1352 და 1356 წლების ორი კინკლოსური მინაწერი

XIII
1352 da 1356 wlebis ori kinklosuri minaweri
ivane abuserisZis, patroni siTixaTunisa
da amirspasalar aRbuRas moxseniebiT
(teqstis dadgena, istoriul-wyaroTmcodneobiTi analizi)
Temo jojua, irma beriZe
xelnawerTa erovnuli centris qarTuli xelnaweri wignebis A koleq
ciaSi 85-e nomriT daculia sagaloblebis krebuli, igive A-85,
romlis pirveli, etratze Sesrulebuli nawili (1r-385v) 1233 wels
aris ga dawerili, xolo meore, qaRaldze Sesrulebuli da XVI saukuniT
daTariRebuli nawili (386r-488v), xelnawerze mogvianebiT aris mi kin-
Zuli.1
A-85-Si sxvadasxva xasiaTis oTxmocdaCvidmeti teqstia warmodge
nili. aqedan, sawyisi oTxmocdaTormeti teqsti krebulis pirvel,
1 abuserisZe tbeli, Txzulebani, teqsti gamosacemad moamzades, gamokvleva,
leqsikoni da saZieblebi daurTes nargiza goguaZem, mixeil qavTariam da raul
Cagunavam (baTumi, 1998), 324-326, 335. xelnaweris aRweriloba gamoqveynebulia
Svidgzis: pirvelad – 1897 wels, Tedo Jordanias mier; meored – 1903 wels, imave
Tedo Jordanias mier, rusul enaze; mesamed – 1941 wels, levan musxeliSvilis
mier (mkvlevars aRwerili aqvs xelnaweris mxolod erTi nawili); meoTxed – 1963
wels, iuri sixaruliZis mier; mexuTed – 1981 wels, imave iuri sixaruliZis mier;
meeqvsed – Tamar bregaZis mier; meSvided – nargiza goguaZis, mixeil qavTariasa
da raul Cagunavas mier; qronikebi da sxva masala saqarTvelos istoriisa da mwerlobisa,
qronologiurad dawyobili da axsnili Tedo Jordanias mier. II (tfilisi,
1897), 103-111; Описание рукописей Тифлисскаго Церковнаго Музея Карталино-

Кахетинского
Духовенствa, Составил Федор Жордания, I (Тифлис, 1903), 81-85; abuserisZe tbeli, bolokbasilis
mSenebloba SuartyalSi da abuserisZeTa sagvareulo matiane, 1233 wlis
teqsti, gamosca levan musxeliSvilma (Tbilisi, 1941), 27-52; iuri sixaruliZe, tbel
abuserisZe, XIII saukunis qarTveli mwerali (Tbilisi, 1963), 37-38; tbel abuserisZe,
cxovreba qviTxuroisa basilisa, gamosacemad moamzada, gamokvleva da leqsikoni
daurTo iuri sixaruliZem (baTumi, 1981), 18-20; qarTul xelnawerTa aRweriloba,
yofili saeklesio muzeumis (A) koleqciisa, tomi I1, Seadgines da dasabeWdad
moamzades Tamar bregaZem, mixeil qavTariam da lili quTaTelaZem, elene metrevelis
redaqciiT (Tbilisi, 1973), 282-297; abuserisZe tbeli, Txzulebani, 312-333.
222 Temo jojua, irma beriZe
etratze daweril nawils miekuTvneba, xolo bolo xuTi teqsti – xelnaweris
meore, qaRaldze Sesrulebul nawils.2
A-85-Si warmodgenili teqstebidan gansakuTrebul yuradRebas
ipyrobs XIII saukunis saxelovani qarTveli mwignobrisa da mecnieris
tbel abuserisZis mier Sedgenili originaluri xasiaTis sami Txzuleba:
1. himnografiuli kanoni `galobani samTa iovaneTa~ (`galobani
wmidisa iovane naTlismcemelisani, wmidisa iovane maxarebelisa da
wmidisa iovane oqropirisani, erTbamad Semokrebilni erT mosexnaeobisaTÂs
da erT madlisaTÂs, daRacaTu winamorbedi ars umetesi yovel-
Ta naSobTa de daTaÁsa~) (219r-221v);3 2. kalendarul-maTematikuri gamok
v leva `qro nikoni sruli mi siTa sauwyebeliTa gangebiTa~ (308r-338r);4
da 3. hagiografiul-istoriuli moTxroba àxalni saswaulni wmidisa
gior gis ni~ (`jer-ars ÃsenebaÁ Suenierisa da didisa axovanisaÁ, rameTu
ese arian saswaulni wmidisa mTavarmowamisa giorgisni da anderZi misisa
sasoebiT Sevedrebulisa da amaT sityuaTa Sesakadrebelad Rirsebisaebr
mTqumelisaÁ~) (342r-353v).5
A-85-is Semswavleli interdisciplinaruli kvleviTi jgufis
wevrebis nargiza goguaZis, mixeil qavTariasa da raul Cagunavas
dakvirvebiT, tbel abuserisZis mier Sedgenili kalendarul-
2 qarTul xelnawerTa aRweriloba, 282-294.
3 teqsti gamocemulia orgzis: pirvelad – 1992 wels, ramaz xalvaSis mier; meored
– 1998 wels, nargiza goguaZis, mixeil qavTariasa da raul Cagunavas mier. tbel abuserisZe,
galobani wmidaTa iovaneTa: naTlismcemlisa, maxareblisa da oqropirisa,
gamosacemad moamzada, gamokvleva, leqsikoni da komentarebi daurTo ramaz xalvaSma

(baTumi, 1992), 20-30; abuserisZe, Txzulebani, 5-11. garda amisa, arsebobs mesame
gamocemac, Tumca, es ukanaskneli uSualod xelnawerze ar aris damyarebuli da
ramaz xalvaSis mier gamoqveynebuli teqstis republikacias warmoadgens. nestan
sulava, XII-XIII saukuneebis qarTuli himnografia (Tbilisi, 2003), 271, 306-308.
4 teqsti, uSualod dedanze dayrdnobiT, gamocemulia orgzis: pirvelad – 1868
wels, mari broses mier; meored – 1998 wels, nargiza goguaZis, mixeil qavTariasa
da raul Cagunavas mier. Marie-Felicite Brosset, Etudes de chronologie technique, Premiere partie,
2, Memoires de lÀcademie Imperiale des Sciences de Sankt-Petersbourg, VIIe serie, XI, #13 (Sankt-
Petersbourg, 1868), 21-56; abuserisZe, Txzulebani, 12-57.
5 teqsti gamocemulia oTxgzis: pirvelad – 1897 wels, Tedo Jordanias mier;
meored – 1941 wels, levan musxeliSvilis mier; mesamed – 1981 wels, iuri sixaruliZis
mier; meoTxed – 1998 wels, nargiza goguaZis, mixeil qavTariasa da raul
Cagunavas mier. qronikebi, II, 111-122; abuserisZe, bolok-basilis mSenebloba SuartyalSi,
55-69; abuserisZe, cxovreba qviTxuroisa basilisa, 3-14; abuserisZe,
Txzulebani, 58-70. garda am gamocemebisa, arsebobs Txzulebis sxva gamocemebic,
magram es publikaciebi dedanze ar aris damyarebuli da zemoT CamoTvlili
gamocemebidan aris gadabeWdili. magaliTad: qarTuli proza, III (Tbilisi, 1982),
5-18, 430; qarTuli mwerloba, III (Tbilisi, 1988), 414-430, 456; wminda giorgi Zvel
qarTul mwerlobaSi (Tbilisi, 1991), 38, 255-268; da sxv.
ori kinklosuri minaweri 223
maTematikuri Txzulebis teqsti, `Sinaarsis TvalsazrisiT... aSkarad
or nawilad unda daiyos. pirvel da ZiriTad nawilSi moyvanilia 532-
wliani pasqaluri ciklis cxrili da masTan dakavSirebuli pasqalurkalendaruli
sakiTxebi (ff. 308r-336r). meore nawili ki warmodgenilia
aRdgomis gamosaTvleli kompaqturi cxriliTa da misi ganmartebiTi
teqstiT (ff. 336v-338r). pirveli cxrili teqstSi sistematurad
moixseneba `sruli qronikonis~ an `didi qronikonis~, xolo meore
cxrili àsuruli kÂklosis~ saxelwodebiT~.6
aq naxsenebi pirveli pasqaluri, anu aRdgomis dResaswaulis
gamosaangariSebeli kalendaruli cxrilis gaswvriv, furclis arSiebze,

mogviano periodSi moRvawe sxvadasxva pirebis mier Sesrulebuli
istoriuli xasiaTis aTeulobiT minaweris teqstia daculi. es
minawerebi, romlebic, A-85-is garda, sxva qarTul xelnawerebSic
gvxvdeba, samecni ero lite raturaSi kinklosuri minawerebis saxeliT
aris cnobili.7
kinklosuri minawerebis Sesrulebis principi sakmaod martivia:
esa Tu is piri iRebs ama Tu im xelnawerSi warmodgenil pasqalur
cxrils, sadac danayofebis TiToeuli ganivi mwkrivi erT konkretul
kalendarul weliwads Seesabameba. amis Semdeg, irCevs romelime
konkretul mwkrivs, ufro zustad ki, romelime konkretul
weliwads da zustad mis gaswvriv, furclis arSiaze aTavsebs misTvis
saintereso istoriuli xasiaTis informaciis Semcvel minawers,
riTac migviTiTebs, rom aRniSnuli istoriuli movlena swored Sesabamis
wels moxda. ase, magaliTad: A-85-is pasqaluri cxrilis 1485
wlis aRmniSvneli mwkrivis gaswvriv miwerilia: `[aq]a yaeni mo[v]ida,
samcxe [amo]swyvides, [ax]alcixe a[iR]es da awy[ve]risa RvTismSobeli
daa[tyve]ves~,8 rac imaze migvaniSnebs, rom minaweris avtoris
cnobiT, yaenis mier samcxis dalaSqvris, qalaq axalcixis aRebisa
da awyuris RmrTismSoblis xatis tyved wasvenebis ambebi 1485 wels
moxda; amave cxrilis 1498 wlis aRmniSvneli mwkrivis gaswvriv
miwerilia: `[a]qa [aTabagi patroni yva]ryva[re] miicvala~,9 rac imaze
migviTiTebs, rom minaweris avtoris miTiTebiT, yvaryvare aTabagi
1498 wels gardaicvala da a. S.
A-85-is arSiebze daculi mravalricxovani minawerebidan calke
6 abuseriZe, Txzulebani, 179-180.
7 mcire qronikebi (kinklosebis istoriuli minawerebi), teqstebi gamosca, Sesavali
werili da komentarebi daurTo jumber odiSelma (Tbilisi, 1968), 3-20.
8 iqve, 27.
9 iqve, 27.
224
jgufad gamoiyofa ori mxedruli minaweri, romlebic, Ses rulebis
drois TvalsazrisiT (XIV s.), sakmaod win uswrebs sxva kinklosur
minawerebs da Tanac, Sinaarsidan gamomdinare, daaxloebiT, erTsa
da imave istoriul garemoSia (abuserisZeTa feodalur saxlSi)
Sesrulebuli.
am ori kinklosuri minaweriT qarTvel mkvlevarTa Soris pirvelad
Tedo Jordania dainteresda. man Tavis 1897 wels dabeWdili wignis
`qronikebi da sxva masala saqarTvelos istoriisa da mwerlobisa~-s II
tomSi aramxolod gamoaqveyna aRniSnuli minawerebis teqstebi, aramed
maT mcire komentarebic daurTo:
`1352 w. – qksa :m: aqa mo[vi]da: abuseriZisa: ivanes: saxlsa: Siga
[da] amirspasalarisa da: patroni siTi[xaTun] misi[Ta] - - - sli - - -~
(mxedruli warwera ek. muz. 85 cxrilze).
aq moxsenebuli pirni istoriaSi ucnobni arian, abuseriZisZeni ix.
zemo gv. siTixaTun vaxtang-mefis coli ix. q-cx. gv. 474~;
`1355 w. – q~ks :mg: aqa: gar[daicvala?] | patroni a[mir?]|spasalari
ivane? a]|buls[erisZe?] | si]]T- - - | nbers (noembers?) - - |
es warwerilia mxedrulad ekl. muz. etratis 85 kinklosis arSiaze,
romelic waWrilia. garda amisa melanic gadasulia da swored ver
amoikiTxeba. SeiZleba àbuserisZis~ magier ikiTxebodes àbuleTisZe~,
Tumca es warwera imave xeliT aris dawerili, rogorc zemo ivane
amirspasalar-abuserisZeze da siTixaTunze 1351 wlis qveSe~.10
Tedo Jordanias Semdeg A-85-is CvenTvis saintereso ori kinklosuri
minaweris teqsti gamoaqveyna jumber odiSelma Tavis 1968 wels dabeWdil
wignSi `mcire qronikebi (kinklosebis istoriuli minawerebi)~:
`1. lT – 1351 – [aqa] m[o]vida abuseris Zisa ivanes saxlisa Sigan
amirspasaralis da patroni siTi[xaTun] mis[iTa]... sli...11
2. mg – 1355 – aq gar[daicvala?] patroni a[mir]spasala[ri]... bels...
si...~12
A-85-is CvenTvis saintereso kinklosuri minawerebis teqstebi

mesamed 1973 wels imJamindeli korneli kekeliZis saxelobis xelnawer-
Ta institutis qarTuli xelnaweri wignebis A koleqciis akademiuri
àRwerilobis~ I1 tomSi Tamar bregaZem gamoaqveyna:
10 qronikebi, II, 183, 185.
11 jumber odiSels, minawerTan dakavSirebiT, sqolioSi aRniSnuli aqvs Semdegi:
`308r. XIV saukunis mxedruli~. mcire qronikebi, 27.
12 iqve, 27. jumber odiSels am, meore minawerTan dakavSirebiT, sqolioSi miTiTebuli
aqvs xelnaweris Sesabamisi gverdi, damwerlobis saxe da iqve, motanili aqvs
minaweris Tedo Jordaniaseuli wakiTxvis teqsti: `309r. mxedr... aqa gardaicvala
patroni amirspasalari abulserisZe siT... nbers (noembers?)~. iqve, 27.
225
`(mxedruliT): [1352 w. `q~knsa] m, aqa movida abuseris Zis ivanes
saxlisa Sigan ... amirspasalaris da patroni si...~ (308v).
(mxedruliT): [1354 w. `q~knsa] md, aqa gar[daicvala] patroni ...
spasalari ...bels...~ (309r)~.13
CamoTvlili gamocemebis garda, gansaxilavi kinklosuri minawerebis
ramdenime sxva publikaciac arsebobs, magram es publikaciebi
uSualod minawerebis dedans ar emyareba da zemoT ganxiluli
gamocemebis republikaciebs warmoadgens.14
rogorc vxedavT, A-85-is ganxiluli ori kinklosuri minaweri,
uSualod dedanze dayrdnobiT, dReisaTvis sul samgzis aris gamocemuli.
am publikaciebze dakvirveba aCvenebs, rom maT avtorebs: Tedo
Jordanias, jumber odiSelsa da Tamar bregaZes minawerebis teqstebi,
erTi mxriv, arasrulad, xolo, meore mxriv, erTmaneTisagan sakmaod
gansxvavebuli saxiT aqvT wakiTxuli. aRniSnuli faqti mniSvnelovnad
arTulebs am minawerebis teqstebiT sargeblobas da praqtikulad,
SeuZlebels xdis arsebul publikaciebze dayrdnobiT, raime saxis
samecniero kvleva-Ziebis warmoebas.
Cveni winamdebare naSromi am xarvezis daZlevisaken gadadgmul

erT konkretul nabijs warmoadgens da miznad isaxavs, samecniero
sazogadoebas SesTavazos am minawerebis sabolood dadgenili
teqstebi, am teqstebTan erTad ki, maTi winaswari istoriul-wyaroTmcodneobiTi
analizis ZiriTadi Sedegebi.
Tavdapirvelad warmovadgenT A-85-is CvenTvis saintereso ori
kinklosuri minaweris teqnikur aRwerilobebsa da maTi teqstis
gadmonawerebs dednis Sriftis dacviT, agreTve, am minawerebis
paleografiul pirebsa da fotoebs.
I kinklosuri minaweri
Sesrulebulia 308v-s qveda arSiis mTels siganeze, XIV moqcevis
(1312-1844 ww.) 532-wliani pasqaluri cxrilis (`sruli qronikonis~)
rigiT me-40, anu qristeSobidan 1352 (1312+40) wlis (nakiani wlis)
aRmniSvneli danayofebis ganivi mwkrivis (`n~k | a | fb | k | ap | b | dR | b |
ap | À | ia~) qvemoT. savaraudod, oTxi striqoni. teqstis (SemorCenili
nawilis) zoma: 10,1X2,4 sm. mxedruli. moSavo-moyavisfro melani.
13 qarTul xelnawerTa aRweriloba, I1, 296.
14 mag.: abuserisZe, Txzulebani, 328-329; irma beriZe, ìvane abuserisZis (XIV s.)
amirspasalarobisa da jayelTa da abuserisZeTa dinastiuri qorwinebis (1352 w.)
sakiTxisaTvis~, saerTaSoriso konferencia `tao-klarjeTi~, moxsenebaTa Tezisebi,
5-8 oqtomberi (Tbilisi, 2010), 50; da sxv.
ori kinklosuri minaweri
226
gankveTilobis niSani: orwertili yoveli sityvis Semdeg. qaragmis
niSnebi ar axlavs. II striqonis dasawyisSi, melnis gadasvlis gamo,
aRar ganirCeva, daaxloebiT, 5-6 grafema. III striqonze warmodgenili
teqstis mniSvnelovani nawili, furclis qveda arSiidan etratis,
daaxloebiT, 8-10 sm simaRlis zolis CamoWris gamo, dakargulia.
amave mizezis gamo, mTlianad aris dakarguli savaraudo IV striqonic
(sur. 1).
aqa: movida: abuserisZisa: ivanes: saxlsa: Siga:

[- - - - -]nisa: amirspasarlisa: da: patroni: siT
[- - - - - -] da: misisa<:> <m>(?)[-]<m>(?)a[- - - - -] s<u>li<s>[-] <s>(?)[-]<x>(?)
[- - -]
[...]
II kinklosuri minaweri
Sesrulebulia 309r-s marjvena arSiis zeda nawilSi. minaweris I
striqoni iwyeba XIV moqcevis (1312-1844 ww.) 532 wliani pasqaluri
cxrilis (`sruli qronikonis~) rigiT 44-e, anu qristeSobidan
1356 (1312+44) wlis (nakiani wlis) aRmniSvneli danayofebis ganivi
mwkrivis (`n~k | v | mt | z | ap | iÀ | dR | b | ap | kd | ke~) gaswvriv.
Svidi striqoni. teqstis (SemorCenili nawilis) zoma: 2,2X5 sm.
mxedruli. moSavo-moyavisfro melani. gankveTilobis niSani:
orwertili yoveli sityvis Semdeg. qaragmis niSnebi ar axlavs.
I-VII striqonebis bolo fragmentebi, furclis marjvena arSiidan
etratis, daaxloebiT, 1-1,5 sm siganis zolis CamoWris gamo,
mTlianad aris dakarguli. IV striqonis rigiT meeqvse-meSvide da
VII striqonis rigiT meoTxe grafemebi, melnis gadasvlis gamo, aRar
ganirCeva (sur. 2).
227
aqa: gar[...]
patroni: a[...]
spasalar[...]
buRas: [--]: [...]
sa: mz: d[...]
nbers[...]
cda: [-]r[...]
mas Semdeg, rac SeZlebisdagvarad srulad warmovadgineT
A-85-is CvenTvis saintereso ori kinklosuri minaweris teqnikuri
aRwerilobebi da maTi teqstis gadmonawerebi dednis Sriftis

dacviT, agreTve, am minawerebis paleografiuli pirebi da fotoebi,
SevecdebiT, saboloo saxiT davadginoT es teqstebi.
I kinklosuri minaweri
I striqoni
teqstis gadmonaweri: àqa: movida: abuserisZisa: ivanes:
saxlsa: Siga:~.
Tedo Jordanias wakiTxva: àqa mo[vi]da: abuseriZisa: ivanes: saxlsa:
Siga~.
jumber odiSelis wakiTxva: `[aqa] m[o]vida abuseris Zisa ivanes saxlisa
Sigan~.
Tamar bregaZis wakiTxva: àqa movida abuseris Zis ivanes saxlisa Sigan~.
rogorc vxedavT, minaweris I striqoni sruli saxiT mxolod Tamar
bregaZes aqvs wakiTxuli. rac SeexebaT Tedo Jordaniasa da jumber
odiSels, maT, rogorc Cans, I striqonis marcxena nawilSi warmodgenili
ramdenime grafemis amokiTxva ver moaxerxes da amitom es grafemebi
konteqstis mixedviT aRadgines: Tedo Jordania – `mo[vi]da~; jumber
odiSeli – `[aqa] m[o]vida~. aRniSnul sakiTxSi Cven srulad veTanxmebiT
Tamar bregaZes da Cveni mxriv, vadasturebT, rom minaweris I striqoni,
misi calkeuli grafemebis melnis gafermkrTalebis miuxeda vad,
dResac sruli saxiT ikiTxeba.
sakmaod saintereso suraTi gvaqvs I striqonSi dadasturebul
228
kompozit àbuserisZisa~-sTan dakavSirebiT. Tedo Jordania am
kompozits kiTxulobs rogorc erT mTlian sityvas: àbuseriZisa~,
xolo jumber odiSeli da Tamar bregaZe mas or sxvadasxva sityvad
anawevreben da teqsts Semdegi saxiT kiTxuloben: àbuseris Zisa~
(jumber odiSeli) da àbuseris Zis~ (Tamar bregaZe). Sesabamisad,
Tedo Jordanias wakiTxvidan gamodis, rom am kompozitiT teqstSi
gadmocemulia minawerSi moxseniebuli ivanes gvari: abuserisZe,

xolo jumber odiSelisa da Tamar bregaZis wakiTxvebidan
gamomdinareobs, rom gansaxilavi kompozitiT aRniSnulia ivanes
mamisSvilobis faqti da naTqvamia, rom igi vinme abuseris vaJi iyo.
Cven srulad viziarebT gansaxilavi kompozitis Tedo Jordanias
wakiTxvas. amaze, vfiqrobT, aSkarad migviTiTebs ori mniSvnelovani
garemoeba: 1. minaweris teqstze dakvirveba aCvenebs, rom mis avtors
gankveTilobis orwertili dasmuli aqvs teqstSi warmodgenili
uklebliv yoveli sityvis Semdeg. imavdroulad, teqstidan Cans,
rom CvenTvis saintereso kompozitis SemTxvevaSi, gankveTilobis
orwertili dasmulia am kompozitis Semadgeneli ara orive wevris
(àbuseris~ da `Zisa~), aramed mxolod meore wevris (`Zisa~)
Semdeg. Sesabamisad, srulebiT cxadia isic, rom minaweris avtori
gansaxilav kompozits moiazrebs ara rogorc or sxvadasxva, aramed
rogorc erT mTlian sityvas da amitom gankveTilobis niSans svams
uSualod am orwevra kompozitis Semdeg; 2. Cvenamde moRweul qarTul
werilobiT ZeglebSi, XI saukunidan moyolebuli, dokumenturad
araerTgzis aris dadasturebuli abuserisZeTa feodaluri gvaris
arsebobis faqti. Sesabamisad, aranairi safuZveli ar gvaqvs,
undobloba gamovucxadoT kinklosuri minaweris avtors da mis mier
gvaris mniSvnelobiT naxmari kompoziti àbuserisZisa~ gaviazroT
rogorc vinme abuseris Sviloba. yovelive aRniSnulidan gamomdinare,
vfiqrobT, savsebiT naTelia, rom gansaxilavi kompozitis Tedo
Jordanias, jumber odiSelisa da Tamar bregaZis wakiTxvebs Soris,
marTebuli swored Tedo Jordanias mier SemoTavazebuli variantia
da amitom, es kompoziti wakiTxul unda iqnes rogorc erTi mTliani
sityva. dasasrul, damatebiT SevniSnavT imasac, rom Tedo Jordanias
gansaxilavi kompozitis gadmocemisas meqanikurad aqvs gamotovebuli
rigiT merve grafema `s~, ris gamoc es sityva gamoqveynebuli aqvs
odnav arazusti saxiT: àbuseriZisa~.
Tedo Jordanias, jumber odiSelisa da Tamar bregaZis publikaciebSi

