Fisica y Quimica - Santillana-Autores: Depatri y Otros

Saber clave
Recursos para el docente
FSICA
Y QUMICA
Materia: modelo corpuscular,
cambios y carcter elctrico.
Magnetismo. Fuerzas y campos
Ana Mara Deprati
Fabin G. Diaz
Gabriel D. Serani
ES 2. ao
FSICA
Y QUMICA
Materia: modelo corpuscular,
cambios y carcter elctrico.
Magnetismo. Fuerzas y campos
Saber clave
Recursos para el docente
FSICA y QUMICA 2. MATERIA: MODELO CORPUSCULAR, CAMBIOS Y CARCTER
ELCTRICO. MAGNETISMO. FUERZAS Y CAMPOS - Recursos para el docente es
una obra colectiva, creada y diseada en el Departamento Editorial de
Ediciones Santillana, bajo la direccin de Graciela Prez de Lois, por el
siguiente equipo:
Ana Mara Deprati
Fabin G. Daz
Gabriel D. Serani
Editora: Mara Gabriela Barderi.
Jefa de edicin: Edith Morales.
Gerencia de gestin editorial: Mnica Pavicich.
ndice
3FDVSTPTQBSBMBQMBOJGJDBDJO QHt$MBWFEFSFTQVFTUBT QH
+FGBEFBSUF$MBVEJB'BOP
%JBHSBNBDJOCPOBDPSTJEJTFP
3FWJTJOEFDPOUFOJEPT"OB.BSB%FQSBUJ
$PSSFDDJO1BVMB'4NVMFWJDI
*MVTUSBDJPOFT.BOVFM-PJT
&TUFMJCSPOPQVFEFTFSSFQSPEVDJEPUPUBMOJQBSDJBMNFOUF
FOOJOHVOBGPSNB OJQPSOJOHONFEJPPQSPDFEJNJFOUP
TFBSFQSPHSmDP GPUPDPQJB NJDSPmMNBDJO NJNFHSBGP
P DVBMRVJFS PUSP TJTUFNB NFDOJDP GPUPRVNJDP FMFDUSOJDP JOGPSNUJDP NBHOUJDP FMFDUSPQUJDP FUDUFSB
$VBMRVJFSSFQSPEVDDJOTJOQFSNJTPEFMBFEJUPSJBMWJPMB
EFSFDIPTSFTFSWBEPT FTJMFHBMZDPOTUJUVZFVOEFMJUP
&%*$*0/&44"/5*--"/"
"W-/"MFN $""1

$JVEBE"VUOPNBEF#VFOPT"JSFT "SHFOUJOB
*4#/
2VFEBIFDIPFMEFQTJUPRVFEJTQPOFMBMFZ
*NQSFTPFO"SHFOUJOB1SJOUFEJO"SHFOUJOB
1SJNFSBFEJDJOFOFSPEF
&TUFMJCSPTFUFSNJOEFJNQSJNJSFOFMNFTEF
FOFSPEF FO(SBmTVS4" $PSUFKBSFOB
$JVEBE"VUOPNBEF#VFOPT"JSFT 3FQCMJDB
"SHFOUJOB
Fsica y qumica 2. Materia: modelo corpuscular, cambios y carcter elctrico. Magnetismo.

Fuerzas y campos. : recursos para el docente / Ana Mara Deprati
... [et.al.]. - 1a ed. Buenos Aires : Santillana, 2011.
24 p. ; 28x22 cm. - (Saberes clave)
ISBN 978-950-46-2533-9
1. Formacin Docente. 2. Fsica. 3. Qumica. I. Deprati, Ana
Mara
CDD 372.19
Recursos para la planificacin

2
Captulo
Contenidos
-PTNBUFSJBMFT
1SPQJFEBEFTEFMPTNBUFSJBMFT
-PTFTUBEPTEFBHSFHBDJOEFMBNBUFSJB
&MNPEFMPEFQBSUDVMBT
-BUFPSBDJOUJDPNPMFDVMBSZMPTFTUBEPTEF
MBNBUFSJB
7BSJBCMFTRVFBGFDUBOBVOTJTUFNB
-BTMFZFTFYQFSJNFOUBMFTEFMPTHBTFT
-BMFZEF(BZ-VTTBD
-BUFPSBFYQMJDBMBTMFZFTFYQFSJNFOUBMFT
&DVBDJPOFTEFFTUBEPEFMPTHBTFTJEFBMFT
$BNCJPTEFFTUBEP
$BNCJPTEFFTUBEPSFHSFTJWPT
$BNCJPTEFFTUBEPQSPHSFTJWPT
$BNCJPEFFTUBEPZUFNQFSBUVSB
%FTDSJQDJOEFMBNBUFSJBZMPTNBUFSJBMFTFOGVODJOEF
TVTQSPQJFEBEFTFTQFDGJDBT
$MBTJGJDBDJOEFMPTNBUFSJBMFTTFHOEJGFSFOUFTDSJUFSJPT
"OMJTJTEFMBTQSPQJFEBEFTNBDSPTDQJDBTEFMPT
NBUFSJBMFT
%FTDSJQDJOEFMPTFTUBEPTEFBHSFHBDJOEFMBNBUFSJBFO
USNJOPTEFMBUFPSBDJOUJDPNPMFDVMBS
&TUVEJPQBSUJDVMBSEFMDPNQPSUBNJFOUPEFMFTUBEPHBTFPTP
FOSFMBDJODPOMBTWBSJBCMFTEFFTUBEP
$PNQSFOTJOEFMBTMFZFTFYQFSJNFOUBMFTEFMPTHBTFT
JEFBMFTZTVBOMJTJTTFHOMBUFPSBDJOUJDPNPMFDVMBS
%FTDSJQDJOEFMBTOPSNBTZMPTQSPDFEJNJFOUPTEFM
USBCBKPEFMBCPSBUPSJP
-FDUVSBTPCSFMPTHMPCPTBFSPTUUJDPTZTVSFMBDJODPOFM
DPNQPSUBNJFOUPEFVOHBT
-FDUVSBTPCSFMPTNBUFSJBMFTEFMGVUVSP DPOFMPCKFUJWPEF
BOBMJ[BSMBTQPTJCJMJEBEFTRVFPGSFDFO
$BSBDUFSJ[BSMPTNBUFSJBMFTUFOJFOEPFODVFOUBTVT
QSPQJFEBEFTFTQFDGJDBTZTVTVTPTFOFMDPOUFYUP
TPDJBMZDVMUVSBM
$PNQSFOEFSMBJNQPSUBODJBEFMNPEFMPEF
QBSUDVMBTDPNPIFSSBNJFOUBRVFQFSNJUFFYQMJDBS
FMDPNQPSUBNJFOUPEFMBNBUFSJB
*OUFSQSFUBSMBEJTDPOUJOVJEBEEFMBNBUFSJB
VTBOEPFMNPEFMPDJOUJDPNPMFDVMBS
3FQSFTFOUBS BUSBWTEFNPEFMPT
USJEJNFOTJPOBMFT MBEJTQPTJDJOEFMBTQBSUDVMBT
FOMPTFTUBEPTEFBHSFHBDJO
*OUFSQSFUBSMPTDBNCJPTEFFTUBEPFOUSNJOPTEF
HBOBODJBPQSEJEBEFFOFSHB
$BSBDUFSJ[BSFMFTUBEPHBTFPTPEFTEFFMNPEFMP
DJOUJDPNPMFDVMBS
3FDPOPDFSMBTWBSJBCMFTRVFBGFDUBOBVOTJTUFNB
gaseoso.
1SFEFDJSFMDPNQPSUBNJFOUPEFVOTJTUFNBHBTFPTP
BMNPEJGJDBSTFMBTWBSJBCMFTRVFMPBGFDUBO
"QMJDBSMBTFDVBDJPOFTNBUFNUJDBTEFMBTMFZFTEF
los gases a la resolucin de ejercicios.
(SBGJDBSMPTSFTVMUBEPTFYQFSJNFOUBMFTZEFEVDJS
MBTFYQSFTJPOFTNBUFNUJDBTDPSSFTQPOEJFOUFT
6UJMJ[BSFMMFOHVBKFDJFOUGJDP
&MFTUVEJPEFM6OJWFSTP
$MBTJGJDBDJOEFTJTUFNBTNBUFSJBMFT
-BTNF[DMBT
.F[DMBTIPNPHOFBTPTPMVDJPOFT
-BTPMVCJMJEBE
$PODFOUSBDJOEFMBTTPMVDJPOFT
$PODFOUSBDJO TPMVCJMJEBEZNPEFMPEF
QBSUDVMBT
&YQSFTJOZDMDVMPEFMBDPODFOUSBDJO
4FQBSBDJOEFMPTDPNQPOFOUFTEFVOB
solucin.
%FTUJMBDJOTJNQMF
%FTUJMBDJO'SBDDJPOBEB
$SJTUBMJ[BDJO
&YUSBDDJODPOTPMWFOUFT
$SPNBUPHSBGB
&TUVEJPEFMPTEJGFSFOUFTTJTUFNBTNBUFSJBMFTUFOJFOEPFO
DVFOUBFMUBNBPEFMBTQBSUDVMBTEFVOTJTUFNB
$MBTJGJDBDJOEFMBTNF[DMBTIPNPHOFBT TPMVDJPOFT

