CANCER DE

LARINGE
ESTUDIANTES:
BREISON SOTOMAYOR
MELISSA BAENA
KELLY BARROSO
BARBARA CRUZ
KELLY TORRES
 CANCER DE LARINGE
Es una enfermedad maligna en el órgano del tracto
respiratorio conocido como laringe, la laringe se
localiza en la parte central y anterior del cuello

La laringe es una parte de la garganta ubicada entre la

parte de atrás de la lengua (base) y
la tráquea.

La laringe consta de tres partes principales:

● Supraglotis: parte superior de la laringe ubicada por
encima de las cuerdas vocales
que contiene la epiglotis.
● Glotis: parte media de la laringe donde se encuentran
las cuerdas vocales.
● Subglotis: parte inferior de la laringe ubicada entre
las cuerdas vocales y la tráquea.
 ¡IMPORTANTE!

La mayor parte de los cánceres de laringe se

forman en las células escamosas, que son células
delgadas y planas que revisten el interior de la
laringe. Esto significa que el cáncer comienza en
las células escamosas de la mucosa de la laringe.
También hay otros tipos menos comunes de
cáncer de laringe, incluyendo linfomas, sarcomas,
adenocarcinomas y carcinomas neuroendocrinos
 CAUSAS
CONSUMO
FUMADORES O EXCESIVO DEL
01 CONSUMIDORES 02 ALCOHOL
DEL TABACO
97% de las personas
diagnosticadas con cancer de
laringe
 SINTOMAS
Según sea la localización concreta del tumor dentro de la laringe: la glotis,
la supraglotis y la subglotis.

GLOTIS Disfonía

SUPRAGLOTIS Crecimiento tumoral, la

afectación de estructuras
adyacentes, odinofagia y
disfonía por extensión
SUBGLOTIS Disfonía por afectación
 DIAGNOSTICO

● Examen físico de la garganta y el cuello

● Biopsia
● Laringoscopia
● Endoscopia
● Tomografía computarizada (TC)
● Imágenes por resonancia magnética
● Tomografía por emisión de positrones
● Tomografía por emisión de positrones con
tomografía computarizada
● Gammagrafía ósea
 ESTADIOS QUE SE USAN PARA EL
CÁNCER DE LARINGE

ESTADIO 0, se encuentran células anormales en el revestimiento de la laringe. Es

posible que estas células anormales se vuelvan cancerosas y se diseminen al
tejido normal cercano. El estadio 0 también se llama carcinoma in situ.

ESTADIO I, el cáncer se formó en el área de la supraglotis, glotis o subglotis de la

laringe:
 Supraglotis: el cáncer solo está en un área de la supraglotis y las cuerdas
vocales funcionan de forma normal.
 Glotis: el cáncer está en una o ambas cuerdas vocales y estas funcionan de
forma normal.
 Subglotis: el cáncer solo está en la subglotis.
 ESTADIO II, el cáncer se formó en el área de la supraglotis, glotis o
subglotis de la laringe.
 Supraglotis: el cáncer está en más de un área de la supraglotis
o se diseminó al área de la base de la lengua o los tejidos
cercanos a las cuerdas vocales. Las cuerdas vocales funcionan
de forma normal.
 Glotis: el cáncer se diseminó a la supraglotis, la subglotis o a
ambas, y las cuerdas vocales no funcionan de forma normal.
 Subglotis: el cáncer está en una o ambas cuerdas vocales y es
posible que estas no funcionen de forma normal.

ESTADIO III, el cáncer se formó en el área de la supraglotis, glotis o subglotis

de la laringe.