sakmaod gansxvavebuli saxiT aris warmodgenili I striqonis
bolo ori sityva: `saxlsa Siga~. kerZod, Tedo Jordania gansaxilav
or sityvas kiTxulobs rogorc: `saxlsa Siga~, xolo jumber odiSeli da
229
Tamar bregaZe – rogorc: `saxlisa Sigan~. minaweris dedanze dakvirveba
aCvenebs, rom Tedo Jordanias gamocema am nawilSi zedmiwevniT zustad
misdevs teqsts da amitom misi wakiTxva ufro marTebulia, vidre
jumber odiSelisa da Tamar bregaZis wakiTxvebi.
amrigad, yovelive zemoTqmulidan gamomdinare, I kinklosuri
minaweris I striqonis teqsti dadgenil unda iqnes Semdegi saxiT:
àqa movida abuserisZisa ivanes saxlsa Siga~.
II striqoni
teqstis gadmonaweri: `[-----]nisa: amirspasarlisa: da: patroni:
siT~.
Tedo Jordanias wakiTxva: `[da] amirspasalarisa da: patroni siTi~.
jumber odiSelis wakiTxva: àmirspasaralis da patroni siTi~.
Tamar bregaZis wakiTxva: `... amirspasalaris da patroni si...~
II striqonis marcxena kidura fragmenti, rogorc ukve aRvniSneT
ze moT, melnis gadasvlis gamo, dReisaTvis aRar ganirCeva. miuxedavad
ami sa, am, dakarguli fragmentisa da I striqonis marcxena kidura fragmentis
erTmaneTTan Sedareba aCvenebs, rom II striqonis dasawyisSi, daaxloebiT,
xuTi-eqvsi grafema unda yofiliyo Sesrulebuli.
Tedo Jordania II striqonis dakarguli fragmentis gadmocemisas
sityva àmirspasarlisa~-s win aRadgens or grafema `da~-s da
teqstis am nawils Semdegi saxiT kiTxulobs: `[da] amirspasalarisa~.
gansxvavebuli suraTi gvaqvs jumber odiSelisa da Tamar bregaZis
publikaciebSi, sadac sityva àmirspasarlisa~-s win saerTod
aranairi sityva ar aris aRdgenili: àmirspasaralis~ (jumber odiSeli)
da `... amirspasalaris~ (Tamar bregaZe). sxvaTa Soris, jumber odiSelis

gamocemaSi sityva àmirspasarlisa~-s win araTu savaraudo sityva ar
aris aRdgenili, aramed dakarguli teqstis aRmniSvneli samwertilic ki
ar aris dasmuli, ris gamoc, iqmneba mcdari STabeWdileba, rom minawerSi
sityva àmirspasarlisa~ uSualod misdevs I striqonis bolo sityva
`Siga~-s: `Sigan amirspasaralis~. Cven sityva àmirspasarlisa~-s win
garkveviT vkiTxulobT oTxi grafemisagan Semdgar da gankveTilobis
orwertiliT dasrulebul teqsts: `nisa~, romelic, Tavis mxriv, sxva
ara feri SeiZleba iyos, Tu ara bolo fragmenti sityvisa: `[patro]nisa~.
Cven mier SemoTavazebul amgvar aRdgenas mxars uWers ori ZiriTadi
garemoeba: 1. II striqonis dasawyisSi, Cven mier amokiTxuli oTxgrafemiani
nawyveti `nisa~-s win darCenilia, daaxloebiT, xuTi-eqvsi grafemi sa-
Tvis gankuTvnili adgili, rac saSualebas gvaZlevs, aq daubrkoleblad
aRvadginoT navaraudevi sityva `[patro]nisa~-s pirveli xuTi grafema:
`[patro]~; da 2. minaweris teqstSi, CvenTvis saintereso amirspasalaris
Semdeg, dasaxelebulia kidev erTi istoriuli piri, amave amirspasaori
kinklosuri minaweri
230
laris da, romelic minaweris avtors swored `patronis~ wodebiT hyavs
moxseniebuli: àmirspasarlisa da patroni~. aRniSnul faqtze
dayrdnobiT, vfiqrobT, Tamamad SegviZlia gamovTqvaT varaudi, rom
minaweris teqstSi `patronis~ wodebiT moxseniebuli iyo aramxolod
amir spasalaris da, aramed Tavad amirspasalaric. es varaudi ki, Tavis
mxriv, uflebas gvaZlevs, II striqonis dasawyisSi Sesrulebuli da dReisaTvis
sanaxevrod dakarguli sityva didi albaTobiT aRvadginoT, rogorc:
`[patro]nisa~. yovelive zemoTqmulis Semdeg, sagangebod unda
SevexoT Tedo Jordanias mier sityva àmirspasarlisa~-s win sit y va
`da~-s aRdgenis marTebulobis sakiTxs. Cveni dakvirvebiT, dakar guli
sityvis am saxiT aRdgenisaTvis raime safuZveli ar ar sebobs. jer erTi,
iq, sadac mkvlevari varaudobs orgrafemiani sityva `da~-s arsebobas,
realurad, aRsadgenia gacilebiT ufro grZe li, daaxloebiT, cxra-aTi

grafemis Semcveli sityva. garda amisa, sityva àmirspasarlisa~-s
win garkveviT ikiTxeba gankveTilobis orwertiliT dasrulebuli
oTxgrafemiani nawyveti `nisa~, rac, apriori, gamoricxavs am
adgilas sityva `da~-s aRdgenis SesaZleblobas. dabolos, sityva
àmirspasarlisa~-s win sityva `da~-s aRdgena srulebiT amovardnilia
minaweris saerTo azrobrivi konteqstidan da amitom misi aRdgena am
TvalsazrisiTac gaumarTlebelia.
calke saubris Temaa II striqonSi warmodgenili sityva àmirspasarlisa~-
s wakiTxvis sakiTxi. es sityva Tedo Jordaniasa da Tamar
bregaZis publikaciebSi, daaxloebiT, identuri saxiT aris warmodgenili:
àmirspasalarisa~ (Tedo Jordania) da àmirspasalaris~ (Tamar bregaZe).
sakmaod gansxvavebuli suraTi gvaqvs jumber odiSelis gamocemaSi,
sadac gansaxilavi sityva Semdegi saxiT aris motanili: àmirspasaralis~.
aRniSnuli wakiTxvebidan minaweris dedans bolomde zustad arc erTi
publikacia ar misdevs, Tumca ki masTan yvelaze ufro met siaxloves
jumber odiSelis wakiTxva iCens. Cven upiratesobas, cxadia, dednis
Cvenebas vaniWebT da aRniSnul sityvas vkiTxulobT zustad im saxiT, ra
saxiTac is warmodgenilia minaweris teqstSi: àmirspasarlisa~15.
15 sxvaTa Soris, sityva àmirspasalari~ zustad identuri formiT (àmirspasarali~)
aris gadmocemuli zesxevis wm. Tevdores eklesiis erT-erT warwera-
Si: `p(a)tronsa am(i)rsp(a)s(a)r(a)ls aRb(u)R(a)s g[au]marjos nam<a>r(a)vl(i) m(is)
i...~ (xazi, aqac da SemdgomSic, Cvenia – avtorebi). darejan kldiaSvili, `xovles
(zesxevis) warwerebi~, mravalTavi, XIII (Tbilisi, 1986), 67. garda amisa, qarTul
werilobiT ZeglebSi gvxvdeba am sityvis iseTi paraleluri formebic, rogoricaa,
magaliTad, àmirspasahli~ (korideTis oTxTavis minaweri sabuTi) an àmilspasalari~
(`beqa-aRbuRas samarTlis wigni~): `...{dagiwere} daweril(i) es(e)... me,
Janm(a)n CiasZ[eman] – amirspasahlis(a) amiraxorman, m[as] [Jam]sa, odes patronisa
231
II striqonis bolos Sesrulebulia minawerSi moxseniebuli amirspasalaris

dis saxelis pirveli sami grafema: `siT~. ucnauria, magram
faqtia, rom teqstis es, sakmaod iolad gasarCevi adgili zusti saxiT
gadmocemuli ar aris arc Tedo Jordanias, arc jumber odiSelisa da
arc Tamar bregaZis gamocemebSi: `siTi~ (Tedo Jordania, jumber odi-
Seli); `si...~ (Tamar bregaZe).
amrigad, yovelive zemoTqmulidan gamomdinare, I kinklosuri minaweris
II striqonis teqsti dadgenil unda iqnes Semdegi saxiT:
`[patro]nisa, amirspasarlisa da, patroni siT~.
III striqoni
teqstis gadmonaweri: `[- - - - - -] da: misisa<:> <m>(?)[-]<m>(?)a[- - - - -]
s<u>li<s>[-] <s>(?)[-]<x>(?)[- - -]~.
Tedo Jordanias wakiTxva: `[xaTun] misi[Ta] - - - sli - - -~.
jumber odiSelis wakiTxva: `[xaTun] mis[iTa]... sli...~
rogorc vxedavT, minaweris III striqoni Tamar bregaZes saerTod
ar aqvs wakiTxuli. rac SeexebaT Tedo Jordaniasa da jumber odiSels,
isini striqonis dasawyisSi absoluturad identuri saxiT aRadgenen
melnis gadasvlis gamo dakargul ramdenime grafemas: `[xaTun]~. Cven,
arsebiTad, viziarebT amgvar aRdgenas, Tumca ki, SevniSnavT, rom
am eqvsi grafemis win aucileblad unda aRdges kidev erTi grafema
ì~, vinaidan II striqonis bolos ikiTxeba minawerSi dadasturebuli
savaraudo saxeli `siTixaTuni~-s ara pirveli oTxi grafema – `siTi~,
rogorc amas Tedo Jordania da jumber odiSeli fiqrobdnen, aramed
sami grafema – `siT~.
gansaxilavi grafemebis aRdgenis Semdeg Tedo Jordaniasa da jum -
b er odiSels TiTqmis identuri saxiT aqvT wakiTxul-aRdgenili momdev
no sityva: `misi[Ta]~ (Tedo Jordania), `mis[iTa]~ (jumber odiSeli).
Cveni mxriv, aRvniSnavT, rom III striqonis Sesabamis fragmentze,
mkvlevarTa mier nawilobriv wakiTxuli da nawilobriv aRdgenili
sityvis win, marTalia, Znelad, magram mainc ikiTxeba ori grafema:
`da~ da am grafemebis Semdeg dasmuli gankveTilobis orwertili.

rac Seexeba sakuTriv sityva: `misi[Ta]~||`mis[iTa]~-s, Cven srulad
viziarebT am sityvis pirveli nawilis Tedo Jordanias wakiTxvas:
Cemis(a), amirs[pasa]h lisa wyalobiT(a) mqonda {d}urCsa m[amuli] orTave mefe-
Tagan...~ korideTis sabu Te bi (X-XIII saukuneebi), gamosacemad moamzada valeri
silogavam (Tbilisi, 1989), 31; `...me, aTabag-amilspasalarman aRbuRa, movaÃseneT
patiosansa... mawyuerelsa da biZa-ZeTa CemTa SaSiasa da missa Zmasa safaris moZRuarsa
pafnutis... me, patronman, aTabag-amilspasalarman aRbuRa, movikle srulisa samcxisa
saqme...~ isidore doliZe, Zveli qarTuli samarTali (Tbilisi, 1953), 285, 316.
232
`misi~, oRond ar veTanxmebiT amave sityvis meore nawilis aRdgenas:
`[Ta]~ da sapiris pirod amisa, SevniSnavT, rom aq garkveviT ikiTxeba
ori grafema `sa~ da am grafemebis bolos dasmuli gankveTilobis
orwertilis zeda wertili.
ganxiluli sityvis momdevno sityva, romelic, daaxloebiT, rvacxra
grafemisagan Sedgeboda, furclis qveda arSiidan etratis zolis
CamoWris gamo, TiTqmis mTlianad aris dakarguli. SemorCenilia
mxo lod am grafemaTa umniSvnelo zeda fragmentebi, romlebze
dayrdnobiTac, dakarguli sityvis raime damajerebeli saxiT aRdgena
dReisaTvis ukve SeuZlebelia. es dakarguli sityva Tedo Jordanias
publikaciaSi sami patara ganivi xaziT aris aRniSnuli, xolo jumber
odiSelis gamocemaSi – samwertiliT. Cven xsenebul mkvlevarTagan
gansxvavebiT, aq srulad vkiTxulobT rigiT meoTxe grafema: à~-s,
kiTxvis niSniT – pirvel da mesame grafemebs: `m~-sa da `m~-s, xolo
danarCen xuT, jerjero biT, daudgenel grafemas wakiTxvisa Tu
aRdgenis gareSe vtovebT.
am, dakarguli sityvis Semdeg Tedo Jordania da jumber odiSeli
kiTxuloben sam grafema: `sli~-s. Cven, ZiriTadad, viziarebT am
wakiTxvas, Tumca ki, SevniSnavT, rom mkvlevrebis mier wakiTxul pirvel
da meore grafemebs: `s~-sa da `l~-s Soris aSkarad ganirCeva grafema:

ù~-s zeda fragmenti, xolo mesame grafema: ì~-s Semdeg – grafema: `s~-s
zeda nawili. amasTan, rigiT meoTxe, sanaxevrod dakarguli grafema:
`s~-s Semdeg, rogorc Cans, Sesrulebuli iyo kidev erTi grafema: a,
romelic dReisaTvis TiTqmis mTlianad aris dakarguli.
III striqonis marjvena kideSi Sesrulebuli iyo, daaxloebiT, xuTieqvsi
grafema, romlebic furclis qveda arSiidan etratis zolis
CamoWris gamo, TiTqmis mTlianad aris dakarguli. SemorCenilia
am grafemaTa mxolod zeda fragmentebi, romlebze dayrdnobiTac
dakarguli teqstis aRdgena, praqtikulad, SeuZlebelia. III striqonis
es, dakarguli grafemebi Tedo Jordanias publikaciaSi sami patara
ganivi xaziT aris aRniSnuli, xolo jumber odiSelis gamocemaSi –
samwertiliT. Cven arsebiTad viziarebT dasaxelebul mkvlevarTa amgvar
pozicias, oRond, maTgan gansxvavebiT, kiTxvis niSniT vkiTxulobT
gansaxilavi sityvis pirvel da mesame, sanaxevrod dakargul grafemebs,
savaraudod, `s~-sa da `x~-s, xolo danarCen oTx, daudgenel grafemas
wakiTxvisa Tu aRdgenis gareSe vtovebT.
amrigad, yovelive zemoTqmulidan gamomdinare, I kinklosuri
minaweris III striqonis teqsti dadgenil unda iqnes Semdegi saxiT:
`[ixaTun] da misisa m(?)[-]m(?)a[- - - - -] sulis[a] s(?)[-]x(?)[- - -]~.
233
IV striqoni
minaweris IV striqoni Tedo Jordanias, jumber odiSelisa da
Tamar bregaZis publikaciebSi saerTod ar aris naxsenebi. rogorc
Cans, mkvlevrebi fiqrobdnen, rom minaweri mxolod sami striqonisagan
Sedgeboda. Cven gansxvavebuli pozicia gvaqvs aRniSnul sakiTxTan
dakavSirebiT da vfiqrobT, rom minaweris teqsti IV striqonzec grZeldeboda.
amgvari daskvnisaken avtomaturad gvibiZgebs minaweris III striqonis
Cven mier dadgenili teqsti, sadac patroni siTixaTunis iv a ne
abuserisZis `saxlSi~ misvlis mizezsa Tu mizezebzea saubari. marTalia,

am striqonze warmodgenili teqstis wakiTxva mxolod fragmentuli
saxiT movaxerxeT, magram TviT am fragmentebidanac ki aSkarad Cans,
rom patroni siTixaTunis ivane abuserisZis `saxlSi~ misvlis mizezsa
Tu mizezebze saubari III striqonze veranairad ver dasruldeboda da
Txroba ueWvelad momdevno, IV striqonze gadavidoda.
aRniSnulidan gamomdinare, gamovTqvamT mosazrebas, rom I kinklosuri
minaweri Tavdapirvelad Sedgeboda oTxi striqonisagan,
romelTagan bolo, IV striqoni, furclis qveda arSiidan etratis
zolis CamoWris gamo, mTlianad aris dakarguli. samwuxarod, am
dakarguli teqstis raime damajerebeli saxiT aRdgena, minaweris
saerTo konteqstis gaTvaliswinebiTac ki SeuZlebelia da amitomac
mas aRdgenis gareSe vtovebT.
amiT vasrulebT A-85-is I kinklosuri minaweris teqstis dadgenaze
muSaobas da samecniero sazogadoebas vTavazobT am teqstis saboloo
wakiTxvas:
àqa movida abuserisZisa ivanes saxlsa Siga | [patro]nisa, amirspasarlisa
da, patroni siT|[ixaTun] da misisa m(?)[-]m(?)a[- - - - -]
sulis[a] s(?)[-]x(?)[- - -] | [...]~.
II kinklosuri minaweri
I striqoni
teqstis gadmonaweri: àqa: gar[...]~.
Tedo Jordanias wakiTxva: àqa: gar[daicvala?]~.
jumber odiSelis wakiTxva: àq gar[daicvala?]~.
Tamar bregaZis wakiTxva: àqa gar[daicvala]~.
rogorc vxedavT, minaweris dasawyisSi, A-85-is (da ara mxolod
A-85-is) sxva kinklosuri minawerebis msgavsad, warmodgenilia sityva:
àqa~. es sityva odnav arazusti saxiT aris Setanili jumber odiSelis
publikaciaSi: àq~. gansxvavebuli suraTi gvaqvs minaweris Tedo
Jordaniasa da Tamar bregaZis gamocemebSi, sadac gansaxilavi sityva
zustad dedanTan SesabamisobaSia wakiTxuli: àqa~.

234
I striqonis pirveli sityvis Semdeg Sesrulebulia rigiT meore
sityvis pirveli sami grafema `gar~. am sityvis momdevno grafemebi
dakargulia furclis marjvena arSiidan etratis zolis CamoWris gamo.
aRniSnuli sityvis sruli saxiT aRdgena pirvelad Tedo Jordaniam
scada. man minaweris saerTo azrobrivi konteqstidan gamomdinare,
zemoxsenebuli sami grafemis (`gar~) Semdeg rva dakarguli grafema
– `[daicvala]~ aRadgina da sityva, marTalia, kiTxvis niSniT, magram
mainc sruli saxiT waikiTxa: `gar[daicvala?]~. I striqonis bolo
fragmentis Tedo Jordanias wakiTxva mogvianebiT jumber odiSelma
da Tamar bregaZem srulad gaiziares, oRond, im gansxvavebiT, rom
jumber odiSelma aRdgenil sityvasTan ucvlelad datova Tedo
Jordanias mier dasmuli kiTxvis niSani: `gar[daicvala?]~, xolo Tamar
bregaZem Tedo Jordanias wakiTxva srulebiT misaRebad CaTvala da
aRdgenil sityvas saerTod mouxsna kiTxvis niSani: `gar[daicvala]~.
Cven srulad viziarebT Tedo Jordanias im dakvirvebas, rom I striqonis
meore sityvaSi ueWvelad gardacvalebis faqtze iyo saubari, Tumca,
imavdroulad, verasgziT ver daveTanxmebiT mis im mosazrebas, rom es,
sanaxevrod dakarguli sityva ikiTxeboda, rogorc `gar[daicvala?]~.
amgvari daskvnisaken, pirvel rigSi, gvibiZgebs is garemoeba, rom A-85-
is 309r-s marjvena arSiidan CamoWrili etratis, viwro, daaxloebiT,1-
1,5 sm siganis zolze Sesrulebuli unda yofiliyo, maqsimum, sami-xuTi
saSualo zomis grafema. sxvaTa Soris, am dakvirvebis marTebulobaSi
TvalnaTliv davrwmundebiT qvemoT, roca vnaxavT, rom II minaweris
momdevno striqonebis TiToeul dakargul fragmentzec swored samixuTi
saSualo zomis grafema iyo Sesrulebuli. Sesabamisad, Tuki
Cven upirobod gaviziarebT Tedo Jordanias mier SemoTavazebul
variants, maSin iZulebuli gavxdebiT, rom I striqonis bolos, samixuTi
grafemisaTvis gankuTvnil adgilas aRvadginoT rva grafemisagan

Semdgari, anu, daaxloebiT, orjer ufro didi zomis fragmenti, rac,
rasakvirvelia, ar aris swori. aRniSnulidan gamomdinare, vfiqrobT,
marTebuli iqneba, rom I striqonis bolos vivaraudoT xuTi dakarguli
grafemis `[daxda]~-s arseboba da Tavad sityva aRvadginoT Semdegi
saxiT: `gar[daxda]~. Cvens amgvar mosazrebas mxars uWers ori ZiriTadi
garemoeba: 1. `gar[daxda]~ aris erTaderTi SesaZlo sityva, romelic
azrobrivi, fonetikuri da moculobiTi TvalsazrisiT, zedmiwevniT
zustad pasuxobs I striqonis bolos aRsadgeni sityvisaTvis wayenebul
moTxovnebs: is aRniSnavs visime gardacvalebis faqts, iwyeba grafe mebiT
`gar~ da zustad eteva misTvis gankuTvnil areze (pirvel sam grafemas
(`gar~) vkiTxulobT teqstSi, momdevno xuTi grafemis (`[daxda]~)
arsebobas ki vvaraudobT dakargul fragmentze); 2. sityva `gardaxda~,
235
gardacvalebis mniSvnelobiT, dadasturebuli gvaqvs sxva qronikal ur
cnobaSic, kerZod ki, vaxuSti bagrationis mier Sedgenil `qronologi ur
cxrilSi~, romelic, Tavis mxriv, darTuli aqvs swavluli batoniSvilis
fundamentur naSroms `cxovreba samefosa saqarTvelosas~ (1742-
1745 ww.). am `qronologiur cxrilSi~ vaxuSti bagrationi saqarTvelos
mefis bagrat V-is (1360-1393 ww.) gardacvalebis faqtis aRsaniSnavad
sityva `miicvalas~ nacvlad, sityva `gardaxdas~ iyenebs da mTlianad
qronikalur cnobas Semdegi saxiT warmogvidgens: `q(oroni)k(o)nebi
Cven m(ie)r povnilni wignebTa S(in)a... q(riste)s aqaTi q(oroni)k(o)ni 1395,
qarTuli q(oroni)k(o)ni p~g (83+1312=1395 w.). didi bagrat m(e)fe gardaxda...
Ze misi giorgi gamefda~ (qaragmis gaxsna Cvenia – avtorebi).16
amrigad, yovelive zemoTqmulidan gamomdinare, II kinklosuri
minaweris I striqonis teqsti dadgenil unda iqnes Semdegi saxiT:
àqa gar[daxda]~.
II striqoni
teqstis gadmonaweri: `patroni: a[...]~.

