‘‘Año del Fortalecimiento de la Soberanía Nacional’’

CONCRETO ARMADO II
Práctica Calificada N° 1

FACULTAD
Ingeniería Civil y Arquitectura

ESCUELA
Ingeniería Civil

ALUMNO
Gabriela Jasmin Vásquez Picón

DOCENTE
Ing. Armando Navarro Peña
PREGUNTA N° 1
Diseñar la zapata conectada y viga de conexión con los siguientes datos:

DATOS

Df = 1.2 𝑚

𝑒losa = 0.2 𝑚

𝜎𝐴𝐷𝑀 = 3 𝐾𝑔/𝑐𝑚2

F’c = 210 𝐾𝑔/𝑐𝑚2

F’y = 4200 𝐾𝑔/𝑐𝑚2

Longitud eje a eje entre columnas = 7.60 𝑚

1ERA COLUMNA: 2DA COLUMNA:

𝐵𝑐𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑛𝑎 = 60 𝑐𝑚 𝐵𝑐𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑛𝑎 = 60 𝑐𝑚
ℎ𝑐𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑛𝑎 = 60 𝑐𝑚 ℎ𝑐𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑛𝑎 = 60 𝑐𝑚
𝑊𝐷1 = 180 𝑇𝑛 𝑊𝐷1 = 360 𝑇𝑛
𝑊𝐿1 = 36 𝑇𝑛 𝑊𝐿1 = 72 𝑇𝑛

P1 P2

VIGA DE CONEXIÓN
Altura de zapata : 0.8 𝑚
Altura efectiva:
𝑑 = ℎ − 0.10 = 0.70𝑚

𝑑 = 0.80 − 0.10 = 0.70 𝑚

Solución:
σ = 3 𝑘𝑔/𝑐𝑚2 – {(0.8 𝑚)(2400 𝑘𝑔/𝑐𝑚2 ) – (1.2 𝑚)(1600 𝑘𝑔/𝑐𝑚2 ) – (0.2 𝑚) (2400
𝑘𝑔/𝑐𝑚2 )} x10−4 𝑚2 /𝑐𝑚2

σ = 2.568 𝑘𝑔/𝑐𝑚2

1. Pre- Dimensionamiento de la Zapata Externa

216 Tn

1,2 𝑃𝑒𝑠𝑜
Área = 𝜎

1,2 ( 216 000)

Área = 2.568

Área = 100934.58 𝑐𝑚2

Zapata rectangular

2𝑥 2 = 100934. 58 𝑐𝑚2

y = 2x 𝑥 = 224.65 cm
𝑥 = 2.3 𝑚

x
𝑦 = 2.3 𝑚 𝑥 2 = 4.6 𝑚
 7.6 m

216 Tn 432 Tn

Wviga = 1.584 𝑇𝑛/𝑚

1.15 6.75 m
R1 R2

𝑇𝑛
Wviga = 1.06 ∗ 1.086 ∗ 2.4 = 1.584 𝑚

𝐵 = 0.6 𝑚
7.6
𝐻= = 1.086 = 1.1 𝑚
7

7.62
(−216∗7.6−1.584∗ )
2
𝑅1 = = 249.98 𝑇𝑛
−6.75

𝑅2 = 216 + 432 + 7.6 ∗ 1.584 − 249.98 = 410.06 𝑇𝑛

La zapata externa se afecta por una fuerza mayor a la que se ha hallado su área de 216 Tn a 274 Tn en
consecuencia, se debe comprobar el área con la fuerza cortante mayor

𝑃 249 980
𝐴= = = 97343.14 𝑐𝑚2
𝜎 2.568
2𝑥 2 = 97343.14
y = 2x
𝑥 = 220.62
𝑥 = 2.3 𝑚
𝑦 = 4.6 𝑚
x
 7.6 m

216 Tn 432 Tn

R1 R2

𝑊𝑣𝑖𝑔𝑎 = 1.584 𝑇𝑛/𝑚

𝐵 𝑣𝑖𝑔𝑎 = 0.6 𝑚
7.6
𝐻 𝑣𝑖𝑔𝑎 = 𝑚 = 1.086 = 1.1 𝑚
7

𝑅1 = 249.98 𝑇𝑛
𝑅2 = 410.06 𝑇𝑛

2. Pre - Dimensionamiento de Zapata Interna

𝑃 410.06 𝑇𝑛
𝐴= = = 159681.16 𝑐𝑚2
𝜎 2.568

𝐿2 = 159681.16
𝐿 = 399.60
𝐿 =4𝑚

L = 4𝑚
 3. Diseño a la Resistencia Última

1.90∗7.62
𝑅1 = ( [−(1.2 ∗ 180) + (1.6 ∗ 36)] ∗ 7.6 − [ ])/(−6.75) = 316.1859 𝑇𝑛
2

