Documentos de Académico
Documentos de Profesional
Documentos de Cultura
fsiqolingvistika _ 5
$ 3. konotacia da ganwyoba-damokidebuleba
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zurab vaxania. fsiqolingvistika _ 5
mraval sityvas, garda ZiriTadi, xatovani da damatebiTi (periferiuli) mniSvnelobebisa, agreTve aqvs konotacia. Cven
(nika vaxaniasTan erTad) [28] davazusteT am cnebis mniSvneloba da aRmoCnda, rom igi mWidrod ukavSirdeba gan-
wyobis cnebas.
konotacia _ sityvis an Sesityvebis mniSvnelobis Tanmxlebi, masTan mikavSirebuli (fsiqologiurad asocirebuli) eq -
s pre si uli danamati, romelsac advilad grZnoben am enaze molaparakeni da romelic gamoxatavs mTqmelis ganwyobas
(subieqtur damokidebulebas anu atituds, grZnobas, Sefasebas). da rogorc fsiqologiuri damokidebulebaa dadebiT-uaryo-
fiTi, ise valenturia konotaciac. igi sityvas subieqtur-eqspresiul Seferilobas aniWebs, oRond ara artikulaciur-deklamaciu-
li, mimikur-Jestikulaciuri Tu sxva paralingvisturi saSualebebiT, aramed swored rom lingvisturi saSualebiT. konotacia
srulebiT ar iCrdileba werilobiT teqstSi da kargad SeiZleba aRiweros sityvisa Tu Sesityvebis mSral saleqsikono ganmar-
tebaSic ki. magaliTad: qali (neitraluri), mandilosani (dadebiTi konotaciiT), diaci (uaryofiTi konotaciiT).
ganvixiloT, mag., sityva `fexi~. I. ZiriTadi pirdapiri mniSvneloba: adamianis qveda kiduri, cxovelis kiduri. II.
damatebiTi (periferiuli), Tumca isev pirdapiri mniSvneloba: magidis, skamis, an sxva avejis, an danadgaris viwro
grZeli sayrdeni.
III. gadataniTi mniSvneloba, romelicaa SesityvebebSi `fexi auwyo~, `fexi daudo~ (anu mzakvrulad moeqca), `kum fexi
gamoyo~, `fexi aidga~ da sxva. IV. konotacia. dadebiTi konotacia Cans SesityvebaSi `fexze wamoayena (daxmarebam
gaWirvebuli mezobeli)~; uaryofiTi _ `fexebze mkidia~.
konotaciebis mqone sityvaTa simravle damokidebulia araimdenad enis simdidreze, ramdenadac am enaze metyvel
pirTa fantaziaze da enobriv eqspresiulobaze, Tu ramdenad mravalferovnad SeuZliaT maT gamoxaton TavianTi gan-
wyoba, Sefaseba Tu grZnoba.
konotacia Zalian gavrcelebuli da mravalferovania qarTul enaSi. igi sityvebis yvela ZiriTad semantikur jgufs exeba
da, ufro metic, gansxvavebiT rusuli Tu inglisuri enebisgan, arasrulmniSvnelobian sityvebzec, nawilakebzec ki SeiZleba
Zlierad, gamokveTilad gavrceldes. konotaciebis siWarbiT, siZlieriTa da mravalferovnebiT qarTveluri enebi mniSvne-
lovnad aRemateba sxva enebs. magaliTad, qarTulSi gvaqvs neitraluri movida da amave dros: mobrZanda, moSavda,
moeTra, mobakunda, mocunculda, mocancarda, mogogmanda, moClaxunda, mokinkilda, molaslasda, moCerCetda...
