucho por el eje. A medida que aumenta la velocidad del rotor, la
acción centrífuga hace que las paletas sigan la forma de leva (contorno con una curva) del anillo del rotor. La
presión del sistema detrás de las paletas y los insertos los mantiene empujados hacia afuera para garantizar que
no haya fugas alrededor de la superficie del anillo del rotor durante el funcionamiento normal.

El anillo del rotor tiene una forma (contorno) con dos cámaras opuestas entre sí que están hechas (formadas) para
evitar cualquier carga hidráulica sobre los cojinetes. La rotación de las paletas y el rotor hace que el área de la
cámara entre las paletas aumente de tamaño en la sección de entrada (diámetro grande) del anillo del rotor. Esto
provoca una baja presión o vacío en la cámara. Esta diferencia de presión hace que el aceite fluya hacia la
entrada, donde se detiene entre las paletas mientras gira. Ahora se envía con fuerza, a través de pasajes en la
placa de presión, a la salida y al sistema a medida que el tamaño de la cámara disminuye en la sección de presión
(diámetro pequeño) del anillo.

Tanque de aceite y filtro

Tanque de aceite y filtro (modelos anteriores)
(1) Tanque de aceite. (2) Válvula de derivación del filtro. (3) Válvula de alivio del disyuntor. (4) Resortes (dos). (5) Elemento filtrante. (6) Tubo
de entrada (retorno de aceite). (7) Tubo. (8) Tubo de salida (bomba de aceite). (9) Desconcierto.

Tanque de aceite y filtro (modelos posteriores)

(1) Tanque de aceite. (2) Válvula de derivación del filtro. (3) Válvula de alivio del disyuntor. (4) Primavera. (5) Elemento filtrante. (6) Tubo de
entrada (retorno de aceite). (8) Tubo de salida (bomba de aceite).
El elemento filtrante (5) es el último componente por el que pasa el flujo principal de aceite en su camino de
regreso al tanque de aceite (1). Durante el funcionamiento normal, el aceite proviene del enfriador de aceite, de las
válvulas de control del bulldozer y del desgarrador y pasa a través del tubo de entrada (6) hasta el elemento
filtrante (5). El elemento filtrante detiene cualquier residuo que haya en el aceite antes de ingresar al tanque.

Si el elemento filtrante se llena de residuos, la restricción del flujo de aceite provoca un aumento de presión fuera
del elemento filtrante. La presión del aceite hace que la válvula de derivación del filtro (2) se mueva contra el
resorte (4) y el aceite va directamente al tanque (a través del tubo (7) y el deflector (9) para modelos anteriores).
Cuando el aceite no pasa a través del elemento filtrante, los residuos en el aceite dañarán los componentes del
sistema hidráulico.

Se debe realizar un mantenimiento correcto para garantizar que el elemento filtrante (5) no se llene de residuos
(obstruido) y detenga el flujo de aceite limpio al sistema hidráulico.

Válvula de control de presión (restrictora)

Válvula de control de presión (restrictora)

(1) Entrada de la bomba. (2) Toma de presión para prueba en T. (3) Salida a válvulas piloto (sistema). (4) Salida a la válvula de control de la
topadora (circuito de inclinación). (5) Válvula. (6) Cuñas. (7) Resortes. (8) Salida al tanque.
El flujo de aceite para el sistema piloto y el circuito de inclinación de la topadora proviene de la sección central de
la bomba. El aceite pasa a la válvula limitadora o de control de presión que está fijada a la bomba.
El aceite entra en la entrada (1) de la bomba. La acción de la válvula (5) y los resortes (7) provocan una presión
mínima de 800 kPa (115 psi) en la salida (3). Esta presión se utiliza en el sistema piloto para activar la inclinación
de la topadora, la elevación del desgarrador y los carretes de la punta del desgarrador. El aceite también se usa
para operar la válvula de control de inclinación doble, si está equipada.

El aceite extra que pasa por la válvula (5) pasa por la salida (4) a la válvula de control de la topadora.

Enfriador de aceite
El enfriador de aceite está en el lado derecho del bloque de cilindros del motor, al lado del enfriador de aceite del
motor y encima del enfriador de aceite del tren de potencia. El refrigerante del motor se divide entre los tres
refrigeradores en la parte delantera del motor. El refrigerante de los tres refrigeradores se junta en la parte trasera
de los refrigeradores y entra en el bloque de cilindros para enfriar el motor.

El enfriador de aceite recibe aceite de la sección del extremo de la cubierta de la bomba de aceite del implemento.
La bomba de aceite toma aceite del tanque de aceite y lo envía a través de la válvula de derivación del enfriador al
enfriador de aceite. El aceite enfriado del enfriador de aceite regresa a través de la válvula de derivación del
enfriador y luego al tanque de aceite.

La válvula de derivación del enfriador tiene instalada una válvula térmica. La válvula térmica se abre cuando la
temperatura del aceite es inferior a 77°C (170°F). Esto permite que el aceite frío fluya directamente a través de la
válvula de derivación hacia el tanque de aceite.

Válvula de purga de aire

Hay una válvula de purga de aire en la línea desde la sección del extremo de transmisión de la bomba de aceite.
Su propósito es eliminar (purgar) el aire del lado de presión de la sección de la bomba del extremo de transmisión.
La válvula de purga de aire funciona sólo cuando la máquina se pone en marcha por primera vez, ya sea cuando
es nueva o después de realizar trabajos de reparación.

Válvula de control de niveladora

Esquema de la válvula de control de la topadora
(1) Válvula piloto para alivio de inclinación. (2) Válvula de descarga para la sección central de la bomba. (3) Válvula de retención de carga
para el extremo del vástago del cilindro de inclinación. (4) Válvula de retención de carga para el extremo de cabeza del cilindro de inclinación.
(5) Inclinar el carrete. (6) Válvula piloto para alivio de elevación de la hoja. (7) Válvula de descarga para la sección del extremo impulsor de la
bomba. (8) Válvula de retención de carga para el circuito de elevación de la hoja. (9) Válvula de compensación para el extremo del vástago
de los cilindros de elevación. (10) Válvula de compensación para el extremo de cabeza de los cilindros de elevación. (11) Retenes (dos). (12)
Levante el carrete. (13) Válvula de lanzadera. (14) Válvula resolutor de bola.
La válvula de control de la topadora tiene dos carretes; uno para levantar y bajar la hoja y otro para inclinar la hoja.
El carrete de la válvula de elevación (12) se opera manualmente y tiene cuatro posiciones; SUBIR, MANTENER,
BAJAR y FLOTAR. Sólo la posición FLOAT tiene retenes y el carrete de la válvula de elevación se debe mover
manualmente desde la posición FLOAT. El carrete de la válvula de inclinación (5) funciona con aceite a presión
piloto y tiene tres posiciones; INCLINAR A LA DERECHA, MANTENER E INCLINAR A LA IZQUIERDA. Ninguna de
estas posiciones tiene retén. El circuito de inclinación obtiene aceite de la sección central de la bomba y cuando
los circuitos no están en uso, el aceite se suma al flujo de aceite de la sección de bomba del extremo de
transmisión hacia el circuito de elevación. Si ninguno de los circuitos está en uso, la válvula de descarga (7) envía
el flujo de aceite al tanque. Tanto el circuito de inclinación como el de elevación tienen válvulas de retención de
carga y válvulas de alivio. El circuito de elevación tiene válvulas auxiliares tanto para los extremos de varilla como
para los extremos de cabeza de los cilindros de elevación.
Circuito de inclinación de excavadora
El carrete de la válvula de inclinación (5) tiene tres posiciones; INCLINAR A LA DERECHA, MANTENER E
INCLINAR A LA IZQUIERDA. Se opera hidráulicamente mediante la presión del aceite piloto desde una válvula
piloto controlada por la palanca de control de la hoja. El movimiento de la palanca hacia la derecha envía aceite de
presión piloto al extremo izquierdo del carrete de la válvula de inclinación (5). Esto mueve el carrete (5) hacia la
derecha y envía aceite desde la sección central de la bomba al extremo de la varilla del cilindro de inclinación y la
hoja se inclina hacia la derecha. El movimiento de la palanca hacia la izquierda envía aceite de presión piloto al
extremo derecho del carrete de la válvula (5). Esto mueve el carrete (5) hacia la izquierda y envía aceite de la
bomba al extremo del cabezal del cilindro de inclinación y la hoja se inclina hacia la izquierda. Cuando se suelta la
palanca de control de la hoja desde las posiciones INCLINACIÓN DERECHA o INCLINACIÓN IZQUIERDA, los
resortes mueven el carrete de la válvula de inclinación (5) de regreso a la posición MANTENER.