UFOJFOEPFODVFOUBMPTFTUBEPTEFBHSFHBDJO
"OMJTJTEFMPTGBDUPSFTRVFDPOEJDJPOBOMBTPMVCJMJEBEEF
VOBTVTUBODJBFOVOTPMWFOUF
&TUVEJPEFMPTEJGFSFOUFTNUPEPTEFTFQBSBDJOEFMPT
DPNQPOFOUFTEFVOBTPMVDJO
&TUVEJPEFMPTNPEPTEFFYQSFTBSMBDPODFOUSBDJOFOMBT
soluciones.
"OMJTJTEFMBDPODFOUSBDJOTFHOFMNPEFMPEF
QBSUDVMBT
3FTPMVDJOEFQSPCMFNBTDPONPEPTEFFYQSFTBSMB
DPODFOUSBDJOEFVOBTPMVDJO
%FTDSJQDJOEFMNBOFKPBEFDVBEPEFMNBUFSJBMEF
MBCPSBUPSJPZMJNQJF[B
-FDUVSBTPCSFFMTOESPNFEFEFTDPNQSFTJOFOFMCV[PZ
TVSFMBDJODPOMBTPMVCJMJEBEEFMPTHBTFT
-FDUVSBTPCSFMBTTPMVDJPOFTZTVTBQMJDBDJPOFTFOMBWJEB
DPUJEJBOB FOQBSUJDVMBSFOMBJOEVTUSJBGBSNBDVUJDB
$MBTJGJDBSEJGFSFOUFTUJQPTEFTJTUFNBTNBUFSJBMFT
*OUFSQSFUBSMBTJOUFSBDDJPOFTFOUSFQBSUDVMBTEF
TPMVUPZTPMWFOUFDPNPSFTQPOTBCMFTEFMQSPDFTP
de disolucin.
$MBTJGJDBSTPMVDJPOFTEFBDVFSEPDPOTV
DPODFOUSBDJOBVOBUFNQFSBUVSBEBEB
6UJMJ[BSMPTNUPEPTBQSPQJBEPTQBSBTFQBSBSMPT
DPNQPOFOUFTEFVOBTPMVDJO
&YQMJDBSDVBMJUBUJWBNFOUFMBTSFMBDJPOFTTPMVUP
TPMWFOUFZTPMVUPTPMVDJODPNPNPEPEF
FYQSFTBSMBDPODFOUSBDJOEFVOBTPMVDJO
%FTDSJCJSFMDPODFQUPEFDPODFOUSBDJOEFTEFFM
NPEFMPEFQBSUDVMBT
$BMDVMBSMBDPODFOUSBDJOEFEJWFSTBTTPMVDJPOFT
3FDPOPDFSMBWBSJFEBEEFTPMVDJPOFTRVF FO
EJTUJOUPTFTUBEPTEFBHSFHBDJO TFVUJMJ[BO
DPUJEJBOBNFOUF
4FMFDDJPOBSFMNUPEPNTBEFDVBEPEF
TFQBSBDJOEFDPNQPOFOUFTTFHOMBT
DBSBDUFSTUJDBTEFMBTTPMVDJPOFTBTFQBSBS
6UJMJ[BSFMWPDBCVMBSJPUDOJDPBEFDVBEP
5SBCBKBSFOFMMBCPSBUPSJPCBKPMBTOPSNBTEF
TFHVSJEBEFTUVEJBEBT
Los estados
de la materia
Las soluciones
Santillana S.A. Prohibida su fotocopia. Ley 11.723
Estrategias didcticas
Expectativas de logro
Los cambios
fsicos y qumicos
El tomo
-PTDBNCJPTFOFM6OJWFSTP
-BTSFBDDJPOFTRVNJDBTSFBDUJWPTZ
QSPEVDUPT
-BTGSNVMBTZMBTFDVBDJPOFTRVNJDBT
7BSJFEBEEFSFBDDJPOFTRVNJDBT
3FBDDJPOFTDJEPCBTF
El pH.
-BMMVWJBDJEB
3FBDDJPOFTEFQSFDJQJUBDJO
3FBDDJPOFTEFYJEPSFEVDDJOPSFEPY
-BDPNCVTUJO
3FBDDJPOFTRVNJDBTZFOFSHB
3FBDDJPOFTFYPUSNJDBTZFOEPUSNJDBT
1SFTFOUBDJOEFVOBCBOJDPEFGFONFOPTRVNJDPTRVF
TFQSPEVDFOBEJBSJPQBSBQFSNJUJSVOBBQSPYJNBDJO
BMDPODFQUPEFDBNCJPRVNJDPZMPTGBDUPSFTRVFMP
EJTUJOHVFOEFVODBNCJPGTJDP
6UJMJ[BDJOEFSFQSFTFOUBDJOJDOJDBDPOFMPCKFUJWPEF
DPNQSFOEFSMBTSFBDDJPOFTRVNJDBTDPNPEFTUSVDDJO
EFMPTTJTUFNBTBUNJDPTJOJDJBMFTZMBGPSNBDJOEFPUSPT
OVFWPT DPODPOTFSWBDJOEFMPTUPNPT
*OUFSQSFUBDJOEFMBTSFBDDJPOFTRVNJDBTFOUSNJOPTEF
JOUFSDBNCJPEFFOFSHBDPOFMNFEJP
5SBCBKPDPOFMMFOHVBKFZMBTFYQSFTJPOFTTJNCMJDBTEFMB
RVNJDBFODVBOUPBMVTP FMTFOUJEPZFMTJHOJGJDBEPEFMBT
ecuaciones.
1SFTFOUBDJOEFMQSPCMFNBEFMCBMBODFPEFMBTFDVBDJPOFT
RVNJDBToQPSUBOUFPoQBSBJOEJDBSMBDPOTFSWBDJOEF
UPNPTEFDBEBFMFNFOUPZMBOPDJOEFDPOTFSWBDJOEF
la masa.
%FTDSJQDJOEFMPTQBTPTBTFHVJSQBSBQMBOJGJDBSZMMFWBSB
DBCPVOUSBCBKPFYQFSJNFOUBM
&TUVEJPEFMBTSFBDDJPOFTRVNJDBTDPNPMBDPNCVTUJOZ
TVSFMBDJODPOFMBNCJFOUF
-FDUVSBTPCSFMBDPSSPTJOZTPCSFFMIJESHFOPDPNP
BMUFSOBUJWBBMPTDPNCVTUJCMFTGTJMFT
3FDPOPDFSMBEJGFSFODJBFOUSFDBNCJPTRVNJDPTZ
GTJDPT ZDMBTJmDBSMPT
$POTUSVJSVOBQSJNFSBOPDJOEFDBNCJPRVNJDP
DPNPEFTUSVDDJOEFTVTUBODJBTZGPSNBDJOEF
PUSBTOVFWBT
6UJMJ[BSFMNPEFMPEJTDPOUJOVPEFNBUFSJBQBSB
JOUFSQSFUBSFMDBNCJPRVNJDP
&NQMFBSNPEFMPTJDOJDPTQBSBSFQSFTFOUBSMPT
FTUBEPTJOJDJBMZmOBMEFVOTJTUFNBFOFMRVF
PDVSSBVODBNCJPRVNJDP
6TBSFMMFOHVBKFTJNCMJDPQSPQJPEFMB2VNJDBBM
FTDSJCJSMBTFDVBDJPOFTRVNJDBT
&YQMJDBSMBTSFBDDJPOFTRVNJDBTRVFDPOUBNJOBO
MPTFDPTJTUFNBTZDVMFTFMPSJHFOEFFTUBT
1MBOJmDBSZSFBMJ[BSUSBCBKPTFYQFSJNFOUBMFTRVF
QFSNJUBOWFSDBNCJPTBOJWFMNBDSPTDQJDP Z
FYQMJDBS VUJMJ[BOEPFMNPEFMP TJTFUSBUBEF
DBNCJPTGTJDPTPRVNJDPT DPOBSHVNFOUPTRVF
GVOEBNFOUFODBEBQPTJDJO
1BSUDVMBTRVFGPSNBOMBNBUFSJB
-FZEFDPOTFSWBDJOEFMBNBTB
-FZEFMBTQSPQPSDJPOFTEFGJOJEBT
-FZEFMBTQSPQPSDJPOFTNMUJQMFT
6ONPEFMPEFUPNP
&MEFTDVCSJNJFOUPEFMODMFP
.PEFMPBUNJDPBDUVBM
1SPQJFEBEFTEFMPTUPNPT
)JTUPSJBEFMBUBCMBQFSJEJDB
5BCMBQFSJEJDBBDUVBM
$BSBDUFSTUJDBTEFMBUBCMBQFSJEJDBBDUVBM
-BFMFDUSPOFHBUJWJEBEZFMDBSDUFSNFUMJDP
1SPQJFEBEFTEFMPTNFUBMFT
1SPQJFEBEFTEFMPTOPNFUBMFT
&OUSFMPTNFUBMFTZMPTOPNFUBMFTMPT
NFUBMPJEFT
-PTFMFNFOUPTSBEJBDUJWPT
%FTDSJQDJOEFMBFWPMVDJOEFMNPEFMPBUNJDP DPOFM
mOEFDPNQSFOEFSMBOBUVSBMF[BFMDUSJDBEFMBNBUFSJB
&YQMJDBDJOEFMBTQSPQJFEBEFTEFMPTUPNPT DPNPTV
NBTB MBGPSNBDJOEFJPOFT FMONFSPBUNJDPZFM
nmero msico.
3FDPOPDJNJFOUPEFMONFSPBUNJDPDPNPDBSBDUFSTUJDP
EFDBEBFMFNFOUPZTVWJODVMBDJODPOMBOBUVSBMF[BZMB
DPNQPTJDJOEFDBEBUJQPEFUPNP
%FTDSJQDJOEFMBFWPMVDJOIJTUSJDBEFMPSEFOBNJFOUPEF
MPTFMFNFOUPTRVNJDPTFOMBUBCMBQFSJEJDB
1SFTFOUBDJOEFMBUBCMBQFSJEJDBBDUVBMEFMPTFMFNFOUPT
RVNJDPTZEJGFSFODJBDJOFOUSFHSVQPTZQFSPEPT
&TUVEJPEFMBSFMBDJOEFMPSEFOBNJFOUPEFMPTFMFNFOUPT
RVNJDPTZTVTQSPQJFEBEFTGTJDBTZRVNJDBT
$MBTJmDBDJOEFMPTFMFNFOUPTFONFUMJDPT OPNFUMJDPT
ZNFUBMPJEFTEFBDVFSEPDPOTVTQSPQJFEBEFT
&YQMJDBDJOTFODJMMBEFMPTFMFNFOUPTSBEJBDUJWPTZTVT
propiedades.
&YQMJDBDJOEFDNPMMFWBSBDBCPMBTJOWFTUJHBDJPOFT
escolares.
-FDUVSBEFUFYUPTTPCSFMBTWBSJFEBEFTEFDBSCPOPZTPCSF
MBBOUJNBUFSJB
*OUFSQSFUBSMBOBUVSBMF[BFMDUSJDBEFMBNBUFSJBB
QBSUJSEFMVTPEFVONPEFMPTFODJMMPEFUPNP
3FDPOPDFSBMONFSPBUNJDPDPNPDBSBDUFSTUJDP
EFDBEBFMFNFOUP
7JODVMBSFMONFSPBUNJDPDPOMBOBUVSBMF[BZMB
DPNQPTJDJOEFDBEBUJQPEFUPNP
3FDPOPDFSMBTGPSNBTEFSFQSFTFOUBDJOQSPQJBTEF
MBRVNJDBBUSBWTEFMPTTNCPMos de los
FMFNFOUPT
$PNQSFOEFSMBFWPMVDJOZFMDBNCJPEFDSJUFSJPT
EFMPSEFOBNJFOUPQFSJEJDPEFMPTFMFNFOUPTBMP
MBSHPEFMUJFNQPZMPTBWBODFTDJFOUGJDPT
%FTDSJCJSMBSFMBDJOEFMPSEFOBNJFOUPQFSJEJDPEF
MPTFMFNFOUPTZTVTQSPQJFEBEFT
6UJMJ[BSMBUBCMBQFSJEJDBBDUVBMDPNPVOBGVFOUF
WBMJPTBEFJOGPSNBDJO
%JGFSFODJBSFOUSFHSVQPTZQFSPEPTEFMBUBCMB
peridica.
%JTUJOHVJSFMFNFOUPTNFUMJDPTZOPNFUMJDPTFOMB
UBCMBQFSJEJDB
$MBTJGJDBSMPTFMFNFOUPTFONFUBMFTZOPNFUBMFTEF
acuerdo con sus propiedades.
-MFWBSBDBCPJOWFTUJHBDJPOFTFTDPMBSFTRVF
DPNCJOFOTJUVBDJPOFTDPNPCTRVFEBT
CJCMJPHSGJDBT USBCBKPTEFMBCPSBUPSJPPTBMJEBTEF
campo.
$PNQSFOEFSMBOBUVSBMF[BFMDUSJDBEFMBNBUFSJB
NFEJBOUFMBMFDUVSBEFUFYUPTJOGPSNBUJWPT
Captulo
Contenidos
-PTGFONFOPTFMDUSJDPT
-BOBUVSBMF[BEFMBFMFDUSJDJEBE
7BSJFEBEEFGFONFOPTFMFDUSPTUUJDPT
-BJOUFSBDDJOFMFDUSPTUUJDB
-PTNBUFSJBMFTDPOEVDUPSFTFMDUSJDPT
-PTNBUFSJBMFTTVQFSDPOEVDUPSFT
-PTNBUFSJBMFTBJTMBOUFTEFMBFMFDUSJDJEBE
-PTTFNJDPOEVDUPSFT
&MDBNQPFMDUSJDP
-BSFMBDJOFOUSFMBGVFS[BFMFDUSPTUUJDBZMB
EJTUBODJB
-BTDBSHBTFOVODPOEVDUPSZFMFGFDUPEFMBT
QVOUBT
-BJOEVDDJOFMFDUSPTUUJDB
%FTDSJQDJOIJTUSJDBEFMPTGFONFOPTFMDUSJDPTFOMB
"OUJHFEad.
&TUBCMFDJNJFOUPEFBOBMPHBTZTFNFKBO[BTFOUSFMPT
GFONFOPTFMDUSJDPTBUNPTGSJDPTZMPTDPUJEJBOPT
&YQMJDBDJOEFMDPNQPSUBNJFOUPFMDUSJDPEFMPT
NBUFSJBMFTBQBSUJSEFMNPEFMPBUNJDPZEFTVFTUSVDUVSB
JOUFSOB
%FTDSJQDJOEFMBWBSJFEBEEFGFONFOPTFMFDUSPTUUJDPTZ
MBJOUFSBDDJOFMFDUSPTUUJDB
6UJMJ[BDJOEFMBOPDJOEFDBNQPQBSBFYQMJDBSMBT
JOUFSBDDJPOFTFMDUSJDBTBEJTUBODJB
3FDPOPDJNJFOUPEFMBFDVBDJOEFMBMFZEF$PVMPNC
DPNPVOJOTUSVNFOUPNBUFNUJDPNFEJBOUFFMDVBMFT
QPTJCMFDBMDVMBSMBTGVFS[BTTFHOMBDBSHBFMDUSJDBZMB
EJTUBODJBRVFMBTTFQBSB
$MBTJmDBDJOEFMPTNBUFSJBMFTFODPOEVDUPSFTZBJTMBOUFT
EFBDVFSEPDPOTVDPNQPSUBNJFOUPGSFOUFBDBNQPT
FMDUSJDPT
&YQMJDBDJOEFMPTEJTUJOUPTNFDBOJTNPTRVFQFSNJUFO
EPUBSEFDBSHBBVOPCKFUPoJOEVDDJO GSPUBNJFOUPo ZTV
SFDPOPDJNJFOUPFOFKFNQMPTDPUJEJBOPT
"OMJTJTEFMPTQSPDFEJNJFOUPTOFDFTBSJPTQBSBMB
SFTPMVDJOEFQSPCMFNBT DPOFMmOEFFODPOUSBS
SFTQVFTUBT
-FDUVSBEFUFYUPTTPCSFMPTSBZPTZSFMNQBHPT
*OUFSQSFUBSMPTDPNQPSUBNJFOUPTFMDUSJDPTEFMPT
NBUFSJBMFTBQBSUJSEFMNPEFMPBUNJDPZEFTV
FTUSVDUVSBJOUFSOB
&YQMJDBSMBFMFDUSJmDBDJOEFVODVFSQPFO
USNJOPTEFHBOBODJBPQSEJEBEFFMFDUSPOFT
%FTDSJCJSMBTGVFS[BTFMDUSJDBTFOUSNJOPTEF
JOUFSBDDJOFOUSFDBSHBTEFJHVBMPEJGFSFOUFTJHOP
6UJMJ[BSMBOPDJOEFDBNQPQBSBFYQMJDBSMBT
JOUFSBDDJPOFTFMDUSJDBTBEJTUBODJB
$PNQSFOEFSMPTEJTUJOUPTNFDBOJTNPTRVF
QFSNJUFOEPUBSEFDBSHBBVOPCKFUPoJOEVDDJO
GSPUBNJFOUPoZSFDPOPDFSMPTFOFKFNQMPT
DPUJEJBOPT
3FDPOPDFSMBFDVBDJOEFMBMFZEF$PVMPNCDPNP
VOJOTUSVNFOUPNBUFNUJDPNFEJBOUFFMDVBMFT
QPTJCMFDBMDVMBSMBTGVFS[BTTFHOMBDBSHB
FMDUSJDBZMBEJTUBODJBRVFMBTTFQBSB
$MBTJmDBSMPTNBUFSJBMFTFODPOEVDUPSFTZBJTMBOUFT
EFBDVFSEPDPOTVDPNQPSUBNJFOUPGSFOUFB
DBNQPTFMDUSJDPT
&MBCPSBSQMBOFTEFBDDJOQBSBMBCTRVFEBEF
TPMVDJPOFTBQSPCMFNBTPQSFHVOUBTQMBOUFBEPT
&MBCPSBSIJQUFTJTZSFBMJ[BSFYQFSJFODJBTTFODJMMBT
EFFMFDUSPTUUJDB ZQSFEFDJSMPTSFTVMUBEPTBMBGFDUBS
BMHVOBTEFMBTWBSJBCMFT DPNPDBSHBTPEJTUBODJBT
&TUBCMFDFSBOBMPHBTZTFNFKBO[BTFOUSFMPT
GFONFOPTFMDUSJDPTBUNPTGSJDPTZMPTDPUJEJBOPT
NFEJBOUFMBMFDUVSBEFUFYUPTJOGPSNBUJWPT
-BTQJMBTZMBTCBUFSBT
-PTDJSDVJUPTFMDUSJDPT
$JSDVJUPTFOTFSJF
$JSDVJUPTFOQBSBMFMP
&MGMVKPEFDBSHBTZMBMFZEF0IN
-BSFQSFTFOUBDJOEFDJSDVJUPTFMNPEFMP
IJESVMJDP
-BSFTJTUFODJBEFMPTDBCMFT
-BDPSSJFOUFBMUFSOB
-BQPUFODJBFMDUSJDB
&MFGFDUP+PVMF
&MDPSUPDJSDVJUP
1SFDBVDJPOFTBOUFMBDPSSJFOUFFMDUSJDB
-BTSFEFTEPNJDJMJBSJBT
&MDBNJOPEFMBFMFDUSJDJEBEIBTUBOVFTUSBT
casas.
-BTSFEFTEFUSBOTQPSUFZEJTUSJCVDJO
&MBIPSSPEFFMFDUSJDJEBE
%FTDSJQDJOEFMBTQJMBTZCBUFSBTDPOFMQSPQTJUPEF
FYQMJDBSMBQSPEVDDJOEFDPSSJFOUFFMDUSJDB
3FDPOPDJNJFOUPEFMPTFMFNFOUPTEFVODJSDVJUPFMDUSJDP
TFODJMMPZEFTVGVODJO
%FTDSJQDJOMBTVOJEBEFTFORVFTFFYQSFTBOMBTWBSJBCMFT
EFVODJSDVJUP
3FQSFTFOUBDJOHSmDBEFDJSDVJUPTFMDUSJDPTTFODJMMPT
6UJMJ[BDJOEFBOBMPHBIJESVMJDBQBSBFYQMJDBSMB
DPSSJFOUFFMDUSJDB
*OUFSQSFUBDJOEFMBDPSSJFOUFFMDUSJDBDPNP
NPWJNJFOUPEFDBSHBT
%FTBSSPMMPEFMPTDPODFQUPTEFQPUFODJBTFMDUSJDBTZ
QPUFODJBTFMDUSJDBTEJTJQBEBTQPSEJWFSTPTBQBSBUPTB
QBSUJSEFVONPEFMPTFODJMMP
%JGFSFODJBDJOFOUSFMPTDPODFQUPTEFDPSSJFOUF
DPOUJOVBZBMUFSOB
&YQMJDBDJOEFMBQSPEVDDJOZMBEJTUSJCVDJOEFMB
DPSSJFOUFFMDUSJDBEFTEFMBQMBOUBQSPEVDUPSBIBTUBMBT
grandes ciudades.
-FDUVSBEFUFYUPTTPCSFMBFMFDUSJDJEBE TVTVTPTZ
DPOTFDVFODJBTTPCSFMBTBMVEZFMBNCJFOUF
*OUFSQSFUBSMBDPSSJFOUFFMDUSJDBDPNP
NPWJNJFOUPEFDBSHBT
3FDPOPDFSMPTEJTUJOUPTFMFNFOUPTEFVODJSDVJUP
FMDUSJDPTFODJMMPZFYQMJDBSTVGVODJPOBNJFOUP
$POPDFSMBTVOJEBEFTFORVFTFFYQSFTBOMBT
WBSJBCMFTEFVODJSDVJUP
3FQSFTFOUBSHSGJDBNFOUFDJSDVJUPTFMDUSJDPT
sencillos.
%JTFBSZDPOTUSVJSDJSDVJUPTFMDUSJDPTTFODJMMPT
6UJMJ[BSMBTVOJEBEFTBEFDVBEBTQBSBFYQSFTBS
QPUFODJBTFMDUSJDBTZQPEFSFTUJNBSQPUFODJBT
FMDUSJDBTEJTJQBEBT
3FDPOPDFSMPTDVJEBEPTOFDFTBSJPTBMUSBCBKBSDPO
DPSSJFOUFFMDUSJDBZMBTOPSNBTEFTFHVSJEBEFO
FMIPHBS
"OBMJ[BSUFYUPTJOGPSNBUJWPTTPCSFFMJNQBDUPRVF
UJFOFFOMBTBMVEZFOFMBNCJFOUFFMVTPEFMB
FMFDUSJDJEBE
$POTUSVJSTJTUFNBTIJESVMJDPTDPOFMPCKFUJWP
EFFNQMFBSMPTDPNPBOBMPHBQBSBFYQMJDBSFM
DPODFQUPEFDPSSJFOUFFMDUSJDB
Los materiales y
la electricidad
La corriente
elctrica
Los imanes
naturales y
artificiales
El magnetismo y
sus aplicaciones
-PTJNBOFTOBUVSBMFTZFMNBHOFUJTNP
-PTQPMPTEFVOJNO
"USBDDJPOFTZSFQVMTJPOFT
1BSUJDJOEFJNBOFT
-PTNBUFSJBMFTGFSSPNBHOUJDPT
'FONFOPTNBHOUJDPT
-BQSPUFDDJOBOUJNBHOUJDB
$BSBDUFSTUJDBTEFMBTGVFS[BTNBHOUJDBT
6OBGVFS[BiBEJTUBODJBw
-BTJOUFSBDDJPOFTNBHOUJDBT
&MDBNQPNBHOUJDP
$BNQPTBUSBDUJWPTZSFQVMTJWPT
&MQSJNFSNPEFMPDJFOUGJDPEFMNBHOFUJTNP
-PTUSBCBKPTQPTUFSJPSFTB(JMCFSU
-PTFMFDUSPOFTZFMNPEFMPEFMNBHOFUJTNP
-BUFNQFSBUVSBEF$VSJF
"MHVOBTBQMJDBDJPOFTEFMPTJNBOFT
1SFTFOUBDJOEFMPTJNBOFTOBUVSBMFTZFMNBHOFUJTNP
FOFMDPOUFYUPIJTUSJDP
%FTDSJQDJOEFMPTQPMPTEFVOJNOZMBTGVFS[BTRVF
TFHFOFSBOFOUSFJNBOFT
$BSBDUFSJ[BDJOEFMBGVFS[BNBHOUJDBZTVEJGFSFODJB
DPOMBTGVFS[BTFMDUSJDBT
%FTDSJQDJOEFMPTNBUFSJBMFTGFSSPNBHOUJDPT
&YQMJDBDJOEFGFONFOPTDPUJEJBOPTBQBSUJSEFNPEFMPT
DPOGVFS[BTNBHOUJDBT DPNPMBJOEVDDJONBHOUJDBZFM
GFSSPNBHOFUJTNP
%FTDSJQDJOEFMDBNQPNBHOUJDPDPOFMPCKFUJWPEF
FYQMJDBSMBTJOUFSBDDJPOFTNBHOUJDBTBEJTUBODJB
*OUFSQSFUBDJOEFMBTGVFS[BTNBHOUJDBTBQBSUJSEFMB
OPDJOEFDBNQPNBHOUJDP
6UJMJ[BDJOEFNPEFMPTDPOFMmOEFFYQMJDBSMBT
propiedades de los imanes.
$MBTJmDBDJOEFMPTNBUFSJBMFTBQBSUJSEFTV
DPNQPSUBNJFOUPGSFOUFBDBNQPTNBHOUJDPT
6UJMJ[BDJOEFUDOJDBTJOEJSFDUBTDPOFMPCKFUJWPEF
WJTVBMJ[BSGFONFOPTOBUVSBMFT DPNPFMDBNQP
NBHOUJDP
"OMJTJTDSUJDPEFBSUDVMPTDJFOUmDPTSFMBDJPOBEPTDPOFM
NBHOFUJTNPZMBJNQPSUBODJBEFMBTGVFOUFTEF
informacin.
%FTDSJCJSMPTIFDIPTIJTUSJDPTSFMBDJPOBEPTDPO
MPTGFONFOPTNBHOUJDPT
3FDPOPDFSMBFYJTUFODJBEFGVFS[BTNBHOUJDBTZ
EJGFSFODJBSMBTEFMBTFMDUSJDBT
*OUFSQSFUBSMBTGVFS[BTNBHOUJDBTBQBSUJSEFMB
OPDJOEFDBNQPNBHOUJDP
6UJMJ[BSMBOPDJOEFDBNQPQBSBFYQMJDBSMBT
JOUFSBDDJPOFTNBHOUJDBTBEJTUBODJB
$MBTJGJDBSMPTNBUFSJBMFTBQBSUJSEFTV
DPNQPSUBNJFOUPGSFOUFBDBNQPTNBHOUJDPT
&YQMJDBSGFONFOPTDPUJEJBOPTBQBSUJSEF
NPEFMPTDPOGVFS[BTNBHOUJDBT DPNPMB
JOEVDDJONBHOUJDBZFMGFSSPNBHOFUJTNP
-FFSZDPOTVMUBSEJWFSTBTGVFOUFTEFJOGPSNBDJO
ZDPOUSBTUBSMBTBGJSNBDJPOFTZMPTBSHVNFOUPTFO
MBTRVFTFGVOEBODPOMBTUFPSBTDJFOUGJDBTRVF
EFODVFOUBEFMPTGFONFOPTJOWPMVDSBEPT
-BJOWFODJOEFMBCSKVMB
-BFYQMJDBDJOEF(JMCFSU
-PTQPMPTEFMJNOFOVOBCSKVMB
-PTQPMPTNBHOUJDPTZHFPHSGJDPTEFMB
5JFSSB
6OBCSKVMBJNQSFDJTB
&MDBNQPNBHOUJDPUFSSFTUSF
$BSBDUFSTUJDBTEFMDBNQPHFPNBHOUJDP
6TPEFMBCSKVMBDVJEBEPTEFVOBCSKVMB
EVSBOUFFMVTPZBMHVBSEBSMB
-BCSKVMBZMBOBWFHBDJO
&MTJTUFNB(14
&MNBHOFUJTNPZMBFMFDUSJDJEBE
&MDBNQPNBHOUJDPEFVOBDPSSJFOUF
FMDUSJDB
6TPTEFMPTFMFDUSPJNBOFT
&MFDUSPJNBOFTTVQFSDPOEVDUPSFT
&MNPUPSFMDUSJDP
%FTDSJQDJOEFMBCSKVMBDPNPJOTUSVNFOUPRVF
JOUFSBDDJPOBDPOMPTDBNQPTQBSBMBPSJFOUBDJO
&YQMJDBDJOEFMPTQPMPTNBHOUJDPTZMPTQPMPT
HFPHSmDPT ZTVSFMBDJODPOMBEFDMJOBDJOZMB
JODMJOBDJONBHOUJDBT
1SFTFOUBDJOZEFTDSJQDJOEFMDBNQPHFPNBHOUJDP
&YQMJDBDJOEFMGVODJPOBNJFOUPZMPTDVJEBEPTEFMB
CSKVMB CBTBEBFOTVDPNQPSUBNJFOUPGSFOUFBMDBNQP
HFPNBHOUJDP
%FTDSJQDJOEFMPTQSJODJQBMFTGFONFOPTEFJOUFSBDDJPOFT
FOUSFNBHOFUJTNPZFMFDUSJDJEBE ZFKFNQMJmDBDJODPO
VTPTDPUJEJBOPT DPNPMBHSBFMFDUSPNBHOUJDB FM
UFMHSBGPZFMNPUPSFMDUSJDP
6TPZDPOTUSVDDJOEFJOTUSVNFOUPTDPOFMPCKFUJWPEF
QPOFSBQSVFCBIJQUFTJTSFGFSJEBTBMNBHOFUJTNP
-FDUVSBTPCSFMPTTFSFTWJWPTZFMNBHOFUJTNP FMDBTP
QBSUJDVMBSEFMBTQBMPNBTZMPT[BIPSFT
3FMBUBSMPTIFDIPTIJTUSJDPTSFMBDJPOBEPTDPO
MBCSKVMBFJOUFSQSFUBSFMNPWJNJFOUPEFFTUF
JOTUSVNFOUPEFPSJFOUBDJOBQBSUJSEFMBT
JOUFSBDDJPOFTFOUSFJNBOFTZDBNQPT
$PNQSFOEFSFMGVODJPOBNJFOUPEFVOBCSKVMB
QBSBPSJFOUBSTFFTQBDJBMNFOUF CBTBEPFOFM
DBNQPNBHOUJDPUFSSFTUSF
3FDPOPDFSZEFTDSJCJSMPTQSJODJQBMFTGFONFOPT
EFJOUFSBDDJPOFTFOUSFNBHOFUJTNPZ
FMFDUSJDJEBE ZFKFNQMJmDBSDPOVTPTDPUJEJBOPT
&YQMJDBSDVBMJUBUJWBNFOUFGFONFOPTDPUJEJBOPT
BQBSUJSEFNPEFMPTDPOGVFS[BTNBHOUJDBT
3FBMJ[BSUSBCBKPTFYQFSJNFOUBMFTVUJMJ[BOEP
JOTUSVNFOUPTBEFDVBEPTRVFQFSNJUBODPOUSBTUBS
MBTIJQUFTJTGPSNVMBEBTTPCSFMBTQSPCMFNUJDBT
WJODVMBEBTBMPTDPOUFOJEPTFTQFDmDPT
$POTUSVJSJOTUSVNFOUPTEFNFEJDJODBTFSPT
DPNPFMFMFDUSPJNO
Captulo
Fuerzas,
interacciones y
campos
Contenidos
-BTGVFS[BTZTVTFGFDUPT
-BSFQSFTFOUBDJOEFMBTGVFS[BT
-PTTJTUFNBTEFGVFS[BT
-BTJOUFSBDDJPOFT
*OUFSBDDJPOFTiFTQFDJBMFTwMBGVFS[BEF
friccin.
-BJOUFSBDDJOHSBWJUBUPSJB
&MDBNQPHSBWJUBUPSJP
&MDBNQPHSBWJUBUPSJPZFMNPWJNJFOUPEFMPT
BTUSPT
-BBUSBDDJOMVOBSZMBTNBSFBT
$BNQPTFMDUSJDPTZNBHOUJDPT
&MDBNQPFMFDUSPNBHOUJDP
-BQSFTJO
-BQSFTJOFOMPTGMVJEPT
%FTDSJQDJOEFMPTFGFDUPTRVFQSPEVDFOMBTGVFS[BTTPCSF
los cuerpos.
6UJMJ[BDJOEFMMFOHVBKFTJNCMJDPQSPQJPEFMB'TJDBBM
FTDSJCJSZSFQSFTFOUBSNBHOJUVEFT
"OMJTJTEFMBNFEJDJOEFVOBGVFS[BZTVTVOJEBEFTEF
medida.
$MBTJmDBDJOEFMBTNBHOJUVEFTFOFTDBMBSFTZWFDUPSJBMFT
DPOFMPCKFUJWPEFSFQSFTFOUBSMBNBHOJUVEGVFS[B
*EFOUJmDBDJOEFMBTGVFS[BTRVFBDUBOFOVOTJTUFNBZ
DMDVMPEFMBGVFS[BSFTVMUBOUFEFMTJTUFNBNFEJBOUFMPT
diagramas adecuados.
&TUVEJPEFMBUFSDFSBMFZEF/FXUPOPMFZEFJOUFSBDDJO
EFGVFS[BT
%FTDSJQDJOEFMBGVFS[BEFGSJDDJODPNPVODBTP
QBSUJDVMBSEFJOUFSBDDJO
*OUSPEVDDJOBMBOPDJOEFDBNQPHSBWJUBUPSJPDPO
FMPCKFUJWPEFQPOFSFOFWJEFODJBMBTJOUFSBDDJPOFT
HSBWJUBUPSJBT
%FTDSJQDJOEFMBSFMBDJOFOUSFFMDBNQPHSBWJUBUPSJP FM
NPWJNJFOUPEFMPTBTUSPTZMBTNBSFBT
3FQSFTFOUBDJOHSmDBEFDBNQPTEFDBSHBT JNBOFTZ
DPSSJFOUFT FTUBCMFDJFOEPTJNJMJUVEFTZEJGFSFODJBT
&YQMJDBDJOEFMDPODFQUPEFQSFTJOFOMPTnVJEPT
FNQMFBOEPFMNPEFMPDJOUJDPNPMFDVMBS
&TUVEJPEFMBTNFEJDJPOFTFOMBFYQFSJNFOUBDJOZTVT
errores.
-FDUVSBTTPCSFMBBVTFODJBEFHSBWFEBEZTVTFGFDUPTFOFM
DVFSQPIVNBOP
%FTDSJCJSMPTEJGFSFOUFTFGFDUPTRVFQSPWPDBOMBT
GVFS[BTTPCSFMPTDVFSQPT
3FDPOPDFSMBEJGFSFODJBFOUSFGVFS[BTEFDPOUBDUP
ZGVFS[BTBEJTUBODJB
3FQSFTFOUBSMBTGVFS[BTNFEJBOUFEJBHSBNBT
BEFDVBEPTZTFBMBSFOFMMPTMBGVFS[BSFTVMUBOUF
&TUBCMFDFSMBEJGFSFODJBFOUSFMBGVFS[BRVFVO
DVFSQPSFDJCFZFMDBNQPEFJOUFSBDDJORVFMB
QSPWPDB
&YQMJDBSFMDPODFQUPEFDBNQPHSBWJUBUPSJPZTV
SFMBDJODPOFMNPWJNJFOUPEFMPTBTUSPTZMBT
mareas.
3FQSFTFOUBSHSmDBNFOUFDBNQPTEFDBSHBT
JNBOFTZDPSSJFOUFT FTUBCMFDJFOEPTJNJMJUVEFTZ
diferencias.
6UJMJ[BSMPTUSNJOPTBEFDVBEPTQBSBSFGFSJSTFB
GFONFOPTRVFJOWPMVDSFOGVFS[BTZQSFTJPOFT Z
VTBSMBTVOJEBEFTQFSUJOFOUFTQBSBFYQSFTBSMPT
7BMPSBSMBJNQPSUBODJBEFMBSFDPMFDDJOZFM
SFHJTUSPEFEBUPTFOFMUSBCBKPFYQFSJNFOUBM Z
UFOFSFODVFOUBMPTQPTJCMFTFSSPSFTEFNFEJDJO
Clave de respuestas
Seccin
La naturaleza corpuscular
de la materia
Pgina 9
1. 1BSBMBGBCSJDBDJOEFMBDBCJOB TFVUJMJ[LFWMBSZGJCSBEFDBSCPOP MPRVFQFSNJUBQSFTVSJ[BSMBZGBDJMJUBSMBSFTQJSBDJOEF
MPTUSJQVMBOUFTBHSBOEFTBMUVSBT
2. $VBOEPEFCFNPTFMFHJSFMNBUFSJBMOFDFTBSJPQBSBVOGJOEFUFSNJOBEP FT JNQPSUBOUF DPOPDFS DPO FYBDUJUVE QPS VO MBEP MBT
QSPQJFEBEFTEFMNBUFSJBMZ QPSFMPUSP MBTEFMPCKFUPRVFRVFSFNPTDPOTUSVJS
3. &OMPTUVCPT FMQSPQBOPTFFODVFOUSBFOFTUBEPMRVJEP NJFOUSBTRVFBMUSBTMBEBSMPBMHMPCPQBTBBMFTUBEPHBTFPTP&TUPPDVrre por la disminucin de la presin que sufre el propano al salir
EFMUVCPEFUJUBOJP
4. &MRVFNBEPSVCJDBEPEFCBKPEFMBCPDBEFMHMPCPTFVUJMJ[BQBSB
DBMFOUBS FM HBT EFOUSP EF FTUF "M IBDFSMP FM HBT TF FYQBOEF
BVNFOUBTVWPMVNFO EJTNJOVZFTVEFOTJEBEZBTDJFOEF DVNQMJFOEPDPOFMQSJODJQJPEF"SRVNFEFT&TUPTFSFMBDJPOBDPO
MBDBSBDUFSTUJDBEFMPTHBTFTEFDPNQSJNJSTFZEJMBUBSTFBOUFMBT
WBSJBDJPOFTEFUFNQFSBUVSB
Pgina 11
5. &TUBQSFHVOUBBENJUFWBSJBTSFTQVFTUBT ZBRVFFYJTUFOEJWFSTPT
DSJUFSJPT EF DMBTJGJDBDJO TFHO FM VTP RVF TF MF RVJFSB EBS BM
BHSVQBNJFOUPPCUFOJEP"FTUPTNBUFSJBMFT QPSFKFNQMP TFMPT
QPESBDMBTJGJDBSEFBDVFSEPDPOTVPSJHFOFONBUFSJBMFTOBUVSBMFT
EFPSJHFOBOJNBM WFHFUBMZNJOFSBM PFONBUFSJBMFTBSUJGJDJBMFT
DSFBEPTQPSFMIPNCSF
4FHOFTUFDSJUFSJPMPTHSVQPTTFSBO
t Naturales de origen animal: lana.
t Naturales de origen vegetal: madera.
t Naturales de origen mineral:QJFESB DPCSF
t Artificiales:BDFSP QPMJDBSCPOBUP CSPODF WJESJP
0USBDMBTJGJDBDJOQPESBTFSNBUFSJBMFTPQBDPT IJFSSP NBEFSB
BDFSP DPCSF MBOB CSPODFZQJFESB
ZUSBOTQBSFOUFT QPMJDBSCPOBUP WJESJP

0USBQPTJCJMJEBEFTQPSTVVTPNBUFSJBMFTQBSBMBDPOTUSVDDJO
IJFSSP NBEFSB BDFSP DPCSF QPMJDBSCPOBUP CSPODF QJFESB WJESJP
ZQBSBMBJOEVTUSJBUFYUJM MBOB

6. 6OB QPTJCJMJEBE TFSB DMBTJGJDBS MPT NBUFSJBMFT FO SFTJTUFOUFT
Z GSHJMFT TJFOEP MPT QSJNFSPT MPT NT BQUPT QBSB GBCSJDBS MPT
FNCBMBKFTEFPCKFUPTGSHJMFT0USBQPTJCJMJEBETFSBBHSVQBSMPT
UPNBOEP FO DVFOUB MB DBQBDJEBE RVF UJFOFO EF BCTPSCFS MPT
DIPRVFTQSPEVDJEPTQPSQPTJCMFTHPMQFT TJFOEPBQUPTQBSBFTUB
GVODJOMBHPNBFTQVNB FMUFMHPQPS FUDUFSB
Pgina 13
5. &MQSPQBOPTVGSFVOBSFBDDJOEFDPNCVTUJO&OQSFTFODJBEF
PYHFOPTFUSBOTGPSNBFOEJYJEPEFDBSCPOPZBHVBDPOMJCFSBDJOEFMV[ZDBMPS.VDIPTPUSPTNBUFSJBMFTZTVTUBODJBTQVFEFO
TVGSJSDPNCVTUJO DPOMJCFSBDJOEFMMBNBZTJOFMMB-PTNT
DPOPDJEPTTPOMPTRVFTFVTBOIBCJUVBMNFOUFDPNPDPNCVTUJCMFTQBSBDBMFGBDDJPOBSBNCJFOUFT DPDJOBSBMJNFOUPTPQSPQVMTBSWFIDVMPTNBEFSB OBGUBT HBTOBUVSBM
7. a) &MPMPSEFVOQFSGVNFMMFHBBOVFTUSBOBSJ[DPNPHBTZ QPS
MPUBOUP UJFOEFBPDVQBSUPEPFMFTQBDJPEJTQPOJCMF GMVZF

b) -BNBEFSBTFFODVFOUSBFOFTUBEPTMJEP ZOPTFBEBQUBBMB
GPSNBEFVOSFDJQJFOUFTJOFNCBSHP FMMRVJEPT ZBRVFFT
un fluido.
Pgina 14
1 Los estados de la materia

Pgina 10
1. 1PSRVFOPSFBMJ[VOBEFNPTUSBDJODJFOUGJDBEFFTUBTUFPSBT
TJOPRVFTFCBTFYDMVTJWBNFOUFFOTVTIJQUFTJT
8. 4FFTQFSBRVFMPTBMVNOPTQVFEBOFYQSFTBSFOGPSNBCSFWFMPT
DPODFQUPTEFMBUFPSBDJOUJDPNPMFDVMBS-BTJEFBTRVFEFCFSBOJODMVJSFOFTUFSFTVNFOTPOMBQSFTFODJBEFQBSUDVMBT MB
FOFSHBDJOUJDBEFFTUBTRVFEFUFSNJOBTVNPWJNJFOUPZMBSFMBDJOFOUSFFOFSHBDJOUJDBZUFNQFSBUVSB
Pgina 15
2. 4FFTQFSBRVFMPTBMVNOPTFWJEFODJFOFOTVTFTRVFNBTMBTDBSBDUFSTUJDBTRVFBTJHOBOBMPTNBUFSJBMFTMBTUFPSBTBMBTRVFTF
IBDFSFGFSFODJBFOFMUFYUPMPTNBUFSJBMFTFTUOGPSNBEPTQPS
GVFHP BJSF BHVBZUJFSSBFOEJGFSFOUFTQSPQPSDJPOFT &NQEPDMFT
ZMPTNBUFSJBMFTFTUOGPSNBEPTQPSQBSUDVMBTJOEJWJTJCMFT
NVZQFRVFBT %FNDSJUP

3. &MUSNJOPUPNP EFPSJHFOHSJFHP RVJFSFEFDJSiJOEJWJTJCMFw
ZBRVFFTBFSBMBDBSBDUFSTUJDBRVFMFTBTJHOBCB%FNDSJUPBMBT
QBSUDVMBTRVFDPNQPOBOUPEBTMBTDPTBT
4. &M UFYUP TF SFGJFSF B RVF DPNP MPT QSJODJQBMFT SFGFSFOUFT JOUFMFDUVBMFT EF MB QPDB OP TF IJDJFSPO FDP EF FTUB UFPSB OP MB
USBOTNJUJFSPOBTVTBMVNOPTZ QPSMPUBOUP OPGVFTVGJDJFOUFNFOUFDPOPDJEBDPNPQBSBRVFTFBEPQUBSBDPNPWMJEB PBM
NFOPTGVFSBEJTDVUJEBBEFDVBEBNFOUFFOFMNVOEPDJFOUGJDP
EFMBQPDBZFMQPTUFSJPS
9. -PT NBUFSJBMFT RVF TF FODVFOUSBO FO FTUBEP TMJEP QSFTFOUBO