TviTeul am sityvas Tavisi konotacia axlavs. qarTulSi sityvebis mravali aseTi konaa. maTi didi nawili bgerweruli eqs-
presiuli sityvaTqmnadobis saocar nimuSebs gviCvenebs, magaliTad: miwanwalebs (wanwala), mitantalebs (tantala),
mijanjalebs (janjala), miCanCalebs (CanCala), micancarebs (cancara), micuxcuxebs (cuxcuxa), micunculebs (cuncula),
mituntulebs (tuntula), misunsulebs, miZunZulebs, mikunkulebs... megrulSi ki zogierTi aseTi kona aTasobiT sityvas Se-
icavs [5]. sxva enebSi ki Wirs Tundac odnav msgavsi mravalferovnebis moZieba.
erTsadaimave sityvas, SesaZloa, sul sxvadasxva, zogjer sapirispiro valentobis konotaciac ki hqondes sxvadasxva
enebSi, rac enis eTnokulturul Taviseburebas avlens. magaliTad, arabul poeziaSi Cveulebrivia lamazi qalis, satrfos Sedare-
ba aqlemTan an cxenTan, radgan arabulSi am sityvebs mkveTrad dadebiTi konotacia aqvs. magram qarTul an evropul
enaze Targmnisas Tuki aqlemi SvliT an qurcikiT ar Seicvala, uazrobas miviRebT.
sxvadasxva enebSi arsebuli sxvadasxva konotaciebi SeiZleba arsebiT gavlenas axdendes am enebze molaparakeTa
Sesabamis ganwyobaze. rogorc daamtkica Cvenma specialurma eqsperimentma [28:$4], erTsadaimave sagnis (magali-
Tad, muxis) mimarT qarTulenovan adamianebs rusulenovanTagan arsebiTad gansxvavebuli damokidebuleba aqvT.
sityvas muxa qarTulSi mkveTrad dadebiTi konotacia aqvs da ukavSirdeba dRegrZelobas, simkvidres, ZirZvelobas,
xvavrielobas, simZlavres, gamocdilebas, siamayes... xolo rusulSi _ ise mkveTrad uaryofiTi da ukavSirdeba siClunges,
gaxevebas... (rac SemCneulic hqonda mweral guram petriaSvils). piriqiT, rusulSi aSkarad dadebiTi konotacia aqvs ar-
yis xes (берёза), qarTulSi ki igi neitraluria. es yovelive gamowveulia ara garemo pirobebis gansxvavebiT, arc mimdi-
nare socialuri viTarebebiT da arc biologiur-genetikuri mizezebiT, aramed enaSi gaucnobiereblad Semonaxuli tradiciiT,
enaSi damkvidrebuli eTnokulturul-eTnofsiqologiuri TaviseburebiT.
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zurab vaxania. fsiqolingvistika _ 5
kovzis nacarSi Cavardna (oRond, es ufro marcxs uaxlovdeba), pirSi Calis gamovleba, xaxamSralad datove-
ba. simZafris gradaciaa:
daukmayofilebloba _ gawbileba _ imedgacrueba _ sasowarkveTileba (usasooba).
aleqsandre frangiSvilis gamokvleviT, mxolod gul- fuZidan warmoebulia ramdenime aTeuli sityva fsiqologiuri mniSvne-
lobiT; xolo mniSvneloba TviT sityvisa guli (gadataniT-ganzogadebuli azriT) Zalian axlosaa imasTan, rasac dimitri uzna-
Zem `ganwyoba~ uwoda [16:42-82]. ese igi ganwyobis Teoriis dvrita imTaviTve Canergili yofila qarTul enaSi.
kidev ufro sainteresoa igive kanonzomiereba gramatikaSi. rac ufro mniSvnelovnad miuCnevia ena-kulturas fsiqolo-
giur-logikuri TvalsazrisiT, miT ufro mdidradaa igi ganawevrebul-ganrCeuli gramatikaSic; anu miT ufro met mor-
fologiur Tu sintaqsur SesaZleblobas aniWebs mas. magaliTad, iaponursa da koreulSi Tavazianobis sakuTrivi gramati-
kuli kategoriac ki arsebobs, anu Tavazianoba am enebSi gramatikul-formobrivadaa markirebuli. es am ena-kulturebSi
Tavazianobis, etiketis udides mniSvnelobas gviCvenebs, rac bunebrivad ukavSirdeba kunfuZianobas. sxva enebSi ki
Tavazianoba araa gramatikul-formobrivad markirebuli, igi mravlobiTi ricxvis formebiT gamoixateba. xolo kavkasiuri
enebis gramatikaSi upirvelesi mniSvneloba eniWeba fsiqologiur-modalur elferebs, magaliTad, nebeloba-uneburobis da-
pirispirebas da nebelobis doneebs [12][qvemore:$10,$13].
