Documentos de Académico
Documentos de Profesional
Documentos de Cultura
Elaborado por:
Mudarra Salamanca, Delio Gabriel
CI: V-29.793.729
Elaborado por:
Mudarra Salamanca, Delio Gabriel
CI: V-29.793.729
En la ciudad de Barcelona, a los 03 días del mes de Mayo del año 2023
________________
Tutor Académico
iv
APROBACION DEL INFORME TUTOR ESPECIALISTA
En la ciudad de Barcelona, a los 03 días del mes de Mayo del año 2023
________________
Tutor Especialista
v
APROBACIÓN DEL INFORME TUTOR EMPRESARIAL
En la ciudad de Barcelona, a los 03 días del mes de Mayo del año 2023
_________________
Franklin Pacheco
Tutor Empresarial
vi
INSTITUTO UNIVERSITARIO DE TECNOLOGÍA SUPERIOR DE ORIENTE
Autor:
Mudarra Salamanca, Delio Gabriel
Marzo, 2023
RESUMEN
vii
DEDICATORIA
A su vez este informe está dedicado tanto como a los tutores que me
educaron durante mi tiempo en la universidad de los cuales aprendí mucho
más allá de lo que como labor tenían estipulado enseñar, como a mi tutor
empresarial que me apoyo con toda su experiencia y experticia en el área,
ayudándome a crecer y desarrollarme profesionalmente.
viii
AGRADECIMIENTOS
Antes que nada, darle las gracias a Dios por llenarme de vida y salud,
gracias a toda su voluntad y las cosas que ha hecho en mi vida. Darle las
gracias por supuesto a mi madre por otorgarme la bendición de la vida, por
cuidarme, alimentarme, velar por mí y por mi bienestar. Darle las gracias
también a mi padre, por criarme, educarme, inculcarme los valores necesarios
para ser exitoso y por convertirme en el hombre quien soy hoy.
Darle las gracias a mis tutores por las enseñanzas que me dieron todo
el tiempo que estuve tomando clase con todos y cada uno de ellos, también al
IUTSO como institución por abrirme sus puertas para formarme como
profesional pleno en el dominio y manejo del idioma inglés.
ix
ÍNDICE GENERAL
AGRADECIMIENTOS…………………………….......... ……………………….ix
ÍNDICE GENERAL........................................................................................ x
INTRODUCCIÓN ..........................................................................................1
CAPÍTULO I
MARCO INSTITUCIONAL
Reseña Histórica...........................................................................................3
Ubicación Geográfica....................................................................................4
x
Organigrama departamental .........................................................................7
CAPÍTULO II
EL PROBLEMA
Objetivos .....................................................................................................11
CAPÍTULO III
MARCO TEORICO
Lingüística ...................................................................................................13
Idioma .........................................................................................................14
Comunicación .............................................................................................14
Interpretación ..............................................................................................17
Fonética ......................................................................................................19
Fonología………………………………........……………………………………21
xi
Tipos de Fonología .....................................................................................22
Traductor ....................................................................................................23
Traducción ..................................................................................................23
Reglas Gramaticales...................................................................................28
Empresa .....................................................................................................29
Centro de Control........................................................................................29
Cliente .........................................................................................................30
Recepcionista .............................................................................................30
CAPÍTULO IV
EJECUCIÓN
CONCLUSIONES .......................................................................................38
xii
RECOMENDACIONES ...............................................................................40
REFERENCIAS BIBLIOGRAFICAS............................................................41
xiii
ÍNDICE DE TABLAS
TABLAS Pág.
xiv
ÍNDICE DE FIGURAS
FIGURAS Pág.
xv
ÍNDICE DE ANEXOS
ANEXO Pág.
Anexo 1 .......................................................................................................43
Anexo 2 .......................................................................................................44
Anexo 3 .......................................................................................................45
xvi
INTRODUCCION
1
COMPETECIAS LINGÜISTÌCAS DEL IDIOMA INGLES, EN EL CENTRO DE
CONTROL DE LA EMPRESA ARMORGRUOP, BARCELONA EDO.
ANZOÁTEGUI”. Se explicará y detallará las actividades llevadas a cabo
durante el tiempo de ejecución de la pasantía, así como su relación con los
campos académicos desarrollados durante el aprendizaje obtenido en el
Instituto Universitario Tecnológico Superior De Oriente (IUTSO), con la
intención de cumplir con los objetivos planteados, y obtener resultados
exitosos.