VOBFTUSVDUVSBJOUFSOBDSJTUBMJOB MBTGVFS[BTEFVOJOFOUSFMBT
QBSUDVMBTFTNVZJOUFOTBZTVQFSBOTVFOFSHBDJOUJDB QPSMP
RVFTPMPQVFEFONPWFSTFFOUPSOPBQVOUPTGJKPT&OMPTMRVJEPT FODBNCJP IBZNBZPSEJTUBODJBFOUSFMBTQBSUDVMBT FTUBT
DBSFDFOEFVOPSEFOBNJFOUPQSFDJTPZMBTGVFS[BTFOUSFFMMBTTPO
NFOPSFT QPSMPRVFTVGPSNBQVFEFWBSJBSDPODJFSUBGBDJMJEBE
10. (BTFPTPMRVJEPTMJEP4FFYQMJDBQPSMBDBOUJEBEEFQBSUDVMBT
QSFTFOUFTQPSVOJEBEEFWPMVNFOFODBEBFTUBEPEFBHSFHBDJO
11. 6OTMJEPDSJTUBMJOPQSFTFOUBTVTQBSUDVMBTCJFOPSEFOBEBTVO
TMJEPBNPSGP FODBNCJP DBSFDFEFFTUSVDUVSBPSEFOBEB4VT
NPMDVMBTTVFMFOTFSNVZDPNQMFKBTZOPQFSNJUFOVOPSEFOBNJFOUPQFSGFDUP
Pgina 16
12. 4FHOMPTQPTUVMBEPTEFMBUFPSBDJOUJDPNPMFDVMBSMBTWBSJBCMFTEFFTUBEPQBSBVOHBTJEFBMTPOFMWPMVNFO MBUFNQFSBUVSB MBNBTBZMBQSFTJO
13. -BQSFTJOTFSFMBDJPOBDPOFMONFSPEFDIPRVFTRVFTFQSPEVDFOFOUSFMBTQBSUDVMBTEFMHBT"NFOPSFTQBDJPQBSBVONJTNP
ONFSPEFQBSUDVMBT NTDIPRVFTIBCS"NBZPSONFSPEF
DIPRVFTFOUSFMBTQBSUDVMBT NBZPSTFSMBQSFTJO"TVWF[ FM
WPMVNFOTFSFMBDJPOBDPOFMFTQBDJPRVFRVFEBFOUSFMBTQBSUDVMBTEFMHBTBNBZPSFTQBDJP NBZPSWPMVNFOPDVQBFMHBT
14. 4F FTQFSB RVF MPT BMVNOPT MVFHP EF IBCFS DPNQSFOEJEP FM
UFNB QVFEBOFMBCPSBSVOBEFGJOJDJOQPSTNJTNPT6OBQPTJCJMJEBEFTiMBTWBSJBCMFTEFFTUBEPTPOUPEBTMBTQSPQJFEBEFT
EFVOTJTUFNBNBUFSJBMRVFBMNPEJGJDBSTFDBNCJBOEFBMHVOB
NBOFSBFMTJTUFNBw
15. -BEFOTJEBEEFMBJSFDPOUFOJEPFOFMHMPCPEJTNJOVZFDVBOEP
BVNFOUBMBUFNQFSBUVSB TJFNQSFZDVBOEPMBQSFTJOTFNBOUFOHBDPOTUBOUF
&MBHVBMRVJEB FODBNCJP OPFYQFSJNFOUB
WBSJBDJPOFTEFEFOTJEBEBMTPNFUFSMBBVOBVNFOUPEFUFNQFSBUVSB QPSRVFFMWPMVNFOEFVOBEFUFSNJOBEBNBTBEFMRVJEP
FTJOWBSJBCMF
Pgina 17
16. "M EJTNJOVJS MB QSFTJO B MB NJUBE FM WPMVNFO TFS FM EPCMF
1BSBFMFKFNQMP
P1 V1 = P2 V2
4 atm 4 l = 2 atm V2
V2 =
4 atm 4 l
=8l
2 atm
17. "MBVNFOUBSMBUFNQFSBUVSBBMEPCMF FMWPMVNFOUBNCJOTFS

FMEPCMF
4JUFOFNPTMEFVOHBTB$ZMPMMFWBNPTB$
V1 V2
=
T 1 T2
4l
V2
=
25 C 50 C
V2 =
4 l 50 C
=8l
25 C
19. 4FHOMBMFZEF(BZ-VTTBD MBQSFTJOBVNFOUBFOGPSNBQSPQPSDJPOBMBMBUFNQFSBUVSB"MDJSDVMBSDPOFMBVUP MBUFNQFSBUVSB

EF MBT SVFEBT TF JODSFNFOUB QPS FM SP[BNJFOUP Z QPS MP UBOUP
BVNFOUBMBQSFTJO
20. 4FHOMBNJTNBMFZ FMBJSFEFOUSPEFMHMPCPTFFYQBOEFBMBVNFOUBSMBUFNQFSBUVSBZTFJODSFNFOUBMBQSFTJOTPCSFFMNBUFSJBMFMTUJDPRVFGPSNBFMHMPCP4JFTUFZBTFFODPOUSBCBJOGMBEP
BMNYJNPEFSFTJTUFODJB DVBOEPTFDBMJFOUB FMWPMVNFOEFBJSF
BVNFOUBZFMHMPCPFTUBMMB
Pgina 21
21. 4JMBTVTUBODJBUJFOFCBKPQVOUPEFGVTJO RVJFSFEFDJSRVFIBZ
RVF FOUSFHBSMF QPDB FOFSHB QBSB WFODFS MBT GVFS[BT EF BUSBDDJO RVF NBOUJFOFO VOJEBT MBT QBSUDVMBT EFM TMJEP QSFDJTBNFOUFQPSRVFFTUBTGVFS[BTTPOECJMFT
22. .JFOUSBTPDVSSFOMPTDBNCJPTEFFTUBEP MBUFNQFSBUVSBTFNBOUJFOFDPOTUBOUF ZBTFBOFTUPTSFHSFTJWPTPQSPHSFTJWPT
Pgina 23
23. a) 4FQSPEVKPVOBVNFOUPEFUFNQFSBUVSBEFMBHVBQPSMBEJTNJOVDJOEFMBQSFTJOQSPEVDJEBBMUJSBSEFMNCPMPEFMB
KFSJOHB&MCVSCVKFPJOEJDBRVFTFMMFHBMQVOUPEFFCVMMJcin.
b) 4JTFUSBCBKBDPOVOBTVTUBODJBDVZPQVOUPEFFCVMMJDJOOP
FTEFNBTJBEPBMUP QPESBBMDBO[BSTFEFFTUBNBOFSB PCJFO
VUJMJ[BOEPVONUPEPRVFMPHSFBVNFOUPTEFQSFTJOBEFDVBEPTBMBTUFNQFSBUVSBTRVFTFOFDFTJUBBMDBO[BS
c) -PTBMVNOPTVUJMJ[BSPOHVBSEBQPMWP MFOUFTEFTFHVSJEBEZ
HVBOUFTUVWJFSPOQSFDBVDJODVBOEPNBOJQVMBSPOFMDBMFOUBEPSFMDUSJDPZFMNBUFSJBMEFWJESJPGVFSPODBVUFMPTPTDPO
MBTTVTUBODJBTRVFVTBSPO FWJUBOEPTBMQJDBEVSBTBMDBSHBSMB
KFSJOHBZBMUSBTWBTBSFMMRVJEPBMUVCP
Pgina 24
24. &OMBTMFZFTEFMPTHBTFT"MDBMFOUBSVOHBT TVWPMVNFOUBNCJO
BVNFOUB Z TV EFOTJEBE EJTNJOVZF QPS MP RVF TF FMFWB FO FM
aire.
25. "MQSJODJQJP BJSFDBMJFOUFMVFHP IJESHFOP IFMJPZQSPQBOP
26. &MHMPCPOPQVFEFEJSJHJSTFMBEJSFDDJORVFUPNFFTUMJCSBEBB
MPTWJFOUPTZOPFTNVZTFHVSPOJQVFEFUSBOTQPSUBSNVDIPTQBTBKFSPT4FVUJMJ[BDPOGJOFTEFQPSUJWPTZSFDSFBUJWPT&MEJSJHJCMF
TFNPTUSDPNPQPDPTFHVSP)PZTFVUJMJ[BQSJODJQBMNFOUFDPO
GJOFTQVCMJDJUBSJPT
Pgina 25
18. V1
V2
=
T 1 T2
2l
V2
=
26 C 5 C
V2 =
2 l 5 C
= 0,38 l
26 C
27. a) y b) 0DVQB QPDP FTQBDJP TF QSFTFOUB FO DBQBT NVZ GJOBT
UJFOF HSBO DBQBDJEBE EF QSPDFTBNJFOUP FT GMFYJCMF USBOTQBSFOUF Z EPTDJFOUBT WFDFT NT SFTJTUFOUF RVF FM BDFSP &T
MJWJBOPZDPOEVDFNVZCJFOMBFMFDUSJDJEBE
c) 4FSFGJFSFBRVFMBTDBQBTPCUFOJEBTUJFOFOVOUPNPEFFTQFTPS DPOMPRVFQSDUJDBNFOUFEFTBQBSFDFMBEJNFOTJOQSPGVOEJEBE4FNBOUJFOFOMBTEPTEJNFOTJPOFTMBSHPZBODIP
28. &OFTUFQVOUPTFQVFEFHFOFSBSVOBJOUFSFTBOUFEJTDVTJOBQBSUJS
EFMBTJOWFTUJHBDJPOFTEFMPTBMVNOPT&MUFNBFTDPOUSPWFSUJEP
-PT EFGFOTPSFT EF MBT MFZFT EJDFO RVF FTUBT JNQJEFO RVF TF
Pgina 18
EFTUJOFOGPOEPTBMBTBDUJWJEBEFTWJPMFOUBT MBTHVFSSBTJOUFSUSJCBMFT FUD-PTEFUSBDUPSFTIBCMBOEFRVFFOSFBMJEBEFTUBTBDUJWJEBEFTOPQFSNJUFORVFMPTIBCJUBOUFTEFFTBT[POBT ZBEFQPST

FNQPCSFDJEBT MMFWFOBEFMBOUFMBOJDBBDUJWJEBERVFMFTSFQPSUB
ingresos econmicos.
c) 'BMTP4FHOMBMFZEF(BZ-VTTBD BWPMVNFODPOTUBOUF
P1
P2
P2 T1
=
QPSMPUBOUP T2 =
.
T1
T2
P1
$VBOEP12BVNFOUB 52UBNCJOMPIBDFQSPQPSDJPOBMNFOUF
&TUPTFDPNQSVFCBFOFMHSGJDP B.
Pgina 26
29.
Gases
Fluidez
Fluyen
Compresibilidad Alta
Forma
Sin forma
propia
Volumen
Indenido
Muy baja
Densidad
Lquidos
Slidos
Fluyen
No uyen
Casi no compresibles No compresibles
Sin forma propia
Con forma propia
Denido
Intermedia
Denido
Alta
30. 4FFTQFSBRVFMPTBMVNOPTIBZBOJOUFSOBMJ[BEPMBTFYQMJDBDJPOFT
EBEBTBDFSDBEFMBUFPSBDJOUJDPNPMFDVMBS EFNPEPEFQPEFS
FYQSFTBSTVTJEFBTNTJNQPSUBOUFTDPOTVTQSPQJBTQBMBCSBTZ
esquemas.
31. a) El esquema 1SFQSFTFOUBVOTJTUFNBFOFMRVFIBZVOBEFUFSNJOBEBDBOUJEBEEFQBSUDVMBTEFVOHBTFOVOSFDJQJFOUF
BMBQSFTJOEFMBNCJFOUF$VBOEPTFBHSFHBNTHBTEFTEF
VOBGVFOUFFYUFSOB FOFMFTRVFNB2IBZNBZPSONFSPEF
QBSUDVMBTFOFMNJTNPWPMVNFO&OFMFTRVFNB3 FMWPMVNFOEFMHBTBVNFOU
b) En 2 TF JODSFNFOUB FM ONFSP EF QBSUDVMBT FO FM NJTNP
WPMVNFO ZMBQSFTJOBVNFOUB4JOPTFFKFSDFQSFTJOFYUFSOB FOFMQBTP3FMWPMVNFOBVNFOUB
c) 4JTFFKFSDFVOBQSFTJOFYUFSOB QPSFKFNQMP QPOJFOEPQFTBTTPCSFMBUBQBEFNPEPRVFOPTFFMFWF FMWPMVNFOQFSNBOFDFSDPOTUBOUFZMBQSFTJOJOUFSOBEFMHBTBVNFOUBS
32. a) Verdadera.
b) 'BMTB"NBZPSUFNQFSBUVSBMBFOFSHBDJOUJDBEFMBTQBSUDVMBTBVNFOUB QPSMPRVFB$MBWJCSBDJOTFSNBZPS
c) 'BMTB -B DBOUJEBE EF QBSUDVMBT EFM HBT Z QPS MP UBOUP TV
NBTB OPTFNPEJGJDBOTMPIBDF FOFTUFDBTP FMWPMVNFO
d) 7FSEBEFSB $PNP MB EFOTJEBE TF EFGJOF DPNP FM DPDJFOUF
FOUSFMBNBTBZFMWPMVNFOEFVOBTVTUBODJB DVBOEPEJTNJOVJNPT FM WPMVNFO NBOUFOJFOEP DPOTUBOUF MB NBTB MB
EFOTJEBEBVNFOUB
e) 'BMTB "M JODSFNFOUBS MB UFNQFSBUVSB MB QSFTJO UBNCJO
BVNFOUB&TUPTFEFEVDFQPSFMBVNFOUPEFMBFOFSHBDJOUJDB TFHOMBUFPSBDJOUJDPNPMFDVMBS ZQPSMPTSFTVMUBEPT
FYQFSJNFOUBMFTRVFTFUSBEVDFOFOMBMFZEF(BZ-VTTBD
33. a) $PSSFDUP 4FHO MB MFZ EF #PZMF.BSJPUUF B UFNQFSBUVSB
DPOTUBOUF
P1 V1
.
P1 V1= P2 V2 QPSMPUBOUP P2 =
V2
$VBOEP72EJTNJOVZF 12BVNFOUBQSPQPSDJPOBMNFOUF&TUP
TFDPNQSVFCBFOFMHSGJDPA.
b) $PSSFDUP4FHOMBMFZEF$IBSMFTBQSFTJODPOTUBOUF
V1
V2
V1 T2
=
QPSMPUBOUP V2 =
.
T1
T2
T1
$VBOEP52BVNFOUF 72TFJODSFNFOUBSQSPQPSDJPOBMNFOUF
&TUPTFDPNQSVFCBFOFMHSGJDPC.
34. a) &MHBTTBMFDPONFOPTGVFS[BQPSRVFMBCBKBUFNQFSBUVSBMP
NBOUJFOFNFKPSEJTVFMUPFOFMBHVB-BEJTNJOVDJOEFMB
UFNQFSBUVSBSFEVDFMBFOFSHBDJOUJDBEFMBTQBSUDVMBTZ BM
NJTNPUJFNQP MBWFMPDJEBEZFMONFSPEFDIPRVFTFOUSF
ellas.
b) -B SVFEB TF TJFOUF NT DBMJFOUF -BT QBSUDVMBT EF BJSF TF
NPWFSO NVDIP NT SQJEBNFOUF Z FTUBSO NT BMFKBEBT
VOBTEFPUSBT
c) -BTQBSUDVMBTEFHBTUSBUBOEFPDVQBSUPEPFMFTQBDJPEJTQPOJCMF FTEFDJS TFEJGVOEFO4FWBOBMFKBOEPVOBTEFPUSBT
BNFEJEBRVFFMHBTTFFYQBOEFZTBMFEFMBHBSSBGB"OUFT
EFBCSJSMBHBSSBGBFTUBCBONVDIPNTDFSDBVOBTEFPUSBT
5BOUPNTDFSDB RVFFMHBTTFFODPOUSBCBFOFTUBEPMRVJEP
Pgina 27
35. a) 0DIPMJUSPT ZBRVFTJMBHBSSBGBUJFOFFMEPCMFEFDBQBDJEBE
FMHBTPDVQBSUPEPFMWPMVNFOEJTQPOJCMF
b) V1 P1= V2 P2
4 l 2 atm
= 1 atm
4 l 2 atm = 8 l P2 =
8l
36. 4FVUJMJ[BMBFDVBDJOHFOFSBMEFMPTHBTFT&MDVBESPRVFEBBT
Estado
P (atm)
V (l)
T (K)
A
1
10

B
2

C
2
10

D

E

37. a) Krakatoa:FTUBMMUPEBMBQFRVFBJTMBEF,SBLBUPBBMFOUSBS
FOFSVQDJOFMWPMDOQPSMBFOUSBEBEFBHVBEFNBSBMB
CPDBEFMWPMDOZMBDPOTJHVJFOUFGPSNBDJOEFHSBOEFTDBOUJEBEFTEFWBQPSEFBHVB
-BFSVQDJOEFMNPOUFPeleFOMBJTMBEF.BSUJOJDBEFTUSVZ
la ciudad de St. Pierre BSSPKBOEP WBQPS HBTFT WPMDOJDPT Z
QPMWPBVOBUFNQFSBUVSBEFNTEF$
&OMB[POBEFMNPOUF4BOUB)FMFOB FOMPT&TUBEPT6OJEPT
TFSFHJTUSBSPOUFSSFNPUPTQPSWBSJPTNFTFT MPRVFGVFEFCJMJUBOEPTVDBSBOPSUF&MEFNBZPEF VOUFSSFNPUP
NTGVFSUFQSPWPDRVFFTUBTFEFTQMPNBSBZMJCFSBSBMBWB
HBTFT Z SPDBT DBMJFOUFT NJFOUSBT VOB DPMVNOB EF DFOJ[BT
TVCB IBDJB MB BUNTGFSB -PT HMBDJBSFT Z MB OJFWF RVF DVCSBOFMNPOUFTFEFSSJUJFSPOZGPSNBSPOSPTEFMPEPRVFTF
WPMDBSPOBMSP$PMVNCJB
b) $FOJ[BTTMJEBT QJFESBTFOFTUBEPMRVJEPDPNPMBWB WBQPS
EFBHVBZEJWFSTPTHBTFT
c) -BTBMUTJNBTQSFTJPOFTRVFFYJTUFOFOFMJOUFSJPSEFMB5JFSSB BEFNT EF MBT FMFWBEBT UFNQFSBUVSBT IBDFO RVF MBT
SPDBTUFOHBOFTUBEPMRVJEP"MTBMJSBMBTVQFSGJDJFTFTPMJEJGJDBOQPSMBEJTNJOVDJOEFMBUFNQFSBUVSBZMBQSFTJO
d) -PTHJTFSFTTPOGVFOUFTUFSNBMFTFOMBTRVFFMBHVBDBMJFOUF
Z FM WBQPS TF WFO FYQVMTBEPT QFSJEJDBNFOUF IBDJB FM FYUFSJPS FO GPSNB EF FSVQDJO 4F QSPEVDFO QPSRVF FM BHVB
TVQFSGJDJBMFOUSBFODPOUBDUPDPOFMNBHNB TFDBMJFOUBZTF
DPOWJFSUFFOWBQPSRVFTBMFBMBTVQFSGJDJF
38. a) 4FFYQBOEF FTEFDJS BVNFOUBTVWPMVNFO

b) %JTNJOVZFTVEFOTJEBE FMBJSFDBMJFOUFFTNTiMJWJBOPwRVF
FMBJSFGSP

c) 4FEJSJHFB[POBTNTBMUBTFOMBBUNTGFSB QSFDJTBNFOUF
porque es menos denso.
8. 4FQFTBOHEFDMPSVSPEFTPEJPZTFMMFWBBNMDPOBHVB
9. -BDPODFOUSBDJOFT NN
10. %FCFSBNPTUPNBSBQSPYJNBEBNFOUFNMEFMFDIFQPSEB
11. &MBMDPIPMFUMJDPFTUFOVOBDPODFOUSBDJOEFM WWZFM
BMDPIPMCFODMJDPFO WW
Pgina 28
Pgina 39
1. &MDBNCJPEFFTUBEPFTEFMRVJEPBTMJEPZTFEFOPNJOBTPMJEJGJDBDJO&MQVOUPEFTPMJEJGJDBDJOEFMBHVBQVSBFTEF$
12. a) 5JFOFO RVF IBCFS DPNQSPCBEP RVF BNCBT UDOJDBT TPO

BEFDVBEBT QBSB TFQBSBS MPT DPNQPOFOUFT EF MBT NF[DMBT
FMFHJEBT -B DSPNBUPHSBGB TPCSF QBQFM QFSNJUJ PCTFSWBS
DMBSBNFOUF MB TFQBSBDJO EF MBT UJOUBT FO TVT EJGFSFOUFT
DPNQPOFOUFT MPRVFTFDPNQSPCNFEJBOUFMBPCTFSWBDJO
EFEJGFSFOUFTDPMPSFT4FQPESBOVUJMJ[BSPUSPTNUPEPTDSPNBUPHSGJDPTNTDPNQMFKPTDPOVOSFTVMUBEPTJNJMBS
-BFYQFSJFODJBEFEFTUJMBDJOGVFUJMQBSBTFQBSBSMPTDPNQPOFOUFTEFMBTPMVDJOUFOJFOEPFODVFOUBMPTEJGFSFOUFTQVOUPTEFFCVMMJDJOEFTVTDPNQPOFOUFT.FEJBOUFFTUBUDOJDB
GVFQPTJCMFFYUSBFSFMDPNQPOFOUFEFNFOPSQVOUPEFFCVMMJDJO1PESBPCUFOFSTFMBTFQBSBDJOEFMTVMGBUPDQSJDPQPS
DSJTUBMJ[BDJO QFSPFOFTFDBTPOPTFSFDVQFSBSBFMBHVB
b) 4FFTQFSBRVFMPTBMVNOPTDPNQSFOEBOMBJNQPSUBODJBEFM
BSNBEP BEFDVBEP EF VO FRVJQP QBSB TV GVODJPOBNJFOUP
DPSSFDUP
c) &OMPTNBSDBEPSFTJOEFMFCMFTMBUJOUBTFFODVFOUSBEJMVJEB
FOHFOFSBMFOTPMWFOUFTDPNPUPMVFOPPYJMFOP QPSMPRVF
MBDSPNBUPHSBGBSFTVMUBSNFKPSVUJMJ[BOEPUFSDPNPFTUBT
UJOUBTQVFEFOOPTFSUBOTPMVCMFTFOBHVB OPTFMPHSBSVO
CVFONPWJNJFOUPVUJMJ[BOEPBHVBDPNPGBTFNWJM&OMPT
NBSDBEPSFTBMBHVB FODBNCJP TFEFCFSBOMPHSBSNFKPSFT
SFTVMUBEPTVTBOEPBHVB
2. -BQSPQJFEBEEFMEFTDFOTPDSJPTDQJDPEFMBTTPMVDJPOFTTFVUJMJ[BQBSBFWJUBSRVFFMBHVBEFMSBEJBEPSEFMNPUPSEFMPTBVUPT
TFDPOHFMFFOFMJOWJFSOP1BSBFTUPTFBHSFHBOBOUJDPOHFMBOUFT
RVFDPOUJFOFOTVTUBODJBTEJTVFMUBTZCBKBOFMQVOUPEFDPOHFMBNJFOUPEFMBHVB
3. &MBTDFOTPFCVMMPTDQJDPTFBQMJDBBMDBNCJPEFFTUBEPEFMRVJEP
BHBTFPTPZTFEFOPNJOBFWBQPSBDJOPFCVMMJDJO4FHOFMNPEFMPEFQBSUDVMBT DVBOEPTFBVNFOUBMBUFNQFSBUVSBEFVOBTVTUBODJBFOFTUBEPMRVJEP TFJODSFNFOUBMBFOFSHBDJOUJDBEFTVT
NPMDVMBTZMBTJOUFSBDDJPOFTFOUSFFMMBT&MBVNFOUPEFMBFOFSHB
DJOUJDB QSPEVDF VO NPWJNJFOUP NPMFDVMBS NBZPS RVF QSPWPDB
RVFFTUBTNPMDVMBTFTDBQFOEFMMRVJEPFOGPSNBEFWBQPS
Pgina 31
4. -B JEFB FT RVF TF EJTDVUBO FO DMBTF MPT FKFNQMPT DPOTFHVJEPT
Z TJ GVFSB QPTJCMF TF MMFWFO B MB QSDUJDB EF MBCPSBUPSJP QBSB
PCTFSWBSMPTTJTUFNBTDPOFMNJDSPTDPQJP
1PTJCMFTFKFNQMPTTFSBO
a) Solucin lquida:BMDPIPMNFEJDJOBM CFCJEBTBMDPIMJDBTSolucin slida:EJWFSTBTBMFBDJPOFTDPNPFMBDFSP FMCSPODF
FUDSolucin gaseosa:BJSF DVBMRVJFSNF[DMBEFHBTFT
b) &OKPZFSBTFVUJMJ[BOEJWFSTBTBMFBDJPOFTEFPSPQBSBMPHSBS
EJGFSFOUFTUPOBMJEBEFT0SPBNBSJMMPPSP QMBUB
DPCSF0SPSPKPPSP DPCSF
0SPCMBODPPSP QBMBEJP QMBUB0SPB[VMPSP
IJFSSP
c) 5ZCFCJEBTHBTFPTBT
Pgina 33
5. a) b) c)
Pgina 34
6.
Forma de expresar la
concentracin
% v/v
% m/m
% m/v
Tipos de solucin
4PMVDJPOFTEFMRVJEPTFOMRVJEPTZ
de gases.
4PMVDJPOFTEFTMJEPTFOTMJEPT
EFTMJEPTFOMRVJEPT TPMVDJPOFT
gaseosas.
4PMVDJPOFTEFTMJEPTFOMRVJEPT EF
MRVJEPTFOMRVJEPT HBTFPTBT
Pgina 35
7. -BDPODFOUSBDJOFT NN
10
Pgina 40
13. -BTPMVCJMJEBEFTMBDBQBDJEBERVFUJFOFOMBTTVTUBODJBTQBSBEJTPMWFSTFFOPUSBTPEJTPMWFSBPUSBTTVTUBODJBT BVOBEFUFSNJOBEBUFNQFSBUVSB-BTPMVDJOFTVOTJTUFNBNBUFSJBMIPNPHOFP
GPSNBEPQPSNTEFVODPNQPOFOUF
14. &MiTOESPNFEFEFTDPNQSFTJOw RVFMFQSPEVKPMPTTOUPNBTBM
CV[P GVFHFOFSBEPQPSMBEJTNJOVDJOCSVTDBEFMBQSFTJOEFCJEPBMBTDFOTPSQJEPEFTEFMBQSPGVOEJEBEEFMNBS&OFMBJSF
MBQSFTJOFTNTCBKBRVFBOJWFMEFMNBS.JFOUSBTFMBWJO
BTDJFOEF MBQSFTJOCBKBZMPTHBTFTTFFYQBOEFO ZDVBOEPEFTDJFOEF MBQSFTJOTVCFZMPTHBTFTTFDPOUSBFO"MWPMBSBNFOPS
BMUJUVE TFNBOUJFOFBMQBDJFOUFBVOBQSFTJONBZPSQBSBFWJUBS
RVFMPTTOUPNBTTFBDSFDJFOUFO
Pgina 41
15. -PTJOZFDUBCMFTZDPMJSJPTEFCFOTFSFTUSJMFTQPSRVFFOFMPKPOP
FYJTUFVOBCBSSFSBFYUFSOBUBOFGFDUJWBDPNPMBQJFMPMBNVDPTB
HTUSJDB ZMPTHSNFOFTQBUHFOPTUFOESBOVOBWBEFFOUSBEB
ms fcil al organismo.
16. -PTKBSBCFTTFJOHJFSFO MPTJOZFDUBCMFTTFBENJOJTUSBOQPSWB
QBSFOUFSBMZMBTMPDJPOFTTFBQMJDBOTPCSFMBQJFM
17. 4FFTQFSBRVFMPTBMVNOPTQVFEBOBQMJDBSMBTFYQMJDBDJPOFTEBEBTBFKFNQMPTDPODSFUPT
2 Las soluciones
18. i$TQywTJHOJGJDBiDBOUJEBETVGJDJFOUFQBSByw&TUPRVJFSFEFDJS
RVFBMPTSFTUBOUFTJOHSFEJFOUFTTFMFTEFCFBHSFHBSVOBDBOUJEBE
EFTPMWFOUFTVGJDJFOUFDPNPQBSBMMFHBSBMWPMVNFOGJOBMEFTFBEP
IJFSSPEFMBBSFOB&OUFSDFSMVHBS MPTMRVJEPTTFTFQBSBO
QPSEFDBOUBDJOTBMFFMBHVBTBMBEBQPSVOMBEPZRVFEBFO
MBBNQPMMBEFEFDBOUBDJOFMBDFJUF1PSMUJNP FMBHVBZMB
TBMTFTFQBSBOQPSFWBQPSBDJOPEFTUJMBDJOTJNQMF
Pgina 42
19. a) Verdadera.
b) 'BMTB 6O TJTUFNB NBUFSJBM IPNPHOFP TF DBSBDUFSJ[B QPS
poseer solo una fase.
c) Verdadera.
d) 'BMTB/PUPEPTMPTDPNQPOFOUFTEFVOBNF[DMBQVFEFOEJGFSFODJBSTFBTJNQMFWJTUBMPTEFMBTNF[DMBTIFUFSPHOFBT
HSPTFSBT T
e) Verdadera.
f) Verdadera.
g) Verdadera.
20. 6OBTVTUBODJBQVSBOPQVFEFTFQBSBSTFQPSNUPEPTGTJDPT
21. -BJEFBFTRVFDPOUFTUFOMBQSFHVOUBDPOMBTIFSSBNJFOUBTRVF
UJFOFOBNBOP FTEFDJS MPRVFQVFEFOBQSFDJBSBTJNQMFWJTUB
4FQVFEFJOWFTUJHBSZQSPGVOEJ[BSFOBMHVOPTDBTPT
a) Arena de la playa:MNJUFJNBHJOBSJP IFUFSPHOFPZNTEF
VODPNQPOFOUF
b) Leche chocolatada: MNJUF SFBM QVFEF QBSFDFS IPNPHOFP
TJFTUSFDJOEJTVFMUPQFSP BMEFKBSMPVOUJFNQPFOSFQPTP
TFWFOGBTFT QPSMPRVFFTIFUFSPHOFPZUJFOFNTEFVO
DPNQPOFOUF
c) Agua de mar:MNJUFJNBHJOBSJP QVFEFTFSIPNPHOFPTJTPMP
FTBHVBDPOTVTTBMFTEJTVFMUBT PIFUFSPHOFPTJJODMVZF BEFNT BSFOB SFTUPTEFBOJNBMFTNBSJOPT FUD4JFNQSFQSFTFOUBNTEFVODPNQPOFOUFDPNPNOJNPBHVBZTBMFT
d) Olla de acero inoxidable:MNJUFSFBMIPNPHOFP NF[DMBEF
EPTDPNQPOFOUFTNFUMJDPT BMFBDJO

e) Aire filtrado: MNJUF JNBHJOBSJP IPNPHOFP NT EF VO
DPNQPOFOUFQPSRVFFTUGPSNBEPQPSWBSJPTHBTFT
f) Humo:MNJUFJNBHJOBSJPIFUFSPHOFPQPSRVFQVFEFOMMFHBSBWFSTFFOBMHVOPTDBTPTQBSUDVMBTFOTVTQFOTJO NT
EFVODPNQPOFOUF
g) Sal:MNJUFSFBMIPNPHOFP VOTPMPDPNQPOFOUF
22. a) &MSFTVMUBEPFTUFYQSFTBEPFONW1PESBFYQSFTBSTFFO
NNTJTFDPOPDFMBEFOTJEBEEFMBTBOHSF%FOUSPEFMB
NJTNBGPSNBEFFYQSFTJOQPESBOVUJMJ[BSTFEJTUJOUBTVOJEBEFT QPSFKFNQMP HNM
b) &OFMUPUBMEFMWPMVNFOEFTBOHSF M
IBCSBNHEF
HMVDPTB H