aseve piriqiT: rac enas ar miaCnia mniSvnelovnad, arc masTan dakavSirebul mimarTebaTa elferebis gasityveba da
dazusteba miaCnia saWirod, amitom misi formaTcvalebac Raribi da SezRudulia. xolo rac formobrivad srulebiT araa
markirebuli da mxolod grZeli aRweriTi frazebiT gamoiTqmis, is enas yvelaze nakleb mniSvnelovnad miuCnevia. enaSi
romelime gramatikuli formis uqonlobis gamo ena iZulebulia, am formis sanacvlod gamoiyenos ramdenimesityviani fra-
za an mTeli winadadebac ki _ anu aRweriTi fraza. cxadia, sxvadasxva enebSi aRweriTi frazebi gansxvavebulia _ ma-
galiTebi qvemore cxrilis marjvena svetSia mocemuli (romlebsac ena sxvagvarad ver gamoTqvams). pirveli magaliTi g.
ramiSvils ekuTvnis [10].
adgili adamianis
cxvirsa da Subls Soris
переносица
(sadac, iSviaTad,
kexicaa)
dedaSviloba близкие родственные
отношения и чувства
между
я матерью
случайнои
сыном или дочерью
выстрелил (из
gamivarda (Tofi) ружья) - в моих
руках ружьё
"выстрелилось"
я построил для
avuSene
него
dauwere ты написал для
него
mimReobis forma
mravali qarTuli zmna aRweriTi fraziTac ki Znelad Tu iTargmneba ucxo enaze: damaxvedres, dagRale, momicanca-
ra, mimesvleba, Semomelaxeba, gidRegrZela, moisulela, waipoetebs, kacobs, gvelobs, genacvale, Camoadiasaxlises,
aqoreb... anda Tundac arazmna _ arakacoba, dedaSviloba, daZmoba... sxvaTa Soris, amgvari warmoeba qarTul enaSi
nebismieri saxelidanaa SesaZlebeli, rac logikur zogad cnebaTa uadvilesi Seqmnis saSualebas gvaZlevs: kenWoba,
mgloba, SemoqmedebiToba, zogadoba, zogadkerZooba, profesoroba, uneburoba... aseve: siwiTle, siwrfele...
ritorikuli elferebi kidev ufro mravalferovani xdeba, roca winadadebas nawilaki emateba, Tanac konotaciis mqone,
magaliTad, viTom [30:$3]:
4 wlis ciramac ki azris ukeT gamosaTqmelad TviTonve Secvala Tavisi naTqvami gu Sin sax l Si kar gi iyo (sa-
zogadod) da misgan ganarCia gu Sin sax l Si iyo kar gi _ Zlier gamorCevadi, gamokveTilia saxli _ ciram Tqva,
swored saxlSi iyoo kargi (da aq ki _ arao). esaa enobrivi intuiciis moqmedebis saocari magaliTi [32]. igi TvalsaCinod
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zurab vaxania. fsiqolingvistika _ 5
aCvenebs enis da zogadad cnobierebis yovelgvar racionalistur-strategiismier TeoriaTa (maT Soris kognitivizmis) simc-
dares [29].
ucxo enebi moklebulia azrobriv-ritorikuli maxvilebis dasmis amgvar saSualebas. magaliTad, laTinursa da germanul-
Si gamosarCevi sityva winadadebis dasawyisSi Tavsdeba, magram fonetikur-intonaciuri gaZlierebis gareSe es Zalian
susti saSualebaa [13:122]. rusul enaSi pozicias arsebiTi mniSvneloba ara aqvs, xolo inglisurSi am sakiTxis dasmac ki
uazroa, radgan inglisurSi sityvaTrigi fiqsirebulia da morfologiur SekavSirebas enacvleba. am enebSi azrobrivi maxvili
daismis intonacia-pauza-JestikulaciiT (rac Znelad Tu gadadis werilobiT teqstSi), anda saTanado nawilakebis CarTviT.
