Stelis Fragmenti Mcxetis Wm. Jvris Tazridan Saistorio Krebuli

statia:
stelis fragmenti mcxeTis wm. jvris taZridan

avtori: nana sixaruliZe, zaza sxirtlaZe
wyaro: saistorio krebuli, tomi 5 (2015), gv. 325-387
gamomcemloba: mxedari
XIV
stelis fragmenti mcxeTis wm. jvris taZridan
nana sixaruliZe, zaza sxirtlaZe
saqarTvelos saxelmwifo muzeumis qvis fondSi daculia monac-

risfro feris qva, zomiT 38X21X21 sm, romelic mcxeTis wm. jvris taZ-
ris teritoriaze iqna napovni (sainv. N
# 482). igi muzeumSi arqiteqtor m.
CxikvaZisagan moxvedrila (sur. 1).1
wiboebCamotexili da Zlier dazianebuli qvis fragmenti qvajvaris

svetis nawils warmoadgens. amaze miuTiTebs qvis forma, qveda waxnagze
amokveTili foso, agreTve misi erTi waxnagis dekori, romelic Sedge-
ba Sveul rigad ganTavsebuli, erTmaneTTan mijriT miwyobili, med-
alionSi Casmuli tolmklava, boloebgafarToebuli jvrebis relief-
uri gamosaxulebebisagan (sur. 4). Sua saukuneebis qarTuli stelebze,
erTi waxnagi, rogorc wesi ceradkveTili bolnuri jvrebiT an orna-
mentuli motivebiTaa gamSvenebuli.2 qvajvaris sam waxnags reliefuri
saxeebi amkobs, meoTxe ki gauformeblad dautovebiaT.
stelis erT, savaraudod wina pirze, zeda nawilSi jvris amaRlebaa
gamosaxuli – wriul medalionSi Casmuli tolmklava jvari, romelsac
ori, erTmaneTis simetriulad ganlagebuli, mfrinavi angelozi aRa-
maRlebs. amJamad, SedarebiT mkafiod mxolod medalions CaWidebuli
xelebis konturuli monaxazi ikiTxeba. imave waxnagis qveda, farTo re-
liefuri xaziT gamijnuli sibrtyis Sua nawilSi axalgazrda mamakacis
saxiT warmodgenilia macxovris figura grZeli, mxrebamde daSvebuli
TmiT; gairCeva misi ovaluri formis pirisaxe da ganzogadoebuli,
sqematuri anabeWdebis saxiTRa SemorCenili Tvalebi, cxviri, tuCebi.
gamosaxulebis qveda nawili Zlieraa dazianebuli, Tumca savaraudoa,
rom reliefze figura sruli taniT unda yofiliyo warmodgenili.
1
aRniSnulis Taobaze muzeumis sainventaro Canawerebidan xdeba cnobili.
2
rogorc es warmodgenilia qarTuli stelebis umetes nawilze. g. javaxiSvili,
adrefeodaluri xanis qarTuli stelebi (Tbilisi, 1998), tab. VI, sur. 2; tab. XVII,
sur. 5; tab. LI, sur. 1.
326 nana sixaruliZe, zaza sxirtlaZe
scenis zeda nawilSi ikiTxeba naTlis sveti, xolo mis gaswvriv sibrtyes
avsebs ori angelozis figura, romelTagan, amJamad, qvis gamoqarul
zedapirze frTebis gamosaxulebaa mqrqalad darCenili (sur. 2 da 5).
stelis marcxena waxnagze, mTeli taniT, frontalurad gamosaxu-
lia wverosani mamakacis figura, romelsac xelebi mkerdTan aqvs mit-
anili; mosavs grZeli, koWebamde daSvebuli kaba; mis mxrebze mosxmuli
mantia welamde eSveba. grZeli, mkerdamde dacemuli wveri bolosken
wawvetebuli aqvs. am garegnuli niSnebis gaTvaliswinebiT savaraudo
xdeba, rom aq mowese mamis figura unda gamoesaxaT (sur. 3 da 6).
gamosaxulebasTan warweris kvali ar Cans. welSi odnav moxrili da
marcxniv mimarTuli figura ukavSirdeba (TiTqos Seuvrdeba) momij-
nave waxnagze warmodgenil macxovars. mamakacis gamosaxulebis gver-
diT, marjvniv mimarTuli cxovelebi arian gamokveTilni. stelis zeda
nawilSi mkafio konturiT inakvTeba figuris silueti: Cans wingadgmu-
li fexi, kudi, brWyalebi da Tavis moxazuloba, rqebis gareSe. stelis
qveda nawilSi, mamakacis fexTiT gamosaxul cxovels ukan gadawyobili,
grZeli, moxdenili rqebi aqvs – igi Zlier waagavs TeTriwyaros eklesi-
is samxreT-aRmosavleT burjze warmodgenil antilopas gamosaxule-
bas.3
mcxeTis jvris stelaze kompoziciebi sibrtyidan mcirediT amo-
ziduli saxeebiT iqmneba. erTiani konturuli xaziT Semowerili
gamosaxulebebi amoWris xerxiT – mis garSemo fonis amoRebis meSveo-
biT ikveTeba. figuraTa siluetis Semomweri xazi moqnilia, msubuqi.
amJamad, Zlieri dazianebis gamo, drapirebis, tanisamosis damuSavebis
Taviseburebebze saubari rTulia. Sesamoselze datanili nakecebisa
Tu naoWTa reliefuri naxati Sveul xazTa arc Tu intensiuri wyebiT
unda iyos mocemuli. xazs ara dekoratiuli, aramed, ZiriTadad, for-
mis momsazRvrelis daniSnuleba aqvs. reliefis saerTo foni Tavisu-
falia; ar Cans miswrafeba Seumkoblad darCenili monakveTis dekora-
tiuli xasiaTis sxvadasxva gamosaxulebebiT Sevsebisaken, rogorc
es VII saukunis miwurulidan moyolebuli, e.w. gardamavali periodis
kompoziciebisTvisaa niSandoblivi.4 sxeulTa nawilebis proporci-
3
Н. Чубинашвили, Р. Шмерлинг, “Храмы в Древних Селениях Триалети – Олтиси и Тетри-
цкаро,” Ars Georgica, 2 (1948), 62-3.
4
n. aladaSvili, `VIII-IX saukuneebis qvaze kveTili reliefis adgili Sua sau
kuneebis qarTuli skulpturis ganviTarebaSi~, saqarTvelos siZveleni, 7-8 (2005),
49-56.
stelis fragmenti mcxeTis wm. jvris taZridan 327
uli ageba, formis, xazis plastikuri xasiaTi, gamosaxulebaTa da-

muSaveba analogias adreqristianul, elinisturs naziareb mxatvrul
tendenciebTan poulobs. cxovelTa saxeebic formis SegrZnebiT,
Tavisuflad gadmocemuli moZraobiT, adreqristianuli xanis gamo-
saxulebebs mogvagoneben. isini TeTriwyaros eklesiis burjze war-
modgenili antilopas figurasa5 da sasanur Tasebze gamoqandakebul
cxovelebTan formiseul Tanagvarobas amJRavneben. stelis reliefe-
bze formaTa gadmocemis niSneulad ara sibrtyobriv-dekoratiuli,
aramed erTgvari plastikuri xasiaTi maT atenis sionis Crdilo-
eT timpanis reliefebTan,6 agreTve garejis mravalmTis wm. ioane
naTlismcemlis monastris,7 lamazi goras,8 bolnisis sionis9 stelaTa
figurebTan anaTesavebs.
gamosaxulebaTa Sesrulebisa da kompoziciis agebis Tavisebure-
bebi SesaZlebels xdis stelis Seqmnis savaraudo periodi VI saukuniT
an VII saukunis dasawyisiT ganisazRvros.
qarTul realobaSi arsebuli magaliTebi cxadyofs, rom qarTlSi
taZris mSeneblobas xSirad qvajvarTa aRmarTva uZRoda win. aRniSnuli
tradiciis Camoyalibebis sawyisebi, rogorc Cans, saTaves unda iReb-
des wm. ninos mier aRmarTuli jvrebidan, rac, Tavis mxriv, mcxeTaSi
agebul pirvel eklesias – sveticxovels ukavSirdeba. qristianuli
sarwmunoebis damkvidrebis beWdad mdgari qvajvrebi adreuli xanis
taZrebs simbolurad ganasaxiereben – isini axladmoqceul qarTvel-
Ta cnobierebaSi axali msoflmxedvelobis Camoyalibebis gacxadebas
warmoadgenen. amitomac, adreqristianuli epoqis qarTlSi xSirad
jvris aRmarTeba praqtikulad taZris dafuZnebas, misi agebis ganx-
orcielebasac niSnavda. am niSniT sainteresoa VI saukuniT daTariRe-
5
ix. zemoT, Sen. 3.
6
g. abramiSvili, ìrmebis simbolika atenis sionis timpanis reliefze~,
saqarTvelos xelovnebis saxelmwifo muzeumis narkvevebi, VI (2000), 61-7; g.
abramiSvili, atenis sioni (Tbilisi, 2012), 113-8.
7
k. maCabeli, adreuli Sua saukuneebis qarTuli qvajvrebi (Tbilisi 2008), 14-6; Г.
Чубинашвили, Пещерньие монастыри Давид Гареджи (Тбилиси, 1948), 130; g. CubinaSvili,
qarTuli xelovnebis istoria, I (Tbilisi, 1936), 214, sur. 68.
8
j. amiranaSvili, adrefeodaluri xanis qarTuli arqiteqturisa da reliefuri
qandakebis Zeglebi (Tbilisi, 1968), 28-30.
9
j. amiranaSvili, `bolnisis reliefuri stela da kveTis teqnologia~, sabWoTa
xelovneba, 6 (1976), 33-5; Г. Чубинашвили, “Болнисский Сион,” Известия Института Языка,
Истории и Материальной Културы, IX (1940), 184-92.
buli eZanis sionis aRmosavleTi fasadis sarkmlis qveS amokveTili

samSeneblo warwera, romelic stela-jvris reliefuri gamosaxulebis
Tanmxleb gvxvdeba. warwera amgvarad ikiTxeba: èse jovari me, (Teog)
nade, aRvaSene salocvelad sulisa Cuenisa; vinc amoikiTxos locvasa
myos...~10 warwera ara stela-jvris aRmarTvis Sesaxeb, aramed taZris
aSenebis Taobaze gvauwyebs; mis gverdiT gamosaxuli qvajvari ki imaze
miuTiTebs, rom adreqristianul cnobierebaSi misi aRmarTva xSirad
eklesiis agebis niSnad Tu winapirobad miiCneoda. msgavsi sazrisiTaa
aRbeWdili VII saukuniT daTariRebuli wromis stelac warweriT: èse
jovari qristesi me, mamasaxlisman grigol zeda aRvmarTe salocvelad
Cvenda, mosaxsenebelad...~11 igi wromis taZris aRmSeneblobis winapiro-
bad SeiZleba iqnas miCneuli. yovelive amis gaTvaliswinebiT SesaZle-
beli Cans mcxeTis jvris stelis Seqmna-aRmarTvis savaraudo periodis
gansazRvra – es erismTavar stefanoz I-is mier mcxeTis wm. jvris ekle-
siis aSenebis winare periodSi unda momxdariyo, rac, qronologiurad,
VI saukunis meore naxevars Tanxvdeba.
safiqrebelia, rom qvajvari ukve aRmarTuli iyo VI saukunis mi-
wurulisTvis; swored im droiT TariRdeba stefanoz I-is dReisTvis
cnobili monetebi (sur. 18),12 romlebzec gamosaxuli stela-jvari –
niSani erismTavris sarwmunoebriv-erovnuli ganacxadisa, uSualod
ukavSirdeba mis mier aRmarTul qvajvars – winapirobas qarTvelTa
erTianobis simbolod qmnili mcxeTis wm. jvris taZris agebisa. misi
aRmSenebloba xom `moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁSic~ amgvaradaa moxseniebuli:
`..aman dadva safuZveli patiosnisa juarisa~,13 rac Tanagvarad niSnavs
10
n. CubinaSvili, `qvemo qarTlis stela-jvrebi~, Zeglis megobari, 30 (1972), 34-49;
n. CubinaSvili, `qvemo qarTlis stela-jvrebi~, saqarTvelos siZveleni, 12 (2008),
353-67.
11
T. barnaveli, ùsaneTisa da wromis stelebis TariRisaTvis~, macne, istoriis,
arqeologiis, eTnografiisa da xelovnebis istoriis seria, 1 (1969), 191-208.
12
d. kapanaZe, `ramdenime SeniSvna e.w. qarTul-sasanuri dramebis Sesaxeb~,
saqarTvelos ssr mecnierebaTa akademiis moambe, 6 (1945), 81-8; g. dundua, è.w.
qarTul-sasanuri monetebis problema da adrefeodaluri xanis saqarTvelos
istoriis safuZvlebi~, macne, istoriis, arqeologiis, eTnografiisa da xelovnebis
istoriis seria, 1 (1976), 97-109; g. dundua, T. dundua, qarTuli numizmatika
(Tbilisi, 2006), 149-56; S. H. Rapp Jr., The Sasanian World through Georgian Eyes (Farnham, 2014),
328-9.
13
`moqceva¡ qarTlisa¡~, Zveli qarTuli agiografiuli literaturis Zeglebi,
gamosacemad moamzades il. abulaZem, n. aTaneliSvilma, n. goguaZem, l. qajaiam, c.
qurcikiZem, c. Wankievma da c. jRamaiam, I (Tbilisi, 1963), 95.
taZris mSeneblobis dasawyissac da qristianuli msoflmxedvelobis

ganmtkicebis safuZvel-Cayrasac.
mcxeTis jvris stelis adgils adreuli Sua saukuneebis garkveul
monakveTSi, niSneuli stiluri maxasiaTeblebis garda, masze warmod-
genil saxeTa erTianobiT Seqmnili ikonografiuli programac gansaz-
Rvravs.
stelaze mocemuli scena jvris amaRlebisa didad popularuli da
farTod gavrcelebuli Cans adre Sua saukuneebis qarTul xelovnebaSi
kompozicia, romelsac xSirad macxovris amaRlebis wil gamosaxavdnen
xolme, IV-VI saukuneebis qristianuli xelovnebis wiaRSi Camoyalibe-
bul saxes iZens (Sdr. sur. 7, 8, 9) da saqarTveloSic mkvidrdeba, sadac
aswleulebis manZilze gamorCeul popularobas inarCunebs. angeloz-
Ta mier naTlis SaravandSi moqceuli jvris, macxovris an RmrTismSOo-
blis amaRleba gavrcelebulia mcxeTis jvris stelis Tanadroul
Zeglebze – igi gamosaxulia anCisxatis (VI s.),14 qvemo bolnisis (VI s.),15
eZanis (VI s.)16 da TeTriwyaros (VI s.)17 eklesiebze (sur. 11, 13 da 14). Ta-
vad mcxeTis wm. jvris eklesiis samxreT fasadzec amaRlebis ori re-
liefuri gamosaxulebaa warmodgenili; maTgan erTze angelozebi med-
alionSi moqceul jvars aRamaRleben (sur. 10), xolo meoreze – Tavad
macxovars (sur. 12).18
qarTul qvajvarebze aRbeWdil scenaTa Soris xSiria amaRlebis
kompoziciaTa warmodgena angelozTa mier macxovris, RmrTismSobli-
sa da jvris amaRlebis gamosaxulebiT. igi yvela SemTxvevaSi qvajvaris
svetis zeda nawilSi ikonografiuli programis damasrulebel scenad
gvevlineba. amgvaradaa warmodgenili igi xandisis (VI s.),19 brdaZoris
14
r. gverdwiTeli, ànCisxatis bazilikis aRmosavleT sarkmlis dekori~, Zeglis
megobari, 76 (1987), 6-8; n. aladaSvili, `jvris amaRlebis Tema qarTul xelovnebaSi~,
Zeglis megobari, 17 (1976), 7-12; n. aladaSvili, àdrefeodaluri xanis qarTuli
reliefebis erTi jgufi~, saqarTvelos mecnierebaTa akademiis macne, 1 (1978), 134-
46; n. aladaSvili, èZanis eklesiis reliefi~, Zeglis megobari, 29 (1972), 17-25; Н.
Чубинашвили, Р. Шмерлинг, “Храмы в древних селениях Триалети – Олтиси и Тетри-цкаро”, Ars
Georgica, 2 (1948), 62-3.
15
ix. zemoT, Sen. 14.
16
iqve.
17
iqve.
18
Г. Чубинашвили, Памятники типа Джвари (Тбилиси, 1948), 149-53; g. CubinaSvili,
qarTuli xelovnebis istoria (tfilisi, 1936), 112-3; mcxeTis wm. jvris taZari,
gamosacemad moamzada d. xoStariam (Tbilisi, 2008), 22, 68-9, 77.
19
Н. Чубинашвили, Хандиси. Проблема рельефа на примере одной группы грузинских стел
(VI-VII ss.),20 musxis (VI-VII ss.),21 stelebze, agreTve, savaraudod, dava-

Tis qvasvetze (VI-VII ss.).22 amas emateba didi gomareTis qvasvetebi (VI-VII
ss.),23 romelTa Zalze dazianebuli kapitelis waxnagebze mfrinavi ange-
lozebis figurebia Semonaxuli; aRniSnulis safuZvelze SesaZlebelia
stelis wina piras uflis xatis arseboba vivaraudoT, e.i. aqac svetis
sam waxnagze gaSlili uflis amaRlebis erTiani kompozicia unda arse-
buliyo.
kargadaa cnobili, rom qvasvetebis Seqmnisas, eklesiis moxatulo-
bis msgavsad, saRvTo ierarqia da istoriuli qronologia mudam dacu-
li iyo – Sesabamisad, saxarebiseuli Temebi Sveul sibrtyeebze zusti
TanmimdevrobiT, zemodan qvemoT nawildeboda; amgvari principiT,
macxovris amaRlebis kompozicia da, mis kvalad, jvris amaRlebis scena
zeda nawilSi Tavsdeboda. aqedan gamomdinare, safiqrebelia, rom mcx-
eTis jvris stelis SemorCenili fragmenti, masze nakveTi jvris amaR-
lebis gamosaxulebiT, qvajvaras svetis zeda nawils unda warmoadgen-
des.
mcxeTis jvris stelaze jvris amaRlebis gamosaxulebis qvemoT
gamoqandakebuli kompoziciis zusti raobis dadgena Zneldeba. masze
warmodgenilia macxovris, mis Tavs zemoT naTlis svetisa da Tanmxleb
warmodgenili mfrinavi angelozebis figurebi. yovelive amis gaTval-
iswinebiT SeiZleboda aRniSnuli kompoziciis naTlisRebis scenasTan
gaigiveba. marTalia, amJamad reliefze suliwmindis simbolo – mtre-
dis gamosaxuleba ar Cans, magram gamoricxuli ar aris, rom es qvis Zl-
ieri gamoqarvisa da gamosaxulebaTa sagrZnobi dazianebis Sedegi iyos.
aRniSnulTan dakavSirebiT sagulisxmo Cans ganTiadis stelaze (VI s.)
последней четверти V века, VI и первой половины VII века, (Тбилиси, 1972), 15; k. maCabeli,
adreuli Sua saukuneebis qarTuli qvajvarebi (Tbilisi, 2008), 11.
20
k. maCabeli, `qristianuli Temebi Zvel qarTul plastikaSi~, xelovneba, 2 (1993),
43-60; misive, adreuli Sua saukuneebis qarTuli qvajvarebi, 11; javaxiSvili,
adrefeodaluri xanis qarTuli stelebi, 33-4.
21
maCabeli, `qristianuli Temebi Zvel qarTul plastikaSi~, 43-60; misive,
adreuli Sua saukuneebis qarTuli qvajvarebi, 11; javaxiSvili, adrefeodaluri
xanis qarTuli stelebi, 45.
22
k. maCabeli, `davaTis qvasvetis adgili qarTuli plastikuri xelovnebis
ganviTarebaSi~, macne, istoriis, arqeologiis, eTnografiisa da xelovnebis
istoriis seria, 1 (1991), 67-85. qvasvetis waxnagis zeda monakveTi Camotexilia;
danarCen nawilze amaRlebis angelozebia gamosaxuli, rac savaraudos xdis, rom
svetis zeda nawilSi amaRlebis siuJeti unda gamoesaxaT.
23
ix. zemoT, Sen. 19.
mocemuli kompoziciac, romelic samecniero literaturaSi naTlis-