𝑅2 = 273.6 + [(1.2 ∗ 360) + (1.6 ∗ 72)] + 7.6 ∗ 1.9 − 316.1859 = 519.0601 𝑇𝑛

4. Diseño de Zapata Interna

𝑃𝑢
𝑞𝑢 =
Á𝑅𝐸𝐴
519.0601
𝑞𝑢 = (4)(4)
= 32.4 𝑇𝑛/𝑚2
4𝑚 1𝑚
a.- Verificación por cortante:
𝑉𝑢 = 1 ∗ 1 ∗ 32.4 = 32.44 𝑇𝑛
0.7 𝑚 1𝑚
𝑉𝑢 32.44
𝑉𝑛 = = = 43.26 𝑇𝑛
4 0.6 𝜃 0.75
1= − − 0.7
2 2
𝑉𝑐 = 0.53 √𝑓 ′ 𝑐 ∗ 𝑏 ∗ 𝑑

4𝑚 𝑉𝑐 = 0.53 ∗ √210 ∗ 100 ∗ 70 ∗ 1000 = 53.76 𝑇𝑛

Correcto

4 0.6 0.7
= + +
2 2 2
b.- Verificación por punzonamiento:
2.65 𝑚
𝑉𝑢 = 32.4 (4 ∗ 4 − 2.65 ∗ 1.30) = 407.30 𝑇𝑛
407.30
𝑉𝑛 = = 543.067 𝑇𝑛
4𝑚 1.30 𝑚 = 0.6 + 0.7 0.75

𝑉𝑐 = 1.06√210(2.65 ∗ 2 + 1.3) ∗ 0.7 ∗ 100 = 7096.717 𝑇𝑛

Correcto

4𝑚
 5. Diseño de Zapata Externa

4.6 0.6 Hallamos carga última:

− − 0.7
2 2
316.1859
= 1.3 𝑚 𝑞𝑢 = = 29.89
(4.6 ∗ 2.3)
𝑑
a. Verificación por cortante
4.6𝑚
𝑉𝑢 = 29.89 ∗ 1 ∗ 1.3 = 38.85 𝑇𝑛
38.85
𝑉𝑛 = = 51.80 𝑇𝑛
0.75
𝑉𝑐 = 0.53√210 ∗ 1 ∗ 0.7 ∗ 10000 = 53763.01𝐾𝑔
53763.01
𝑉𝑐 = 0.53√210 ∗ 1 ∗ 0.7 ∗ 10000 = = 53.76 𝑇𝑛
1000𝐾𝑔

2.3𝑚

b. Verificación por punzonamiento

𝑉𝑢 = 273.6 − (29.89 ∗ 2.3 ∗ 1.3) = 184.24𝑇𝑛

4.6 𝑚
184.24
𝑉𝑛 = = 245.657 𝑇𝑛 1.3 𝑚
0.75

𝑉𝑢 = 1.06 ∗ √210 ∗ (2.3 ∗ 2) ∗ 0.7 ∗ 100 = 4946.197 𝑇𝑛

2.3 𝑚

6. Cálculo de Acero para Zapata Interna

𝑞𝑢
1.72
1. 𝑀𝑢 = 32.4 ∗ = 46.878 𝑇𝑛 − 𝑚
2
46.878
2. 𝑀𝑛 = = 52.086 𝑇𝑛 − 𝑚
0.9

3. 𝐴𝑠𝑢𝑚𝑖𝑚𝑜𝑠 𝑒𝑙 5% 𝑑𝑒 ′′𝑑′′
1.7𝑚
𝑑 = 0.7 𝑚 → 70 𝑐𝑚
 𝑎 = 0.05 ∗ 70 = 3.5 𝑐𝑚

52.086 ∗ 105
𝐴𝑠 = = 18.17 𝑐𝑚2
3.5
(4200 ∗ (70 − 2 ))

4. 𝑉𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑟 𝑒𝑙 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑜𝑟 𝑑𝑒 ′′𝑎′′ 𝑎𝑠𝑢𝑚𝑖𝑑𝑜

18.17 ∗ 4200 ′′𝑎′′ 𝐴𝑠𝑢𝑚𝑖𝑑𝑜 = 3.5 𝑐𝑚

𝑎= = 4.275 𝑐𝑚
(0.85 ∗ 210 ∗ 1 ∗ 100)
′′𝑎′′ 𝑉𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑑𝑜 = 4.275 cm