23. a) "DFJUF WJOBHSFZTBMMBTBMEJTVFMUBFOFMWJOBHSFGPSNBVOB
GBTFZFMBDFJUF PUSB
b) 4PMVDJOEFTBMZB[DBSFOBHVB
c) 4BM DMPSVSPEFTPEJP
QVSB
24. a)
b)
c)
d)
5B[BDPOU4
"HVBDPOUJFSSB'
&OTBMBEBEFGSVUBT.
"HVBNJOFSBM4
25. a) $VBUSPGBTFT
b) $JODPTVTUBODJBTBDFJUF BHVB TBM BSFOBZMJNBEVSBTEFIJFSSP
c) &OQSJNFSMVHBS GJMUSBDJO1BTBOMPTMRVJEPT BDFJUFZBHVB
TBMBEB
ZRVFEBOSFUFOJEPTMPTTMJEPT BSFOBZMJNBEVSBTEF
IJFSSP
&OTFHVOEPMVHBS MPTTMJEPTTFTFQBSBONFEJBOUF
JNBOUBDJO DPOMBDVBMFTQPTJCMFSFUJSBSMBTMJNBEVSBTEF
26. -B BGJSNBDJO FT DPSSFDUB &O SFBMJEBE QBSB EPT MRVJEPT EF
QVOUPEFFCVMMJDJOBMFKBEP MBEFTUJMBDJOTJNQMFFTFMNUPEP
EFFMFDDJOQPSTFSFMNTTJNQMFQFSPFOFMDBTPEFEPTMRVJEPTEFQVOUPEFFCVMMJDJODFSDBOP MBEFTUJMBDJOGSBDDJPOBEB
BTFHVSBVOBTFQBSBDJODPSSFDUB
Pgina 43
27. A:&TVOBTPMVDJO QPSRVFMBTQBSUDVMBTEFMTPMVUPZEFMTPMWFOUFJOUFSBDUBOFOUSFTZTFEJTVFMWFO-BTQBSUDVMBTEFMTPMWFOUF
SPEFBOBMBTEFMTPMVUPFOVOQSPDFTPMMBNBEPTPMWBUBDJO
B: &TVOBNF[DMBIFUFSPHOFB QPSRVFTFFWJEFODJBOEPTGBTFT
FOMBTDVBMFTMBTTVTUBODJBTOPTFNF[DMBO ZBRVFTVTQBSUDVMBT
TFSFQFMFOZUJFOFONBZPSBUSBDDJOFOUSFMBTEFMBNJTNBOBUVSBMF[B
28. A: %JMVJEBQPDBQSPQPSDJOEFQBSUDVMBTEFTPMVUP
B: $PODFOUSBEBNVDIBQSPQPSDJOEFQBSUDVMBTEFTPMVUP
C:4BUVSBEBVOBQBSUDVMBEFTPMVUPQPSDBEBQBSUDVMBEF
TPMWFOUF
"
29. a) -B TPMVCJMJEBE EFM OJUSBUP EF QMBUB FO BHVB B $ FT
HNMEFBHVB
b) 4JHOJGJDBRVFMBTPMVDJOOPBENJUFNTTPMVUP RVFTFIB
EJTVFMUPMBNYJNBDBOUJEBEEFTPMVUPQPTJCMF
c) $PNP FTB DPODFOUSBDJO EF TPMVUP FYDFEF MB TPMVCJMJEBE
TFGPSNBSVOBNF[DMBIFUFSPHOFBZFMOJUSBUPEFQMBUBTF
QSFDJQJUBS
30. 6ONNEFDPCSFTJHOJGJDBRVFUJFOFHEFDPCSFDBEBH
EFCSPODF
%FFTUBPUJFOFMBEJGFSFODJBNNNNNN
31. a) NN
b) (SBNPTEFTPMVDJOHEFTPMVUPHEFTPMWFOUF
HEFTPMVDJO
-BDPODFOUSBDJOFTEF NN
c) NN
32. $PODFOUSBDJONNNN$PODFOUSBDJOFONWTJ
HEFTPMVDJO HNM NMEFTPMVDJO$PODFOUSBDJO NW
3 Los cambios fsicos y qumicos

Pgina 44
1. 4FFTQFSBRVFMPTBMVNOPTQVFEBOEJTUJOHVJSFOUSFFMFNFOUPTP
TVTUBODJBTTJNQMFTZTVTUBODJBTDPNQVFTUBT FODVZBGPSNBDJO
QBSUJDJQBOWBSJPTFMFNFOUPT-VFHPEFMFFSFMUFYUPQPESOBOUJDJQBSQPSMPNFOPTRVFFOMBDPNQPTJDJOEFMBOJUSPHMJDFSJOB
11
FTUQSFTFOUFFMOJUSHFOP"EFNT QPTFFDBSCPOP IJESHFOPZ

PYHFOP
2. &TUBQSFHVOUBFTEFJOWFTUJHBDJOEFJEFBTQSFWJBTTFFTQFSBRVF
MPTBMVNOPTQVFEBOJOGFSJSVOBEFGJOJDJOEFDBNCJPRVNJDP
3. 3FTQVFTUB BCJFSUB 4F FTQFSB RVF EFTQVT EF MFFS FM UFYUP MPT
BMVNOPTQVFEBOFYQMJDBSMBTEJGFSFODJBTFOUSFMBHMJDFSJOBZMB
EJOBNJUB-BTWFOUBKBTEFMBEJOBNJUBSFTQFDUPEFMBOJUSPHMJDFSJOBFTRVFFTVOFYQMPTJWPNTFTUBCMFZNFOPTQFMJHSPTP
4. -B'VOEBDJO/PCFMTFDSFFODPOFMFODBSHPEFPUPSHBS
VOBTFSJFEFQSFNJPTBOVBMFTFO'TJDB 2VNJDB .FEJDJOB -JUFSBUVSB Z QB[ NVOEJBM " QBSUJS EF UBNCJO TF PUPSHBO
QSFNJPTFO&DPOPNB RVFFOUSFHBFM#BODP$FOUSBMEF4VFDJB

Pgina 45
5. 3FTQVFTUBBCJFSUB4FFTQFSBRVFMPTBMVNOPTQVFEBOEJGFSFODJBSZMVFHPDMBTJGJDBSMPTDBNCJPTGTJDPTZMPTRVNJDPT
11. &MDJODTFUSBOTGPSNBFOYJEPEFDJOD ;O0

ZTBMFT RVFEFQFOEFOEFMPTJPOFTEJTVFMUPTFOFMBHVBEFNBS

Pgina 55
12. 4FFTQFSBRVFMPTBMVNOPTFYQMJRVFORVFMBTOUFTJTFTVOVOB
SFBDDJOEFDPNCJOBDJO
13. 1BSBPCUFOFSIJESHFOPBQBSUJSEFBHVB FTOFDFTBSJPEJTQPOFS
EFFOFSHBFMDUSJDB ZBRVFMBSFBDDJOFTEFEFTDPNQPTJDJO
QPSFMFDUSMJTJT
14. "VORVFBORVFEBNVDIPQPSSFTPMWFSQBSBRVFFMNUPEPTFB
FDPMHJDBNFOUFBDFQUBCMF MPTDJFOUGJDPTZBIBOFODPOUSBEPMPT
DBUBMJ[BEPSFTOFDFTBSJPTQBSBRVFMBSFBDDJOEFPCUFODJOEFM
IJESHFOPBQBSUJSEFMNFUBOPTFBQPTJCMF&ODBNCJP QBSBPCUFOFSMPBQBSUJSEFMBHVBQPSFMFDUSMJTJT BVORVFFOQSJODJQJP
TFSBQPTJCMF TFSFRVJFSFVOBDBOUJEBEEFFOFSHBUBOJNQPSUBOUFRVFOPFTWJBCMFFOMBTBDUVBMFTDJSDVOTUBODJBT
Pgina 56
Pgina 47
15.
Pgina 50
7. a)*ODPNQMFUBb) 3FEVDFPYJEBc)*OTPMVCMF
Pgina 53
8. a) -PT QSPDFEJNJFOUPT SFBMJ[BEPT RVF OP JOWPMVDSBO DBNCJPT
FOMBTTVTUBODJBTTPOFM FCVMMJDJOZDPOEFOTBDJOEF
BHVB
FM GVTJO EF BHVB
Z FM GPSNBDJO EF VOB
NF[DMBIPNPHOFBoTPMVDJOo
&OFTUPTQSPDFEJNJFOUPTOP
TFQSPEVDFNPEJGJDBDJOEFMBTQSPQJFEBEFTEFMBTTVTUBODJBTRVFJOUFSWJFOFOFOFMDBNCJP4PODBNCJPTGTJDPT
b) -PT QSPDFEJNJFOUPT RVF JOWPMVDSBO SFBDDJPOFT RVNJDBT
TPO SFBDDJOEFEFTQMB[BNJFOUP
SFBDDJOEFDPNCVTUJO
Z SFBDDJOSFEPYDPOTJTUFFOMBTOUFTJT
EF YJEP EF DJOD MVFHP SFBDDJPOB FM YJEP DPO BHVB Z TF
GPSNBVODJEPRVFUBNCJOFTVOBSFBDDJOEFTOUFTJT

SFBDDJOEFQSFDJQJUBDJO
EFTQSFOEJNJFOUPEFVOHBT
SFBDDJOEFEFTQMB[BNJFOUP

c) -BNFEJDJOEFMQ)UJFOFDPNPPCKFUJWPPCTFSWBSTJTFQSPEVKPBMHODBNCJPFOMBTTVTUBODJBT
d) 1SPEVDDJO QFSTPOBM 4F FTQFSB RVF MPT BMVNOPT QVFEBO
BSSJCBSBVOBDPODMVTJORVFDPOGPSNFMBTIJQUFTJT
e) 3FTQVFTUB BCJFSUB 1VFEF TFS RVF MPT BMVNOPT DPOTJEFSFO
RVFFMQMBOEFUSBCBKPFYQFSJNFOUBMFTUCJFOQMBOUFBEP4F
TVHJFSFJOWJUBSMPTBEFCBUJSZQPOFSFOEVEBFTUFQMBODPOFM
GJOEFBHVEJ[BSTVTFOUJEPDSUJDPZEFTBSSPMMBSMBDSFBUJWJEBE
DPOOVFWBTQSPQVFTUBT
Pgina 54
9. -BDPSSPTJOFTVOBSFBDDJOEFYJEPSFEVDDJO
10. 6O NFUBM QVFEF QSPUFHFSTF EF MB DPSSPTJO DVCSJOEPMP DPO
PUSPNTFMFDUSPOFHBUJWP RVFTFPYJEBFOTVMVHBS
12
Cambios qumicos
$PSSPTJOEFIJFSSP
'PUPTOUFTJT
$PNCVTUJO de madera
'PSNBDJOEFMMVWJBDJEB
0YJEBDJOEFDJOD
Cambios fsicos
'VTJOEFBHVB
4PMJEJGJDBDJOEFBHVB
%FTQMB[BNJFOUPEFVOBCPMJUB
$BEBEFVOBNBO[BOB
3PUBDJOEFMB5JFSSB
16. a) -BFDVBDJOCSJOEBJOGPSNBDJOBDFSDBEFMPTSFBDUJWPTZMPT
QSPEVDUPT FMTFOUJEPFORVFTFMMFWBBDBCPMBSFBDDJO FM
FTUBEP EF BHSFHBDJO EF QSPEVDUPT Z SFBDUJWPT F JODMVTP TJ
BMHVOPEFFMMPTFTUFOTPMVDJOBDVPTB
b) 4FUSBUBEFVOBSFBDDJOEFEFTDPNQPTJDJO ZBRVFTFQBSUF
EFVOTPMPSFBDUJWPQBSBPCUFOFSUSFTQSPEVDUPT
17. a) )202 )20
b) /202 /20
18. a) -P RVF TF EFCF FTDSJCJS BOUFT EF CBMBODFBS VOB FDVBDJO
RVNJDB FT MB GSNVMB EF MPT SFBDUJWPT Z MPT QSPEVDUPT Z
MVFHPMBFDVBDJORVNJDBQSPQJBNFOUFEJDIB
b) -BFDVBDJORVNJDBEFCFFTUBSCBMBODFBEBQBSBJHVBMBSFM
ONFSPEFUPNPTEFSFBDUJWPTZEFQSPEVDUPT
19. a) /PFTUDPNQMFUBQPSRVFEFFTUFNPEPOPDVNQMFDPOMB
MFZEFDPOTFSWBDJOEFMBNBTB/PDPSSFTQPOEFFMONFSP
EFUPNPTEFDBEBFMFNFOUPEFMBJ[RVJFSEBDPOMPTEFMB
EFSFDIB'BMUBOMPTDPFGJDJFOUFTFTUFRVJPNUSJDPT
b) 'F02 'F20
20. -BTFDVBDJPOFTRVFFTUOBKVTUBEBTTPOMBc)ZMBd).
a) $B02 $B0
b) )$M;O ;O$M2)2
21. a)
b)
c)
d)
$M2 02 $M2 0

$M2 02 $M2 0
$M2 02 $M2 0
$M2 02 $M2 0
22. a) 'F)20 'F0)2

b) $S)20 $S20)2
c) /J)20 /J20)2
6. a)%FTDPNQPTJDJOPBOMJTJTb)$PNCJOBDJOPTOUFTJTc) DesDPNQPTJDJO P BOMJTJT d) 4VTUJUVDJO TJNQMF e) DescomposiDJOPBOMJTJTf)4VTUJUVDJOEPCMF
23. a) 4VTUBODJBTRVFQBSUJDJQBOFOVOBSFBDDJORVNJDB4FFTDSJCFOBMBJ[RVJFSEBEFVOBFDVBDJORVNJDB
b) 5JQPEFSFBDDJORVNJDBEPOEFMPTSFBDUJWPTUJFOFONFOPS
FOFSHBRVFMPTQSPEVDUPT
c) 4VTUBODJBRVFSFBDDJPOBDPOVODJEPQBSBEBSVOBTBM
d) 'FONFOPEFPYJEBDJOEFMPTNFUBMFTFOMBOBUVSBMF[B
e) 4MJEPJOTPMVCMFRVFTFGPSNBFOVOBSFBDDJORVNJDB
f) 4VTUBODJBTEFTBCPSBHSJPRVFSFBDDJPOBODPOMBTCBTFTQBSB
dar una sal.
g) 3FBDDJORVNJDBFOUSFVODPNCVTUJCMFZVODPNCVSFOUF
h) /PNCSFRVFSFDJCFMBSFBDDJOFOUSFVODJEPZVOBCBTF
Pgina 57
BMHVOPSFMBDJPOFMBDPOUJOVBDPOMBDPSSJFOUFRVFFOUSFHB QPS
FKFNQMP VOBQJMB
6. &TQSPCBCMFRVFMPTBMVNOPTTFSFGJFSBOBMPTUPNPTDPNPDPOTUJUVZFOUFTEFMBNBUFSJBPBMHPTFNFKBOUF ZIBTUBFTQPTJCMFRVF
DPOP[DBOFMNPEFMPEFFMFDUSPOFT QSPUPOFTZOFVUSPOFT
7. &MQSPQJPUFYUPJOEJDBRVFVONBUFSJBMHBTFPTPTFJPOJ[BDVBOEP
RVFEBDBSHBEPFMDUSJDBNFOUF
4 El tomo
Pgina 64
24. a) 4OUFTJT b) 4OUFTJT c) %FTQMB[BNJFOUP EPCMF d) %FTQMB[BNJFOUPTJNQMFe)%FTQMB[BNJFOUPTJNQMFf) Descomposicin.
25. 1SPEVDDJOQFSTPOBM4FFTQFSBRVFMPTBMVNOPTQVFEBOJEFOUJGJDBSMPRVFTVDFEFFODBEBVOBEFMBTJNHFOFT-PTFQHSBGFT
QPESBOTFSA:3FBDDJOEFDPNCVTUJO4FPCTFSWBMBMMBNBZ
FMFOOFHSFDJNJFOUPEFMPCKFUPB:0YJEBDJOEFVOPCKFUPNFUMJDP4FPCTFSWBFMDBNCJPEFDPMPSZMBEFTBQBSJDJOEFMCSJMMP
NFUMJDPC:"NBSJMMP-BSFBDDJOFTEFQSFDJQJUBDJO<3FBDDJO
EFZPEVSPEFQPUBTJPDPOOJUSBUPEFQMPNP **
TFPCUJFOFVO
QSFDJQJUBEPEFZPEVSPEFQMPNP **
ZOJUSBUPEFQMBUB>D: ReBDDJORVNJDBRVFTFFWJEFODJBQPSFMEFTQSFOEJNJFOUPEFVO
HBT-BSFBDDJOFTEFEFTQMB[BNJFOUP
26. a)-JCFSBFOFSHBb)-JCFSBFOFSHBc)/FDFTJUBFOFSHBd)-JCFSBFOFSHB
27. a) .H02 .H0
b) &MTMJEPFOQPMWPPCUFOJEPQPTFFNBZPSNBTBRVFFMNBHOFTJPEFCJEPBRVFJOUFSWJFOFPUSPSFBDUJWP FMPYHFOP
Seccin
II
El carcter elctrico
de la materia
2. 4FFTQFSBRVFMPTBMVNOPTQVFEBOSFQSFTFOUBSFMNPEFMPBUNJDPEFTDSJQUPFOFTUBQHJOB
3. 1SPEVDDJOQFSTPOBM&TQSPCBCMFRVFMPTBMVNOPTUFOHBODPOPDJNJFOUPEFMBSFQSFTFOUBDJOEFMPTUPNPT ZBRVFFTGSFDVFOUFWFSMBFOEJCVKPTBOJNBEPTPQVCMJDJEBEFT
4. 4F FTQFSB RVF MPT BMVNOPT DPNQSFOEBO RVF BM EFTDVCSJS VOB
QBSUDVMBNTQFRVFBRVFFMUPNP FTUBGPSNBQBSUFEFM
Pgina 66
5. -BTNVFTUSBT*Z**DPSSFTQPOEFOBMNJTNPDPNQVFTUP MBSFMBDJO

-BNVFTUSB***DPSSFTQPOEFBPUSPDPNQVFTUP ZB

que la relacin de masas es .

de masas es
Pgina 71
Pgina 63
6. 4PEJP NBHOFTJP GTGPSPZDMPSP
1. &MUFYUPDPOTJEFSBRVFMBMBNQBSJUBJODBOEFTDFOUFUJFOFTVTEBT
DPOUBEPTQPSRVFFTUTJFOEPSFFNQMB[BEBQPSMB$'- RVFUJFOF
NBZPSEVSBDJOZDPOTVNFNFOPTFOFSHBFMDUSJDBQBSBFNJUJS
MBNJTNBJOUFOTJEBEEFMV[
7. &TFMNJTNPPSEFOTPEJP NBHOFTJP GTGPSPZDMPSP
2. $VBMRVJFS MNQBSB FMDUSJDB VUJMJ[B FOFSHB FMDUSJDB QBSB GVODJPOBS ZMBDPOWJFSUFFOMV[ZDBMPS&OUSFVOBMNQBSBJODBOEFTDFOUFZVOB$'- MBEJGFSFODJBGVOEBNFOUBMFTRVFMBTFHVOEB
BQSPWFDIBNFKPSMBFOFSHBRVFTFMFFOUSFHB
1. &TUBQSFHVOUBBQVOUBBJOWFTUJHBSRVTBCFOMPTBMVNOPTTPCSF
FM UPNP &T QSPCBCMF RVF SFTQPOEBO FMFDUSPOFT QSPUPOFT Z
OFVUSPOFT
3. 6OBSFTQVFTUBQPTJCMFFTRVFMBFMFDUSJDJEBEiSP[BwDPOUSBFMNBUFSJBMDVBOEPDJSDVMBQPSM&OFMDBQUVMPMPTBMVNOPTWFSORVF
VOB QBSUF EF MB FOFSHB EF NPWJNJFOUP EF MPT FMFDUSPOFT
RVF DJSDVMBO TF DPOWJFSUF FO DBMPS DPNP DPOTFDVFODJB EF MPT
DPOUJOVPTDIPRVFTFOUSFFTUPTZMPTUPNPTEFMNBUFSJBM
4. 4FFTQFSBRVFMPTBMVNOPTJEFOUJGJRVFORVFMBSFEEPNJDJMJBSJB
FTMBRVFQSPWFFMBDPSSJFOUFFMDUSJDBEFTVTDBTBT
5. 4FHVSBNFOUF MB NBZPSB OP DPOPDFS MB EJGFSFODJB FOUSF VOB
DPSSJFOUFDPOUJOVBZVOBBMUFSOB4JOFNCBSHP FTQPTJCMFRVF
Pgina 73
8. 1SPEVDDJOQFSTPOBM4FFTQFSBRVFMPTBMVNOPTSFBMJDFOVOUSBCBKPEFJOWFTUJHBDJOTJHVJFOEPMPTQBTPTEFMQSPDFTP
Pgina 74
9. a) &MTNCPMPEFMDBSCPOPFT$1FSUFOFDFBMHSVQPQFSPEP
b) &MFDUSPOFTQSPUPOFTOFVUSPOFT
c) &TVOOPNFUBM
10. 1SPEVDDJOQFSTPOBM4FFTQFSBRVFMPTBMVNOPTQVFEBONBOFKBS
NFEJPTZIFSSBNJFOUBTEFJOGPSNBDJOFOTVTJOWFTUJHBDJPOFT
11. 1SPEVDDJOQFSTPOBM4FFTQFSBRVFMPTBMVNOPTSFMBDJPOFOMB
JNQPSUBODJBEFVONBUFSJBMDPOTVTVTPTZBQMJDBDJPOFT ZDPNQSFOEBOFMJNQBDUPRVFUJFOFFOMPTJOUFSFTFTFDPONJDPTZQPMUJDPTEFMBTOBDJPOFT
12. -BTWBSJFEBEFTFORVFTFQSFTFOUBVOEFUFSNJOBEPFMFNFOUPFO
13
MBOBUVSBMF[BTFMMBNBBMPUSPQB&MFNFOUPTDPNPFMGTGPSPZFM
B[VGSFUBNCJOMBQSFTFOUBO
c) -BTQBSUDVMBTSFTQPOTBCMFTEFMBNBTBEFVOUPNPTPOMPT
QSPUPOFTZMPTOFVUSPOFT ZBRVFMBNBTBEFMPTFMFDUSPOFTTF
DPOTJEFSBEFTQSFDJBCMFQPSTFSNVZQFRVFB
d) -BNBTBBUNJDBSFMBUJWB "S
TFEFGJOFDPNPFMONFSPRVF
JOEJDBDVOUBTWFDFTNBZPSRVFVOBVOJEBEEFNBTBBUNJDBFTMBNBTBEFVOUPNP
Pgina 75
13. a) &MONFSPBUNJDPEFMIJESHFOP ;
FTFMONFSPNTJDP
"
FT
b) &MIJESHFOPQPTFFQSPUOZFMFDUSOOPQPTFFOFVUSO
c) &MIJESHFOPFTVODBTPQBSUJDVMBS ZBRVFFTUVCJDBEPFOFM
HSVQPQPSQPTFFSVOFMFDUSOFOTVMUJNPOJWFM QFSPFT
VOOPNFUBM QPSFMMPOPGPSNBQBSUFEFMQSJNFSHSVQP
14. -BBOUJNBUFSJBEFMFMFDUSOUFOESDBSHBQPTJUJWB NJFOUSBTRVF
MBEFMQSPUO DBSHBOFHBUJWB4FMMBNBOBOUJFMFDUSOZBOUJQSPUO SFTQFDUJWBNFOUF
15. &O MB OBUVSBMF[B OP FYJTUF BOUJNBUFSJB TPMP TF GBCSJDB FO MPT
MBCPSBUPSJPT4FHOMPTDJFOUGJDPT FOFMBig BangTFEFCJFSPO
QSPEVDJS QSPQPSDJPOFT JHVBMFT EF NBUFSJB Z BOUJNBUFSJB QFSP
DPNPTBCFNPT OVFTUSP6OJWFSTPFTUIFDIPEFNBUFSJB NJFOUSBTRVFMBBOUJNBUFSJBQBSFDFIBCFSEFTBQBSFDJEP
16. 3FTQVFTUBBCJFSUB4FFTQFSBRVFMPTBMVNOPTQVFEBOFYQMJDBS
RVFFTUBTJOWFTUJHBDJPOFTTPOJNQPSUBOUFT ZBRVFQFSNJUJSBO
DPNQSFOEFSOVNFSPTPTGFONFOPTOBUVSBMFT DPNPFMDPNQPSUBNJFOUPEFMBTQBSUDVMBTTVCBUNJDBT
18. &TUBQSFHVOUBBQVOUBBFWBMVBSBDFSDBEFMBFWPMVDJOEFMNPEFMP BUNJDP 4F FTQFSB RVF MPT BMVNOPT QVFEBO FYQMJDBS FM
NPEFMP EF 5IPNTPO Z FM NPEFMP BUNJDP BDUVBM 6OB EF MBT
EJGFSFODJBTGVOEBNFOUBMFTFOUSFBNCPTNPEFMPTFTRVFFOFM
NPEFMPBDUVBMMPTFMFDUSPOFTHJSBOBMSFEFEPSEFMODMFP NJFOUSBT RVF FO FM NPEFMP EF 5IPNTPO FTUO JODSVTUBEPT FO VOB
NBTBQPTJUJWB"EFNT FMNPEFMPBDUVBMQSPQPOFEPT[POBTFO
FMUPNP VOODMFPZPSCJUBMFT NJFOUSBTRVFFOFMNPEFMPEF
5IPNTPOFMUPNPFTVOBTPMBNBTBFTGSJDB
4VTNCPMPFT(F
/NFSPBUNJDP;
&TVONFUBMPJEF
&MHFSNBOJPUJFOFQSPQJFEBEFTJOUFSNFEJBTFOUSFMBTEFMTJMJDJPZMBTEFMFTUBP
&T EF DPMPS HSJT QMBUB RVFCSBEJ[P TV QVOUP EF GVTJO FT
$ZTVQVOUPEFFCVMMJDJO $
Sodio
Carbono
Calcio
Bromo
Fsforo
Nitrgeno
Z
11