Tedo Jordanias wakiTxva: `patroni a[mir?]~.
jumber odiSelis wakiTxva: `patroni a[mir]~.
Tamar bregaZis wakiTxva: `patroni ...~
II striqonis pirveli sityvis Semdeg Sesrulebuli teqstidan dReisaTvis
mxolod pirveli grafema à~ ikiTxeba, momdevno grafemebi ki
furclis marjvena arSiidan etratis zolTan erTad aris CamoWrili.
am dakarguli grafemebis sakiTxs Tavdapirvelad Tedo Jordania
Seexo. mkvlevarma III striqonis dasawyisSi Sesrulebuli grafemebi
16 vaxuSti batoniSvili, aRwera samefosa saqarTvelosa, qarTlis cxovreba, teqsti
dadgenili yvela ZiriTadi xelnaweris mixedviT simon yauxCiSvilis mier, IV (Tbilisi,
1973), 896. Sdr. qronikebi, II, 201. sargis kakabaZis dakvirvebiT, vaxuSti bagrations es
qronikaluri cnoba aRebuli hqonda dReisaTvis dakarguli qronikidan, romelsac
Tavad swavluli batoniSvili ìmeruli garigebis wigns~ uwodebda: ìsic unda iTqvas,
rom garigebis wignis (ìmeruli garigebis wignis~ – avtorebi) qronikaSi yofila
cnoba bagrat mefis sikvdilis Sesaxeb am redaqciiT: `mefe didi bagrat miicvala~ (aq
mkvlevars mxedvelobaSi aqvs àRwera samefosa saqarTvelosas~ erT-erTi nakveTi ùwyebuleba
mkiTxvelTaTÂs~, sadac vaxuSti bagrationi gvauwyebs, rom bagrat V-is gardacvalebis
TariRi miTiTebulia `Zvels garigebis da samarTlis wignsa Sina imereTs,
gelaTursa, rameTu brwyinvalis giorgidam giorgisamde Zisa aleqsandresa swers:...
mefe didi bagrat miicvala...~ vaxuSti batoniSvili, aRwera samefosa saqarTvelosa,
302. – avtorebi)... Tavis qronikul nusxaSi (`qronologiur cxrilSi~ – avtorebi) ki
vaxuSts es TariRi moyavs am gvarad: qoronikons 83 (1395) didi bagrat mefe gardaxda~.
sargis kakabaZe, ìmeruli Zveli garigebis wignis qronikis Sesaxeb~, kvleva-Ziebani
saqarTvelos istoriis sakiTxebis Sesaxeb (Tfilisi, 1920), 15.
236
`spasalar[...]~ II striqonis bolos dakarguli grafemebis uSualo
gagrZelebad CaTvala da teqstis am adgilas erTi mTliani sityva
aRadgina: à[mir?]|spasalari~. miuxedavad imisa, rom Tavad Tedo
Jordanias II striqonis bolos aRdgenili sami grafema kiTxvis niSniT

hqonda gadmocemuli: à[mir?]~, jumber odiSelma savsebiT sarwmunod
CaTvala teqstis amgvari aRdgena da gansaxilavi sami grafema
yovelgvari kiTxvis niSnis gareSe Seitana sakuTar gamocemaSi: à[mir]~.
aRniSnul sakiTxs gacilebiT ufro kritikulad miudga Tamar bregaZe.
man, winamorbedi mkvlevrebisagan gansxvavebiT, I striqonis pirveli
sityvis Semdeg verc grafema à~ amoikiTxa, verc Tedo Jordanias
aRdgenas endo da amitom gansaxilavi fragmenti sakuTar gamocemaSi
mxolod samwertiliT aRniSna: `patroni ...~ Cven savsebiT viziarebT II
striqonis bolos dakarguli grafemebis Tedo Jordanias aRdgenas da
jumber odiSelis msgavsad, miviCnevT, rom am aRdgenis marTebulobaSi
eWvis SetanisaTvis aranairi safuZveli ar arsebobs.
minaweris II striqonis teqsti dadgenil unda iqnes Semdegi saxiT:
`patroni, a[mir]~.
III striqoni
teqstis gadmonaweri: `spasalar[...]~.
Tedo Jordanias wakiTxva: `spasalari ivane? a]~.
jumber odiSelis wakiTxva: `spasala[ri]...~
Tamar bregaZis wakiTxva: `spasalari ...~
dReisaTvis III striqonze garkveviT ikiTxeba mxolod pirveli rva
grafema: `spasalar[...]~, momdevno grafemebi ki furclis marjvena
arSiidan etratis zolTan erTad aris CamoWrili. am, dakarguli grafemebis
aRdgenis pirveli cda Tedo Jordanias ekuTvnis. samwuxarod,
mkvlevris mier wakiTxul III striqonSi, rogorc Cans, meqanikurad aris
ga motovebuli aRdgenili teqstis dasawyisis aRmniSvneli teqnikuri
ni Sani: marjvniv gaxsnili kavi (dakuTxuli frCxili). am mizezis gamo,
misi publikaciidan saerTod ar Cans, III striqonze warmodgenili
grafemebidan, romeli grafemaa avtoris mier uSualod wakiTxuli da
romeli – konteqstis mixedviT aRdgenili: `spasalari ivane? a]~. amgvari
bundovani suraTis miuxedavad, dabejiTebiT SeiZleba iTqvas, rom

Tedo Jordanias wakiTxuli hqonda III striqonis mxolod is pirveli rva
grafema, romlebic dResac garkveviT ganirCeva teqstSi: `spasalar~.
rac Seexeba danarCen Svid grafemas: ì ivane? a]~, es grafemebi, ufro
zustad ki, maTi savaraudo ganTavsebis adgili, Tedo Jordanias dros
ukve CamoWrili iyo furclis marjvena arSiidan da amitom III striqonis
237
es nawili ueWvelad Tedo Jordanias aRdgenad unda CaiTvalos (am
aRdgenis Sesaxeb vrclad qvemoT, IV striqonis teqstis dadgenisas
gveqneba saubari). III striqonis wakiTxvis sisrulis TvalsazrisiT,
daaxloebiT, analogiuri suraTi gvaqvs jumber odiSelis gamocemaSic.
aq III striqonidan mxolod pirveli Svidi grafemaa amokiTxuli,
momdevno ori grafema konteqstis mixedviT aris aRdgenili, striqonis
bolo fragmenti ki, rogorc daudgeneli teqsti, samwertiliTaa
aRniSnuli: `spasala[ri]...~ III striqonis dasawyisSi warmodgenil
teqsts, jumber odiSelTan SedarebiT, odnav ufro sruli saxiT
kiTxulobs Tamar bregaZe: `spasalari...~, Tumca ki, gaugebaria, rogor
mo axerxa mkvlevarma mecxre grafema ì~-s amokiTxva, romelic, rogorc
uk ve aRvniSneT zemoT, Tedo Jordanias dros ukve CamoWrili iyo
furclis marjvena arSiidan. rogorc Cans, es mecxre grafema Tamar
bregaZes konteqstis mixedviT aqvs aRdgenili, oRond is sakuTar
publikaciaSi specialuri teqnikuri niSnebis gareSe aqvs Setanili.
Cven, Tedo Jordaniasagan srulebiT gansxvavebuli saxiT aRvadgenT III
striqonis dakargul fragments. oRond, vinaidan es aRdgena mTlianad
momdevno, IV striqonis Cveneul wakiTxvazea damyarebuli, amitom
orive striqonis teqsti qvemoT, IV striqonis dadgenis Semdeg gveqneba
warmodgenili.
IV striqoni
teqstis gadmonaweri: `buRas: [--]: [...]~.
Tedo Jordanias wakiTxva: `buls[erisZe?]~.

jumber odiSelis wakiTxva: `bels...~
Tamar bregaZis wakiTxva: `bels...~
II minaweris teqstis dadgenasTan dakavSirebuli sakiTxebidan,
Cvens gansakuTrebul yuradRebas ipyrobs IV striqonis dasawyisSi
warmodgenili da dRemde, praqtikulad, dauzianeblad moRweuli
xuTi grafemis `buRas~ wakiTxvis sakiTxi. aRniSnuli grafemebi Tedo
Jordanias publikaciaSi Semdegi saxiT aris motanili: `buls~. rogorc
vxedavT, mkvlevarma savsebiT sworad waikiTxa IV striqonis pirveli
ori grafema `bu~, Tumca momdevno ori grafema: orkbila `R~ da masze
gadabmuli à~, SecdomiT, gaiazra rogorc erTi grafema – samkbila `l~
da amitom IV striqonis dasawyisi SecdomiT waikiTxa, rogorc: `buls~.
aRniSnul Secdomas Tedo Jordaniaseul publikaciaSi jaWvuri reaqcia
mohyva. mkvlevarma mis mier SecdomiT wakiTxuli grafemebi I kinklosur
minawerSi dadasturebuli feodaluri gvaris àbuserisZis~ erT-erTi
fonetikuri variantis àbulserisZis~ (?) Semadgenel fragmentad
CaTvala da amitom, Sesabamisi sityvis aRdgena II minaweris teqstSic
238
scada. am mizniT, mkvlevarma III striqonis bolos aRadgina erTi
dakarguli grafema à~, IV striqonis bolos – kidev eqvsi dakarguli
grafema `[erisZe]~ da minaweris es fragmenti, marTalia, kiTxvis niSniT,
magram mainc dasrulebuli sityvis saxiT Seitana Tavis gamocemaSi:
`[a]|buls[erisZe?]~. garda amisa, Tedo Jordaniam, rogorc Cans,
CaTvala, rom I minawerSi moxseniebuli ivane abuserisZe da II minawerSi
mis mier aRdgenili `[a]buls[erisZe]~ erTi da igive piri iyo da amitom
III striqonis dakarguli fragmentis dasawyisSi kiTxvis niSniT aRad
gina sakuTari saxeli ìvane?~. sabolood, Tedo Jordaniam A-85-is II
minaweris III-IV striqonebi Semdegi saxiT Seitana Tavis publikaciaSi:
`spasa lari ivane? a]|buls[erisZe?]~. IV striqonis pirveli grafemebi
ki dev ufro arazusti saxiT amoikiTxes jumber odiSelma da Tamar

bregaZem. maT aramxolod III-IV grafemebi `Ra~ gaiazres rogorc `l~,
aramed Tedo Jordaniasagan gansxvavebiT, II grafema ù~-c SecdomiT
waikiTxes, rogorc è~ da IV striqonis dasawyisi sabolood Semdegi
saxiT daadgines: `bels~. rac Seexeba III-IV striqonebis dakargul
fragmentebze saxeli ìvane~-sa da gvari àbulserisZe~-s Semadgeneli
ramdenime grafemis aRdgenas, jumber odiSelma da Tamar bregaZem,
rogorc Cans, ar gaiziares Tedo Jordanias mier SemoTavazebuli es
varianti da III-IV striqonebis Sesabamisi fragmentebi samwertilebiT
aRniSnes sakuTar publikaciebSi: `spasala[ri]... bels...~ (jumber
odiSeli); `spasalari ...bels...~ (Tamar bregaZe).
Cven, cxadia, ver gaviziarebT III striqonis pirveli grafemebis
verc Tedo Jordanias, verc jumber odiSelisa da verc Tamar bregaZis
wakiTxvebs, vinaidan am adgilas, sinamdvileSi, ikiTxeba ara oTxi
grafema `buls~ an `bels~, aramed xuTi grafema `buRas~.
III striqonis dasawyisSi warmodgenili am grafemebis swori
wakiTxva saSualebas gvaZlevs, argumentirebulad aRvadginoT III-IV
striqonebis dakarguli fragmentebi. daviwyoT III striqonis bolo
fragmentiT. specialur literaturaze dayrdnobiT, dabejiTebiT
SeiZleba iTqvas, rom XIV saukuneSi amirspasalaris saxelos flobda
mxolod erTi iseTi piri, visi saxelic mTavrdeboda grafemebiT ùRa~.
es aris aTabag-amirspasalari aRbuRa I jayeli, romelic araerTgzis
aris moxseniebuli XIV-XVI saukuneebis qarTul da ucxour werilobiT
ZeglebSi (amis Sesaxeb vrclad ix. qvemoT). Sesabamisad, A-85-is II
kinklosuri minaweris teqstSi moxseniebuli amirspasalari, romlis
saxelic sruldeba grafemebi ùRa~-Ti, sxva aravin SeiZleba iyos, Tu
ara aRbuRa I jayeli. aRniSnulidan gamomdinare, III striqonis dakarguli
fragmentis bolo nawilSi aRvadgenT or grafema `[aR]~-s da mTlianad
sityvas vkiTxulobT Semdegi saxiT: `[aR]buRas~. paralelurad amisa,
239
Cven viTvaliswinebT im garemoebas, rom sityva `[aR]buRas~ naTesaobiT
brunvaSia dasmuli, amave naTesaobiTi brunvis niSnebs ìs~-as aRvadgenT
misi msazRvreli sityvis `[amir]|spasalar[...]~-s bolo, dakargul
fragmentze da sabolood, minaweris am nawils vkiTxulobT Semdegi
saxiT: à[mir]|spasalar[is aR]buRas~.
minaweris IV striqonze dakvirveba aCvenebs, rom aq pirveli xuTi
grafemis `buRas~-a da Sesabamisi gankveTilobis orwertilis Semdeg
Sesrulebuli iyo ori grafemis Semcveli sityva da Sesabamisi
gankveTilobis niSani. dReisaTvis xsenebuli ori grafema, melnis
gadasvlis gamo, aRar ikiTxeba. samagierod, garkveviT ganir Ceva
maT Semdeg dasmuli gankveTilobis orwertili. dakarguli ori
grafemis aRdgenaze muSaobisas Cveni yuradReba, pirvel rigSi, I kinklosuri
minaweris im fragmentma miipyro, romelic, Sinaarsobrivi
TvalsazrisiT, Zalzed axlos dgas II minaweris CvenTvis saintereso
fragmentTan: I minaweri – àmirspasarlisa da, patroni siT|[ixaTun]~;
II minaweri – `patroni: a[mir]|spasalar[is: aR]|buRas: [--]:~.
vfiqrobT, aq motanili fragmentebis urTierTSepirispirebidan
naTlad Cans, rom orive minaweris teqstSi saubari exeba erTsa da imave
pirs, amirspasalar aRbuRas das, patron siTixaTuns. Sesabamisad,
II minaweris IV striqonze, pirveli xuTi grafema `buRas~ Semdeg,
dakarguli orgrafemiani sityva unda aRdges Semdegi saxiT: `[da]~.
minaweris IV striqonze, Cven mier aRdgenili sityva `[da]~-s Semdeg
Sesrulebuli unda yofiliyo, daaxloebiT, sami-xuTi grafemis
Semcveli teqsti, romelic dReisaTvis, furclis marjvena arSiidan
etratis zolis CamoWris gamo, mTlianadaa dakarguli. winamdebare
naSromSi Cven SevZeliT, srulad aRgvedgina es dakarguli fragmenti,
Tumca amis Taobaze qvemoT, minaweris V striqonis teqstis dadgenis
dros gveqneba saubari.
minaweris III-IV striqonebis teqsti dadgenil unda iqnes Semdegi saxiT:

`spasalar[is aR]|buRas [da] [...]~.
V striqoni
teqstis gadmonaweri: `sa: mz: d[...]~.
Tedo Jordanias wakiTxva: `si]]T- - -~.
jumber odiSelis wakiTxva: `si...~
vidre teqstis dadgenasTan dakavSirebul ZiriTad sakiTxebze
gadavidodeT, gvsurs, aRvniSnoT, rom minaweris V striqonis Tedo
Jordanias gamocemaSi mcire teqnikur uzustobas aqvs adgili. kerZod,
aq meore grafema ì~-s Semdeg erTmaneTis mijriT aris dasmuli
240
aRdgenili teqstis dasawyisisa da dasasrulis aRmniSvneli teqnikuri
niSnebi: Sesabamisad, marjvniv da marcxniv gaxsnili kavebi, romelTagan
pirveli kavi, SecdomiT, marcxniv aris Sebrunebuli. es teqnikuri
niSnebi, rogorc Cans, mesame grafema `T~-s marcxniv da marjvniv unda
yofiliyo Sesrulebuli. aRniSnulis gaTvaliswinebiT, gamodis, rom V
striqonidan Tedo Jordaniam mxolod pirveli ori grafema amoikiTxa:
`si~, momdevno, mesame grafema ki, savaraudod, I minawerSi moxseniebuli
amirspasalaris dis, siTixaTunis saxelis gavleniT aRadgina: `[T]~. V
striqonis pirveli ori grafema zustad Tedo Jordanias publikaciis
msgavsad aris warmodgenili jumber odiSelis gamocemaSic: `si...~
rac Seexeba Tamar bregaZes, mis publikaciaSi V striqonis teqsti
saerTod ar aris Setanili. Cven vadasturebT, rom minaweris dedanSi
V striqonis dasawyisSi namdvilad warmodgenilia grafema `s~, Tumca
ki, aqve SevniSnavT im faqtsac, rom mas mosdevs ara grafema ì~, rogorc
amas vxedavT Tedo Jordaniasa da jumber odiSelis gamocemebSi, aramed
grafema à~, romlis Semdegac dasmulia gankveTilobis orwertili.
minaweris dedanSi V striqonis pirveli ori grafemisa da Sesabamisi
gankveTilobis niSnis Semdeg Sesrulebulia, agreTve, gankveTilobis
orwertiliT dasrulebuli ori grafema `mz~, romlebic teqstSi

ueWvelad ricxviTi mniSvnelobis (47) gadmosacemad aris gamoyenebuli.
Tu Cveni es dakvirveba sworia, maSin gamodis, rom `mz~-s win, anu IV
striqonis bolosa da V striqonis dasawyisSi, warmodgenili iyo,
daaxloebiT, xuTi-Svidi grafemisagan Semdgari sityva, romelic, erTi
mxriv, azrobrivad ukavSirdeboda am ori grafemis daxmare biT gadmocemul
ricxviT mniSvnelobas (47), xolo, meore mxriv, srul de boda
grafemebiT: `sa~. aRniSnuli moTxovnebis gaTvaliswinebiT, `mz~-s win,
SeiZleba, Sesrulebuli yofiliyo mxolod sami sityva: 1. `[q~kn]|sa~;
2. `[wel]|sa~; da 3. `[wli]|sa~. daSvebuli hipoTeturi variantebidan,
amTaviTve unda gamoiricxos pirveli ori varianti: `[q~kn]|sa~ da
`[wel]|sa~. marTlac, amgvari daSvebis SemTxvevaSi gamova, rom teqstis
am fragmentiT II kinklosur minawerSi gadmocemuli ambavi TariRdeba
XIV moqcevis mz (47) qronikoniT an amave moqcevis dasawyisidan aTvlili
mz (47) wliT, rac, orive SemTxvevaSi, qristeSobidan 1359 (1312+47)
wels gvaZlevs. arada, zemoT ukve aRvniSneT, rom gansaxilavi minaweri,
ufro zustad ki, misi I striqoni, Sesrulebulia pasqaluri cxrilis
danayofebis 1356 wlis aRmniSvneli ganivi mwkrivis gaswvriv, rac,
Tavis mxriv, calsaxad migviTiTebs im faqtze, rom minaweris avtors
teqstSi gadmocemuli ambavi gansazRvruli aqvs ara 1359, aramed, 1356
wliT. Sesabamisad, gvrCeba sanaxevrod dakarguli sityvis aRdgenis
mesame hipoTeturi varianti: `[wli]|sa~, romelic zedmiwevniT zustad
241
Seesabameba II minaweris saerTo azrobriv konteqsts da gvauwyebs, rom
aRbuRa amirspasalaris da gardacvalebis Jams mz, anu 47 wlis iyo.
aRniSnulidan gamomdinare, minaweris IV striqonis bolos aRvadgenT
sam dakargul grafema `wli~-s da Sesabamis sityvas vkiTxulobT
Semdegi saxiT: `[wli]|sa~.
V striqonze, sityva `mz~-sa da Sesabamisi gankveTilobis orwer tilis
Semdeg ikiTxeba erTaderTi grafema `d~. misi momdevno, sami-xuTi

grafemisagan Semdgari teqsti furclis marjvena arSiidan etratis
zolis CamoWris gamo, mTlianad dakargulia. am, dakarguli fragmentis
aRdgenis Sesaxeb qvemoT, VI striqonis dadgenisas gveqneba saubari.
minaweris IV striqonis bolo fragmentisa da V striqonis teqsti
dadgenil unda iqnes Semdegi saxiT:
`[wli]|sa mz (47), d[...]~.
VI striqoni
teqstis gadmonaweri: `nbers[...]~.
Tedo Jordanias wakiTxva: `nbers (noembers?) - -~.
minaweris VI striqonis teqsti mxolod Tedo Jordanias publikaciaSia
warmodgenili. mkvlevari aq martooden pirvel xuT grafemas
`nbers~ ganarCevs da kiTxvis niSniT gvTavazobs am, fragmen tulad
SemorCenili sityvis miseul aRdgenas: `(noembers?)~. VI striqonis teqsts,
Tedo Jordaniasagan gansxvavebiT, rogorc Cans, fragmentuladac
ver kiTxuloben jumber odiSeli da Tamar bregaZe, ris gamoc es
striqoni maT gamocemebSi saerTod ar aris Setanili. Cven mTlianad
viziarebT VI striqonis pirveli xuTi grafemis Tedo Jordanias
wakiTxvas da Cveni mxriv, vadasturebT, rom aq dResac ganirCeva
grafemebi: `nbers~. gar da amisa, Cven viziarebT Tedo Jordanias mier
gamoTqmul im mosazrebasac, rom es xuTi grafema weliwadis erTerTi
Tvis aRmniSvneli sityvis Semadgeneli fragmenti unda iyos,
oRond misgan gansxvavebiT, vfiqrobT, rom teqstSi ikiTxeboda ara:
`(noembers?)~, aramed – `d[eke]|nbers[a]~. gansaxilavi fragmentis
maincadamainc aseTi saxiT aRdgenisaken, pirvel rigSi, gvibiZgebs
is garemoeba, rom V striqonze, sityva `mz~-s Semdeg, anu aRsadgeni
sityvis pirveli grafemis savaraudo mdebareobis adgilas ikiTxeba
ara grafema `n~, aramed – grafema `d~, rac, cxadia, calsaxad miuTiTebs
imaze, rom gansaxilavi sityva iwyeboda grafema `d~-Ti da amitom is
SeiZleba aRdges mxolod erTaderTi SesaZlo saxiT: `d[eke]|nbers[a]~.

kidev ufro martivad aris saqme amave sityvis bolos grafema à~-s
aRdgenasTan dakavSirebiT. es grafema furclis marjvena arSiidan
242
etratis zolis CamoWris gamo, dakargulia da amitom is, erTi mxriv,
konteqstis mixedviT, xolo, meore mxriv, Zveli qarTuli enis normebis
gaTvaliswinebiT gvaqvs aRdgenili.
dReisaTvis furclis marjvena arSiidan CamoWrili etratis
zolTan erTad VI striqonis kidura marjvena fragmentic aris
dakarguli. am fragmentze warmodgenili teqsti qvemoT, VII striqonis
teqstis dadgenisas gveqneba aRdgenili.
minaweris V striqonis bolo fragmentisa da VI striqonis teqsti
`d[eke]|nbers[a] [...]~.
VII striqoni
teqstis gadmonaweri: `cda: [-]r[...]~.
minaweris VII striqonis teqsti Setanili ar aris arc Tedo Jordanias,
arc jumber odiSelisa da arc Tamar bregaZis publikaciebSi. Cven striqonis
dasawyisSi garkveviT vkiTxulobT gankveTilobis orwertiliT
dasrulebul sam grafema `cda~-s. gankveTilobis niSnis Semdeg
Sesrulebuli iyo ori grafema, romelTagan pirveli grafema, melnis
gadasvlis gamo, aRar ganirCeva, xolo meore grafema ikiTxeba rogorc
`r~. am grafemis Semdeg Sesrulebuli teqsti, furclis marjvena arSiidan
etratis zolis CamoWris gamo, dakargulia, Tumca am teqstis aRdgena did
sirTules ar warmoadgens. marTlac, minaweris saerTo konteqstidan gamomdinare,
dabejiTebiT SeiZleba iTqvas, rom VI striqonis bolosa da VII
stri qonze gadmocemuli iyo dekembris Tvis erT-erTi dRis aRmniSvneli
ricxvi `[o]|cda: [e]r[Tsa:]~ an `[o]|cda: [o]r[sa:]~.

minaweris V striqonis bolo fragmentisa da VI striqonis teqsti
`[o]|cda[e]r[Tsa]~ an `[o]|cda[o]r[sa]~.
amiT vasrulebT A-85-is II kinklosuri minaweris teqstis dadgenaze
muSaobas da samecniero sazogadoebas vTavazobT am teqstis saboloo
wakiTxvas:
àqa gar[daxda] | patroni, a[mir]|spasalar[is aR]|buRas [da,
wli]|sa mz (47), d[eke]|nbers[a o]|cda[e]r[Tsa] (an `[o]|cda[o]r[sa]~).
mas Semdeg, rac SeZlebisdagvarad sruli saxiT davadgineT A-85-
is CvenTvis saintereso ori kinklosuri minaweris teqsti, gadavalT
am minawerebTan dakavSirebuli istoriul-wyaroTmcodneobiTi sak
i T xebis Seswavlaze da warmovadgenT am kvleva-Ziebis safuZvelze
miRebul ramdenime ZiriTad daskvnas.
243
1. A-85-is gansaxilavi ori kinklosuri minaweris daTariReba
I minaweris qronologiis sakiTxs pirvelad Tedo Jordania Seexo
da minaweris TariRis Sesaxeb imTaviTve ori gansxvavebuli mosazreba
gamoTqva. kerZod, man Tavisi `qronikebis~ II tomis 183-e gverdze gansaxilavi
kinklosuri minaweris qronologia m (40) qronikoniT, anu 1352 (40+1312)
wliT gansazRvra, xolo amave wignis 185-e gverdze igive minaweri ukve
1351 wliT daaTariRa: `1352 w. – qksa :m: aqa mo[vi]da: abuseriZisa: ivanes:
saxlsa: Siga...~;17 `...es warwera imave xeliT aris dawerili, rogorc
zemo ivane amirspasalar-abuserisZeze da siTixaTunze 1351 wlis
qveSe~.18
jumber odiSelma Tedo Jordanias mier SemoTavazebuli am ori
TariRidan (1351 w. da 1352 w.) upiratesoba meore TariRs (1351 w.) mianiWa
da minaweris qronologia sakuTar publikaciaSi 1351 wliT gansazRvra:
`lT – 1351 – [aqa] m[o]vida abuseris Zisa ivanes saxlisa Sigan...~19
jumber odiSelisagan gansxvavebul daskvnamde mivida Tamar

bregaZe. man Tedo Jordanias mier SemoTavazebuli ori TariRidan
(1351 w. da 1352 w.) ufro sarwmunod pirveli TariRi (1352 w.) miiCnia da
minaweri 1352 wliT Seitana sakuTar gamocemaSi: `[1352 w. `q~knsa] m, aqa
movida abuseris Zis ivanes saxlisa Sigan...~20
I minaweris qronologiis Taobaze erTgvarad winaaRmdegobrivi xasiaTis
suraTs vawydebiT nargiza goguaZis, mixeil qavTariasa da raul
Cagunavas naSromSi. aq mkvlevrebi, erTi mxriv, aRniSnaven, rom gansaxilavi
minaweri Sesrulebulia 39-e, anu lT (39) qronikonis, igive 1351
(39+1312) wlis gaswvriv, xolo meore mxriv, amave minaweris citirebisas,
teqstis dasawyisSi uTiTeben ara qronikon lT-s (39), aramed qronikon
m-s (40), rac, Tavis mxriv, 1352 (40+1312) wels gvaZlevs: `meToTxmete
moqcevis 39-e qronikonis, anu 1351 wlis gaswvriv damowmebulia vinme
abuseriZe ivanes saxli.. `qk~s m. aqa movida abuserisZisa ivanes saxlsa
Siga [da] amirspasalarisa da patroni siTi[xaTun] misi[Ta]...sli...~21
I minaweris qronologiis sakiTxs sul bolos winamdebare naSromis
erT-erTi Tanaavtori, irma beriZe Seexo. man srulad gaiziara Tedo
Jordanias mier SemoTavazebuli pirveli TariRi (1352 w.) da minaweri,
Tamar bregaZis msgavsad, 1352 wliT daaTariRa.22
17 qronikebi, II, 183. Sdr. `sinduxtar unda iyos zemo aRniSnuli (1352 w. qveSe)
siTixaTun...~ iqve, 183-184.
18 iqve, 185.
19 mcire qronikebi, 27.
21 abuserisZe, Txzulebani, 328-329.
22 beriZe, ìvane abuserisZis (XIV s.) amirspasalarobisa~, 50.
244
I minaweris daTariRebis msgavsad, sakmaod araerTgvarovani vi-
Tarebaa II minaweris qronologiasTan dakavSirebiTac. aRniSnuli minaweris
daTariRebis sakiTxs pirvelad isev da isev Tedo Jordania

Seexo da minaweris qronologia mg (43) qronikoniT, anu 1355 (43+1312)
wliT gansazRvra: `1355 w. – q~ks :mg: aqa: gar[daicvala?] | patroni
a[mir?]|spasalari...~23
Tedo Jordanias mier SemoTavazebuli TariRi (1355 w.) srulad iqna
gaziarebuli mogviano xanis araerTi mkvlevris: levan musxeliSvilis,
jumber odiSelis, nodar SoSiaSvilis, nargiza goguaZis, mixeil
qavTariasa da raul Cagunavas mier: `XIV s-Si gvxvdeba vinme abuserisZe
ivane, amir-spasalari, romelic 1355 wels gardacvlila~;24 `mg – 1355
– aq gar[daicvala?] patroni a[mir]spasala[ri]...~;25 `XIV saukuneSi cnobilia
amirspasalari ivane abuserisZe (gard. 1355 w.)~;26 àmave ivanes
gardacvalebas varaudobs T. Jordania 1355 wels. cnoba mas aRebuli
aqvs A-85-is qronikidan~27 da sxv.
II minaweris qronologiis Taobaze gansxvavebuli mosazreba aqvs
gamoTqmuli Tamar bregaZes. es ukanaskneli minaweris TariRs, CamoTvlil
mkvlevarTagan gansxvavebiT, md (44) qronikoniT gansazRvravs,
oRond am qronikonis TariRis qristeSobidan aTvlil welTaRicxvaze
gadayvanisas meqnikur uzustobas uSvebs da minaweris citirebisas,
teqstis dasawyisSi, SecdomiT, ara 1356 (44+1312), aramed 1354
wels uTiTebs: `[1354 w. `q~knsa] md, aqa gar[daicvala] patroni ...
spasalari...~28
Tamar bregaZis publikaciaSi gaparuli mcdari TariRi (1354 w.) upirobod
gaiziara winamdebare naSromis erT-erTma Tanaavtorma, irma
beriZem da II kinklosuri minaweri agreTve 1354 wliT daaTariRa.29
maSasadame, irkveva, rom A-85-is CvenTvis saintereso kinklosuri
minawerebis daTariRebis Taobaze samecniero literaturaSi ramdenime
gansxvavebuli mosazrebaa gamoTqmuli. kerZod, I minaweri daTari-
Rebulia 1351 (jumber odiSeli), 1352 (Tamar bregaZe, irma beriZe) da
1351//1352 (Tedo Jordania, nargiza goguaZe, mixeil qavTaria, raul
23 qronikebi, II, 185.
24 abuserisZe, bolok-basilis mSenebloba SuartyalSi, 23.