5. 𝑆𝑒 𝑡𝑜𝑚𝑎 𝑒𝑙 ′′𝑎′′ 𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑑𝑜 = 4.275 𝑐𝑚

52.086 ∗ 105
𝐴𝑠 = = 18.27 𝑐𝑚2
4.275
(4200 ∗ (70 − 2 ))

6. 𝑉𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑟 𝑒𝑙 𝑛𝑢𝑒𝑣𝑜 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑜𝑟 𝑑𝑒 ′′𝑎′′

′′𝑎′′ 𝐴𝑠𝑢𝑚𝑖𝑑𝑜 = 4.275 𝑐𝑚
18.27 ∗ 4200
𝑎= = 4.275 𝑐𝑚 ′′𝑎′′ 𝑉𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑑𝑜 = 4.275 cm
(0.85 ∗ 210 ∗ 1 ∗ 100)

7. 𝐴𝑐𝑒𝑟𝑜 𝑚í𝑛𝑖𝑚𝑜 𝑒𝑛 𝑧𝑎𝑝𝑎𝑡𝑎𝑠

𝐴𝑠 = 0.0018 ∗ 1 ∗ 0.8 = 0.0014 𝑚2 → 14.4𝑐𝑚2

8. 𝐶𝑜𝑚𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑜 Diámetro Área (cm2) Separación

1/2" 1.27 0.07
𝐴𝑠𝑚í𝑛 = 14.4 𝑐𝑚2
5/8" 1.98 0.11
𝐴𝑠 𝑐𝑎𝑙𝑐𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑑𝑜 = 18.27 𝑐𝑚2 3/4" 2.85 0.16
1" 5.07 0.28

5.07
𝑈𝑠𝑒: = 𝝓𝟏′′ @ 𝟎. 𝟐𝟖 𝒄𝒎
18.27
18.27
𝑈𝑠𝑒: = 𝟒𝝓𝟏′′
5.07
 7. Cálculo de acero para Zapata Externa

𝑞𝑢
22
1. 𝑀𝑢 = 32.4 ∗ = 59.8 𝑇𝑛 − 𝑚
2

59.8
2. 𝑀𝑛 = = 66.412 𝑇𝑛 − 𝑚
0.9
2𝑚
3. 𝐴𝑠𝑢𝑚𝑖𝑚𝑜𝑠 𝑒𝑙 5% 𝑑𝑒 ′′𝑑′′
𝑑 = 0.7 𝑚 → 70 𝑐𝑚

𝑎 = 0.05 ∗ 70 = 3.5 𝑐𝑚

66.412 ∗ 105
𝐴𝑠 = = 23.17 𝑐𝑚2
3.5
(4200 ∗ (70 − 2 ))

4. 𝑉𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑟 𝑒𝑙 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑜𝑟 𝑑𝑒 ′′𝑎′′ 𝑎𝑠𝑢𝑚𝑖𝑑𝑜

′′𝑎′′ 𝐴𝑠𝑢𝑚𝑖𝑑𝑜 = 3.5 𝑐𝑚
23.17 ∗ 4200
𝑎= = 5.451 𝑐𝑚 ′′𝑎′′ 𝑉𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑑𝑜 = 5.451 cm
(0.85 ∗ 210 ∗ 1 ∗ 100)

5. 𝑆𝑒 𝑡𝑜𝑚𝑎 𝑒𝑙 ′′𝑎′′ 𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑑𝑜 = 5.5 𝑐𝑚

66.142 ∗ 105
𝐴𝑠 = = 23.50 𝑐𝑚2
5.5
(4200 ∗ (70 − ))
2

6. 𝑉𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑟 𝑒𝑙 𝑛𝑢𝑒𝑣𝑜 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑜𝑟 𝑑𝑒 ′′𝑎′′

18.27 ∗ 4200 ′′𝑎′′ 𝐴𝑠𝑢𝑚𝑖𝑑𝑜 = 5.45 𝑐𝑚

𝑎= = 4.275 𝑐𝑚
(0.85 ∗ 210 ∗ 1 ∗ 100) ′′𝑎′′ 𝑉𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑑𝑜 = 5.53 cm