Los capítulos que forma el desarrollo del informe de pasantía son los
siguientes:
Capítulo I: Marco Institucional, comprende la información general de la
empresa en cuestión.
2
CAPÍTULO I
MARCO INSTITUCIONAL
3
capacita al equipo de trabajo para brindar asesoramiento a los clientes de manera
adecuada y profesional en temas de seguridad y manejo de situaciones críticas.
4
Figura 1.2: Logo de la Empresa
1.4.1 MISIÓN
1.4.2 VISIÓN
5
la seguridad. Así mismo dentro del margen de los protocolos efectuados dentro de la
compañía existe gran variedad de servicios entre estos tenemos algunos como por
ejemplo ofrecer soluciones tecnológicas novedosas en materia de seguridad,
evaluación de riesgos a las instalaciones para identificar vulnerabilidades e
implementar mejoras.
6
Figura: 1.3 Organigrama General de la Empresa
Fuente: ArmorGroup Venezuela, S.A.
7
Figura: 1.4 Organigrama Departamental de la Empresa
Fuente: ArmorGroup Venezuela, S.A.
8
Asistente Administrativo: El Asistente Administrativo supervisa el correcto
funcionamiento de la empresa u oficina, llevando a cabo labores del área administrativa
como, archivar, planificar, dirigir, coordinar, redactar, archivar, sacar cuentas, entre
otros.
9
CAPÍTULO II
EL PROBLEMA
10
La empresa ArmorGroup Venezuela (AGV) tiene un centro de control donde
cuenta con un sistema en el idioma inglés, en dicha área se lleva el control de las
entradas y salidas, la entrega de pases de seguridad, aunado a esto, se atienden llamadas
en el idioma inglés de forma regular, se mantiene el control en la recepción de
correspondencias de los extranjeros de habla inglesa, brinda apoyo en actividades
administrativas que requieran el uso del idioma ingles para el logro de los objetivos
fungiendo como intérprete de manera simultánea, y reciben correos de reuniones,
informes, reportes o eventos también en el idioma inglés.
2.2 OBJETIVOS
11
2.2.2 OBJETIVOS ESPECÍFICOS
12
CAPÍTULO III
MARCO TÉORICO
3.1 LINGÜÍSTICA
Chomsky (1975), afirma: “el lenguaje es producto de una facultad innata que
posee la mente humana, que lo produce a través de estructuras predefinidas, es sólo
uno de los componentes del sistema total de estructuras intelectuales que se puede
aplicar a la resolución de problemas y a la formación de conceptos, es decir, que
llevamos el lenguaje codificado en nuestro ADN, producto de una facultad innata que
posee la mente humana, que lo produce a través de estructuras predefinidas.”
13
3.2 COMPETENCIA LINGÜÍSTICA
3.3 IDIOMA
3.4 COMUNICACIÓN
14
“El código, que es el lenguaje empleado”.
15
“Comunicación verbal”
“Comunicación no verbal”
Comunicación Interpersonal
16
decir, que cohabitan y por ende se ven en la necesidad de emitir y recibir mensajes
para normar u organizar la convivencia”.
3.6 INTERPRETACIÓN
“Interpretación simultánea”
17
“Interpretación jurada”
“Interpretación de eventos”
“Interpretación consecutiva”
18
“Interpretación de enlace”
“Interpretación susurrada”
3.8 FONÉTICA
Bigot (2010), afirma: “La fonética estudia las propiedades físicas, las ondas
sonoras generadas por los órganos de fonación y propagadas por el aire. La fonética
articulatoria, de la que nos vamos a ocupar, clasifica los sonidos del habla a partir del
modo como son producidos por el aparato fonador. La mayoría de los sonidos del
lenguaje se producen por el paso de una columna de aire que viene de los pulmones y
atraviesa los resonadores: la faringe, la cavidad bucal, las fosas nasales. La presencia o
la ausencia de obstáculos sobre el paso de la columna de aire modifica la naturaleza de
19
los sonidos producidos. Clasificando esos obstáculos, la fonética articulatoria clasifica
los diferentes sonidos; estudia los procedimientos articulatorios que producen los
sonidos”.