25 mcire qronikebi, 27.
26 nodar SoSiaSvili, àbuserisZeni~, qarTuli sabWoTa enciklopedia, 1 (Tbilisi,
1975), 47. Sdr. `XIV saukuneSi cnobilia amirspasalari ivane abuserisZe (g. 1355)~. nodar
SoSiaSvili, àbuserisZeni~, saqarTvelo, enciklopedia, 1 (Tbilisi, 1997), 39.
27 abuserisZe, Txzulebani, 329.
29 irma beriZe, ìvane abuserisZis (XIV s.) amirspasalarobisa~, 50.
245
Cagunava) wlebiT, xolo II minaweris qronologia gansazRvrulia 1354
(Tamar bregaZe, irma beriZe) da 1355 (Tedo Jordania, levan musxeliSvili,
jumber odiSeli, nodar SoSiaSvili, nargiza goguaZe, mixeil qav-
Taria, raul Cagunava) wlebiT.
gansaxilavi minawerebis Cven mier Sesrulebuli teqnikuri aRwerilobidan
aSkarad Cans, rom I kin klosuri minaweri Sesrulebulia 308v-s
qveda arSiaze, amave gverdze war modgenili pasqaluri cxrilis danayofebis
sul qveda, rigiT me-40 ga nivi mwkrivis, igive me-40 qronikonis,
anu qristeSobidan 1352 (40+1312), na kiani wlis aRmniSvneli striqonis
qvemoT, xolo II kinklosuri mi naweri Sesrulebulia 309r-s marjvena ar-
Siis zeda nawilSi, amave gverdze war modgenili pasqaluri cxrilis danayofebis
rigiT 44-e ganivi mwkri vis, igive 44-e qronikonis, anu qriste-
Sobidan 1356 (44+1312), agreTve, nakiani wlis aRmniSvneli striqonis gaswvriv.
amrigad, yovelive aRniSnulidan gamomdinare, sabolood dgindeba
Semdegi:
a) A-85-is CvenTvis saintereso I kinklosuri minaweri TariRdeba ara
1351 an 1351//1352 wlebiT, rogorc amas Tedo Jordania, jumber odiSeli,
nargiza goguaZe, mixeil qavTaria da raul Cagunava fiqrobdnen,
aramed – 1352 wliT, rogorc amas Tamar bregaZe da irma beriZe aRniSnavdnen;
b) A-85-is CvenTvis saintereso II kinklosuri minaweri TariRdeba
ara 1354 an 1355 wliT, rogorc amas Tedo Jordania, levan musxeliSvili,
jumber odiSeli, nodar SoSiaSvili, Tamar bregaZe, nargiza
goguaZe, mi xeil qavTaria, raul Cagunava da irma beriZe fiqrobdnen,
aramed – 1356 wliT.
2. ivane abuserisZis amirspasalarobisa da misi gardacvalebis
1355 wliT daTariRebis sakiTxi
I minawerSi moxseniebuli ivane abuserisZis amirspasalarobisa da
misi gardacvalebis 1355 wliT daTariRebis sakiTxi dRis wesrigSi
pirvelad Tedo Jordaniam dasva. aRniSnul sakiTxze msjelobisas mkvlevari
mTlianad emyareboda I da II minawerebis teqstebis miseul wakiTxvebs,
romelTa mixedviTac mkvlevars minawerebis Sinaarsi, rogorc
Cans, Semdegi saxiT esmoda. I minaweri – 1351//1352 wlebSi amirspasalar
ivane abuserisZis saxlSi mivida patroni siTixaTun; II minaweri – 1355
wels gardaicvala patroni, amirspasalari ivane abulserisZe: `1352 w.
– qksa :m: aqa mo[vi]da: abuseriZisa: ivanes: saxlsa: Siga [da] amirspasalarisa
da: patroni siTi[xaTun]...~; `1355 w. – q~ks :mg: aqa: gar[daicvala?]
| patroni a[mir?]|spasalari ivane? a]|buls[erisZe?]... SeiZleba àbuori
kinklosuri minaweri
246
serisZis~ magier ikiTxebodes àbuleTisZe~, Tumca es warwera imave xeliT
aris dawerili, rogorc zemo ivane amirspasalar-abuserisZeze da
siTixaTunze 1351 wlis qveSe~.30
miuxedavad imisa, rom Tedo Jordanias mier gamoTqmuli mosazreba
ivane abuserisZis amirspasalarobisa da misi gardacvalebis 1355 wliT
daTariRebis Taobaze sakmaod bundovani da naklebad dasabuTebuli
iyo, mogviano xanis mkvlevrebma: levan musxeliSvilma, Tamar bregaZem,
no dar SoSiaSvilma, iuri sixaruliZem da sxvebma, es mosazreba mainc
ukritikod gaiziares:
`meore mxriT, XIV s-Si gvxvdeba vinme abuserisZe ivane, amir-spasalari,
romelic 1355 wels gardacvlila. Tu Cvens ZeglSi (àxalni saswaulni
wmidisa giorgisni~-saTvis darTul abuserisZeTa sagvareulo

matianeSi – avtorebi) moxsenebuli uaxlesi Taobis (tbel abuserisZis
Svilebis – avtorebi) wlebi 1210-1260-iT ganvsazRvreT da ivane amirspasalaris
dabadebis weli 1300-is axlos vigulveT, maSin Cveni Zeglis
ukanasknel Taobasa da ivane amir-spasalars Sorisac ori ucnobi Taoba
unda vivaraudoT~; `sainteresoa, rom meore minawerSi... is (ivane – avtorebi)
ixsenieba `[a]buls[erisZe]-d~; `sakuTar saxelTa saZiebeli...
abuserisZe ivane IV, amirspasalari~.31
`pirTa saZiebeli... ivane abuseris Ze (amirspasalari)...~32
àbuserisZeni, XI-XIV ss. saqarTvelos did feodalTa sagvareulo...
XII-XIII ss-Si iyvnen mxolod xixaTa erisTavTerisTavebi. XIV s-Si cnobilia
amirspasalari ivane abuserisZe (gard. 1355 w.)~.33
ìvane. am saxeliT ànderZSi~ (abuserisZeTa sagvareulo matianeSi
– avtorebi) ori piri ixsenieba: mwerlis (tbel abuserisZis – avtorebi)
mama da Svili. ise ki mTel saxlSi (abuserisZeTa feodalur saxlSi –
avtorebi), jerjerobiT, oTxi ivanea dadasturebuli. pirveli (artanujis
erisTavi) iovaned iwodeba, xolo danarCenebi – ivaned. amaTgan
erTi ivane II (abuseris Ze) aWaris erisTavT-erisTavi iyo, xolo ivane III
(XIV s.) – amirspasalari...~; `saZieblebi. pirTa saxelebi... ivane amirspasalari
(abuserisZe)...~34
àbuserisZeni, XI-XIV ss. saqarTvelos did feodalTa sagvareulo...
XII-XIII ss-Si iyvnen xixaTa patronebi da erisTavTerisTavebi... XIV s-Si...
dawinaurdnen das. saqarTvelos samefo karze da miaRwies amirspasal-
30 qronikebi, II, 183, 185.
31 abuserisZe, bolok-basilis mSenebloba SuartyalSi, 23, 88.
32 qarTul xelnawerTa aRweriloba, I1, 457, 488.
33 SoSiaSvili, àbuserisZeni~, 47.
34 abuserisZe, cxovreba qviTxuroisa basilisa, 71, 78-79.
247
arobas. XIV saukuneSi cnobilia amirspasalari ivane abuserisZe (g.

1355)~;35 da sxv.
CamoTvlili mkvlevrebisagan gansxvavebiT, Tedo Jordanias mier
gamoTqmuli mosazreba ivane abuserisZis amirspasalarobis Sesaxeb,
rogorc Cans, jumber odiSelma ar gaiziara da I minawerSi moxseniebuli
ivane abuserisZe da amave minawerSi naxsenebi amirspasalari sxvadasxva
pirebad miiCnia. amaze, pirvel rigSi, migviTiTebs misi publikaciisaTvis
darTuli `pirTa saZiebeli~, sadac ivane abuserisZe raime samoxeleo
wodebis gareSea moxseniebuli, siTi-xaTuni ki, sapirispirod amisa,
swored amirspasalaris dad aris warmodgenili: `saZieblebi. pirTa...
ivane abuseris Ze II, II, 1 (igulisxmeba A-85-is CvenTvis saintereso I kinklosuri
minaweri – avtorebi)... siTi-xaTuni, amirspasalaris da II, II, 1
(igulisxmeba igive I kinklosuri minaweri – avtorebi)...~36
jumber odiSelis naSromis gamoqveynebidan sakmaod didi xnis Semdeg
Tedo Jordanias mosazrebis marTebulobaSi eWvi nodar SoSiaSvilmac
Seitana, romelic manamde, rogorc ukve vnaxeT zemoT, srulad
iziarebda debulebas ivane abuserisZis amirspasalarobisa da misi 1355
wels gardacvalebis Taobaze: `XIV s.-is abuserisZeebze cnobebi saistorio
wyaroebSi metad mwiria. T. Jordanias `qronikebis~ II tomSi gamoqveynebul
erT-erT minawerSi, 1355 wels gardacvlili ivane abuserisZe
amirspasalarad ixsenieba, magram, es minaweri damaxinjebuli Cans. abuserisZis
wakiTxva aq saeWvoa da ivanes amirspasalarobac eWvs iwvevs~.37
ivane abuserisZis amirspasalarobisa da misi gardacvalebis
sakiTxs sul bolos winamdebare naSromis erT-erTi Tanaavtori irma
beriZe Seexo. man erTgvarad dasrulebuli saxe misca jumber odiSelisa
da nodar SoSiaSvilis mosazrebebs da samecniero sazogadoebas
ori ZiriTadi debuleba SesTavaza: 1. I minaweris teqstSi moxseniebuli
ivane abuserisZe da amave minawerSi naxsenebi amirspasalari sxvadasxva
pirebi arian; da 2. II minaweris teqstSi saubaria ara ivane abuserisZis,
aramed amirspasalaris dis, siTixaTunis gardacvalebaze.38
iva ne abuserisZis amirspasalarobisa da misi 1355 wels gardacvalebis

sakiT xTan dakavSirebiT, sxva mkvlevrebisagan gansxvavebuli
pozicia daikaves nargiza goguaZem, mixeil qavTariam da raul Cagunavam.
maT, erTi mxriv, sarwmunod ar miiCnies Tedo Jordanias mosaz-
35 SoSiaSvili, àbuserisZeni~, 39.
36 mcire qronikebi, 136, 139, 141.
37 nodar SoSiaSvili, àbuserisZeTa saxli XI-XVI saukuneebSi~, abuserisZe tbeli
– 800 (Tbilisi, 1999), 8.
248
rebis is nawili, romlis Tanaxmadac ivane abuserisZe amirspasalarad
iyo miCneuli, xolo, meore mxriv, upirobod gaiziares amave mosazrebis
meore nawili da ivane abuserisZis gardacvalebis qronologia, Tedo
Jordanias msgavsad, 1355 wliT gansazRvres: `meToTxmete moqcevis 39-e
qronikonis, anu 1351 wlis gaswvriv damowmebulia vinme abuserisZe
ivanes saxli. `qk~s m. aqa movida abuserisZisa ivanes saxlsa Siga...~... amave
ivanes (abuserisZis – vtorebi) gardacvalebas varaudobs T. Jordania
1355 wels. cnoba mas aRebuli aqvs A-85-is qronikidan~.39
mas Semdeg, rac SeZlebisdagvarad sruli saxiT davadgineT A-85-is
Cven Tvis saintereso kinklosuri minawerebis teqstebi, SegviZlia, kidev
erT xel davubrundeT ivane abuserisZis amirspasalarobisa da misi
1355 wels gardacvalebis problemas da sabolood gavarkvioT es bundovani
sakiTxi.
I minaweris Cven mier dadgenil teqstze dayrdnobiT, dabejiTebiT
Se iZleba iTqvas, rom minawerSi sami sxvadasxva piria dasaxelebuli:
ivane abuserisZe, saxelis gareSe moxseniebuli amirspasalari da am
amirspaslaris da, patroni siTixaTuni. II minaweris Cven mier dadgenili
teqsti kidev ufro azustebs I minaweris cnobebs da gvauwyebs, rom
I minawerSi dasaxelebul amirspasalars saxelad aRbuRa hqvia da warmomavlobiT,
rogorc ukve aRvniSneT zemoT, ara abuserisZeTa, ara med

jayelTa feodalur saxls ekuTvnis. amave II minaweris Cven mier dadgenili
teqstidan aSkarad Cans isic, rom teqstSi saubaria ara ivane abuserisZis,
aramed aRbuRa amirspasalaris dis, siTixaTun jayelis gardacvalebis
Taobaze.
Semdegi:
a) ivane abuserisZe moxseniebulia A-85-is ara orive kinklosur
minawerSi, rogorc amas Tedo Jordania, levan musxeliSvili, nargiza
goguaZe, mixeil qavTaria da raul Cagunava fiqrobdnen, aramed
– mxolod I minaweris teqstSi, rogorc amas jumber odiSeli da Tamar
bregaZe aRniSnavdnen;
b) ivane abuserisZe A-85-is I kinklosur minawerSi moxseniebulia
ara amirspasalaris saxeloTi, rogorc amas Tedo Jordania, levan musxeliSvili,
Tamar bregaZe da iuri sixaruliZe fiqrobdnen, aramed yovelgvari
samoxeleo wodebis gareSe, rogorc amas jumber odiSeli,
nargiza goguaZe, mixeil qavTaria, raul Cagunava da irma beriZe aRniSnavdnen;
g) A-85-is kinklosuri minawerebis Cven mier dadgenili teqstidan
39 abuserisZe, Txzulebani, 328-329.
249
gamom dinare, avtomaturad ecleba safuZveli nodar SoSiaSvilis mier
1990 wels gamoTqmul erT uaRresad mniSvnelovan mosazrebas, romelic
mkvlevars, daaxloebiT, Semdegi saxiT aqvs Camoyalibebuli: XIV saukuneSi
dasavleT saqarTvelos samefo karze amirspasalaris saxelos
flobdnen abuserisZeebi, ris dokumentur dadasturebasac warmoadgens
A-85-is minawerebi, sadac ivane abuserisZe swored amirspasalaris
wodebiT aris moxseniebuli;
d) A-85-is II kinklosur minawerSi gadmocemulia ara ivane abuserisZis
micvalebis faqti, rogorc amas Tedo Jordania, levan musxeliSvili,
nargiza goguaZe, mixeil qavTaria da raul Cagunava fiqrobdnen,

aramed amirspasalar aRbuRa I-s dis, siTixaTun jayelis gardacvalebis
ambavi, rogorc amas irma beriZe aRniSnavda.
3. patroni siTixaTunis sagvareulo kuTvnileba, misi da-Zmis
vinaoba, ivane abuserisZis `saxlSi~ misvlis mizezebi da dabadebagardacvalebis
TariRebi
A-85-is CvenTvis saintereso kinklosur minawerebSi moxseniebuli
siTixaTunis vinaobis sakiTxs pirvelad Tedo Jordania Seexo. mkvlevris
dakvirvebiT, siTixaTuni da saqarTvelos mefis daviT IX-is (1346-1360
ww.) Tanamecxedre, 1354 wlis erTi dakarguli wyalobis wignSi moxseniebuli
dedofali sinduxtari erTi da igive piri iyo, romelic, rogorc
abuserisZeebTan daaxloebuli piri, samcxis aTabagebis, jayelebis na-
Tesavi unda yofiliyo: `1354 w. – qks: :mg: Cven mefeman daviT da dedofalman
sinduxtar giwyalobeT... sinduxtar unda iyos zemo aRniSnuli
(1352 w. qveSe) siTixaTun... albaT romlisame aTabagis naTesavi, radgan
daaxlovebuli yofila abuserTa saxlobasTan~.40
mogvianebiT, Tedo Jordanias es mosazreba winamdebare naSromis
erT-erTma Tanaavtorma irma beriZem kidev ufro ganavrco. mkvlevarma
gaiTvaliswina is garemoeba, rom vaxuSti bagrationis àRwera samefosa
saqarTvelosa~-s cnobiT, 1334-1361 wlebSi aTabagis saxelos yvaryvare
40 qronikebi, II, 183-184. mefe daviT IX-isa da dedofal sinduxtaris mier gacemul
1354 wlis dakargul wyalobis wignze saubrisas Tedo Jordania mTlianad emyareboda
vaxuSti bagrationis mier Sedgenil `qronologiur cxrils~, saidanac Cans,
rom swavlul batoniSvils, Tavis droze, XVIII saukunis I naxevarSi, xelT hqonda
aramxolod aRniSnuli dokumentis teqsti (sruli an fragmentuli saxiT), aramed
daviT IX-is mier gacemuli kidev erTi, 1355 wlis wyalobis wignic ki (agreTve, sruli
an fragmentuli saxiT): `q(oroni)k(o)nebi Cven m(ie)r povnilni wignebTa S(in)a...
q(riste)s aqaTi q(oroni)k(o)ni 1354, qarTuli q(oroni)k(o)ni m~b (42+1312=1354 w.).
Cven m(e)f(ema)n daviT da dedofalm(a)n sinduxtar giwyalobeT...; q(riste)s aqaTi
q(oroni)k(o)ni 1355, qarTuli q(oroni)k(o)ni m~g (43+1312=1355 w.). Cven m(e)f(ema)n
daviT yovlisa saqarTvelosaman giwyalobeT~ (qaragmis gaxsna Cvenia – avtorebi).

vaxuSti batoniSvili, aRwera samefosa saqarTvelosa, 894-895.
250
jayeli flobda da gamoTqva mosazreba, rom A-85-is I kinklosur minawerSi
moxseniebuli siTixaTuni swored aTabag-amirpasalaris yvaryvare
jayelis da iyo: `vin iyo saqarTvelos amirspasalari 1352-1354
wlebSi da visi da iyo abuseriZeTa rZali siTi-xaTuni? Cvenamde moRweuli
werilobiTi wyaroebidan cnobilia, rom 1334-1361 wlebSi aTabag-
amirspasalaris saxelos yvaryvare jayeli marTavda. Sesaba mi sad,
cxadi xdeba isic, rom siTi-xaTuni, romelic 1352 wels abuserisZeTa
sax lis rZali gaxda, aTabag-amirspasalar yvaryvare jayelis da iyo~.41
A-85-is kinklosuri minawerebis Cven mier dadgenili teqstebi ramdenime
Zvirfas cnobas gvawvdis siTixaTunis vinaobis Sesaxeb da saSualebas
gvaZlevs, sabolood gadavWraT aRniSnuli sakiTxi.
daviwyoT siTixaTunis sagvareulo kuTvnilebis sakiTxiT. II kinklosuri
minaweris teqstSi pirdapir aris aRniSnuli, rom igi aRbu Ra amirspasalaris,
anu XIV saukuneSi moRvawe cnobili istoriuli piris, aTabagamirspasalaris
aRbuRa I jayelis da iyo. Sesabamisad, mTlianad dasturdeba
Tedo Jordaniasa da irma beriZis mier siTixaTunis sagvareulo kuTvnilebis
Taobaze gamoTqmuli mosazrebebi da irkveva, rom es ukanaskneli
marTlac jayelTa feodaluri saxlis warmomadgeneli iyo.
calke ganxilvis sagania siTixaTunis da-Zmis vinaobis sakiTxi.
zemoT ukve aRvniSneT, rom, irma beriZis azriT, siTixaTuni aTabagamirspasalaris
yvaryvare jayelis da iyo. A-85-is kinklosuri minawerebis
Cven mier dadgenili teqstebi ar adasturebs am mosazrebas da
sapirispirod amisa, gvauwyebs, rom siTixaTuni, sinamdvileSi, aTabagamirspasalaris
aRbuRa I-is da iyo.
aRniSnul sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT, gansakuTrebul yuradRebas
ipyrobs XIV-XV saukuneebis bizantieli istorikosis miqel panaretosis
mier Sedgenili `trapizonis qronika~, sadac vkiTxulobT Semdegs:

`14 marts, paraskevs, meToTxmete indiqtons, 6882 (qristeSobidan 1374
(6882-5508)) wels, mefis (trapizonis imperatoris ioane-aleqsi III-is
(1350-1390 ww.) Ze, batoni despoti andronike didi komnenosi gadmovarda
didi komnenosisa da mefis andronikes sasaxlidan da, rogorc ki
Seiyvanes sasaxleSi, gardaicvala... xolo saqorwino piroba, romelic
dadebuli iyo iberiasTan Tbilisis mefis daviTis (saqarTvelos mefis
daviT IX-is) asulisaTvis, aRbuRas (aTabag-amirspasalaris aRbuRa I-is
– avtorebi) diswulisaTvis, gadatanil iqna Cveni mefis umcros, Rvi-
Zl da kanonier Zesa da Wabuk mefeze, baton manuilze, did komnenosze
(SemdgomSi trapizonis imperatorze manuil III-ze (1390-1412 ww.) – avtorebi).
roca Suamavloba Catarda, wabrZanda mefe da Cvenc masTan er-
41 beriZe, ìvane abuserisZis (XIV s.) amirspasalarobisa~, 50-51.
251
Tad 10 maiss, meTxuTmete indiqtions, 6885 (qristeSobidan 1377 (6885-
5508)) wels. lazikeSi rom mivediT, mTeli zafxuli, 15 agvistomde, iq
gavatareT, adgilSi, [saxelad] makregialuss. maSin wamobrZanda igi
[e. i. qarTvelTa mefis asuli] goniidan makregialuss. meore dRes daviZariT
da 30 agvistos, kvira dRes, mivaRwieT trapizons. axali wlis
xuT seqtembers, SabaTs, pirvel indiqtions, 6886 (qristeSobidan 1378
(6886-5508)) wels, daedga mas sadedoflo gvirgvini da ewoda evdokia,
pirvelad ki gulqan-xaTuni erqva~.42
rogorc vxedavT, miqel panaretosis TxzulebaSi xazgasmiT aris
aRniSnuli is faqti, rom mefe daviT IX-is asuli gulqan-xaTuni, SemdgomSi
evdokia, imavdroulad aRbuRa I jayelis diswulic iyo. Sesabamisad,
irkveva, rom aRbuRa I-s hyavda da, romelic saqarTvelos mefis
daviT IX-is Tanamecxedre iyo.
miqel panaretosis zemoT citirebul cnobas erTgvarad azustebs
zemoT erTxel ukve naxsenebi 1354 wlis dakarguli wyalobis wigni, romlis
erTi fragmenti vaxuSti bagrations Tavis `qronologiur cxril-