Mantén la posición
El aceite de la sección central de la bomba se envía a la válvula de control de la topadora y va al carrete de la
válvula de inclinación (5). En la posición HOLD, el aceite pasa por el carrete de la válvula de inclinación (5) y se
suma al aceite de la sección del extremo de transmisión de la bomba. Luego pasa a la válvula de descarga (7) y
regresa al tanque.

Posición inclinada hacia la derecha

Cuando la palanca de control de la topadora se mueve a la posición INCLINACIÓN DERECHA, el aceite piloto
pasa al extremo izquierdo del carrete de la válvula de inclinación (5). La presión del aceite piloto mueve el carrete
de la válvula de inclinación (5) a la posición INCLINACIÓN DERECHA.

Sección de la válvula de control de la niveladora (carrete de inclinación en la posición de INCLINACIÓN DERECHA)

(1) Válvula piloto. (2) Válvula de descarga. (3) Válvula de retención de carga para el extremo del vástago del cilindro de inclinación. (4)
Válvula de retención de carga para el extremo de cabeza del cilindro de inclinación. (5) Inclinar el carrete. (A) Pasaje al extremo del vástago
del cilindro de inclinación. (B) Pasaje al extremo del cabezal del cilindro de inclinación.
En la posición INCLINACIÓN DERECHA, el aceite de la sección central de la bomba no puede pasar a través de la
válvula de control y la presión del aceite aumenta. El aumento de presión del aceite de la bomba abre la válvula de
retención de carga (3). El aceite de la bomba pasa a través de la válvula de retención de carga abierta, alrededor
del carrete de inclinación y hacia el conducto (A). El aceite de la bomba también pasa a la válvula de alivio (2) y
(1), para el circuito de inclinación. El aceite de la bomba en el conducto (A) va al extremo del vástago del cilindro
de inclinación y mueve el pistón y la varilla hacia el interior del cilindro de inclinación. La varilla del cilindro está
conectada al lado derecho de la topadora, cerca de la parte superior de la hoja. Cuando la varilla se retrae, mueve
el extremo derecho de la hoja hacia abajo a la posición INCLINACIÓN DERECHA.

Cuando se suelta la palanca de control de la topadora, el aceite piloto en el lado izquierdo del carrete de
inclinación (5) puede ir al tanque. El resorte en el extremo derecho del carrete de inclinación (5) mueve el carrete a
la posición HOLD. Ahora, se detiene el aceite en los conductos (A) y (B) y hacia el cilindro de inclinación. El ángulo
de inclinación de la hoja no se puede mover hasta que se mueva la palanca de control de la topadora.

Posición inclinada hacia la izquierda

Cuando el aceite piloto está en el extremo derecho del carrete de inclinación (5), mueve el carrete de inclinación a
la posición INCLINACIÓN IZQUIERDA (sin ilustración) y el aceite de la sección central de la bomba no puede
pasar a través de la válvula de control. La presión del aceite de la bomba central aumenta y abre la válvula de
retención de carga (4) y pasa a través de la válvula de retención de carga hacia el conducto (B). El aceite de la
bomba también pasa a las válvulas de alivio (2) y (1) del circuito de inclinación. El aceite del conducto (B) en el
extremo de la cabeza del cilindro de inclinación mueve el pistón y la varilla fuera del cilindro. A medida que la
varilla del cilindro se extiende, mueve el extremo derecho de la topadora hasta la posición INCLINACIÓN
IZQUIERDA.

Suelte la palanca de control de la topadora y el resorte en el lado izquierdo del carrete de inclinación (5) mueve el
carrete de inclinación a la posición HOLD. Ahora, el aceite en el circuito del cilindro de inclinación se detiene y el
ángulo de inclinación de la hoja de la topadora no se puede mover hasta que se mueva la palanca de control de la
topadora.

Válvula de alivio para el circuito de inclinación de la topadora

Sección de la válvula de control de la topadora (válvula de alivio para el circuito de inclinación)

(1) Válvula piloto para alivio de la inclinación. (2) Válvula de descarga para la sección central de la bomba. (15) Primavera. (16) Sala. (17)
Primavera. (18) Salida al tanque. (19) Orificio. (20) Entrada desde la sección central de la bomba.
La válvula de alivio de presión evita altas presiones que dañarán los componentes del circuito de inclinación. Es
parte de la válvula de control de la topadora.

El aceite, desde la sección central de la bomba, entra a la cámara (20). Desde allí pasa por el orificio (19) a la
cámara (16). La válvula de descarga (2) normalmente se mantiene cerrada por la fuerza del resorte (17).
Cuando la presión del aceite aumenta hasta el ajuste máximo de la válvula de alivio [aproximadamente 19 300 kPa
(2800 psi)], la válvula piloto (1) se abre y el aceite de la cámara (16) va al tanque a través de la salida (18).
Cuando se abre la válvula piloto, la presión en la cámara (16) disminuye. La presión en la cámara (20) es mayor
que la presión en la cámara (16) y la fuerza del resorte (17). La válvula de descarga (2) se mueve contra la fuerza
del resorte (17) y abre un pasaje para que el aceite fluya desde la cámara (20) a la salida (18). Esto permite que el
aceite de la sección central de la bomba regrese directamente al tanque. A medida que la presión en el circuito
vuelve a la normalidad, la válvula piloto (1) se cierra por la fuerza del resorte (15) y la válvula de descarga (2) se
cierra por la fuerza del resorte (17).

