Documentos de Académico
Documentos de Profesional
Documentos de Cultura
RESUMEN
El screening cardiovascular preparticipativo es una práctica sistémica de evaluación médica en la
población general de atletas, que se efectúa antes de participar en deportes con el fin de identificar
anormalidades cardiovasculares preexistentes que puedan provocar la progresión de una enferme-
dad o la muerte súbita. Siempre se ha relacionado a la muerte súbita en el deporte con el corazón,
dado que el 90% de los casos se debe a este origen, aunque está establecido que también se debe
al fallo de otros sistemas. Los cambios cardíacos que pueden resultar en muerte súbita en los jóve-
nes a menudo tienen causas genéticas, pero por lo general no son diagnosticados. La exploración
cardiológica de cualquier deportista previa a la temporada debe consistir en una anamnesis orienta-
da, una exploración física (con auscultación y toma de presión arterial) y un electrocardiograma de
reposo de 12 derivaciones.
Palabras claves: screening cardiovascular, atleta competitivo, enfermedades cardiovasculares en
deportistas y muerte súbita.
ABSTRACT
The cardiovascular screening preparticipative is a systemic practice of medical assessment in the
general population of athletes, which takes place before participating in sports to identify pre-existing
cardiovascular abnormalities that may cause disease progression or sudden death. Always it has
been associated sudden death in sport with the heart, since 90% of cases due to this source, alt-
hough it is established that is also due to failure of other systems. Heart changes that can result in
sudden death in young people often have genetic causes, but usually are not diagnosed. Cardiologi-
cal examination of any athlete before the season should be a focused history, physical examination
(with auscultation and blood pressure measurements) and an electrocardiogram resting 12-lead.
Keywords: cardiovascular screening, competitive athlete, cardiovascular disease and sudden death
in athletes
1
Máx. O2= máximo consumo de oxigeno
2
MCV= máxima contracción voluntaria
Examen familiar
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