magram maSin maxvili pirdapir warmoCindeba da ikargeba qveteqsturi miniSneba. anu: logika daculia, magram ritori-
ka anu faruli eqspresiuloba ikargeba.
qarTul enaSi winadadebis dasawyisi araa arsebiTi, xolo zmnis wina pozicia imdenad Zlieria, rom zogjer mxolod
esec ki (fonetikur-intonaciur saSualebaTa gareSec) gamokveTil azrobriv maxvils warmoqmnis. qarTvel cdispirebs eC-
venebaT, rom zmnis sintagma danarCenebze ufro xmamaRla, fonetikuri maxviliTaa warmoTqmuli, maSinac ki, roca si-
namdvileSi es ase araa. qarTulis armcodne cdispirebs ki es iluzia ar mosdiT! [18]. xolo iluziis mizezi saTanado fiqsire-
buli ganwyobaa [17][31:$3]. es ganwyoba bavSvobidanve gaucnobiereblad umuSavdeba qarTvels enis zegavleniT _
qarTuli winadadebis mkveTrad gamorCeuli guli da birTvi _ zmnaa [6][7][8]. amitom masTan gaerTianebuli sityvac ga-
morCeuli xdeba.
Cveni gamokvleviT aRmoCnda, rom gamorCevadobis miRweva qarTul enas isevec SeuZlia, rogorc ucxo enebs _ sa-
Tanado intonaciiT; xolo zmnis wina pozicia aris is uZlieresi damatebiTi saSualeba, romelic werilobiT teqstSic gadadis da
romelsac unda SeuTanxmdes intonaciac da gamaZlierebeli nawilakic, raTa orazrovneba ar warmoiqmnes [30:$4].
sityvaTrigis garda, faqizi azrobrivi maxvilebisa da ritorikuli elferebis gamosaxatavad qarTul enaSi nawilakebis
mdidrad ganawevrebuli sistema gvaqvs [28:$3][33].
mxolod I da III).
kidev ufro metad uWirs qarTuls gangrZobiTi myofadi drois gasityveba. magaliTad:
amis sapirispirod, qarTuli zmna asityvebs aramarto subieqtsa da obieqts, aramed agreTve sxva, `irib subiets~ (= iri-
bobieqturi piri). ucxo enebSi gardamavali zmnis ZiriTadi sqemaa: subieqti Þ obieqti. qarTulSi: subieqti (+ sxva
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zurab vaxania. fsiqolingvistika _ 5
subieqti) Þ obieqti.
я построил дом (для него). avuSene saxli.
iribi piri is piria, romlis gulisTvisac an romlis mimarTac (vuTxari, mivende...) moqmedebs subieqti. ese igi irib pirs
qarTul zmnaSi subieqturi da intersubieqturi miznobrioba, intenciuroba Semoaqvs. ucxo enebSi igi mxolod aRweriTi
frazebiT gamoiTqmis. qarTulma ki imdenad mniSvnelovnad miiCnia, rom sakuTrivi morfologiuri forma miuZRvna.
sxvaTa Soris, aseve miznobriv-intenciuria qarTuli mimReobis Taviseburi forma: dasaweri, asaSenebeli, SesaSine-
beli, dasawynarebeli, saamiso... ® dasawerad, asaSeneblad, SesaSineblad, dasawynareblad, saamisod... ucxo enebSi
saamisod grZeli aRweriTi frazebia: для того, чтобы написать. samagierod, qarTuls uWirs obieqtur, droiT mimar-
TebaTa gamsityvebel mimReobaTa warmoeba, rogoricaa пробуждающийся.
roca zmnis subieqtur-obieqturi pirebis TavsarTebs emateba mTqmelisTvis `saiqiTo~ da `saaqeTo~ zmniswinebi, vi-
RebT 26 zmnas. isini erTmaneTisgan gansxvavdeba mTqmelsa da sxva pirebs Soris mimarTebebiT da mTqmelis subieq-
turi xedvis kuTxiT. evropul enebSi es veraferi ver ganirCeva, 26 qarTul zmnas mxolod 1 an 2-3 Seesatyviseba (awmyos
mxolobiT ricxvSi):
Tuki am formebs irib pirebs SevukavSirebT, miviRebT asze met zmnur formas:
agvavSenebdes, agviSenebdes, avuSenebdi, avaSenebinebdi, gaSenebinebda ...