20

A

12

Protones
11

20

Electrones Neutrones
11
12

20
20

21. a) *OGPSNBBDFSDBEFMTNCPMPEFMFMFNFOUP FMONFSPBUNJDP

ZFMONFSPNTJDP
b) 5JFOFOFODPNOFMONFSPBUNJDP FTEFDJS JHVBMDBOUJEBEEFQSPUPOFTFOTVODMFP QPSMPRVFQFSUFOFDFOBMNJTNPFMFNFOUP%JGJFSFOFOFMONFSPNTJDP QPSRVFUJFOFO
EJTUJOUPONFSPEFOFVUSPOFT
14
23. &MFMFNFOUPFTFMDBMDJP TVONFSPBUNJDP ;

FTZTVONFSPNTJDP "
FT
24. 3FTQVFTUBBCJFSUB&TUBBDUJWJEBEUJFOFDPNPPCKFUJWPJOJDJBSB
MPTBMVNOPTFOMBMFDUVSBEFUFYUPTDJFOUGJDPTZGBWPSFDFSMBBMGBCFUJ[BDJODJFOUGJDB
&OMBEJSFDDJOIUUQXXXJOWFTUJHBDJPOZDJFODJBFTEFGBVMUBTQ
TFQVFEFCBKBSVOQEGHSBUVJUPEFMBSUDVMPDPNQMFUP<DPOTVMUBEPFOOPWJFNCSFEF>
Pgina 77
25.
Metales
No metales
Propiedades de los metales: QPTFFOCSJMMPNFUMJDP TPOEDUJMFT

NBMFBCMFT CVFOPTDPOEVDUPSFTEFMDBMPSZMBFMFDUSJDJEBE
Propiedades de los no metales: OP QPTFFO CSJMMP NFUMJDP TPO
RVFCSBEJ[PT TPONBMPTDPOEVDUPSFTEFMDBMPSZMBFMFDUSJDJEBE
26. a) -PTJTUPQPTRVFUJFOFOJHVBMONFSPBUNJDPQPTFFOJHVBM
DBOUJEBEEFQSPUPOFT FOUPODFTDPSSFTQPOEFOBMNJTNPFMFNFOUPRVNJDP
XZ35
X.
b) 4POJTUPQPT 37
17
17
37
c) 17XUJFOFQSPUPOFTZOFVUSPOFT
35
XUJFOFQSPUPOFTZOFVUSPOFT
17
%JGJFSFOFOFMONFSPEFOFVUSPOFT
d) &YJTUFOFMFNFOUPTRVFFNJUFOVOUJQPFTQFDJBMEFSBEJBDJO
DPNPFMQPMPOJPZFMSBEJP EFTDVCJFSUPTQPS.BSJF$VSJF&TUPT
TPOMPTMMBNBEPTFMFNFOUPTSBEJBDUJWPT5PEPFMFNFOUPSBEJBDUJWPFTJOFTUBCMFZUJFOEFBEFTJOUFHSBSTFFNJUJFOEPSBEJBDJO
QSPDFTPRVFMMFWBBQFOBTVOPTEBTPNVDIPTBPT ZRVFUSBOTGPSNBVOFMFNFOUPFOPUSP"NFEJEBRVFMPTODMFPTEFMPT
FMFNFOUPT SBEJBDUJWPT TF EFTJOUFHSBO FNJUFO SBEJBDJO Z TF
USBOTGPSNBOFOODMFPTFTUBCMFT OPSBEJBDUJWPT-PTJTUPQPT
SBEJBDUJWPTUJFOFOBQMJDBDJPOFTFONFEJDJOB CJPMPHB FUDUFSB
27. 3FTQVFTUBBCJFSUB4FFTQFSBRVFMPTBMVNOPTMMFWFOBDBCPVOB
JOWFTUJHBDJOBDFSDBEFFTUPTDVBUSPFMFNFOUPTRVNJDPT
Plomo:FTVONFUBMEFDPMPSHSJTNBUF&TGMFYJCMF TFGVOEFDPO
GBDJMJEBE B $&TSFMBUJWBNFOUFSFTJTUFOUFBMBUBRVFEFMPT
DJEPTTVMGSJDPZDMPSIESJDP4FEJTVFMWFDPOMFOUJUVEFODJEP
OUSJDP &M QMPNP GPSNB BMFBDJPOFT DPO NVDIPT NFUBMFT Z FO
HFOFSBM TFFNQMFBFOFTUBGPSNBFOMBNBZPSQBSUFEFTVTBQMJDBDJPOFT5PEBTMBTBMFBDJPOFTGPSNBEBTDPOFTUBP DPCSF BSTOJDP BOUJNPOJP CJTNVUP DBENJPZTPEJPUJFOFOJNQPSUBODJB
JOEVTUSJBM-PTDPNQVFTUPTEFMQMPNPTPOUYJDPTTJOFNCBSHP
FOMBBDUVBMJEBE FMFOWFOFOBNJFOUPQPSQMPNPFTSBSP ZBRVF
TVVUJMJ[BDJOFOMBJOEVTUSJBSFRVJFSFDPOUSPMFTFTUSJDUPT
17. -PTUSNJOPTRVFEFCFOFODPOUSBSTPOFMFNFOUP QSPUO NTJDP JTUPQPTZ5IPNTPO
20. Elemento
31
)JFSSP"MVNJOJP4PEJP1PUBTJP 'TGPSP#SPNP0YHFOP
.BHOFTJP
/JUSHFOP
Pgina 76
19. a)
b)
c)
d)
14
22. Nitrgeno: 8NQPTFFOFVUSPOFT'TGPSP 15PQPTFFOFVUSPOFT

122
75
Arsnico: 33AsQPTFFOFVUSPOFT"OUJNPOJP 51SbQPTFF
OFVUSPOFT
BiQPTFFOFVUSPOFT
Bismuto: 209
83
Oro: TFFODVFOUSBEJTUSJCVJEPQPSUPEPFMNVOEP QFSPFTNVZFTDBTP&TVONFUBMCMBOEPZEFDPMPSBNBSJMMPJOUFOTPFOFMDPNFSDJPFTFMNTDPNOEFMPTNFUBMFTQSFDJPTPT&MDPCSF MBQMBUB

ZFMPSPFTUOFOFMNJTNPHSVQPFOMBUBCMBQFSJEJDB$FSDBEF
USFTDVBSUBTQBSUFTEFMBQSPEVDDJONVOEJBMEFMPSPTFFNQMFBO
FOKPZFSB ZFOUSFFMZFM FOBQMJDBDJPOFTJOEVTUSJBMFT
Fsforo: FMFNFOUPOPNFUBM$FSDBEFUSFTDVBSUBTQBSUFTEFMGTGPSPUPUBM FOUPEBTTVTGPSNBTRVNJDBT
TFFNQMFBOFOMBGBCSJDBDJOEFGFSUJMJ[BOUFT0USBTBQMJDBDJPOFTJNQPSUBOUFTTPOMB
GBCSJDBDJOEFEFUFSHFOUFT BMJNFOUPT NFUBMVSHJB JOTFDUJDJEBT
ZBEJUJWPTEFQSPEVDUPTQFUSPMFSPT
Yodo:FMFNFOUPOPNFUMJDP&ODPOEJDJPOFTOPSNBMFT FMZPEP
FTVOTMJEPOFHSP MVTUSPTPZWPMUJM4VTQSPQJFEBEFTCBDUFSJDJEBTMPIBDFOBQSPQJBEPFOFMUSBUBNJFOUPEFIFSJEBTPMBFTUFSJMJ[BDJOEFJOTUSVNFOUPT-PTQSJODJQBMFTVTPTTFFODVFOUSBOFO
MBJOEVTUSJBEFMBTUJOUVSBT
$VBOEPTFGSPUBMBSFHMBDPOUSBFMQBP FTUFMUJNPBSSBODB
QBSUFEFMBTDBSHBTOFHBUJWBTRVFFTUBCBOFOFMMB&ODPOTFDVFODJB FM QBP RVFEB DBSHBEP OFHBUJWBNFOUF ZB RVF
BHSFH OVFWBT DBSHBT OFHBUJWBT B MBT RVF ZB UFOB Z FTUBT
RVFEBO TJO iDPNQFOTBSw -B SFHMB QMTUJDB BM QFSEFS FTBT
DBSHBT RVFEBDPODBSHBTQPTJUJWBTTJOFRVJMJCSBS PTFBRVFEBDBSHBEBQPTJUJWBNFOUF&TBFMFDUSJGJDBDJOFTMBRVFPSJHJOBMBGVFS[BRVFBUSBFMPTDBCFMMPT
b) -BJOUFODJOEFFTUBBDUJWJEBEFT TJNQMFNFOUF RVFFMBMVNOPQMBTNFFOVOEJCVKPMBJOGPSNBDJORVFBQBSFDFFOFM
QVOUPBOUFSJPS
Regla
5 Los materiales y la electricidad

Pgina 78
1. a) &OMBFYQFSJFODJBEF.JMMFS6SFZ MBTTVTUBODJBTPSHOJDBTTF
PCUVWJFSPO TJNVMBOEP MBT DPOEJDJPOFT RVF TVQVFTUBNFOUF
IBCBFOOVFTUSPQMBOFUBIBDFNJMFTEFNJMMPOFTEFBPT B
QBSUJS EF HBTFT JOPSHOJDPT BNPOBDP IJESHFOP NFUBOP
ZWBQPSEFBHVB
&MSFTVMUBEPGVFUJMQBSBMBIJQUFTJTEF
0QBSJOQPSRVFFMNBUFSJBMPSHOJDPDPOTFHVJEPTFSBiFMNBUFSJBMCTJDPRVFEFTQVTIBCSBEFTFSWJSQBSBMBGPSNBDJO
EFUPEPTMPTTFSFTWJWPTw
b) %VSBOUFFMEFTBSSPMMPEFMBFYQFSJFODJBEF.JMMFS6SFZTFJOUFOUSFQSPEVDJSMBBDDJOEFMPTSBZPTBUSBWTEFEFTDBSHBT
FMDUSJDBTFOFMJOUFSJPSEFMUVCPDPOMPTHBTFT
c) &OFTUFQVOUPFTNVZQSPCBCMFRVFMBNBZPSBEFMPTBMVNOPTSFTQPOEBRVFVOSBZPTVFMFHFOFSBSVOBEFTDBSHBNVZ
GVFSUF DBQB[EFEFTUSVJSJOTUBMBDJPOFTZDBVTBSIFSJEBTNPSUBMFTBMPTTFSFTWJWPT-BNBZPSBJOEJDBSRVFTFUSBUBEF
VOBEFTDBSHBRVFTFQSPEVDFFOUSFMBTOVCFTZFMTVFMP-B
JEFBFTQSPNPWFSVOJOUFSDBNCJPTPCSFFMPSJHFOZMPTBDDJEFOUFT PDVSSJEPT QPS MPT SBZPT QBSB RVF FM UFNB RVFEF
MBUFOUFIBTUBSFUPNBSMPDVBOEPBDDFEBOBMBTFDDJOi-FP
MVFHPFOUJFOEPwEFFTUFDBQUVMP
d) "EFNTEFMPTSBZPT FTQPTJCMFRVFDPOP[DBOMPTSFMNQBHPTZMBTEJWFSTBTTJUVBDJPOFTFOMBTRVFQBSUJDJQBMBFMFDUSJDJEBEFTUUJDB RVFTFEFTDSJCFOFOFTUFDBQUVMP
Pgina 80
1BP
c) 4FHVSBNFOUFSFTQPOEFSORVFT QPSRVFNVDIPTBMVNOPT
BMHVOBWF[KVHBSPODPOSFHMBTQMTUJDBTQSFWJBNFOUFGSPUBEBTDPOVOQBPPDPOTVTDBCFMMPT4JFTBT DPOPDFORVF
MBTGVFS[BTEFBUSBDDJOUBNCJOQVFEFONBOJGFTUBSTFDPO
PUSBTDPTBT DPNPQFEBDJUPTEFDPSDIP QMVNBT ZFSCBNBUF
IJMPT TFNJMMJUBTZPUSPTPCKFUPTQFRVFPT
Pgina 82
4. a) 4FFTQFSBRVFMPTBMVNOPTUFOHBODMBSPRVF TJTFUSBUBCBEFNBUFSJBMFTDPOEVDUPSFTFMDUSJDPT MPTBSQPOFTEFCBOTFSEFNFUBM
&TUPUBNCJOMFTDPOGFSBSFTJTUFODJB
b) &TDJFSUPRVFMBQMBUBZFMPSPTPOFYDFMFOUFTDPOEVDUPSFT QFSP
OPTFVTBOFOMPTDBCMFTDPNVOFTEFCJEPBTVBMUPQSFDJP4F
QSFGJFSFFMDPCSFQPSRVF BVORVFOPFTCBSBUP FTEFVOQSFDJP
NVZJOGFSJPSBMEFMBQMBUBZFMPSP ZBEFNTFTVONVZCVFO
DPOEVDUPS&OBMHVOPTDBCMFTUBNCJOTFVTBFMBMVNJOJP
Pgina 83
5. 4JFOFMFYQFSJNFOUPEFMBGSBOFMBZMBWBSJMMBEFMBQHJOB
TFJOUFSQPOFVOIJMPEFBMHPEO MBGSBOFMBZMBWBSJMMBTFHVJSO
DBSHBEPT QPSRVFMPTFMFDUSPOFTOPQVFEFOWJBKBSQPSFMIJMP
Pgina 87
2. a) -VFHPEFMBMFDUVSB FTQPTJCMFRVFMPTBMVNOPTSFTQPOEBO
RVF BQBSUJSEFMPTOVNFSPTPTBWBODFTFOFTUFDBNQP IPZ
MBDJFODJBUJFOFVOBJEFBCBTUBOUFQSFDJTBEFDVMFTMBOBUVSBMF[BEFMBFMFDUSJDJEBE ZBRVFTFQJFOTBRVFFTUBTPDJBEB
DPO MB BMUFSBDJO FO FM FRVJMJCSJP EF DBSHBT Z FM EFTQMB[BNJFOUPEFMPTFMFDUSPOFT
b) 4JFMDVFSQPJOJDJBMNFOUFTFFODPOUSBCBFOVOFTUBEPOFVUSPZ
RVFEDBSHBEPQPTJUJWBNFOUFEFTQVTEFGSPUBSMP FTQPSRVF
QFSEJFMFDUSPOFT/PFTDPSSFDUPBGJSNBSRVFUSBTFMGSPUBNJFOUPFMDVFSQPBERVJSJQSPUPOFT QPSRVFMPTQSPUPOFTOPQVFEFO
NPWFSTFQPSFMJOUFSJPSEFVODVFSQPOJQBTBSBPUSPDVFSQP
6. a) -BJEFBFTRVFMPTBMVNOPTMMFWFOBDBCPMPTFYQFSJNFOUPT
QSFTFOUBEPTFOFTUBQHJOB4FFTQFSBRVFMPTSFTVMUBEPTOP
EJGJFSBOEFMPTRVFTFEFTDSJCFOBRV
b) -BTGPSNBTEFDPNVOJDBSMPTSFTVMUBEPTPCUFOJEPTFMFHJEPT
QPSMPTHSVQPTTPOVOJOGPSNFFTDSJUP VOEJCVKPEFUBMMBEPZ
VOFTRVFNBDPOFYQMJDBDJPOFT)BZPUSBTNBOFSBTQPTJCMFT
BMHVOBTEFMBTDVBMFTTFNFODJPOBOFOFMUFYUPJOJDJBM DPNP
BGJDIFT HSGJDPT MNJOBT UBCMBT GPSPTZDIBUTQPS*OUFSOFU
c) 4J FM FMFDUSPTDPQJP TF FODVFOUSB DBSHBEP DPO DBSHBT EF VO
EFUFSNJOBEPTJHOPZBDFSDBNPTVOPCKFUPDBSHBEPDPODBSHBTEFTJHOPDPOUSBSJP MBTIPKVFMBTTFDJFSSBO&TUPPDVSSF
QPSRVFMBTDBSHBTEFMBTIPKVFMBTTFEJSJHFOIBDJBFMPCKFUP
EFDBSHBPQVFTUBZBCBOEPOBOMBTIPKVFMBTRVFTFDJFSSBO
Pgina 81
Pgina 89
3. a) 0SJHJOBMNFOUF MBT DBSHBT QPTJUJWBT Z OFHBUJWBT EF MB SFHMB

FTUO FRVJMJCSBEBT Z MP NJTNP TVDFEF DPO MBT EFM QBP
7. a)Zb)-BTEPTSFTQVFTUBTTPOBCJFSUBT-BJOUFODJOEFMQVOUP
a) FT DPNQBSBS MBT TJUVBDJPOFT RVF QVFEFO IBCFS JOWFTUJHBEP
15
Pgina 90
8. a) 'BMTB&MRVFEFTDVCSJRVFIBCBEPTUJQPTEFFMFDUSJDJEBE
GVFFMGSBODT$IBSMFTEV'BZ
b) 'BMTB&OMPTGFONFOPTFMDUSJDPTTPMPQBSUJDJQBOFMFDUSPOFT
QPSRVF BEJGFSFODJBEFMPTQSPUPOFT QVFEFONPWFSTFQPSFM
JOUFSJPSEFVODVFSQP
c) Verdadera.
d) Verdadera.
e) Verdadera.
f) 'BMTB&MHSBGJUPFTVODPOEVDUPSFMDUSJDPOPNFUMJDP
g) Verdadera.
h) 'BMTB&MBJSFQJFSEFTVDBQBDJEBEEFBJTMBNJFOUPDVBOEPMB
FMFDUSJDJEBE FT NVZ JOUFOTB Z TF WVFMWF DPOEVDUPS DPNP
PDVSSFEVSBOUFVOSBZP
i) Verdadera.
j) 'BMTB&ODVFSQPTDVSWPTJSSFHVMBSFT IBZNTDPODFOUSBDJO
EFDBSHBTFOMBT[POBTEFNBZPSDVSWBUVSB
k) Verdadera.
9. a) /PTFQVFEFBTFHVSBSRVFTFUSBUBEFEPTDBSHBTOFHBUJWBT
QPSRVFUBNCJOQPESBOTFSEPTQPTJUJWBT
b) %FCJEPBMBSFMBDJOFYQSFTBEBQPS$PVMPNC TFHOMBDVBM
MB GVFS[B FT JOWFSTBNFOUF QSPQPSDJPOBM BM DVBESBEP EF MB
EJTUBODJB OPTRVFEBOFTUPTWBMPSFT
Distancia d entre cargas
-BEJTUBODJBdTFJODSFNFOUBBMUSJQMF
-BEJTUBODJBdBVNFOUBWFDFT
-BEJTUBODJBdTFSFEVDFBMBNJUBE
Fuerza F entre cargas

-BGVFS[BFEJTNJOVZFWFDFT
-BGVFS[BFTFSFEVDFWFDFT
-BGVFS[BFBVNFOUBWFDFT
-BEJTUBODJBdEJTNJOVZFBMB
DVBSUBQBSUF
-BGVFS[BFTFJODSFNFOUBWFDFT
-BEJTUBODJBdTFSFEVDFWFDFT
-BGVFS[BFBVNFOUBWFDFT
10. $PNPIBZDBSHBTFOMBQBOUBMMBEFMUFMFWJTPS FTUBTWBOBWJBKBS