Rebis scenadaa ganxiluli.24 isic niSneulia, rom adreqristianuli
epoqis qarTuli saeklesio xelovnebisaTvis, miT ufro ki qvajvarTa
ikonografiuli programebisaTvis, yvelaze gavrcelebuli naTlis-
Rebis scena Cans. igi warmodgenilia brdaZoris (VI s.),25 berijvaris (VI-
VII ss.)26 qvajvrebze; JaleTis sanaTlavze (VI-VII ss.), 27 webeldas kankelsa
(VII-VIII ss.)28 da usaneTis (VIII-IX ss.) stelaze.29 magram scenis gaigivebas
24
k. kaxiani, g. WaniSvili, j. kopaliani, k. maCabeli, z. aleqsiZe, e. RliRvaSvili,
n. patariZe, adreqristianuli arqeologiuri kompleqsi dmanisidan (Tbilisi,
2012), tab. 4 (2), 13, 26 (6, 7), 6 (26). kompozicia, romelic naTlis sxivisa da mtredis
gamosaxulebebs ar Seicavs, Tavisuflad SeiZleboda dagvesaxelebina mcxeTis
jvris stelaze wamodgenili scenis paralelad; Tumca, ganTiadis stelaze
warmodgenili kompoziciis naTlisRebad miCneva saeWvo Cans – aRniSnuli
dResaswaulisaTvis rogorc saRvTismetyvelo SinaarsiT, ise misi ikonografiuli
gamosaxulebiT ucilobeli da ganuyofelia naTlis svetisa da suliwmindis
(mtredis saxiT) warmodgena, ramdenadac naTlisReba RvTis gancxadebis xatia da
maTi kompoziciuri erToba Teofaniis ucilobel niSans warmoadgens. naTlisRebis
dResaswaulis sazrisisa da gamosaxvis tradiciis Taobaze ix. G. Schiller, Iconography
of Christian Art, I (Greenwich, 1971), 127-43. aRniSnulidan gamomdinare, SesaZlebelia,
ganTiadis stelaze aRbeWdili kompozicia ara naTlisRebis dResaswauls, aramed
naTlobis aqts asaxavdes, xolo mis qvemoT mocemuli saero pirTa figurebi –
qristianad moqceuli warCinebuli saxlis warmomadgenlebs. aRniSnuli varaudi
SesaZloa gamoiTqvas im adreqristianuli qarTuli tradiciis gaTvaliswinebiT,
romlis mixedviTac qvajvarebi mxaris an, Tanagvaradve, romelime warCinebuli
gvaris moqcevis niSnad aRimarTeboda. am mxriv isicaa niSneuli, rom ganTiadis
stelaze saxarebiseuli scenebi, saxeldobr sauflo dResaswaulebi warmodgenili
ar aris; isic sagulisxmo unda iyos, rom kurTxevis xazgasmuli aqti, romelic
gadidebuli xelis mtevniTaa warmodgenili, erTgvar mfarvelobiT Jestadac
aRiqmeba, rac wm. ioane winamorbedisagan macxovrisadmi mimarTebiT ki nakleb
mosalodneli Cans.
25
k. maCabeli, `qristianuli ikonografiis Camoyalibebis sakiTxisaTvis (Sobisa
da naTlisRebis kompoziciebi adreuli Sua saukuneebis qarTul reliefebze)~,
saqarTvelos siZveleni, 9 (2006), 41-52; n. iamaniZe, `qarTuli embazebis tipologiis
sakiTxisaTvis~, Academia, 4 (2002), 66-71.
26
ix. zemoT, Sen. 24; a. Tofuria, `berijvaris stela~, Zeglis megobari, 3 (1987), 33-
9; g. oTxmezuri, `stela naeklesiar „berijvaridan“, macne, istoriis, arqeologiis,
eTnografiisa da xelovnebis istoriis seria, 1 (1986), 88-94.
27
ix. zemoT, Sen. 25; n. qadeiSvili, JaleTis xuroTmoZRvruli Zegli (Tbilisi,
1964), 62-3; N. Iamanidzé, Les installations liturgiques sculptées des eglises de Géorgie (VIe-XIIIe siècles)
[Bibliothèque de l’Antiquite Tardive, 15] (Turnhout, 2010), 21-3, 33-43, figs. 6-7; 23-28, 31.
28
maCabeli, `qristianuli ikonografiis Camoyalibebis sakiTxisaTvis (Sobisa da
naTlisRebis kompoziciebi adreuli Sua saukuneebis qarTul reliefebze)~, 41-52.
29
ix. zemoT, Sen. 24. qvasvetebze naTlisRebis gamosaxvis amgvari popularuloba,
naTlisRebasTan SeuZlebels xdis kompoziciaSi wm. ioane naTlismcem-

lis figuris ararseboba – scenis ikonografiuli saxesxvaoba, sadac
winamorbedi ar iqneboda gamosaxuli, qristianul xelovnebaSi ar Cans.
aRniSnuli scenis saxeldebisaTvis sayuradRebo Cans stelis frag-
mentis wina waxnagis erTiani reliefuri dekoris sqema, romelic Si-
naarsobrivi da kompoziciuri niSnebis gaTvaliswinebiT msgavsebas ad-
reqristianul spilos Zvlis nimuSebTan poulobs – esaa V-VI saukunee-
biT daTariRebuli e.w. sakonsulo diptiqonebi, romlis centralur
nawilze angelozTa an mociqulTa wyviliT garemoculi, saydarze dab-
rZanebuli an fexze mdgomi macxovaria warmodgenili, xolo mis zeda
monakveTze, mcxeTis jvris stelis Tanagvarad, calke registradaa
gamosaxuli ori mfrinavi angelozis mier amaRlebuli medalionSi Cas-
muli triumfaluri jvari.30 yovelive amis gaTvaliswinebiT SesaZlebe-
lia, rom mcxeTis jvris stelaze jvris amaRlebisa da uflis didebis
scenaTa erToba im kompoziciur saxesxvaobad miviCnioT, romelic
Tanadroul spilos Zvlis nimuSebzea gavrcelebuli (ix. Tundac, mu-
ranos, eCmiaZinis an barberinis diptiqonebi) (sur. 7 da 8).31
savsebiT SesaZlebelia, rom mcxeTis jvris qvasvetze, sakonsulo
diptiqebis msgavsad, amaRlebisa da uflis didebis scenebi erTmaneT-
Tan Sinaarsobrivad daekavSirebinaT da stelis es piri uflis sauku-
no sufevis ideiT aRebeWdaT. Sesabamisad, rodesac mnaxvelis Tvali
stelis zeda monakveTidan qvemoT, uflis didebis scenas Camouyveba,
SesaZlebelia, aixsnas Tavad qvajvris funqciidan gamomdinare – xSirad qvajvarebs,

romelTa aRmarTvis Cveuleba adreqristianuli epoqidan iRebs saTaves, axali
sarwmunoebis aRiarebis, moqcevis simbolod aRmarTavdnen. saqarTvelosa
da somxeTis (stelebi yvelaze metad kavkasiis am qveynebSia gavrcelebuli)
ganmanaTleblebma axladmoqceul qveyanaSi jvrebi aRmarTes, rogorc beWedi
warmarTobaze qristianobis gamarjvebisa (wm. ninom TxoTs, mcxeTasa da ujarmas
sami jvari aRmarTa; wm. grigol ganmanaTlebelic somxeTis axladmoqceul
mxareebs jvriT niSnavda xolme; ix. Agathangeolos, History of the Armenians, Translation and
Commentary by R. W. Thomson (Albany, 1976), 311, 319, 321.). aseve sayuradReboa qvajvaraTa
gardamocemiseuli kavSiri naTlisRebasTan – dasaSvebia, rom igi mdinare iordanes
napiras, uflis naTelRebis adgilas kostantine didis mier aRmarTul qvis jvarsac
ukavSirdebodes. ix. g. javaxiSvili, àdre Sua saukuneebis qarTuli stelebis
genezisisaTvis~, Zeglis megobari, 4 (2000), 24-9.
30
W. F. Volbach, Elfenbeinarbeiten der spatantike und des fruhen mittleters [Romisch-germanisches
Zentralmuseum zu Mainz, Katalog 7] (Mainz, 1952), 325; Age of Spirituality, ed. by K. Waitzman (New
York, 1979), 5-6.
31
ix. zemoT, Sen. 30.
saCino xdeba, rom qvajvaris kompoziciur centrs, zeda nawilSi, med-

alionSi Casmuli jvris gamosaxuleba warmoadgens; igi inacvlebs mis
qvemoT, uflis didebis scenaSi gardamosuli sxivis gaswvriv, qristes
figuraze; Sedegad, amaRlebis scenaSi gamosaxuli jvari macxovris
xatovan saxesac atarebs.
uflis didebis scenaSi aRbeWdili macxovris figura kompozici-
urad amaRlebis gamosaxulebaSi warmodgenil, medalionSi Caweril
jvars ukavSirdeba, ris Sedegadac stelis waxnagze asaxul scenebs So-
ris erTiani simetriuli xazi ikvreba; es ki qvajvaris waxnagze warmod-
genil reliefur saxeTa Sinaarsobrivsa da kompoziciur mTlianobas
ganapirobebs – misi mTavari, dasavleTi waxnagi jvris amaRlebasTan
Tanaziari uflis didebis gamosaxulebiT stelis ikonografiul pro-
gramas triumfalur saxes aZlevs.
stelis marcxena waxnagze cxovelebTan erTad warmodgenili mamak-
acis gamosaxuleba, erTi SexedviT, damoukidebeli Cans mTavar fasa-
dze gamokveTil sadResaswaulo xasiaTis scenaTagan. mowesis figuras
da cxovelTa gamosaxulebebs mxolod foni aerTianebs; Sinaarsobri-
vi, TxrobiTi kavSiri scenis calkeul elementebs Soris ar ikveTeba.
gamoricxuli ar aris, rom Tavad kompozicia stelaze erT dros war-
modgenili, naratiulad ganviTarebuli raime ciklis nawili yofili-
yo. gamosaxulebebTan warweraTa kvali ar Cans; amitomac, scenis saxel-
debisTvis aucilebelia masSi warmodgenili mamakacis figuris ikono-
grafiuli saxis gaTvaliswineba da Sinaarsobrivi kavSiris moZieba mis
gverdiT warmodgenili cxovelebis gamosaxulebebTan.
qarTul qvajvrebze saero Tu sasuliero pirTa da, maTTan erTad,
cxovelTa gamosaxva uCveulo ar aris. xSirad gvxvdeba rogorc saero
pirTa Tu wmindanTa calkeuli gamosaxulebebi (bolnisis sionis (VI s.),
dmanisis (VI s., VI-VII ss.), brdaZoris (VI s.), winarexis (VI-VII ss.), wromis (VI-
VII ss), kataulas (IX s.), usaneTis (VIII-IX ss.) stelebi), ise cxovelTa Tu fr-
invelTa figurebi (bolnisis sionis (VI s.), dmanisis (VI-VII ss.), naRvarebis
(VI-VII ss.) stelebi).32 yuradRebas iqcevs VI-VII saukuneebis eklesiebis
dekoratiul sistemaSi CarTuli irmebis mravalricxvovani gamosaxule-
bebi, rasac kavSirebi qristianobis winare xanasTan eZebneba. bolnisis
sionis, wofis, erwos, kawareTis, akaurTas eklesiaTa kapitelebze gamo-
saxulia irmebi, romlebic dganan an moZraoben da mcenaris ylortebs mi-
32
ix. zemoT, Sen. 29.
irTmeven.33 aRsaniSnavia dmanisSi, yizil-qilisas sakurTxevlis samxreT

kedelSi CaSenebuli, VI-VII saukuneebiT daTariRebuli, stelis frag-
mentebi, romelzec warmodgenilia sxvadasxva cxoveli: jixvi, faskunji,
iremi da sxv.34 maTTan erTad gamousaxavT wmindanTaA figurebic; aseve,
dmanisis naqalaqarSi aRmoCenili qvajvaris (VI s.) svetis fragmentzec
gamokveTilia cxovelisa da mamakacis gamosaxuleba,35 Tumca mocemul
magaliTebSi saxeebi mcxeTis jvris stelis scenis Tanagvar erTian kom-
poziciad ar erTiandeba; adamianisa da cxovelis figurebi sxvadaxva
scenebs warmoadgens da isini reliefuri registris xaziT imijnebian.
adamianisa da cxovelebis erT scenad gaerTianebuli kompoziciebis
warmodgenisas, pirveli asociacia meudabnoe moRvaweebTan mimarTe-
biT Cndeba, miT ufro, rom mcxeTis jvris stelaze gamosaxuli mamaka-
cis figura garegnuli niSnebiT – grZeli mantiiTa da mkerdamde daS-
vebuli wveriT meudabnoes, mowese mamas gavs. stelis wina gamokveTili
scenis naTlisRebasTan SesaZlo gaigivebisas, varaudi, pirvelyov-
lisa, meudabnoe mamaTa winamorbeds, wm. ioane naTlismcemels ukav-
Sirdeba. magram, cxovelebTan dakavSirebuli scenebi, sadac wm. ioane
naTlismcemelia gamosaxuli, ar gvxvdeba. garda amisa, wmindanis iko-
nografia sxvagvaria – kargadaa cnobili, rom qristianuli saxviTi
tradicia mas aSlili Tma-wveriT, aqlemis xaleniT mosils warmogvid-
gens. meore mxriv, cxovelebTan erTad beris, meudabnoe mamis gamosax-
vis tradicias asurel moRvaweebTan, qarTuli monasticizmis fuZem-
deblebTan mivyavarT. asurel mamaTa gamosaxulebebi cxovelebTan,
xSirad irmebTan erTad, metnaklebad Camoyalibebuli ikonografiuli
programebis saxiT Semdgomi saukuneebidan Cndeba da gvxvdeba ro-
gorc kedlis mxatvrobaSi, ise qandakebaSi; esaa atenis sionis safasado
reliefi – wm. daviT garejelisa da wm. lukianes mier irmebis wvelis
epizodi (X s.) (sur. 15),36 garejas mravalmTis udabnos monastris mTa-
vari eklesiis mxatvroba wm. daviT garejelis cxovrebis scenebiT (XI
33
abramiSvili, atenis sioni, 132.
34
k. maCabeli, `qvajvara, rogorc spolia Sua saukuneebis qarTul arqiteqturaSi~,
levan rCeuliSvili 100, samecniero konferenciis masalebi (Tbilisi, 2009), 32-42;
k. maCabeli, qvajvara – Spolia qvemo qarTlis xuroTmoZRvrebaSi (Tbilisi, 2014), 24.
35
javaxiSvili, adrefeodaluri xanis qarTuli stelebi, 24.
36
g. abramiSvili, daviT garejelis cikli qarTuli kedlis mxatvrobaSi (Tbilisi,
1972), 90-100; g. abramiSvili, àtenis sionis reliefi~, sabWoTa xelovneba, 9 (1965),
66-71.
s.) (sur. 16),37 garejas mravalmTisave berTubnis monastris satrapezos

moxatuloba aseve wm. daviT garejelis cxovrebis sceniT (XIII saukunis
dasawyisi). 38
savaraudoa, rom qvajvarze warmodgenili meudabnoe mamis gamosax-
uleba wminda asurel mamebs ukavSirdebodes. ramdenadac saqarTvelo-
Si meudabnoeoba siriel moRvaweebTan igivdeba, qarTul xelovnebaSic
moweseTa adreuli gamosaxulebebi asurel mamaTa saxeebs warmogvid-
genen.
saintereso Cans stelis fragmentze SemorCenili gamosaxulebebiT
Seqmnili ikonografiuli programis mimarTeba Tavad mcxeTis wm. jvris
eklesiasTan. es taZari qarTlis moqcevisas, mcxeTaSi wm. ninos mier
aRmarTuli jvris adgilze aigo. mcxeTis jvris mcire eklesiis mSene-
bloba qarTlis pirvel erismTavarma gurgen-guaramma 39 daiwyo, xolo
didi taZari misi memkvidreebis – stefanoz I-is, demetres RvawliT gan-
srulda.40 gumbaTovanma taZarma wm. ninos mier aRmarTuli jvari Tavis
wiaRSi moiqcia.
Cans, mcxeTis wm. jvris taZari erismTavarTa saZvale iyo; im droi-
dan ki, rodesac dedofalma latavrma bagrationTa da erismTavarTa
(kurapalatianTa) sagvareuloebi gaaerTiana, igi bagrationTa saxlis
gansasvenebelic Seiqna – ase iyo manamde, sanam isini mefed ekurTxebod-
nen. amas adasturebs sinas mTaze, wm. ekaterines monasterSi aRmoCenili
qarTuli xelnaweris – Sin. geo. N-50-is CanarTi, romelSic aRwerilia
adarnases mier wm. jvris taZrisTvis Sewiruli saganZuri.41
wm. ninos mier jvris aRmarTva, romelic qarTul realobaSi safuZ-
37
z. sxirtlaZe, e. istmondi, `wminda daviT garejelis cxovrebis cikli udabnos
monastris mTavari eklesiis sadiakvnes moxatulobaSi: axali monacemebi da
dakvirvebebi~, saqarTvelos siZveleni, 2 (2002), 26-49; A. Eastmond, Z. Skhirtladze,
“Udabno Monastery in Georgia: Innovation, Conservation and the Reintrepretation of Medieval Art,”
Iconographica, Rivista di Iconographia Medievale e Moderna, VII (2008), 23-43.
38
abramiSvili, daviT garejelis cikli qarTuli kedlis mxatvrobaSi, 115-21.
39
mkvlevarTa nawili antiiranuli ajanyebis meTaurs gurgensa da qarTlis
pirvel erismTavars guarams erTmaneTTan aigivebs. ix. C. Toumanoff, Studies in Christian
Caucasian History (Washington, 1963), 432-4; Rapp, Sasanian World through Georgian Eyes, 326.
40
ix. zemoT, Sen. 18.
41
sinas mTaze wm. ekaterines monasterSi 1975 wels aRmoCenil qarTul xelnawerTa
aRweriloba, Seadgines z. aleqsiZem, m. SaniZem, l. xevsurianma da m. qavTariam (aTeni,
2005), 283; z. aleqsiZe, `sinas mTis wminda ekaterines monastris xelnawerTa axali
koleqciis Sin-50-is anderZ-minawerebi~, Tbilisis saxelmwifo universitetis Sro
mebi, 359 (2005), 122-31.
vlad edeba qvajvarebis arsebobas, qristianobis aRiarebis simbolos

warmoadgenda. votivuri stela-jvaric simboloa qristianobis gamar-
jvebisa, rac naTlisRebis aqtiT mtkicdeba. amitom stela, iseve rogorc
wm. ninos mier aRmarTul jvarTan SewiaRebuli taZari, qtitors, ste-
fanoz I-s, SesaZloa, qarTlis cxovrebisaTvis gardamtexi epoqis, qveynis
ganaxlebuli sulieri cxovrebis momniSvnel niSad aRemarTa. am mxriv,
logikurad Cndeba stelis pirze gamosaxuli Teofania da jvris amaR-
leba – rogorc niSani uflis maradiuli meufebisa da borotis Zlevisa.
am saxiT SerCeul ikonografiul programaSi asureli mamis gamo-
saxulebis CarTva, erTi SexedviT, ucnauri Cans, miT ufro, rom uSualo
mimarTeba asket moRvaweebsa da Tavad mcxeTis wm. jvris taZars Soris
TiTqos ar ikveTeba. mcxeTis jvari Tavisi daarsebis droisaTvis da
Semdgom arsebobis manZilze monasteri arasdros yofila.
amasTanave, asurel mamaTa da mcxeTis wm. jvris taZars Soris kav-
Siris Ziebisas sagulisxmo Cans zemoT ukve damowmebuli Sin. geo. N-50,
romelic paleografiulad, enobrivad, teqstologiurad da masSi
mocemuli istoriuli realiebiT X saukunis dasawyisiT TariRdeba.42
krebulSi `moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁs~ qronikis, „wm. ninos cxovrebis~, „wm.
iovane zedaznelisa da mis mowafeTa saqmeTa da sakvirvelebaTa~ da „wm.
abibos nekreselis martvilobis~ dRemde ucnobi redaqciebi Sedis. „wm.
ioane zedaznelisa da mis mowafeTa saqmeTa da sakvirvelebaTa~ da „wm.
abibos nekreselis martvilobas~ Soris ki CarTulia cnobebi, romleb-
sac teqstTan uSualo kavSiri ara aqvT. es aris zedazenis monastris
mamasaxlisTa sia, dasabamidan X saukunis damdegamde, mcxeTis wm. jvris
taZris, zedazenisa da garejis wm. ioane naTlismcemlis monasterTa
wignTsacavebis nusxebi, imave monasterTa saWurWleebis aRwerilobebi
SemwirvelTa vinaobaze miTiTebiT, qarTlis mefeTa da erismTavarTa
saojaxo epitafiebi, zusti genealogiuri da qronologiuri miTiTe-
bebiT. rogorc Cans, asurel mamaTa mier daarsebul, asketuri tipis,
samonastro kerebsa da wm. jvris taZars – samefo eklesia-saZvales –
Soris kavSirebi maT safuZvelCamyrelTa da moamageTa – erismTavarTa
da asurel mamaTa erTobis xatze unda gadiodes.
42
z. aleqsiZe, `sinas mTis wminda ekaterines monastris xelnawerTa axali qarTuli
koleqciis Sin-50-is anderZ-minawerebi~, qristianuli kavkasia, II (Tbilisi, 2011),
205-14; misive, `garejidan sinas mTamde. ucnobi masala samonastro kompleqsis
Sesaxeb sinas mTis qarTul xelnawerTa axali koleqciidan~, qristianuli kavkasia,
II, 57-67.
sayuradReboa, rom Zveli gadmocemebis safuZvelze X saukuneSi Se-

qmnili krebuli „TxrobaÁ saswaulTaTvis wmidisa da RmerTSemosilisa
mamisa SioisTaÁ”43 wm. jvris taZris maSeneblis, stefanoz I-is „moqce-
vas~ asurel mamaTa Rvawls, kerZod, wm. Sios mier movlinebul saswauls
ukavSirebs. Rirsi mamis mier aRsrulebuli saswaulis Semdgom (kre-
bulSi igi merve saswauladaa saxeldebuli) erismTavarma stefanozma,
romelic „iyoca kaci ese ampartavan da borotTa SuriT aRsavse~ Secva-
la sakuTari damokidebuleba eklesiisa da sasuliero pirebis mimarT:
èsreT amieriTganRa iwyo stefanoz keTilisyofad eklesiaTa da pa-
tivis pyrobad episkoposTa... da amanca friadi aRaSena eklesiasa zeda
juarisasa... da mravalsa keTilsa uyofda mierTagan yovelTas eklesi-
aTa stefanoz~.44
krebulSi Semonaxuli gardamocema asureli mamis mier aRsrule-
buli saswauliT – wm. Sio mRvimelisagan stefanozis „moqceviTa~ da
„yoveli qarTlis~ mier wm. jvris taZris mSeneblobiT – wm. ninos mier
qarTlis moqceva-gaqristianebasa da, am movlenis kvalad, misgan jvris
aRmarTvas exmianeba. yovelives gaTvaliswinebiT, asureli moRvaweebi
WeSmariti sarwmunoebis – marTlmadidebluri/diofizituri mrwamsis
ganmtkicebisaTvis brZoliTa da RvawliT wm. ninos sulieri memkvi-
dreebi arian.
qarTlis gaqristianebisa da rwmenis gamyarebis procesi sabolood
siriel mamaTa moRvaweobis dros sruldeba. asurel meudabnoeebs
wilad xvdaT „mTielTa“ gaqristianeba-moqceva. Tuki mefe mirianisa
da wm. ninos dros „da sxuanica mTielni umravlesni ara moiqces“, wm.
abibos nekreselma „moaqcia umravlesni mTiulni aragvsa aRmosavliT-
ni“, xolo wm. ise wilknelma, romelic episkoposad ekurTxa, „queya-
nasa muxranisasa da sofelsa wilkanisa friadni urwmunoni swavlaTa
moaqcivna, moZRureba da qadageba ganfina samwysosa Tvisa“.45
asureli mamebi, moRvaweobis dawyebisTanave, saxeldobr qarTlSi
Semosvlis droidanve ganacxadeben, rom maTi sulieri gza qarTvelTa
ganmanaTleblis kvalze gadis. mcxeTas mosuli meudabnoeebi siwmind-
43
il. abulaZe, asurel moRvaweTa cxovrebis wignTa Zveli redaqciebi [Tbilisis
saxelmwifo universitetis Zveli qarTuli enis kaTedris Sromebi, I] (Tbilisi,
1955), 204-5.
44
ix. zemoT, Sen. 43.
45
juanSeri, `cxovreba vaxtang gorgaslisa~, qarTlis cxovreba, teqsti dadgenili
yvela ZiriTadi xelnaweris mixedviT s. yauxCiSvilis mier, I (Tbilisi, 1955), 212.
eebs moilocaven; maTi winamZRoli, wm. ioane zedazneli Tayvans scems