“Fonética articulatoria”
“En la producción del sonido articulado intervienen tres clases de órganos: los
órganos de la respiración (pulmones, bronquios, tráquea), los órganos de la fonación
(cuerdas vocales, laringe, resonadores), y órganos de articulación (lengua, paladar,
labios, dientes y glotis). El aire pasa de los pulmones a los bronquios y después a la
tráquea, en cuya parte superior se sitúa la laringe. En la laringe, se sitúan las cuerdas
vocales, dos músculos flexibles que vibran con el paso del tiempo de la respiración. Si
las cuerdas vocales se aproximan y vibran, se producen los sonidos sonoros. Por el
contrario, si las cuerdas vocales no vibran y dejan pasar el aire libremente, se producen
los sonidos sordos. Se conoce articulación del sonido a la colocación específica de los
órganos de la boca (labios, lengua, paladar, velo del paladar, dientes, alvéolos, y
paladar duro) en el momento de producirse el sonido. Debido a la movilidad de dos de
los órganos de la cavidad bucal, la lengua y los labios, es en ella donde se origina la
mayor parte de los sonidos”.
20
“Fonética acústica”
“Fonética auditiva”
3.10 FONOLOGÍA
Llorach (1965), afirma: es “la disciplina lingüística que se ocupa del estudio de
la función de los elementos fónicos de las lenguas, es decir, que estudia los sonidos
21
desde el punto de vista de su funcionamiento en el lenguaje y de su utilización para
formar signos lingüísticos”
“Fonología sincrónica”
“Fonología diacrónica”
22
Y es que, las lenguas evolucionan con el tiempo, como podemos ver en las novelas
antiguas con el lenguaje literario, y es interesante y útil saber el recorrido que se hace
en este proceso”.
“Fonología generativa”
3.12 TRADUCTOR
3.13 TRADUCCIÓN
23
El término puede hacer referencia tanto a la interpretación que se da a un texto o
discurso como a la obra material del traductor”.
24
3.15 FINALIDAD Y CARACTERÍSTICAS DE LA TRADUCCIÓN
Hurtado (2001), afirma: “Son tres los interrogantes que deben ser tenidos en
cuenta con el fin de llevar a cabo cualquier tipo de traducción: ¿Por qué se traduce?
¿Para qué se traduce? Y ¿Para quién se traduce? Esta autora establece cuatro
características básicas en la traducción:”
1. “La razón de ser de la traducción es la diferencia entre las lenguas y las culturas.
4. “La traducción está condicionada por la finalidad que persigue y esta finalidad
varía según los casos.” (Hurtado, 2001).
“Transposición”
“La transposición consiste en pasar de una categoría gramatical a otra sin alterar
el significado del texto. Esta técnica introduce un cambio en la estructura gramatical”.
25
Ejemplo: He learns quickly Es veloz para aprender.”
“Modulación”
“Equivalencia”
Ejemplo: Chat échaudé craint l’eau froide Él que se quemó con leche ve la vaca y
llora.
“Adaptación”
26
Ejemplo: baseball football
“Traducción literal: las palabras léxicas se traducen una a una, por lo que
también es muy posible que su significado esté fuera de contexto. Es muy útil como
pre traducción para ver los problemas que puede presentar un texto a la hora de
traducirlo”.
27
“Traducción libre: reproduce el contenido original sin conservar la misma
forma”.
28
conversación ampliada. No siempre los hablantes están conscientes de estas reglas,
pero reconocen fácilmente una oración que no cumple con ellas”.
Aldea (2020), afirma: “Un departamento es la unidad que se crea dentro de una
organización. Es una división de la organización general que tiene encomendadas unas
tareas determinadas. Normalmente, las empresas reparten su actividad en secciones.
Cada una de ellas se ocupa de una tarea y todas juntas hacen que se lleve a cabo la
actividad principal del negocio”.
3.21 EMPRESA
29
3.23 CLIENTE
Quiroa (2019), “Un cliente es una persona o entidad que compra los bienes y
servicios que ofrece una empresa. La palabra cliente también puede ser utilizada como
sinónimo de comprador. El cliente puede comprar un producto y luego consumirlo; o
simplemente comprarlo para que lo disfrute otra persona”.