(ucnauria, rom axalqarTulSi moSlilia friad saWiro, brZanebiTi mwkrivi, ZvelqarTulSi ki brZanebiT kilos sakuTrivi
morfologiuri forma hqonda da es SemorCenilia moxevur kiloSi; xolo axalqarTuli iZulebulia, brZanebiTobis gamosaxa-
tavad sxvadasxva mwkrivebis formebi gamoiyenos _ brZanebiToba mxolod intonaciiTa da konteqstiT ganirCeva, ma-
galiTad: dawere \ dawere!).
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zurab vaxania. fsiqolingvistika _ 5
esaa yvelaze saocari Tviseba: qarTul zmnas aqvs ocamde sxvadasxva morfologiuri forma, romelTagan TviTeuli ne-
belobiT-uneburi qcevis Tavisebur elfers asityvebs.
amis pirveli magaliTia intersubieqturi mimarTebis cxadi markireba _ Sualeduri kontaqtis (kauzativis) forma: es
Zmam damawerina. am winadadebaSi `me~ aris moqmedi piri (me vwer), magram gramatikulad `me~ _ iribi obieqtia,
radgan misi piris niSania ara subieqtiseuli v-, aramed obieqtiseuli m-. SevadaroT: es Zmas me davawerine.
kidev ufro mkafiod: es ninos Zmis siyvarulma gaakeTebina.
maSasadame qarTul enaSi 2000 wlis winaT ukve iyo daunjebuli udidesi fsiqologiur-iuridiuli WeSmariteba: subieqti
_ Tavisuflad moqmedi piria, xolo Tuki mas sxva aiZulebs, sxva xelmZRvanelobs (exmareba), anda sxva aris moqmede-
bis wamomwyebi _ maSin is sxva xdeba subieqti. da qmedebaze pasuxismgebelic upiratesad is sxvaa.
subieqtis gaobieqtebas gramatikaSi ewodeba zmnis inversia. misi tipuri magaliTia unebliobis vnebiTis formebi:
gamivarda, damivarda, damesvara, damekarga, damrCa, SemomeWama, Semomeswavla, Semomelaxa, Se-
momakvda... yvela am inversiul formaSi `me~ aRaraa subieqti, igi iribi obieqtia. esec udidesi fsiqologiur-iuridiuli
WeSmaritebaa: uneburi ganwyobiseuli qmedeba araa Tavisufali, radgan gaucnobierebelia; amitom moqmedi piri araa
subieqti da is pasuxsac ar agebs (an naklebad agebs). andazacaa: arcodna _ arcodvaao (qarTuli enis es Tavisebureba
kargad warmoaCina nodar dumbaZem).
es forma qarTul enaSi imdenad Rrma da Sinagania, rom 3,5 wlis biWunamac ki araTu gamoiyena, aramed TviTon
Seqmna axali forma. nikas gaujavrdnen, aq ratom daafurTxeo; man Tavi imarTla: _ ala, damefulTa! (ese igi: ara, da-
mefurTxa) _ pawawina bavSvi jer bgerebsac ver warmoTqvamda da warmodgenac ar hqonda abstraqtul sityvebze
`ganzraxva~, `uneburi~ Tu `SemTxveviT~; amis miuxedavad TviTon, SemoqmedebiTad, awarmoa neologizmi _ zmnis
axali, enaSi ararsebuli da Zalian kargi forma, riTac gaasityva uneblie moqmedeba! ki ar davafurTxe, aramed _ (unebu-
rad) damefurTxao.
uaRresad sayuradReboa, rom inversia kanonzomierad axasiaTebs agreTve adamianis fsiqofiziologiur mdgomareo-
baTa gamsityvebel zmnebs: meSinia (mcdari kalkia ucxouridan _ vSiSob), mrcxvenia, sindisi mqejnis, mixaria (Sdr.
vxarob), mwyins, menaRvleba, menaneba, guli mwydeba, mtkiva (Sdr. vitkiveb), mesiamovneba (Sdr. visiamovneb),
mciva, mSia, mwyuria, meqaveba, maRebinebs, guli mereva (Sdr. guli avirie), maciebs, makankalebs, maJrJolebs,
mnebavs, msurs (Sdr. visurveb), mwadia, miyvars (Sdr. Seviyvareb), mZuls, mezizReba...