mcxeTis Zelicxovels da RvTis gangebulebiT samoRvaweod zadenis
mTas irCevs.
zadenis mTasa da mcxeTis wm. jvris taZars Soris kavSiri qris-
tianobamde, kerpTayvanismcemlobis droidan arsebobda, roca mTaze
aRmarTuli uzarmazari kerpi gadmohyurebda meore mTas, sadac, ro-
gorc varaudoben, imave warmarTuli RvTaebis saxelze agebuli taZari
idga. mkvlevarTa umetesoba gamoTqvams varauds, rom mcxeTis wm. jvris
kompleqsi ufro Zveli, savaraudod, qristianobamdeli sakulto nage-
bobis adgilze dgas.46 wm. ioane zedaznelis cxovrebaSi ki xazgasmiTaa
gacxadebuli, rom Rirsma mamam samonastro kera warmarTuli samsxver-
plos adgilas daaarsa. wm. ninom kerpTayvanismcemluri taZari gaauqma
da mis nacvlad „kldesa zeda“ jvari aRmarTa, rac iyo niSani warmar-
Tobis ngrevisa da axali rwmenis simtkicisa: „da viTarca aRemarTa niSi
juarisa queyanasa mas qarTlisasa, meyseulad mas Jamsa daecnes yovel-
ni kerpni... da Seimusrnes, da sakerponi dairRues...“47 wm. ioane zedazne-
lis da misi mowafeebis moRvaweobam sabolood ganasrula qarTlis
moqcevis procesi, ramdenadac sakralurobiT gamorCeul qarTvelTa
rwmenis niSans – mcxeTis wm. jvars warmarTuli zurgi mouSala da gaa-
magra samonastro keris daarseba-aRorZinebiT, radgan „qristianobasa
Sina Semusres kerpni, aramed kualad ara dascxrnes... aRaSenes maT zeda
mun eklesiani, raTa Tayuaniscen maT da arRara moixsenon kerpni...“48
VI saukunis meore naxevarSi, wm. ioane zedaznelis winamZRolobiT
mamebis saqarTveloSi Semosvlis dros, qarTls rTuli, gardamtexi
dro udgas. mazdeanuri iranis politikuri gavlenis sferoSi moqceu-
li qveyana cecxlTayvanismcemlobasTan erTad kavkasiis regionSi sasa-
46
g. abramiSvili, i. gagoSiZe, `mcxeTis jvris restavraciasTan dakavSirebuli
arqeologiuri gaTxrebis angariSi (1975 w.)~, saqarTvelos kulturuli
memkvidreobis dacvis erovnuli saagentos arqivi, sainventaro NN6730, saqaRalde
48; v. cincaZe, `mcxeTis jvris restavraciis sakiTxebisaTvis~, literatura da
xelovneba, 1 (1990), 209-10; l. rCeuliSvili, `xuroTmoZRvrebis ZeglTa dacva-
aRdgenis Sesaxeb~, saqarTvelos siZveleni, 9 (2006), 248; i. banZelaZe, mcxeTis
jvari-mcire taZari, restavracia-reabilitaciis proeqti (Tbilisi, 2008); c.
CaCxunaSvili, `kidev erTxel mcxeTis wm. jvris mcire taZris Sesaxeb~, Academia, 2
(2011), 118-25.
47
ix. zemoT, Sen. 43, 120.
48
vaxuSti batoniSvili, àRwera samefosa saqarTvelosa~, qarTlis cxovreba,
teqsti dadgenili yvela ZiriTadi xelnaweris mixedviT s. yauxCiSvilis mier, IV
(Tbilisi, 1973), 690.
nianTa mxardaWeriT gaZlierebul somxeTis eklesiasa da monofizito-

basac ebrZvis.
qarTlSi Semosuli da diofizituri sarwmunoebrivi kur-
sis kvalad moqmedi asureli mamebi samonastro kerebis daarseba-
aRorZinebiT xels uwyoben eklesiisa da rwmenis ganmtkiceba-ga-
Zlierebas. maTi moRvaweoba lokaluri movlena ar yofila – mas sax-
elmwifoebrivi mniSvneloba hqonda. amas adasturebs asurel mamaTa
cxovrebis redaqciebSi daculi cnoba, romlis mixedviTac mcxeTas
Camosul mamebs kaTolikosi evlaviozi episkoposebTan erTad xvdeba
da akurTxebs maT. wm. ioanec irCevs ra samoweseod zadenis mTas, qar-
Tlis kaTolikoss sTxovs dalocvas.49 aSkaraa, asureli meudabnoeebi
qarTlis eklesiis mesveurTa sruli TanxmobiT moqmedeben.
es samisionero moRvaweoba, marTlmadidebluri rwmenis ganmt-
kicebasTan erTad, antiiranul xasiaTs atarebda da, savaraudod, me-
fobagauqmebul qarTlSi erovnuli ganTavisuflebis simbolod unda
qceuliyo. asureli mamebi gvevlinebian eklesiisa da im politikur
ZalTa ideur mekavSireebad, romlebic iranis dampyrobluri poli-
tikis winaaRmdeg da qarTlis, rogorc politikuri erTeulis da-
moukideblobisaTvis iRvwian. am gakafuli gzis gagrZeleba VI saukunis
70-ian wlebSi farTomasStabiani antiiranuli ajanyebaa, rasac Sedegad
erismTavrobis institutis SemoReba mohyva: „neladre Sekrba qarTli
da ganaCines erisTavad guaram didi...~.50 erTi ram cxadia – im etapze
fuZndeba religiur-politikuri erTobis is mTavari xati, romelsac
qveyana damoukidebel erovnul da politikur erTeulad Camoyali-
bebis gzisken mihyavs.51
stefanoz I-is antibizantiuri politikis kvali erovnuli da-
moukideblobis gzaze gadioda da iranis Semrigeblur politikur kurss
iTvaliswinebda. igi, rogorc mmarTveli, Tavisufali Cans sparselTa
politikuri gavlenisagan. bizantielTa mxardaWeriT gamefebuli xos-
49
`moqcevaÁ qarTlisa¡~, Zveli qarTuli agiografiuli literaturis Zeglebi, I,
95.
50
iqve.
51
am gzaze meudabnoe mamaTa da saero xelisufalTa erTad svla rom nayofieri
iyo, amas IX saukunis udidesi saeklesio moRvawis – wm. grigol xanZTelisa da
wm. aSot kurapalatis erToblivi moRvaweobac adasturebs – erismTavr nerses
ojaxis wevri, samefo karTan daaxloebuli wm. mama grigoli qveynis gaZliereba-
gaerTianebis gzad monasticizms, saero da sasuliero mmarTvelTa erTi gziT
svlasa da, amis kvalad, eklesiis, rwmenis gaZlierebas saxavs.
ro II (591-628) Tavis imperiaSi da mis gavlenas daqvemdebarebul qvey-

nebSic qristianobisadmi keTilganwyobil atmosferos qmnis; meore
mxriv, bizantia mis Crdilo-aRmosavleT mdebare periferiis, lazikis
usafrTxoebis gamo qarTlis siZlieriTaa dainteresebuli – qarTlis
politikuri damoukidebloba irans xels SeuSlis brZola bizantiis
mosazRvre lazikas dasakuTrebisTvis wamoiwyos da amiT imperiis us-
afrTxoebas daemuqros. erismTavari amgvar saerTaSoriso politikur
viTarebas diplomatiurad iyenebs da qarTlis politikuri damoukide-
blobisaTvis ibrZvis. stefanoz I-is adreul monetebze wrexazSi moq-
ceuli hormizd IV-is (579-590) figuris Tanmxlebi, asomTavruliT qarag-
miT naweri sakuTari saxeli sfns – s(te)f(a)n(o)s mis mier politikuri da-
moukideblobisken mimavali sawyisi nabijia, xolo mogvianod, xosro II-is
zeobisas (591-628) moWril monetebze Sahis nacvlad Tavad stefanozis
figura da asomTavruliT, dauqaragmeblad, srulad naweri misi saxeli,
iseve rogorc mazdeanuri cecxlis nacvlad kvarcxlbekze aRmarTuli
jvris gamosaxuleba, erTpirovnuli mmarTvelobis gamomxatvelia (sur.
18). Tu guaramis erismTavrobis periodSi moWril monetebze gamkrTali
qarTuli warwerebi damoukideblobisaTvis brZolis sawyis niSnuls av-
lebs, stefanoz I-is monetebze warmodgenili mkafio asomTavruli warw-
erac da sazeimod aRmarTuli jvaric am brZolis erTgvar apoTeozad
Cndeba.52
erismTavari mcxeTis wm. jvris taZris agebas qarTlis da-
moukideblobis niSnad da ganmcxadeblad iwyebs. am taZris mSene-
blobas imave tipis eklesiebis aRmSenebloba mohyva qarTlSi (ateni),
kaxeTSi (SuamTa) da egrisSi (martvili). saqarTvelos mTels terito-
riaze gabneuli jvari-taZrebi `yovel qarTls~, mTlian qveyanas er-
Tobis niSniT beWdaven. rogorc Cans, stefanoz I-isa da mis TanamoR-
vaweTa Tvali erovnul instituciad saxavs teritoriul erTeuls
„romelsaca Sina qarTuliTa eniTa Jami Seiwirvis da locvai yoveli
aResrulebis~.53
52
d. kapanaZe, „ramdenime SeniSvna e.w. qarTul-sasanuri dramebis Sesaxeb“,
saqarTvelos ssr mecnierebaTa akademiis moambe, 6 (1945), 81-8; dundua, è.w. qarTul-
sasanuri monetebis problema da adrefeodaluri xanis saqarTvelos istoriis
safuZvlebi~, 97-109.
53
`SromaÁ da moRvawebaÁ grigolisi arqimandritisaÁ xancTisa da Satberdisa
aRmaSeneblisaÁ~, Zveli qarTuli agiografiuli literaturis Zeglebi, I (Tbilisi,
1963), 290.
mcxeTis wm. jvris taZari, romelic qveynis sarwmunoebis aRm-

sareblad da qarTlis politikuri arCevanis gamomxatveladac gvev-
lineba, imavdroulad, erismTavarTa zeobis erTgvar iuridiul
niSans warmoadgens. T. xundaZe mcxeTis wm. jvris taZris safasado
saqtitoro reliefebis ganxilvisas aRniSnavs, rom mcxeTis jvris
aRmosavleT fasadze warmodgenili kompozicia macxovrisa da mis
Tanmxleb stefanoz I-is gamosaxulebiT kurTxevis aqts gamoxatavs
da isini sulis xsnisa da vedreba-kurTxevasTan erTad, SesaZloa,
samefo xelisuflebis RvTaebrivi warmomavlobisa da uflis mier
xeldasxmulobis ideis gamoxatulebasac warmoadgendnen.54 marT-
lac, mcxeTis wm. jvris taZris fasadze gamokveTil erismTavarTa
saxlis wevrTa simravle aSkarad miuTiTebs, rom taZris amgebni sa-
kuTar Tavs ganacxadeben rogorc mis qtitorebad, ise RvTivkurTx-
eul samefo xelisufladac. eklesiis aRmosavleT fasadze ganTavse-
buli samnawiledi kompozicia warmogvidgens „mefeTa saydarze
mjdom“, uflis mier kurTxeul erismTavarTa saxls da ganadidebs,
ganacxadebs stefanozs, rogorc saxlis meTaursa da umaRles xe-
lisufals. mis orsav mxares gamosaxuli demetre, adarnase da
qobul-stefanozi, erTi mxriv, uflisken mimarTulni, vedreba-me-
oxebasTan dakavSirebul kompoziciur erTianobas warmogvidgenen,
meore mxriv ki, macxovarTan erTad stefanozsac miemarTebian, ro-
gorc uSualod erismTavarTa dinastiis xazis warmomadgenlebi da
misi memkvidreebi (sur. 18).
savaraudoa, rom mcxeTis jvris stela kompleqsis uSualo siax-
loves, mis samxreT-aRmosavleT nawilSi iyo ganTavsebuli,55 – oSoras,56
54
T. xundaZe, „Sua saukuneebis (VI-IX ss.) qarTuli saqtitoro reliefis
ikonografiuli variaciebi“, Academia, 2 (2011), 112-3.
55
SesaZloa amiT avxsnaT is faqti, rom qvajvaris svetis erTi gverdi Seumkobladaa
datovebuli. rogorc wesi, umetesad, saxeebian stelaze meoTxe gverdi mcenareuli
ornamentiT iyo gamSvenebuli, xolo mis fasads Seumkoblad xSirad im SemTxvevaSi
tovebdnen, Tu danarCeni sami gverdi ara scenebs, aramed mxolod ornaments eWira.
aqve unda aRiniSnos isic, rom, marTalia, wyaroebi mcxeTis jvris kompleqsis
msazRvravi galavnis mSeneblad erismTavar stefanoz II-s asaxeleben, taZris
teritoriaze winaqristianul xanaSi warmarTuli sataZro kompleqsis arsebobis
faqti (arqiteqtor-restavrator i. banZelaZis cnobiT; ix. zemoT, Sen. 46), ar
gamoricxavs imis SesaZleblobas, rom isic Tavis droze zRudiT iyo garemoculi.
56
erovnuli kulturuli memkvidreobis programa, saangariSo krebuli (Tbilisi,
1998), 24, nax. 25.
manxutis,57 giorgiwmindas,58 CunCxas,59 agaras,60 abalaras61 da sxva ekle-

siaTa garSemo gamovlenili qvajvarebi cxadyofs, rom isini, rogorc
wesi, taZris aRmosavleT mxares idgmeboda. aRniSnulidan gamomdin-
are, SesaZlo varaudTagan erT-erTi isaa, rom qvajvari wm. jvris taZ-
ris samxreT-aRmosavleTiT, safiqrebelia, misi agebis ganzraxulobis
gaCenis Semdgom aRmarTes; stela, SesaZloa, yofiliyo momlocvelTa
gzis nawili – gamoricxuli ar aris, rom mis siaxloves gadioda biliki,
romliTac momlocvelebi wm. ninos wyaros gavliT taZarSi adiodnen
(Sdr. sur. 28, 29 da 30).
qvajvari, mcxeTis wm. jvris taZarTan da mcire eklesias-
Tan erTad, warmoadgenda rogorc Sinaarsobrivi, ise mxatvruli
TvalsazrisiT gaazrebul erTian kompleqss, romelic Jamiswirvis
monawileT Tu momlocvelT am sakraluri adgilis mniSvnelovanebas
ganucxadebda.
mcxeTis wm. jvris taZari da mis uSualo siaxloves aRmarTuli
stela Sinaarsobrivad erTiandebian – orive simbolurad gamoxatavs
rwmenis aRiarebas, mis triumfs, imavdroulad ki qarTlis erTobas,
damoukideblobasa da erismTavarTa iurisdiqciis niSans warmoad-
gens.
qristianuli qarTlis erTianobis xatad naSeni taZris siaxloves
aRmarTuli qvajvariT (msgavsad missave monetaze gamosaxuli ste-
la-jvrisa) stefanoz I qristianobis gamarjvebis da, amasTan erTad,
erovnuli damoukideblobisaken swrafvas acxadebs. ostati stelaze
uflis gancxadebis/Teofaniis sadResaswaulo elferiT gamsWval-
ul scenas marTlmadideblobis gamarjvebis niSnad gamosaxavs; masve
miusadagebs jvris amaRlebis sauflo-sadResaswaulo scenas – saxe-
niSans uflis meored mosvlisa da saukuno meufebis momaswavebeli
simbolosas. qvajvarze aseve unda gamoesaxaT wminda asureli mama an
ubralod beri, saxed wm. ioane zedaznelisa, romelic wm. ninos gakval-
uli gzis gamgrZeleblad miiCneva – siriel meudabnoeTa winamZRolis
saxe, romelic qarTlSi erovnuli moZraobis erT-erT sulisCamdgme-
57
arqiteqtor-restavrator i. banZelaZis cnobiT.
58
Чубинашвили, Хандиси, 111, табл. 81-82; Чубинашвили, Шмерлинг, “Храмы в древних
cелениях Триалети – Олтиси и Тетри-цкаро”, 49, tab. 30 da 35.
59
javaxiSvili, adrefeodaluri xanis qarTuli stelebi, il. 289.
60
ix. Sen. 40, 124, il. 383.
61
ix. Sen. 40, il. 137.
lad gvevlineba. SesaZlebelia mcxeTis jvris stelaze aRbeWdili mow-

ese mama wm. Sio mRvimelis xatadaa nakveTi – gadmocemis Tanaxmad, misgan
`moiqca~ erismTavari – an ubralod warmogvidgens ganzogadoebuls
saxes meudabnoe asketisas, rogorc niSans mTeli krebulisas, romel-
mac asureli mamebis RvawliTa da mecadineobiT, maT mierve daarsebuli
monastrebis ZaliT, didad Seuwyo xeli qveynis ganmtkiceba-gaerTiane-
bas im rTul istoriul periodSi, roca wydeboda eris sarwmunoebrivi
gezisa da saxelmwifoebriobis sakiTxi.
1938 wels, mcxeTis wm. jvris taZris restavraciis procesSi gvi-

andeli kankelis daSlisas, aRmoCnda kvadratuli formis monacris-
fro qva, zomiT 69X46X37 sm. (sur. 19). igi gviandeli kankelis marcx-
ena (CrdiloeT) kuTxeSi iyo CaSenebuli.62 qvis erT, mTavar, waxnagze
asomTavruliT gamokveTilia mcxeTis wm. jvris taZris maSenebelTa,
stefanoz I patrikiosis, demetre, adarnase vipatosTa da erismTavar-
Ta saxlis mosaxsenebeli aTstriqoniani warwera, xolo mis gverdiT
waxnagze – somxuri warwera sam striqonad (sur. 20-23).63 qvas Camo-
texili aqvs zeda nawili, agreTve marjvena waxnagi, ris gamoc masze
datanili warwerebi srulad ar ikiTxeba – dakargulia maTi dasawy-
isi, saxeldobr, ori striqoni, agreTve qarTuli teqstis striqonTa
marcxena nawili, Sesabamisad – sawyisi ori-sami grafema TiToeul
striqonSi.
warweris Sesrulebis savaraudo periodad, grafemaTa paleo-
grafiis gaTvaliswinebiT, saxeldeba mcxeTis wm. jvris taZris agebis
wina xana (VI saukunis meore naxevari),64 an misi mSeneblobis dro (VI-VII
saukunis mijna,65 VII saukunis dasawyisi66).
62
qva aRmoaCina saqarTvelos ssr xelovnebis saqmeTa sammarTvelos kulturis
gamyofilebis eqspediciam arqeolog al. kalandaZis xelmZRvanelobiT.
63
Чубинашвили, Памятники Типа Джвари, 83.
64
iqve, 83; Sdr. qarTuli warwerebis korpusi, Seadgina da gamosacemad moamzada n.
SoSiaSvilma, I (Tbilisi, 1980), 96.
65
epistoleTa wigni, somxuri teqsti TargmaniT, gamokvleviTa da komentarebiT
gamosca z. aleqsiZem (Tbilisi, 1968), 176-80; М. Лордкипанидзе, “К вопросу о надписях
храма Джвари в Мцхета,” macne, istoriis, arqeologiis, eTnografiisa da xelovnebis
istoriis seria, 4 (1968), 190-200.
66
saqarTvelos saxelmwifo muzeumis qarTuli epigrafikuli Zeglebis katalogi,
Sedgenili da dasabeWdad momzadebuli a. baqraZisa da s. bolqvaZis mier (Tbilisi,
1953), 24; И. Абуладзе, “Замечания по поводу статьи П. Мурадяна “Армянская надпись храма
qvis Sesaxeb Tavdapirvelad daiwera g. CubinaSvilis monografiaSi

mcxeTis wm. jvris taZris Sesaxeb.67
qvas ori waxnagi Camomtvreuli aqvs; amis gamo asomTavruliT
Sesrulebuli teqsti arasruli saxiTaa moRweuli. al. kalandaZem misi
aRmoCenisTanave amoikiTxa warweris fragmentebSi erismTavarTa sax-
lis warmomadgenelTa saxelebi (sur. 20 da 22):
[…]ad stefa
[no]s patriki
[osi]sa demetr
[e Âp]atosisa a
[drn]erse Âpa
[tosi]sa soÂl
[Ta] da ÃorcT
[a m]aTTa meo
[xad?] da y[ov]lisa
[sax?]lisa mcv
[el?]ad68
[...]ad stefa|[no]]s patriki|[osi]]sa, demetr|[e Âp]]atosisa, a|[drn]-

erse Âpa|[tosi]]sa soÂl|[Ta]] da ÃorcT|[a m]]aTTa meo|[xad?]] da y[ov]-]
lisa | [sax?]]lisa mcv|[el?]]ad.
warweris sruli teqsti mkvlevarTa mier aRniSnuli periodis epi-

grafikuli masalis, saxeldobr, V-VII saukuneebiT daTariRebul ste-
laTa kvarcxlbekebze datanil warweraTa safuZvelze iqna aRdgenili;
Tumca, Tav-bolonakluli teqstis dasawyisisa da daboloebis aRdge-
nasTan dakavSirebiT arsebobs garkveuli sxvaobebi.
qarTuli warweris garda, qvis samxreT fasadze amokveTilia somx-
uri warwera, romlisganac darCenilia sami striqoni, agreTve mis qve-
Джвари,” macne, istoriis, arqeologiis, eTnografiisa da xelovnebis istoriis