3.24 RECEPCIONISTA
30
CAPÍTULO IV
EJECUCIÓN
31
TABLA 4.1 PLAN DE ACTIVIDADES
32
4.2 DESCRIPCIÓN DE LAS ACTIVIDADES
33
Tabla 4.2 Descripción detallada de las Actividades (1/2)
34
Tabla 4.2 Descripción Detallada de las Actividades (2/2)
35
4.3 VINCULACIÓN DE LA PASANTÍA CON EL PERFIL OCUPACIONAL
Fundamentos del Inglés escrito debido a que esta materia se puso en práctica
para la realización de diferentes formatos donde se redactaba en el idioma inglés,
correos electrónicos, cartas, avisos, entre otros
36
4.4 CONOCIMIENTOS TEÓRICOS Y PRÁCTICOS ADQUIRIDOS DUANTE
LA PASANTÍA
Recepción de correspondencias.
37
CONCLUSIONES
38
En este informe describe el funcionamiento y las actividades básicas realizadas
en el área de control de ArmorGroup Venezuela. S.A, logrando cumplir con los
objetivos planteados lo que permitió desarrollar la Aplicación de Habilidades
Lingüísticas del Idioma Inglés.
39
RECOMENDACIONES
Capacitar al personal de las distintas áreas con cursos de inglés para así lograr
mantener una comunicación eficaz con los clientes internacionales, pueden ocupar a
pasantes de idiomas para ofrecer capacitaciones básicas en fundamentos de las ingles
Hacer uso correcto de cada Habilidad Lingüística del Idioma Inglés para la
comunicación con clientes y proveedores.
40
REFERENCIAS BIBLIOGRÁFICAS
41
Técnicas de Traducción, Mathieu, (2016) [En línea], revisado en
https://culturesconnection.com/
42
ANEXOS
43
Anexo 2 Muestra formato de extensión telefónica
44
Anexo 3 Recepción de correspondencia mediante correo electrónico
45
REPÚBLICA BOLIVARIANA DE VENEZUELA
Made by:
Mudarra Salamanca, Delio Gabriel
CI: V-29.793.729
Made by:
Mudarra Salamanca, Delio Gabriel
CI: V-29.793.729
In the city of Barcelona, on the 3 days of the month of May at the year 2023
________________
Methodological Tutor
iv
APPROVAL CERTIFICATE OF SPECIALIST TUTOR
In the city of Barcelona, on the 03 days of the month of May at the year 2023
________________
Specialist Tutor
v
APPROVAL CERTIFICATE OF BUSINESS TUTOR
In the city of Barcelona, on the 03 days of the month of May at the year 2023
_________________
Business Tutor
vi
INSTITUTO UNIVERSITARIO DE TECNOLOGÍA SUPERIOR DE ORIENTE
Author:
Mudarra Salamanca, Delio Gabriel
March, 2023
ABSTRACT
This internship report was written as a requirement to opt the title of superior
language technician with an English mention in the area and/or control center of the
company ArmorGroup Venezuela S.A. Puerto La Cruz. In said report, detailed
information is presented and described the activities carried out during the internship
period, the learning and experience obtained are compiled, and results of a labor and
academic nature corresponding are corresponding. The company ArmorGroup
Venezuela S.A. has provided executive security and risk management services to both
national and international entities that operate throughout the national territory. During
the preparation of the internship, the pertinent skills related to the use and
understanding of modern English were executed, among which are writing, translation,
and interpretation, among others. In this way, the company will be able to correctly
meet the needs of its clients, efficiently and impeccably achieving the information
about its services within its facilities, and thus avoiding communication barriers in a
communication process that handles two different languages. On behalf of the
company, basic training was offered in terms of department productivity, which in turn
focused on how relevant days are developed in a business work environment.
vii
DEDICATION
I would also like to dedicate it to my colleagues who gave me both their help
and their friendship throughout my career, with whom I have shared many moments of
joy and happiness, moments that I will treasure throughout my life and that had great
meaning for me.
At the same time, this report is dedicated both to the tutors who educated me
during my time at the university, from whom I learned far beyond what they had to
teach as a job, and to my business tutor, who supported me with all his experience and
expertise in the area, helping me grow and develop professionally.
viii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
First of all, thank God for filling me with life and health, thanks to all his will
and the things he has done in my life. Of course, thank my mother for granting me the
blessing of life, for taking care of me, feeding me, and watching over me and my well-
being. Thank you also to my father for raising me, educating me, instilling in me the
values necessary to be successful, and making me the man I am today.