7. 𝐴𝑐𝑒𝑟𝑜 𝑚í𝑛𝑖𝑚𝑜 𝑒𝑛 𝑧𝑎𝑝𝑎𝑡𝑎𝑠

𝐴𝑠 = 0.0018 ∗ 1 ∗ 0.8 = 0.0014 𝑚2 → 14.4𝑐𝑚2
 8. 𝐶𝑜𝑚𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑜 Diámetro Área (cm2) Separacion
1/2" 1.27 0.05
𝐴𝑠𝑚í𝑛 = 14.4 𝑐𝑚2 5/8" 1.98 0.08
3/4" 2.85 0.12
𝐴𝑠 𝑐𝑎𝑙𝑐𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑑𝑜 = 23.50 𝑐𝑚2 1" 5.07 0.22

5.07
𝑈𝑠𝑒: = 𝝓𝟑/𝟒′′@ 𝟎. 𝟏𝟐 𝒄𝒎
23.50
23.50
𝑈𝑠𝑒: 2.85
= 9 𝑣𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑙𝑙𝑎𝑠 𝝓𝟑/𝟒 ‘’

Diseño de Viga de Conexión

𝑆𝑒𝑐𝑐𝑖ó𝑛 𝑃𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑙𝑡𝑒 𝑒𝑓𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑜

𝑏 = 0.6 𝑚 𝑑 = 1.1 − 0.09 = 1.01 𝑚
ℎ = 1.1 𝑚

7.6 m

273.6 Tn 547.2 Tn
Tn
Wu

1.15m 6.75 m
R1 R2
𝐵 𝑣𝑖𝑔𝑎 = 0.6 𝑚
𝐻 𝑣𝑖𝑔𝑎 = 1.086 𝑚
𝑅𝑒𝑑𝑜𝑛𝑑𝑒𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑜 = 1.1 𝑚
𝑊𝑣𝑖𝑔𝑎 = 0.6 ∗ 1.1 ∗ 2.4 = 1.584 𝑇𝑛/𝑚

𝑊𝑣𝑖𝑔𝑎𝐷 = 1.584 ∗ 1.2 = 1.90 𝑇𝑛/𝑚

 7.62
−273.6 ∗ 7.6−1.90 ∗
2
𝑅1𝑢 = = 316.19 𝑇𝑛
−6.75

𝑅2𝑢 = 273.6 + 547.2 + 7.6 ∗ 1.9 − 316.19

316.19
𝑑𝑒 𝐶𝑎𝑟𝑔𝑎 𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑏𝑢𝑖𝑑𝑑𝑎 𝑎 𝑃𝑢𝑛𝑡𝑢𝑎𝑙 = = 137.47
2.3

𝑉𝑢 = 137.47𝑥 − 1.90(𝑥 − 0.3) − 273.6 = 0

137.47𝑥 − 1.90 𝑥 + 0.57024 − 273.6 = 0
135.57𝑥 − 273 = 0
𝑥 = 2.01 𝑚

2.012 2.01 − 0.3 2

𝑀𝑢 = 137.47 ∗ − 1.90 ∗ ( ) − 273.6 ∗ (2.01 − 0.3) = −192.94
2 2

−1 ∗ −192.94
𝑀𝑛 = = 214.37 𝑇𝑛 − 𝑚
0.9

Acero Mínimo Diámetro Área (cm2) Separacion

1/2" 1.27 0.06
5/8" 1.98 0.10
14 ∗ 0.6 ∗ 100 ∗ 1.01 ∗ 100
𝐴𝑠𝑚í𝑛 = = 20.2 𝑐𝑚2 3/4" 2.85 0.14
4200
1" 5.07 0.25

𝑈𝑠𝑒 ∶ ∅1′′ @25 𝑐𝑚

𝑈𝑠𝑒 ∶ 4∅ 1′′

Acero Máximo

𝑑𝑡 = 1.1 − 0.9 = 1.01

3
𝑐= ∗ 1.01 ∗ 100 = 37.875 𝑐𝑚
8
Diámetro Área (cm2) Separacion
2 1/2" 1.27 0.02
𝑎 = 0.85 ∗ 37.875 = 32.194 𝑐𝑚
5/8" 1.98 0.02
3/4" 2.85 0.03
32.194
𝐴𝑠 = 0.85 ∗ 210 ∗ 0.6 ∗ 100 ∗ 4200
= 82.09𝑐𝑚2 1" 5.07 0.06
Acero Máximo y Momento Nominal
𝑀𝑛
1. 𝐴𝑠 = 𝑎
𝑓𝑦(𝑑 − 2)

32.194
82.09 ∗ 4200 ∗ (1.01 ∗ 100 − 2 ) = 292.74 𝑇𝑛 − 𝑚
𝑀𝑛 𝑚á𝑥 =
100000

2. 𝑃𝑎𝑟𝑎 𝑀𝑛 𝑚á𝑥 = 292.74 𝑇𝑛 − 𝑚 𝑀𝑛 = 214.37 𝑇𝑛 − 𝑚

𝑎 = 32.194 𝑐𝑚

3. 𝑆𝑒 𝑎𝑠𝑢𝑚𝑒 𝑒𝑙 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑜𝑟 𝑑𝑒 ′′ 𝑎 ′′20% 𝑑𝑒 𝑑𝑡