seria, 4 (1968), 171-89.
67
Чубинашвили, Памятники Типа Джвари, 83; Абуладзе, “Замечания по поводу статьи П.
Мурадяна “Армянская надпись храма Джвари,” 171-89.
68
iqve, 57.
moT, mijriT – msxvili grafema Թ.69 warweras mkvlevarTa nawili70 gra

fitad miiCnevs (sur. 21 da 23):
[. . .]
[. . .] ՅՐԻ (an ՅՐԲ) ՓՐԿՈՒ[- - - - - - -]
ԱՏ[-]Կ[Ի] ՀՈԳՒ[- - ]
ԱՐՆՈՑ ԵՒՍ[. . .]
[. . .]յրի (an յրբ) փրկու[թեան յիշ]|ատ[ա]կ[ի] հոգւ[ոց] | արնոց եւս[. . .]
[. . .] saxsnelad, saxsenebelad sulTa [- - - - - -]ac71
69
iqve, 57; П. Мурадян, “Армянская надпись храма Джвари,” Լրաբէր Հասարակական
Գիտությունների, 2 (1968), 56-79; misive, Армянская эпиграфика Грузии. Картли и Кахети
(Ереван, 1985), 21, таб. I,1.
70
Чубинашвили, Памятники Типа Джвари, 83-4.
71
somxuri warweris wakiTxva da savaraudo Targmani ekuTvnis armenolog irma
xositaSvils.
arsebobs warweris wakiTxvis sxva ori varianti.
p. muradianis MmixedviT: [...] | [...]ՅՐԻ ՓՐԿՈՒ[- - - - - - -]| ԱՏԿԻ ՀՈԳՒ[- -] | ԱՐՆՈՑ ԵՒՍ
- [...] | [...]ՅՐԻ ՓՐԿՈՒ[ԹԵԱՆ ՅԻՇ] | ԱՏԿԻ ՀՈԳՒ[ՈՑ] | ԱՐՆՈՑ ԵՒՍ - “... во спасение [. . . .]
а, а также в память рода” (Мурадян, “Армянская надпись храма Джвари,” 59; misive, Армянская
эпиграфика Грузии. Картли и Кахети, 21).
il. abulaZis mixedviT: [...] | [...]ՅՍ Ի ՓՐԿՈՒ[Թ~Ի ԵՒ ՅԻՇ]|ԱՏ<Ա>Կ ՀՈԳՒ[ՈՑ ԵՒ
Մ]|ԱՐ(Մ)ՆՈՑ ԵՒ - [ԿԱՆԳՆԵՑԱՒ ԽԱՉՍ Ա]ՅՍ Ի ՓՐԿՈՒ[Թ~Ի ԵՒ ՅԻՇ]ԱՏ<Ա>Կ ՀՈԳՒ[ՈՑ
ԵՒ Մ]ԱՐ<Մ>ՆՈՑ ԵՒ - `[aRemarTa juari e]se sa£snelad (an: sa£srad) da sa£seneblad
sulTa da £orcTa da...~. mkvlevaris azriT, grafema Թ wlis an TariRis aRsaniSnavad
unda amoekveTaT (թուին/թվին/թուականութեան) (Абуладзе, “Замечания по поводу статьи П.
Мурадяна: «Армянская надпись храма джвари»,” 181-2).
il. abulaZe postamentisa da misi warwerebTan dakavSirebiT p. muradianis mier
Seqmnili Teoriis ganxilvisas, sxva mxareebTan erTad, yuradRebas amaxvilebs
somexi mkvlevaris mosazrebaze, romlis mixedviTac somxur warweraSi motanili
sityva ԱՐՆՈՑ aris `արիւն”-is (`sisxlis”) mravlobiTi ricxvis naTesaobiTi brunvis
saxecvlili, dialeqturi forma, radgan gramatikuli normis mixedviT, արիւն-is
mravlobiTi ricxvis naTesaobiTi brunvis forma unda iyos արեանց, p. muradians
ki is dialeqturi formisken mihyavs da ase kiTxulobs: արիւն–›արին/արուն–›արնոյ
(nacvlad literaturuli formisa արեան)–› արնոց (mr.r; naT. br.).
aRiSnuli sityva msgavsi saxiT rom dasturdebodes sxva werilobiT wyarosa
Tu epigrafikul warweraSi, p. muradiani mas iqve moitanda sakuTari mosazrebis
gansamtkiceblad. es garemoeba imaze unda metyvelebdes, rom aRniSnuli wakiTxva
da, Sesabamisad, mosazreba mcdaria.
muradianisgan gansxvavebiT, abulaZe grafemaTa erTobliobas ԱՐՆՈՑ kiTxulobs
rogorc ՄԱՐՄՆՈՑ-s (£orcTa). igi pirvelsa da meoTxe grafemebs Մ-d aRadgens.
imave waxnagis Sua monakveTze, somxuri warweris Camoswvriv, amo-

kawrulia momlocvelis mier qarTuli asomTavruliT Sesrulebuli
ori momcro grafema io – io.
qvaze amokveTilma saqtitoro warweram, mcxeTis wm. jvris aRmSene-
blebis – stefanoz I patrikiosis, demetre da adarnase vipatosebis
moxseniebiT ganapiroba qvis fragmentisa da eklesiis ganxilva erT
mTlianobad; Sesabamisad, g. CubinaSvilma miiCnia, rom igi taZris cen-
trSi, oqtagonalur kvarcxlbekze aRmarTuli jvris postamentis
nawili unda yofiliyo. mkvlevaris azriT, mcxeTis Zelicxoveli idga
qvaze, romelzec erismTavarTa saqtitoro warwera iyo nakveTi, salx-
ineblis qveS moqceul Zelicxovels ki gars evleboda marmarilos
filebiT qmnili, dabali, oqtagonaluri formis, balustrada.72
g. CubinaSvilis varaudi mcxeTis wm. jvris taZarSi Zelicxovlis
balustradis arsebobis Taobaze saeWvo xdeba sxvadasxva garemoebaTa
gaTvaliswinebiT; maTgan umTavresi marmarilos filis adreqristian-
uli zRude-kankelis fragmentad moazrebaa – Cans, mcxeTis wm. jvris
taZars, qristianuli aRmosavleTisa Tu adreuli xanis konstantine-
poluri bazilikebis Tanagvarad, amkobda marmarilos kankeli, ro-
melic eklesiis sivrces sakralur/saRvTismsaxuro da sadag/samrev-
lo nawilebad hyofda.73 meore, mniSvnelovani garemoeba, romelic am
mosazrebis marTebulobas gamoricxavs, Tavad mcxeTis Zelicxovlisa
da postamentad saxeldebuli qvis fragmentis erTobis taZris Sida
sivrcesTan mimarTebaa.
wm. ninos mier mcxeTaSi, TxoTsa da ujarmaSi aRmarTul jvrebs
Cvenamde Tavdapirveli saxiT ar mouRwevia; amasTanave, maTi gareg-
nuli saxis Taobaze mxolod mwiri istoriuli cnobebi moipoveba. wm.
samebis sakaTedro taZarsa da sveticxovlis kaTedralSi dabrZanebuli,
TxoTisa da mcxeTis Zelicxovlis saxeliT cnobili, jvrebi, savarau-
dod, pirvandeli, wm. ninos mier aRmarTuli jvrebis fragmentebia.
aRniSnuls adasturebs X saukunis naratiuli wyaro – kaTolikos arseni
aRniSnuli Tvalsazrisi sruliad logikuria, Tumca sakiTxis sirTulis

gaTvaliswinebiT winamdebare publikaciaSi warweris bolo monakveTi
gauSifravadaa datovebuli.
72
g. CubinaSvili balustradis fragmentad miiCnevda 1938 wels gamovlenil,
mcxeTis jvris sakurTxevlis iatakis filaqnad nageb marmarilos filas; ix.
73
n. sixaruliZe, `mcxeTis wm. jvris taZris Tavdapirveli kankelisaTvis~,
humanitaruli kvlevebi. weliwdeuli, 6 (2015) (ibeWdeba).
seuli `cxovreba wminda ninosi~, sadac mcxeTis Zelicxoveli wm. ninos

vazis jvris sanawiledaa moxseniebuli.74 aRniSnulidan gamomdinare ud-
aoa, rom X saukuneSi jvari zomiT dRevandels bevrad aRemateboda; unda
vivaraudoT, rom pirvandeli saxiT igi sam metrze naklebi simaRlisa ar
unda yofiliyo, rasac, ra Tqma unda, misi aRmarTebis erT-erTi mizanic
ganapirobebda – mTaze aRmarTuli jvari, rogorc simbolo, gacxadeba
qarTlis moqcevisa, yvela mxridan saxilveli unda yofiliyo. aRniS-
nuli ki Zelicxovelisa da mis postamentad nagulvebi qvis fragmentis
urTierTmimarTebisaTvisaa sayuradRebo – qvaSi amokveTili foso masSi
masiuri jvris mosaTavseblad sakmarisi zomisa ar Cans.
warweriani qvisa da mcxeTis Zelicxovlis erT mTlianobad moazre-
ba, teqnikurTan erTad, mxatvruli TvalsazrisiTac saeWvo Cans. mcxe
Tis wm. jvris taZris mxatvruli saxis kvlevisas gacxadda – xuroT-
moZRvarma eklesia im mizandasaxulobiT dakvala, rom Zelicxoveli
mxilvelisaTvis gumbaTqveSa sivrces SenivTeboda; Sesabamisad,
SemaRlebuli proporciebis mqone qva, mis Tavze masiuri jvari, zemoT
ki ara `zemswrafi~ gumbaTi TvalisaTvis sivrceSi Zlierad gamoxatul
vertikals Seqmnida, rac gawonasworebuli, mwyobri proporciebis
mqone taZris wiaRSi sivrcis mSvidsa da harmoniul aRqmas daarRvevda.
aRniSnulis gaTvaliswinebiT mcxeTis jvris postamentad saxeldebu-
li qvis, Zelicxovlisa da taZris gumbaTis urTierTmimarTeba formisa
da proporciebis gancdis im xasiaTs ar iTvaliswinebs, riTac mcxeTis
jvrisa da misi tipis eklesiebi gamoirCeva. amasTanave, zemoT aRniSnu-
lis sapirispirod, mcxeTis wm. jvris taZris Sida sivrcis mxatvrul
saxes Zelicxovlis kvarcxlbekad oqtagonis warmodgena savsebiT esi-
tyveba – masiuri rvakuTxa nagebobis sibrtyobrioba gumbaTqveS moq-
ceuli jvris vertikalis aRqmas anelebs, rasac, Tavis mxriv, mklavSo-
risebidan trompebiT gardamavali gumbaTis `damjdari” proporciebi
exmianeba – oqtagonaluri postamentis, Zelicxovlisa da rvawaxnaga
gumbaTis urTierTobiT iqmneba is erTiani mxatvruli sivrce, romelic
Zelicxovels eklesiis organul nawilad, xolo taZars mis luskumad
warmoadgens (Sdr. sur. 25 da 26).
wm. ninos mier aRmarTuli jvris postamentad masiuri safuZvlis
warmodgenas, zemoT aRniSnulis garda, ganamtkicebs nageboba, romelic
74
cxovreba wmida ninosi Sedgenili didis arseni qarTlis kaTalikozis mier X
saukuneSi (Tfilisi, 1903), 39.
erwo-TianeTSi, JaleTis taZarSia SemorCenili.75 man mcxeTis jvrisagan

gansxvavebiT, Cvenamde pirvandeli saxiT moaRwia. mkvlevarTa nawili
varaudobs, rom igi eklesiis Tanadroulad unda iyos agebuli;76 Tumca,
arc isaa gamoricxuli, rom Sereuli masaliT – SirimiTa da riyis qviT
nagebi SemaRleba Tavad eklesiaze adreuli iyos.77
niSandoblivia, rom JaleTic, mcxeTis jvris msgavsad, wminda ninos
saxelTanaa dakavSirebuli – `moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁs~ mixedviT, qarTvel-
Ta ganmanaTlebelma erwo-Tianelni am midamoebSi gaaqristiana.78 aRniS-
nulis gaTvaliswinebiT ki gamoricxuli ar aris, rom moqcevis niSnad
iqac aRemarTaT jvari, romelic, mcxeTis Zelicxovlis msgavsad, Ria
cis qveS idga manam, sanam IX saukunis miwuruls JaleTis taZaris wiaRSi
ar moeqca.79 gamoTqmul varauds ganamtkicebs is faqtic, rom JaleTis
eklesiis heqsagoni principulad mcxeTis jvris oqtagonis msgavsia80
– heqsagonis sibrtyeSic, mcxeTis jvris oqtagonis msgavsad, arsebobs
CaRmaveba, romelic, rogorc Cans, jvris an stelis Casadgmelad iyo
gankuTvnili.
mcxeTis jvris postamentis msgavs nagebobad JaleTis heqsagonis
75
n. qadeiSvili, JaleTis xuroTmoZRvruli Zegli (Tbilisi, 1964), 14.
76
nageboba taZris arqiteqturaSia CarTuli, moqceulia aRmosavleTis burjebs
Soris da uSualod dakavSirebulia sakurTxevelTan.
77
aRniSnulTan dakavSirebiT niSandoblivia JaleTis eklesiaSi aRmoCenili
adreuli xanis sanaTlavi (ix. Sen. 27).
78
Zveli qarTuli agiografiuli literaturis Zeglebi, I, 89.
79
Cans, mcxeTis jvris taZris arqiteqtoris msgavsad, JaleTis eklesiis
xuroTmoZRvaric jvarsa da mis kvarcxlbeks taZris Sida sivrceSi organulad
aTavsebs. jvris postamenti odnav gadanacvlebulia afsidisken da safexurebTan
erTad dasavleTidan aRmosavleTiT wagrZelebul moculobas qmnis, rac,
upirvelesad, bazilikuri sivrcis mimarTebiTaa gaazrebuli; amave dros,
safexuris meSveobiT, igi dakavSirebulia sakurTxevelTan da organuladaa
CarTuli liturgiaSi.
80
amasTan dakavSirebiT sayuradReboa arqiteqtor-restavrator i. banZelaZis
mosazreba. mis mixedviT, TxoTis eklesiis arqeologiuri gaTxrebisas aRmoCnda
CuqurTmiani qvis fragmenti, romelsac igi mcxeTis Zelicxovlis kvarcxlbekis
Tanagvarad jvris postamentis nawilad miiCnevs. aRniSnuli varaudis dadasturebis
SemTxvevaSi SesaZlebeli xdeba saubari garkveuli tradiciis Sesaxeb, romlis
mixedviTac mcxeTis Zelicxovlis kvalad wm. ninos mier aRmarTuli jvrebi,
rogorc relikviebi, maTTvis gankuTvnili sagangebo nagebobiT gamoyofilni,
taZris Sida sivrceSi ikaveben adgils.
aqve unda aRiniSnos isic, rom mkvlevarTa nawili qvis fragments gumbaTis
SemkulobisaTvis kuTvnilad miiCnevs. ix: g. maxaraZe, d. berekaSvili, àrqeologi
uri gaTxrebi, TxoTis mTa, wm. ninos eklesia~, Zveli xelovneba dRes, 3 (2012), 3-6.
dasaxva SesaZlebels xdis vivaraudoT, rom taZris agebis dros mcx-

eTis Zelicxovlis safuZveli masiur nagebobas warmoadgenda da dRe-
vandeli oqotogonis formas imeorebda; aRniSnuls ki, sxva danarCen-
Tan erTad, wminda miwisiTvis Cveuli is tradicia ganamtkicebs, rom-
lis mixedviTac Ria cis qveS arsebuli siwmindeebis safarad xSirad
oqtagonaluri gegmis mqone nagebobebi iyo gavrcelebuli.
niSandoblivia, rom g. CubinaSvilis varaudi taZarSi aRmarTuli
jvris garSemo oqtagonaluri balustradis arsebobis Taobaze ieru-
salimur relikviaTa luskumad qmnili nagebobis formebs iTval-
iswinebda. 81 maT Soris, ra Tqma unda, umTavresia qristes saflavis
nageboba (Sdr. sur. 27) da eleonis mTaze agebuli uflis amaRlebis
eklesia, romelic, gadmocemiT, macxovris nafexurebs inaxavs. pili-
grimi qalis, egerias Canawerebis mixedviT (381-384) Cans, rom isini wri-
ul/oqtagonalur nagebobas, svetebian rotondas warmoadgendnen, ro-
melic gumbaTiT iyo gadaxuruli.82 macxovris saxelTan dakavSirebul
siwmindeebze aRmarTuli, adreqristianuli xanis nagebobebi safuZv-
els gvaZlevs vivaraudoT, rom mcxeTis Zelicxoveli, sxva pirvelqris-
tianuli relikviebis msgavsad, daculi iyo rotondas msgavsi, oqtag-
onaluri gegmis, svetebiT garSemortymuli da gumbaTiT gadaxuruli
nagebobiT; igi, erTi mxriv, Ria cis qveS aRmarTul Zelicxovels atmos-
feruli naleqebisagan icavda, meore mxriv ki xatovnad ganacxadebda
mis kavSirs golgoTas jvarTan da sxva ierusalimur siwmindeebTan.
gamoTqmul varauds ganamtkicebs istoriul wyaroTa monacemebic, sa-
dac vkiTxulobT: `...guls-modgined gumbadi aRaSena mcxeTisaÁ revis
Zeman, da wliTi-wlad movidis da aRasrulis msaxurebaÁ igi patiosnisa
juarisaÁ~;83 aqedan Cans, rom wminda miwis Tanafardad, mcxeTis jvris
relikvariumSic aResruleboda RvTismsaxureba, romelic, qarTuli
liturgikuli tradiciis Sesabamisad, ierusalimuri Jamiswirvis wes-
gangebas iTvaliswinebda.
amgvarad, jvris oqtagonaluri postamentisa da rvawaxnaga gum-
baTis urTierTmimarTeba im organul mTlianobasa da harmoniulobis
aRqmas eTanxmeba, rac mcxeTis wm. jvrisa da misi tipis eklesiebisaT-
visaa niSandoblivi – taZris gumbaTqveSa sivrcis erTianobas ki jvris
81
82
Egeria’s Travels, Newly translated with Supporting Documents and Notes by John Wilkinson,
(Warminster, 1981), 39-42, 49-51, 242-8
83
Zveli qarTuli agiografiuli literaturis Zeglebi, I, 123.
saZirkvlisa da mis Tavze arsebuli gumbaTis urTierToba qmnis. Sesa-

bamisad, udaoa, rom mcxeTis wm. jvris taZarSi moqceuli Zelicxovlis
safuZveli Tavidanve rvakuTxa iyo; Cans, manve ganapiroba eklesiis
gumbaTis formac, magram oqtagonaluri postamenti iqmneboda ara
marmarilos dafiT qmnili balustradiT (rogorc amas g. CubinaSvili
varaudobs), aramed ierusalimuri relikvariumebis msgavsi rotondis
saZirkvels warmoadgenda, romelic Ria cis qveS aRmarTul jvars far-
avda manamde, sanam aq didi taZari ar aigeboda.
safiqrebelia, rom mogvianod, roca Zelicxovlis luskumad Ta-
vad mcxeTis wm. jvris eklesia iqca, rotonda daSales, moxsnes TaRi
da svetebi, magram datoves misi rvawaxnaga saZirkveli, radgan adgili,
romelzec jvari aRimarTa, qarTvelTaTvis Tavad mcxeTis Zelicxov-
lis Tanafardi siwminde iyo da wm. ninos mier gamorCeul adgils, jvris
kldovan safuZvels inaxavda.84 Sesabamisad, xuroTmoZRvarma Zelicxov-
lis aRmarTebis adgilis gaTvaliswinebiT dakvala da aago taZari ise,
rom wm. ninos droindeli jvris kvarcxlbeki adgilidan ar dauZvria.
aRniSnuli ki gamoricxavs marTebulobas im varaudisa, romlis mixed-
viTac TiTqos eklesiis agebis Semdgom Zelicxoveli xelaxla aRmarTes
qvaze, romelzec erismTavarTa mosaxsenebeli saqtitoro warwera iyo
amokveTili. garda amisa, isic niSandoblivia, rom nakleb mosalodne-
lia erismTavrebs ara mxolod qarTlis, aramed mTlianad kavkasiisaT-
vis saTayvano siwminde – mcxeTis Zelicxoveli ase erTmniSvnelovnad
ganepirovnulebinaT da mis postamentze datanili warweriT sakuTari
saqtitoro RvawlisaTvis daekavSirebinaT.
warweriani qvis Zelicxovlis postamentad saxeldeba saeWvo xde-
ba mcxeTis wm. jvris taZris interieris mxatvruli saxidan gamomdi-
narec. marTalia, mcxeTis wm. jvris taZris saguldagulod Tlili
qvebisagan qmnili klasikurad cxadi, mTliani Sida sivrce ar iTval-
iswinebda ferwerul `Sesamosels~, magram eklesiis gumbaTSi relief-
urad gamoyvanili jvari ganacxadebs, rom igi sakurTxevelSi warmod-
genil, savaraudod, Teofaniuri sazrisiT aRbeWdil gamosaxulebas-
Tan erTad im kompoziciur erTobas qmnida, rac adreuli Sua sauku-
84
ra Tqma unda, Cven Sors varT im azrisagan, rom dRes taZarSi SemorCenili
nageboba adreqristianuli rotondis saZirkvelia, magram Cans, rom igi imeorebs im
formas, romelic Tavdapirvel, taZris sivrceSi moqceuli jvris postaments unda
hqonoda.
neebis qarTuli mxatvrobisaTvisaa saxasiaTo.85 aRniSnulidan gamom-