Circuito de elevación de excavadora

Sección de la válvula de control de la topadora (carrete de elevación en posición de RETENCIÓN)

(6) Válvula piloto para alivio de elevación de la hoja. (7) Válvula de descarga para la sección del extremo impulsor de la bomba. (8) Válvula
de retención de carga para el circuito de elevación de la hoja. (9) Válvula de compensación para el extremo del vástago de los cilindros de
elevación. (10) Válvula de compensación para el extremo de cabeza de los cilindros de elevación. (11) Retenes (dos). (12) Levante el carrete.
(13) Válvula de lanzadera. (14) Válvula resolutor de bola. (21) Pasaje. (22) Entrada de aceite desde la sección del extremo impulsor de la
bomba. (23) Primavera. (24) Salida al tanque. (25) Resortes (dos). (26) Pasaje. (27) Entrada de aceite piloto a la válvula de lanzadera.
El carrete elevador (12) tiene cuatro posiciones; SUBIR, MANTENER, BAJAR y FLOTAR. Se opera manualmente
mediante la palanca de control de la cuchilla. El movimiento de la palanca hacia atrás envía aceite a presión a los
extremos de las varillas de los cilindros de elevación y la hoja se elevará. El movimiento hacia adelante de la
palanca envía aceite a presión al extremo superior de los cilindros de elevación, bajando la hoja. Si se empuja la
palanca hacia adelante, más allá de la posición BAJAR, pasará a la posición FLOTACIÓN. La posición FLOAT es
la única posición con un retén. En esta posición, la hoja puede moverse libremente hacia arriba o hacia abajo
según las fuerzas externas.

El aceite hidráulico, desde la sección del extremo de transmisión de la bomba, va al carrete de elevación (12) a
través de la entrada (22). Desde allí pasa al pasaje (21) donde se mezcla con el aceite del carrete basculante.

Mantén la posición
Cuando el carrete de la válvula de control de la topadora y la válvula de control del desgarrador están en la
posición HOLD, la presión del aceite de la bomba (tanto en la sección de la bomba del extremo de transmisión
como en la sección de la bomba central) a través de la válvula de control de la topadora se mantiene en
aproximadamente 550 kPa (80 psi).

The pump oil from inlet (22) through passage (21) is in dump valve (7). The force of springs (25) keeps valve (7)
closed. With lift spool (12) in HOLD position, the pump oil in passage (21) can not open load check valve (8) and
the pressure of the pump oil increases. When the pressure of the pump oil in passage (21) gets to 550 kPa (80 psi),
the pump oil has more force than springs (25) and the pump oil moves valve (7). When the pump oil moves valve
(7), the pump oil goes through holes in the valve into outlet passage (24) and returns to the tank. The flow control
action of valve (7), when lift spool (12) is in HOLD position, keeps the pressure of the pump oil in passage (21) at
approximately 550 kPa (80 psi) when the engine is running.

The pump oil can move valve (7) because any oil in the chamber for springs (25) can go through a line into shuttle
valve (13). The oil goes from the shuttle valve through passage (26), through ball resolver valve (14), through
grooves in lift spool (12) and into outlet passage (24) to the tank.

Raise Position

Section Of Bulldozer Control Valve (Lift Spool In RAISE Position)

(6) Pilot valve for blade lift relief. (7) Dump valve for drive end section of pump. (8) Load check valve for blade lift circuit. (9) Make-up valve for
rod end of lift cylinders. (10) Make-up valve for head end of lift cylinders. (12) Lift spool. (13) Shuttle valve. (14) Ball resolver valve. (21)
Passage. (24) Outlet to tank. (C) Passage to rod end of lift cylinders. (D) Passage to head end of lift cylinders.
When lift spool (12) is moved to the RAISE position, the pressure of the pump oil in passage (21) increases and
opens load check valve (8). When the load check valve opens, the springs in dump valve (7) have more force than
the pump oil in passage (21). The springs move dump valve (7) which closes the holes in the dump valve and the
pump oil can not go through the dump valve to the tank.

The pump oil through load check valve (8) goes around lift spool (12) and into passage (C) and to the rod end of
the lift cylinders. The pump oil in passage (C) also goes through ball resolver valve (14) and shuttle valve (13),
through a line into the spring chamber of dump valve (7). With the pressure of the pump oil in both chambers of
dump valve (7) and against pilot valve (6), these two valves are now the relief valve for the bulldozer lift circuit.

The rod end of the lift cylinders are connected to the bulldozer. The pump oil from passage (C) in the rod end of the
lift cylinders moves the pistons and rods farther into the cylinders and the rods lift the bulldozer.
The oil pushed from the head end of the lift cylinders goes into passage (D), in the bulldozer control valve, and into
passage (24) to the tank.

Lower Position
When lift spool (12) is moved to the LOWER position (no illustration), the pump oil in passage (21) opens load
check valve (8) and goes into passage (D) to the head end of the lift cylinders. The pump oil in passage (D) also
goes to ball resolver valve (14) and moves the ball so the pump oil can go to shuttle valve (13). The pump oil from
the shuttle valve goes into the spring chamber of dump valve (7). Valves (6) and (7) are now the relief valve for the
circuit.

The pump oil in the head end of the lift cylinders moves the pistons and rods (connected to the bulldozer) farther
out of the cylinders and the bulldozer is moved down.

The oil pushed from the rod end of the lift cylinders goes through passage (C), in the bulldozer control valve, and
into passage (24) to the tank.

Float Position
When lift spool (12) is held in FLOAT position by the detents on the end of the spool (no illustration), load check
valve (8) is open. The pump oil in passage (21) goes through the open load check valve into passage (D) to the
head end of the lift cylinders and from passage (D) into passage (24) to the tank. The weight of the bulldozer is the
force (gravity) that moves the bulldozer down. The oil from the rod end of the lift cylinders goes through passage
(C) into passage (24) and to the tank. When an outside force moves the bulldozer up, the pressure of the oil in the
rod end of the lift cylinders decreases as the rods move into the lift cylinders. The pressure of the oil in the rod end
circuit and in passage (C) is less than the pressure of the oil in passage (24). The higher pressure of the oil in
passage (24) opens make-up valve (9) to fill the rod end circuit when it needs oil.

The bulldozer control lever must be moved from the FLOAT position to move lift spool (12) from the FLOAT
position.

NOTE: If for some reason a ripper control lever is moved, when the bulldozer control lever is in FLOAT position, the
flow control operation at dump valve (7) changes to a relief valve. When dump valve (7) is a relief valve, the pump
oil in the head end circuit of the bulldozer lift cylinders can lower the bulldozer.

Relief Valve (Main) For Bulldozer Lift And Ripper Circuits (Dump Valve
Operation)
Dump valve (7) works in four different ways:

1. To release (dump) the pump flow when control valves are in HOLD position.
2. As a pressure compensation valve for the pump.

3. To give flow control.

4. As a relief valve for main system operation.

When the blade lift or ripper control spools are in HOLD position, the pressure behind dump valve (7) is the same
as tank pressure plus approximately 550 kPa (80 psi) caused by springs (25). During blade raise or lower, the
pressure in the chamber behind the dump valve is the same as the pressure in the rod or head end of the cylinders
(the end that is getting pump flow at the time). This pressure is felt through ball resolver valve (14) and shuttle valve
(13). With this cylinder pressure plus the spring force behind the dump valve, the pump pressure will be raised to a
level about 550 kPa (80 psi) above the cylinder pressure (pressure compensation). Flow control and fine
modulation is possible because of the constant 550 kPa (80 psi) pressure behind the dump valve.
When the ripper control valve is activated, (raise or tip) pilot pressure oil is sent to inlet (27) where it moves shuttle
valve (13). When the shuttle valve is moved, pump oil in passage (21) then goes through passage (28), through the
shuttle valve and into the spring chamber in dump valve (7). Valves (6) and (7) are now the relief valve for the ripper
circuit in operation. Because the oil from the drive end pump section goes to both passage (21), in the bulldozer
control valve, and to the ripper control valve, the pressure of the oil is always the same in both places.