Si~ aqvs Setanili. rogorc am nawyvetidan vigebT, daviT IX-is meuRles
saxelad sinduxtari erqva: `q(oroni)k(o)nebi Cven m(ie)r povnilni
wignebTa S(in)a... q(riste)s aqaTi q(oroni)k(o)ni 1354, qarTuli q(oroni)
k(o)ni m~b (42+1312=1354 w.). Cven m(e)f(ema)n daviT da dedofalm(a)n sinduxtar
giwyalobeT...~ (qaragmis gaxsna Cvenia – avtorebi).43
sxvaTa Soris, swored vaxuSti bagrationis am cnobas eyrdnoboda
Tedo Jordania, roca aRniSnavda, rom daviT IX-is Tanamecxedre sinduxtari
da A-85-is kinklosur minawerebSi moxseniebuli siTixaTuni
erTi da igive piri iyo (ix. zemoT).
Cven mTlianad viziarebT Tedo Jordanias mosazrebis pirvel
nawils, romlis Tanaxmadac, daviT IX-is meuRle, sagvareulo warmomavlobiT,
jayelTa feodalur saxls miekuTvneboda da saxelad sinduxtari
erqva. Tumca, imavdroulad, veranairad ver gaviziarebT mkvlev
ris mosazrebis meore nawils, romlis mixedviTac dedofali sinduxtari
da A-85-is kinklosur minawerebSi moxseniebuli siTixaTuni erTi
da igive piri iyo.
42 miqael panaretosi, àmbavi trapizonis mefeebis, didi komnenosebisa, TiToeulma
rogor, rodis da ramden xans imefa~, georgika, bizantieli mwerlebis cnobebi
saqarTvelos Sesaxeb, teqstebi qarTuli TargmaniTurT gamosca da ganmartebebi
daurTo simon yauxCiSvilma, VII (Tbilisi, 1967), 206-207. Sdr. miqel panaretosi,
`trapizonis qronika~, berZnuli teqsti qarTuli TargmaniT, Sesavali weriliT,
SeniSvnebiTa da saZiebliT gamosca aleqsandre gamyreliZem, masalebi saqarTvelosa
da kavkasiis istoriisaTvis, 33 (Tbilisi, 1960), 41-42.
43 vaxuSti batoniSvili, aRwera samefosa saqarTvelosa, 894-895.
252
amgvari daskvnisaken logikurad gvibiZgebs ori ZiriTadi garemoeba:
1. vaxuSti bagrationis cnobiT, 1360 wels, roca mefe daviT IX
gardaicvala, misi Tanamecxedre, dedofali sinduxtari jer kidev
cocxali iyo: `...da movlida ese daviT mefe samefosa TÂssa zemo-quemosa,
amer-imerTa da ganagebda, nadimobda, nadirobda da iSuebda; aramed
geguTs yofasa Sina gardaicvala q(oronikon)sa C~tÁ (1360 w.), qarTulsa
m~À (48+1312=1360 w.), dauteva dedofali coli TÂsi sinduxtar da
Ze bagrat. mimRes (!) da dafles gelaTs~.44 rac Seexeba siTixaTuns, is,
A-85-is II kinklosuri minaweris Cven mier dadgenili teqstis Tanaxmad,
1356 wels iyo gardacvlili; 2. amave II kinklosuri minaweris sabolood
dadgenil teqstSi siTixaTuni moxseniebulia ara rogorc mefe daviT
IX-is meuRle, aramed – rogorc amirspasalar aRbuRas da. Cveni dakvirvebiT,
es faqti amTaviTve gamoricxavs patroni siTixaTunisa da
dedofal sinduxtaris erTmaneTTan gaigivebis SesaZleblobas: yovlad
warmoudgenelia, rom siTixaTuni saqarTvelos gaerTianebuli
saxelmwifos pirveli piris, mefe daviT IX-is Tanamecxedre yofiliyo
da es faqti gakvriTac ki ar aReniSnaT kinklosuri minaweris teqstSi.
maSasadame, irkveva, rom dedofali sinduxtari da patroni siTixa-
Tuni ara erTi da igive piri, aramed sxvadasxva pirebi, ufro zustad ki,
debi iyvnen. Sesabamisad, cnobili xdeba isic, rom aTabag-amirspasalar
aRbuRa I-s hyavda ara erTi da, rogorc es samecniero literaturaSi
aqamde iyo miRebuli,45 aramed – ori da: sinduxta ri, romelic, vaxuSti
bagrationis cnobiT, saqarTvelos mefis daviT IX-is Tanamecxedre iyo
da siTixaTuni, romelic A-85-is CvenTvis saintereso I da II kinklosur
minawerebSia moxseniebuli.
siTixaTunis da-Zmis vinaobis sakiTxis ganxilvis bolos, gvsurs,
yuradReba sagangebod SevaCeroT kidev erT saintereso garemoebaze.
vaxuSti bagrationis àRwera samefosa saqarTvelosa~-sa da `qronologiur
cxrilSi~, SedarebiT ufro adreuli periodis kinklosur minawerze
(?) dayrdnobiT, aRniSnulia, rom 1358 wels dasavleT saqarTvelos
mefis miqelis (1327-1329 ww.) vaJma, imereTis erisTavma bagratma,
mefe daviT IX-is nebarTviT, colad SeirTo aTabag yvaryvare sargisis
Zis asuli: `da Zisa miqel mefisasa ityÂs qoronikoni. `miqel mefis Zem
da ara mefeman bagrat, yuaryuares asuli SeirTo colad q(oronikon)sa

44 iqve, 260-261.
45 qronikebi, II, 183-184; iuri sixaruliZe, `samcxis samTavros politikuri istoriidan
XIII-XV saukuneebSi~, samxreT saqarTvelos istoriisa da eTnografiis
sakiTxebi, VIII (baTumi, 1975), 50; mixeil baxtaZe, jayelTa sagvareulos istoria XIXV
saukuneebSi (Tbilisi, 2008), 78; da sxv.
253
C~tnÀ (1358 w.), qar. m~v (46+1312=1358 w.)~;46 `xolo am giorgi mefisagan
(saqarTvelos mefis giorgi V brwyinvalis (1299, 1318-1346 ww.) mier –
avtorebi) iqmna erisTavad Ze miqel mefisa bagrat, da iyo morCilebasa
Sina giorgi mefisasa Sorapans... xolo amisa Semdgomad moiyvana colad
asuli yuaryuare aTabagisa bagrat miqel mefis Zeman, q(oronikon)
sa C~tnÀ (1358 w.), qar. m~v (46+1312=1358 w.) da iqorwina mis Tana nebiTa
daviT mefisaTa...~ (qaragmis gaxsna Cvenia – avtorebi);47 `q(oroni)k(o)
nebi Cven m(ie)r povnilni wignebTa S(in)a... q(riste)s aqaTi q(oroni)k(o)
ni 1358, qarTuli q(oroni)k(o)ni m~v (46+1312=1358 w.). m(e)fis miqelis
Zem bagrat, yvaryvare aTabagis qali SeirTo~ (qaragmis gaxsna Cvenia –
avtorebi).48
vaxuSti bagrationis am cnobebis garda, Cvenamde moaRwia caiSis
eklesiis omoforma, romelic XIV saukuneSi anCis saepiskoposo taZris
sakuTrebas warmoadgenda da romlis warweraSic moxseniebulia amirspasalarisa
da samcxis spasalaris yvaryvares asuli (?), dedofalTdedofali
naTeli: `q. saSinelo xato anCisa! Seiwire mcire ese omofori
dedofalT-dedoflisa naTelisi, Zisa didisa sulkurTxe||ulisa amirspasalarisa
da samcxis spasalarisa yuaryuaresi aqa da saukunesa. a(me)n.
anCelisa TeofanesTÂs Sekeruli~ (qaragmis gaxsna Cvenia – avtorebi).49
omoforis warweris teqstis pirveli gamomcemlis Tedo Jordanias
azriT, am warweraSi moxseniebuli amirspasalari da samcxis spasalari
yvaryvare da vaxuSti bagrationis mier naxsenebi aTabagi yvaryvare
sargisis Ze erTi da igive piri unda iyos. mkvlevris dakvirvebiT,

yvaryvares hyavda asuli, omoforis warweraSi moxseniebuli dedofalTdedofali
naTeli, romelic vaxuSti bagrationis cnobiT, colad
gahyva imereTis erisTavs bagrat miqelis Zes.50 Tedo Jordanias
mier gamoTqmuli es mosazreba dReisaTvis samecniero literaturaSi
TiTqmis mTlianad aris gaziarebuli.51
samwuxarod, Cven, jerjerobiT, ar SegviZlia, dabejiTebiT vTqvaT,
46 vaxuSti batoniSvili, aRwera samefosa saqarTvelosa, 302.
47 iqve, 802. Sdr. `kualad amav daviT mefis nebiTa SeirTo bagrat erisTavman miqel
mefis Zeman asuli yuaryuare aTabagisa~. iqve, 260.
48 iqve, 894-895.
49 qronikebi, II, 186. Sdr. eqvTime TayaiSvili, àrxeologiuri mogzaurobidan samegreloSi~,
Zveli saqarTvelo, III (tfilisi, 1913-1914), 183.
50 qronikebi, II, 186.
51 TayaiSvili, àrxeologiuri mogzaurobidan samegreloSi~, 183; qeTevan daviTiSvili,
`qarTuli naqargobis uZvelesi nimuSi~, Zeglis megobari, 22 (1970), 30-33; sixaruliZe,
`samcxis samTavros politikuri istoriidan~, 42; valeri silogava, kaxa Sengelia,
tao-klarjeTi (Tbilisi, 2006), 63; da sxv.
254
ra saxis naTesauri kavSiri arsebobda vaxuSti bagrationis Txzulebasa
da caiSis omoforis warweraSi moxseniebul aTabag, amirspasalar da
samcxis spasalar yvaryvare sargisis Zesa da siTixaTunis Zmas, aTabagamirspasalar
aRbuRa I-s Soris. Tumca ki, Tu samomavlod sabolood dadasturdeba
ucxoeli kavkasiologis kirile Tumanovis mier gamoTqmuli
mosazreba, rom aRbuRa I swored am yvaryvare sargisis Zis vaJi iyo
(mkvlevris mier gamoTqmuli am da sxva mosazrebebis Sesaxeb vrclad ix.
qvemoT), maSin avtomaturad dadgindeba isic, rom A-85-is kinklosur
minawerebSi moxseniebul siTixaTuns, dedofali sinduxtaris garda,
hyavda kidev erTi da, caiSis omoforis warweraSi moxseniebuli dedofalTdedofali
naTeli, romelic, vaxuSti bagrationis cnobiT, 1358

wels colad SeirTo dasavleT saqarTvelos mefis miqelis vaJma, imere-
Tis erisTavma bagrat bagrationma.52
patroni siTixaTunis ivane abuserisZis `saxlSi~ misvlis mizezebTan
dakavSirebul sakiTxebs dRemde mxolod erTi mkvlevari, winamdebare
naSromis erT-erTi Tanaavtori irma beriZe Seexo. misi dakvirvebiT,
`siTi-xaTunis es `misvla~ an Tavad ivanes Tanamecxedred, an kidev,
misi saxlis rZlad miyvanas unda niSnavdes~; À-85-is 1352 wlis qronikaluri
minaweri mogviTxrobs samxreT-dasavleT saqarTvelos or did
feodalur gvars, jayelebsa da abuserisZeebs Soris momxdari dinastiuri
qorwinebis ambavs, ufro zustad ki, aTabag-amirspasalar yvaryvare
jayelis dis, siTi-xaTunis abuserisZeTa saxlSi rZlad misvlis
aqamde ucnob faqts~.53
miuxedavad imisa, rom aRniSnuli mosazreba sakmaod logikurad
gamoiyureba, arsebobs erTi metad sayuradRebo garemoeba, romelic
Zalauneburad gvibiZgebs am mosazrebis gadasinjvisaken. marTlac,
Tuki Cven gaviziarebT im mosazrebas, rom A-85-is I kinklosur minawer-
Si siTixaTunis abuserisZeTa feodalur saxlSi rZlad misvlis ambavia
gadmocemuli, maSin logikurad unda davaskvnaT isic, rom siTixaTuni
gardacvalebis Jams an ivane abuserisZis, an kidev, misi ojaxis romelime
sxva wevris Tanamecxedre iyo. am SemTxvevaSi, vfiqrobT, logikurad
52 meore mxriv, dedofalTdedofal naTelis patroni siTixaTunis dad gamocxadebas
garkveulwilad erTi mniSvnelovani garemoeba ewinaaRmdegeba. vaxuSti bagrationis
mixedviT, yvaryvare sargisis Zis asuli bagrat miqelis Zem colad SeirTo
1358 wels, patroni siTixaTuni ki, rogorc qvemoT vnaxavT amas, daibada 1309 wels.
Sesabamisad, Tuki gaviziarebT im varauds, rom siTixaTuni da naTeli debi iyvnen,
maSin gamova, rom erTi dis dabadebisa da meore dis gaTxovebis TariRebs Soris
uCveulod did, TiTqmis naxevarsaukunovan qronologiur Sualeds miviRebT, rac,
cxadia, naklebad sarwmunos xdis aRniSnul mosazrebas.

255
ibadeba kiTxva – ratom gakvriT mainc ar aris naxsenebi siTixaTunis
abuserisZeTa saxlis rZlobis faqti A-85-is II kinklosuri minaweris
teqstSi, sadac, erTi mxriv, siTixaTunis gardacvalebis ambavia gadmocemuli,
xolo meore mxriv, misi Zmis, aRbuRa amirspasalaris vinaobaa
xazgasmuli? gana ufro mosalodneli ar iyo, rom imxanad jer kidev
abuserisZeTa feodaluri saxlis kuTvnili A-85-is kinklosur minawer-
Si, pirvel rigSi, swored am xelnaweris patronebisaTvis mniSvnelovani
detalis, abuserisZeebsa da gardacvlil siTixaTuns Soris arsebuli
naTesauri kavSirisaTvis gaesvaT xazi da ara, vTqvaT, siTixaTunis Zmis
vinaobisaTvis?
Cveni dakvirvebiT, aRniSnul kiTxvas mxolod erTi sarwmuno pasuxi
SeiZleba hqondes: rogorc Cans, siTixaTuni abuserisZeTa ojaxis rZali
ar iyo da misi ivane abuserisZis feodalur saxlSi misvla raime sxva
mize ziT an mizezebiT iyo ganpirobebuli. rac Seexeba Tavad am mizezsa
Tu mizezebs, maT Sesaxeb, savaraudod, A-85-is I kinklosuri minaweris III
da IV striqonebze unda yofiliyo saubari. Tumca, am striqonebze warmodgenili
teqsti, furclis qveda arSiidan etratis zolis CamoWris
gamo, rogorc ukve aRvniSneT zemoT, TiTqmis mTlianad aris dakarguli
da amitom gansaxilavi sakiTxis Sesaxeb raime kategoriuli mosazrebis
gamoTqmis SesaZlebloba, jerjerobiT, ar gagvaCnia.54
A-85-is II kinklosuri minaweris Cven mier dadgenili teqstis Tanaxmad,
patroni siTixaTuni gardacvalebis Jams, anu 1356 wels, 47 wlis
iyo. aqedan, avtomaturad gamomdinareobs daskvna, rom siTixaTun
jayeli dabadebuli iyo 1309 (1356-47) wels.
54 ivane javaxiSvilis dakvirvebiT, òqros urdoSi janibegis yaanobis dros ukve
1346 w. gaCnda Savi Wiri, romelic xalxs musrs avlebda, iqiTgan es moaruli yirimsac
moedo. raki Semdeg Savi Wiri jer rumSi, xolo 1348 w. asureTsa da egvipteSic
Zalze gavrcelda xalxSi ise, rom mosaxleobis naxevari am moarulis msxverpli
Seiqmna, amitom cxadia, rom rumsa da yirims Sua mdebare saqarTveloSi 1348 w. gavrcelebuli
`didi sikvdilobac~ (igulisxmeba qarTveli mwignobris avgaroz bandaisZis
mier gadawerili 1348 wlis `paraklitonis~ anderZidan citirebuli fraza,
sadac saubaria mosaxleobis `sikvdilobaze~ – avtorebi) amave Savi Wiris moarulis
mZvinvarebis Sedegi unda yofiliyo. ramden xans gagrZelda saqarTveloSi Savi
Wiri, amaze cnobebi ar mogvepoveba. magram rogorc SemdegSi davrwmundebiT, 1366
w. bagrat V-is (saqarTvelos mefis bagrat V-is – avtorebi) Tanamecxedre elene dedofali
swored am avadmyofobam imsxverpla da es gvafiqrebinebs, rom moaruli
CvenSic didxans yofila dabudebuli~. ivane javaxiSvili, `qarTveli eris istoria~,
III, nawili I, Txzulebani Tormet tomad, III (Tbilisi, 1982), 179-180. sainteresoa,
siTixaTun jayelis abuseriZeTa feodalur saxlSi misvla (zemo aWaraSi gaxizvna?)
da misi iq gardacvaleba xom ar iyo dakavSirebuli swored Savi Wiris epidemiasTan,
romelic, ivane javaxiSvilis azriT, 1340-1360-ian wlebSi mZvinvarebda saqarTveloSi
da romelmac, TviT samefo ojaxis wevrebic ki imsxverpla?
256
siTixaTunis dabadebis zusti TariRis dadgenas sakmaod didi mniSvneloba
aqvs misi Zmis, aTabag-amirspasalaris aRbuRa I-is mamisSvilobis
sakiTxisa da XIV saukunis jayelTa feodaluri saxlis istoriasTan,
genealogiasa da qronologiasTan dakavSirebuli araerTi mniSvnelovani
sakiTxis sabolood garkvevisaTvis. Tumca, am sakiTxebis Taobaze
Cvens sxva publikaciebSi gveqneba saubari.
Semdegi:
a) patroni siTixaTuni moxseniebulia A-85-is ara mxolod I kinklosur
minawerSi, rogorc amas Tedo Jordania, jumber odiSeli da Tamar
bregaZe fiqrobdnen, aramed – orive kinklosuri minaweris teqstSi;
b) siTixaTuni Tavisi sagvareulo warmomavlobiT ekuTvnoda
jayelTa feodalur saxls, rogorc amas Tedo Jordania da irma beriZe
fiqrobdnen;
g) siTixaTun jayels namdvilad hyavda Zma, oRond ara aTabag-amirspasalari

yvaryvare I, rogorc amas irma beriZe fiqrobda, aramed –
aTabag-amirspasalari aRbuRa I;
d) siTixaTun jayeli da saqarTvelos mefis daviT IX-is Tanamecxe
d re, dedofali sinduxtar jayeli erTi da igive piri ki ar iyo,
rogorc amas Tedo Jordania fiqrobda, aramed isini sxvadasxva pirebi,
ufro zustad ki – debi iyvnen;
e) siTixaTun jayels, dedofal sinduxtaris garda, SesaZloa, hyavda
kidev erTi da, dedofalTdedofali naTeli, romelic dasavleT
saqarTvelos mefis miqelis vaJis, imereTis erisTavis bagrat bagrationis
Tanamecxedre iyo;
v) A-85-is kinklosuri minawerebis analizi ar adasturebs irma beriZis
mier gamoTqmul mosazrebas, rom siTixaTun jayeli abuserisZeTa
saxlis rZali iyo;
z) siTixaTun jayelis abuserisZeTa saxlSi misvlis zusti mizezebi,
jerjerobiT, daudgenelia;
T) siTixaTun jayeli 1309 wels daibada da 1356 wels, 47 wlis asakSi
gardaicvala.
4. aRbuRa I-is mier aTabag-amirspasalaris saxelos miRebis
TariRisa da misi winamorbedi samcxis mTavrebis (XIV s.) zeobis zeda
qronologiuri zRvris dazusteba.
A-85-is kinklosuri minawerebis Cven mier dadgenil teqstebSi moxseniebuli
amirspasalar aRbuRas, igive, aTabag-amirspasalar aRbuRa I jaye
lis Sesaxeb araerTi qarTuli da ucxouri werilobiTi Zegli gvawv dis
cno bebs. Tavdapirvelad movitanT am Zeglebis Sesabamis fragmentebs.
1. mandaturTuxuces beqa I jayelisa da CvenTvis saintereso aTabag-
257
amirspasalaris aRbuRa I-is mier Sedgenili e. w. `beqa-aRbuRas samarTlis
wignis~ (XIII-XIV ss.) I varianti:55
`wigni samarTlisa kacTa Secodebisa yovlisave.

saxeliTa RmrTisaÁTa, – dausabamoÁsa mamisa, Zisa da wmidisa sulisaÁTa,
– meoxebiTa yovlad wmidisa RmrTismSobelisaÁTa da yovel-
Ta wmidaTa zecisa da queyanisaÁTa, me, aTabag-amilspasalarman aRbuRa,
movaÃseneT patiosansa... mawyuerelsa da biZa-ZeTa CemTa SaSi asa
da missa Zmasa safaris moZRuarsa pafnutis, xuTsave Temsa samcxisasa,
taovelTa, SavSTa da klarjTa da maT Sina myofTa episkopozTa da
meudabnoveTa, moweseTa mowmobiTa mindobilni RmrTisani da yovlad
wmidisa RmrTismSobelisani, dav[i]deviT winaSe patronisa papisCemisa
beqaÁs ganaCeni, igi srulebiTa da uklebelad davwereT da, raÁca JamTa
siaviTa sxuani uwesoni saqmeni Semosrul iyvnes, maTi samarTali zeda
daurTeT, ase rome raÁca sisxlisa, gerSisa, dasxmisa, Ralatisa da raÁsa
ginda TeTrisa sauravisa saqme iyos.
patonis papisCemisagan ganaCeni yazanuri TeTri iyo. ama Jamsa Sina
yazanuroba arRara iyo, didisa mefisa giorgis Jamisa TeTri gavaCineT...
[aRbuRa aTabag-amirspasalaris samarTali].
me, patronman, aTabag-amilspasalarman aRbuRa, movikle srulisa
samc xisa saqme. Jamisa siaviTa didi kaci ipativebs. masve laSqarTa Sina
cxenisa parva Seqnil iyo. ewyina sapatioTa kacTa da mas winaSe sapatio-
Ta msxdomTa kacTa, mekobris gaCenili Zvelsave miayoles...~56
55 `beqa-aRbuRas samarTlis wignma~ Cvenamde ori variantis saxiT moaRwia. aqedan,
I varianti daculia vinme ieses mier 1672 wels gadaweril xelnawer wignSi, xolo II
varianti warmodgenilia qarTlis janiSinis (1703-1714 ww.), SemdgomSi qarTlis mefis
vaxtang VI-is (1716-1724 ww.) iniciativiT 1705-1708 wlebSi Sedgenili `samarTlis
wignTa krebulis~ Semcvel ramdenime xelnawer nusxaSi. ivane javaxiSvili, `qarTuli
samarTlis istoria~, I, Txzulebani Tormet tomad, VI (Tbilisi, 1982), 102-108.
56 doliZe, Zveli qarTuli samarTali, 285-286, 316. Sdr. `vaxtang VI-is samarTlis
wignTa krebuli~, qarTuli samarTlis Zeglebi, teqstebi gamosca, gamokvleva da
leqsikoni daurTo profesorma isidore doliZem, I (Tbilisi, 1963), 425, 450. `beqaaRbuRas
samarTlis wignis~ II varianti: `SeviyareniT WulevTa mindobilni RmrTisani
da awyurisa RmrTismSoblisani, da gaqcevisa (?), davideviT wina patronisa

papisCemisa, mandaturTuxucesis beqas ganaCeni da agreve srulebiT da uklebelad
davswereT da, raca JamTa siaviTa sxvani uwesoni saqmeni Semosuliyvnen, maTi samar-
Talica zeda daurTeT, asre rome rac sisxlisa da gerSisa, dasxmisa da Ralatisa da
rasa ginda ferisa dasaurvebeli saqme iyos. patronisa papisCemisagan ganaCeni yazanuri
TeTri iyo da ama JamTa Siga yazanuroba aR-sadme-moklebuliyo (?) da didis
warCinebulis mefis giorgis Jamisa TeTri gavaCineT... [aRbuRa aTabag-amirspasalaris
samarTali]. aw patronman, aTabag-amirspasalarman aRbuRa, moikla srulisa samcxisa
saqme da ama JamTa siaviTa didi moave kaci sabatiobasa (?) Tana gar(?) Tavadad
258
2. sofel xovles sanaxebSi mdebare zesxevis wm. Tevdores eklesiis
samxreT kedelze Sesrulebuli, 1360-1380-iani wlebiT daTariRebuli
nakawri warwera:
`p(a)tronsa am(i)rsp(a)s(a)r(a)ls aRb(u)R(a)s | g[au]marjos
nam<a>r(a)vl(i) m(is)i | ||| R(merTma)n Cemn(i) c(o)dv(a)ni m[ou]y(a)r(e)ni
y(vela)m | ||||| S(eundve)n R(merTma)n. s(a)rg(i)s S(eundve)n R(merTma)n. beqas
S(eundve)n R(merTma)n. | S(a)lv(a)s S(eundve)n R(merTma)n. Sv(i)ln(i)
yov(e)l[Ta] C(uenT)a | Zu(e)lT, ax(a)lT S(eundve)n R(merTma)n~.57
3. ierusalimis jvris qarTvelTa monastris saaRape wignis XIV saukunis
II naxevriT daTariRebuli 153 aRapi:
`[Tuesa ianvarsa z (7)].
am(a)sve dR(e)sa wirvaÁ da aRapi aRbuR(a)si, Seundven
RmerTman~.58
4. XIV-XV saukuneebis bizantieli istorikosis miqel panaretosis
laSqarTa cxenTa parva Seqmniliyo. ese iwyina da amave sabatioTa kacTa mas winaSe
sxdomiTa da bWobiTa saparo-sainjuTa da mekobris sapatiJosa ganaCenni Zvelisave
miayoles...~ doliZe, Zveli qarTuli samarTali, 285-286, 317. Sdr. `vaxtang VI-is samarTlis
wignTa krebuli~, 425, 450.
57 kldiaSvili, `xovles (zesxevis) warwerebi~, 67-68. Cven mier citirebuli teqsti wakiTxulia
darejan kldiaSvilis mier, amave teqstis ivane javaxiSvilis mier Sesrulebul

gadmonawerze dayrdnobiT (gadmonaweri daculia xelnawerTa erovnul centrSi, ivane
javaxiSvilis pirad arqivSi). kldiaSvili, `xovles (zesxevis) warwerebi~, 65-67. sakiTxis
srulad ilustrirebis mizniT, ucvleli saxiT movitanT Tavad ivane javaxiSvilis mier
Sesrulebul gadmonawers: `{p}tronsa amirspsrls aR{bRs} | g|marjos namarvl mi | || Rn Cemn
cdvni mynyrni ym | ||||| Sn Rn srgis Sn Rn beqas Sn Rn | Slvs Sn Rn Svln yovel Ca | ZolT axlT
Sn Rn~. iqve, 66. Sdr. darejan kldiaSvili, `jayelTa feodaluri sagvareulos istoriidan
(XI saukune – XIV saukunis I naxevari)~, naSromi istoriul mecnierebaTa kandidatis samecniero
xarisxis mosapoveblad, saqarTvelos mecnierebaTa akademiis korneli kekeliZis
saxelobis xelnawerTa instituti, 1981, 102. garda amisa, aqve warmovadgenT citirebuli
warweris kidev erT wakiTxvas, romelic levan musxeliSvils ekuTvnis da romelic, ivane
javaxiSvilis mier Sesrulebul gadmonawerze, ufro zustad ki, am gadmonaweris odnav
gansxvavebul variantzea damyarebuli (warweris gadmonaweris es, odnav gansxvavebuli
varianti levan musxeliSvilisaTvis uSualod ivane javaxiSvils gadaucia). levan musxeliSvili,
arqeologiuri eqskursiebi maSavris xeobaSi (Tbilisi, 1941), 73-74. sagulisxmoa,
rom levan musxeliSvili, darejan kldiaSvilisagan gansxvavebiT, warweris pirvel
naxevars gabmuli saxiT ver kiTxulobs: àq TiTqmis mxolod imis gageba SeiZleba, rom
ixsenieba patroni amir-spasalari aRbuRa~. rac Seexeba warweris meore naxevars, is mkvlevars
Semdegi saxiT aqvs wakiTxuli: `– Seundven RmerTman, sargis(s) Seundven RmerTman,
beqas Seundven RmerTman, Salvas Seundven RmerTman, SvilTa (Svilni?) yovel(Ta) CemTa
ZuelT(a) (da) axalT(a) Seundven RmerTman~. musxeliSvili, arqeologiuri eqskursiebi
maSavris xeobaSi, 74.
58 elene metreveli, masalebi ierusalimis qarTuli koloniis istoriisaTvis (XIXVII
ss.) (Tbilisi, 1962), 93, 156-157.
259
`trapizonis qronika~, romlis Sesabamisi fragmenti zemoT erTxel
ukve gvqonda citirebuli:
`14 marts, paraskevs, meToTxmete indiqtions, 6882 (qristeSobidan
1374) wels, mefis Ze, batoni despoti andronike didi komnenosi gadmovarda
didi komnenosisa da mefis andronikes sasaxlidan da, rogorc ki