Thank you to my tutors for the lessons you gave me throughout the time I was
in class with each of you, and thank you to IUTSO for opening its doors to train me as
a full professional in mastering and managing the English language.
Finally, I would like to thank my business tutor, Mr. Franklin, for his guidance
and advice, in addition to all the help he selflessly offered me at the time of the
internship, thanks to which I was able to obtain more professional experience that will
be of vital importance to me in the future.
ix
GENERAL INDEX
INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................... 1
CHAPTER I
INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK
Company Description................................................................................................. 6
x
General Organization Chart ....................................................................................... 6
CHAPTER II
PROBLEM INDENTIFICATION
Objectives ................................................................................................................. 11
General Objective..................................................................................................... 11
CHAPTER III
THEORICAL FRAMEWORK
Linguistics ................................................................................................................ 13
Linguistic Competence............................................................................................. 14
Language .................................................................................................................. 14
Communication ........................................................................................................ 14
Interpretation ............................................................................................................ 17
Phonetics .................................................................................................................. 19
xi
Phonology.………………………………........……………………………………21
Translator ................................................................................................................. 23
Translation................................................................................................................ 23
Translation Methods................................................................................................. 27
Company .................................................................................................................. 29
Customer .................................................................................................................. 30
Receptionist .............................................................................................................. 30
CHAPTER IV
EXECUTION
Activities Description............................................................................................... 33
xii
CONCLUSIONS ...................................................................................................... 38
RECOMMENDATIONS ......................................................................................... 40
xiii
TABLE INDEX
TABLES Page.
Activities Plan..............................................................................................32
Detailed Description of Activities .................................................................34
xiv
INDEX OF FIGURES
FIGURES Page.
xv
ANNEXES
ANNEX Page.
Annex 1 .......................................................................................................43
Annex 2 .......................................................................................................44
Annex 3 .......................................................................................................45
xvi
INTRODUCTION
This report was written based on the guidelines stipulated for the presentation of degree
projects; it is divided into four (4) chapters and is entitled "APPLICATION OF
ENGLISH LANGUAGE SKILLS IN THE CONTROL CENTER OF THE
COMPANY ARMORGRUOP, BARCELONA EDO. ANZOATEGUI." The activities
carried out during the execution time of the internship will be explained and detailed,
as well as their relationship with the academic fields developed during the learning
1
obtained at the Instituto Universitario Tecnológico Superior de Oriente
(IUTSO), with the intention of complying with the objectives set and obtaining
successful results. The chapters that form the development of the internship report are
the following: Chapter I: Institutional Framework includes the general information of
the company in question.
The chapters that form the development of the internship report are the
following:
Chapter II: The Problem, the Need, and the Objectives to Be Achieved
Chapter III: Theoretical Framework includes the theoretical concepts that were
applied at the time the internship was carried out.
The conclusion reached within the final margin of the activities carried out emphasizes
the importance of possessing knowledge of linguistic skills of the English language as
an essential ability.
2
CHAPTER I
INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK
3
1.10 GEOGRAPHICAL LOCATION
4
Figure 1.2: Company Logo
1.12.1 MISSION
1.12.2 VISION
5
1.13 COMPANY DESCRIPTION
6
Figure: 1.3: General Organization Chart
Source: ArmorGroup Venezuela, S.A.
7
Figure: 1.4: Departmental Organization Chart
Source: ArmorGroup Venezuela, S.A.
8
Control Center: This facility is in charge of monitoring and different
observation activities 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, using different systems and
computer applications.
Reception: The workers in the reception area are in charge of supervising the
entry and exit of both workers and visitors, managing the access list and granting
security permits for access to the company, answering calls or messages, maintaining
control over receiving correspondence, providing support in different administrative
activities, and reporting any suspicious activity to the control center.
9
CHAPTER II
THE PROBLEM
Currently, the world of private and executive security services has undergone
significant changes due to various factors that have altered the daily life to which we
were accustomed, for example, the COVID-19 pandemic. However, in terms of
services, Private and executive security has witnessed a rapid expansion of new
economic models and new technological ideas that are shaping the future of the
industry.