IBDJBMBTIPKVFMBTEFMFMFDUSPTDPQJP RVFFODPOTFDVFODJBWBOB
separarse.
11. a) "QBSUJSEFMPRVFFTUVEJFOFMDBQUVMP FMBMVNOPDPOPDF
RVF FM WJESJP UJFOEF B QFSEFS DBSHBT OFHBUJWBT 1PS FTP BM
GSPUBSMBDPOMBGSBOFMB DBEBWBSJMMBEFWJESJPRVFEBDPOFYDFTPEFDBSHBTQPTJUJWBT PTFB DBEBVOBRVFEBDBSHBEBQPTJUJWBNFOUF
&OUPODFT DPNPBNCBTUJFOFOMBNJTNBDBSHB TJ
TFBDFSDBVOBWBSJMMBBMBPUSB FTUBTTFSFQFMFO
b) :BWJNPTRVF EFTQVTEFMGSPUBNJFOUP MBWBSJMMBRVFEBDBSHBEBQPTJUJWBNFOUF ZRVFMBGSBOFMBRVFEBDPODBSHBTOFHBUJWBT"MQPOFSTFBNCBTFODPOUBDUP TFSFTUBCMFDFFMFRVJMJCSJP
EFDBSHBTZMBTEPTRVFEBOFOFTUBEPiFMDUSJDBNFOUFOFVUSPw
12. a) -PTTJHOPTEFMBTDBSHBTTPOFMFDUSPOFTOFHBUJWPTZQSPUPOFT
QPTJUJWPT
b) -BTTJUVBDJPOFTRVFTPOJODPSSFDUBTTPOMBTTJHVJFOUFT
-BI) QPSRVFDBSHBTEFEJGFSFOUFTJHOPTFBUSBFO
-BIII) ZMBVI) QPSRVFMBBUSBDDJOPMBSFQVMTJOFOUSFDBSHBTFTNVUVB
-BV)ZMBVII) QPSRVFDBSHBTEFJHVBMTJHOPTFSFDIB[BO
16
-BVIII) QPSRVFTFUSBUBEFVOBJOUFSBDDJO FTEFDJS EFQBSFT EF GVFS[BT 'BMUB SFQSFTFOUBS MB GVFS[B FKFSDJEB QPS FM
QSPUOTPCSFFMFMFDUSO
Pgina 91
13. a) "MBDFSDBSMFFMQFJOF FMDIPSSPEFBHVBTFEFTWBEFTVDBNJOPWFSUJDBM
b) "QBSUJSEFMPRVFTFPCTFSWB TFJOGJFSFRVF FM QFJOF FTU
DBSHBEPFMDUSJDBNFOUF&TPFTMPRVFQSPWPDBMBEFTWJBDJO
EFMDIPSSP
c) 4JMBQFSTPOBRVFTPTUJFOFFMQFJOFFTUVWJFSBEFTDBM[BZFMQFJOFGVFSBNFUMJDP OPTFQPESBQSPEVDJSFMGFONFOP QPSRVF
MBTDBSHBTWJBKBSBOQPSFMNFUBMDPOEVDUPS MVFHPQPSMBQFSTPOBZQPSMUJNPIBDJBUJFSSB
14. $BEBDBCMFFTUTVKFUPBMBUPSSFNFUMJDBQPSTJFUFEJTDPTRVF
BEFNTEFTPTUFOFSBMDBCMF DVNQMFOVOBGVODJOBJTMBOUF1PS
MP UBOUP FTUO IFDIPT EF VO EJFMDUSJDP QSPCBCMFNFOUF VOP
NVZCVFOP QPSFKFNQMP VONBUFSJBMDFSNJDP
15. a) "MGSPUBSMBSFHMBEFQMTUJDPDPOVOQBP FTUBTFDBSHB&OUPODFT BMBDFSDBSMBBMBWBSJMMB TFSFEJTUSJCVZFOMBTDBSHBTFO
FTUBMUJNBEFCJEPBMGFONFOPEFJOEVDDJOFMFDUSPTUUJDB
b) -BTIPKVFMBTTFTFQBSBOQPSRVF DPNPTFFYQMJDBFOMBQHJOB BERVJFSFOFMNJTNPTJHOPRVFMBDBSHBEFMBSFHMB
16. 3FTQVFTUBBCJFSUB4FFTQFSBRVFMPTBMVNOPTSFBMJDFOVOUSBCBKP
EFJOWFTUJHBDJOBDFSDBEFMBFMFDUSJDJEBEFOMPTBOJNBMFTTJHVJFOEPMBTGBTFTEFVOBJOWFTUJHBDJOEFTDSJQUBFOFMDBQUVMP
6 La corriente elctrica
Pgina 92
1. a) 4F FTQFSB RVF MPT BMVNOPT SFMBDJPOFO VOB DPSSJFOUF FMDUSJDBDPODBSHBTFONPWJNJFOUP1PSPUSBQBSUF FTUVEJBSPO
FMDBQUVMPEFEJDBEPBMBFMFDUSPTUUJDB ZSFDPSEBSORVF
BMMTFBGJSNBiFOTJUVBDJPOFTFOMBTRVFIBZVOQBTBKFEF
DBSHBT EF VO DVFSQP B PUSP TF EJDF RVF TF FTUBCMFDF VOB
DPSSJFOUFFMDUSJDBw
b) &O FM NJTNP DBQUVMP TF QSFTFOUBSPO BMHVOPT EJTQPTJUJWPT
DBQBDFTEFBDVNVMBSFOFSHBFMFDUSPTUUJDB4JOPMPTUVWJFSBOQSFTFOUFT PTJOPTFIVCJFSBMFEPFMDBQUVMP EFUPEPT
NPEPTFTNVZQPTJCMFRVFMPTBMVNOPTDPOP[DBOGPSNBTEF
DBSHBS DPO FMFDUSJDJEBE FTUUJDB BMHVOPT PCKFUPT QPS GSPUBNJFOUP DPNPSFHMBT HMPCPTPWBSJMMBT
c) &OUSFMBTTJUVBDJPOFTFOMBTRVFMBBQMJDBDJOEFFMFDUSJDJEBE
QVFEFDPOTFHVJSRVFMPTNTDVMPTTFDPOUSBJHBO QSPCBCMFNFOUFMPTBMVNOPTNFODJPOFOMBFMFDUSPDVDJO iRVFEBSTF
QFHBEPw
RVFTFEFTDSJCJSFOFMUFYUPEFFTUFDBQUVMP5BNCJO FT QPTJCMF RVF BMHVOP DPOP[DB BMHVOPT USBUBNJFOUPT
EF SFIBCJMJUBDJO NPUPSB FO MPT RVF TF BQMJDBO QFRVFBT
EFTDBSHBTFMDUSJDBTFOMPTNTDVMPT
d) /PFTEJGDJMRVFMPTBMVNOPTNFODJPOFOEJGFSFOUFTNPEFMPT
EFQJMBTZCBUFSBT EFMBTGPSNBTNTWBSJBEBT RVFTVFMFO
FNQMFBSTFFOSFMPKFT DPNQVUBEPSBT DNBSBTGPUPHSGJDBTZ
PUSPTBSUFGBDUPTFMDUSJDPTEFVTPBDUVBM
e) $PO MB QBMBCSB iWPMUJPw MPT BMVNOPT JEFOUJGJDBSO BMHVOB
DBSBDUFSTUJDBEFMBTDPSSJFOUFTFMDUSJDBTRVFEBDVFOUBEF
TViQPUFODJBwPEFBMHPTFNFKBOUF&MUFYUPEFMDBQUVMPMFT
QFSNJUJSSFGPSNVMBSFTUBQSJNFSBJNQSFTJO
MPTBMVNOPTDPOMBTDBSBDUFSTUJDBTRVFTFEBOFOFTUBTQHJOBT
1PSTVQBSUF MBQFRVFBJOWFTUJHBDJOEFMQVOUPb)TPCSFTJMBT
DPOTUSVDDJPOFT NT FMFWBEBT DVFOUBO DPO MPT QBSBSSBZPT BEFDVBEPTPOP QVFEFHFOFSBSFOUVTJBTNPFOUSFBMHVOPTBMVNOPT
ZFTUJNVMBSTVDPODJFODJBDJVEBEBOB
Pgina 94
MBUFOTJOTFSFQBSUFFOUSFBNCBT
&OFMDJSDVJUP3 es igual,
QPSRVFMBUFOTJOFODBEBVOBFTMBNJTNBRVFMBUPUBM
d) 4JTFEFTFOSPTDBVOBEFMBTMNQBSBTFOFMDJSDVJUP2 MBPUSB
TFBQBHB QPSRVFFMDJSDVJUPTFJOUFSSVNQF
&OFMDJSDVJUP3
MB PUSB MNQBSB TJHVF FODFOEJEB QPSRVF MPT EPT DJSDVJUPT
TPOJOEFQFOEJFOUFT
e) "MDPNQBSBSFMNPEFMPIJESVMJDP1DPOFMDJSDVJUPFMDUSJDP
1 TFWFRVFMBBMUVSBIDPSSFTQPOEFBMBUFOTJO7EFMBQJMB
f) "MNPEFMPIJESVMJDPEFMQVOUP4TFMPQVFEFIBDFSDPSSFTQPOEFSDPOMBDPSSJFOUFBMUFSOB QPSMBJEBZWVFMUBEFFMFDUSPOFT
2. &O FM DVBESP QBSB EFOPNJOBS B MBT EJWFSTBT GPSNBT EF FOFSHB IFNPTFMFHJEPMBTFYQSFTJPOFTNTTFODJMMBTEFTEFMVFHP
QVFEFOFNQMFBSTFPUSBTFRVJWBMFOUFT DPNPUSNJDB DJOUJDB
MVNOJDB FUDUFSB
&TUVGBFMDUSJDB
5VCPGMVPSFTDFOUF
5FMFWJTPS
5JNCSF
7FOUJMBEPS
Radio
Formas de energa
$BMPSZMV[
-V[ZDBMPS
4POJEP MV[ZDBMPS
4POJEPZDBMPS
.PWJNJFOUPZDBMPS
4POJEPZDBMPS
Pgina 95
3. -PTBQBSBUPTFMDUSJDPTFOMPTIPHBSFTFTUODPOFDUBEPTFOQBSBMFMP4JFTUVWJFSBODPOFDUBEPTFOTFSJF DBEBVOPSFDJCJSBVOB
QBSUFEFMBUFOTJOQSPWJTUBQPSFMUPNBDPSSJFOUF"EFNT TJTF
EFTDPOFDUBSBVOPEFMPTBSUFGBDUPT UPEPTMPTEFNTTFBQBHBSBO QPSRVFEFFTUBNBOFSBTFJOUFSSVNQJSBFMDJSDVJUP
"M FTUBS FO QBSBMFMP DBEB VOP EF MPT BSUFGBDUPT TF FODVFOUSB
CBKPMBUPUBMJEBEEFMBUFOTJOQSPWJTUBQPSFMUPNBDPSSJFOUF:TJ
TFRVJUBVOPEFMPTBSUFGBDUPT MPTEFNTRVFEBSOFODFOEJEPT
QPSRVFTVTQSPQJPTDJSDVJUPTOPTFJOUFSSVNQFO
Pgina 105
9. -BJEFBEFFTUBBDUJWJEBEFTRVF SFVOJEPTFOHSVQPT MPTBMVNOPT OP TPMP FTHSJNBO MB QSFTVODJO EF FGFDUPT DBODFSHFOPT
QSPWPDBEPTQPSMBDJSDVMBDJODFSDBOBEFDPSSJFOUFTJOUFOTBTZ
PUSPTBSHVNFOUPTEFMFTUJMPEFMPTRVFTFJODMVZFOFOFTUBEPCMF
QHJOB TJOPRVF BEFNT QJFOTFORVFBWFDFTFTQPTJCMFRVF
IBZBSFTJTUFODJBTPDJBMBMUFOEJEPEFDBCMFTQPSRVFFMMPHFOFSB
BMUFSBDJPOFTJOEFTFBEBTFOFMQBJTBKFZRVF JODMVTP TFQSFTFOUBSPODBTPTFOMPTRVFTFQVTJFSPOFOKVFHPWBMPSFTDVMUVSBMFT
NVZBSSBJHBEPTFOMBTQPCMBDJPOFTJOWPMVDSBEBT6OBCTRVFEB
FOMBXFCSFWFMBS QPSFKFNQMP MBTJUVBDJOWJWJEBQPSHSVQPT
JOEHFOBTEF$IJMFZ1FS RVFGVFSPOEFTQMB[BEPTEFTVTUJFSSBT
QPSFTUBTSB[POFT
Pgina 106
Pgina 96
4. $PNP FM UBORVF EF BHVB TF FODVFOUSB FO FM MUJNP QJTP EFM
FEJGJDJP MBBMUVSBEFDBEBEFMBHVBIBTUBFMTFHVOEPQJTPTFS
NBZPS RVF MB RVF IBZ IBTUB FM RVJOUP &OUPODFT UFOJFOEP FO
DVFOUBMPBQSFOEJEP MBJOUFOTJEBEEFMDIPSSPEFMBDBOJMMBFOFM
EFQBSUBNFOUPEFMTFHVOEPQJTPTFSNBZPSRVFMBEFMRVJOUP
5. 4JHVJFOEP FM SB[POBNJFOUP EF MB BOBMPHB IJESVMJDB TJ VOB
MBNQBSJUBTFDPOFDUBB7ZMVFHPB7 IBCSEJGFSFODJBFOFM
CSJMMPEFTVMV[EFCJEPBRVF FOFMTFHVOEPDBTP MBJOUFOTJEBE
EFMBDPSSJFOUFRVFDJSDVMBTFSNFOPS
Pgina 101
6. a) "M PCTFSWBS FM FTRVFNB RVFEB DMBSP RVF MB UFOTJO EF MB
DPSSJFOUFDBNCJBFOUPEPTMPTQVOUPTFOMPTRVFBQBSFDFO
USBOTGPSNBEPSFT EJTQPTJUJWPT RVF QFSNJUFO NPEJGJDBS MB
UFOTJOEFMBDPSSJFOUFBMUFSOB
b) &MDMJFOUFJOEVTUSJBMSFDJCF7ZFMSFTJEFODJBM 7
7. -BTBDDJPOFTQVFEFOTFSNVZEJWFSTBT ZTVFKFDVDJOEFQFOEFS
EFMJOUFSTZFMFOUVTJBTNPEFMPTBMVNOPT"NPEPEFFKFNQMP
TFQVFEFOIBDFSBGJDIFTDPOJOGPSNBDJOQBSBMPTDPNQBFSPT
EFMBFTDVFMB PSHBOJ[BSDIBSMBTQBSBMBDPNVOJEBE EJGVOEJSMBT
SFDPNFOEBDJPOFTQPSSBEJPTZPUSPTNFEJPTEFDPNVOJDBDJO Z
UPNBSDPOUBDUPDPOTPDJFEBEFTEFGPNFOUPZ0/( FOUSFPUSBT
JOTUJUVDJPOFT
Pgina 102
10. a) 'BMTB-BDBQBDJEBEEFMBTQJMBTQBSBNPWFSMPTFMFDUSPOFTTF
MMBNBUFOTJOPiWPMUBKFw ZTFJOEJDBFOWPMUPWPMUJPT
b) Verdadera.
c) 'BMTB-BJOUFOTJEBEEFVOBDPSSJFOUFTFJOEJDBFOBNQFSJPT
d) 'BMTB -BT MMBWFT Z MPT QVMTBEPSFT OP QSPWFFO FOFSHB B VO
DJSDVJUP TPMPTJSWFOQBSBJOUFSSVNQJSPOPFMQBTPEFMBDPSSJFOUF-BTQSJNFSBTRVFEBOGJKBTFOTVQPTJDJOBMPTPUSPT
IBZRVFNBOUFOFSMPTBQSFUBEPTQBSBRVFMBDPSSJFOUFDJSDVMF
e) Verdadera.
f) 'BMTB 1BSB BMJNFOUBS VO BSUFGBDUP RVF OPSNBMNFOUF GVODJPOBDPOQJMBTOPTPMPTFVUJMJ[BVOUSBOTGPSNBEPS QPSRVF
FTUPOPDPOWFSUJSBMBDPSSJFOUFBMUFSOBFODPOUJOVB)BZRVF
BHSFHBSVOEJTQPTJUJWPMMBNBEPSFDUJGJDBEPS"MDPOKVOUPDPNONFOUFTFMPEFOPNJOBiGVFOUFw
11. )BZ EFTEFMVFHP NVDIBTEJGFSFODJBTFTFODJBMFT&TQPTJCMFRVF
MPTBMVNOPTNFODJPOFO BMNFOPT FTUBTUSFTRVFFOVOPDJSDVMB
BHVBZFOFMPUSP FMFDUSPOFTRVFFOFMNPEFMPIJESVMJDPOPFT
OFDFTBSJPDPOGJHVSBSVODJSDVJUPDFSSBEP DPNPFOFMDBTPFMDUSJDP Z RVF FM NPEFMP IJESVMJDP NPTUSBEP iEVSBw QPDP UJFNQP
QPSRVFFMBHVBEFMSFDJQJFOUFTVQFSJPSTFBHPUBSQJEBNFOUF
12.
8. a) -PTDJSDVJUPTBSNBEPTFOMPTQVOUPT3Z4EFMBQBSUFATPO
FOTFSJFZFOQBSBMFMP SFTQFDUJWBNFOUF
b) -BT DPSSFTQPOEJFOUFT BOBMPHBT IJESVMJDBT TPO MBT EF MPT
QVOUPT2Z3EFMBQBSUFB.
c) &O DPNQBSBDJO DPO MP RVF TVDFEF FO FM DJSDVJUP 1, en el
DJSDVJUP3FMCSJMMPEFMBTMNQBSBTFTNFOPS EFCJEPBRVF
17
a) AZCTPOFOQBSBMFMP ZFMB es en serie. El DFTVODJSDVJUPEF

DVBUSPSBNBTFOQBSBMFMP DBEBVOBDPOEPTSFDFQUPSFTFOTFSJF
b) En AMBUFOTJOUPUBMFTEF7FOBZFOC,EF 7,ZFOD
FTEF7
c) $BEBSFDFQUPSSFDJCFMBUPUBMJEBEEFMBUFOTJOTVNJOJTUSBEB
QPSMBQJMBFOMPTEPTDBTPTEFDJSDVJUPTFOQBSBMFMP, con un
TPMPSFDFQUPSFODBEBSBNB AZC

d) &OMPTDVBUSPDBTPT MBTGMFDIBTEFCFOJOEJDBSFMTFOUJEPEFMB
DPSSJFOUFRVFTBMFEFMUFSNJOBMOFHBUJWPEFMBQJMBZWBIBDJB
FMQPTJUJWP DPNPTFNVFTUSBFOMPTFTRVFNBTEFMBQHJOB
BOUFSJPS
13. a)Zb)&OUSFMPTDBCMFTSFQSFTFOUBEPTFOFMFTRVFNB FMRVFQSFTFOUBVOBSFTJTUFODJBNBZPSFTFMA QPSRVFFOUSFMPTNTMBSHPT
FTFMNTBOHPTUP&MEFSFTJTUFODJBNFOPSFTFMD QPSRVFFOUSF
MPTNTDPSUPTFTFMNTBODIP
c) 1BSB SFTPMWFS MPT QVOUPT BOUFSJPSFT FT JNQPSUBOUF IBCFS
BDMBSBEPRVFMPTDJODPDBCMFTFTUOGBCSJDBEPTDPOMPTNJTNPTNBUFSJBMFTQPSRVF TJOPGVFTFBT OPQPESBOIBDFSTF
DPNQBSBDJPOFT ZBRVFNFUBMFTEJTUJOUPTQVFEFOQSFTFOUBS
EJGFSFOUFDPOEVDUJWJEBE
14. 4JTFQPOFFODPOUBDUPTPMPVOPEFMPTFYUSFNPTEFVODBCMFDPO
MBQJMB OPIBZDJSDVMBDJOEFDPSSJFOUFQPSRVFOPTFFTUBCMFDF
VODJSDVJUP
15. &MPCKFUPEFCFSBTFSEFVONBUFSJBMBJTMBOUF DPNPMBNBEFSB
QBSBFWJUBSRVFMBDPSSJFOUFMMFHVFBMDVFSQPEFMBQFSTPOBRVF
QSFTUBBZVEB
DVBOEPTFBDDJPOBFMJOUFSSVQUPS&OFMFTRVFNBD, solo las

EFMBSBNBDPSSFTQPOEJFOUF
18. -PTWBMPSFTTPMJDJUBEPTTFPCUJFOFOBQMJDBOEPMBTGSNVMBTQSFTFOUBEBTFOFMDBQUVMP6OBWF[DPNQMFUBEB MBUBCMBRVFEBEFM
NPEPTJHVJFOUF
Mquina
Tensin (V)
Intensidad de corriente (A)
1

2
110

3
110

4
220
0
Tiempo de
funcionamiento (S)

Potencia de la mquina (W)

Energa entregada
por la mquina (J)
19. "VORVFMBMJTUBRVFDPOGFDDJPOFOMPTBMVNOPTQVFEFTFSNVZ
BNQMJB FTNVZQPTJCMFRVFNFODJPOFOBSUFGBDUPTEFJMVNJOBDJO FOFMMPTMBFOFSHBFMDUSJDBTFUSBOTGPSNBFOMV[ZDBMPS

NPUPSFT FONPWJNJFOUPZDBMPS
BQBSBUPTEFBVEJP FOTPOJEP

PFTUVGBTFMDUSJDBT DBMPSZMV[

20. a) 6OBCTRVFEBFO*OUFSOFUPMBTJNQMFDPOTVMUBBMBFUJRVFUBEFM
FOWBTFEFVOBEFFTUBTMNQBSBTSFWFMBRVFBIPSSBOBMSFEFEPS
EFMEFFOFSHBFODPNQBSBDJODPOMBTJODBOEFTDFOUFT
b) -BT DSUJDBT NT GSFDVFOUFT EF MPT VTVBSJPT TPCSF FTUF UJQP
EFMNQBSBTBQVOUBOIBDJBFMUJQPEFMV[RVFFNJUFO NT
GSB
ZBTVDPTUP RVFFTVOBTTJFUFWFDFTTVQFSJPSBMEFMBT
JODBOEFTDFOUFT
16. 1BSBSFTPMWFSFMFKFSDJDJPIBZRVFUFOFSFODVFOUBMBTSFMBDJPOFT
R=
V
V
, i = , V = i R&GFDUVBOEPMPTDMDVMPT TFPCUJFOF
i
R
a) -BUFOTJOFT7
b) -BJOUFOTJEBEFT "
c) -BSFTJTUFODJBFT
Seccin
III
La materia y el magnetismo
Pgina 113
Pgina 107
17. a) -PTEJBHSBNBTDPOTNCPMPTDPOWFODJPOBMFTTPOMPTTJHVJFOUFT
A.
B.
1. 4FFTQFSBRVF CBTOEPTFFOTVQSPCBCMFFYQFSJFODJBBOUFSJPS
DPOJNBOFT MPTBMVNOPTSFTQPOEBORVFMPTEPTJNBOFTEFCFO
EJTQPOFSTFEFNBOFSBRVFMPTQPMPTEFMNJTNPOPNCSFRVFEFO
FOGSFOUBEPT
C.
D.
b) El esquema A puede considerarse un paralelo de dos circuiUPTFOTFSJFDPOVOTPMPJOUFSSVQUPS

c) El esquema CQVFEFDPOTJEFSBSTFVOBTFSJFEFEPTDJSDVJUPT
en paralelo.
d) En los esquemas A Z B UPEBT MBT MBNQBSJUBT TF BGFDUBO
18
3. 1BSBSFTQPOEFSDNPGVODJPOBFMUSFOEFMFWJUBDJONBHOUJDB
ZQPSRVEBJEFBEFiGMPUBDJOwBMPTQBTBKFSPTRVFWJBKBOFOM
IBZRVFUFOFSFODVFOUBFMUFYUPEFMBOPUB FOFMRVFTFTFBMB
que los maglevQPTFFOJNBOFTFOMPTWBHPOFTZFMFDUSPJNBOFT
FOMPTDBSSJMFTHVB ZRVFMBEJTUBODJBFOUSFBNCPTEVSBOUFFM
SFDPSSJEPFTEFBMHVOPTDFOUNFUSPT
4. "VORVFEFTDPOP[DBORVFTFTQFDGJDBNFOUFVODBNQPNBHOUJDP TJBOUFTFTUVEJBSPOMPTDBQUVMPTEFFMFDUSJDJEBE FTQPTJCMFRVF
MPBTPDJFODPOMPTDBNQPTFMDUSJDPT&OUPODFTUBMWF[NFODJPOFO
que es algo que llena la regin cercana a un imn, o algo parecido.
5. "VORVFMBSFTQVFTUBFTBCJFSUB FTQPTJCMFRVFBMHVOPTBMVNOPT
IBZBOUPNBEPDPOUBDUPDPOMPTDVFTUJPOBNJFOUPTSFBMJ[BEPTQPS
2. 4J OP DPOPDFO EF RV TF USBUB MB QBMBCSB iFMFDUSPJNBOFTw TVHJFSFVOJNORVFUJFOFBMHVOBSFMBDJODPOMBFMFDUSJDJEBE&T
QSPCBCMFRVFMPTBMVNOPTTFBMFORVFTFQBSFDFOBMPTJNBOFT
DPNVOFTFORVFQPTFFOQSPQJFEBEFTNBHOUJDBTTJNJMBSFT5BM
WF[JOEJRVFORVFEJGJFSFOEFFMMPTFORVFTPMPGVODJPOBODVBOEPDJSDVMBFMFDUSJDJEBE
PSHBOJ[BDJPOFTBNCJFOUBMFTBDFSDBEFMPTDBNQPTHFOFSBEPTQPS
MBTMOFBTEFBMUBUFOTJO5BNCJOFTGBDUJCMFRVFDPOP[DBODJFSUPTTVQVFTUPTFGFDUPTEFMNBHOFUJTNPRVFTFQVCMJDJUBOFOMPT
NFEJPTEFDPNVOJDBDJODPOGJOFTBQBSFOUFNFOUFUFSBQVUJDPT
6. -PTBMVNOPTEFCFODPOPDFSRVFFMDBNQPNBHOUJDPUFSSFTUSF
FTDPOTFDVFODJBEFRVFMB5JFSSBTFDPNQPSUBDPNPVOJNO Z
RVFFTPFTMPRVFGVOEBNFOUBFMGVODJPOBNJFOUPEFMBCSKVMB
7. 3FTQVFTUBBCJFSUB&TQSPCBCMFRVFTFNFODJPOFONPUPSFT QPSUFSPT FMDUSJDPT CSKVMBT UJNCSFT Z BMHVOPT PUSPT EJTQPTJUJWPT
QSFTFOUBEPTFOFTUBTFDDJO
7 Los imanes naturales y artificiales
5. a) 4JMBDPNQBFSBVTBSBVOBMNJOBEFQBQFMEFBMVNJOJPOP
IBCSBWBSJBDJPOFT ZFMJNOTFHVJSBFKFSDJFOEPBUSBDDJO
TPCSFFMBMGJMFS
b) 4IBCSBDBNCJPTFOFMDBTPEFFNQMFBSVOBMNJOBEFMHBEB
EFIJFSSP QPSRVFBDUVBSBDPNPVOBiCBSSFSBwBMNBHOFUJTNPZNVZQPDPEFMBUSBWFTBSBMBMNJOB
Pgina 120
6. 4FUSBUBEFVOBBDUJWJEBEBCJFSUBEFWFSJGJDBDJOEFMPTDPOUFOJEPT FYQMJDBEPT FO FM UFYUP RVF QPOES BM BMVNOP FO TJUVBDJOFYQFSJNFOUBMDPOJNBOFTRVFTFHVSBNFOUFiBUSBQBSOwTV
BUFODJO
Pgina 114
Pgina 121
1. a) 1FESP FM 1FSFHSJOP FSB DPOTJEFSBEP VO HSBO JOWFTUJHBEPS

QPSRVFTFFTQFDJBMJ[BCBFOFMUSBCBKPDPONFUBMFTZSFBMJ[
VO DPOKVOUP EF FYQFSJFODJBT TPCSF FM DPNQPSUBNJFOUP EF
los imanes.
b) &TDPOPDJEPRVFMPTJNBOFTOPFKFSDFOTVBDDJOTPCSFUPEPT
MPTNFUBMFTTJOP NVZQBSUJDVMBSNFOUF TPCSFFMIJFSSP4JO
FNCBSHP DPNPTFWFSBMPMBSHPEFMDBQUVMP UBNCJOBDUBOECJMNFOUFTPCSFBMHVOPTPUSPT
c) -BiQJFESBJNOwFT FGFDUJWBNFOUF VOBSPDBEFJNOOBUVSBM&OFMDBQUVMPTFFYQMJDBSDNPQVFEFODPOTFHVJSTF
JNBOFT iBSUJGJDJBMFTw FT EFDJS RVF OP TF FODVFOUSBO FO MB
OBUVSBMF[BTJOPRVFTPOGBCSJDBEPTQPSFMIPNCSF
d) "VORVFFMBQSPWFDIBNJFOUPEFGVFOUFTRVFQSPWFBOFOFSHBFTVOPEFMPTHSBOEFTUFNBTEFMNVOEPBDUVBM FOFMRVF
DPOWJWJNPT DPO OVNFSPTPT BSUFGBDUPT FMDUSJDPT UBNCJO
GVFVOBQSFPDVQBDJOQBSBMBTQFSTPOBTEFUPEBTMBTQPDBT
1PSFTBSB[O USBUBSPOEFDPOTUSVJSNRVJOBTRVFGVODJPOBSBOTJOOFDFTJEBEEFFOUSFHBSMFTFOFSHB TJOPRVFFTUBGVFSB
QSPWJTUBQPSVOBOJNBM QPSVODVSTPEFBHVB QPSFMWJFOUP
PQPSVOBDPNCVTUJO
e) )BCSBRVFFYQMJDBSMFBFTFDPNQBFSPRVFOPTFUSBUBEFVO
GFONFOP NBHOUJDP QPSRVF FO M OP QBSUJDJQBO JNBOFT OJ
OJOHOPCKFUPEFIJFSSP-PRVFTVDFEFFTRVF BMGSPUBSFMQFJOFDPOUSBMBDBNJTB FTUFRVFEBDBSHBEPFMDUSJDBNFOUFZFTB
FTMBSB[OQPSMBRVFBUSBFFMDBCFMMP4FUSBUB FOUPODFT EFVO
GFONFOPFMFDUSPTUUJDP DPNPTFFTUVEJFOFMDBQUVMP
7. a) 'BMTB &M DBNQP NBHOUJDP OP FT MB SFHJO TJOP MP RVF MB
llena.
b) 7FSEBEFSB&MDBNQPNBHOUJDPFTiFTPwRVFMMFOBMBSFHJO
que rodea a un imn.
c) 7FSEBEFSB&TBFTVOBGPSNBEFQPOFSFOFWJEFODJBBMDBNQPNBHOUJDP
d) 7FSEBEFSB&MFTQBDJPDBNCJBTVTQSPQJFEBEFTDVBOEPIBZ
un campo que lo llena.
Pgina 115
Pgina 118
Pgina 124
8. 3FTQVFTUBBCJFSUBDPOTUJUVZFVONFSPSFDPOPDJNJFOUPEFMPJOEJDBEPFOFTUBQHJOBZQFSNJUFFYQMPSBSFMFOUPSOPFOCVTDBEF
PUSBTBQMJDBDJPOFTEFMPTJNBOFT
Pgina 125
9. a) &MEPDFOUFQVFEFDPMBCPSBSDPOMPTHSVQPTFOMBPSHBOJ[BDJOEFMUSBCBKPZMBJOEJWJEVBMJ[BDJOEFMBTMOFBTEFMDBNQPEFDBEBFTQFDUSPPCUFOJEP
b) -BTMJNBEVSBTTFDPODFOUSBONTFOMBTDFSDBOBTEFMPTQPMPTEFDBEBJNO QPSRVFFOFTBT[POBTFMDBNQPNBHOUJDP
FTNTGVFSUF
c) &O DBEB FTQFDUSP NBHOUJDP PCUFOJEP MBT MOFBT FTUO NT
KVOUBTFOMBT[POBTEPOEFFMDBNQPFTNTJOUFOTP ZNTFTQBDJBEBTEPOEFFMDBNQPFTNTECJM
d) /P MBTMJNBEVSBTOPTPOFMDBNQP4POTPMPVOSFDVSTPQBSB
WJTVBMJ[BSFMDBNQP RVFFTJOWJTJCMF
2. 4FHVSBNFOUF MPT BMVNOPT DPOTJEFSBSO RVF ZB OP TF BDFQUBO

DPODFQDJPOFTEFMFTUJMPEFMPTiFTQSJUVTDPOHBSSBTwPMBEFMPT
iJNBOFTDPOWJEBwPiDPOBMNBw4JOFNCBSHP FTQSPCBCMFRVF
FTUJNFORVFDPOTFSWBTVWJHFODJBMBEFTDSJQDJOEFMPTGFONFOPTPCTFSWBEPTEFTEFIBDFNVDIPUJFNQPEVSBOUFMBTBDUJWJEBEFTFYQFSJNFOUBMFT
Pgina 127
3. -BT PQJOJPOFT TPCSF MB NBHOFUPUFSBQJB DPNP TF TPTQFDIBS