dinare, mcxeTis wm. jvris mcire eklesiaSi dadasturebulad cnobili
mozaikis arseboba86 safiqrebels xdis, rom didi taZris sakurTxevel-
ic mozaikiT yofiliyo Semkuli.87 mozaikasTan erTad marmarilos
ornamentirebuli zRude-kankeli eklesiis samkauls zomiers, amas-
Tan erismTavarTa saqtitoro RvawlisaTvis Sesaferi simdidriTa da
brwyinvalebiT warmoaCenda. albaT aRniSnuls Tan erTvoda eklesiis
wiaRSi aRmarTuli jvris Semkulobac, romelic, Zelicxovlis mniS-
vnelovanebidan gamomdinare, gamorCeulad Zvirfasi da daxvewili
unda yofiliyo. mcxeTis wm. jvris taZris interieris bizantiur mx-
atvrul gemovnebasTan Tanaziar morTulobas ki mis fasadebze ganfe-
nil-ganawilebuli, elinisturs naziarebi formaTgancdiT nakveTi da
Zvirfasi saRebaviT gacxovelebuli reliefebi esityveboda. amgvari
brwyinvalebiT warmodgenil garemoSi ki saTuo xdeba taZris gamor-
Ceul adgilas, mdidrulad Semkuli jvris kvarcxlbekad im qvis miC-
neva, romelic mxolod xazgasmuli sisadaviT nakveTi warweriTaa
Semkuli.
Sesabamisad, g. CubinaSviliseuli mosazreba warweriani qvis frag-
mentis mcxeTis Zelicxovlis postamentad miCnevisa mraval kiTxvis ni-
Sans svams, rac, Tavis mxriv, gansxvavebuli varaudis gamoTqmis safuZ-
vels iZleva.
sagulisxmoa, rom samecniero literaturaSi ukve gamoiTqva
varaudi, romlis mixedviTac warweriani qva ara mcxeTis wm. jvris
postamentad, aramed stelis bazisadaa warmodgenili.88 qvis stelis
kvarcxlbekad moazrebiT ki TavisTavadi xdeba taZris teritoriaze
napovni qvasvetis fragmentisa da aRniSnuli qvis urTierTmimarTeba –
Sesabamisad Cndeba kiTxva: xom ar SeiZleba, rom isini erTi qvajvaris
nawilebad miviCnioT.
85
z. sxirtlaZe, adreuli Sua saukuneebis qarTuli kedlis mxatvroba, Telovanis
jvarpatiosani da misi freskebi (Tbilisi, 2008), 65-6.
86
Чубинашвили, Памятники типа Джвари, 12.
87
Z. Skhirtladze, “Early Medieval Georgian Monumental Painting: Establishment of the System of
Church Decoration,” Oriens Christianus, 81 (1997), 170-1.
88
qarTuli warwerebis korpusi, I, 95; v. jafariZe, adreuli Sua saukunebis
arqeologiuri Zeglebi qvemo qarTlidan (Tbilisi, 1982), 58.
narkvevis pirvel nawilSi mcxeTis wm. jvris taZarSi aRmoCenili,

postamentad saxeldebuli, qvisa da masze amokveTili warwerebis mona-
cemebisgan damoukideblad, mxatvrul-stilisturi analiziTa da isto-
riuli diskursis meSveobiT gamoiTqva varaudi, rom mcxeTis wm. jvris
stelis fragmenti uflis didebisa da mowesis – savaraudod, asurel
mamaTagan erT-erTis – gamosaxulebiT VI-VII saukuneebSi Sesrulda.
stelaze nakveTi mxatvruli saxeebis istoriuli SinaarsiT gaazrebam
da stefanoz I-is politikuri kursis gaanalizebam qvajvaris aRmarTeba
mcxeTis wm. jvris eklesiis maSenebel erismTavars daukavSira. saqarT-
veloSi eklesiaTa agebis win stelebis aRmarTvis Cveulebam qvajvaris
Seqmnis savaraudo qronologiuri monakveTi ufro daaviwrova da igi
mcxeTis wm. jvris taZris agebis wina periodiT gansazRvra. aRniSnuli
mosazrebebi postamentad saxeldebul qvaze Sesrulebulma qarTulma
saqtitoro warweram ufro metad ganamtkica; Sesabamisad, TavisTavadi
gaxda kiTxva – xom araa qvisa da stelis svetis nawili erTi qvajvaris
fragmentebi?
dasmul kiTxvaze pasuxis gasacemad – mcxeTis wm. jvris taZarSi aR-
moCenili warweriani qvisa da stelis svetis erTianobis gasaazreblad
ramdenime aspeqtis gaTvaliswinebaa mniSvnelovani.
a. am mxriv mravalmxriv sagulisxmo Cans qvis jiSi – es im faqtorTa-
gania, romelsac orive fragmentis erTi mTlianobis nawilad gaazrebi-
sas arsebiTi mniSvneloba eniWeba. amasTan dakavSirebiT sagulisxmoa
is, rac postamentad saxeldebuli qvisa da stelis svetis petrografi-
ulma analizma cxadyo – orive maTgani oligocenuri qviSaqvaa, ro-
melic, savaraudod, erT karierSi, mcxeTis wm. jvris taZris mimdebare
teritoriaze Cans mopovebuli.89
b. mcxeTis wm. jvris taZarSi gamovlenili warweriani qvis stelis
kvarcxlbekad moazrebas qvis zeda waxnagze arsebuli kvadratuli fo-
soc ganamtkicebs. igi avTenturia. sruli saxiT SemorCenil qarTul
qvajvrebze – afnias, dankalis, aralis, agaras, kumurdos, areSis ste-
lebze90 dakvirveba cxadyofs, rom kvadratuli (zogjer marTkuTxa)
formis qvebze arsebuli amgvari fosoebi stelaTa aRsamarTavad iyo
gamiznuli. msgavsi formisa da zomis fosoebia amokveTili dmanisisa
89
madlobiT gvinda aRvniSnoT, rom aRniSnul sakiTxSi daxmareba gagviwies
geologiis mecnierebaTa doqtorebma – daviT zaqaraiam da onise enuqiZem.
90
g. javaxiSvili, adrefeodaluri xanis qarTuli stelebi (Tbilisi, 1998), tab.
CXX, sur. 1; tab. CXVI, sur. 1, 2, 3; tab. CXIV, sur. 4; tab. CII, sur. 1.
(V-VI ss.),91 wyises (VI s.),92 ukangorisa (VI s.)93 da pantianis (VII s. meore
naxevari)94 midamoebSi gamovlenil qvebzec, romlebic samecniero lit-
eraturaSi stelis bazisebadaa moazrebuli. yovelive aRniSnulidan
gamomdinare savaraudoa, rom mcxeTis wm. jvris taZarSi gamovlenili
warweriani qvac warmoadgens stelis kvarcxlbeks, romelSic foso
stelis svetis Casadgmelad unda amoekveTaT.
g. mcxeTis wm. jvris taZarSi aRmoCenili warweriani qvisa da iqve
napovni stelis svetis fragmentis erT Zeglad warmodgenisaTvis say-
uradReboa maTi zomebi, ramdenadac maT mixedviT xdeba SesaZlebeli
qvajvaris pirvandeli saxisa da misi aRmarTebis adgilmdebareobis
SeZlebisdagvarad warmodgena.
kvarcxlbekis zomaa – 69/74x37x46 sm,95 mis zeda mxares arsebuli fo-
sos siRrme – 14 sm. qvis zeda nawili Camotexilia; dakarguli, sul mcire,
ori striqonis mixedviT qvis zeda nawils daaxloebiT 10 sm unda akldes.
aRniSnulidan gamomdinare, savaraudoa, rom kvadratuli moxazulobis,
daaxl. 22x22 sm fosos Tavdapirveli siRrme 24 sm unda yofiliyo. stel-
is svetis fragmentis zomaa 38X21X21 sm. Sesabamisad, igi kargad esadage-
ba kvarcxlbekad miCneuli qvis zeda waxnagze arsebuli fosos zomebs.
stelis fragmentis qveda waxnagze amokveTili foso cxadyofs,
rom igi svetis Semadgenel nawilTagan erT-erTi, savaraudod, zeda
unda yofiliyo.96 mis wina pirze, uflis didebis kompoziciis zemoT na-
kveTi registris kvali safiqrebels xdis, rom mas SemorCenili nawilis
Tanagvari zomis naxevari mainc aklia. Sesabamisad, SegviZlia vivarau-
doT, rom ori nawilisagan Semdgari stela, sul mcire, 2 metri simaR-
lisa mainc unda yofiliyo (sur. 24).97
91
qarTuli warwerebis korpusi, I, 92-3, sur. 28, tab. XIV, 1, 2.
92
qarTuli warwerebis korpusi, I, 97-8, sur. 31, tab. XVII, 1; saqarTvelos saxelmwifo
muzeumis qarTuli epigrafikuli Zeglebis katalogi, 19, tab. IV, 2.
93
qarTuli warwerebis korpusi, I, 89-90, sur. 26, tab. XIII, 2; jafariZe, adreuli Sua
saukunebis arqeologiuri Zeglebi qvemo qarTlidan, 58.
94
qarTuli warwerebis korpusi, I, 99-100, sur. 32, tab. XIX, 1-2; Чубинашвили, Хандиси,
53-4; jafariZe, adreuli Sua saukunebis arqeologiuri Zeglebi qvemo qarTlidan,
59.
95
qarTuli warwerebis korpusi, I, 95.
96
aRniSnuls svetis fragmentze Sesrulebuli jvris amaRlebis kompozicia
cxadyofs, romelic, rogorc wesi, Sveulad ganlagebul scenaTa rigSi zeda
adgils iWers.
97
savaraudoa, rom stelis svetis erTi nawili Tavdapirveli saxiT, sul mcire,
80 sm simaRlisa mainc unda yofiliyo. nakleb mosalodnelia, erismTavrebs
mcxeTis jvris qvajvari (kvarcxlbekica da svetis fragmentic)

im mxatvrul-stilisturi niSniTaa aRbeWdili, rac mcxeTis wm. jvris
taZars adreqristianuli qarTuli xelovnebis nimuSTagan niSan-
doblivad gamoarCevs. stelis warmodgenil fragmentze reliefebis
cudi daculobis gamo dRes Znelia msjeloba imis Taobaze, ramdenad
esadageboda misi mamkobi saxeebi formis damuSavebiTa da Sesrulebis
profesionalizmis mxriv qarTlis umaRles xelisufalTa dakveTas,
ramac taZris aRnagobisa da misi dekoris gamorCeulad maRali mxat-
vruli done ganapiroba; Tumca ki, elinisturi formaTgancdiTa da xa-
zis plastikuri xasiaTiT, mcxeTis jvris stela taZris skulpturul
saxeTa mxatvrul niSnebs namdvilad exmianeba. sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT
isic niSandoblivia, rom stelebisa da taZrebis reliefTaTvis gansx-
vavebuli saxviTi niSnebia damaxasiaTebeli; stelaTa qvajvrebis aR-
beWdili gamosaxulebebi TvalisTvis Soridan aRsaqmelad naklebadaa
gankuTvnili, fasadebis samkaulad warmodgenili saxeebi ki meti monu-
menturobiT gamoirCeva da kveTis, formis damuSavebis mxriv stelebze
nakveTi figurebisgan gansxvavebul midgomas amJRavnebs. gasaTval-
iswinebelia isic, rom Tavad mcxeTis wm. jvris taZris reliefebis sti-
luri araerTgvarovneba98 kvlevis procesSi erTmniSvnelovan gansaz-
Rvrebas gamoricxavs.
qvajvarisa da eklesiis gamosaxulebebis mxatvrul mimarTebaTa
Sesaxeb msjeloba mxolod formaTgancdis TanagvarobiT ar ifargleba;
stelis kvarcxlbekze nakveTi warwerebis zedmiwevniTi paleografi-
uli msgavseba taZris reliefTa Tanmxleb teqstebTan gaxda safuZveli
mosazrebisa, romlis mixedviTac orive maTganze nakveTi warwerebis
Semsruleblad erTidaigive ostati iqna miCneuli.99 safiqrebelia,
rom qvajvaris Seqmnaze ostatTa is jgufi muSaobda, romelTa nawilic
didi simaRlis stela aRemarTaT; masiuri zomis grZivi nageboba arc mis
adgilmdebareobas mouxdeboda da arc iqve aRmarTul taZars, romlis erT-erTi
Rirseba garemos mimarT zedmiwevniTi Sesabamisobaa. garda amisa, SemorCenili
magaliTebi cxadyofs, rom, rogorc wesi, gamorCeulad didi zomis stelebi
velebzea aRmarTuli.
98
aRniSnuli saCinoa, Tundac eklesiis samxreT fasadze warmodgenili macxovrisa
da jvris amaRlebis saxeebis Sedarebisas; taZris centraluri karibWis reliefi,
samxreTi fasadis dasavleT monakveTze warmodgenili gamosaxulebisagan
gansxvavebiT, kompoziciis Tavisufali agebiT, xazis meti plastikiTa da sirbiliT
xasiaTdeba.
99
Tanadroulad an Semdgom mcxeTis wm. jvris taZris mSeneblobaSi iReb-

da monawileobas. niSneulad es qvismTlelebsa da warweraTa mkveTavebs
exeba. erTi ki udaoa, rom taZrisa da stelis momgebelTa – stefanoz
I-isa da erismTavarTa saxlis garSemo Semokrebili unda yofiliyo
mSenebelTa da xelovanTa garkveuli jgufi, romelic, sakuTriv stel-
isa da wm. jvris taZris garda, qarTlis xelisufalTa sxva dakveTeb-
sac Seasrulebda. erismTavarTa saqtitoro Rvawlis mniSvnelovanebis
gaTvaliswinebiT, SesaZloa, maTi ricxvi bevrad meti, Sedegi ki aranak-
leb masStaburi yofiliyo.
mcxeTis wm. jvris taZrisa da qvajvaris urTierTmimarTebis war-
modgenisaTvis, mxatvruli niSnebis TanaziarobasTan erTad, sagulisx-
moa maTi saerTo Sinaarsobrivi konteqstis gaazrebac, romelsac ste-
lis svetze asaxul ikonografiul programasTan erTad kvarcxlbekze
nakveTi warwerac ganapirobebs.
rogorc aRiniSna, stelis bazisis Zlieri dazianebis gamo, masze
datanili teqsti naklulia; amis gamo arsebobs misi aRdgenis ramden-
ime varianti.
warweris pirveli ori striqoni ar Semonaxula, amitom mas,
Tanagvari epigrafikuli Zeglebis mixedviT, sxvadasxvagvarad kiTxu-
loben; arsebobs warweris dasawyisis aRdgenis ori, a. SaniZisa da g.
CubinaSviliseuli versia; maTgan mkvlevarTa umetesoba SaniZis mier
SemoTavazebul variants eTanxmeba:
[SewevniTa RmrTisaÁTa aRxemarTa juari ese salocvel]ad... (a.
SaniZe)100
[SewevniTa RmrTisaÁTa SevamkeviT juari ese salocvel]]ad... (g.
CubinaSvili)101
aRniSnulTan dakavSirebiT sagulisxmo da niSneuli xdeba
mizezi, ris gamoc g. CubinaSvils a. SaniZiseul wakiTxvaSi cvlileba
unda Seetana – rogorc Cans, es ganpirobebuli unda yofiliyo mo-
sazrebiT, romlis mixedviTac qva Zelicxovlis postamentad iqna
miCneuli. bunebrivia, mcxeTis wm. jvris taZris aRmSenebeli, er-
ismTavari stefanoz I sakuTar Tavs Zelicxovlis aRmmarTvelad ver
moixseniebda, ramdenadac taZris wiaRSi moqceuli jvari ara ste-
fanozisa da misi saxleulis, aramed wm. ninos da wm. mefe mirianis
100
101
iqve, Sen. 26.
mier iqna aRmarTuli. rogor Cans, g. CubinaSviliseul wakiTxvaSi a.

SaniZis mier aRdgenilis teqsti zemoaRniSNuli varaudis Sesabamisad
iqna Secvlili da erismTavarTa saxli ara jvris aRmmarTvelad, ar-
amed Semamkoblad dasaxelebuli. amasTanave, g. CubinaSvilis mier
SemoTavazebuli wakiTxvis marTebuloba saeWvo xdeba ori garemoe-
bis gaTvaliswinebiT:
a) adreqristianuli epoqis dReisTvis cnobil qarTul epigrafi-
kaSi ar Cans msgavsi Sinaarsis saqtitoro teqsti (sadac momgebeli
Semamkobladaa saxeldebuli); Tumca es mainc ar gamoricxavs imas,
rom amgvari warwerebic arsebuliyo – isini, SesaZloa, ubralod ar
Semoinaxa.
b) warweris enobrivi analizis mixedviT, teqstSi `SevamkeviT~102 aq-
tivis (moqmedebiTi gvaris) formis arseboba dauSvebelia, radgan mo-
cemul SemTxvevaSi warwera sxva saxes miiRebda:
SewevniTa RmrTisaÁTa stefanoz patrikiosman, demetre
ÂP patosman, adrnerse Âpatosman SevamkeviT juari ese salocvelad
Cuenda, sulTa da ჴorcTa CuenTa meoxad da yovlisa saxlisa mcve-
lad.
radgan SemorCenili warweris fragmentTa mixedviT stefanoz I da
misi saxleuli ubralo damatebaa, qvemdebared rekonstruirebuli
juari ese ivaraudeba; Sesabamisad, am SemTxvevaSi ufro mosalodneli
unda iyos pasiuri, erTpiriani zmnis aRdgena, rogorc es a. SaniZis mier
iqna SemoTavazebuli.103
yovelive amis gaTvaliswinebiT nakleb savaraudoa, rom warwera,
romelic erismTavar stefanoz I-s da mis saxleuls jvris aRmmarTve-
lad unda ixseniebdes, mcxeTis Zelicxovlis postamentze amoekveTaT;
meore mxriv, gasaTvaliswinebelia, rom msgavsi Sinaarsis teqstebi im
xanis stelaTa kvarcxlbekebze mravladaa SemorCenili.104 Sesabamisad,
102
TavisTavad am formis arseboba Zvel qarTulSi SesaZlebelia (Sdr. dadeviT,
davawyeviT, daiceviT, dasdeviT – ix. http://titus.uni-frankfurt.de), magram ara mocemul
konteqstSi.
103
warweris enobrivi analizi ekuTvnis ivane javaxiSvilis saxelobis Tbilisis
saxelmwifo universitetis humanitarul mecnierebaTa fakultetis Zveli qarTuli
enisa da teqstologiuri kvlevebis departamentis asocirebul profesors lela
cixelaSvils.
104
amgvari Sinaarsis warwerebia amokveTili wromis (VI saukunis meore naxevari
– VII saukunis pirveli naxevari), garejis mravalmTis wm. ioane naTlismcemlis
monastris (VI s. – VII saukunis pirveli naxevari) qvajvarebze, dmanisis (V-VI ss.),
aRniSnulic adasturebs, rom warweriani qva ara Zelicxovlis posta-

menti, aramed stefanozisa da erismTavarTa saxlis mier aRmarTuli
stelis bazisi unda iyos.
postamentze amokveTili teqstis ZiriTadi nawili aseve daziane-
bulia, magram masSi yvela arsebiTi sityvis amokiTxva xerxdeba, garda
boloswina, meTormete striqonisa, romelmac mkvlevarTa Soris dava
gamoiwvia da misi oTxi gansxvavebuli varianti Camoyalibda.
teqstis aRdgenis pirveli varianti, romelic Zeglis aRmoCenisTa-
nave al. kalandaZis mier iqna SemoTavazebuli da g. CubinaSvilisa da a.
SaniZis mier gaziarebuli,105 aseTia:
...sul[Ta]] da ჴorcT[a m]]aTTa meo[xad]] da yovlisa [sax]]lisa mcve-
lad.
warweris am tradiciuladqceuli aRdgenis Taobaze eWvi pirvelad
z. aleqsiZem gamoTqva da `yovlisa saxlisas~ nacvlad warweraSi `yov-
lisa qarTlisa~ amoikiTxa:106
...sul[Ta]] da ჴorcT[a m]]aTTa meo[xad]] da yovlisa [qarT]]lisa mcve-
lad.
mkvlevarTan amgvari varaudis argumentad oTxi garemoeba saxel-
deba:
1. `qarTlis cxovrebis~ mixedviT, juanSeri mcxeTis wm. jvris taZ-
ris qtitorebs stefanozs, adarnasesa da demetres, sumbat daviTis
Zisgan gansxvavebiT, sxvadasxva sagvareulos warmomadgenlebad asaxe-
lebs; amitomac, mkvlevaris azriT, mcxeTis jvris postamentis warwera
maT erTi saxlis wevrebad ver moixseniebs.
2. z. aleqsiZis azriT, teqsti sintaqsurad gaumarTavi iqneba,
Tu masSi aRvadgenT frazas yovlisa saxlisa mcvelad, radgan amgvar
SemTxvevaSi mecamete striqonSi aucileblad saWiro xdeba kuTvnile-
biTi nacvalsaxeli maTisas arseboba, rac warweraSi ar aris.
3. aRsadgeni sityvis Tavze gairCeva qaragmis naSTi. sax marcvlis
daqaragmeba ki ar aris mosalodneli, da romc daqaragmdes, igi ver
Seavsebs teqstisaTvis gankuTvnil ares.
4. mcxeTis wm. jvris eklesia, mis wiaRSi moqceuli, wm. ninos mier
aRmarTuli, ZelicxovliT imgvari mniSvnelobis Zeglia, romlis mfarv-
wyises (VI s.), pantianis (VII saukunis meore naxevari), xunamisis (895 w.) stelaTa
kvarcxlbekebze. ix. qarTuli warwerebis korpusi, I, 93, 98, 100, 108, 115, 132.
105
106
epistoleTa wigni, 176-87.
elobiTi funqcia scildeba erT, Tundac saerismTavro sagvareulos.

