Documentos de Académico
Documentos de Profesional
Documentos de Cultura
transcripción
Elementos que intervienen
❖ DNA
❖ RNA pol
❖ rNTPs Requiere de proteínas adicionales para
su “asociación” con el promotor
❖ Factores de transcripción
Promotores procarióticos
Promotores eucarióticos
Elongación
No corrige la cadena
naciente de polinucleótidos
La fidelidad de la
transcripción es mucho más
baja que la de la replicación
tRNAs
Productos de la
ncRNA
transcripción
snRNAs
snoRNAs
miRNAs
siRNAs
mRNAs
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are produced from precursor mRNA
(pre-mRNA) back-splicing of thousands of genes in eukaryotes.
Although circRNAs are generally expressed at low levels, recent
findings have shed new light on their cell type-specific and tissue-
specific expression and on the regulation of their biogenesis.
rRNAs
Operón
grupo de genes que está bajo
el control de un promotor.
rRNAs eucariontes
A recent study demonstrated that small nucleolar
RNA 24 (SNORNA24), a box H/ACA snoRNA, was
overexpressed in lung tumors.
snoRNAU50 is also altered and involved in the
development of prostate and breast cancer.
tRNAs
intrón
Remoción de “intrón”:
mediado por una endonucleasa y
posterior acción de una ligasa
A
mRNAs
proteínas
Modificaciones del transcrito primario
2.- Esplicing
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Eliminación de intrones
Secuencias no traducibles
Autoesplicing
Predicting how splicing errors impact disease risk
August 30, 2018
Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
Splicing removes interrupting segments called introns from the raw,
unedited RNA copy of a gene. There are over 200,000 introns in the
human genome, and if they are spliced out imprecisely, cells will
generate faulty proteins. The results can be life-threatening: about 14%
of the single-letter mutations that have been linked to human diseases
are thought to occur within the DNA sequences that flag intron
positions in the genome.
Retinitis Pigmentosa 38 — variation caused by the MERTK
defective gene - Seyone Chithrananda 2019
Retinal dystrophies are inherited genetic diseases that cause
severe loss in vision over time, as a result of loss of function in
the retina.
For many genetic diseases like RP, there’s been a lot of
promising research about how mutations affecting the splicing
process have been seen to perhaps be a cause for the disease.
According to a paper in Nature, nearly 38% of autosomal
dominant (1 copy of a mutant gene and 1 healthy one from two
parents) forms of RP showed mutations impacting splicing.
These mutations affected genes coding for spliceosome factors,
which are crucial to the process of splicing.
Endonucleasa
secuencia consenso
AAUAA
(10 - 30 nucleótidos
antes del corte)
Poli-A polimerasa
adiciona 100 - 200 A
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