ESTADIO IV , el cáncer se ha diseminado más allá de la laringe, en los ganglios

linfáticos y tejido circundante. Puede haberse extendido a otras partes del
cuerpo. Se usa el término cáncer avanzado en esta etapa.
 GRADACIÓN
El grado de un cáncer ofrece información sobre la rapidez con la que puede
desarrollarse.
Grado 1 (bajo grado)
Grado 2 (grado moderado)
Grado 3 (alto grado)
las células cancerígenas tienden a
crecer lentamente
las células tienen un aspecto más
diferenciado y crecen a un ritmo
ligeramente más rápido.
las células del cáncer tienden a
crecer rápidamente, con aspecto
muy anormal y son más propensas
a propagarse.
 TRATAMIENTO
Si el cáncer está en la supraglotis, el tratamiento incluye los siguientes
procedimientos:
● Radioterapia.
● Laringectomía supraglótica.

Si el cáncer está en la glotis, el tratamiento incluye los siguientes

procedimientos:
● Radioterapia.
● Cirugía láser.
● Cordectomía.
● Laringectomía parcial, hemilaringectomía o laringectomía total.

Si el cáncer está en la subglotis, el tratamiento incluye los siguientes

procedimientos:
● Radioterapia con cirugía o sin esta.
● Cirugía sola.
TRATAMIENTO CONTRA EL CÁNCER EN UNA ETAPA TEMPRANA
En un tumor en un estadio inicial, se puede utilizar cirugía o radioterapia.
Cuando afecta a las cuerdas vocales, puede ser preferible la radioterapia a la
cirugía, ya que permite conservar la voz normal de la persona.

TRATAMIENTO CONTRA EL CÁNCER EN ESTADIO MODERADO

Para los tumores laríngeos de mayor tamaño que puedan haberse
diseminado ligeramente a los tejidos cercanos, los médicos pueden emplear
radioterapia combinada con quimioterapia (denominada quimio radiación)
en lugar de cirugía, lo que puede ser igual de eficaz y causar menores
alteraciones en la voz de la persona. Sin embargo, todavía puede ser
necesaria la cirugía para extirpar un tumor residual después de aplicar el
tratamiento con quimiorradiación.

TRATAMIENTO DEL CÁNCER EN ESTADIO AVANZADO

Si el cáncer laríngeo se ha diseminado al hueso o al cartílago, por regla
general los médicos prefieren emplear la cirugía para extirpar parcialmente
o en su totalidad la laringe y las cuerdas vocales, lo que se denomina
laringuectomía parcial o total, seguida de radioterapia y, algunas veces,
quimioterapia.
 BIBLIOGRAFIAS

DR. JUAN MANUEL ALCALDE NAVARRETE ESPECIALISTA.

DEPARTAMENTO DE OTORRINOLARINGOLOGÍA
https://www.cun.es/enfermedades-tratamientos/enfermedades/cancer-laringe

Cáncer de laringe Por Bradley A. Schiff , MD, Montefiore Medical Center, The
University Hospital of Albert Einstein College of Medicine Última revisión
completa ene. 2021
https://www.msdmanuals.com/es-co/hogar/trastornos-otorrinolaringol%C3%B3gi
cos/c%C3%A1ncer-de-boca,-nariz-y-faringe/c%C3%A1ncer-de-laringe
¡GRACIAS!
 CONCEPTS

TOPIC 1 TOPIC 2
Despite being red, Mars is actually
Venus has a beautiful name and is
a cold place. It’s full of iron oxide
the second planet from the Sun
dust
 PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE

JUPITER VENUS MARS

It’s the biggest planet in Venus is the second planet Despite being red, Mars is
the Solar System from the Sun a cold place
A PICTURE ALWAYS
REINFORCES THE
CONCEPT
Images reveal large amounts of data, so
remember: use an image instead of a long
text. Your audience will appreciate it
 DIVISION OF CLASSES

VENUS
Venus is the second planet
from the Sun

MARS
Despite being red, Mars is a
cold place

Follow the link in the graph to modify its data and then paste the new one here. For more info, click here.
 ORGANIZE YOUR WEEK