warweris am monakveTs ramdenadme gansxvavebuli saxiT aRadgens n.
SoSiaSvili: 107
...sul[Ta]] da ჴorcT[a m]]aTTa meo[xad]] da yovlisa [momav]]lisa
mcvelad.
e. WeliZem wm. ninos mier mcxeTis Zelicxovelis aRmarTvis saxism-
etyvelebiTi SinaarsiT gaazrebisas warweris dasasruli amgvarad war-
moadgina: 108
...sul[Ta]]] da ჴorc[Ta]] m]aTTa meo[xad]]] da yovlisa [sof]l]]isa mcve-
lad.
niSandoblivia, rom z. aleqsiZe aRniSul sakiTxs mogvianebiT, N/Sin-
50-Si CarTuli adarneses epitafiis aRmoCenis kvaladac Seexo da zemoT
dasaxelebuli oTxi argumentidan pirvelze uari Tqva,109 imavadrou-
lad ki n. SoSiaSvilis mier SemoTavazebuli wakiTxvis siswore eWvqveS
daayena.110
z. aleqsiZe yuradRebas amaxvilebs im garemoebaze, rom n.
SoSiaSvilis mier teqsti XII-XIII saukunis istoriuli dokumentebis
mixedviT iqna aRdgenili; garda amisa, misi azriT, teqstSi momavlisas
(iseve rogorc saxlisas) aRdgena, kuTvnilebiTi nacvalsaxelis gar-
eSe, SeuZlebelia. z. aleqsiZis pozicia, warweris n. SoSiaSviliseuli
wakiTxvisa da aRdgenis Taobaze, savsebiT marTebulia; amasTanave, aqve
isic unda aRiniSnos, rom qvajvaris daniSnulebisa da mis savaraudo ba-
zisze arsebuli warweris Sinaarsis gaTvaliswinebiT, mkvlevaris mier
SemoTavazebul aRdgenasTan dakavSirebiT garkveuli kiTxvebi mainc
rCeba.111
107
108
e. WeliZe, `sveticxovlis Tavze gamocxadebuli cecxlovani jvrisa da mcxeTis
jvris heortologia~, axalgazrdoba, 6 (2009), 9.
109
xelnaweris minawerebi sumbat daviTis Zis mier SemoTavazebul erismTavarTa
genealogias eTanxmeba da adarnarses stefanoz I-is Zed asaxelebs. ix. z. aleqsiZe,
ùZvelesi cnoba bagrationTa dinastiis Sesaxeb, krebulSi: qristianuli kavkasia,
II, 121.
110
z. aleqsiZe, `moqcevaÁ qarTlisa¡” da mcxeTis jvris postamentis warwera~,
qristianuli kavkasia, I, 357-66.
111
marTalia, warweris mecamete striqonSi yoveli saxlisas aRdgenisas,
nacvalsaxel maTisas arsebobis SemTxvevaSi, teqsti ufro gamarTuli iqneboda,
magram mis gareSec igi sintaqsurad gaumarTavi ar aris. ukve moxse nebuli
kuTvnilebiTi nacvalsaxeli maTTa Sinaarsobrivad rogorc qti torebs, ise
maT sagvareulos miemarTeba. garkveul koreqtirebas gulisxmobs argumenti,
niSandoblivia, rom mkvlevarTa mier teqstis aRdgenis dRemde

arsebuli SemoTavazebebi Zelicxovlis sakralurobisa da mniS-
vnelovanebis konteqstiTaa moazrebuli; Sesabamisad, maTi marTebu-
loba udao ver iqneba im garemoebis gaTvaliswinebiT, rom warweriani
qvis fragmenti ara mcxeTis wm. jvris taZarSi moqceuli Zelicxovlis
postamentad, aramed qvajvaris bazisad SeiZleba iqnas miCneuli.
qarTlis erismTavrTa erovnul-sarwmunoebrivi da, amis Sesaba
misad, politikuri kursis gaTvaliswinebiT, mcxeTis jvris stela masze
aRbeWdili mxatvruli saxeebiT savsebiT esadageba `yoveli qarTlis~
erTobis ideas, xolo mis kvalad aRmarTuli mcxeTis wm. jvris taZari
Tavisi sakralurobiTa da mniSvnelovanebiT `yoveli soflis~ mcvelad
agebuli siwmindea; amasTanave, udaoa,A rom stela da misi warwera qarT-
lis erismTavarTa saxlis mosaxseneblad iqna Sesrulebuli. aRniSnul
mosazrebas ganamtkicebs qarTul qvajvarebsa da maT kvarcxlbekebze
datanili teqstebi, romlebic adastureben, rom stelebi warCinebuli
gvaris an saxlis mosaxseneblad idgmeboda; aRniSnuls emateba is gare-
moebac, rom mcxeTis wm. jvris taZari, romlis agebis winapirobadac
mcxeTis jvris qvajvari aRimarTa, Zelicxovlis relikvariumis fun-
qciis Tanadroulad, erismTavarTa saxlis saZvalesac warmoadgens.
swored amis gaTvaliswinebiT aris marTebuli teqstis a. SaniZiseuli
aRdgena da, Sesabamisad, warweris amgvari wakiTxva:
[SewevniTa RmrTisaÁTa, aRxemarTa juari ese salocvel]]ad

stefa[no]]z patriki[osi]]sa,D demetr[e Âp]]atosisa, a[drn]]erse Âpatosisa,
sul[Ta]] da ჴorcT[a m]]aTTa meo[xad]] da yovlisa [sax]]lisa mcvelad.
romlis mixedviTac aRsadgeni sityvis Tavze qaragmis naSTi gairCeva: warweraze

dakvirvebisas, agreTve misi grafikuli aslis Sesrulebis procesSi, aRsadgeni
sityvis Tavze qaragmis naSTi dadasturebuli ar yofila. sityvis Tavze nakveTi
formis raime naSTi romc yofiliyo SemorCenili, nakleb sarwmunoa, rom mcxeTis
qvajvaris ostats, romelic taZris reliefebisgan gansxvavebiT, samive qtitoris
saxels srulad gamokveTs, daeqaragmebina saxeli (am SemTxvevaSi yoveli qarTli),
romelic mniSvnelovanebiT qtitorTa saxelebs araTu utoldeba, aramed aRemateba
kidec. aRniSnuli argumenti ki uCveuloa im garemoebis gaTvaliswinebiTac, rom
ostats sakmarisze meti Tavisufali adgili hqonda, raTa qvaze yoveli qarTli,
rogorc politikuri damoukideblobisa da erovnuli erTianobis ganacxadi,
sruli saxiT amoekveTa. garda amisa niSandoblivia isic, rom yoveli qarTlis
daqaragmebisas ufro mosalodneli iqneboda ara qarTli, aramed yoveli
daeqaragmebinaT, rac, ra Tqma unda, msazRvrel-sazRvrulis mimarTebiTa da Tavad
sityvaTa mniSvnelovanebiTacaa ganpirobebuli.
amgvarad, mcxeTis wm. jvris taZarsa da erismTavarTa saxlis mo-

saxseneblad iqve aRmarTul stelas saerTo Sinaarsi da mizandasaxu-
loba hqondaT – orive ganacxadebda stefaniz I patrikiosisa da qarT-
lis mmarTveli gvaris politikur kurss, romlis mixedviTac, qveynis
gaerTianebisa da erovnuli TviTmyofadobis mTavar faseulobad qris-
tianobaa moazrebuli. niSandoblivia, rom aRniSnuls Tanagvarad adas-
turebs stefanozis mier moWrili monetebic.112
mcxeTis wm. jvris taZarsa da mis winapirobad aRmarTuli stelis
saerTo Sinaars sami mTavari garemoeba ganapirobebs:
1. eklesiisa da qvajvaris fasadebze nakveTi triumfaluri xasiaTis
scenebi (macxovrisa da jvris amaRlebis kompozicia, uflis didebis
gamosaxuleba) orive maTgans iranis gavlenis qveS moqceul qarTlSi
qristianobis gamarjvebis simbolod asaCinoebs; xolo im viTarebaSi,
roca qveynis damoukideblobas safrTxe mazdeani dampyroblisgan
emuqreba, sarwmunoebrivi TviTmyofadobis SenarCuneba erovnuli da-
moukideblobis SenarCunebis gzasa da winapirobas warmoadgens.
2. VI saukunis qarTlSi qristianobis ganmamtkiceblebis, asureli
mamebisa da maT mier gaSlili sabermonazvno moZraobis Tema, romelic
erTi mxriv, mcxeTis jvris stelaze mowese mamis gamosaxulebiTaa war-
modgenili, xolo meore mxriv, taZris istoriasTan Cans dakavSirebu-
li.
3. erismTavarTa saxlisa da mTavari qtitoris, stefanoz I-is moR-
vaweobis Tema, romelic Tavisi arsiT mis mier agebuli taZrisa da qva-
jvaris Sinaarss unda exmianebodes.
amgvarad, mcxeTis jvris stela svetze asaxuli ikonografiuli
programiTa da kvarcxlbekze amokveTili warweris SinaarsiT, mcxeTis
wm. jvris taZarTan mimarTebiT or umTavres faqts ganacxadebs:
a. qarTlisa da sazogadod, kavkasiisaTvis sakralur adgilas mcx-
eTis wm. jvris taZrisa da stelis aRmarTvis mizani im politikur-re-
ligiuri kursis gagrZelebaa, romelsac safuZveli vaxtang gorgasalma
Cauyara, xolo VI saukunis dasawyisSi asurel mamaTa da qarTlis pirvel
erismTavarTa saerTo Rvawlis wyalobiT gacxovelda. aRniSnuli
sarwmunobriv-politikuri kursis mizandasaxulobas gansazRvravda
yoveli qarTlisaTvis erovnuli damoukideblobis mopoveba, romlis
ucilobeli winapiroba, kavkasiis rTuli politikuri da konfesiuri
112
aRniSnulis Taobaze ix. ufro vrclad narkvevis pirvel nawilSi.
viTarebidan gamomdinare, VI saukuneSi gamokveTili aRmsareblobis –

marTlmadideblobis/diofizitobis SenarCuneba da gaZliereba iyo.
b. mcxeTis wm. jvris taZrisa da stelis mTavari qtitori, patriki-
osi stefanoz I, erismTavarTa saxlis warmomadgenlebTan, demetre da
adarnase vipatosebTan erTobiT, iyo Semoqmedi im politikuri kur-
sisa, romelsac qarTlis uzenaesi saero da sasuliero wreebi VI-VII
saukuneebis mijnaze axorcielebdnen; Sesabamisad, igi mxatvruli az-
rovnebis imgvar wessac iziarebda, romelic qarTlisaTvis qristiano-
basTan kavSirSi moazrebuli politikuri damoukideblobis mopovebas
iTvaliswinebda.
qristianobaze moqcevis droidan moyolebuli, samxreTi kavkasiis
saerTo sazrunavs iranTan da cecxlTayvanismcemlobasTan brZola
warmoadgenda, ramdenadac igi regionSi Tavis damkvidrebas sakuTari
rwmenis gavrcelebis kvalad gegmavda.113 amitom, V saukuneSi, roca qris-
tianuli samyaro diofizotobasa da monofizitobas Soris arCevanis
winaSe idga, kavkasias, yovelive amasTan erTad, sxva sazrunavi hqonda
– iranisaTvis winaaRmdegoba cecxlTayvanismcemlobasTan brZoliTa
da qristianobis SenarCunebiT gaewia.114 viTareba arsebiTad Seicvala
113
mazdeanobasTan brZola rom qarTlisaTvis mTavar amocanas warmoadgenda, amas
werilobiTi wyaroebic adastureben – pirvelmowameebi wm. raJdeni, wm. SuSaniki,
wm. evstaTi mcxeTeli am brZolas ewirebian, xolo maT Rvawls agiografebi
saxelmwifoebriv mniSvnelobas aniWeben. qarTlSi mosul asurel mamebsac aq
ara dogmaturi winaaRmdegobebis daZleva, aramed momZlavrebul cecx lTay
vanismcemlobasTan brZola uwevT – maTgan erT-erTi wm. abibos nekreseli swored
mazdeanTa mier ewama. ix. `wameba¡ wmidisa SuSanikisa dedoflisa¡~, `martviloba¡
evstaTi mcxeTelisa¡~, Zveli qarTuli agiografiuli literaturis Zeglebi, I, 11-
29, 30-45; `wameba¡ abibos nekreselisa¡~, asurel moRvaweTa cxovrebis wignTa Zveli
redaqciebi, 188-96.
114
savaraudod, imxanad qarTlSi qristianobis sxvadasxva aRmsareblobebs
Soris Ria dapiripireba ar arsebobda; yovel SemTxvevaSi dogmatur brZolas
saxelmwifoebrivi mniSvneloba ar miuRia. qarTlis mmarTveli saero da
sasuliero wreebi marTalia, politikuri situaciidan gamomdinare kompromisul-
Semrigebluri xasiaTis (vgulisxmobT 506 wlis dvinis saeklesio krebas, roca
kavkasiis eklesiebma zenonis henotikoni aRiares; ix. z. aleqsiZe, `masalebi dvinis
saeklesio krebis istoriisaTvis~, qristianuli kavkasia, I, 121-4), magram ZiriTadad
mainc antimonofizituri/antinestorianuli mimarTulebisa iyvnen da Sesabamisad,
qarTlis saxelmwifoebrivi kursi qalkedonobaze gadioda. ix. z. aleqsiZe,
`religiuri situaciis Sesaxeb VI saukunis kavkasiaSi~, qristianuli kavkasia, I,
124-145. am mxriv sayuradReboa antioqiis patriarqTan polemikisas wm. giorgi
mTawmindelis ganacxadi: àmaT wmidaTa mociqulTagan ganaTlebulni varT da
vinaÁTgan erTi RmerTi gvicnobies, arRara uar-gÂyofies da arca odes wvalebisa
VI saukunis pirveli naxevridan, roca kavkasiis qveynebi qristianobis

am or mimarTulebas Soris oficialuri, saxelmwifoebrivi arCevanis
winaSe aRmoCndnen; sxva garemoebaTa gverdiT, aRniSnulis mizezi ira-
nis Secvlili religiuri politika unda yofiliyo. swored im droidan
moyolebuli, qarTlisaTvis politikuri da sarwmunoebrivi orien-
tirebi erTmaneTs ejaWvebodnen, Tvisobrivad erTiandebodnen da dio-
fizituri aRmsarebloba politikuri damoukideblobisa da erovnuli
TviTmyofadobis SenarCunebis winapirobad isaxeboda.
safiqrebelia, rom vaxtang gorgasalis mier dasaxulma antiiran-
ulma gezma irans daanaxa safrTxe, romelsac cecxlTayvanismcemlo-
bis winaaRmdeg SekavSirebuli kavkasia uqmnida; amitom man religiuri
politika Secvala da mazdeanobis nacvlad ara bizantiasTan dakav-
Sirebul qalkedonur aRmsareblobas, aramed mis sapirispirod mono-
fizitobas dauWira mxari. Sesabamisad, qarTlisaTvis arsebiTi gaxda is
garemoeba, rom iranma regionSi sakuTari miznebis ganxorcielebisaT-
vis dasayrdenad somxeTi airCia.
amgvarad ganviTarebuli politikuri procesebis gamo qarTli
erTdroulad ori dilemis winaSe dadga – sakuTari saxelmwifoebri-
oba iranisagan/mazdeanobisgan daecva, xolo meore mxriv erovnuli
identoba somxuri/monofizituri gavlenisagan gadaerCina.115 am viTa-
midrekil ars naTesavi Cueni~. ix. Zveli qarTuli agiografiuli literaturis

Zeglebi, II (Tbilisi, 1967), 154. ra Tqma unda, aRniSnuli imas sulac ar gulisxmobs,
rom qarTlSi mwvalebloba saerTod ar yofila, magram arsebiTi isaa, rom mas
saxelmwifoebrivi mniSvneloba arasdros miuRia.
115
iranis ganzraxuloba – sakuTari miznis misaRwevad somxeTi politikur-
ideologiur dasayrdenad gaexada, kavkasiaSi ZalTa balanss arRvevda, ris gamoc
qarTlisa da albaneTis erovnuli identoba safrTxis winaSe dgeboda. SemdgomSi
amas Seewira albaneTis saxelmwifoebrioba – mocemuli politikuri viTarebisas
man arCevani monofizitobis sasargeblod gaakeTa; Sedegad, albaneTis saeklesio
enam Tavisi erovnuli funqcia dakarga, rac winapiroba gaxda imisa, rom igi, rogorc
saxelmwifo, politikuri rukidan gamqraliyo. aRniSnulis Taobaze ufro vrclad
ix. z. aleqsiZe, àmierkavkasiis qveynebis saerTaSoriso orientacis dogmaturi
safuZvlebi~, qristianuli kavkasia, II, 318-28. somxeTis daJinebuli sarwmunoebrivi
poziciebis miRma rom politikuri interesebi idga, aRniSnuls mose kalankatuelis
cnobac adasturebs; igi VI-VII saukuneebis mijnis qarTul-somxuri saeklesio
ganxeTqilebis mizezad somxeTis eklesiis ierarqiul interesebs asaxelebs. ix. z.
aleqsiZe, `mose kalankatuelis àlbanTa qveynis istoriis~ teqstis kritikisaTvis.
cnoba somexTa da albanTa gaqristianebis TariRis Sesaxeb~, qristianuli kavkasia,
II, 276-93; movses kalankatuaci, alvanTa qveynis istoria, Zveli somxuridan Targmna,
Sesavali da saZieblebi daurTo liana davlianiZe-tatiSvilma (Tbilisi, 1985), 285.
rebaSi qarTlSi asurel mamaTa moRvaweobam saxelmwifoebrivi mniSvn-

eloba SeiZina – isini, erTi mxriv, mazdeanobas ebrZodnen, xolo meore
mxriv, maTive daarsebuli samonastro kerebiT ganamtkicebdnen da
avrcelebdnen qristianul swavlebas;116 saqarTvelos eklesia, romelmac
VI saukunidan arCevani sabolood gaakeTa diofizitur aRmsareblobaze,
jer wm. ninos, Semdgom ki asurel mamaTa naqadagebi rwmenis safuZvlebze
idga – yovelive amis kanonzomier Sedegad Seiqna imave saukunis miwu-
ruls sabolood gacxadebuli qarTul-somxuri saeklesio ganxeTqile-
ba da diofizituri mrwamsis politikuri arCevani, ramac qarTlisaTvis
rTul etapze eklesiisa da saxelmwifos TviTmyofadoba gadaarCina.
mcxeTis wm. jvris taZarTan qarTlis erismTavarTa saxlis mosax-
seneblad aRmarTul stelaze asurel mamaTa saxed mowese mamis gamo-
saxva kidev erTi sagulisxmo mowmobaa imisa, rom wm. jvris taZris ageba
VI saukunis qarTlSi mimdinare politikur-sarwmunoebrivi proce-
sebis logikur gagrZelebas warmoadgenda; imavdroulad, stelis iko-
nografiuli programa im xanis qarTlis mmarTveli wreebis, saxeldo-
br, mTavari qtitoris, patrikios stefanoz I-is politikur doqtrinas
ganacxadebda. mcxeTis jvris stela, imave periodis qarTul-sasanur
116
mkvlevrebi asurel mamaTa Sesaxeb msjelobisas Tanxmdebian, rom qarTlSi maTi
moRvaweoba qristianobis ganmtkicebisken iyo mimarTuli; amasTanave, maT Soris
dRemde azrTa sxvadasxvaobaa imis Taobaze qristianobis romel mimarTulebas
aRiarebdnen isini. mecnierTa erTi nawili maT monofizitebad miiCnevs (ix. k.
kekeliZe, sakiTxi siriel moRvaweTa qarTlSi mosvlis Sesaxeb (Tbilisi, 1925);
misive, Zveli qarTuli literaturis istoria, I (Tbilisi, 1980), 157-63), nawili –
nestorianebad (ix. Н. Марр, “Аркаун, Монгольское название христиан в связи с вопросам об
армянак-халкедониках,” Византийский временник, XII (1906), 3), nawili ki diofizitebad
(ix. i. javaxiSvili, qarTveli eris istoria, I (Tbilisi, 1979), 411; d. merkvilaZe,
asurel mamaTa qarTlSi mosvlis dro (Tbilisi, 1996); v. goilaZe, asurel mamaTa
samSoblo da saqarTvelo (Tbilisi, 2002); z. aleqsiZe, `sinuri xelnawerebi asurel
mamaTa Sesaxeb~, qristianuli kavkasia, II, 169-75). arsebobs kidev erTi varaudi,
romlis mixedviTac isini nestorianTa im Stos warmomadgenlebi iyvnen, romelic
diofizitobasTan daaxlovebasa da Serwymas gulisxmobda (ix. T. mgalobliSvili,
ÌV-X ss-is qarTlSi mimdinare religiuri procesebi~, mravalTavi, 19 (2001), 331-
42). aRniSnul sakiTxTan mimarTebiT sayuradRebo Cans rogorc qarTlSi arsebuli
sarwmunoebrivi viTarebis dadebiTi daxasiaTeba aRmsareblobiT diofiziti
prokopi kesarielis mier ix. z. aleqsiZe, `religiuri situaciis Sesaxeb VI saukunis
kavkasiaSi~, qristianuli kavkasia, I, 124-145.), ise asurel mamaTa moRvaweobis
Tanadroulad da Tanmxvedrad qarTlis eklesiis oficialuri sarwmunoebrivi
poziciis diofizitobisaken gadaxra. yovelive es, marTalia, Sidakavkasiuri
socialur-politikuri mdgomareobiT iyo gamowveuli magram, ra Tqma unda,
Tanagvarad ukavSirdeboda qveyanaSi arsebul religiur situaciasac.
monetebTan da wm. jvris taZarTan erTad, Tavis TavSi ikrebs VI-VII sau-
kuneebis qarTlis istoriis mravlismomcvel mxareebs da naratiul
wyaroTa araerTgvarovnebis pirobebSi im drois qarTlSi mimdinare
politikur-aRmsareblobiTi procesebis Taobaze damatebiTi mosaz-
rebebis gamoTqmis saSualebas iZleva.
stefanoz I-is mmarTvelobis periodi, 590-627 ww., adre Sua sauku-
neebis saqarTvelos istoriis mravalmxriv mniSvnelovani monakveTia;
es aris epoqa, roca or did, metoqe imperias – bizantias da irans Soris
ZalTa gadanawileba gamudmebiT cvalebadobs, amgvari arastabiluri
politikuri viTareba ki aRmosavleT-dasavleTis gasayarze mdebare
kavkasiis regionis qveynebisaTvis frTxili da yuradRebiani diplo-
matiuri politikis gatarebas saWiroebs. Sesabamisad, im xanis qveynis
mmarTveli wreebis politikuri Tu sarwmunoebrivi mimarTebebi mTli-
anad gansazRvravs qveynis politikuri cxovrebis wessa da mis momavals.
amdenad, VI-VII saukuneebis qarTlis istoriuli realobis warmod-
genisaTvis erismTavris, stefanoz I-is politikuri kursis gaazrebasa
da kvlevas umTavresi mniSvneloba eniWeba. es ki saSuri xdeba im piro-
bebSi, roca naratiuli wyaroebi misi mmarTvelobis xasiaTis Sesaxeb
erTmaneTisagan principulad gansxvavebul cnobebs gvawvdis;117 miT
ufro, rom igi, Tavis mxriv, ukavSirdeba am xanis qarTlis istoriis iseT
mniSvnelovan sakiTxebs, rogoricaa VI-VII saukuneebis mijnis qarTlisa
da misi mmarTveli saxlis warmomadgenelTa politikuri orientacia,118
117
saistorio wyaroTa nawilSi stefanoz I urwmunod da proiranuli orientaciis
mmarTvelad warmoCndeba. ix. juanSeri, `cxovreba vaxtang gorgaslisa~, 222-5;
abulaZe, asurel mamaTa cxovrebis wignTa Zveli redaqciebi, 203-5; z. sxirtlaZe,
Sio mRvimelis cxovrebis Zveli nusxa (Tbilisi, 2014), 130-4. amasTanave, niSneulia
is garemoeba, rom wyaroTa meore nawili ùcnaurad dums~ rogorc erismTavris
urwmunoebis, ise misi politikuri orientaciis Taobaze da stefanozs `didad~
ixseniebs. ix. `moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ~, Zveli qarTuli agiografiuli literaturis
Zeglebi, I, 95; sumbat daviTis Ze, cxorebaÁ da uwyebaÁ bagrationTa, teqsti
gamosacemad moamzada, gamokvleva, SeniSvnebi da saZieblebi daurTo g. araxamiam
(Tbilisi, 1990), 43.
118
istorikosTa umetesoba, juanSeris cnobebze dayrdnobiT, stefanoz I-isa
da, Sesabamisad, misi mmarTvelobis xanis qarTlis politikur-sarwmunoebriv
orientirad proiranul/prosomxursa da antiqalkedonur orientacias varaudobs.
ix. saqarTvelos istoriis narkvevebi, II (Tbilisi, 1973), 276-7; a. bogveraZe, qarTlis
politikuri da socialur-ekonomikuri ganviTareba IV-VIII ss-Si (Tbilisi, 1979), 59-
60; epistoleTa wigni, 207-208; v. goilaZe, `qarTlis erisTavT-mTavari stefanozi~,
mnaTobi, 2 (1992); 140-7; misive, abreSumis didi savaWro gza (Tbilisi, 1997), 114;
saqarTvelos mefeebi (Tbilisi, 2000), 251; d. musxeliSvili, saqarTvelo IV-VIII ss-Si
qarTvel-somexTa Soris saeklesio ganxeTqileba,119 mcxeTis wm. jvris