Today, the market and the economy are dictated by a highly globalized regime,
where establishing connections with different organizations and companies is essential
to promote the development and expansion of businesses. In this context, several
Spanish-speaking companies have been affected since they have a big problem when
they continue to grow because they do not have a good command of foreign languages.
In the 21st century, English is the international language in the business world,
which is why having highly trained personnel with the command of this language is an
essential tool to avoid being left in an unfavorable position compared to other
companies, and that can open many opportunities to continue expanding.
10
The company ArmorGroup Venezuela (AGV) has a control center where it has
a system in the English language. In this area, control of the entrances and exits is
carried out, as is the delivery of security passes. In addition to this, calls are answered
in the English language on a regular basis, control is maintained in the reception of
correspondence from English-speaking foreigners, it provides support in
administrative activities that require the use of the English language to achieve the
objectives, acting as an interpreter simultaneously, and they receive Meeting emails,
reports, reports, or events also in the English language.
At this time, the company is in need of a person fluent in English in the area
since foreign clients do not speak Spanish, which creates a communication deficit,
making it difficult to control access, take of data, and the delivery of passes, among
others, making it impossible to provide necessary and important information to the
client, which causes delays and failures in the communication flow, which are solved
with personnel in the area who can supply these needs in the English language.
2.4 OBJECTIVES
To apply the English competences at the Control Center of the ArmorGroup Company,
Barcelona, Anzoátegui state
11
2.4.2 SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES
• To execute the appropriate linguistic skills according to the activities framed in the
control center.
12
CHAPTER III
THEORICAL FRAMEWORK
3.1 LINGUISTICS
Chomsky (1975), affirms: "Language is the product of an innate faculty that the
human mind possesses, which produces it through predefined structures; it is only one
of the components of the total system of intellectual structures that can be applied to
the resolution of problems and the formation of concepts, which is to say that we carry
the language encoded in our DNA, the product of an innate faculty that the human mind
possesses, which produces it through predefined structures."
13
3.2 LINGUISTIC COMPENTENCE
3.3 LANGUAGE
3.4 COMMUNICATION
14
• "The code, which is the language used."
• “The context, which are the circumstances where the communication takes place.
Delgado (2021), affirms: "Communication can be divided into three large types":
15
"Verbal communication"
"Non-verbal communication"
"Interpersonal communication"
16
who cohabit, and therefore find themselves in the need to emit and receive
messages to regulate or organize communication."
3.6 INTERPRETATION
"Simultaneous interpretation"
17
"Sworn interpretation"
"A sworn interpreting service is carried out mainly in courts, although it can
also be carried out in notarial acts or in the private sphere. Thus, a company or
individual may need a sworn interpretation service in judicial processes, notarial acts,
civil liaisons, arbitrations, the resolution of contracts, or agreements between
companies.
"Interpretation of events"
"It is very similar to (and can even be confused with) liaison interpreting. Other
services are also included in the interpretation of events, such as making your
presentations in another language, subtitling corporate videos, or adapting any other
material that is prepared for said event (which, in reality, would be prior translation
services), "which is very necessary for everything to go correctly.".
"Consecutive interpretation"
"Consecutive interpreting is the type of service that a company needs to contract for
meetings, presentations, negotiations, press conferences, interviews, or international
work meetings. It consists of the speaker exposing his speech in the language of origin,
and the interpreter, after taking notes and during the pauses that the speaker makes
during his presentation, translates the message into the language of the public".
18
"liaison interpreting"
"Whispered Interpretation"
3.8 PHONETICS
Bigot (2010) affirms: "Phonetics studies the physical properties of the sound waves
generated by the organs of phonation and propagated through the air. Articulatory
phonetics, which we are going to deal with, classifies speech sounds based on the way
they are produced by the vocal apparatus. Most of the sounds of language are produced
by the passage of a column of air that comes from the lungs and crosses the resonators:
the pharynx, the oral cavity, and the nostrils. The presence or absence of obstacles
during the passage of the air column modifies the nature of the sounds
19
produced. By classifying these obstacles, articulatory phonetics classifies the
different sounds and studies the articulatory procedures that produce sounds".
Padilla (2015), affirms: "In the production of a sound, three types of phonetics
can be distinguished: articulatory, acoustic, and auditory."