Seiyvanes sasaxleSi, gardaicvala... xolo saqorwino piroba, romelic
dadebuli iyo iberiasTan Tbilisis mefis daviTis asulisaTvis, aRbuRas
diswulisaTvis, gadatanil iqna Cveni mefis umcros, RviZl da
kanonier Zesa da Wabuk mefeze, baton manuilze, did komnenosze. roca
Suamavloba Catarda, wabrZanda mefe da Cvenc masTan erTad 10 maiss,
meTxuTmete indiqtions, 6885 (qristeSobidan 1377) wels. lazikeSi
rom mivediT, mTeli zaf xuli, 15 agvistomde, iq gavatareT, adgilSi,
[saxelad] makregialuss. maSin wamobrZanda igi [e. i. qarTvelTa mefis
asuli] goniidan makregialuss. meore dRes daviZariT da 30 agvistos,
kvira dRes, mivaRwieT trapizons. axali wlis xuT seqtembers, SabaTs,
pirvel indiqtions,À6886 (qristeSobidan 1378) wels, daedga mas sadedoflo
gvirgvini da ewoda evdokia, pirvelad ki gulqan-xaTuni erqva~.59
5. XV saukunis I aTwleulSi Sedgenili sinas wm. ekaterines monastris
qarTvelTa eklesiis sulTa matianis erT-erTi mosaxsenebeli:
`s(u)lsa aTabagsa a{R}buRas S(eundo)s R(merTma)n~.60
6. 1419 wels gadawerili somxuri xelnaweris, grigol taTevacis
kiTxva-migebanis hiSatakarani (anderZi):
`[wigni daiwera] qarTvelebze aleqsandres (saqarTvelos mefis
aleqsandre I-is (1412-1442 ww.)), bagrat mefis (bagrat V-is) Zis,
[i]usuf paronisagan mokluli, kostantianosis (saqarTvelos mefis
konstantine I-is (1407-1412 ww.)) Svilis mefobisas, aRbuRas Zis ivanes
aTabagobisas~.61
7. XV saukunis bolo meoTxediT daTariRebuli istoriuli dokumenti,
zevdginisZis saCivris wigni:
`[gamoÃda did]i xani da gailaSqra giorgi me|[feman (saqarTvelos
mefe giorgi VII-m (1393-1407 ww.) – avtorebi) TaTar]Ta. aq Cemi guaris
59 miqael panaretosi, àmbavi trapizonis mefeebis~, 206-207. Sdr. miqel panaretosi,
`trapizonis qronika~, 41-42.
60 darejan kldiaSvili, sinas wm. ekaterines monastris qarTvelTa eklesiis sul-
Ta matiane, qarTuli samonastro sulTa matianeebi, I (Tbilisi, 2008), 61, 163. `s(u)
lsa aTabagsa abuRas S(eundo)s R(merTma)n~ (qaragmis gaxsna Cvenia – avtorebi).
ivane javaxiSvili, sinis mTis qarTul xelnawerTa aRweriloba (Tbilisi, 1947), 243.
61 somxur xelnawerTa XIV-XV saukuneebis anderZebis (hiSatakaranebis) cnobebi
saqarTvelos Sesaxeb, Zveli somxuridan Targmna, Sesavali, komentarebi da SeniSvnebi
daurTo aleqsandre abdalaZem (Tbilisi, 1978), 37.
260
kaci ocda cxra|[ni daÃocnes] da erTi ÃelTa dairCunes. d|[a aTabagsa
a]RbuRas TaTarni mouÃdes. erTi | .........Tavadi TaTari darCa ÃelTa
da is | [Cemi guaris] kaci imiTa daixsna didma aRb|[uRa. gauS]ua da imave
mkuidrsa mamulzeda | [movida. da qarT]velni erTob daRonebulni
| [iyunes. wavida giorgi] mefe da aRbuRas Seexuewa. | ............gamoarCives
erTi uSvilo ka|[ci. uTxres: `me]fe ÃelTa SevipyraT da qarTli | [Cuen
dagur]Cebiso~. Wukas guaris kacman Cemsa | [guaris kacsa ga]ando. iman
mefesa ar daumala. | [uTxra mefes]a: dasturad guiRalatebeno. | [Rames,
r]omelsa uRalatebdes, mefis sageb|[elSi is Cu]eni guaris kaci dawva da
mefe w|[avida. mivides da Cemi gu]aris kaci dairCunes da mwoved dako|[des
da sikudil]sa ulamodes da, rogorac es | [icnes, rome z]evdginiZe ariso,
aRar mokles~.62
8. beri egnataSvilis mier XVIII saukunis I meoTxedSi Sedgenili
àxali qarTlis cxovreba~, igive, àxali qarTlis cxovrebis~ pirveli
teqsti: `maSin (Temurlengis 1403 wlis laSqrobis dros – avtorebi)
aTabagman, aRbuRas Svilman ivane, aRiRo manca ZRueni turfa da mivida
lang-Temursa Tana~.63
9. anonimi avtoris mier XVIII saukunis SuaxanebSi Sedgenili `qarTlis
cxovrebis~ gadamuSavebuli gagrZeleba, anu àxali qarTlis cxovrebis~
meore teqsti: `kualad (Temurlengis 1403 wlis laSqrobis dros
– avtorebi) warvida aRbuRas Ze aTabagi ivane, da mivida igica ZRuniTa
mravliTa lang-Temurisa Tana, da Seiwyala igica, da sca pativi, da ubo-
Za saboZvari mravali~.64
citirebuli Zeglebis garda, aRbuRa I moxseniebulia XIV-XVI saukuneebis
ramdenime sparsuli da sparsulenovani werilobiTi Zeglis
teqstSic. es Zeglebia: a) nizam ad-din Samis `zafar-name~ (`gamarjvebis
wigni~) (1401/1402-1404 ww.); b) muin ad-din naTanzis `monTaxab aTTavarixe
moin~ (`moin [ad-din naTanzis] rCeuli istoriaTagani~), igive
ìsqanderis anonimi~ (1414 w.); g) Seref ad-din ali iezdis `zafar-name~
62 niko berZeniSvili, `feodaluri urTierTobebidan XV saukuneSi (dokumentebi
kritikuli weriliT)~, masalebi saqarTvelosa da kavkasiis istoriisaTvis, I (tfilisi,
1937), 39, 63. Sdr. pirTa anotirebuli leqsikoni, XI-XVII saukuneebis qarTuli
istoriuli sabuTebis mixedviT, gamosacemad moamzades darejan kldiaSvilma,
mzia surgulaZem, II (Tbilisi, 1993), 224.
63 beri egnataSvili, àxali qarTlis cxovreba, pirveli teqsti~, qarTlis cxovreba,
teqsti dadgenili yvela ZiriTadi xelnaweris mixedviT simon yauxCiSvilis
mier, II (Tbilisi, 1959), 335-336.
64 àxali qarTlis cxovreba, meore teqsti~, qarTlis cxovreba, teqsti dadgenili
yvela ZiriTadi xelnaweris mixedviT simon yauxCiSvilis mier, II (Tbilisi, 1959),
468.
261
(`gamarjvebis wigni~) (1424 w.); d) Sixab ad-din abdalah ibn lutfulah
al-xafis, igive hafez-e abrus `zobdaT aT-Tavarix~ (`matianeTa naRebi~),
igive `majma aT-Tavarix~ (`matianeTa krebuli~), (1423-1430/1431 ww.)
(?); e) fasih ahmed ben jalal ad-din muhamed xafis, igive fasihi xafis
`majmale fasihi~ (`fasihis konspeqti~) (1442 w-mde) (?); v) qamal ad-din
abd ar-rezay samaryandis `maTla as-saydein va majma al-bahrein~ (òri
bednieri mnaTobis aRmobrwyinebisa da ori zRvis Serwymis adgili~)
(1467/1468-1470/1471 ww.); z) mohamed ben havand-Sah ben muhamedis, igive,
mirxondis (gard. 1498 w.) `rouzaT as-safa~ (`siwmindis baRi~); da T) Rias
ad-din huseinis, igive xondemiris (gard. 1536 w.) `habib as-siiar~ (`cxovrebaTaRmwerlobis
megobari~).
samwuxarod, CamoTvlili sparsuli da sparsulenovani werilebi-
Ti Zeglebis Sesabamisi fragmentebi winamdebare naSromSi, rigi mizezebis
gamo, citirebuli ar gvaqvs (gamonakliss warmoadgens muin addin
naTanzis erTi cnoba, romelic qvemoT gveqneba motanili). Tumca
ki SevniSnavT, rom am ZeglebSi aRbuRa I sul sam konkretul ambavTan
dakavSirebiT aris moxseniebuli:
1. nizam ad-din Sami, muin ad-din naTanzi, Seref ad-din ali iezdi,
hafez-e abrus, fasihi xafi (?), abd ar-rezay samaryandi, mirxondi (?) da
xondemiri (?) mogviTxroben, rom 1386 wels, monRoli sardlis, maveranahris
emiris Temurlengis (1370-1405 ww.) mier saqarTvelos winaaRmdeg
mowyobili I laSqrobis dros, yarsidan Tbilisisaken momavalma
monRolTa laSqarma saSinel sicivesa da TovlSi gadaiara aRbuRas samflobelos
maRlobebi (àRbuRas mTianeTi~).65
2. muin ad-din naTanzi gvauwyebs, rom Temurlengis mier saqar-
Tve los winaaRmdeg mowyobili 1400 wlis laSqrobis dros monRoli
sardali Sida qarTlidan (dasavleT saqarTvelos sazRvrebidan) mtkvris
xeobas aRma auyva da samcxis samTavroSi (àRbuRas vilaieTSi~)
SeiWra.66 aTabagi aRbuRa, romelsac saqveynod ganTqmuli qurani cxeni
hyavda, erT miuval cixeSi (àRbuRas cixeSi~) Sevida da iq gamagrda:
`cnobili iyo, rom aRbuRas samefo sajinibos Sesaferisi cxeni hyolia
65 karlo tabataZe, àxali qarTlis cxovrebis~ zogi cnobis warmomavlobisa da
sandoobis Sesaxeb~, qarTuli wyaroTmcodneoba, III (1971), 209-210; karlo tabataZe,
qarTveli xalxis brZola ucxoel dampyrobTa winaaRmdeg XIV-XV saukuneebis mijnaze
(Tbilisi, 1974), 62-63; daviT kacitaZe, saqarTvelo XIV-XV saukuneTa mijnaze
(sparsuli da sparsulenovani wyaroebis mixedviT) (Tbilisi, 1975), 130, 136.
66 karlo tabataZis mixedviT, es iyo Temurlengis VI laSqroba saqarTveloSi, devi
kacitaZis mixedviT ki – IV laSqroba. tabataZe, qarTveli xalxis brZola ucxoel
dampyrobTa winaaRmdeg, 113-150; kacitaZe, saqarTvelo XIV-XV saukuneTa mijnaze,
144-149, 172-173, 175.

262
da Tu mis cixes ar aiRebdnen, im cxenis xelTgdeba SeuZlebeli iyo~.67
Temurlengma, romelsac Zlier undoda aRbuRas cxenis xelSi Cagdeba,
cixes alya Semoartya da masze ieriSis mitana brZana. ga afTrebuli br-
Zolebis Semdeg aRbuRam monRolebTan dazaveba scada, winaaRmdegoba
Sewyvita, Temurlengs piradad eaxla da ZRvnad, Tavisi cxeni mihgvara.
monRolma sardalma saCuqari miiRo, aRbuRas Secodeba (`sisxli~) apatia
da aRar dasaja: àRbuRas rom ilaji miuwyda da uvicobis fexi
wamokra gaWirvebis qvas, is devbuneba, feriis naSobi qarisfexa bedauri
Temurs mihgvara da TviTonac zariTa da vedrebiT warudga win. xolo
raki Temuris survili misi cixis garemocvis dros iyo am quranis xelSi
Cagdeba, amitom aRbuRas sisxli apatia da ara avno ra~.68
3. Seref ad-din ali iezdi, hafez-e abru (?), mirxondi da xondemiri
gadmogvcemen, rom Temurlengis mier saqarTvelos winaaRmdeg mowyobili
1403 wlis laSqrobis dros, kolaSi dabanakebul monRol sardals
samxedro banakSi eaxlnen saqarTvelos mefis giorgi VII-s Zma, batoniSvili
konstantine da aTabagi ivane, romelic aRbuRas Svili iyo.69
rogorc vxedavT, Cvenamde moRweuli qarTuli da ucxouri werilobiTi
Zeglebi ramdenime saintereso cnobas gvawvdian aTabag-amirspasalar
aRbuRa I-is Sesaxeb. aRniSnuli cnobebiT jer kidev XX saukunis
dasawyisSi dainteresda sargis kakabaZe da zemoT citirebuli
werilobiTi Zeglebis erT nawilze, ufro zustad ki, `beqa-aRbuRas
samarTlis wignze~, miqel panaretosis `trapizonis qronikasa~ da
67 daviT kacitaZe, ìsqanderis anonimis~ cnobebi saqarTvelos Sesaxeb~, Tbilisis
saxelmwifo universitetis Sromebi, 116, aRmosavleTmcodneobis seria, V (Tbilisi,
1965), 377.
68 tabataZe, qarTveli xalxis brZola ucxoel dampyrobTa winaaRmdeg, 31, 142-143,
187-188. Sdr. tabataZe, àxali qarTlis cxovrebis~ zogi cnobis warmomavlobisa
da sandoobis Sesaxeb~, 209-210; kacitaZe, saqarTvelo XIV-XV saukuneTa mijnaze,
144-149. sxvaTa Soris, muin ad-din naTanzis am bolo cnobis interpretaciam didi
dava gamoiwvia qarTul istoriografiaSi. kerZod, karlo tabataZe fiqrobs, rom
aq saubaria Temurlengis mier aRbuRas datyvevebaze, devi (daviT) kacitaZes ki miaCnia,
rom aq gadmocemulia aRbuRas mier TemurlengisaTvis morCilebis gamocxadebis
ambavi. tabataZe, àxali qarTlis cxov rebis~ zogi cnobis warmomavlobisa da
sandoobis Sesaxeb~, 220; tabataZe, qarTveli xalxis brZola ucxoel dampyrobTa
winaaRmdeg, 160-179, 188, 194-200; daviT kacitaZe, èpizodi XV saukunis dasawyisis
saqarTvelos istoriidan~, ciskari, 12 (1972), 124.
69 tabataZe, qarTveli xalxis brZola ucxoel dampyrobTa winaaRmdeg, 166, 179-
200; kacitaZe, saqarTvelo XIV-XV saukuneTa mijnaze, 123, 130, 153, 199-201. karlo
tabataZis mixedviT, es iyo Temurlengis bolo, VIII laSqroba saqarTveloSi, devi
kacitaZis mixedviT ki – agreTve, bolo, oRond, VI laSqroba. tabataZe, qarTveli
xalxis brZola ucxoel dampyrobTa winaaRmdeg, 160-179; kacitaZe, saqarTvelo XIVXV
saukuneTa mijnaze, 153-160, 174-175.
263
Seref ad-din ali iezdis `zafar-nameze~ dayrdnobiT, daadgina, rom
aRbuRa I jayeli XIV saukunis II naxevarSi moRvaweobda da 1386 wels
jer kidev cocxali iyo: `beqa-aRbuRas samarTlis wignis~ SesavalSi
àRbuRa aTabagi swers: `patronisa papis Cemisagan ganaCeni (dasaurvebeli)
yazanuri TeTri iyo da ama JamTa Sigan yazanuroba moklebul iyo
da didis warCinebulis mefis giorgis Jamisa TeTri gavaCineT, oriani
xuTi dangi wminda vercxli~. yazani iyo mongolebis yaeni sparseTSi
da mokvda 1304 w. beqas dasaurveblad am yazanyaenis, misi Tanamedrovis
mier moWrili fuli gauCenia, magram aRbuRas dros es fuli ukve
`moklebuli iyo~ da mas `didis warCinebulis mefis giorgis Jamisa Te-
Tri~ daudgenia. es giorgi unda iyos giorgi brwyinvale, romelic vaxuStiT
gardaicvala 1346 w., xolo Cemi qronologiiT 1338 wels. aRbuRa
da giorgi brwyinvale biZaSvilebi iyvnen (giorgi mefe dediT agreTve
SviliSvili iyo beqasi) da erTmaneTzed axlo dros cxovrobdnen. am
moxsenebul sityvebidan sagulisxmoa, rom aRbuRas samarTlis daweris

dros giorgi brwyinvale ukve cocxali ar unda yofiliyo (`mefis
giorgis Jamisa TeTri gavaCineTo~) da marTlac, aRbuRas giorgi
brwyinvalis sikvdilis Semdegac ucxovria. sparseli istorikosi
Serifaddini mas cocxlad ixseniebs Temurlengis saqarTveloSi Semosevis
dros 1386 w. 1402 wels ki igive istorikosi ixseniebs aRbuRas
Svils ivanes, maSasadame, aRbuRa am dros ukve mkvdari yofila. aRbu-
Ra moxseniebulia kidev mix. fanaretis trapezontis qronikaSi. 1376
wels momkvdari andronike, Ze imperatoris aleqsi III-isa (1349-1390)
daniSnuli yofila tfilisis mefis daviTis asulze, gulqanxaTunze,
romelic qronikis mixedviT iyo diswuli aRbuRasi. rogorc konteqstidan
Cans, aRbuRa am dros (1376 w.) cocxali yofila. amgvarad... aRbuRa...
mjdara aTabagad me-XIV saukunis meore naxevarSi da cocxali
yofila 1386 wels~.70
garda amisa, sargis kakabaZem, `beqa-aRbuRas samarTlis wignze~, miqel
panaretosis `trapizonis qronikaze~, Seref ad-din ali iezdis `zafarnameze~,
ierusalimis jvris qarTvelTa monastris saaRape wignze71 da
70 sargis kakabaZe, sjulmdebelTa beqas da aRbuRas vinaoba (tfilisi, 1912), 6-7.
71 aq sargis kakabaZes mxedvelobaSi aqvs ierusalimis jvris qarTvelTa monastris
saaRape wignis ara zemoT motanili 153 aRapi, aramed ori sxva, 154 da 223
aRapebi, romelTagan pirveli aRapis teqstSi moxseniebulia sargisis vaJi, SaSia
artanujeli, xolo meore aRapis teqstSi – aTabag ivanes da, dedofali naTia-yofili
nisime: 154. `[Tuesa ianvarsa À (8)]. am(a)sve dR(e)sa wirvaÁ da aR(a)pi sargisis
Svilisa SaSiasi artanuj(e)lisa, Seundven RmerTman~; 223. `[Tuesa maissa e (5)].
amasve dResa aRÁpi aTab(a)gisa i~vanes disa dedoflisa naTia-yofilisa nisimesi,
Seundven RmerTman. gauCineT wmidisa irines dRR(e)s(a)swaulsa (!) wirva da aRapi,
264
caiSis taZris omoforis warweraze72 dayrdnobiT, gamoTqva mosazreba,
rom mandaturTuxuces beqas gardacvalebis Semdeg samcxis samTavros
erTdroulad jer beqas Svilebi: sargisi, yvaryvare da Salva, xolo, Semdeg