When lift spool (12) is either in RAISE or LOWER position, the pump oil goes through passages to ball resolver
valve (14). The pump oil from the ball resolver valve goes through passage (26) and shuttle valve (13) to the spring
chamber of dump valve (7). Valves (6) and (7) are now the relief valve for the bulldozer lift circuit. When the pump
oil in the chambers at both ends of dump valve (7) is the same and the pressure of the pump oil is less than the
pressure setting of the relief valve, valve (7) can not be moved. If the pressure of the pump oil gets to
approximately 18 600 kPa (2700 psi), the setting of the relief valve, the force of the pump oil is more than the force
of the spring that keeps pilot valve (6) closed. The high pressure of the pump oil in the spring chamber opens pilot
valve (6) and goes into passage (24) to the tank. Now, the pressure of the oil in the spring chamber of dump valve
(7) is less than the pressure of the pump oil in the other chamber of the valve and the oil moves the valve and
opens it. The pump oil in passage (21) goes through the open valve into passage (24) to the tank and the pressure
of the pump oil can not increase to more than 18 600 kPa (2700 psi).

Section Of Bulldozer Control Valve (Relief Valve For Ripper Circuit)

(6) Pilot valve for blade lift and ripper relief. (7) Dump valve for drive end section of pump. (12) Lift spool (in HOLD position). (13) Shuttle
valve. (14) Ball resolver valve. (21) Passage. (24) Outlet to tank. (25) Springs. (26) Passage. (27) Inlet for pilot oil to shuttle valve. (28)
Passage.

Make-Up Valves
Make-up valves (9) and (10) operate whenever pump pressure becomes less than tank pressure. Pump oil in
passage (21) will open load check valve (8) and go to lift spool (12). When the lift spool is out of HOLD position,
pump oil will go out the bulldozer lift cylinders through passage (C) or (D).

If pump pressure to the lift cylinders becomes less than tank pressure in outlet (24), the make-up valve will open
and let tank oil add with the pump oil. This prevents cavitation in the bulldozer circuit. Make-up valve (9) is used
when pump oil is in passage (C). Make-up valve (10) is used when pump oil is in passage (D).

Load Check Valves

The load check valves in the bulldozer control valve prevent reverse oil flow in the cylinders, which can cause
cylinder drift. Load check valves (3) and (4) are for the bulldozer tilt cylinder. Load check valve (8) is for the
bulldozer lift cylinder.

When lift spool (12) is in LIFT position, pump oil opens load check valve (8) and goes through passage (C) to the
rod end of the bulldozer lift cylinders. If the pump pressure decreases, the pressure of the oil in passage (C) along
with the spring for the load check valve will close load check valve (8) and hold the oil in the rod end of the
cylinders. This prevents any movement of the bulldozer lift cylinders. The operation of all three load check valves is
the same as the example given above.

Quick-Drop Valves
A quick-drop valve is installed on the head end of each of the cylinders for bulldozer lift. These valves will let the
bulldozer drop very fast. The valves also permit the application of down pressure when it is on the ground.

When the bulldozer control valve is moved to the RAISE position, pump oil goes in the quick-drop valve at inlet (1)
through orifice (3), across valve (5) and out through outlet (7) to the rod end of the lift cylinder. A small amount of oil
goes through orifice (2) and fills the chamber behind plunger (4). The pressure of this oil adds to the force of spring
(8) which pushes valve (5) and plunger (4) against cover (6). When valve (5) is pushed against cover (6), head end
outlet (11) is closed from the flow of oil to the rod end of the cylinder. Oil from the head end of the cylinder comes
into the valve at outlet (11) and returns to the control valve through inlet (9).
Quick-Drop Valve Operation (Bulldozer Raise)
(1) Inlet from control valve. (2) Orifice. (3) Orifice. (4) Plunger. (5) Valve. (6) Cover. (7) Outlet to rod end of cylinder. (8) Spring. (9) Inlet from
control valve. (10) Passages (two). (11) Outlet to head end of cylinder. (12) Valve body. (13) Passages (two).

Quick-Drop Valve Operation (Bulldozer Lower, Quick-Drop)

(1) Inlet from control valve. (3) Orifice. (4) Plunger. (5) Valve. (6) Cover. (7) Outlet to rod end of cylinder. (8) Spring. (11) Outlet to head end of
cylinder. (12) Valve body.
When the bulldozer is lowered without resistance, the weight of the bulldozer moves oil from the rod end of the
cylinder, through the quick-drop valve and back to the bulldozer control valve. As the oil goes through orifice (3), a
pressure increase is caused in the rod end of the cylinder. This pressure pushes against the face of valve (5) which
causes it and plunger (4) to move against the force of spring (8). Return oil from the rod end of the cylinder is then
added to the flow of oil from the control valve to the head end of the cylinder. This lets the bulldozer drop very fast.

A small movement of the bulldozer control lever to the LOWER position, lets the bulldozer lower slowly without
quick-drop valve action. In this case, the oil from the rod end of the cylinder, is not enough to cause a pressure
increase large enough to move valve (5) and plunger (4). All of the oil from the rod end goes back to the control
valve. Only pump oil goes to the head end.
Quick-Drop Valve Operation (Bulldozer Lower, Quick-Drop)
(1) Inlet from control valve. (3) Orifice. (4) Plunger. (5) Valve. (8) Spring. (9) Inlet from control valve. (11) Outlet to head end of cylinder.

Quick-Drop Valve Operation (Bulldozer Lower, Down Pressure)

(1) Inlet from control valve. (2) Orifice. (3) Orifice. (4) Plunger. (5) Valve. (6) Cover. (7) Outlet to rod end of cylinder. (8) Spring. (10) Passages
(two). (11) Outlet to head end of cylinder. (13) Passages (two).
When the bulldozer is lowered to the ground and resistance to additional movement is more than the weight of the
bulldozer, oil from the rod end of the cylinder decreases. As the oil through orifice (3) decreases and the force of
spring (8) moves valve (5) and plunger (4) back against cover (6). All return oil goes to the control valve. All pump
oil goes to the head end of the cylinder. Passages (13) let part of the pump oil fill the space between plunger (4)
and valve (5). Hydraulic force is then available to hold valve (5) against cover (6).

Passages (10) in plunger (4) prevent a hydraulic lock as the plunger moves past orifice (2).