MON TRUE WED THU FRI

8:00 - 9:00 Lesson 1 Activities Exam Lesson 2 Activities

9:00 - 10:00 Review Lesson 2 Review Activities Exam

10:00 - 11:00 Activities Exam Lesson 1 Review Lesson 3

11:00 - 12:00 Review Lesson 3 Review Activities Exam

12:00 - 13:00 Activities Exam Lesson 1 Review Lesson 3

13:00 - 14:00 Lesson 1 Activities Exam Lesson 3 Activities

 ESSENTIAL THINGS

LIST 1 LIST 2
● Write the most important things about ● Write the most important things about
the lesson the lesson
● Write the most important things about ● Write the most important things about
the lesson the lesson
● Write the most important things about ● Write the most important things about
the lesson the lesson
● Write the most important things about ● Write the most important things about
the lesson the lesson
 THEORY
02 LESSON
You can enter a subtitle here if
you need it
 ELEMENTS OF ART

LINE TEXTURE
Venus is the second planet Jupiter is the biggest planet of
from the Sun them all

COLOR SHAPE
Despite being red, Mars is a Saturn is a gas giant and has
cold place several rings
 PRINCIPLES OF ART

Venus is the second

PATTERN planet from the Sun

Despite being red, Mars

ART BALANCE is a cold place

Saturn is a gas giant and

CONTRAST has rings
 VISUAL ARTS PROCESS

STEP STEP STEP

01 02 03
INSPIRATION DEVELOPMENT CREATION
Mercury is the closest planet Jupiter is the biggest planet of Despite being red, Mars is a
to the Sun them all cold place
 COLORS AND THEIR MEANINGS

RED ORANGE PURPLE

Passion, courage, Energy, endurance, Royalty, nobility,
prosperity, strength curiosity, joy inspiration, spirit

BLUE GREEN YELLOW

Peace, harmony, trust, Nature, healing, Happiness, hope,
hospitality growth, life clarity, family
 BASIC WATERCOLOR TECHNIQUES

GENERAL TIPS DRY BRUSH WASH CRAYON RESIST

● Start with a dry brush ● Load your brush with

● Use liquid watercolor ● Draw with any color
and then moisten it lots of wet paint to
to get the best results of crayon on dry paper
start
● Run your brush over
● Always use a paper to ● Paint wet watercolor
your paper to create ● Brush over the paper
keep your place clean to reveal drawing
lines with sweeping strokes
A PICTURE IS
WORTH A
THOUSAND
WORDS
AWESOME
WORDS
 PLANNED TRIPS

VENUS MARS
Venus has a Mars is a very cold
beautiful name place

MERCURY SATURN
Mercury is the Saturn has several
smallest planet rings
 THIS IS A GRAPH

VENUS
25% Venus is the second planet
from the Sun

MARS
25% Despite being red, Mars is a
cold place

JUPITER
50% It’s the biggest planet in the Follow the link in the graph to modify its data and then paste the new
Solar System one here. For more info, click here.
95,000
Big numbers catch your audience’s attention
 03
ASSIGNMENT
You can enter a subtitle here if
you need it
 WARM AND COOL COLORS
Draw and color elements that represent warm or cold
tones in the indicated box

WARM COOL
COLORS COLORS
Make us think of Make us think of
sunlight and cool and peaceful
warmth. They make things. They make
us feel warm inside us feel chilly inside
COLLAGE ART

LET’S MAKE A CREATIVE

COLLAGE!
1. Choose your base
2. Select materials
3. Cut or tear shapes
4. Arrange shapes on the base
5. Rearrange shapes until you are happy
6. Attach shapes
7. Add details (yarn, paint, markers, etc.)
9h 55m 23s
Jupiter’s rotation period

333,000.000
The Sun’s mass compared to Earth’s

386,000 km
Distance between Earth and the Moon
04
OUR TEAM
You can enter a subtitle here if
you need it
 OUR TEAM

SUSAN BONES TIMMY JIMMY

You can talk a bit about You can talk a bit about
this person this person
 DESKTOP
SOFTWARE
You can replace the image on the
screen with your own work. Just
right-click on it and select “Replace
image”
 TABLET APP
You can replace the image on the
screen with your own work. Just
right-click on it and select “Replace
image”
 MOBILE WEB
You can replace the image on the
screen with your own work. Just
right-click on it and select “Replace
image”
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