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TRABAJO DE REVISIÓN C P
Palabras clave:
Isquemia, reperfusión, RESUMEN ABSTRACT
daño tisular, cirugía
plástica.
El fenómeno isquemia-reperfusión es un proceso inevitable Ischemia-reperfusion injury is an inevitable process in
Key words:
en cirugía plástica. Después de una isquemia prolongada, plastic surgery. After a prolonged ischemia, adenosine
Ischemia, reperfusion, el adenosín trifosfato se reduce y aumenta el sodio y calcio triphosphate is reduced and intracellular sodium and
tissue injury, plastic intracelular. Cuando ocurre la reperfusión, aumenta el calcium increase. When reperfusion occurs, reactive
surgery. oxígeno en la mitocondria y se inicia una serie de eventos oxygen increases in the mitochondria and a series of
que provocan la lesión del tejido. La reperfusión causa events begins that cause initiate tissue injury. Reperfusion
aún más daño tisular que la isquemia. Numerosos medica- causes even more tissue damage than ischemia. Numerous
mentos, sustancias y métodos han sido probados con el fin medications, substances and methods have been tested in
de reducir la lesión por isquemia y reperfusión. Podemos order to reduce ischemia and reperfusion injury. We can
dividir el tratamiento en dos partes: farmacológico y no divide the treatment in two parts: pharmacological and
farmacológico. Del tratamiento con fármacos, las estatinas non-pharmacological. In the pharmacological treatment,
(3 hidroxi 3 metilglutaril coenzima A reductasa) como statins (3 hydroxy 3 methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase
agentes para reducir el colesterol han demostrado efecto inhibitors) as cholesterol reducing agents have shown
terapéutico sobre la lesión por isquemia-reperfusión en therapeutic effect on ischemia reperfusion injury in many
muchos órganos diferentes. En cuanto a tratamiento sin different organs. As a non-pharmacological treatment,
fármacos, el preacondicionamiento consiste en episodio de preconditioning consists of a brief alternating episode
isquemia alternando con reperfusión, lo que desencadena of ischemia and reperfusion, which triggers an adaptive
un mecanismo adaptativo que protege los tejidos frente a mechanism, that protects tissues against injury from a
la isquemia prolongada y reperfusión. Esta revisión discute subsequent sustained ischemia and reperfusion. This review
el efecto y tratamiento del fenómeno isquemia-reperfusión discusses the effect and treatment of ischemia-reperfusion
aplicado a cirugía plástica. applied to plastic surgery.
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effect of streptokinase and allopurinol on island skin E-mail: guiyermoramos@hotmail.com
www.medigraphic.org.mx