Ripper Lift And Tip Control Valve

Schematic Of Ripper Lift And Tip Control Valve (earlier models) (Lift Valve Spool In Raise Position)
(1) Outlet to tank. (2) Make-up valve for head end of lift cylinders. (3) Passage. (4) Passage for pilot oil. (5) Spring. (6) Make-up valve for
ripper circuit. (7) Load check valve for ripper circuit. (8) Lift valve spool. (9) Passage for pilot oil. (10) Inlet from drive end section of pump. (11)
Tip valve spool. (A) Passage to rod end of lift cylinders. (B) Passage to head end of lift cylinders.
Schematic of Ripper Lift and Tip Control Valve (later models) (Lift Valve Spool in Raise Position)
(1) Outlet to tank. (2) Make-up valve for head end of lift cylinder. (3) Passage. (4) Passage for pilot oil. (5) Spring. (7) Load check valve for
ripper circuit. (8) Lift valve spool. (9) Passage for pilot oil. (10) Inlet from large section of pump. (11) Tip valve spool. (15) Make-up valve for
head end of tip cylinder. (A) Passage to rod end of lift cylinders. (B) Passage to head end of lift cylinders.
The ripper lift and tip control valve has two valve spools (lift and tip), two makeup valves and a load check valve.
Lift valve spool (8) is operated with pilot oil pressure and has three positions; RAISE, HOLD and LOWER. Tip valve
spool (11) is operated by pilot oil pressure and has three positions; SHANK IN, HOLD and SHANK OUT. There are
not any detents for either valve spool. Movement of the ripper control lever to the left causes the ripper to lift and
movement to right causes the ripper to lower. When the ripper control lever is moved forward, the ripper tip moves
toward the machine (SHANK IN). Pull the lever back and the ripper tip moves away from the machine (SHANK
OUT).

Ripper Lift Circuit

Hold Position
Hydraulic oil from the drive end section of the pump is sent through inlet (10). In the HOLD Position, the oil at lift
valve spool (8) is stopped (blocked) and oil goes back to tank through the bulldozer control valve.

Raise Position
When the ripper control lever is moved to the RAISE position, pilot oil goes into passage (4). The pressure of the
pilot oil moves lift valve spool (8) away from the HOLD position. The oil, from inlet (10), now opens load check valve
(7) and goes around the lift valve spool into passage (A). The oil in passage (A) goes to the rod end of the ripper lift
cylinder, causes the cylinder rods to retract and the ripper raises.

The oil, pushed from the head end of the ripper lift cylinders, goes into passage (B), around lift valve spool (8),
through passage (3) and back to the tank.

When the ripper control lever is released, the pilot oil in passage (4) can go to the tank. Spring (5) moves the lift
valve back to the HOLD position. The oil in passages (A) and (B) is blocked and holds the ripper in position until the
ripper control lever is moved again.

Lower Position
When the pilot oil is in passage (9), it moves lift valve spool (8) to the LOWER position. The pump oil, from inlet
(10), opens load check valve (7), goes around lift valve spool (8) and into passage (B) to the head end of the ripper
lift cylinders. This causes the cylinder rods to extend and the ripper lowers.

The oil, pushed from the rod end of the ripper lift cylinders, goes into passage (A), around lift valve spool (8),
through passage (3) and back to the tank.

When the ripper control lever is released, spring (5) moves the lift valve spool to the HOLD position. The oil in
passages (A) and (B) is blocked and holds the ripper in position until the ripper control lever is moved again.

Make-Up Valve (2) For Head End Of Lift Cylinders

This valve operates whenever the ripper is lowered (dropped) quickly. When lift valve spool (8) is in the LOWER
position, pump pressure is in passage (B) to the head end of the lift cylinders and tank pressure (return oil) is in
passages (A) and (3) from the rod end of the lift cylinders.

When pump pressure becomes less than tank pressure, make-up valve (2) will open and let tank oil add with pump
oil. This prevents cavatation in the head end of the lift cylinders and prevents any delay or "pause time" in the
operation of the ripper.

Make-Up Valve (6) For Ripper Circuit (earlier models)

This valve operates whenever pump pressure becomes less than tank pressure. Pump oil from inlet (10) will open
load check valve (7) and go to the lift spool. This pump oil goes into the spring chamber between the load check
valve and make-up valve (6). If the tank pressure becomes greater than the pump pressure and the spring force,
make-up valve (6) will open and permit tank oil from passage (3) to go through the spring chamber and load check
valve (7) and add to the pump oil. This prevents cavitation in the ripper circuit.

Load Check Valve

Load check valve (7) prevents reverse oil flow in the cylinders, which can cause cylinder drift. For example, when
lift valve spool (8) is in LIFT position, pump oil opens load check valve (7) and goes through passage (A) to the rod
end of the ripper cylinders. If the pressure at inlet (10) decreases, the pressure of the oil in passage (A) along with
the spring for the load check valve will close load check valve (7) and hold the oil in the rod end of the lift cylinders.
This prevents any movement of the ripper lift cylinders and will not permit the ripper to drop.
Ripper Tip Circuit (earlier models)

PSP
202 -0006
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Schematic Of Ripper Lift And Tip Control Valve (earlier models) (Tip Spool In SHANK IN Position)
(1) Outlet to tank. (2) Make-up valve for head end of lift cylinders. (3) Passage. (4) Passage for pilot oil. (5) Spring. (6) Make-up valve for
ripper circuit. (7) Load check valve for ripper circuit. (8) Lift spool. (9) Passage for pilot oil. (10) Inlet from drive end section of pump. (11) Tip
valve spool. (12) Passage for pilot oil. (13) Spring. (14) Passage for pilot oil. (C) Passage to head end of tip cylinders. (D) Passage to rod end
of tip cylinders.

Hold Position
The operation of tip valve spool (11) is the same as the operation of lift valve spool (8). Hydraulic oil from the large
section of the pump is sent through inlet (10). When both spools are in HOLD position, no oil goes out of the control
valve (the oil is blocked by the spools). Lift valve spool (8) does not stop the flow of oil to tip valve spool (11) in any
position.

Shank In Position
When the pilot oil is in passage (14) it moves tip valve spool (11) to the SHANK IN position. The pump oil, from inlet
(10) opens load check valve (7), goes around lift valve spool (8) and tip valve spool (11) into passage (C) to the
head end of the ripper tip cylinders. This causes the cylinder rods to extend and the ripper tip moves toward the
machine.

The oil, pushed from the rod end of the ripper tip cylinders, goes into passage (D), around tip valve spool (11) and
lift valve spool (8), through passage (3) and back to the tank.

When the ripper control lever is released, spring (13) moves the tip valve spool to the HOLD position. The oil in
passages (C) and (D) is blocked and holds the ripper tip in position until the ripper control lever is moved again.

NOTE: See the section RIPPER LIFT circuit for the operation of make-up valves (2) and (6) and load check valve
(7).

Shank Out Position

When the ripper control lever is moved to the SHANK OUT position, pilot oil (from the pilot valve for ripper tip
control) goes into passage (12). The pressure of the pilot oil moves tip valve spool (11) away from the HOLD
position. The oil, from inlet (10), now opens load check valve (7) and goes around the lift and tip valve spools into
passage (D). The oil in passage (D) goes to the rod end of the ripper tip cylinders, causes the cylinder rods to
retract and the ripper tip moves away from the machine.

The oil, pushed from the head end of the ripper tip cylinders, goes into passage (C), around tip valve spool (11) and
lift valve spool (8), through passage (3) and back to the tank.