agebis xanis gansazRvra,120 imperator herakles laSqroba,121 juanSeris
Txzulebis istoriografiuli analizi122 da sxv. Tumca, aqve unda aRi
niSnos, rom mcxeTis jvris stelaze asaxuli ikonografiuli programa,
romelic sxva aspeqtebTan erTad Tavis TavSi qtitoris, stefanoz I
(Tbilisi, 2003), 309-15; C. Toumanoff, “Iberia Between Chosroid and Bagratid Rule,” in Studies
in Christian Caucasian History (Washington, 1963), 390; S. H. Rapp Jr., Studies in Medieval Georgian
Historiography: Early Texts and Eurasian Context (Lovanii, 2003), 378-379; Rapp, The Sasanian World
through Georgian Eyes, 333.
119
z. aleqsiZe epistoleTa wignSi daculi monacemebis safuZvelze varaudobs,
rom stefanoz I qarTvel-somexTa saeklesio ganxeTqilebis Tanamoazre ar
yofila; metic, mkvlevaris azriT, stefanozi da adarnase sxvadasxva saxlis
warmomadgenlebi da, Sesabamisad, politikuri mowinaaRmdegeni arian – amgvarad,
qarTul istoriografiaSi gaCnda mosazreba stefanoz I-is mmarTvelobis ori
sxvadasxva monakveTis Taobaze. ix. epistoleTa wigni, 207-8.
120
juanSeris cnobebma stefanoz I-is urwmunoebis Taobaze ganapiroba k. Tumanovis
Tvalsazrisi, romlis mixedviTac mcxeTis wm. jvris taZris aRmosavleT fasadze
gamosaxul erismTavars igi stefanoz II-sTan aigivebda; Sesabamisad, mcxeTis wm.
jvris taZris agebis periodad miCneul iqna ara VI-VII saukuneTa mijna, aramed ufro
mogviano xana. ix. Toumanoff, “Iberia Between Chosroid and Bagratid Rule,” 396-7. k. Tumanovis
mosazrebis umarTebuloba damajereblad daasabuTa v. jobaZem da, g. CubinaSvilis
kvalad, mcxeTis wm. jvris taZris qtitorad stefanoz I, xolo agebis xanad VI-VII
saukuneebis mijna daasaxela. ix. W. Djobadze, “The Sculptures on the Eastern Façade of the
Holy Cross of Mtzkheta,” Oriens Christianus, 44 (1960), 123.
121
qarTul-somxur-albanur-bizantiuri wyaroebis araerTgvarovnebis pirobebSi
mkvlevarebi verc imis Taobaze Tanxmdebian, ilaSqra Tu ara imperatorma heraklem
Tbilisze da, Sesabamisad, daiRupa Tu ara qarTlis erismTavari stefanoz I masTan
brZolaSi. aRniSnuli sakiTxis irgvliv ix. goilaZe, `qarTlis erisTavT-mTavari
stefanozi~, 140-7; misive, `ratom ar monawileobda imperatori herakle 628 wels
Tbilisis aRebaSi~, mnaTobi, 5 (1997), 148-57; n. lomouri, ìrakli keisris laSqrobebi
iranSi da saqarTvelo~, axlo aRmosavleTi da saqarTvelo (Tbilisi, 1991), 111-22; misive,
saqarTvelosa da bizantiis imperiis urTierToba (IV-IX) (Tbilisi, 2011), 225-6; W. E. Kaegi,
Byzantium and the Early Islamic Conquests (Cambridge, 1992), 181-204; Rapp, Studies in Medieval Georgian
Historiography: Early Texts and Eurasian Context, 378-9; D. Y. D. Shapira, “Armenian and Georgian Sources
on the Khazars: A Re-Evalution,” in The world of the Khazars: New perspectives, ed. by D. Sinor and N. Di
Cosmo (Leiden, 2007), 307-52; Rapp, The Sasanian World through Georgian Eyes, 345.
122
mkvlevarTa Soris juanSeris avtorobiT cnobili Txzulebis `cxovreba
vaxtang gorgaslisa~ meore nawilis Taobaze azrTa sxvadasxvaobaa – aRniSnuli
exeba rogorc avtoris vinaobis, ise masSi daculi cnobebis piruTvnelobasa da
marTebulobas. ix. v. goilaZe, vaxtang gorgasali da misi istorikosi (Tbilisi,
1991), 42-61; m. sanaZe, `juanSer juanSeriani da misi moRvaweobis xana~, Tbilisis
saxelmwifo universitetis Sromebi, 338 (2001), 122-8; Toumanoff, “Iberia Between Chos
roid and Bagratid Rule,” 258; Rapp, Studies in Medieval Georgian Historiography: Early Texts and
Eurasian Context, 238-42.
patrikiosis politikuri kursis Sinaarss ikrebs, zemoT dasaxelebul

sakiTxTa gadaxedva-Sevsebis saSualebas iZleva.
mcxeTis jvris stelis monacemTa gaTvaliswinebiT stefanoz I ara
proiranuli an probizantiuri, aramed erovnuli orientaciis mqone
mmarTvelad isaxeba; igi qarTlis damoukideblobisaTvis moRvawe sae-
ro Tu sasuliero wreebis, upirvelesad ki asurel mamaTa ideologiur
mrwamsi Tanamoziared Cndeba; stefanozis politikuri da aRmsare-
blobiTi mimarTebebi mis ZiriTad mizans pasuxobs – qveynis erovnul
TviTmyofadobas da damoukideblobas.123
qarTlis pirveli erismTavrebis (guaram I-is, stefanoz I-is, ste-
fanoz II-is) mmarTvelobis dros gacxadebuli politikuri damoukide-
blobisa da masTan kavSirSi asurel mamaTa mier ganmtkicebuli aRmsare-
blobiTi orientacia unda yofiliyo safuZveli qarTvelTa erovnuli
TviTSegnebisa jer iranelebis, mogvianod ki arabebis moZalebisas. yove-
live amas safuZveli vaxtang gorgasalma Cauyara, rac Semdgom saero
xelisufalTa da samonastro moZraobis mesveurTa erTobiT, kerZod
ki Tavdapirvelad guaram I-is, stefanoz I-is da asurel mamaTa, xolo
Semdeg aSot I kurapalatis da wm. grigol xanZTelis SeTanxmebuli mo-
qmedebiT gagrZelda. es iyo erovnuli cnobierebis is cocxali xazi,
ramac saboloo Sedegad X saukunis miwuruls erTiani qarTuli saxelm-
wifos Camoyalibeba moitana da Semdgom, misi arsebobis mTel manZilze
uwyvetad gagrZelda.
stefanoz I-is mmarTvelobis xana – VI-VII saukuneebis mijna – iyo
erT-erTi mniSvnelovani etapi qarTuli erovnuli cnobierebis Camoya-
libebisa, romelSic warmmarTveli roli marTlmadideblobam ikisra
da saxelmwifoebriobasTan erTad sarwmunoeba erovnuli identobis
safuZvlad warmoadgina. mcxeTis wm. jvris taZris – erismTavarTa saZ-
123
naklebad mosalodnelia, rom im epoqisTvis kavkasiaSi arsebuli viTarebis
Sesabamisad, roca qarTlis oficialuri aRmsareblobiTi gezi uSualod
ukavSirdeboda erovnuli identobis da saxelmwifoebrivi damoukideblobis
SenarCunebis sakiTxebs, stefanoz I-s, rogorc erovnuli ideologiis gamziarebel
moRvawes politikur kursad proiranul/prosomxur/antiqalkedonuri orien
ta
cia daesaxa; ra Tqma unda, aRniSnuli rTul politikur situaciaSi qveynis
mmarTvelis mier iZulebiT gadadgmul nabijebs srulebiT ar gamoricxavs, rac
Sesabamisad, arasodes gulisxmobs qveynisa Tu mmarTveli wris mier dasaxuli gezis
arsobriv cvlilebas. vfiqrobT, stefanoz I-is mmarTvelobis analizisas, wyaroTa
Tu nivTier monacemTa araerTgvarovnebis pirobebSi, istoriografiaSi sakiTxi am
mimarTebiTac unda daisvas.
valis maxloblad aRmarTuli stela, nakveTi warwerisa da reliefuri

saxeebis erTobiT qmnili programiT, xatovnad warmogvidgens qarTlis
istoriis im etapze mimdinare kulturul-politikur movlenebs, xolo
stefanoz I-s – erismTavarTa saxlis sxva warmomadgenlebTan, demetre
da adarnase vipatosebTan erTad, am procesis aqtiur monawiled da
warmmarTvelad saxavs.
mcxeTis jvris stelasTan dakavSirebuli problemebi scdeba

qarTvelologiis farglebs – savsebiT naTeli unda iyos misi mniS-
vneloba kavkasiologiisaTvis, radgan adreuli Sua saukuneebis ka-
vkasiis politikuri, eTnokonfesiuri da kulturuli suraTis far-
glebSi igi iseT mravlismomcvel sakiTxs ukavSirdeba, rogoricaa
qarTul da somxur saeklesio xuroTmoZRvrul tradiciaTa urT-
ierTmimarTeba.
gasuli saukunis 60-ian wlebSi mcxeTis jvris stelis bazisad miC-
neul qvaze nakveTi qarTul-somxuri warwerebi, mkvlevarTa Soris mw-
vave polemikis sagani gaxda.
1968 wels p. muradianma gamoaqveyna statia mcxeTis wm. jvris ta-
ZarSi gamovlenili qvis fragmentisa da misi warwerebis Sesaxeb. sta-
tiaSi gamoTqmulia mosazreba, rom wm. jvris eklesia somexi xuroT-
moZRvris mier iqna agebuli.124 yovelive amas, Tavis mxriv, safuZvlad
daedo mcxeTis jvris tipis taZris – atenis sionis aRmSeneblobasTan
da, amis kvalad qarTul-somxur saeklesio xuroTmoZRvrebasTan da-
kavSirebuli, kargad cnobili hipoTeza, romelic TiTqmis or as-
wleuls iTvlis da romlis Taobazec araerTxel dawerila: atenis si-
onis samxreTi fasadis aRmosavleT niSaSi Sesrulebul somxur warw-
eraSi moxseniebuli Todosaki, xangrZlivi periodis ganmavlobaSi
damkvidrebuli TvalsazrisiT, taZris xuroTmoZRvrad, Tavad taZari
ki somex xelosanTa jgufis mier agebulad iqna gacxadebuli.125
124
Мурадян, “Армянская надпись храма Джвари,” 56-79; P. Muradian, “Encore au sujet de
l’inscription armenienne de l’église de Djvari,” Revue des études armeniennes, VI (1969), 408.
p. muradianis mosazrebebi mogvianod gaimeora a. eremianmac, romelic ecada
damatebiT ganemtkicebina winamorbedis `Teoria“. ix. А. Еремян, “К вопросу о дотировке
кафедралной церкви в Аване,” Լրաբէր Հասարակական Գիտությունների, 3 (1968), 59.
125
amis Taobaze Tanamimdevrulad da naTlad ix. В. Беридзе, “Еше раз о храме Джвари,
о взаимоотношениях Грузинской и Армянской архитектуре и некоторых статьях, касаюшихся
этих вопросов,” macne, istoriis arqeologiis eTnografisa da xelovnebis istoriis
seria, 6 (1970), 287-94.
wm. jvris taZarSi gamovlenili qvis fragmenti, masze arsebuli qa-

rTuli da somxuri warwerebiT, amis kvaladve gaxda safuZveli p. mu-
radianis `Teoriisa~, romlis mixedviTac, mcxeTis wm. jvrisa da atenis
sionis taZrebi erTsa da imave pirovnebas, Todosaks unda aego. mkvl-
evaris azriT, qvis gverdiTa, samxreT waxnagze amokveTili somxuri
warwera qarTuli teqstis Targmania, xolo somxuri teqstis qvemoT,
sxva grafemaTagan gansxvavebulad nakveTi Թ aso ara qvismTlelis ni-
Sani an TariRis aRmniSvneli simbolo, aramed xuroTmoZRvris – To-
dosakis iniciali unda iyos. atenis sionis agebis savaraudo periodis
gaTvaliswinebiT, Tavisi `Teoriis~ gansamtkiceblad, p. muradiani eca-
da daemtkicebina, rom mcxeTis wm. jvris taZari ara VI-VII saukuneebis
mijnaze, stefanoz I-is mmarTvelobis dros, aramed ufro mogvianod,
uSualod atenis sionis agebis winaxanebSi iyo agebuli.
sakuTari `Teoriis~ Camoyalibebisas, sxva argumentebTan erTad, p.
muradiani eyrdnoboda mosazrebas, romlis mixedviTac warweriani qva
mcxeTis Zelicxovlis postamentad iqna moazrebuli.126 am gziT igi eca-
da, qvaze amokveTili somxuri warwera uSualod mcxeTis wm. jvris taZ-
ris agebis procesTan yofiliyo dakavSirebuli da Sedegad, kavkasiaSi
tetrakonqis tipis taZrebis gavrceleba somex xuroTmoZRvarTa moR-
vaweobasTan mimarTebiT warmoCenili iyo. Sesabamisad, p. muradianis
umTavres mizans warmoadgenda g. CubinaSvilis im mosazrebis uaryofa,
romlis Tanaxmadac kavkasiaSi tetrakonqis tipis taZarTa gavrcele-
ba ara mxolod qarTlisaTvis, aramed mTlianad kavkasiisaTvis Tavisi
sakralurobiT gamorCeul salocavTan – mcxeTis wm. jvris eklesias-
Tan dakavSirebiT iqna moazrebuli.
rogorc aRiniSna, p. muradianis mosazrebas aTwleulebis siRrme-
Si mimavali wanamZRvrebi hqonda – igi qarTuli saeklesio xuroTmoZ-
Rvrebis somxurTan gaigivebis mcdelobis sakmaod didi xnis istorias
iTvlis.
qarTuli saeklesio arqiteqturis somxurTan dakavSireba da misi
eTnokulturuli identobis uaryofa f. diubua de monperes mier
gamoTqmul mosazrebebs ukavSirdeba.127 miuxedavad imisa, rom mogvi-
anod n. kondakovis mier qarTuli saeklesio xuroTmoZRvreba gansaz-
126
127
F. Dubois de Montpereux, Voyage autour du Caucase, III (Paris, 1838-1839), 214. Sdr. M.
Brosset, Rapports sur un Voyage archéologique dans la Géorgie et dans l’ Arménie, VI Rapp. (Saint-
Petersbourg, 1850), 21.
Rvrul iqna, rogorc qristianuli xelovnebis mkafiod TviTmyofadi

movlena,128 somxur, rusul Tu evropul istoriografiaSi subieq-
turad, zogjer angariSmiucemlad, zogjer ki politikur Tu sxva
mizezTa gamo, diubua de monperes Tezas dafuZnebuli mosazrebebi aT-
wleulebis ganmavlobaSi meordeboda.129
1948 wels g. CubinaSvilma mcxeTis wm. jvrisa taZrisa da misi tipis
ZeglTa Sesaxeb gamosca fundamenturi naSromi, sadac sxva sakiTxebTan
erTad ganxilul da dasabuTebul iqna qarTul da somxur saeklesio xu-
roTmoZRvrebasTan mimarTebiT xangrZlivi periodis ganmavlobaSi ar-
sebuli TvalTaxedvis umarTebuloba. g. CubinaSvilis kvlevam qarTuli
saeklesio xuroTmoZRvrebis ganviTarebis kanonzomieri gza warmoad-
gina da, imavdroulad, iqamde gavrcelebuli mosazreba qarTuli arq-
iteqturis somxuri warmomavlobis Taobaze arsebiTad Secvala – cxadi
Seiqna, rom qarTul saeklesio xuroTmoZRvrebas ara Tu hqonda sakuTari
saxe da TavisTavadoba, aramed metic, qarTul mxatvrul gemovnebasTan
Tanaziari arqiteqturuli formebi kavkasiis sxva regionTa saekle-
sio xuroTmoZRvrebaSic vrceldeboda. mosazrebebi qarTul-somxuri
saeklesio xuroTmoZRvrebis urTierTmimarTebis Taobaze mkvlevarma
1967 wels somxuri arqiteqturis Taobaze gamoqveynebul monografiaSi
kidev ufro gaaRrmava da masStaburad warmoaCina.130
p. muradianis mier gamoqveynebuli, zemoT dasaxelebuli, statia,
romelSic mcxeTis wm. jvris eklesiaSi gamovlenil qvis fragmentze
nakveTi somxuri warweris interpretaciiT igi ecada taZari somxur
saeklesio xuroTmoZRvrebasTan daekavSirebina, Tavisi arsiTa da
mimarTebiT zemoT aRniSnuli tendenciis Tanaziari iyo. swored amis
gamo iyo, rom p. muradianis mier gamoTqmuli debulebebis usafuZvloba
qarTvel mecnierTa mier umalve argumentirebulad iqna uaryofili;131
128
Н. Кондаков, “Древняя Архитектура Грузии,” Древности. Труды Московсково Архео
логическово Общества, т. VI (Москва, 1876), 7-8.
129
J. Strygowski, Die Baukunst der Armenier und Europa, I (Wien, 1918), 235; Н. Токарский,
Архитектура Древней Армении (Ереван, 1946), 132-4.
130
Г. Чубинашвили, Разыскания по армянской архитектуре (Тбилиси, 1967).
131
Абуладзе, “Замечания по поводу статьи П. Мурадяна “Армянская надпись храма Джвари,”
171-89; gadabeWdilia krebulSi: Некoторые вопросы истории Грузии в армянской
историографии, ред. Д. Мусхелишвили (Тбилиси, 2009), 62-92; Лордкипанидзе, “К вопросу о
надписях храма Джвари в Мцхета,” 190-200; gadabeWdilia krebulSi: Некoторые вопросы
истории Грузии в армянской историографии, 92-107; m. lorTqifaniZe, p. zaqaraia,
`SeniSvnebi erTi werilis gamo~, literaturuli saqarTvelo, 20 dekemberi (1968), 6;
SemdgomSi gairkva sadao TemasTan dakavSirebuli, principulad mniS-

vnelovani sakiTxic – aRmoCnda, rom atenis sionis samxreTi fasadis
somxur warweraSi moxsenebuli Todosaki ara taZris xuroTmoZRvari,
aramed restavratori iyo; misi moRvaweobis xanad ki ara VII, aramed X
saukunis miwuruli ganisazRvra, ris Sedegadac yovelive es mcxeTis
wm. jvrisa da misi tipis taZrebis mSeneblobis periods mniSvnelovnad
daSorda.132 amis miuxedavad, p. muradianma adre gamoTqmuli mosazreba
mogvianod, saqarTvelos somxuri epigrafikis Sesaxeb gamocemul mono-
grafiaSi ucvlelad Seitana133 da, Sesabamisad, sakiTxisadmi sakuTari
subieqturi mimarTeba ganacxada – miuxedavad, mTeli rigi samecniero
siaxleebisa, muradiani, sakuTari xelovnuri `TeoriiT~, XIX saukunis
siZveleTmcodneobis Tvalsawieris farglebSi darCa.
naTeli unda iyos, rom winamdebare narkvevis mizani araa p. mura-
dianis mier gamoTqmuli mosazrebebis detaluri ganxilva – mis cdebs,
Tavis droze, qarTvel mkvlevarTa mxriv Rirseuli, dasabuTebuli da
damajerebeli pasuxebi gaeca, mogvianod ki amgvari cdebis usafuZv-
loba atenis sionis sagangebo kvlevam erTmniSvnelovnad daadastura.
amasTanave, qvaze nakveTi somxuri warwerisa da mcxeTis wm. jvris
taZris urTierTmimarTebis konteqstSi sakiTxi erTmniSvnelovnad ar
gadaWrila. mcxeTis wm. jvris taZris somxuri xuroTmoZRvrebis are-
alSi moqcevasTan dakavSirebiT p. muradianis mier Seqmnili `Teoria~
Tvisobrivad erT winapirobas efuZneba – qva, romelzec qarTulTan er-
Tad somxuri warweracaa nakveTi, uciloblad taZarTan erTobiT unda
iqnas ganxiluli; saqme isaa, rom eklesiis xuroTmoZRvris saxelTan
dakavSirebuli `Teoriis~ (Tundac xelovnurad SeTxzul-Seqmnilis)
arseboba, uSualod miemarTeba aRniSnuli qvis Tavdapirveli adgilis
gansazRvras taZris gamorCeul arealSi – misi interieris centrSi Tu
ara, gansakuTrebiT saCino adgilze mainc. amasTan dakavSirebiT ar-
sebiT mniSvnelobas iZens is garemoeba, rom warweriani qvis ganxilva
Беридзе, “Еше раз о храме Джвари, о взаимоотношениях Грузинской и Армянской архитектуре и