(ratomaa: vwuxvar, vmrisxaneb, vbrazob, vbrazdebi, aRvSfoTdebi, vRelav... ?)
aseve gvaqvs: mimaCnia \ miviCnev, mjera \ vijereb, mwams \ virwmuneb, mgonia \ vgoneb, maxsendeba \ vixseneb,
mefiqreba \ vfiqrob, momesmis \ vusmen, mecnobeba \ vcnob... Tumca ar arsebobs *meazrovneba an *megebineba,
radgan azrovneba da gageba mxolod gacnobierebul-ganzraxuli qmedebaa. da piriqiT: meCveneba, melandeba, mesizm-
reba _ Tumca ar arsebobs *visizmreb. Tumca es neologizmi ra SemTxvevaSi gaxdeboda saWiro? Tuki SemuSavdeba
varjiSebi, romelTa Sedegad navarjiSev adamians SeeZleba sakuTari sizmrebis Sinaarsis marTva.
amrigad, qarTuli enis gramatika gvaswavlis: Tavisufali qceva, romelzec moqmedi piria pasuxismgebeli, esaa: ada-
mianis iseTi qceva, romelic aRZruli da warmarTulia am adamianis meobiT, misi Sinagani ndomebiT (anu misi subieq-
turi dispoziciuri ganwyobebiT) _ da ara gare iZulebiT; da amasTan gacnobierebulia _ anu adamianma icis, ras Svreba
(Tundac ar icodes, ram aRZra es qceva, anu Tundac qcevis sawyisi impulsuri iyos). amitom araa Tavisufali mravali ise-
Ti qceva, romelic garegnulad mas hgavs: galiidan gaSvebuli Citis frena, gonebadabinduli giJis TavaSvebuli qceva (giJi
swored rom araa Tavisufali, da amitom Rrmad ubeduria). cxovelisa Tu adamianis aseTi qcevis marTebuli msazRvrelia
ara `Tavisufali~, aramed laRi (oRond gaucnobierebeli). Citi laRia, SeuzRudavia _ da ara Tavisufali. cxadia, araa Tavi-
sufali arc faruli SantaJiTa da daSinebiT iZulebuli qceva. qarTuli sityva `Tavis-ufali~ kargad gviCvenebs, rom arsebiTia
swored meoba: adamiani TviTon unda iyos sakuTari Tavis ufali anu baton-patroni. Tumca sityva `ndomeba~ imas ar
niSnavs, rom igi erTaderTia _ adamians xSirad aqvs xolme Sinagani gaoreba. maSin ori sapirispiro qcevidan orivec ki
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zurab vaxania. fsiqolingvistika _ 5
SeiZleba iyos Tavisufali. magaliTad, hamletis mier mamis gamo SurisZiebac da SurisZiebisgan TavisSekavebac _
orive Tavisufali qcevaa. magram afofinebis, Zlieri afeqtis mdgomareobaSi Cadenili mkvleloba (`Semoakvda~) _ araa
Tavisufali qceva, an mxolod nawilobrivaa Tavisufali. asevea Svilis motacebis SantaJiT iZulebuli mkvleloba
(`moakvlevines~).
