LA ECUACIÓN DIFERENCIAL DE ENFRIAMIENTO DE NEWTON

Daniel Felipe Clavijo Jiménez

Brayan Andrés Bastidas González

Ruddy Camilo León Castillo

1). Ecuación diferencial de enfriamiento de newton

Tm=20 °T ( 0 )=91 °T ( 4 ) =71°

T ( t )=¿

dT dT
=K ( T ( t ) −T m ) T ' =K (T −20° ) =kdt
dt T −20

dT
∫ T −20 =∫ kdt
ln∨T −20=Kt + C
ln∨T−20 Kt +C
e =e
c kt
T −20=e . e

T (t)=ec . ekt +20

T ( 0 )=C 2+20=91T ( 4 ) =C2 e 4 k +20=71

C 2=71

71 e 4 k =51
4k 51
e =
71
51
4 K=ln
71
51
ln
71
K=
4

comportamiento chocolate
71 √
C 2=71T ( 7 )=55 4 51 + 20T ( 7 )=38.24 2)Grafica del

dT
=K ( T −Tm )T ( t )=Tm+C e−kt
dt
 Tiempo (Minutos) Temperatura (Grado Celsius)
0 14
1 17
2 19
3 21

Calentamiento
4 24
5 25
6 28
7 30
8 36
9 39
10 43
15 62

Tiempo (Minutos) Temperatura (Grado Celsius)

0 91
1 80
2 77
3 74
4 71

Enfriamiento
5 70
6 69
7 64
8 59
9 58
10 56
11 51

3)COMPARACIÓN DATOS TEÓRICOS Y EXPERIMENTALES

Tm=20T ( 0 )=91T ( 4 ) =71

T ( t )=¿

T ( 0 )=Tm+Ce−kt T ( 0 )=20+Ce−kt =9120+C=91C=91−20C=71

 −k 3 54
T ( 3 )=Tm+Ce−kt T ( 3 )=20+71 e−k 3=74T ( 3 )=71 e−k3 =74−20T ( 3 )=e =
71

T ( 3 )=ln e
−k 3
=ln ( )
54
71 k =
ln
54
71 ( )
=0,091
−3

T ( t )=20+71 e
−0,091 t
=51T ( t )=71 e
−0,091 t
=51−20T ( t )=ln e
−0,091t
=ln ( 3171 )
T ( t )=−0,091t=ln
31
71 t=
ln
31
( )
71
=9,10
( )
−0,091

MARGEN DE ERROR

T ( t )=20+71 e−0,091 t=51

51
=0,851−0.85=0.15∗100=15 %
60

Imagines