When the ripper control lever is released, the pilot oil in passage (12) can go to the tank. Spring (13) moves the tip
valve spool back to the HOLD position. The oil in passages (C) and (D) is blocked and holds the ripper tip in
position until the ripper control lever is moved again.

Ripper Tip Circuit (later models)

Schematic of Ripper Lift and Tip Control Valve (Tip Spool in SHANK OUT Position)
(1) Outlet to tank. (2) Make-up valve for head end of lift cylinders. (3) Passage. (4) Passage for pilot oil. (5) Spring. (7) Load check valve for
ripper circuit. (8) Lift spool. (9) Passage for pilot oil. (10) Inlet from large section of pump. (11) Tip valve spool. (12) Passage for pilot oil. (13)
Spring. (14) Passage for pilot oil. (15) Make-up valve for rod end of tip cylinders. (C) Passage to head end of tip cylinders. (D) Passage to rod
end of tip cylinders.

Hold Position
The operation of tip valve spool (11) is the same as the operation of lift valve spool (8). Hydraulic oil from the large
section of the pump is sent through inlet (10). When both spools are in HOLD position, no oil goes out of the control
valve (the oil is blocked by the spools). Lift valve spool (8) does not stop the flow of oil to tip valve spool (11) in any
position.

Shank Out Position

When the pilot oil is in passage (14) it moves tip valve spool (11) to the SHANK OUT position. The pump oil, from
inlet (10) opens load check valve (7), goes around lift valve spool (8) and tip valve spool (11) into passage (D) to
the rod end of the ripper tip cylinders. This causes the cylinder rods to retract and the ripper tip moves away from
the machine.

The oil, pushed from the head end of the ripper tip cylinders, goes into passage (C), around tip valve spool (11) and
lift valve spool (8), through passage (3) and back to the tank.

When the ripper control lever is released, spring (13) moves the tip valve spool to the HOLD position. The oil in
passages (C) and (D) is blocked and holds the ripper tip in position until the ripper control lever is moved again

NOTE: See the section RIPPER LIFT circuit for the operation of make-up valves (2) and (6) and load check valve
(7).

Shank In Position
When the ripper control lever is moved to the SHANK IN position, pilot oil (from the pilot valve for ripper tip control)
goes into passage (12). The pressure of the pilot oil moves tip valve spool (11) away from the HOLD position. The
oil, from inlet (10), now opens load check valve (7) and goes around the lift and tip valve spools into passage (C).
The oil in passage (C) goes to the head end of the ripper tip cylinders, and causes the cylinder rods to extend and
the ripper tip moves toward the machine.

The oil, pushed from the rod end of the ripper tip cylinders, goes into passage (D), around tip valve spool (11) and
lift valve spool (8), through passage (3) and back to the tank.

When the ripper control lever is released, the pilot oil in passage (12) can go to the tank. Spring (13) moves the tip
valve spool back to the HOLD position. The oil in passages (C) and (D) is blocked and holds the ripper tip in
position until the ripper control lever is moved again.

Pilot System

Bulldozer Tilt Hydraulic System (TILT RIGHT Position)

(1) Selector stem. (2) Pilot valve for bulldozer tilt control. (3) Pilot valve for ripper lift control. (4) Pilot valve for ripper tip control. (5) Pilot oil line
from restrictor valve. (6) Center pump section. (7) Drive end pump section. (8) Restrictor (pressure control) valve. (9) Pilot oil line to bulldozer
tilt spool. (10) Pilot oil line to bulldozer tilt spool. (11) Bulldozer tilt spool. (12) Pressure oil line from restrictor valve. (13) Line to rod end of tilt
cylinder. (14) Outlet to tank. (15) Line to bulldozer control valve. (16) Line to ripper control valve. (17) Line to head end of tilt cylinder. (18)
Bulldozer tilt cylinder. (19) Line from shuttle valve to relief valve. (20) Passage to shuttle valve. (21) Shuttle valve. (22) Line to shuttle valve.
There can be as many as three pilot valves in the pilot system: pilot valve (2) for bulldozer tilt control, pilot valve (3)
for ripper lift control and pilot valve (4) for ripper tip control. The pilot valves are the closed center type. There is no
oil flow through the pilot valves when the spools are in the HOLD position. Each valve is held (centered) by springs.

These valves are used in two combinations according to the optional equipment that is on the machine. The
bulldozer tilt (one valve) combination is standard on all machines. The bulldozer tilt and ripper lift and tip (three
valves) is an optional combination used on machines with a ripper. For the explanation of the pilot system, the
three-valve combination will be used.

Tilt Right Operation Of The Bulldozer

Move the bulldozer control lever to the right and the lever moves the valve spool in pilot valve (2).

The oil of pump section (6), from restrictor valve (8) in pilot valve (2), goes through line (9) to the end of bulldozer
tilt spool (11). The pressure of the pilot oil moves tilt spool (11) to the TILT RIGHT position. Now, the pump oil from
line (12) in the bulldozer control valve can not go through outlet (14) to the tank and the pressure of the oil
increases. The increased pressure of the oil from line (12) opens the load check valve in the bullozer control valve,
goes around tilt spool (11) and through line (13) to the rod end of tilt cylinder (18). The pump oil in the rod end
moves the rod (connected to the right end of the bulldozer) farther into tilt cylinder (18) which lowers the right end of
the bulldozer to a TILT RIGHT position.

When tilt spool (11) is moved, it closes off the flow of oil from pump section (6) to the bulldozer lift circuit. This does
not prevent the bulldozer circuit from operation. If the bulldozer lift circuit is activated at the same time as the
bulldozer tilt circuit, both circuits will operate.

Tilt Left Operation Of The Bulldozer

Move the bulldozer control lever to the left and the pilot oil goes through line (10) to the end of tilt spool (11). The
pressure of the pilot oil moves tilt spool (11) to the TILT LEFT position (no illustration). The pump oil from line (12) in
the bulldozer control valve goes through line (17) to the head end of tilt cylinder (18). The pump oil in the head end
moves the rod (connected to the right end of the bulldozer) farther out of tilt cylinder (18) and pushes the end of the
bulldozer up to a TILT LEFT position.

Raise Operation Of The Ripper

Ripper Lift Hydraulic System (earlier models) (RAISE Position)
(1) Selector stem. (2) Pilot valve for bulldozer tilt control. (3) Pilot valve for ripper lift control. (4) Pilot valve for ripper tip control. (5) Pilot oil line
from restrictor valve. (6) Center pump section. (7) Drive end pump section. (8) Restrictor (pressure control) valve. (15) Line to bulldozer control
valve. (16) Line to ripper control valve. (22) Line to shuttle valve. (23) Pilot oil line to ripper lift spool. (24) Pilot oil line to ripper lift spool. (25)
Ripper lift cylinders. (26) Load check valve. (27) Ripper lift spool.
Move the ripper control lever to the LIFT position and the control lever moves the valve spool in pilot valve (3) for
ripper lift control. The oil of pump section (6), from restrictor valve (8) in pilot valve (3), goes through line (23) to the
end of lift spool (27). At the same time, pilot oil goes through line (22) and moves shuttle valve (21) in the bulldozer
control valve. When the shuttle valve is moved, oil from line (15) in the bulldozer control valve goes through
passage (20), the shuttle valve and line (19). This action changes a flow control valve to a relief valve for the ripper
circuit. Now, no oil goes through line (15) and all of the oil from pump sections (6) and (7) goes to load check valve
(26) in the ripper control valve. The pilot oil in line (23) moves lift spool (27) to the LIFT position. The pressure of the
oil from pump sections (6) and (7) opens load check valve (26), goes around lift spool (27) and through lines to the
rod end of lift cylinders (25). The pump oil moves the rods (connected to the ripper) farther into lift cylinders (25)
and the ripper lifts.