"Articulatory Phonetics"
"Three kinds of organs are involved in the production of articulated sound: the
organs of respiration (lungs, bronchi, trachea), the organs of phonation (vocal cords,
larynx, resonators), and the organs of articulation (tongue, palate, lips, teeth, and
glottis). Air passes from the lungs to the bronchi and then to the trachea, at the top of
which is the larynx. In the larynx are the vocal cords, two flexible muscles that vibrate
with the passage of breathing time. If the vocal cords come together and vibrate, voiced
sounds are produced. On the contrary, if the vocal cords do not vibrate and allow air to
pass freely, dull sounds are produced. Sound articulation is known as the specific
placement of the organs of the mouth (lips, tongue, palate, soft palate, teeth, alveoli,
and hard palate) at the time the sound is produced. Due to the mobility of two of the
organs of the oral cavity, the tongue and the lips, it is there where most of the sounds
originate".
20
"Acoustic phonetics"
."It is the study of phonetics from the point of view of sound waves. It deals
with the scientific measurement of sound waves that are created in the air when we
speak. Just as we attribute articulatory features to phonemes, we can attribute acoustic
features to sounds: vowel/non-vocalic and consonantal/non-consonantal,
compact/diffuse, voiced/deaf, nasal/oral, interrupted/continuous, strident/matte,
serious/acute. These measurements are reflected in spectrograms, in which the
different formants into which the sounds are broken down are reflected.
"Auditory phonetics"
"Considers phonetics from the point of view of the listener (receiver). Hearing
begins in the ear and ends in the brain”.
3.10 PHONOLOGY
Llorach (1965) affirms that it is "the linguistic discipline that deals with the
study of the function of the phonic elements of languages, that is, it studies sounds
from the point of view of their functioning in language and their use to form linguistic
signs."
21
Troubetzkoy (1973) affirms: "The principle of all phonological description
consists in discovering the phonic oppositions that, in the language in question, serve
to differentiate the significations (meanings), and for this the material and starting point
must be the phonetic inventory of said language." "But it is doubtless that the most
advanced and elevated stages of phonological description, that is, the study of the
system and that of combinations, are completely independent of phonetics."
Padilla (2015), affirm: "the International Phonetic Alphabet, which includes all
the graphic symbols that make it possible to describe the different pronunciations of
each language, mentions different types of phonetics"
"Synchronous Phonology"
"Diachronic Phonology"
"Unlike the previous point, diachronic phonology investigates the modification of the
sound elements of the language over time. The aspects that are studied are structural,
functional, and substitutions of the phonic elements. And it is that languages evolve
over time, as we can see in old novels with literary language, and it is interesting and
useful to know the path that is taken in this process".
22
"Generative Phonology"
3.12 TRANSLATOR
3.13 TRANSLATION
Pérez (2013) affirms: "Translation is the action and effect of expressing in a language
something that has been expressed previously or that is written in a different language."
The term can refer both to the interpretation given to a text or speech and to the material
work of the translator.
23
According to Nida and Taber (2014), "Translation consists of reproducing, through a
natural and exact equivalence, the message of the original language in the receiving
language, first in terms of meaning and then in terms of style".
24
3.15 PURPOSE AND CHARACTERISTICS OF THE TRANSLATION
Hurtado (2001), affirms: "There are three questions that must be taken into
account in order to carry out any type of translation: Why is it being translated? What
is it translated for? And for whom is it translated? This author establishes four basic
characteristics in translation:"
5. "The reason for translation is the difference between languages and cultures."
25
"Transposition"
"Modulation"
Example: Maybe you are right. = "Tu n’as peut-être pas tort."
"Equivalence"
Example: "Chat échaudé craint l'eau froide"= He who got burned with milk sees the
cow and cries.
26
"Adaptation"
"Literal translation: lexical words are translated one by one, so it is also very
possible that their meaning is out of context." "It is very useful as a pre-translation to
see the problems that a text may present when translating it."
"Faithful translation: tries to translate the exact meaning of the original in the proper
context and determined by the grammatical structures. Try to be true to the form of the
text.".
27
"Semantic translation: it differs from faithful translation only by taking more
into account the aesthetic value of the translation."
"Adaptation": is the translation method that moves more freely and is widely
used in poetry and plays. It translates by adapting the text from one language to another,
even if the meaning of the words is not the same".
"Free translation: reproduces the original content without keeping the same
form."