qarTuli ena cxragvar moqmedebas ganasityvebs, nebeloba-uneburobis sxvadasxva xarisxiTa da elferebiT. davala-
goT nebeloba-pasuxismgeblobis klebis TanmimdevrobiT:
1. movamzadebine _ `me~ maqsimalurad aqtiuria, radgan sxvas xelmZRvanelobs an sulac aiZulebs, misi pasuxismgeb-
loba udidesia, radgan qmedebaSi sxvac hyavs CarTuli;
2. movumzade _ moqmedi piris nebelobiT, oRond gamiznulad sxva pirisTvisaa;
3. movimzade _ moqmedi piris nebelobiT, gamiznulad sakuTari TavisTvisaa;
4. movamzade (Cveulebrivi moqmedebiTi gvaris zmna, amgvari formebi enaTa umravlesobas aqvs) _ moqmedi piri aq-
tiuri da Tavisufalia, ganzrax moqmedebs, sakuTari nebelobiT;
5. movemzade _ `me~ ganzrax moqmedebs sakuTar Tavze, sakuTari an gaurkveveli nebelobiT;
6. momamzada \ momamzadebina _ `me~ mxolod nawilobrivaa pasuxismgebeli, mTavari subieqti sxva iyo;
7. movemzadebine / vemzadebinebi _ `me~ sakuTari nebelobiT, sakuTari surviliT gadadis upirovno nivTis doneze (rac
mkveTrad Cans sxva zmnebSi: eTrevinebi, eWmevinebi, eCagvrinebi, ar gamelaxvino...);
8. Semomemzada _ moqmedi piris mier, magram misdauneburad, misi pasuxismgebloba mcirea;
9. movmzaddi \ momzadda (Cveulebrivi vnebiTi gvaris zmna, amgvari formebi enaTa umravlesobas aqvs) _ upirovnod,
nivTiviT, pasuxismgebloba araa.
Semdeg amas emateba zmnis mwkrivebiT gasityvebuli subieqturi da intersubieqturi xedvis sxvadasxva modaluri elfe-
rebi, da agreTve sxvadasxva zmniswinebi (Tumca, cxadia, yvela zmnas amdeni forma ver ewarmoeba). amgvarad mii-
Reba aseulobiT sityvaforma, romlebic mTqmelis subieqturi cnobierebis aseulobiT elfers gaasityvebs: movimzadebde,
mogimzadebde, movumzadebdeT, gadagamzadebinebde, gamzadebinebde, emzadebinos, Seumzadebia, Segvamza-
debinos... ...
qarTulma enam ver ikmara uneburobis zmnuri gamoxatva da nawilakebiTac ki gaasityva igi _ Sdr.: ver SevamCnie
(uneburad) \ ar SevamCnie (ganzrax), ver SevWame \ ar SevWame...
maSasadame gvaqvs mravali SesaZlebloba:
aseve: ar movamzade
ganzrax uneburad
/ ver movamzade / dadebiTi davagde damivarda damvardnia
ar momimzadebia uaryofiTi ar davagde ver davagde ar (ver) damvardnia ...
/ ver momimzadebia
/ ar movemzade / ver movemzade / ar movmzadebulvar / ver movmzadebulvar...
amaT garda, qarTul enaSi moipoveba sxva TviTmyofadi formebi [7]:
gunebis vnebiTi: emRereba (`memRereba da vimReri~), geinstituteba, meyvavileba...
miCnevis vnebiTi: melamazeba, emZimeba, geZvireba...
vnebiTi gvaris zogadi, Cveulebrivi daniSnulebaa iseTi moqmedebis gasityveba, romlis moqmedi piri ar Cans, gaur-
kvevelia. magaliTad: aSenda \ aSenebul iqna. qarTul enaSi vnebiT gvars mravali sxva daniSnulebac aqvs. maTgan
mTavaria `ganwyobis vnebiTi~, romelsac sami saxeoba aqvs: uneburobis, gunebis, miCnevisa.
qarTul erovnul kulturaSi ganwyobis cnebis Canasaxis did mniSvnelovnebas gviCvenebs agreTve saTanado brZnuli
andazebis simravle, magaliTad: melas rac esizmreboda, is ezmanebodao; Roris maZebars yvelgan Roris Rrutuni esmo-
dao; Tuki kacs cekva swadia, kameCis coxnazec ki icekvebso; mglisgan daSinebuli ZaRli mTel weliwads jirks uyefdao;
Sinaur mRvdels Sendoba ara aqvso; Cveuleba rjulze umtkicesiao...
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zurab vaxania. fsiqolingvistika _ 5
gilia ganwyobis Teoriis dvrita. amitom SemTxveviTi rodia, rom ganwyobis Teoria qarTvelma kacma Seqmna.
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