– beqas SviliSvilebi: SaSia sargisis Ze, ivane yvaryvares Ze da aRbuRa
Salvas Ze marTavdnen.73
yovelive aRniSnulidan gamomdinare, XIV saukuneSi moRvawe samcxis
mTavarTa sargis kakabaZis mier Sedgenili genealogiur-qronologiuri
sqema SegviZlia warmovadginoT Semdegi saxiT:
1-3. sargis, ufrosi Ze mandaturTuxuces beqasi;
1-3. amirspasalari da samcxis spasalari yvaryvare, SuaTana Ze mandaturTuxuces
beqasi;
1-3. aTabagi Salva, umcrosi Ze mandaturTuxuces beqasi;
4-6. artanujeli SaSia, Ze sargisisa;
4-6. aTabagi ivane, Ze amirspasalaris da samcxis spasalaris yvaryvaresi;
4-6. aTabag-amirspasalari aRbuRa (XIV s-is II nax.), Ze aTabag Salvasi.
aTabag-amirspasalar aRbuRa I-is zeobis sargis kakabaZis mier
dadgenili qronologia (XIV s-is II nax.) qarTvel mkvlevarTa erTma
nawilma upirobod gaiziara,74 Tumca, mkvlevarTa meore nawilma scada,
kidev ufro daezustebina es sakmaod vrceli qronologiuri monakveTi
da am mizniT, ZiriTadad daeyrdno vaxuSti bagrationis fundamentur
naSroms àRwera samefosa saqarTvelosa~ da missave `qronologiuri
cxrils~, sadac XIV saukunis samcxis mTavrebis Tanamimdevroba da maTi
zeobis wlebi sistemuri saxiT aris warmodgenili.
àRwera samefosa saqarTvelosa~-s I fragmenti: `maSin ica Jami brwyinvaleman
giorgi mefemanca (saqarTvelos mefe giorgi V brwyinvalem
– avtorebi) da ganasxna TaTarni saqarTvelosagan, romelnime
gonierebiTa, romelnime brZoliTa da ZlierebiTa da mospna yovelni
da raca waigos m(a)s dRis(a)Á misT(Â)s, Seundven RmerTman~. metreveli, masalebi
ierusalimis qarTuli koloniis istoriisaTvis, 93, 99. Sdr. kakabaZe, sjulmdebelTa
beqas da aRbuRas vinaoba, 5; aRapni juaris monastrisani ierusalimsa Sina,
qarTuli dedani 16 paleografiuli suraTiTurT gamosca niko marma (sankt-peterburgi,
1914), 39, 57.
72 aq avtors mxedvelobaSi aqvs omoforis warweris Tedo Jordanias mier gamoqveynebuli

teqsti, romelic zemoT ukve gvqonda motanili.
73 iqve, 3-6. Sdr. sargis kakabaZe, `zarzmis mxatvrobis istoriul pirebis vinaobis
Sesaxeb~, saistorio moambe, I (tfilisi, 1925), 240-242.
74 javaxiSvili, `qarTuli samarTlis istoria~, I, 105-106; berZeniSvili, `feodaluri
urTierTobebidan XV saukuneSi~, 5, 63; doliZe, Zveli qarTuli samarTali, 39-41;
miqel panaretosi, `trapizonis qronika~, 83-84; metreveli, masalebi ierusalimis
qarTuli koloniis istoriisaTvis, 156-157; da sxv.
265
sazRvarTagan TÂsTa. merme moiyvanna yovelni amis qveyanis erisTavni
da warCinebulni, reca darbazobad civsa zeda hereTisasa da moswyÂdna
mun urCni TÂsisa mefobisani da daadginna yovelTa adgilTa warvlinebulni
erisTavni TÂsni morCilebisani da daipyrna amiT umetes yovelni.
maSin miuboZa sargis jayelsa (mandaturTuxuces beqa I-is ufros vaJs
– avtorebi) aTabagoba da amirspasalaroba75... merme STavida odiSs, munidam
afxazeTs... ukmoiqca, Semovlo guria... da movida samcxes. aramed
samcxes yofasa Sina mefisasa mokuda aTabagi sargis q(rist)es (aqaT)sa
C~tld (1334 w.), qarTulsa k~b (22+1312=1434 w.). xolo mefeman miuboZa
Zesave missa yuaryuares aTabagoba da dasxna erisTavni TÂsni klarjeTs,
spers, kalmaxs, artanujs da samcxes artanisa da wunisa da am
saerisToTgan romelime miuboZa biZaTa da biZis ZeTa yuaryuare aTabagisaTa
da iyvnen eseni morCilebasa aTabagisasa... xolo Semdgomad mefis
giorgisa dajda Ze misi daviT (daviT IX – avtorebi) mefed... kualad
amav daviT mefis nebiTa SeirTo bagrat erisTavman miqel mefis Zeman
asuli yuaryuare aTabagisa... gamefda Semdgomad daviT mefisa Ze misi
bagrat (bagrat V – avtorebi)... amasve welsa (igulisxmeba bagrat V-is
gamefebis meore weli, anu, vaxuSti bagrationis qronologiiT, 1361
weli – avtorebi) mokuda aTabagi yuaryuare da miuboZa aTabagoba mefeman
bagrat Zesa missa beqas, romeli iyo pirvel mandaturT-uxucesi...
aramed Temur (Temurlengma – avtorebi) daipyra ra sruliad sparseTi,

da warmoemarTa Cuen kerZod da Semovida somxiTs, mosrna, moswyÂdna,
Semusrna simagreni da mostyuevnna. merme noenbersa Sina moadga kars,
Semusra igica da daadgra mun zamTarsa mas, rameTu iyo mksinvareba
Zlieri da Tovli did-friad... aramed aTabagman beqam ixila ra Zliereba
Temurisa, SeuSinda, uar-hyo mefe TÂsi da mivida Temuris winaSe; xolo
man pativiTa Seiwynara, moscna niWni da ganuteva, raTa arRara mierTnen
mesxni bagrat mefesa. amisi msmeneli mefe damZimda friad... ganamagra da
ganamtkica tfilisi da ganavsna spiTa da daadgra maT Sina. esma lang-
Temurs mefisagan magreba da brZolisa mzadeba, gamZÂnda da warmoemar-
Ta gazafxuls... movida da moadga tfiliss... Semdgomad moadgnen cixesa
da... gamoiyvanes mefe bagrat dedofaliT TÂsiT annaTi q(rist)es (aqaTs)
75 vaxuSti bagrationis TxzulebaSi giorgi V-is mier sargis beqas ZisaTvis aTabag-
amirspasalarobis boZebis Semdeg gadmocemulia ori ambavi: 1. mefis mier ranisa
da Sarvanis dalaSqvra; da 2. giorgi V-is dasavleT saqarTveloSi gadasvla
da imereTis SemoerTeba. es bolo ambavi swavlul batoniSvils 1330 wliT aqvs
daTariRebuli:`q(oronikon)sa C~tl (1330 w.), qarTulsa i~À (18+1312=1330 w.)~. vaxuSti
batoniSvili, aRwera samefosa saqarTvelosa, 256-257. Sesabamisad, irkveva,
rom vaxuSti bagrationi sargis beqas Zis mier aTabag-amirspasalarobis miRebis
faqts 1330 wlis winare xanebiT aTariRebda.
266
a C~tpz (1387 w.), qarTulsa o~e (75+1312=1387 w.). xolo Temur tyuehyvna
mefe da dedofali... xolo Ze mefis bagratisa giorgi (SemdgomSi,
mefe giorgi VII – avtorebi) damZimda friad sminebiTa esreTiTa, warmovida
imereTidam da movida qarTls... Semoikribna spani, raTa mivides
da Semoimtkicos kualad aTabagi beqa... Semdgomad mokuda aTabagi beqa
q(rist)es (aqaTs)a C~tJa (1391 w.), qarTulsa o~T (79+1312=1391 w.) da
nebiTa mefis Zis giorgisaTa dajda aTabagad Ze beqasi iovane~ (qaragmis
gaxsna Cvenia – avtorebi).76
àRwera samefosa saqarTvelosa~-s II fragmenti: èsreT rameTu

mok uda sargis jayeli, Ze beqasi, q(oronikons)a C~tld (1334 w.), qar. k~b
(22+1312=1334 w.) da dasua brwyinvaleman mefeman giorgim yuaryuare
Ze sar gisisa, mokuda ese yvaryvare q(oronikons)a C~tÁa (1361 w.), qar.
m~T (49+1312=1361 w.), dasua Ze yuaryuaresi didman mefeman bagrat beqa,
mokuda ese beqa q(oronikons)a C~tJa (1391 w.), qar. o~T (79+1312=1391
w.), da dasua iovane, Ze beqasi, didis bagratis Zeman giorgim. mokuda
ese iovane q(oronikons)a C~umd (1444 w.), qar. r~lb (132+1312=1444 w.)...~
(qaragmis gaxsna Cvenia – avtorebi).77
`qronologiuri cxrili~: `q(oroni)k(o)nebi Cven m(ie)r povnilni
wignebTa S(in)a... q(riste)s aqaTi q(oroni)k(o)ni 1334, qarTuli q(oroni)
k(o)ni k~b (22+1312=1334 w.). mokuda aTabagi sargis, dasva giorgi m(e)
f(ema)n aTabagad Ze misi yvaryvare... q(riste)s aqaTi q(oroni)k(o)ni 1361,
qarTuli q(oroni)k(o)ni m~T (49+1312=1361 w.)... k(uala)d mokuda aTabagi
yvaryvare, bagrat m(e)f(ema)n dasva Ze misi beqa... q(riste)s aqaTi q(oroni)
k(o)ni 1391, qarTuli q(oroni)k(o)ni o~T (79+1312=1391 w.). mokuda aTabagi
beqa. da dajda nebiTa giorgisaTa aTabagad Ze misi iovane... q(riste)s
aqaTi q(oroni)k(o)ni 1444, qarTuli q(oroni)k(o)ni r~lb (132+1312=1344
w.). da mokuda iovane aTabagi...~ (qaragmis gaxsna Cvenia – avtorebi).78
citirebul fragmentebze dayrdnobiT, vaxuSti bagrationis mier
SemoTavazebuli genealogiur-qronologiuri sqema SegviZlia Semdegi
saxiT davadginoT:
1. aTabag-amirspasalari (1330 w-is winare xanebi – 1334 w.) sargis, Ze
samcxis mTavris beqasi;
2. aTabagi yvaryvare (1334-1361 ww.), Ze aTabag-amirspasalaris sargisisa;
3. aTabagi beqa (1361-1391 ww.), Ze aTabag yvaryvaresi;
76 vaxuSti batoniSvili, aRwera samefosa saqarTvelosa, 256, 258, 260-265.
77 iqve, 702.
78 iqve, 895-896.
267
4. aTabagi ivane (1391-1444 ww.), Ze aTabag beqasi.79
rogorc vxedavT, vaxuSti bagrationi aTabag-amirspasalar aRbuRa
I-is arsebobis faqts saerTod ar icnobs, ris gamoc mas XIV saukuneSi
moRvawe samcxis mTavrebis Tanamimdevroba da maTi zeobis wlebi iseTi
saxiT aqvs dadgenili, rom am sqemaSi aRbuRa I-isaTvis adgili, ubralod,
aRar rCeba. aRniSnuli xarvezis daZlevis mizniT, mkvlevrebma gadawyvites,
erTmaneTTan SeejerebinaT swavluli batoniSvilis genealogiur-
qronologiuri monacemebi da sxva weri lobiTi Zeglebis cnobebi
XIV saukunis samcxis mTavrebis Sesaxeb, am gziT daezustebinaT aRbuRa
I-is aTabag-amirspasalarobis wlebi, sabolood ki, sargis kakabaZis mier
gamovlenili am naklebad cnobili istoriuli piris saxeli aRedginaT
samcxis mTavarTa qronologiur rigSi.
aRniSnuli mimarTulebiT pirveli nabiji pavle ingoroyvam gadadga
da vaxuSti bagrationis sqemaSi arsebiTi xasiaTis cvli le bebi
Seitana. mkvlevarma am sqemidan, saerTod amoiRo mandaturTuxuces
beqa II-is, rogorc ararsebuli istoriuli piris saxeli da mis nacvlad,
Sesabamis qronologiur monakveTSi (1361-1391 ww.), ori sxva istoriuli
piris saxeli aRadgina. eseni arian: 1. lixauris monastris macxovris xatis
warweraSi aTabagad da samcxis spasalarad moxseniebuli Salva, mandaturTuxuces
beqa I-is Ze, romelic, pavle ingoroyvas azriT, mogvianebiT,
aTabag-amirspasalaris saxelosac flobda;80 da 2. sargis kaka-
79 vaxuSti bagrationis es sqema, praqtikulad, ucvleli saxiT aris gameorebuli
viqtor guCuasa da SoTa lomsaZis mier Sedgenil saenciklopedio statiebSi, romlebic,
Tavis mxriv, `qarTul sabWoTa enciklopediaSia~ dabeWdili: 1. aTabagi, amirspasalari
da samcxis spasalari, sargis II (gard. 1334 w.), Ze mandaturTuxuces beqa
I-isa; 2. aTabagi (1334-1361 ww.) yvaryvare I, Ze aTabagis, amirspasalarisa da samcxis
spasalaris sargis II-isa; 3. aTabagi (1361-1391 ww.) beqa II, Ze aTabag yvaryvare I-isa; 4.
aTabagi (1391-1444 ww.) ivane II, Ze aTabag beqa II-isa. viqtor guCua, `beqa II~, qarTuli
sabWoTa enciklopedia, 2 (Tbilisi, 1977), 346; SoTa lomsaZe, ìvane II~, qarTuli sab-
WoTa enciklopedia, 5 (Tbilisi, 1980), 89; viqtor guCua, `sargis II~, qarTuli sabWoTa
enciklopedia, 9 (Tbilisi, 1985), 102; viqtor guCua, `yvaryvare I~, qarTuli sabWoTa
enciklopedia, 10 (Tbilisi, 1986), 638. aRniSnul saenciklopedio statiebze dayrdnobiT,
vaxuSti bagrationis sqema ucvleli saxiT gvaqvs Setanili Cvens erT-erT,
2006 wels gamoqveynebul naSromSic. Temo jojua, àrtanujeli piligrimis giorgi
lomas-Zis savedrebeli (XV s.) ierusalimSi gadatanili 1160 wlis garejuli krebulis
(Ven.4-is) arSiebidan~, qarTuli wyaroTmcodneoba, XI (2006), 125-126.
80 aq avtors mxedvelobaSi aqvs lixauris monasterSi daculi macxovris ficris
xati, romlis vercxliT moWedil zurgze dimitri baqraZem Semdegi warwera amoikiTxa:
`w. zesTa: arsTasa: arsisa: RmrTisa: mmisa: Tanarso: Rmro: Zo: ieso: Cn-
Tis: Cendamde: damdblebiT: kcqmnilo: ondoTa: mwisa: nivTTaiT: gimkob: saxesa:
wmdisa: xatisa: Senisa: saswaulTagn: saSinelsa: Zvisa: da: nCisa: mosavi: Sen: damn:..
li..w..lobaTa: Seni: Ze: didisa: sa...Txcesisa: bqisa: aTbg: da smcxisas...slri: Slva:
raiTa: mcresa: ncvlne: aqsa: amas: nWni: wyalobaTa: SenTani: da: mermesa: mas:
268
baZis mier gamovlenili aTabag-amirspasalari aRbuRa.81 amasTan, pavle
ingoroyvam, raime argumentaciis gareSe, gamoTqva mosazreba, rom Salva
beqas Ze aTabag-amirspasalaris wodebas 1370 wlamde atarebda, xolo
amave 1370 wlidan aTabag-amirspasalarobas ukve aRbuRa flobda:
1. mandaturTuxucesi sargis II (1309-1334 ww.), ufrosi Ze mandatur-
Tuxuces beqa I-isa;
2. samcxis spasalari (1309-1330/1335 ww.) da amirspasalari (1330/1335-
1361 ww.) yvaryvare II, SuaTana Ze mandaturTuxuces beqa I-isa;
3. aTabagi da samcxis spasalari (1330/1335-1361 ww.), aTabag-amirspasalari
(1361-1370 ww.) Salva, umcrosi Ze mandaturTuxuces beqa I-isa;
4. aTabag-amirspasalari aRbuRa (1370-1391 ww.);
5. aTabag-amirspasalari ivane II (1391-1444 ww.).82
ziarmyo: marjvniT: Sensa: mdgomareTa: Tana: “Небесных существ Существа Бога-
Отца Единосущному Богу-Сыну Иисусу, смирившему себя за нас принятием плоти, из

скудных
вещей украсил святаго лика Твоего страшный чудесами образ........ уповающий на Тебя.....
уделом
твоим сын великаго сахлт-ухуцеса Беки, атабег и спасалар Самцхе Шалва... прими малые
сии
дары милостей Твоих и в будущей жизни сопричисли меня к стоящим одесную Тебя!”
Димитрий
Бакрадзе, Археологическое путешествие по Гурии и Адчаре (Санкт-Петербург, 1878), 110-

111,
атласъ, с одной картой и с четырьмя чертежами, I, #4. pavle ingoroyva Salva beqas Zeze
saubrisas, lixauris xatis warweris garda, emyareboda kidev or werilobiT Zegls:
XIV saukunis anonimi qarTveli JamTaaRmwerlis e.w. àswlovan matianesa~ da ierusalimis
jvris qarTvelTa monastris saaRape wigns, agreTve, Wules monastris
freskul portrets (am werilobiT Zeglebsa da freskuli portretis ganmartebiT
warweraSi Salva mxolod saxeliT aris moxseniebuli). ingoroyva, `rusTvelianas
epilogi~, 586-587, 589-590, 592.
81 pavle ingoroyva aRbuRaze saubrisas emyareboda mxolod sam werilobiT Zegls:
`beqa-aRbuRas samarTlis wigns~, miqael panaretosis `trapizonis qronikasa~ da
ierusalimis jvris qarTvelTa monastris saaRape wigns. ingoroyva, `rusTvelianas
epilogi~, 586-587, 592.
82 pavle ingoroyva, `rusTvelianas epilogi~, TxzulebaTa krebuli, I (Tbilisi,
1963), 583, 585-592, 705-706, 765-766, 770-771. rogorc vxedavT, pavle ingoroyvam
zemoT aRniSnuli cvlilebebis garda, ramdenime sxva mniSvnelovani koreqtivic
Seitana vaxuSti bagrationis sqemaSi. man, magaliTad, gamoTqva mosazreba: rom
amirspasalari yvaryvare II iyo ara mandaturTuxuces sargis II-is, aramed mandatur-
Tuxuces beqa I-is vaJi (Sdr. sargis kakabaZis mier gamoTqmul analogiuri xasiaTis
mosazrebas); rom es yvaryvare II samcxis spasalaris Tanamdebobas flobda mamis gardacvalebis
Semdeg, 1309-1330/1335 wlebSi, xolo amirspasalarobas – 1330/1335-1361
wlebSi; rom, Salva, mandaturTuxuces beqas umcrosi vaJi, samcxis spasalarobas
da damatebiT, aTabagobasac, flobda Zmis, yvaryvare II-is mier amirspasalarobis
miRebis Semdeg, 1330/1335-1361 wlebSi, xolo aTabag-amirspasalarobas – yvaryvare
II-is gardacvalebis Semdeg, 1361-1370 wlebSi; da sxv. Cven qvemoT vnaxavT, rom vaxuSti
bagrationis sqemaSi, sargis kakabaZisa da pavle ingoroyvas msgavsad, araerTi
mniSvnelovani cvlileba aqvT Setanili sxva qarTvel da ucxoel mkvlevrebsac:
iuri sixaruliZes, kirile Tumanovs, mirian rexviaSvils, darejan kldiaSvilsa da
269
pavle ingoroyvas Semdeg gansaxilav sakiTxs iuri sixaruliZe
Seexo. mkvlevarma, agreTve, arsebiTi xasiaTis cvlilebebi Seitana
vaxuSti bagrationis sqemaSi. iuri sixaruliZem am sqemidan, pavle ingoroyvas
msgavsad, upirobod amoiRo mandaturTuxuces beqa II-is,
rogorc ararsebuli istoriuli piris saxeli da mis nacvlad, gansaxilav
qronologiur monakveTSi (1361-1391 ww.) samcxis ori sxva mTavris
saxeli aRadgina. eseni arian: 1. aTabag-amirspasalari yvaryvare II,
SuaTana Ze mandaturTuxuces beqa I-isa;83 da 2. sargis kakabaZis mier
gamovlenili aTabag-amirspasalari aRbuRa I, romelic mkvlevris azriT,
swored am yvaryvare II-is vaJi iyo.84 iuri sixaruliZis dakvirvebiT,
yvaryvare II aTabag-amirspasalarobas 1360-iani wlebis I naxevarSi
flobda, amave 1360-iani wlebidan 1380-iani wlebis miwurulamde ki aTabag-
amirspasalaris wodebas ukve misi vaJi, aRbuRa atarebda:
1. aTabagi (1320-1334 ww.) da samcxis spasalari sargis II, ufrosi Ze
mandaturTuxuces beqa I-isa;
2. aTabagi yvaryvare I (1334-1361 ww.), ufrosi Ze aTabagis da samcxis
spasalaris sargis II-isa;
3-4. aTabag-amirspasalari (1360-iani ww-s I nax.) yvaryvare II, SuaTana
Ze mandaturTuxuces beqa I-isa;
3-4. aTabagi da samcxis spasalari (?) Salva, umcrosi Ze mandatur-
Tuxuces beqa I-isa;
mixeil baxtaZes. samwuxarod, aRniSnuli cvlilebebis ganxilva Zalzed scildeba
Cveni winamdebare naSromis intersebis sferos. amitom, am cvlilebebis, koreqtivebisa
da dazustebebis Taobaze Cvens sxva naSromebSi gveqneba saubari.
83 iuri sixaruliZe yvaryvare beqas Zeze saubrisas emyareboda: anonimi qarTveli

JamTaaRmwerlis àswlovan matianes~, ierusalimis jvris qarTvelTa monastris
saaRape wignis 273 aRaps (`[Tuesa ivlissa k (20)]. am(a)sve dResa aRapi S(a)nSas Svilis
Sv(i)lisa aRbuRasi, Seundven RmerTman. da aRmsrulebelni amisni akurTxnes Rmer-
Tman. gauCina yÂaryu<a>r<e>s meoRl(e)m(a)n bur(e)na~ (metreveli, masalebi ierusalimis
qarTuli koloniis istoriisaTvis, 104), anCis macxovris xatis warwerasa
da aTabag-amirspasalar yvaryvares mier mcxeTisaTvis micemul 1363 wlis sabuTs
`sofel kordovSi~ mosaxle `maxaraZis~ Sewirvis Sesaxeb (sabuTi dReisaTvis dakargulia.
mis Sesaxeb Tedo Jordania aRniSnavs Semdegs: ès cnoba rusuls gujarTnusxaSi
ipoveba da TviT gujari ver aRmovaCine sin. kant. siglebSi~. qronikebi, II,
183, 185), agreTve, safaris, zarzmisa da Wules monastrebis freskuli portretebis
ganmartebiT warwerebs (yvaryvare II safarasa da WuleSi mxolod saxeliT aris
moxseniebuli, xolo zarzmaSi – amirspasalaris wodebiT: àmirspasalarÁ yuaryuara~).
sixaruliZe, `samcxis samTavros politikuri istoriidan~, 38, 46-49.
84 iuri sixaruliZe aRbuRa I-ze saubrisas emyareboda mxolod sam werilobiT
Zegls: `beqa-aRbuRas samarTlis wigns~, Seref ad-din ali iezdis `zafar-name~-s da
miqael panaretosis `trapizonis qronikas~. sixaruliZe, `samcxis samTavros politikuri
istoriidan~, 47, 49-51.
270
5. aTabag-amirspasalari (1360-iani ww. – 1380-iani ww-is dasasr.) aRbuRa
I, Ze aTabag-amirspasalar yvaryvare II-isa;
6. aTabagi ioane (1390-iani ww-is dasawy. – 1444 w.), Ze aTabag-amirspasalar
aRbuRa I-isa.85
srulebiT sapirispiro daskvnamde mivida kirile Tumanovi. man,
pavle ingoroyvasa da iuri sixaruliZisagan gansxvavebiT, sruli ndoba
gamoucxada vaxuSti bagrationis mier SemoTavazebul sqemas da
gamoTqva mosazreba, rom swavluli batoniSvilis mier naxsenebi mandaturTuxucesi
beqa II da sargis kakabaZis mier gamovlenili aTabagi
aRbuRa, realurad, erTi da igive piri iyo. garda amisa, kirile Tumanovma
savsebiT sarwmunod miiCnia vaxuSti bagrationis cnoba beqa IIis

zeobis 1361-1391 wlebiT daTariRebis Taobaze da zustad amave 1361-
1391 wlebiT gansazRvra beqa II-sTan gaigivebuli aRbuRa I-is aTabagobis
qronologiac:
1. aTabagi da amirspasalari (1318-1334 ww.) sargis II, ufrosi Ze mandaturTuxuces
beqa I-isa;
2. aTabagi (1334-1361 ww.) yvaryvare II, Ze aTabagis da amirspasalaris
sargis II-isa;
3. aTabagi (1361-1391 ww.) beqa II, igive aRbuRa, Ze aTabag yvaryvare IIisa;
4. aTabagi (1391-1444 ww.) ivane III, Ze aTabag beqa II-is, igive aRbuRasi.
86
kirile Tumanovis Semdeg gansaxilav sakiTxs, praqtikulad, erTdroulad
Seexnen mirian rexviaSvili da darejan kldiaSvili.
mirian rexviaSvilma sarwmunod ar miiCnia iuri sixaruliZisa da
kirile Tumanovis mier gamoTqmuli mosazrebebi da TiTqmis mTlianad
pavle ingoroyvas mier SemoTavazebul debulebebs daubrunda.87
mkvle varma vaxuSti bagrationis sqemidan upirobod amoiRo mandatur-
Tuxuces beqa II-is, rogorc ararsebuli istoriuli piris saxeli da mis
nacvlad, Sesabamis qronologiur monakveTSi (1361-1391 ww.) pavle ingoroyvas
mier dasaxelebuli ori sxva istoriuli piris saxeli aRadgina.
eseni arian: 1. lixauris macxovris xatis warweraSi aTabagad da sam-
85 sixaruliZe, `samcxis samTavros politikuri istoriidan~, 38-51.
86 Cyrille Toumanof, Manuel de Genealogie et de Chronologie pour l`histoire de la Caucasie Chretienne
(Armenie-Georgie-Albanie) (Roma, 1976), 205-206.
87 samwuxarod, mirian rexviaSvilis statiaSi gakvriTac ki ar aris naxsenebi pavle
ingoroyva da misi Sesabamisi naSromi. arada, mkvlevris mier gamoTqmuli mosazrebebis
erTi nawili swored pavle ingoroyvas mier SemoTavazebuli debulebebis
gameorebas warmoadgens.
271
cxis spasalarad moxseniebuli Salva, Ze mandaturTuxuces beqasi;88 da