Lower Operation Of The Ripper

Move the ripper control lever to the LOWER position and the pilot oil from pilot valve (3) goes through line (24) to
the end of lift spool (27). Pilot oil also goes through line (22) to move shuttle valve (21) in the bulldozer control valve
which stops the oil through line (15). All of the oil from pump sections (6) and (7) now goes to load check valve (26).
The pilot oil in line (24) moves lift spool (27) to the LOWER position (no illustration). The pressure of the oil from
pump section (7) opens load check valve (26), goes around lift spool (27) and through lines to the head end of lift
cylinders (25). The pump oil moves the rods (connected to the ripper) farther out of lift cylinders (25) and the ripper
is pushed down.

Shank In Operation Of The Ripper

Ripper Tip Hydraulic System (earlier models) (SHANK IN Position)
(1) Selector stem. (2) Pilot valve for bulldozer tilt control. (3) Pilot valve for ripper lift control. (4) Pilot valve for ripper tip control. (5) Pilot oil line
from restrictor valve. (6) Center pump section. (7) Drive end pump section. (8) Restrictor (pressure control) valve. (15) Line to bulldozer control
valve. (16) Line to ripper control valve. (22) Line to shuttle valve. (26) Load check valve. (28) Pilot oil line to ripper tip spool. (29) Pilot oil line to
ripper tip spool. (30) Ripper tip cylinders. (31) Ripper tip spool.
Move the ripper control lever to the SHANK IN position and the lever moves the valve spool in pilot valve (4) for
ripper tip control. The oil of pump section (7), from restrictor valve (8) in pilot valve (4), goes through line (29), to the
end of tip spool (31). At the same time, pilot oil goes through line (22) and moves shuttle valve (21) in the bulldozer
control valve. When the shuttle valve is moved, oil from line (15) in the bulldozer control valves goes through line
(20), the shuttle valve and line (19) to change a flow control valve to a relief valve for the ripper circuit. Now, no oil
goes through line (15) and all of the oil from pump sections (6) and (7) goes to load check valve (26) in the ripper
control valve. The pilot oil in line (29) moves tip spool (31) to the SHANK IN position. Now, the pump oil in line (16)
opens load check valve (26), goes around tip spool (31) and through lines to the head end of tip cylinders (30). The
pump oil moves the pistons and rods farther out of the tip cylinders and the ripper is pushed toward the machine.

Shank Out Operation Of The Ripper

Move the ripper control lever to the SHANK OUT position and the pilot oil from pilot valve (4) goes through line (28)
to the end of tip spool (31). Pilot oil also goes through line (22) to move shuttle valve (21) in the bulldozer control
valve which stops the oil through line (15). All of the oil from pump sections (6) and (7) now goes to load check
valve (26). The pilot oil in the (28) moves tip spool (31) to the SHANK OUT position. The pressure of the oil from
pump section (7) opens load check valve (26), goes through tip spool (31) and through lines to the rod end of tip
cylinders (30). The pump oil moves the rods (connected to the ripper) farther into of the tip cylinders and the ripper
is pulled away from the machine.

Lower Operation Of The Ripper (Engine Not Running)

Ripper Lower With Engine Not Running (earlier models)
(1) Selector stem. (3) Pilot valve for ripper lift control. (5) Pilot oil line from restrictor valve. (8) Restrictor (pressure control) valve. (23) Pilot oil
line to ripper lift spool. (24) Pilot oil line to ripper lift spool. (25) Ripper lift cylinders. (27) Ripper lift spool. (32) Line to selector stem. (33) Make-
up valve for head end of lift cylinders. (34) Make-up valve for ripper circuit.
The ripper can be lowered to the ground when the engine is stopped.

When the engine is stopped, there is no oil from the small pump section to restrictor valve (8) and pilot oil pressure
is needed to move lift spool (27) in the ripper control valve. There is no oil pressure through pilot oil line (5) so the
spring at selector stem (1) moves the stem down.

The oil in the rod end of ripper lift cylinders (25) has pressure because the weight of the ripper pulls (gravity) on the
rods. The rod end pressure oil goes through line (32) and around selector stem (1) to pilot valve (3) for ripper lift
control.

Move the ripper control lever to the LOWER position and it moves the valve spool in pilot valve (3) which lets the
pressure oil in line (32) go through pilot valve (3) and through line (24) to lift spool (27). The pressure of the oil in
line (24) moves lift spool (27) to the LOWER position. Now, the drain passage for the rod end is open to the tank.
The pump passage to the head end of lift cylinders (25) is open but there is no pump oil for the head ends. The
weight of the ripper moves the rods farther out of the cylinders and the pressure of the oil in the head ends
decreases. When the pressure of the oil in the head ends is less than the pressure of the oil in the tank, the
pressure of the tank oil opens make-up valves (33) and (34). The tank oil goes through the open make-up valves
into the head ends of the cylinders, as the rods move out of the cylinders, until the ripper is on the ground.

NOTE: As the ripper moves down, it can be stopped by releasing the control lever (the lever goes to the HOLD
position). Move the control lever to the LOWER position again if the ripper is not on the ground.

Pin Puller Hydraulic System (Single Shank Rippers)

Pin Puller Hydraulic System
(1) Pin puller hydraulic cylinder. (2) Pin puller control valve. (3) Toggle switch. (4) Line (to head end of cylinder). (5) Line (to rod end of
cylinder). (6) Transmission oil pump. (7) Transmission oil filter.
Pin puller control valve (2) is a three position valve. The position are: ENGAGE, HOLD and DISENGAGE. Pressure
oil for the pin puller circuit comes from transmission pump (6). Return oil from the system goes back to the
transmission. Pin puller cylinder (1) is installed on the ripper. Linkage connects the cylinder rod to the pin. The pin
can be engaged or disengaged to change the position of the ripper shank.

Pin puller control valve (2) is a closed center solenoid valve that is operated by toggle switch (3) in the cab. Toggle
switch (3) is a locking switch that must be pulled up before it can be moved to an operating position. When the
toggle switch is moved to an operating position, pressure oil goes through the control valve to line (4) or (5). Oil
through line (4) to the head end of the pin puller cylinder will engage the pin. Oil through line (5) will disengage the
pin.

Location Of Pin Puller Control Valve (2).

Schematic Of Dual Tilt Control Valve In Dual Tilt Position
(1) Line from the bulldozer control valve. (2) Dual tilt control valve. (3) Chamber for pilot oil. (4) Dual tilt cylinder. (5) Line from the bulldozer
control valve. (6) Passage to tank for solenoid valve. (7) Passage for pilot oil. (8) Port to head end of right dual tilt cylinder. (9) Chamber for
pump oil from the bulldozer control valve. (10) Port to rod end of right dual tilt cylinder. (11) Chamber for pump oil from the bulldozer control
valve. (12) Passage for pilot oil. (13) Passage for pilot oil to the solenoid valve. (14) Solenoid valve. (15) Stem in dual tilt control valve. (16)
Chamber for pilot oil. (17) Port to rod end of left dual tilt cylinder. (18) Dual tilt cylinder. (19) Switch handle. (S1) Coil for tip operation of the
cylinders. (S2) Coil for single tilt operation of the cylinders.