некоторых статьях, касаюшихся этих вопросов,” 287-94; z. aleqsiZe, atenis sionis somxuri
warwerebi (Tbilisi, 1978), 25-7.
132
Г. Абрамишвили, “Два строительных периода Атенского Сиона,” macne, istoriis
arqeologiis eTnografisa da xelovnebis istoriis seria, 1 (1972), 32-55; g.
abramiSvili, daviT garejelis cikli qarTuli kedlis mxatvrobaSi (Tbilisi, 1972),
172; aleqsiZe, atenis sionis somxuri warwerebi, 8-27; abramiSvili, atenis sioni, 48-
56.
133
Мурадян, Армянская эпиграфика Грузии. Картли и Кахети, 14-37.
mcxeTis jvris stelis kvarcxlbekad mas taZrisa da misi mSeneblobis

procesisagan ganyenebulad warmoaCens; Sesabamisad, warweriani qvis
ara mcxeTis jvris taZarSi moqceuli Zelicxovlis postamentad, ar-
amed qvajvaris kvarcxlbekad moazreba p. muradianis mier gamoTqmul
mosazrebas safuZvels am mxrivac aclis. yovelive es, erismTavarTa
sagvareulo saZvalis maxloblad qtitorTa mosaxseneblad aRmar-
Tul stelaze taZris xuroTmoZRvris saxelis datanis ganzraxulobas
sruliad gaugebarsa da usafuZvlos xdis. niSandoblivia isic, rom p.
muradianis sawinaaRmdegod, g. CubinaSvili134 da il. abulaZe135 somx-
uri teqstis ara avTentur warwerad, aramed mogviano xanis grafi-
tad miiCneven. qvis warmodgena stelis bazisad am mosazrebas kidev
ufro ganamtkicebs – safuZvels moklebuli ar iqneboda imis varaudi,
rom erTiani kavkasiis gamorCeuli siwmindis, regionSi gamorCeulad
Tayvancemuli samomlocvelo centris – mcxeTis wm. jvris taZris
maxloblad Ria cis qveS aRmarTul stelaze erovnebiT somexma da, sa-
varaudod, aRmsareblobiT diofizitma momlocvelebma sulis mosax-
senebeli warwera amokawres, xolo qvis waxnagi masze nakveTi somxuri
grafemis (qvismTlelTa niSani)136 mixedviT SearCies.
mcxeTis wm. jvris eklesiisa da kavkasiis regionSi gavrcelebuli tet-
rakonqis tipis taZarTa mimarTebebis kvlevisaTvis arsebiTi Cans kidev
erTi garemoeba – mcxeTis jvris stelis ikonografiuli programa, iseve
rogorc qarTvelTa ganmanaTleblis, wm. ninos mier qarTlis moqcevis
dros CvenebebiTa da saswaulebiT niSandebul adgilas agebuli taZris um-
Tavresi arsi VI-VII saukuneebis qarTlis kulturul-politikur realo-
134
135
il. abulaZe somxur teqsts VIII-IX saukuneebSi Seqmnil piligrimul, nakawr
warwerad miiCnevs. ix. Абуладзе, “Замечания по поводу статьи П. Мурадяна “Армянская
надпись храма Джвари”,” 171-89. i. abulaZis mosazrebas eTanxmeba z. aleqsiZec; mkvle
vari, ganixilavs ra èpistoleTa wignSi~ dacul cnobebs mcxeTis jvrisa da vrkanis
marzpanis, smbat bagratunis Sesaxeb, varaudobs, rom mcxeTis wm. jvris taZari
is saerTo kavkasiuri salocavi iyo, romlis mosalocad qarTvelebTan erTad
somexi piligrimebic dadiodnen. z. aleqsiZis azriT, swored aRniSnuli faqti
unda yofiliyo postamentze Sesrulebuli somxuri warweris gaCenis mizezi. ix.
z. aleqsiZe, `mcxeTis jvari – mcveli yovlisa qarTlisa~, qristianuli kavkasia, II,
333-4.
136
mkvlevarTa azriT, somxuri grafema Թ qvismTlelTa niSans warmoadgens; misi
msgavsi niSnebis mqone kvadrebi mcxeTis wm. jvrisa da mogvianod atenis sionis
kedlis wyobaSi mravlad moipoveba. ix. Чубинашвили, Памятники Типа Джвари, 83;
lorTqifaniZe, zaqaraia, `SeniSvnebi erTi werilis gamo~, 6.
bas ganacxadebs, rac aRniSnul Zeglebs gamorCeulad qarTuli erovnuli

identobis niSniT aRbeWdavs. mcxeTis wm. jvris taZris xuroTmoZRvruli
saxe (romelic wm. ninos mier aRmarTuli jvris adgilis gaTvaliswinebiT
iqna dakvaluli), Tanadroulad ki sivrculi gaazreba eklesiisa (romelic
Zelicxovlis luskumad iqna gadawyvetili), cxadyofs, rom tetrakonqis
tipis es nageboba originaluri, sakuTriv ZelicxovlisaTvis Seqmnili arq-
iteqturuli formaa. safiqrebelia, rom masTan somxuri xuroTmoZRvrebis
garkveuli nimuSebis Tanagvaroba, iseve rogorc mcxeTis Zelicxovlis
saerTokavkasiuri mniSvneloba somexTa da qarTvelTa moqcevis droinde-
li kavSirebis konteqstSi unda iqnas ganxiluli; amasTan mimarTebiT niSan-
doblivi unda iyos is garemoeba, rom somxuri tetrakonqebi – wm. rifsimes,
avanis eklesiebi – mcxeTis wm. jvris taZris Tanafardad, qveynis gaqris-
tianebis TemasTanaa dakavSirebuli; SemTxveviTi ver iqneba isic, rom somx-
uri saeklesio tradiciis Sesabamisad, es dakavSireba ara wm. grigol gan-
manaTleblis, aramed wm. ninos TanamegzurTa – wm. rifsimesa da wm. gaianes
saxelebTan mimarTebiT isaxeba. yovelive aRniSnuli ki adreqristianul
xanaSi qarTul-somxuri interkulturuli urTierTobebis niadagad
orive qveyanaSi qristianobis damkvidrebisa da gavrcelebis sawyisebis
Tanaxmianobaze unda metyvelebdes.
The Fragment of Stela from the Jvari Church of Mtskheta
Nana Sikharulidze, Zaza Skhirtladze
Summary
A grayish stone, found on the premises of the Jvari church of Mtskheta in 1948,
today is housed in the Georgian National Museum (Inv. No 482). The heavily damaged
fragment of stone with ribs broken off is a part of the stela, which is evidenced by the
shape of the stone and a cavity carved on its upper facet presumably intended for the
installation of a relief cross. This is also substantiated by the decoration on one of the
facets of the stone: similar to other Georgian stelae it is decorated with equal arm crosses
inserted in medallions and placed in a vertical row.
In the facet of the stela which is presumably the front one there is a representation
of the Escention of the Cross. Below it, in a register delimited with a wide relief line,
the composition of the Glory of Christ is given – depicted is the Savior with an angel on
each side. These images created a certain program that is based on the tradition of early
Christian fine arts – scenes imprinted with glory of Christ and signs of His triumph are
identical to the iconography of the images of consular diptychs.
The figure of a bearded man – a clergyman, with animals on his side, is depicted on
the left facet of the fragment of the stela. The nature of the composition as well as the
iconography of the image make it clear that the relief composition should be represent the
image of an ecclesiastic. Considering Georgian medieval artistic tradition, the image of
the monk depicted on the stela should be related to Assyrian Fathers and their monastic
activities.
Considering the stylistic and iconographic characteristics, the fragment of the stela
should be dated back to the 6th-7th cc. and related to the epoch of the construction of the
Jvari church.
The iconographic program on the fragment of the stela is a visual representation
of the political and confessional reality in Kartli in that epoch – the consolidation of
Christianity and the process of formation of national identity interpreted in the context of
these circumstances. Depicting a local monk, presumably an Assyrian Father on a stela
erected in close proximity to the ossuary of the erismtavaris of Kartli in the Jvari church
of Mtskheta points to the coincidence of interests of clerical and secular authorities on the
way of the independence and unification of the country. The first erismtavaris (Guaram
I, Stepanos I) striving for the political independence of Kartli emerge as the ideological
allies of Assyrian Fathers – spiritual heirs of St. Nino; while the Assyrian hermits – the
strengtheners of Christianity appear as figures fighting for the national identity of the
country. The stela and the Jvari church are unified in terms of the content they convey
both of them symbolically represent the recognition of Christianity, the triumph of Chris-
tian faith and the unity and independence of Kartli at the same time.
In 1938, in the process of the restoration of the Jvari church, the breakdown of
the later period chancel screen revealed a stone with dedicatory inscriptions carved in
the Asomtavruli script, devoted to the erismtavaris who built the monastery – Patrikios
Stephanos I as well as Hypatoses Demetre and Adarnase. This fragment of the stone,
considered by Giorgi Chubinishvili as the base of the Holy cross erected during the con-
vertion of Kartli, drew the attention of scholars in no time and raised heated debate.
Through his erroneous interpretation of Armenian and Georgian inscriptions carved
in the stone, Paruir Muradyan made an attempt to prove that the Jvari and the Ateni Sioni
Churches were constructed by the same person, namely, Armenian Todosak.
The analyses of the stela and the stone have shown that the stone with the inscription
could have been the base of a stela erected close to the Jvari church, and not the base of
the cross erected in the period of conversion of Kartli. Accordingly, it has become possi-
ble to reconstruct the stela of the Jvari church. Considering all the above, the construction
of the Jvari church as well as the historical and political background are to be interpreted
in a different way.
A number of Georgian scholars (I. Abuladze, M. Lortkipanidze, P. Zakaria, V. Berid-
ze) rebutted the opinion of Muradyan at the very outset. Yet there was still ambiguity
over the issue. Understanding the piece of stone and the fragment of the stela in a single
context added another significant proof to arguments expressed against the position of
Muradyan – the stone considered to be the base of the cross now appeared as having no
connection with the Jvari church of Mtskheta and its construction, which disproves the
opinion of the Armenian scholar.
Thus, the stela of the the Jvari church of Mtskheta, along with the iconographic pro-
gram depicted on it, is a visual representation of the cultural and political events of Kartli
in the turn of the 6th-7th cc., as well as the local program developed based on an ideologi-
cal agreement between clerical and secular leaders of Kartli. The dedicatory inscription
on the base of the stela presents Stepanos I – the main ktetor of the church and the stela,
along with some other Erismtavaris – Hypatoses Demetre and Adarnase – as an active
participant and the leader of the process.
1 2
3 4
sur. 1 mcxeTis jvris stela. saerTo xedi. m. kilaZis foto, 2016 w.

sur. 2 mcxeTis jvris stela. wina waxnagi. ufali didebiTa, jvris amaRleba. m. kila-
Zis foto, 2016 w.
sur. 3 mcxeTis jvris stela. marcxena waxnagi. mowese mama. m. kilaZis foto, 2016 w.
sur. 4 mcxeTis jvris stela. ukana waxnagi. m. kilaZis foto, 2016 w.
sur. 5 mcxeTis jvris stela. wina waxnagi. sqema. n. CakvetaZis naxazi.

sur. 6 mcxeTis jvris stela. marcxena waxnagi. sqema. n. CakvetaZis naxazi.
sur. 7 eCmiaZinis saxarebis yda. erevani, matenadarani.

sur. 8 muranos diptiqi. ravena, erovnuli muzeumi.
10
11
sur. 9 sakonsulo diptiqi. fragmenti – jvris amaRleba. berlini, bodes muzeumi.

sur. 10 mcxeTis wm. jvris eklesia. samxreTi karis timpani. jvris amaRleba. s. melaZis
foto, 2016 w.
sur. 11 TeTriwyaro. RmrTismSoblis eklesia. samxreTi karis zRudari. jvris amaR-
leba. r. Smerlingis naxazi.
12
13
14
sur. 12 mcxeTis wm. jvris eklesia. samxreTi fasadis dasavleTi monakveTi. macxovris
amaRleba. s. melaZis foto, 2016 w.
sur. 13 qvemo bolnisis eklesia. macxovris amaRleba.
sur. 14 eZani. RmrTismSoblis eklesia. dasavleTi karis timpani. RmrTismSoblis
amaRleba. n. sixaruliZis foto, 2015 w.
15
16
sur. 15 atenis sioni. CrdiloeTi fasadis dasavleTi kuTxe. wm. daviT garejelis
cxovrebis ciklis scena _ wm. lukianes mier irmebis wvela, samsonisa da lo-
mis SeWideba. z. sxirtlaZis foto, 2014 w.
sur. 16 garejis mravalmTis udabnos monastris mTavari eklesia. darbazis Crdi-
loeTi kedlis dasavleTi monakveTi. wm. daviT garejelis cxovrebis ciklis
scena – irmebis Civili wm. daviTis winaSe. z. sxirtlaZis foto, 1999 w.
17
18
sur. 17 erismTavar stefanos I-is moneta. m. kilaZis foto, 2003 w.

sur. 18 mcxeTis wm. jvris eklesia. qarTlis erismTavarTa saqtitoro gamosaxulebe-
bis rigi aRmosavleT fasadze. s. melaZis foto, 2016 w.
19
20 21
sur. 19 mcxeTis wm. jvris eklesia. postamentis qva. saerTo xedi. s. melaZis foto,
2016 w.
sur. 20 mcxeTis wm. jvris eklesia. postamentis qva. centraluri waxnagi qarTuli
saqtitoro warweriT. s. melaZis foto, 2016 w.
sur. 21 mcxeTis wm. jvris eklesia. postamentis qva. marjvena waxnagi somxuri sa-
momlocvelo warweriT. s. melaZis foto, 2016 w.
22
23
sur. 22 mcxeTis wm. jvris eklesia. postamentis qva. centraluri waxnagi qarTuli saq-
titoro warweriT. sqema. z. sxirtlaZis naxazi.
sur. 23 mcxeTis wm. jvris eklesia. postamentis qva. marjvena waxnagi somxuri samomlo-
cvelo warweriT. sqema. z. sxirtlaZis naxazi.
24
24 25
sur. 24 mcxeTis jvris stela. savaraudo rekonstruqcia. n. CakvetaZis da z. sxirtla-

Zis naxazi, 2016 w.
sur. 25 mcxeTis wm. jvris eklesia. interieri. z. sxirtlaZis foto, 2009 w.
26
sur. 26 mcxeTis wm. jvris eklesia. Zelicxo-

vlis postamenti. gegma da xedebi. i.
banZelaZis naxazi, 2006 w.
sur. 27 uflis saflavis rotonda. savarau-
27
do rekonstruqcia, j. uilkinsonis
mixedviT.
28
29
sur. 28 mcxeTis wm. jvris eklesiis kompleqsi. gengegma. i. banZelaZis naxazi, 2006 w.
ruxi feriT miniSnebulia savaraudo areali, sadac SeiZleba aRmarTuli yo-
filiyo stela.
sur. 29 mcxeTis wm. jvris eklesiis kompleqsi. VI-VII ss. retrospeqtiuli gengegma. i.
banZelaZis naxazi, 2006 w.
30
sur. 30 mcxeTis wm. jvris eklesiis kompleqsi VI-VII ss. mijnaze. v. cincaZis re-
konstruqcia.

Stelis Fragmenti Mcxetis Wm. Jvris Tazridan Saistorio Krebuli

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Stelis Fragmenti Mcxetis Wm. Jvris Tazridan Saistorio Krebuli

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statia:

stelis fragmenti mcxeTis wm. jvris taZridan

stelis fragmenti mcxeTis wm. jvris taZridan

nana sixaruliZe, zaza sxirtlaZe

saqarTvelos saxelmwifo muzeumis qvis fondSi daculia monac-

wiboebCamotexili da Zlier dazianebuli qvis fragmenti qvajvaris

uli ageba, formis, xazis plastikuri xasiaTi, gamosaxulebaTa da-

buli eZanis sionis aRmosavleTi fasadis sarkmlis qveS amokveTili

taZris mSeneblobis dasawyissac da qristianuli msoflmxedvelobis

(VI-VII ss.),20 musxis (VI-VII ss.),21 stelebze, agreTve, savaraudod, dava-

mocemuli kompoziciac, romelic samecniero literaturaSi naTlis-

naTlisRebasTan SeuZlebels xdis kompoziciaSi wm. ioane naTlismcem-

SesaZlebelia, aixsnas Tavad qvajvris funqciidan gamomdinare – xSirad qvajvarebs,

saCino xdeba, rom qvajvaris kompoziciur centrs, zeda nawilSi, med-

irTmeven.33 aRsaniSnavia dmanisSi, yizil-qilisas sakurTxevlis samxreT

s.) (sur. 16),37 garejas mravalmTisave berTubnis monastris satrapezos

vlad edeba qvajvarebis arsebobas, qristianobis aRiarebis simbolos

sayuradReboa, rom Zveli gadmocemebis safuZvelze X saukuneSi Se-

eebs moilocaven; maTi winamZRoli, wm. ioane zedazneli Tayvans scems

nianTa mxardaWeriT gaZlierebul somxeTis eklesiasa da monofizito-

ro II (591-628) Tavis imperiaSi da mis gavlenas daqvemdebarebul qvey-

mcxeTis wm. jvris taZari, romelic qveynis sarwmunoebis aRm-

manxutis,57 giorgiwmindas,58 CunCxas,59 agaras,60 abalaras61 da sxva ekle-

lad gvevlineba. SesaZlebelia mcxeTis jvris stelaze aRbeWdili mow-

1938 wels, mcxeTis wm. jvris taZris restavraciis procesSi gvi-

qvis Sesaxeb Tavdapirvelad daiwera g. CubinaSvilis monografiaSi

[...]ad stefa|[no]]s patriki|[osi]]sa, demetr|[e Âp]]atosisa, a|[drn]-

warweris sruli teqsti mkvlevarTa mier aRniSnuli periodis epi-

Джвари,” macne, istoriis, arqeologiis, eTnografiisa da xelovnebis istoriis

moT, mijriT – msxvili grafema Թ.69 warweras mkvlevarTa nawili70 gra­

[. . .]յրի (an յրբ) փրկու[թեան յիշ]|ատ[ա]կ[ի] հոգւ[ոց] | արնոց եւս[. . .]

[. . .] saxsnelad, saxsenebelad sulTa [- - - - - -]ac71

imave waxnagis Sua monakveTze, somxuri warweris Camoswvriv, amo-

aRniSnuli Tvalsazrisi sruliad logikuria, Tumca sakiTxis sirTulis

seuli `cxovreba wminda ninosi~, sadac mcxeTis Zelicxoveli wm. ninos

erwo-TianeTSi, JaleTis taZarSia SemorCenili.75 man mcxeTis jvrisagan

dasaxva SesaZlebels xdis vivaraudoT, rom taZris agebis dros mcx-

saZirkvlisa da mis Tavze arsebuli gumbaTis urTierToba qmnis. Sesa-

neebis qarTuli mxatvrobisaTvisaa saxasiaTo.85 aRniSnulidan gamom-

narkvevis pirvel nawilSi mcxeTis wm. jvris taZarSi aRmoCenili,

mcxeTis jvris qvajvari (kvarcxlbekica da svetis fragmentic)

Tanadroulad an Semdgom mcxeTis wm. jvris taZris mSeneblobaSi iReb-

mier iqna aRmarTuli. rogor Cans, g. CubinaSviliseul wakiTxvaSi a.

aRniSnulic adasturebs, rom warweriani qva ara Zelicxovlis posta-

elobiTi funqcia scildeba erT, Tundac saerismTavro sagvareulos.

niSandoblivia, rom mkvlevarTa mier teqstis aRdgenis dRemde

[SewevniTa RmrTisaÁTa, aRxemarTa juari ese salocvel]]ad

romlis mixedviTac aRsadgeni sityvis Tavze qaragmis naSTi gairCeva: warweraze

amgvarad, mcxeTis wm. jvris taZarsa da erismTavarTa saxlis mo-

viTarebidan gamomdinare, VI saukuneSi gamokveTili aRmsareblobis –

VI saukunis pirveli naxevridan, roca kavkasiis qveynebi qristianobis

midrekil ars naTesavi Cueni~. ix. Zveli qarTuli agiografiuli literaturis

rebaSi qarTlSi asurel mamaTa moRvaweobam saxelmwifoebrivi mniSvn-

qarTvel-somexTa Soris saeklesio ganxeTqileba,119 mcxeTis wm. jvris

patrikiosis politikuri kursis Sinaarss ikrebs, zemoT dasaxelebul

valis maxloblad aRmarTuli stela, nakveTi warwerisa da reliefuri

mcxeTis jvris stelasTan dakavSirebuli problemebi scdeba

wm. jvris taZarSi gamovlenili qvis fragmenti, masze arsebuli qa-

Rvrul iqna, rogorc qristianuli xelovnebis mkafiod TviTmyofadi

SemdgomSi gairkva sadao TemasTan dakavSirebuli, principulad mniS-

Беридзе, “Еше раз о храме Джвари, о взаимоотношениях Грузинской и Армянской архитектуре и

mcxeTis jvris stelis kvarcxlbekad mas taZrisa da misi mSeneblobis

bas ganacxadebs, rac aRniSnul Zeglebs gamorCeulad qarTuli erovnuli

moT, mijriT – msxvili grafema Թ.69 warweras mkvlevarTa nawili70 gra