2. CvenTvis saintereso aTabag-amirspasalari aRbuRa, romelsac, mirian
rexviaSvilis azriT, zesxevis wm. Tevdores eklesiis warweraSi CamoTvlili
hyavs Tavisi uSualo winaprebi: mama – Salva, papa (mamis mama) – beqa
I da didi papa (papis mama) – sargis I.89 garda amisa, mirian rexviaSvilma
yuradReba miaqcia im faqts, rom miqael panaretosis `trapizonis
qronikaSi~ aRbuRa 1374 wlis movlenebTan dakavSirebiT aris moxseniebuli,
aRniSnuli qronologiuri monacemi, rogorc Cans, aRbuRas zeobis
aTvlis wertilad aiRo (?) da sabolood, gamoTqva mosazreba, rom
Salva beqas Ze samcxis spasalarisa da aTabagis saxeloebs 1374 wlamde
flobda, amave 1374 wlidan ki aTabag-amirspasalaris wodebas ukve misi
vaJi, aRbuRa I atarebda:
1. samcxis spasalari da mandaturTuxucesi sargis II (1308-1334 ww.),
ufrosi Ze mandaturTuxuces beqa I-isa;
2. amirspasalari yvaryvare I (1334-1361 ww.), SuaTana Ze mandaturTuxuces
beqa I-isa;
3. samcxis spasalari da aTabagi Salva (1361-1374 ww.), umcrosi Ze
mandaturTuxuces beqa I-isa;
4. aTabag-amirspasalari aRbuRa I (1374-1391 ww.), Ze samcxis spasalaris
da aTabagis Salvasi.90
mirian rexviaSvilisagan sakmaod gansxvavebul daskvnamde mivida
darejan kldiaSvili. man detalurad Seiswavla gansaxilavi sakiTxi,
srulad gaiziara kirile Tumanovis mier gamoTqmuli mosazreba da
vaxuSti bagrationis mier naxsenebi mandaturTuxucesi beqa II da sargis
kakabaZis mier gamovlenili aTabag-amirspasalari aRbuRa, agreTve,
erTi da imave pirad miiCnia.91 rac Seexeba aRbuRa I-is zeobis qronolo-
88 mirian rexviaSvili Salva beqas Zeze saubrisas, lixauris xatis warweris garda,
emyareboda kidev oTx werilobiT Zegls: anonimi qarTveli JamTaaRmwerlis àswlovan
matianes~, ierusalimis jvris qarTvelTa monastris saaRape wigns, anCis
macxovris xatis warwerasa da zesxevis wm. Tevdores eklesiis warweras, agreTve,
Wulesa da safaris monastrebis freskul portretebs (am werilobiT Zeglebsa da

freskuli portretebis ganmartebiT warwerebSi Salva mxolod saxeliT aris moxseniebuli).
rexviaSvili, `Salva, samcxis spasalari da aTabagi~, 40-43.
89 mirian rexviaSvili aRbuRaze saubrisas emyareboda mxolod sam (?) werilobiT
Zegls: miqael panaretosis `trapizonis qronikas~, zesxevis wm. Tevdores eklesiis
warwerasa da savaraudod, `beqa-aRbuRas samarTlis wigns~. rexviaSvili, `Salva,
samcxis spasalari da aTabagi~, 41-43.
90 mirian rexviaSvili, `Salva, samcxis spasalari da aTabagi (1361-1374 ww.)~, Zeglis
megobari, 3 (1986), 40-43.
91 darejan kldiaSvili aRbuRaze saubrisas emyareboda ramdenime werilobiT
Zegls: `beqa-aRbuRas samarTlis wigns~, miqael panaretosis `trapizonis qronikas~,
272
gias, darejan kldiaSvilma, rogorc Cans, savsebiT misaRebad CaTvala
am sakiTxis Sesaxeb iuri sixaruliZis mier gamoTqmuli mosazreba da
aRbuRa I-is aTabag-amirspasalarobis qronologia, Tavadac, 1360-1380-
iani wlebiT gansazRvra:
1. samcxis spasalari (1293 w-is win. xan. – 1334 w.), mandaturTuxucesi
(1308-1334 ww.) da aTabagi (? – 1334 ww.) sargis II, ufrosi Ze manda turTuxu
ces beqa I-isa;
2. aTabagi (1334-1361 ww.) (?), amirspasalari (? – 1361 ww.) da samcxis
spasalari (1334 w. – ?) yvaryvare I, SuaTana Ze mandaturTuxuces beqa Iisa;
3. aTabag-amirspasalari aRbuRa I, igive beqa II (1360-1380-iani ww.), Ze
aTabagis, amirspasalaris da samcxis spasalaris yvaryvare I-isa;
4. aTabagi ioane (1391 w-dan), Ze aTabag-amirspasalaris aRbuRa I-is,
igive beqa II-isa.92
gansaxilav sakiTxs sul bolos mixeil baxtaZe Seexo. mkvlevarma
vaxuSti bagrationis sqemidan, pavle ingoroyvas, iuri sixaruliZisa da
mirian rexviaSvilis msgavsad, upirobod amoiRo mandaturTuxuces beqa
II-is, rogorc ararsebuli istoriuli piris saxeli, oRond, dasaxelebul
mkvlevarTagan gansxvavebiT, aRniSnul qronologiur monakveTSi

(1361-1391 ww.), beqa II-is nacvlad, aRadgina ara ori, aramed erTi istoriuli
piris, sargis kakabaZis mier gamovlenili aTabag-amirspasalaris
aRbuRa I-is saxeli.93 mkvlevris dakvirvebiT, es aRbuRa I swored vaxuSti
bagrationis mier SemoTavazebul qronologiur monakveTSi, anu
1361-1391 wlebSi flobda aTabag-amirspasalaris saxelos:
1. samcxis spasalari (1280-iani ww. – 1327 w.) da aTabag-amirspasalari
(1327-1334 ww.) sargis I, ufrosi Ze mandaturTuxuces beqa I-isa;
2. aTabag-amirspasalari (1334-1361 ww.) da samcxis spasalari (?)
zesxevis wm. Tevdores eklesiis warwerasa da zevdginisZis saCivris wigns, agreTve,
sparseli da sparsulenovani avtorebis: nizam ad-din Samis, Seref ad-din ali iezdis,
abd ar-rezay samaryandis, muin ad-din naTanzis, isqanderis anonimis, fasi-hi xafis,
mirxondisa da xondemiris cnobebs, ufro zustad ki, devi kacitaZis informacias am
cnobebis Sinaarsis Sesaxeb. kldiaSvili, jayelTa feodaluri sagvareulos istoriidan,
100-104, 134, 136, 139-140, 143-144. aqve, vsargeblobT SemTxveviT da madlobas
movaxsenebT darejan kldiaSvils, romelmac saSualeba mogvca, gavcnobodiT misi
sakandidato disertaciis saavtoro egzemplars.
92 kldiaSvili, jayelTa feodaluri sagvareulos istoriidan, 59, 68, 78-79, 100-
104, 131-152. Sdr. kldiaSvili, `xovles (zesxevis) warwerebi~, 70.
93 mixeil baxtaZe aRbuRaze saubrisas emyareboda mxolod sam werilobiT Zegls:
`beqa-aRbuRas samarTlis wigns~, miqael panaretosis `trapizonis qronikasa~ da
zesxevis wm. Tevdores eklesiis warweras. baxtaZe, jayelTa sagvareulos istoria,
46-47, 51-52.
273
yvaryvare I, ufrosi Ze samcxis spasalar da aTabag-amirspasalar sargis
II-isa;
3. aTabagi (?) da samcxis spasalari (?) Salva, umcrosi Ze mandatur-
Tuxuces beqa I-isa;94
4. aTabag-amirspasalari aRbuRa I (1374-1391 ww.), Ze aTabagis da samcxis
spasalaris Salvasi;
5. aTabagi ivane (1391-1344 ww.), Ze aTabag-amirspasalar aRbuRasi.95
rogorc vxedavT, zemoT ganxilul avtorebs aRbuRa I-is aTabagamirspasalarobis
sargis kakabaZis mier dadgenili qronologia (XIV
s-is II nax.) erTmaneTisagan sakmaod gansxvavebuli saxiT aqvT dazustebuli.
kerZod, pavle ingoroyvas aRbuRa I-is aTabag-amirspasalaroba
daTariRebuli aqvs 1370-1391 wlebiT, iuri sixaruliZesa da darejan
kldiaSvils – 1360-1380-iani wlebiT, kirile Tumanovsa da mixeil
baxtaZes – 1361-1391 wlebiT, xolo mirian rexviaSvils – 1374-1391
wlebiT.
am qronologiuri monacemebidan winamdebare naSromSi mxolod
94 samwuxarod, mixeil baxtaZis naSromSi Salva beqas Zis aTabagobisa da samcxis
spasalarobis qronologiasTan dakavSirebiT, garkveuli bundovaneba SeiniSneba, ris
gamoc mkvlevris mier am sakiTxis Taobaze gamoTqmuli mosazrebis reziumireba ver
SevZeliT. kerZod, mixeil baxtaZe erTgan aRniSnavs Semdegs: `XIV saukunis 30-90-ian
wlebSi moRvawe aTabagTa qronologia, Cveni azriT, SeiZleba Semdegi saxiT warmovadginoT:
1334 wels aTabagi gaxda sargis II-is Ze yvaryvare II, xolo misi gardacvalebis
Semdgom (pirobiTad 1361 wels) misi biZa, sargis II-is umcrosi Zma Salva. Salvas Semdeg
aTabagi am ukanasknelis Svili aRbuRa gaxda~. baxtaZe, jayelTa sagvareulos istoria,
44-56. rogorc vxedavT, mkvlevris am mosazrebis Tanaxmad, Salva beqas Zem aTabagoba
miiRo, pirobiTad, 1361 wels, xolo misma vaJma aRbuRam – kidev ufro mogvianebiT,
Salvas gardacvalebis Semdeg. aRniSnul sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT, sakmaod gansxvavebul
suraTs vawydebiT amave naSromis sxva adgilas, ufro zustad ki, XI-XV saukuneebSi
moRvawe jayelebis genealogiur cxrilSi, romelic naSroms boloSi aqvs darTuli.
am cxrilSi yvaryvare sargisis Zis samcxis mTavrobis qronologia gansazRvrulia
1334-1361 wlebiT, xolo aRbuRa Salvas Zis samcxis mTavrobis qronologia – 1361-
1391 wlebiT. rac Seexeba Tavad Salvas, genealogiur cxrilSi misi samcxis mTavrobis
qronologia miTiTebuli saerTod ar aris. baxtaZe, jayelTa sagvareulos istoria,
78. maSasadame, genealogiuri cxrilidan gamomdinareobs, rom yvaryvare sargisis Zis
gardacvalebis Semdeg, anu 1361 wels, samcxis mTavari, Sesabamisad ki, aTabagi, gaxda
aRbuRa Salvas Ze. es debuleba aSkara winaaRmdegobaSi modis zemoT citirebul fragmentTan,
sadac aRniSnulia, rom 1361 wels aTabagis saxelo, masTan erTad ki, samcxis
mTavroba, miiRo ara aRbuRa Salvas Zem, aramed Tavad Salvam. amrigad, safiqrebelia,
rom mixeil baxtaZis naSromis am nawilSi raRac mniSvnelovani uzustobaa gaparuli da
sanam mkvlevari Tavad ar daazustebs am bundovan adgils, manamde SeuZlebeli iqneba
imis Tqma, Tu, realurad, ra periodiT gansazRvravs igi Salva beqas Zis aTabagobisa da
samcxis spasalarobis qronologias.
95 baxtaZe, jayelTa sagvareulos istoria, 44-56, 78.
274
aRbuRa I-is mier aTabag-amirspasalaris saxelos miRebis TariRze gavamaxvilebT
yuradRebas. sakiTxis Seswavla aCvenebs, rom mkvlevarTa
mier SemoTavazebuli yvela TariRi, realurad, or werilobiT Zeglzea
damyarebuli. es Zeglebia: 1. vaxuSti bagrationis àRwera samefosa
saqarTvelosa~, sadac aRniSnulia, rom mandaturTuxucesma beqa II-m,
anu, mkvlevarTa erTi nawilis azriT, igive aTabag-amirspasalarma aRbuRa
I-ma (kirile Tumanovi, darejan kldiaSvili), xolo mkvlevarTa
meore nawilis azriT, ararsebulma istoriulma pirma, romelic swavluli
batoniSvilis TxzulebaSi, SecdomiT, aRbuRa I-is nacvlad aris
dasaxelebuli (pavle ingoroyva, iuri sixaruliZe, mirian rexviaSvili,
mixeil baxtaZe), aTabagis Tanamdeboba daikava 1361 wels; da 2. miqael
panaretosis `trapizonis qronika~, sadac 1374 wlis ambebTan dakav-
SirebiT, pirdapir aris moxseniebuli aRbuRas, rogorc saqarTvelos
mefis daviT IX-is asulisa da trapizonis momavali imperatoris manuil
III-is Tanamecxedris, dedofal gulqan-xaTunis, igive evdokias biZis
(dedis Zmis) saxeli.
am ori werilobiTi Zeglis safuZvelze, kirile Tumanovi da mixeil
baxtaZe aRbuRa I-is mier aTabag-amirspasalaris saxelos miRebas 1361
wliT aTariReben, iuri sixaruliZe da darejan kldiaSvili – 1360-iani
wlebiT, pavle ingoroyva – 1370 wliT, xolo mirian rexviaSvili – 1374
wliT.
Cven ver gaviziarebT verc erT am SemoTavazebul TariRs da sapirispirod
amisa, A-85-is kinklosuri minawerebis sabolood dadgenil
teqstebze dayrdnobiT, gamovTqvamT mosazrebas, rom aRbuRa I-s
amirspasalaris saxelo, masTan erTad ki, savaraudod, aTabagis wodebac,
miRebuli hqonda ara 1361, 1360-ian, 1370 an 1374 wlebSi, aramed gacilebiT
ufro adre, sul gvian, 1350-iani wlebis dasawyisisaTvis mainc.
amgvari daskvnisaken, pirvel rigSi, gvibiZgebs A-85-is II, 1356 wliT
daTariRebuli kinklosuri minaweri, sadac aRbuRa I swored amirspasalaris
wodebiT aris moxseniebuli. amgvari daskvnis sasargeblod
metyvelebs A-85-is I, 1352 wliT daTariRebuli kinklo suri minaweric,
sadac, marTalia, amirspasalaris saxeli pirdapir miTiTebuli ar aris,
magram, vfiqrobT, yovelgvar eWvgareSea, rom aqac aRbuRa I-ia nagulisxmevi.
sxvaTa Soris, is faqti, rom zemoT dasaxelebul mkvlevrebs aRbuRa
I-is mier aTabag-amirspasalarobis miRebis TariRi, mTlianobaSi, 1360-
1370-iani wlebiT hqondaT gansazRvruli, gasakviri sulac ar aris,
vinaidan maT xelT arsebuli mwiri werilobiTi masala am faqtis 1361
welze ufro adreuli periodiT daTariRebis saSualebas, ubralod, ar
iZ leoda. A-85-is kinklosuri monawerebis teqstebis sabolood dad ge-
275
nis Semdeg suraTi arsebiTad Seicvala, Sesabamisi wyaroTmcodneo biTi
baza ori axali werilobiTi ZegliT, 1352 da 1356 wlebiT daTariRebuli
kinklosuri minawerebiT gamdidrda, ris Sedegadac aRbuRa I-is mier
aTabag-amirspasalarobis miRebis TariRma avtomaturad Caiwia qvemoT,
1350-ian wlebSi da sabolood, gansaxilavi faqtis qronologia, daaxloebiT,
1350-iani wlebis dasawyisiT ganisazRvra.
mas Semdeg, rac A-85-is kinklosur minawerebze dayrdnobiT, Se-
Zlebisdagvarad davazusteT aRbuRa I-is mier aTabag-amirspasalaris
saxelos miRebis TariRi, aucileblad unda SevexoT kidev erT saintereso
sakiTxs, romelic aRbuRa I-is winamorbedi XIV saukunis samcxis

mTavrebis zeobis zeda qronologiuri zRvris dazustebasTan aris
dakavSirebuli.
zemoT ukve vnaxeT, rom dReisaTvis specialur literaturaSi
gamoTqmulia ramdenime gansxvavebuli mosazreba imis Taobaze, Tu,
saxeldobr, vin flobda aTabag-amirspasalaris, aTabagis an amirspasalaris
saxeloebs aRbuRa I-mde. mkvlevrebi gansaxilav periodSi
aRniSnul saxelmwifo Tanamdebobebze sul oTx pirs asaxeleben. eseni
arian:
1. sargis beqas Ze: aTabag-amirspasalari – 1327-1334 wlebi (mixeil
baxtaZe); aTabagi – 1320-1334 wlebi (iuri sixaruliZe); aTabagi – daudgeneli
droidan 1334 wlamde (darejan kldiaSvili);
2. yvaryvare beqas Ze: aTabag-amirspasalari – 1360-iani wlebis I
naxevari (iuri sixaruliZe); aTabagi – 1334-1361 (?) wlebi (darejan kldiaSvili);
amirspasalari – 1330/1335-1361 wlebi (pavle ingoroyva);
amirspasalari – 1334-1361 wlebi (mirian rexviaSvili); amirspasalari –
daudgeneli droidan 1361 wlamde (darejan kldiaSvili);
3. Salva beqas Ze: aTabag-amirspasalari – 1361-1370 wlebSi (pavle
ingoroyva); aTabagi – 1330/1335-1361 wlebi (pavle ingoroyva); aTabagi –
daudgeneli dro (iuri sixaruliZe, mixeil baxtaZe); aTabagi – 1361-1374
wlebi (mirian rexviaSvili);
4. yvaryvare sargisis Ze: aTabag-amirspasalari – 1334-1361 wlebi
(iuri sixaruliZe, mixeil baxtaZe).
Cven, am uaRresad rTuli da bundovani sakiTxis Sesaxeb sakuTari
mosazrebis gamoTqmisagan, jerjerobiT, Tavs SevikavebT. TumcaRa,
aqve xazgasmiT aRvniSnavT, rom erTi ram srulebiT cxadia: sargis,
yvaryvare da Salva beqas Zeebis, agreTve, yvaryvare sargisis Zis aTabag-
amirspasalarobis, aTabagobisa Tu amirspasalarobis qronologia
SeuZlebelia ganisaz Rvros 1350-iani wlebis dasawyisze ufro gviandeli
periodiT.
aRniSnuli mosazrebis gamoTqmisas Cven mTlianad vemyarebiT

276
A-85-is 1352 da 1356 wlebis kinklosuri minawerebis sabolood
dadgenil teqstebs, saidanac aSkarad Cans, rom 1350-iani wlebis dasawyisisaTvis
amirspasalaris saxelos, masTan erTad ki, savaraudod,
aTabagobas, ukve namdvilad aRbuRa I flobda.
amrigad, dgindeba, rom aTabag-amirspasalar aRbuRa I-is savaraudo
winamorbedi samcxis mTavrebis: sargis beqas Zis, yvaryvare beqas Zis,
Salva beqas Zisa da yvaryvare sargisis Zis aTabag-amirspasalarobis,
aTabagobisa Tu amirspasalarobis zeda qronologiuri zRvari ganisazRvreba
ara 1361 wliT, 1360-iani wlebiT, 1370 wliTa Tu 1374 wliT,
rogorc es aqamde iyo miRebuli samecniero literaturaSi, aramed
1350-iani wlebis dasawyisiT da Sesabamisad, xsenebul pirTa zeobis
qronologia, nebismieri daSvebis SemTxvevaSi, mTlianad eqceva XIV saukunis
I naxevris farglebSi.
Semdegi:
a) aRbuRa I-ma amirspasalaris saxelo, masTan erTad ki, savaraudod,
aTabagis Tanamdebobac, miiRo ara 1361 wels, 1360-ian wlebSi, 1370 welsa
Tu 1374 wels, rogorc amas pavle ingoroyva, iuri sixaruliZe, kirile
Tumanovi, mirian rexviaSvili, darejan kldiaSvili da mixeil baxtaZe
fiqrobdnen, aramed – gacilebiT ufro adre, daaxloebiT, 1350-iani
wlebis dasawyisSi;
b) aRbuRa I-is winamorbedi XIV saukunis samcxis mTavrebis: sargis
beqas Zis, yvaryvare beqas Zis, Salva beqas Zisa da yvaryvare sargisis
Zis aTabag-amirspasalarobis, aTabagobisa Tu amirspasalarobis
zeda qronologiuri zRvari ganisazRvreba ara 1361 wliT, 1360-iani
wlebiT, 1370 wliTa Tu 1374 wliT, rogorc amas pavle ingoroyva, iuri
sixaruliZe, kirile Tumanovi, mirian rexviaSvili, darejan kldiaSvili
da mixeil baxtaZe fiqrobdnen, aramed 1350-iani wlebis dasawyisiT

da Sesabamisad, xsenebul pirTa zeobis qronologia, nebismieri daSvebis
SemTxvevaSi, mTlianad eqceva XIV saukunis I naxevris farglebSi.
277
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1352 და 1356 წლების ორი კინკლოსური მინაწერი

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XIII

1352 da 1356 wlebis ori kinklosuri minaweri

ivane abuserisZis, patroni siTixaTunisa

da amirspasalar aRbuRas moxseniebiT

(teqstis dadgena, istoriul-wyaroTmcodneobiTi analizi)

Temo jojua, irma beriZe

xelnawerTa erovnuli centris qarTuli xelnaweri wignebis A koleq

ciaSi 85-e nomriT daculia sagaloblebis krebuli, igive A-85,

romlis pirveli, etratze Sesrulebuli nawili (1r-385v) 1233 wels

aris ga dawerili, xolo meore, qaRaldze Sesrulebuli da XVI saukuniT

daTariRebuli nawili (386r-488v), xelnawerze mogvianebiT aris mi kin-

A-85-Si sxvadasxva xasiaTis oTxmocdaCvidmeti teqstia warmodge

nili. aqedan, sawyisi oTxmocdaTormeti teqsti krebulis pirvel,

1 abuserisZe tbeli, Txzulebani, teqsti gamosacemad moamzades, gamokvleva,

leqsikoni da saZieblebi daurTes nargiza goguaZem, mixeil qavTariam da raul

Cagunavam (baTumi, 1998), 324-326, 335. xelnaweris aRweriloba gamoqveynebulia

meeqvsed – Tamar bregaZis mier; meSvided – nargiza goguaZis, mixeil qavTariasa

da raul Cagunavas mier; qronikebi da sxva masala saqarTvelos istoriisa da mwerlobisa,

qronologiurad dawyobili da axsnili Tedo Jordanias mier. II (tfilisi,

1897), 103-111; Описание рукописей Тифлисскаго Церковнаго Музея Карталино-

mSenebloba SuartyalSi da abuserisZeTa sagvareulo matiane, 1233 wlis

daurTo iuri sixaruliZem (baTumi, 1981), 18-20; qarTul xelnawerTa aRweriloba,

yofili saeklesio muzeumis (A) koleqciisa, tomi I1, Seadgines da dasabeWdad

moamzades Tamar bregaZem, mixeil qavTariam da lili quTaTelaZem, elene metrevelis

redaqciiT (Tbilisi, 1973), 282-297; abuserisZe tbeli, Txzulebani, 312-333.

222 Temo jojua, irma beriZe

etratze daweril nawils miekuTvneba, xolo bolo xuTi teqsti – xelnaweris

meore, qaRaldze Sesrulebul nawils.2

A-85-Si warmodgenili teqstebidan gansakuTrebul yuradRebas

ipyrobs XIII saukunis saxelovani qarTveli mwignobrisa da mecnieris

tbel abuserisZis mier Sedgenili originaluri xasiaTis sami Txzuleba:

1. himnografiuli kanoni `galobani samTa iovaneTa~ (`galobani

wmidisa iovane naTlismcemelisani, wmidisa iovane maxarebelisa da

wmidisa iovane oqropirisani, erTbamad Semokrebilni erT mosexnaeobisaTÂs

da erT madlisaTÂs, daRacaTu winamorbedi ars umetesi yovel-

Ta naSobTa de daTaÁsa~) (219r-221v);3 2. kalendarul-maTematikuri gamok

v leva `qro nikoni sruli mi siTa sauwyebeliTa gangebiTa~ (308r-338r);4

da 3. hagiografiul-istoriuli moTxroba `axalni saswaulni wmidisa

gior gis ni~ (`jer-ars ÃsenebaÁ Suenierisa da didisa axovanisaÁ, rameTu

ese arian saswaulni wmidisa mTavarmowamisa giorgisni da anderZi misisa

sasoebiT Sevedrebulisa da amaT sityuaTa Sesakadrebelad Rirsebisaebr

A-85-is Semswavleli interdisciplinaruli kvleviTi jgufis

wevrebis nargiza goguaZis, mixeil qavTariasa da raul Cagunavas

dakvirvebiT, tbel abuserisZis mier Sedgenili kalendarul-

2 qarTul xelnawerTa aRweriloba, 282-294.

galobani wmidaTa iovaneTa: naTlismcemlisa, maxareblisa da oqropirisa,

gamosacemad moamzada, gamokvleva, leqsikoni da komentarebi daurTo ramaz xalvaSma

gamocemac, Tumca, es ukanaskneli uSualod xelnawerze ar aris damyarebuli da

ramaz xalvaSis mier gamoqveynebuli teqstis republikacias warmoadgens. nestan

sulava, XII-XIII saukuneebis qarTuli himnografia (Tbilisi, 2003), 271, 306-308.

4 teqsti, uSualod dedanze dayrdnobiT, gamocemulia orgzis: pirvelad – 1868

Petersbourg, 1868), 21-56; abuserisZe, Txzulebani, 12-57.

5 teqsti gamocemulia oTxgzis: pirvelad – 1897 wels, Tedo Jordanias mier;

mier; meoTxed – 1998 wels, nargiza goguaZis, mixeil qavTariasa da raul

Cagunavas mier. qronikebi, II, 111-122; abuserisZe, bolok-basilis mSenebloba SuartyalSi,

55-69; abuserisZe, cxovreba qviTxuroisa basilisa, 3-14; abuserisZe,

Txzulebani, 58-70. garda am gamocemebisa, arsebobs Txzulebis sxva gamocemebic,

magram es publikaciebi dedanze ar aris damyarebuli da zemoT CamoTvlili

gamocemebidan aris gadabeWdili. magaliTad: qarTuli proza, III (Tbilisi, 1982),

qarTul mwerlobaSi (Tbilisi, 1991), 38, 255-268; da sxv.

ori kinklosuri minaweri 223

maTematikuri Txzulebis teqsti, `Sinaarsis TvalsazrisiT... aSkarad

or nawilad unda daiyos. pirvel da ZiriTad nawilSi moyvanilia 532-