TPO NVZ EJWFSTBT &O MB QHJOB RVF TF QSPQPOF DPNP MFDUVSB
TF JODMVZF JOGPSNBDJO CBTUBOUF QSFDJTB TPCSF DVM FT FM BWBM
DJFOUGJDPBFTUBGPSNBEFiNFEJDJOBBMUFSOBUJWBw
11. 4FHVSBNFOUF MPT BMVNOPT FTUBSO EF BDVFSEP FO RVF FT NVZ
JNQPSUBOUFRVFFYJTUBOPSHBOJTNPTRVFJNQVMTBOZDPOUSPMBO
MBJOWFTUJHBDJODJFOUGJDBFOMB"SHFOUJOB QPSRVFFMMPQFSNJUF
QPSFKFNQMP BTJHOBSSFDVSTPTFDPONJDPTBQSPZFDUPTEFJOWFTUJHBDJORVFQVFEBOEFNPTUSBSTVTFSJFEBEZTPMWFODJB
10. &O FMGTJDPJOHMT1BVM%JSBDTPTUVWPRVF FODPOEJDJPOFT

TVNBNFOUFFTQFDJBMFT FSBQPTJCMFBJTMBSVOPEFMPTQPMPTNBHOUJDPT BMRVFTFMPJEFOUJGJDBDPNPNPOPQPMP6Omonopolo
FT FOUPODFT VOJNOIJQPUUJDPRVFDVFOUBDPOVOTPMPQPMP
Pgina 117
4. -PTUSNJOPTRVFMPTBMVNOPTUJFOFORVFVUJMJ[BSQBSBDPNQMFUBSMBTPSBDJPOFTTPOa) 1PMPTb)/BUVSBM BSUJGJDJBMFTc)1PMPT
d)/PSUF TVSe)*HVBMf) %JTUJOUP
12. "VORVFMBBDUJWJEBEFTBCJFSUB FTQPTJCMFJNBHJOBSBMHOEJTFPIFDIPQPSMPTBMVNOPTFOFMRVFMBGVFS[BQBSBFMNPWJNJFOUPTFPCUJFOFFOGSFOUBOEPQPEFSPTPTJNBOFT EFNPEPRVFTVT

QPMPTTFSFDIBDFOFOUSFT
19
13. &TQFSBNPTRVFQBSBMPTBMVNOPTTFBFWJEFOUFRVFMBTEPTOPUJDJBTQSFTFOUBEBTFOFTUBEPCMFQHJOBOPTPOJHVBMNFOUFDPOGJBCMFT-BQSJNFSBFTUBWBMBEBQPSQVCMJDBDJPOFTJOUFSOBDJPOBMFT
EFSFDPOPDJEPQSFTUJHJP-BTFHVOEBOPTQSFTFOUBVOBTJUVBDJO
NVZEJTDVUJCMF RVFOJTJRVJFSBDVFOUBDPOFMSFDPOPDJNJFOUPEF
MPTPSHBOJTNPTRVFJNQVMTBOZDPOUSPMBOMBJOWFTUJHBDJOFOMB
"SHFOUJOB
&MPUSPUJFOFSB[ODVBOEPEJDFRVFIBZJNBOFTEFUSFTPDVBUSP
QPMPT1FSPOPTFMMBNBOOPSUF TVS FTUFZPFTUF&OFTFDBTPTPO
EPTQPMPT OPSUFZTVS
RVFTFSFQJUFO
22. -BT[POBTFOMBTRVFMBTMOFBTEFDBNQPFTUONTKVOUBTDPSSFTQPOEFOBMBTQBSUFTEPOEFFMDBNQPFTNTJOUFOTP ZMBT
[POBTFOMBTRVFMBTMOFBTFTUONTFTQBDJBEBT BMBTQBSUFTFO
MBTRVFFMDBNQPFTNTECJM
Pgina 128
15. /JOHVOB EF MBT JNHFOFT FT DPSSFDUB QPSRVF TF USBUB EF VOB
JOUFSBDDJOFOUSFVOJNOZVOBUVFSDBEFNBTBTTFNFKBOUFT
1PS FTB SB[O EFCFSB IBCFS EPT WFDUPSFT Z MPT EPT UFOESBO
RVFTFQBSBSTFEFMBWFSUJDBMDBTJDPOVONJTNPOHVMP DPNPTF
NVFTUSBFOMBQHJOBEFMDBQUVMP
16. 3FTQVFTUBBCJFSUB FTQSPCBCBMFRVFSFTQPOEBO
Induccin magntica: BM BDUVBS TPCSF VO PCKFUP EF IJFSSP FM
JNODPOWJFSUFBMPCKFUPFOVOOVFWPJNO
Magnetismo remanente:MPTPCKFUPTNBHOFUJ[BEPTQPSJOEVDDJO
DPOTFSWBOFMNBHOFUJTNPRVFBERVJSJFSPO
23. 4 FMEBUPSFTQPOEFBTVEVEB BVORVFEFVONPEPJOEJSFDUP4JMB

-VOBOPQPTFFDBNQPNBHOUJDP BMMVOBCSKVMBOPGVODJPOBSB
24. -BTJUVBDJOFORVFTFBUSBFOQBQFMJUPTEFTQVTEFGSPUBSVOB
WBSJMMBEFWJESJPDPOVOQBPEFMBOBDPSSFTQPOEFBVOGFONFOPFMFDUSPTUUJDP FTUVEJBEPFOFMDBQUVMP1BSBQSPCBSRVFOP
TFUSBUBEFVOGFONFOPNBHOUJDP CBTUBDPONPTUSBSRVFBRV
OPQBSUJDJQBOJNBOFTOJOJOHOPCKFUPEFIJFSSP
8 El magnetismo y sus aplicaciones

Pgina 130
18. a) &TUFDPNQPSUBNJFOUPTFEFCFBMBJOEVDDJONBHOUJDBEFM
JNOTPCSFMBTDIJODIFT
b) -BTDIJODIFTOPTPOEFCSPODF TJOPEFIJFSSPPEFBDFSPQJOUBEPTDPOFMDPMPSEFMCSPODF1PSFTPTPOBUSBEBTQPSFMJNO
c) %FMPTDVBUSPFTRVFNBT TPOQPTJCMFTAZB QPSRVFMBBUSBDDJOTFEBFOUSFQPMPTEFEJGFSFOUFOPNCSF
d) &MGFONFOPFTFMNBHOFUJTNPSFNBOFOUF
e) 4 UVDPNQBFSPUJFOFSB[O QPSRVFTFUSBUBEFVOBJOUFSBDDJO
f) /P FOFTUPOPUJFOFSB[O&TJNQPTJCMFTFQBSBSVOQPMP
EFMPUSP
g) $POWFOESBMMFWBSVOJNO"T QPSMPNFOPT UFBTFHVSBSBT
EFRVFOPTPOEFIJFSSPOJEFBDFSP
1. a) &TNVZQPTJCMFRVFMPTBMVNOPTZBTFQBORVFMB5JFSSBFTVO
HJHBOUFTDPJNOZQPTFBOVOBOPDJOEFRVSFQSFTFOUBO
MPTQPMPTNBHOUJDPTUFSSFTUSFT4JOFNCBSHP USBUOEPTFEFM
DBNQPNBHOUJDPUFSSFTUSF TVDPOPDJNJFOUPTFSCBTUBOUF
impreciso.
b) 4FHVSBNFOUFMPTBMVNOPTUJFOFOVOBJEFBDMBSBEFQBSBRV
TJSWFMBCSKVMBZEFDNPGVODJPOB-BJEFB FT SFMBDJPOBS
FTUB SFTQVFTUB DPO MPT DPODFQUPT NFODJPOBEPT FO MB SFTQVFTUBBOUFSJPS
c) &TQSPCBCMFRVFMPTBMVNOPTEJTQPOHBOEFMBJOGPSNBDJO
iDMTJDBwRVFMPTDIJOPTPMPTSBCFTJOWFOUBSPOMBCSKVMB
3FTQFDUPEFMBQPDB QVFEFOFTQFSBSTFSFTQVFTUBTNVZWBriadas.
d) &TGBDUJCMFRVFFOFTUFQVOUPIBZBNVZQPDPTBQPSUFT QPSRVFMBNBZPSQBSUFEFMBTQFSTPOBTOPDPOPDFRVFMPTQPMPT
NBHOUJDPTUFSSFTUSFTDBNCJBOTVQPTJDJO1VFEFTFSDPOWFOJFOUFSFUPNBSFTUBQSFHVOUBDVBOEPTFUSBUFFMUFNBFO
MBQHJOB
e) &M QSPQJP UFYUP JOEJDB QBSB RV TJSWF VO NBHOFUNFUSP
iFTUFJOTUSVNFOUPQFSNJUFNFEJSMBTWBSJBDJPOFTEFMDBNQP
NBHOUJDPUFSSFTUSFw&TUBJOGPSNBDJOTFUFOESFODVFOUB
FOBMHVOBTTFDDJPOFTEFMDBQUVMP
Pgina 129
Pgina 135
19. -BJEFOUJGJDBDJOTFSBNVZTFODJMMB4FUPNBFMJNONBSDBEP
ZTFMPFOGSFOUBQPSVOPEFTVTQPMPTBVOQPMP QPSFKFNQMP FM
n
EFMJNOTJONBSDBS4JMPTQPMPTTFBUSBFO FTPRVJFSFEFDJS
que el polo desconocido es un s$POFTPZBTFTBCSBRVFFMPUSP
polo del imn sin marcar es un n4JQFSTJTUFOEVEBT TFMPQVFEF
WFSJGJDBSBDFSDBOEPFTUFMUJNPBMnEFMJNOQJOUBEP-PRVFTF
FTQFSBRVFTFTJFOUBFTRVFBNCPTTFSFDIB[BO
2. &O VOB IBCJUBDJO DFSSBEB TJO DPOPDFS EOEF TF VCJDBO MPT
QVOUPTDBSEJOBMFT VOBCSKVMBDPOTVQPMPOPSUFTJOJEFOUJGJDBS
OPTQFSNJUJSBDPOPDFSMBEJSFDDJO/41FSPOPQPESBNPTTBCFSFODVMEFMPTTFOUJEPTJOEJDBEPTFTUFM/ZFODVM FM4
17. a) 4 TFSBVOBGVFS[BEFBUSBDDJO QPSRVFFOMBQSJNFSBTJUVBDJOTFUSBUBSBEFQPMPTEJGFSFOUFT ZUBNCJOMPTFSBOFOMB

segunda.
b) /P OPFTTFHVSP QPSRVFQPESBOTFSEPTQPMPTTVS RVFUBNCJOTFSFDIB[BO

20. -PTEPTJNBOFTRVFEBSPOFOGSFOUBEPTQPSTVTQPMPTPQVFTUPT RVF

TFMPDBMJ[BO DPNPTFBMBFMUFYUPEFMDBQUVMP FOMBTDBSBTEFDBEB
VOP
-BGVFS[BEFSFQVMTJOEFKBiGMPUBOEPwBMTFHVOEPJNO
21. -PTEPTDIJDPTTPTUJFOFOJEFBTJODPSSFDUBT6OPEFFMMPTBGJSNB
RVFUPEPTMPTJNBOFTUJFOFOEPTQPMPT ZFOMBQHJOBIFNPTQSFTFOUBEPDBTPTFOMPTRVFMPTJNBOFTQVFEFOUFOFSUSFTP
ms polos.
20
Pgina 137
3. a) 4JTFQPOFFODPOUBDUPDPOMBQJMBTPMPVOPEFMPTFYUSFNPT
EFMDBCMF MBDPSSJFOUFOPDJSDVMBSQPSRVFOPTFFTUBCMFDF
VO DJSDVJUP FMDUSJDP 4J RVFEBSBO EVEBT TPCSF FTUF QVOUP
DPOWJFOFMFFSFMUFYUPDPSSFTQPOEJFOUFEFMDBQUVMP
b) &OMBTDPOEJDJPOFTEFMQVOUPBOUFSJPS MPTBMGJMFSFTOPTFSO
BUSBEPT QPSRVF DPNP BDMBSB FM UFYUP FM FMFDUSPJNO OP
GVODJPOBTJOPDJSDVMBFMFDUSJDJEBE
c) 1FMBS MPT EPT FYUSFNPT EFM DBCMF FT OFDFTBSJP QBSB HBSBOUJ[BS FM DPOUBDUP EFM NBUFSJBM DPOEVDUPS EFM DBCMF DPO MPT
14. &TQPTJCMFRVFFMFODBSHBEPDPOTJHBSFDVQFSBSFMUPSOJMMPEFBDFSP QFSPQPSFTUFNUPEPOPMPHSBSBUSBFSBMDPCSF QPSRVFOP

FTVONBUFSJBMGFSSPNBHOUJDP
FYUSFNPTEFMBQJMB"RVUBNCJO TJRVFEBSBOEVEBT DPOWJFOFSFDVSSJSBMDBQUVMP
Pgina 140
4. a) 4F FTQFSB RVF NFEJBOUF MBT FYQFSJFODJBT QSPQVFTUBT TF
WFSJGJRVFOMBTEPTIJQUFTJTQVFTUBTBQSVFCB&OFMQSJNFS
DBTP MBNBZPSQPUFODJBEFMTFHVOEPFMFDUSPJNOQFSNJUJS
MBBUSBDDJOEFMBUVFSDBBVOBEJTUBODJBRVFFMQSJNFSFMFDUSPJNOZBOPMPDPOTFHVB&OFMTFHVOEPDBTP PDVSSJSMB
TJUVBDJOJOWFSTB EFCJEPBRVFFMDBNQPNBHOUJDPHFOFSBEPQPSFMDBCMFFOSPMMBEPFOVOTFOUJEPTFSFTUBBMHFOFSBEP
QPSFMRVFGVFFOSPMMBEPFOTFOUJEPJOWFSTP
b) -BUVFSDBDPMPDBEBBVOBEJTUBODJBWBSJBCMFFTFMiJOTUSVNFOUPw QFSNJUJSFDPOPDFSMBTEJGFSFODJBTFOMBQPUFODJBEFMPT
FMFDUSPJNBOFT
c) &M JOTUSVNFOUP RVF TFSB BEFDVBEP QBSB NFEJS MBT WBSJBDJPOFTEFMDBNQPNBHOUJDPBMJODSFNFOUBSFMONFSPEF
WVFMUBTPNF[DMBSMPTTFOUJEPTBMFOSPMMBSFMDBCMFFTFMNBHOFUNFUSP DVZBGPUPTFFODVFOUSBFOMBQHJOB
Pgina 142
5. a) "MDPMPDBSVOJNOFOMBDBCF[BEFMBQBMPNBTFRVFSBJOWFTUJHBSDNPQVFEFJOGMVJSMBQSFTFODJBEFVODBNQPNBHOUJDPBEJDJPOBMFOMBQFSDFQDJOEFMBOJNBM
b) 3FTQFDUPEFMEJTFPEFMBFYQFSJFODJB TFQPESBQFOTBS QPS
FKFNQMP FOEFKBSMJCSFTEPTQBMPNBTDPOVOJUJOFSBSJPQSFWJBNFOUFBQSFOEJEP VOBEFFMMBTDPOFMJNOBEJDJPOBM ZWFSJGJDBSTJFTUBMUJNBDPOTFSWBPOPTVDBQBDJEBEEFPSJFOUBDJO
Pgina 143
6. a) %F BDVFSEP DPO MB OPUB TF QVFEF JOUFSQSFUBS RVF MP RVF
DBVTB MB SFBDDJO FO FM NTDVMP EFM [BIPS OP FT FM BHVB
TJOP MB QSFTFODJB EF [POBT EF GSBDUVSBT RVF PSJHJOBO EFTQMB[BNJFOUPTEFHSBOEFTNBTBTFOFMJOUFSJPSEFMBDPSUF[B
UFSSFTUSFZNPEJGJDBOFMDBNQPHFPNBHOUJDP
b) /P EVEBNPT RVF B MB NBZPSB EF MPT BMVNOPT MF HVTUBS
TBCFSTJFT[BIPSPOP6ONPEPEFQSPCBSMPQPESBTFS QPS
FKFNQMP DPODFOUSBSTFQBSBJOUFOUBSQFSDJCJSBMHODBNCJP
FO MPT NTDVMPT BM FODPOUSBSTF FO MBT DFSDBOBT EF BMHO
JNOQPEFSPTP"EWFSUJNPT EFUPEPTNPEPT RVFDPOTFHVJS
FTFOJWFMEFDPODFOUSBDJOOPTFSGDJM
c) 6O[BIPSDPOMPTPKPTUBQBEPTQPESBEFUFDUBSMBQSFTFODJB
EFVOFMFDUSPJNOFOGVODJPOBNJFOUPQPSRVFTVTNTDVMPT
SFBDDJPOBSBOBOUFMBQSFTFODJBEFMDBNQPNBHOUJDPHFOFSBEPQPSM
9. a) 4JMBTEPTFTQJSBTTFSFDIB[BO MBDPSSJFOUFFOMBPUSBFTQJSB
DJSDVMBFOFMTFOUJEPPQVFTUPRVFFOMBJOEJDBEB QPSRVFMB
QPMBSJEBEFTUJOWFSUJEB BNCBTTFSFDIB[BO

b) -BTEPTGMFDIBTSPKBTRVFBQBSFDFOFOFMFTRVFNBTPOWFDUPSFTZSFQSFTFOUBOMBGVFS[BEFSFQVMTJOFOUSFMBTFTQJSBT
c) )BZEPTGMFDIBTSPKBTZOPTPMPVOB QPSRVFTFUSBUBEFVOB
JOUFSBDDJO
10. a) 'BMTB&MJOJDJPEFMBJOWFTUJHBDJODJFOUGJDBTPCSFMBSFMBDJO
FOUSFFMNBHOFUJTNPZMBFMFDUSJDJEBEDPSSFTQPOEFBMEFTDVCSJNJFOUPEF0FSTUFEFO
b) 'BMTB-BTMOFBTEFMDBNQPHFPNBHOUJDPRVFSPEFBOBMB
5JFSSBQVFEFODPNQBSBSTFDPOMBTMOFBTEFVOHJHBOUFTDP
JNOFOCBSSBDPMPDBEPFOFMJOUFSJPSEFMQMBOFUB
c) 7FSEBEFSB&MQSJNFSPFOQSPQPOFSVONPEFMPDJFOUGJDPRVF
FYQMJDBCBFMDPNQPSUBNJFOUPEFMBCSKVMBGVF(JMCFSUFO
d) 'BMTB -PT FTUVEJPT NVFTUSBO RVF FM DBNQP HFPNBHOUJDP
JOWJSUJTVQPMBSJEBEQPSMPNFOPTWFDFTFOMPTQBTBEPT
NJMMPOFT EF BPT -B QPTJDJO EF DBEB QPMP BEFNT
DBNCJBMFWFNFOUFDBEBBP
e) 'BMTB 1BSB RVF VO FMFDUSPJNO GVODJPOF MB FMFDUSJDJEBE
EFCFFTUBSFONPWJNJFOUP
f) 'BMTB2VFMPTQPMPTNBHOUJDPTOPDPJODJEBODPOMPTHFPHSGJDPTFTMBDBVTBEFMBEFDMJOBDJONBHOUJDBUBNQPDP
DPJODJEFO FO TVT VCJDBDJPOFT -B JODMJOBDJO BQBSFDF FO
BRVFMMPT MVHBSFT FO MPT RVF TF FTU NT DFSDB EF VO QPMP
NBHOUJDPRVFEFMPUSP
g) 7FSEBEFSB-PTWJBKFTEF.BHBMMBOFTZ&MDBOPTPOEPTFKFNplos de ello.
11. a) &MQPMPOPSUFEFMBBHVKBNBHOUJDBEFCFSBBQBSFDFSBSSJCB
ZFMQPMPTVS BCBKP
b) &MQPMPOPSUFNBHOUJDPUFSSFTUSFEFCFSBBQBSFDFSBCBKPZ
FMQPMPTVSNBHOUJDPUFSSFTUSF BSSJCB
12. a) &M&DVBEPSNBHOUJDPFTVOBDJSDVOGFSFODJBRVFTFFODVFOUSBKVTUPBNJUBEEFDBNJOPFOUSFMPTEPTQPMPTNBHOUJDPT
b) &M&DVBEPSHFPHSGJDPOPDPJODJEFDPOFMNBHOUJDPQPSRVF
MPTQPMPTHFPHSGJDPTZMPTNBHOUJDPTOPUJFOFOMBNJTNB
VCJDBDJOFOFMQMBOFUB
13. a) "M DPMHBS FM FMFDUSPJNO DPNP JOEJDB MB GJHVSB FTUF TJFNQSF RVFEB BQVOUBOEP FO VOB NJTNB EJSFDDJO QPSRVF BM
TFSBGFDUBEPQPSFMDBNQPNBHOUJDPUFSSFTUSF TFDPNQPSUB
DPNPVOBCSKVMB
b) 4J MPT UFSNJOBMFT EF MB QJMB RVFEBO JOWFSUJEPT UBNCJO TF
JOWJFSUFMBDPSSJFOUF$BNCJBMBQPMBSJEBEEFMFMFDUSPJNOZ
MBCSKVMBTFEBWVFMUB&TEFDJS WBBRVFEBSFOMBQPTJDJO"
Pgina 144
Pgina 145
7. &OMBJNBHFOEFMFMFDUSPJNOIBZVOFSSPSFOFMMVHBSRVFPDVQBOMPTBMGJMFSFT QPSRVFMPTQPMPTFTUOTJUVBEPTFOMPTFYUSFNPTZOPFOFMNFEJP
&OMBEFMDBCMFDPOEVDUPS MBTMOFBTEFDBNQPNBHOUJDPOPTPO
DPNPMBTEJCVKBEBT SBEJBMFT
TJOPFOGPSNBEFDJSDVOGFSFODJBT
DPODOUSJDBT
14. 4JTFNVFWFVOBCSKVMBBMSFEFEPSEFVOFMFDUSPJNORVFBDBCB
EFEFTDPOFDUBSTF MBBHVKBEFMBCSKVMBJHVBMTFEFTWJBSEFCJEPBMFGFDUPSFTJEVBM MMBNBEPNBHOFUJTNPSFNBOFOUF
RVFIB
RVFEBEPFOFMFMFDUSPJNO
8. /P OPFTDPSSFDUPRVFMBWBSBDPNJFODFBBHJUBSTFBOUFMBQSFTFODJBEFBHVB&MBSUDVMPEFMBQHJOBFYQMJDBRVF FMRVF
FOSFBMJEBETFNVFWFFTFMCSB[PEFM[BIPS ZRVFMBWBSBOP
IBDFNTRVFBNQMJGJDBSFTFNPWJNJFOUP
21
El imn y la bobina El imn y la bobina

se atraen
se repelen
Accin
4FBVNFOUBFMONFSPEF
WVFMUBTEFMDBCMFBMSFEFEPS
EFMBQJF[BEFIJFSSP
4FEBWVFMUBMBCPCJOBZ
TFEBWVFMUBFMJNO
9
9
&MTFOUJEPEFMBDPSSJFOUF
TFJOWJFSUF
&MTFOUJEPEFMBDPSSJFOUFTF
JOWJFSUFZTFEBWVFMUBFMJNO
Pgina 152
4FEBWVFMUBFMJNO
9
9
16. a) &M GFONFOP JMVTUSBEP FO MB JNBHFO TF MMBNB JODMJOBDJO
NBHOUJDB
b) -BEJSFDDJOEFMBBHVKBEFMBCSKVMBOPDPJODJEFDPOMBIPSJ[POUBMEFMMVHBSQPSRVF BMFTUBSNTDFSDBEFMQPMPOPSUF
NBHOUJDP QPMP4VS
FTUFiUJSBwNTRVFFMPUSP&TBFTMB
SB[OQPSMBRVFMBBHVKBTFJODMJOBIBDJBFTFMBEP
c) 4JMBCSKVMBTFFODPOUSBSBFOFM&DVBEPSNBHOUJDP MBBHVKB
ZMBIPSJ[POUBMDPJODJEJSBO QPSRVFMPTEPTQPMPTNBHOUJDPTFKFSDFSBOMBNJTNBJOGMVFODJB
d) &OFTFDBTP MBEJSFDDJOEFMBBHVKBEFMBCSKVMBUBNQPDP
DPJODJEJSB DPO MB IPSJ[POUBM EFM MVHBS QPSRVF BM FTUBS NT
DFSDBEFMQPMPTVSNBHOUJDP QPMP/PSUF
FTUFiUJSBSBwNT
RVFFMPUSP
Seccin
IV
Las fuerzas
Pgina 151
1. &TGBDUJCMFRVFMPTBMVNOPTIBZBOWJTUPQFMDVMBTPTFSJFTBOJNBEBTEPOEFMPTQSPUBHPOJTUBTVUJMJ[BOQPEFSFTNFOUBMFTQBSBNPWFSPTPTUFOFSPCKFUPT Harry Potter, Star Wars, FUD
&TFTQFSBCMF
RVFMPTBMVNOPTFYQPOHBOTVTIJQUFTJTBDFSDBEFMBTNBOFSBT
FORVFMPTQFSTPOBKFTIBDBOFTUPZBTFWFSFOMBJNQPTJCJMJEBE
EFSFBMJ[BSMPFOMBQSDUJDB BMNFOPTEFMBTGPSNBTFORVFPDVSSFOFOMBTQFMDVMBT
2. &OUSFMBTDPOEJDJPOFTRVFMPTBMVNOPTQSPQPOHBOTFFTQFSBRVF
DPOTJEFSFOMBBDDJOEFVOBHFOUFFYUFSOP FTEFDJS VOBGVFS[B
"VORVFFTUBSFTQVFTUB BTGPSNVMBEB FTJODPNQMFUB FTNVZQSPCBCMFRVFMPTBMVNOPTSFTQPOEBOEFFTUBNBOFSBRVFFTMBRVFUJFOFRVFWFSDPOMBJOUVJDJO6ODVFSQPQVFEFFTUBSFONPWJNJFOUP
TJFTUMJCSFEFJOUFSBDDJPOFT PTFB TJMBTVNBEFMBTGVFS[BTRVF
BDUBOTPCSFMFTDFSP TFNPWFSDPOSBQJEF[DPOTUBOUF

3. -PTBMVNOPTFTUVEJBSPOFOMBTTFDDJPOFTBOUFSJPSFTBMHVOBTJOUFSBDDJPOFTBEJTUBODJB FMDUSJDBTZNBHOUJDBT
QPSMPRVFSFTVMUBFTQFSBCMFRVFNFODJPOFOBMHVOPTEFMPTFKFNQMPTDPOMPT
RVFUSBCBKBSPOFOSFMBDJODPOFTUPTUFNBT
4. &OUPEPTMPTDBTPTRVFMPTBMVNOPTQVFEBODJUBS MBTDBVTBTTF
EFCFOBMBBQMJDBDJOEFGVFS[BTTPCSFMPTPCKFUPT
5. &OFTUFDBTP ZEFTQVTEFIBCFSSFDPSEBEPMPFTUVEJBEPFOTFDDJPOFTBOUFSJPSFT MPTBMVNOPTQPESOSFMBDJPOBSFTUFGFONFOPDPODBVTBTNBHOUJDBT
22
9 Fuerzas, interacciones y campos