Dual Tilt Control Valve

Dual tilt control valve (2) is an attachment that gives the tilt cylinder hydraulic circuit three different types of
operation: DUAL TILT, SINGLE TILT and TIP. The control valve is installed in the radiator guard. It is activated by
pilot oil pressure from the restrictor valve. Solenoid valve (14) directs the pilot oil to the ends of stem (15). Switch
handle (19) controls the operation of the solenoid valve with a toggle switch for SINGLE TILT operation and a push
button switch for TIP operation.

Dual Tilt Operation

When solenoid valve (14) is not energized by switch handle (19), dual tilt control valve (2) is in the DUAL TILT
position. This means that tilt cylinders (4) and (18) will move in opposite directions.

When the bulldozer control lever is moved to the TILT RIGHT position, pump oil from the bulldozer control valve tilt
circuit is sent through line (1) to the head end of dual tilt cylinder (4). As cylinder (4) extends, oil from the rod end
goes to port (17) of the dual tilt control valve. The oil then goes around stem (15) through port (10) to the rod end of
dual tilt cylinder (18). As cylinder (18) retracts, oil from the head end of the cylinder goes to port (8) of the dual tilt
control valve. The oil then goes around stem (15) to chamber (9) and then to tank through line (5) and the bulldozer
control valve. This action of the two dual tilt cylinders causes the blade to tilt to the right. When the control lever is
released, oil is blocked to the cylinders and the blade will stay tilted to the right until the control lever is moved
again.
To tilt the blade to the left, the bulldozer control lever is moved to the TILT LEFT position. Pump oil from the
bulldozer control valve tilt circuit is sent through line (5) to chambers (9) and (11). Since oil to chamber (11) is
stopped, the oil flow goes to chamber (9) and around stem (15) to port (8). Oil then goes to the head end of dual tilt
cylinder (18). As the cylinder extends, oil from the rod end of cylinder (18) goes to port (10). Oil at port (10) goes
around stem (15) to port (17) and then to the rod end of dual tilt cylinder (4). As the cylinder retracts, oil from the
head end of cylinder (4) goes to tank through line (1) and the bulldozer control valve. This action of the two dual tilt
cylinders causes the blade to tilt left. When the control lever is released, oil is blocked to the cylinders and the blade
will stay tilted to the left until the control lever is moved again.

Single Tilt Operation

When the toggle switch on switch handle (19) is moved to the ON position, coil S2 of solenoid valve (14) is
energized. Pilot oil, from the restrictor valve in passage (13) goes through the solenoid valve to passage (7). Oil
through passage (7) goes to chamber (3) and moves stem (15) down to the SINGLE TILT position. This blocks oil in
dual tilt cylinder (18) and lets it act as a brace. Dual tilt cylinder (4) now acts as a single tilt cylinder.

When bulldozer control lever is moved to the TILT RIGHT position, pump oil from the bulldozer control valve tilt
circuit is sent through line (1) to the head end of dual tilt cylinder (4). As cylinder (4) extends, oil from the rod end
goes to port (17) of the dual tilt control valve. The oil then goes around stem (15) to chamber (9) and back to tank
through line (5) and the bulldozer control valve. This action of cylinder (4) causes the blade to tilt to the right. When
the control lever is released, oil is blocked to cylinder (4) and the blade will stay tilted to the right until the control
lever is moved again.

To tilt the blade to the left, the bulldozer control lever is moved to the TILT LEFT position. Pump oil from the
bulldozer control valve tilt circuit is sent through line (5) to chambers (9) and (11). Since oil to chamber (11) is
stopped, the oil flow goes to chamber (9) and around stem (15) to port (17). Oil then goes to the rod end of dual tilt
cylinder (4). As cylinder (4) retracts, oil from the head end goes to tank through line (1) and the bulldozer control
valve. This action of cylinder (4) causes the blade to tilt left. When the control lever is released, oil is blocked to
cylinder (4) and the blade will stay tilted to the left until the control lever is moved again.

Tip Operation
When the trigger lever on switch handle (19) is pulled back and held, the push button switch of handle (19) is
moved to the ON position. This causes coil S1 of solenoid valve (14) to energize. If the toggle switch on switch
handle (19) is in the ON position, the coil S2 will be denergized when the trigger lever is pulled. This means that the
tip function of the blade has priority over either the dual tilt or single tilt functions. With coil S1 energized, pilot oil
from the restrictor valve in passage (13) goes through the solenoid valve to passage (12). Oil through passage (12)
goes to chamber (16) and moves stem (15) up to the TIP position. Oil in chamber (3) goes through passage (7) to
the solenoid valve and then to tank through passage (6). When dual tilt control valve (2) is in the TIP position, the
dual tilt cylinders move in the same direction to tip the blade forward or back.

To move the blade forward, the bulldozer control lever with the trigger lever held back is moved to the right or TIP
FORWARD position. Pump oil from the bulldozer control valve tilt circuit is sent through line (1) to the head end of
dual tilt cylinder (4). Oil from the rod end of cylinder (4) as it extends goes to port (17) of dual tilt control valve (2).
The oil then goes around stem (15) to port (8) and then to the head end of dual tilt cylinder (18). As cylinder (18)
extends, rod end oil from the cylinder goes to port (10) and into chamber (11) of the control valve. This oil then goes
to tank through line (5) and the bulldozer control valve. This action of the cylinders causes the blade to tip forward.
When the control lever is released, the blade will stay tipped forward until the trigger lever is held and the control
lever is moved again.

Cuando se mantiene presionada la palanca del gatillo y la palanca de control de la topadora se mueve a la
posición izquierda o INCLINAR HACIA ATRÁS, el aceite de la bomba desde la válvula de control de la topadora se
 c.
envía a través de la línea (5) a las cámaras (9) y (11). Dado que el aceite que va a la cámara (9) está detenido, el
flujo de aceite va a la cámara (11) y alrededor del vástago (15) al puerto (10). Luego, el aceite va al extremo de la
varilla del cilindro de doble inclinación (18). A medida que el cilindro (18) se retrae, el extremo de la cabeza del
aceite del cilindro va al puerto (8). Luego, este aceite recorre el vástago (15) hasta el puerto (17) y luego hasta el
extremo del vástago del cilindro de inclinación doble (4). El aceite del extremo de cabeza del cilindro (4) a medida
que se retrae, va al tanque a través de la línea (1) y la válvula de control de la topadora. Esta acción de los
cilindros hace que la hoja se incline hacia atrás. Cuando se suelta la palanca de control, la hoja permanecerá
inclinada hacia atrás hasta que se mantenga presionada la palanca del gatillo y se mueva nuevamente la palanca
de control.

PSP-0006DF44
2024/04/21
17:33:46-03:00
SENR35180001
© 2024 Caterpillar Inc.