28
3.19 GRAMATICAL RULES
Moskowitz (1985) affirms: "Grammar rules range from the most elementary
level of combining sounds to the most complex level of extended conversation.
Speakers are not always aware of these rules, but they easily recognize a sentence that
does not comply with them.
Aldea (2020) affirms: "A department is the unit that is created within an
organization. It is a division of the general organization that is entrusted with certain
tasks. Normally, companies divide their activities into sections. Each one of them deals
with a task, and all together they make the main activity of the business carry out".
3.21 COMPANY
Casanueva and García (2000), "a company is" an entity that, through the
organization of human, material, technical and financial elements, provides goods or
services in exchange for a price that allows the replacement of resources and the
achievement of certain objectives. goals."
29
3.22 CONTROL CENTER
3.23 CUSTOMER
Quiroa (2019), "A customer is a person or entity that buys the goods and
services offered by a company. The word customer can also be used as a synonym for
buyer. The customer can buy a product and then consume it, or just buy it for someone
else to enjoy."
3.24 RECEPTIONIST
30
CHAPTER IV
EXECUTION
In this section, the Gantt chart is shown with the activities carried out by the
intern in the internship process during (06) weeks (see Table 4.1).
31
TABLE 4.1 ACTIVITIES PLAN
32
4.2 ACTIVITIES DESCRIPTION
The following table shows in detail the activities carried out by the intern in an
internship process, which were carried out during a total period of six (06) weeks in
the control area of the company ArmorGroup Venezuela. (See table 4.2).
33
Table 4.2 Detailed Activities Description (1/2)
34
Table 4.2 Detailed Activities Description (2/2)
35
4.3 RELATIONSHIP OF THE INTERNSHIP WITH THE OCCUPATIONAL
PROFILE
The internship was perfectly adjusted to the occupational profile that was requested
in the company, since a professional with command of the English language was needed to
be in charge of attending to the requests that are presented in the control area of the company
related to the reception, presented internationally, either by phone or email.
Fundamentals of written English because this matter was put into practice for the
realization of different formats where it was written in the English language, including
emails, letters, and notices, among others.
36
4.5 THEORETICAL AND PRACTICAL KNOWLEDGE ACQUIRED DURING THE
INTERNSHIP
The beginning of the internships was a process of continuous adaptation because you cannot
work in an area of a company without prior knowledge, especially in those departments
where different types of administrative and bureaucratic processes are carried out. During
the During the time that I was developing the internships in the company, I was able to learn
about different daily activities that were carried out in the control area:
To provide attention to external visitors and direct them to the corresponding area.
Reception of correspondence.
37
CONCLUSIONS
In relation to the first objective, it demonstrated the activities in the reception area
and showed that it was possible to know and fulfill each activity satisfactorily.
Regarding the second objective, each basic term used in the area will be prolonged
and identified, which was very useful to expand the vocabulary.
Regarding the third objective, the four linguistic skills were applied in each of the
activities, which allowed to understand, express, argue, and analyze the mastery of the four
skills and determine the level of understanding, fluency, and a vocabulary to formulate ideas.
In this report, describe the operation and basic activities carried out in the control area
of ArmorGroup Venezuela, S.A., managing to meet the objectives set, which were able to
develop the application of linguistic skills of the English language.
38
For the intern, the development of these activities constitutes the strengthening of the
knowledge acquired during the learning process. It is important to demonstrate the qualities
that he possesses when carrying out his activities and functions within the area and in the
whole organism, which is certified through documentation, in this case what is presented in
this report.
39
RECOMMENDATIONS
In accordance with the knowledge obtained during the time in which the internship
process was carried out and the conclusions presented by the intern, the following
recommendations are proposed for the company:
Continue with the reception of interns and the excellent treatment provided by the
entire work team, since it offers excellent learning opportunities for future interns.
Train the staff of the different areas with English courses. In order to maintain
effective communication with international clients, they can hire language interns to offer
basic training in the fundamentals of English.
Make correct use of each linguistic ability of the English language for communication
with clients and suppliers.
40
BIBLIOGRAPHIC REFERENCES
41
Translation Techniques, Mathieu, (2016) [Online], reviewed at
https://culturesconnection.com/
42
ANNEXES
43
Annex 2 Sample telephone extension format
44
Annex 3 Reception of correspondence via email
45