1. 4FUSBUBEFMBGVFS[BEFHSBWFEBE&OFMUFYUPTFJOEVDFMBJEFBEF
RVFiMB5JFSSBFTBUSBEBQPSFM4PMwBVORVFEFBQPDPTFJOUSPEVDJS
MBOPDJOEFGVFS[BDPNPFMQSPEVDUPEFJOUFSBDDJPOFTTJNUSJDBT
2. &OFTUBBDUJWJEBETFQSFUFOEFJOEBHBSTJMPTBMVNOPTQVEJFSPO
DPOTUSVJSBMHVOBOPDJOEFGVFS[BBQBSUJSEFMBTJOUFSBDDJPOFT
FMDUSJDBTZNBHOUJDBTFTUVEJBEBTFODBQUVMPTBOUFSJPSFT
3. &TFTQFSBCMFRVFMPTBMVNOPTQVFEBOJEFOUJGJDBSBMHVOPTFGFDUPT
EFMBTGVFS[BT4FUSBCBKBSDPOFMMPTFOMBTQHJOBTTJHVJFOUFT
4. &TUBUBNCJOFTVOBBDUJWJEBEEFJOEBHBDJOEFJEFBT&TNVZ
QSPCBCMFRVFMPTBMVNOPTQVFEBOJOGFSJSRVFFTUPFTQPTJCMF
ZBRVFFTUVEJBSPOMBTJOUFSBDDJPOFTFMDUSJDBTZNBHOUJDBT ZFM
UFYUPIBDFSFGFSFODJBoTJOOPNCSBSMBoBMBGVFS[BHSBWJUBUPSJB
&TJOUFSFTBOUFSFMFWBSDVMFTTPOTVTJEFBTBDFSDBEFMBTDBVTBT
EFMBTJOUFSBDDJPOFT
5. 4FFTQFSBRVFMPTBMVNOPTOPNCSFOMBTJOUFSBDDJPOFTFMDUSJDBT
NBHOUJDBTZHSBWJUBUPSJBT
Pgina 153
6. 3FTQVFTUBBCJFSUB4FFTQFSBRVFMPTBMVNOPTQVFEBOBOBMJ[BS
TJUVBDJPOFTDPUJEJBOBTFOMBTRVFTFQVFEBSFDPOPDFSMBBDDJO
EFGVFS[BT
Pgina 156
7. -PTQBSFTEFJOUFSBDDJORVFQPESOJEFOUJGJDBSMPTBMVNOPTTPO
t *OUFSBDDJOFOUSFFMTPQPSUFZFMUFDIP
t *OUFSBDDJOFOUSFFMTPQPSUFZMBTPHB
t *OUFSBDDJOFOUSFMBTPHBZFMHBODIP
t *OUFSBDDJOFOUSFFMHBODIPZMBCPMTB
Pgina 161
8. "MHVOBTQPTJCMFTSFTQVFTUBTTPOMBTTJHVJFOUFT
a) 5FMGPOPDFMVMBS FNJTPSBEFUFMFWJTJOZFRVJQPEFSBEJPBGJcionado.
b) 5FMFWJTPS SBEJPZDPNQVUBEPSBQPSUUJM
Pgina 165
9. a) 4 FT QPTJCMF EFUFSNJOBS FM QFTP EFM DVFSQP IBMMBOEP MB
GVFS[BRVFGPSNBFMQBSEFJOUFSBDDJODPOFMQFTP&TBGVFS[BFTMBSFTVMUBOUFEFMBTEPTDPNQPOFOUFTNFEJEBTQPSMPT
EJOBNNFUSPT
b) 3FTQVFTUBBCJFSUB&TUPEFQFOEFSEFMPTEJOBNNFUSPTVUJMJ[BEPT EFMPTQFTPTDPMPDBEPTFOMBDBOBTUJUBZEFMBBQMJDBDJODPSSFDUBEFMNUPEP
c) 3FTQVFTUB BCJFSUB $BEB EJOBNNFUSP UFOES VOB NFEJEB
NOJNBFOMBFTDBMB&TFWBMPSFTMBQSFDJTJOEFMJOTUSVNFOUP
d) 4FQVFEFOQSPEVDJSFSSPSFTTJTUFNUJDPTEFCJEPTBEFGJDJFODJBT EF MPT EJOBNNFUSPT FTUJSBNJFOUPT EF MPT SFTPSUFT
SP[BNJFOUPFOUSFMBTQBSUFTNWJMFT FUD
PFSSPSFTBDDJEFOUBMFTBMMFFSMBTNFEJEBTFOMBFTDBMB
e) 3FTQVFTUBBCJFSUB-PTBMVNOPTQPESOPCTFSWBSRVFQBSB
masas iguales, la modificacin de los ngulos o de las
15.
BMUVSBT NBOUJFOF JOWBSJBOUF FM QFTP EFOUSP EF MPT WBMPSFT

BQSPYJNBEPTEFCJEPTBMPTFSSPSFTFYQFSJNFOUBMFT

Pgina 166
10. &MEFCJMJUBNJFOUPEFMPTIVFTPTTFSFMBDJPOBDPOMBEJTNJOVDJO
EFMBHSBWFEBE&TUPIBDFRVFFMPSHBOJTNPEFMPTBTUSPOBVUBT
OPOFDFTJUFFMGPSUBMFDJNJFOUPEFMPTIVFTPTZMPTNTDVMPTQBSB
TPQPSUBSFMQFTPRVFUFOESBOFOMBTVQFSGJDJFUFSSFTUSF"T B
SB[EFFTUP TFPSJHJOBVOFYDFTPEFDBMDJPFOFMTJTUFNBTFP
RVFTFEJTUSJCVZFQPSFMPSHBOJTNPZQVFEFPDBTJPOBSMBGPSNBDJOEFDMDVMPTSFOBMFT&TUBQSEJEBEFDBMDJPPSJHJOB BEFNT
una disminucin de masa sea que puede ser la causa de que
TFQSPEV[DBVOBPTUFPQPSPTJT
11. -BHSBWFEBEGBWPSFDFFMGPSUBMFDJNJFOUPEFMPTIVFTPTEFCJEPB
RVF BOUFMBOFDFTJEBEEFTPQPSUBSQFTP TFBTJNJMBDBMDJPRVF
QBTBBGPSNBSQBSUFEFMBNBTBTFB
12. 3FTQVFTUBBCJFSUB&MQSPQTJUPEFMBBDUJWJEBEFTRVFMPTBMVNOPTQVFEBOBNQMJBSJOGPSNBDJOBDFSDBEFMBTJOWFTUJHBDJPOFT
EFM/4#3*1VFEFPDVSSJSRVFBMHVOBTEFFMMBTTFSFMBDJPOFODPO
MBTEJGFSFODJBTEFHSBWFEBE BVORVFOPUPEBTMBTDVFTUJPOFTEF
JOUFSTEFM/4#3*UJFOFORVFWFSDPOFTUFUFNB
Pgina 167
17. a) &OMBTGPUPTTFQVFEFOJEFOUJGJDBSEJTUJOUPTUJQPTEFGVFS[BT
A:*OUFSBDDJOFOUSFMBTWFMBTEFMPTWFMFSPTZMBNBTBEFBJSF
FONPWJNJFOUP
B:*OUFSBDDJOFOUSFMBSBRVFUBZMBQFMPUJUBEFUFOJT
C:*OUFSBDDJOFMFDUSPTUUJDBFOUSFMPTDBCFMMPTEFMBOFOB
D:*OUFSBDDJOFOUSFMBTNBOPTZMBTBSHPMMBT
b) -PTFGFDUPTEFFTUBTGVFS[BTTPO
A:$BNCJPEFWFMPDJEBEEFMPTWFMFSPT
B:$BNCJPEFEJSFDDJOEFMBQFMPUJUB
C:3FQVMTJOEFMPTDBCFMMPT
D:*NQFEJSRVFFMBUMFUBTFDBJHB
18. -BDPODMVTJOEFMDPNQBFSPOPFTDPSSFDUB"NFEJEBRVFMBBMUVSBBVNFOUB FTEFDJS MBEJTUBODJBBMDFOUSPEFMB5JFSSB
MBJOUFOTJEBE EFM DBNQP HSBWJUBUPSJP EJTNJOVZF Z FO DPOTFDVFODJB MB
JOUFOTJEBEEFMBTGVFS[BTPSJHJOBEBTQPSJOUFSBDDJPOFTHSBWJUBUPSJBTUBNCJOWBOEJTNJOVZFOEPDPOMBBMUVSB&MQFTPEFMBNPDIJMB FOTJUVBDJPOFTDPNPMBTEFTDSJQUBT EJTNJOVZFDPOMBBMUVSB
BVORVFFTNVZQSPCBCMFRVFFTBEJTNJOVDJOTFBQSDUJDBNFOUF
JNQFSDFQUJCMF-BBGJSNBDJOEFMDPNQBFSPFTUBTPDJBEBBMDBOTBODJPGTJDPZOPBVODBNCJPQFSDFQUJCMFEFMQFTPRVF FODBTP
EFRVFTFQVEJFSBiTFOUJSwTFSBVOBEJTNJOVDJOZOPVOBVNFOUPEFQFTP
19. a) &MFTRVFNBWFDUPSJBM TJODPOTJEFSBSVOBFTDBMB
TFSBTJNJMBS
BMRVFTJHVF
13. %FBDVFSEPDPOMBJOGPSNBDJOEFMUFYUP FMDBNQPEFGVFS[BFT

FOSFBMJEBE VODBNQPFMFDUSPNBHOUJDP&TUPJNQMJDBRVFFOM
TFQSPEVDJSOJOUFSBDDJPOFTFMDUSJDBTZNBHOUJDBT&TFTQFSBCMFRVFMBTJOUFSBDDJPOFTTFBOSFQVMTJWBT
14. &TUF TJTUFNB EF CMJOEBKFQSFTFOUBWBSJBTWFOUBKBTSFTQFDUPEFM
iUSBEJDJPOBMw&OUSFFMMBTFTUOFMiQPEFSwEFEFTWJBDJOZSFTJTUFODJB EFM CMJOEBKF FMFDUSPNBHOUJDP MB EJTNJOVDJO EFM QFTP
EF MPT WFIDVMPT BVNFOUP EF NBOJPCSBCJMJEBE Z WFMPDJEBEFT
BMDBO[BEBT

15. 3FTQVFTUBBCJFSUB4FFTQFSBFOFTUBBDUJWJEBERVFMPTBMVNOPT
QSPQPOHBO QPTJCMFT BQMJDBDJPOFT EF FTUF DBNQP EF GVFS[B &T
FTQFSBCMF RVF MPT FKFNQMPT QSPQVFTUPT BQVOUFO B NFKPSBS MBT
DBSBDUFSTUJDBT EF BMHO EJTQPTJUJWP 6O FKFNQMP QPESB TFS FM
CMJOEBKFFMFDUSPNBHOUJDPQBSBBVUPNPUPSFTDPOFMQSPQTJUPEF
QSPUFHFSMPTEFJNQBDUPT QPSFKFNQMP FOUPSNFOUBTEFHSBOJ[P
Pgina 168
16. a) 7FSEBEFSP -B GVFS[B RVF NBOUJFOF FO NPWJNJFOUP B MPT
QMBOFUBTZMBRVFIBDFRVFMPTPCKFUPTDBJHBOTFEFCFBMB
JOUFSBDDJOHSBWJUBUPSJB
b) 'BMTP-BTJOUFSBDDJPOFTTFQVFEFOEBSQPSDPOUBDUP QPSWODVMPTPBEJTUBODJB
c) 7FSEBEFSP&MWODVMPFOFTUFDBTPFTFMIJMP
d) 'BMTP-BNBTBEFVODVFSQPOPTFNPEJGJDBBMDBNCJBSEF
MBUJUVEPFODFSDBOBTEFPUSPBTUSP&MQFTPWBSBEFCJEPB
MPTDBNCJPTEFJOUFOTJEBEEFMDBNQPNBHOUJDPFOMPTEJGFSFOUFTMVHBSFT
e) 7FSEBEFSP-BHSBWFEBEBVNFOUBDVBOEPMBTNBTBTEFMPT
DVFSQPTRVFJOUFSBDUBOTFJODSFNFOUBO
f) 'BMTP$PNPMB5JFSSBOPFTVOBFTGFSBQFSGFDUB TJOPRVFFT
HFPJEF BDIBUBEBFOMPTQPMPTZFOTBODIBEBFOFM&DVBEPS

MBEJTUBODJBBTVDFOUSPWBSBDPOMBMBUJUVEZ QPSDPOTJHVJFOUF DBNCJBMBJOUFOTJEBEEFMBJOUFSBDDJOHSBWJUBUPSJB
Fdedo
FFMTUJDP
FFMTUJDP
b) -PTQBSFTEFJOUFSBDDJORVFTFQVFEFOJEFOUJGJDBSTPO
t *OUFSBDDJOFOUSFFMEFEPZMBCBOEJUBFMTUJDB
t *OUFSBDDJPOFTEFMBCBOEJUBDPODBEBDMBWP
20. a) 4FFTQFSBRVFFOUSFMPTFGFDUPTTFBMBEPTQPSMPTBMVNOPTTF
FODVFOUSFOFMNBMFTUBSQPSGBMUBEFBJSF MPT[VNCJEPTFOMPT
PEPT FUDUFSB
b) $PNPTFFYQMJDBFOFMUFYUP FMNBMFTUBSQVFEFSFMBDJPOBSTF
DPOFMEGJDJUEFPYHFOPFODBEBJOIBMBDJO&TUBEFGJDJFODJBEFPYHFOPTFPSJHJOBQPSMBEJTNJOVDJOEFMBQSFTJO
BUNPTGSJDB
21. &TUPTFEFCFBRVF BNFEJEBRVFBVNFOUBMBQSPGVOEJEBE UBNCJO TF JODSFNFOUB MB QSFTJO -B EJGFSFODJB FOUSF MB QSFTJO
FYUFSJPSZMBQSFTJOBSUFSJBMFTMBRVFPSJHJOBFTUBTNPMFTUJBT
Pgina 169
22. a) -PTEJOBNNFUSPTNJEFOBQSPYJNBEBNFOUF /&TUBFT
VOBFTUJNBDJORVFTFQVFEFIBDFSBQBSUJSEFMBMFDUVSBEF
MBFTDBMBEFMEJOBNNFUSP
b) -BTTJUVBDJPOFTTFSFTVFMWFOVUJMJ[BOEPMPTNUPEPTEFTVNB
WFDUPSJBMEFGVFS[BT-BFTDBMBVUJMJ[BEBFTEF/QPSDBEB
DFOUNFUSP /DN
&MQFTPTFSMBGVFS[BRVFGPSNBVOQBS
EFJOUFSBDDJPOFTDPOMBSFTVMUBOUFEFMTJTUFNB
23
Caso C: MBTVNBWFDUPSJBMFTMBTVNBEFMBTJOUFOTJEBEFT
Caso A:
/
/
/
|R|= 7,5 N + 7,5 N
|R|= 15 N
/
/
23. a) &M QSPQTJUP EF FTUB BDUJWJEBE FT RVF MPT BMVNOPT QVFEBO
DPOPDFSMBTDBSBDUFSTUJDBTEFMBNBHOFUPTGFSBZMBNBOFSBFO
RVFTFQVFEFJEFOUJGJDBSFMDBNQPNBHOUJDPEFMB5JFSSB
b) -B5JFSSBTFWFQSPUFHJEBQPSMBNBHOFUPTGFSBRVFGVODJPOB
DPNP VO iDBNQP EF GVFS[Bw QBSB MBT QBSUDVMBT DBSHBEBT Z
BMUBNFOUFFOFSHUJDBTFNJUJEBTQPSFM4PMBMFTQBDJP QPSMPT
QSPDFTPTFOFSHUJDPTEFGVTJOOVDMFBSRVFUJFOFOMVHBSFOTV
JOUFSJPS GFONFOPDPOPDJEPDPNPWJFOUPTPMBS
&TUPTFSFMBDJPOBDPOFMUFYUPBDFSDBEFMPTCMJOEBKFTEFUBORVFTZPUSPT
WFIDVMPTEFHVFSSBQPSNFEJPEFDBNQPTFMFDUSPNBHOUJDPT
c) &M QSPQTJUP EF FTUB BDUJWJEBE FT RVF MPT BMVNOPT QVFEBO
WJTMVNCSBS MB SFMBDJO EF FTUF GFONFOP DPO MB NBZPS JOUFOTJEBE EFM DBNQP NBHOUJDP QSPEVDJEB FO MBT SFHJPOFT
DFSDBOBTBMPTQPMPTHFPHSGJDPTUFSSFTUSFT FOSFBMJEBE FO
MPTQPMPTNBHOUJDPT
ZMBJOUFSBDDJOEFMBTQBSUDVMBTDBSHBEBTRVFGPSNBOQBSUFEFMWJFOUPTPMBSDPOMBBUNTGFSB
|R|= long R Esc

|R|= 10,6 cm 1
N
cm
|R|= 10,6 N
Caso B:
/
|R|= long R Esc

N
|R|= 7 cm 1
cm
24. &OVOBTJUVBDJODPNPMBRVFTFEFTDSJCF TVQPOJFOEPRVFBNCBTCBJMBSJOBTBQPZFOUPEPTVQFTPTPCSFFMUBDPEFM[BQBUP Z

QPS DPOTJHVJFOUF TPCSF FM QJF EFM DIJDP FO DVFTUJO MB GVFS[B
BQMJDBEBTFSMBNJTNB1FSPMBQSFTJOTPCSFFMQJFTFSEJGFSFOUFDPODBEB[BQBUPFMRVFUJFOFUBDPBHVKBQPTFFVOBNFOPS
TVQFSGJDJFEFDPOUBDUPRVFFMRVFUJFOFVOUBDPNTCJFOCBKP
&TUPIBDFRVF FOFMQSJNFSDBTP MBQSFTJOTFBNBZPSRVFFO
FM TFHVOEP &M FGFDUP TF FYQFSJNFOUBS DPNP VO QJTPUO NT
EPMPSPTPFOFMDBTPEFMUBDPBHVKB
|R|= 7 N
/
24

Fisica y Quimica - Santillana-Autores: Depatri y Otros

Cargado por

Información del documento

Título original

Derechos de autor

Formatos disponibles

Compartir este documento

Compartir o incrustar documentos

Opciones para compartir

¿Le pareció útil este documento?

¿Este contenido es inapropiado?

Copyright:

Formatos disponibles

Fisica y Quimica - Santillana-Autores: Depatri y Otros

Cargado por

Copyright:

Formatos disponibles

Saber clave

Recursos para el docente

Fsica y qumica 2. Materia: modelo corpuscular, cambios y carcter elctrico. Magnetismo.

Recursos para la planificacin

Santillana S.A. Prohibida su fotocopia. Ley 11.723

Santillana S.A. Prohibida su fotocopia. Ley 11.723

Santillana S.A. Prohibida su fotocopia. Ley 11.723

Santillana S.A. Prohibida su fotocopia. Ley 11.723

Santillana S.A. Prohibida su fotocopia. Ley 11.723

1 Los estados de la materia

Santillana S.A. Prohibida su fotocopia. Ley 11.723

9. -PT NBUFSJBMFT RVF TF FODVFOUSBO FO FTUBEP TMJEP QSFTFOUBO

17. "MBVNFOUBSMBUFNQFSBUVSBBMEPCMF FMWPMVNFOUBNCJOTFS

19. 4FHOMBMFZEF(BZ-VTTBD MBQSFTJOBVNFOUBFOGPSNBQSPQPSDJPOBMBMBUFNQFSBUVSB"MDJSDVMBSDPOFMBVUP MBUFNQFSBUVSB

Santillana S.A. Prohibida su fotocopia. Ley 11.723

EFTUJOFOGPOEPTBMBTBDUJWJEBEFTWJPMFOUBT MBTHVFSSBTJOUFSUSJCBMFT FUD-PTEFUSBDUPSFTIBCMBOEFRVFFOSFBMJEBEFTUBTBDUJWJEBEFTOPQFSNJUFORVFMPTIBCJUBOUFTEFFTBT[POBT ZBEFQPST

Santillana S.A. Prohibida su fotocopia. Ley 11.723

38. a) 4FFYQBOEF FTEFDJS BVNFOUBTVWPMVNFO

12. a) 5JFOFO RVF IBCFS DPNQSPCBEP RVF BNCBT UDOJDBT TPO

Santillana S.A. Prohibida su fotocopia. Ley 11.723

Santillana S.A. Prohibida su fotocopia. Ley 11.723

3 Los cambios fsicos y qumicos

FTUQSFTFOUFFMOJUSHFOP"EFNT QPTFFDBSCPOP IJESHFOPZ

11. &MDJODTFUSBOTGPSNBFOYJEPEFDJOD ;O0

$M2 02 $M2 0

22. a) 'F )20 'F0 )2

Santillana S.A. Prohibida su fotocopia. Ley 11.723

6. a)%FTDPNQPTJDJOPBOMJTJTb)$PNCJOBDJOPTOUFTJTc) DesDPNQPTJDJO P BOMJTJT d) 4VTUJUVDJO TJNQMF e) DescomposiDJOPBOMJTJTf)4VTUJUVDJOEPCMF

6. 4PEJP NBHOFTJP GTGPSPZDMPSP

7. &TFMNJTNPPSEFOTPEJP NBHOFTJP GTGPSPZDMPSP

21. a) *OGPSNBBDFSDBEFMTNCPMPEFMFMFNFOUP FMONFSPBUNJDP

23. &MFMFNFOUPFTFMDBMDJP TVONFSPBUNJDP ;

Propiedades de los metales: QPTFFOCSJMMPNFUMJDP TPOEDUJMFT

Santillana S.A. Prohibida su fotocopia. Ley 11.723

17. -PTUSNJOPTRVFEFCFOFODPOUSBSTPOFMFNFOUP QSPUO NTJDP JTUPQPTZ5IPNTPO

22. Nitrgeno: 8NQPTFFOFVUSPOFT'TGPSP 15PQPTFFOFVUSPOFT

Oro: TFFODVFOUSBEJTUSJCVJEPQPSUPEPFMNVOEP QFSPFTNVZFTDBTP&TVONFUBMCMBOEPZEFDPMPSBNBSJMMPJOUFOTPFOFMDPNFSDJPFTFMNTDPNOEFMPTNFUBMFTQSFDJPTPT&MDPCSF MBQMBUB

5 Los materiales y la electricidad

Santillana S.A. Prohibida su fotocopia. Ley 11.723

3. a) 0SJHJOBMNFOUF MBT DBSHBT QPTJUJWBT Z OFHBUJWBT EF MB SFHMB

Fuerza F entre cargas

10. $PNPIBZDBSHBTFOMBQBOUBMMBEFMUFMFWJTPS FTUBTWBOBWJBKBS

Santillana S.A. Prohibida su fotocopia. Ley 11.723

Santillana S.A. Prohibida su fotocopia. Ley 11.723

a) AZCTPOFOQBSBMFMP ZFMB es en serie. El DFTVODJSDVJUPEF

DVBOEPTFBDDJPOBFMJOUFSSVQUPS&OFMFTRVFNBD, solo las

Potencia de la mquina (W)

b) El esquema A puede considerarse un paralelo de dos circuiUPTFOTFSJFDPOVOTPMPJOUFSSVQUPS

Santillana S.A. Prohibida su fotocopia. Ley 11.723

7 Los imanes naturales y artificiales

1. a) 1FESP FM 1FSFHSJOP FSB DPOTJEFSBEP VO HSBO JOWFTUJHBEPS

Santillana S.A. Prohibida su fotocopia. Ley 11.723

2. 4FHVSBNFOUF MPT BMVNOPT DPOTJEFSBSO RVF ZB OP TF BDFQUBO

3. -BT PQJOJPOFT TPCSF MB NBHOFUPUFSBQJB DPNP TF TPTQFDIBS

10. &O FMGTJDPJOHMT1BVM%JSBDTPTUVWPRVF FODPOEJDJPOFT

12. "VORVFMBBDUJWJEBEFTBCJFSUB FTQPTJCMFJNBHJOBSBMHOEJTFPIFDIPQPSMPTBMVNOPTFOFMRVFMBGVFS[BQBSBFMNPWJNJFOUPTFPCUJFOFFOGSFOUBOEPQPEFSPTPTJNBOFT EFNPEPRVFTVT

23. 4 FMEBUPSFTQPOEFBTVEVEB BVORVFEFVONPEPJOEJSFDUP4JMB

8 El magnetismo y sus aplicaciones

17. a) 4 TFSBVOBGVFS[BEFBUSBDDJO QPSRVFFOMBQSJNFSBTJUVBDJOTFUSBUBSBEFQPMPTEJGFSFOUFT ZUBNCJOMPTFSBOFOMB

20. -PTEPTJNBOFTRVFEBSPOFOGSFOUBEPTQPSTVTQPMPTPQVFTUPT RVF

Santillana S.A. Prohibida su fotocopia. Ley 11.723

14. &TQPTJCMFRVFFMFODBSHBEPDPOTJHBSFDVQFSBSFMUPSOJMMPEFBDFSP QFSPQPSFTUFNUPEPOPMPHSBSBUSBFSBMDPCSF QPSRVFOP

FYUSFNPTEFMBQJMB"RVUBNCJO TJRVFEBSBOEVEBT DPOWJFOFSFDVSSJSBMDBQUVMP

19. 4FHOMBMFZEF(BZ-VTTBD MBQSFTJOBVNFOUBFOGPSNBQSPQPSDJPOBMBMBUFNQFSBUVSB"MDJSDVMBSDPOFMBVUP MBUFNQFSBUVSB

EFTUJOFOGPOEPTBMBTBDUJWJEBEFTWJPMFOUBT MBTHVFSSBTJOUFSUSJCBMFT FUD-PTEFUSBDUPSFTIBCMBOEFRVFFOSFBMJEBEFTUBTBDUJWJEBEFTOPQFSNJUFORVFMPTIBCJUBOUFTEFFTBT[POBT ZBEFQPST

38. a) 4FFYQBOEF FTEFDJS BVNFOUBTVWPMVNFO

FTUQSFTFOUFFMOJUSHFOP"EFNT QPTFFDBSCPOP IJESHFOPZ

$M2 02 $M2 0

22. a) 'F)20 'F0)2

6. a)%FTDPNQPTJDJOPBOMJTJTb)$PNCJOBDJOPTOUFTJTc) DesDPNQPTJDJO P BOMJTJT d) 4VTUJUVDJO TJNQMF e) DescomposiDJOPBOMJTJTf)4VTUJUVDJOEPCMF

6. 4PEJP NBHOFTJP GTGPSPZDMPSP

7. &TFMNJTNPPSEFOTPEJP NBHOFTJP GTGPSPZDMPSP

17. -PTUSNJOPTRVFEFCFOFODPOUSBSTPOFMFNFOUP QSPUO NTJDP JTUPQPTZ5IPNTPO

22. Nitrgeno: 8NQPTFFOFVUSPOFT'TGPSP 15PQPTFFOFVUSPOFT

Oro: TFFODVFOUSBEJTUSJCVJEPQPSUPEPFMNVOEP QFSPFTNVZFTDBTP&TVONFUBMCMBOEPZEFDPMPSBNBSJMMPJOUFOTPFOFMDPNFSDJPFTFMNTDPNOEFMPTNFUBMFTQSFDJPTPT&MDPCSF MBQMBUB

DVBOEPTFBDDJPOBFMJOUFSSVQUPS&OFMFTRVFNBD, solo las

b) El esquema A puede considerarse un paralelo de dos circuiUPTFOTFSJFDPOVOTPMPJOUFSSVQUPS

10. &O FMGTJDPJOHMT1BVM%JSBDTPTUVWPRVF FODPOEJDJPOFT

23. 4 FMEBUPSFTQPOEFBTVEVEB BVORVFEFVONPEPJOEJSFDUP4JMB

FYUSFNPTEFMBQJMB"RVUBNCJO TJRVFEBSBOEVEBT DPOWJFOFSFDVSSJSBMDBQUVMP