𝑎 = 1.01 ∗ 20% = 20 𝑐𝑚

214.37 ∗ 105
𝐴𝑠 = = 56.15 𝑐𝑚2
20
(1.01 ∗ 100 − 2 )

4. 𝑉𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑚𝑜𝑠 𝑒𝑙 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑜𝑟 𝑑𝑒 𝑎 =

′′𝑎′′ 𝐴𝑠𝑢𝑚𝑖𝑑𝑜 = 20 𝑐𝑚
56.15 ∗ 4200
𝑎= = 22.020 𝑐𝑚 ′′𝑎′′ 𝑉𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑑𝑜 = 22.02 cm
(0.85 ∗ 210 ∗ 0.6 ∗ 100)

5. 𝑇𝑜𝑚𝑎𝑚𝑜𝑠 𝑎 = 22.02 𝑐𝑚

214.37 ∗ 105
𝐴𝑠 = = 56.72 𝑐𝑚2
22.02
(4200 ∗ (1.01 ∗ 100 − 2 ))

6. 𝑉𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑚𝑜𝑠 𝑒𝑙 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑜𝑟 𝑑𝑒 𝑎 =

56.72∗4200 ′′𝑎′′ 𝐴𝑠𝑢𝑚𝑖𝑑𝑜 = 20 𝑐𝑚

𝑎 = (0.85∗210∗0.6∗100) = 22.24
′′𝑎′′ 𝑉𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑑𝑜 = 22.24 cm
 Diámetro Área (cm2) Separacion
7. 𝑆𝑒 𝑢𝑠𝑎: 𝐴𝑠 = 56.72 𝑐𝑚2 1/2" 1.27 0.02
5/8" 1.98 0.03
3/4" 2.85 0.05
1" 5.07 0.09

5.07 ′′
𝑈𝑠𝑒: = ∅1 @ 9 𝑐𝑚
56.72

56.72
𝑈𝑠𝑒: = 11 ∅1′′
5.07

𝑽𝒆𝒓𝒊𝒇𝒊𝒄𝒂𝒎𝒐𝒔 𝒑𝒐𝒓 𝒄𝒐𝒓𝒕𝒂𝒏𝒕𝒆, 𝒓𝒆𝒆𝒎𝒑𝒍𝒂𝒛𝒂𝒏𝒅𝒐:

0.6
𝑉𝑢 = 137.47 ∗ (1.15) − 1.90 ∗ (1.15 − ) − 273.6 = −117 𝑇𝑜𝑛
2

117.12
𝑉𝑛 = − = 156.16 𝑇𝑛
0.75
𝑉𝑐 = 0.53 ∗ √210 ∗ 0.6 ∗ 100 ∗ 1.01 ∗ 100 = 46543.4 𝐾𝑔 = 46.54 𝑇𝑛

𝑁𝑂 𝐶𝑈𝑀𝑃𝐿𝐸

Cálculo de estribos

𝑉𝑛 = 156.16
𝑉𝑐 = 46.54
𝑉𝑠 = 156.16 − 46.54 = 109.62
 1.1√210 ∗ 60 ∗ 101 < 𝑉𝑠 ≤ 2.1 ∗ √210 ∗ 60 ∗ 101

96.60 < 𝑉𝑆 ≤ 184.42

96.60 109.62 184.42

𝑉𝑠 𝐶𝑈𝑀𝑃𝐿𝐸 𝑙𝑎 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑑𝑖𝑐𝑖ó𝑛, 𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑜𝑛𝑐𝑒𝑠 𝑙𝑎 𝑠𝑒𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑎𝑐𝑖ó𝑛 𝑚á𝑥𝑖𝑚𝑎 𝑠𝑒𝑟á 𝐷/4

𝑑
𝑆𝑚á𝑥 =
4
101
𝑆𝑚á𝑥 = = 25.25 𝑐𝑚
4

Diámetro Av S (cm)
1/4" 0.63 2.44
3/8" 1.42 5.50
1/2" 2.54 9.83

USE :

1′′
1∅ @5𝑐𝑚
2
1′′
20 ∅ @9𝑐𝑚
2
1′′
𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑡𝑜 ∅ @25𝑐𝑚
2
GRÁFICO FINAL
1∅1′′@5𝑐𝑚

1′′
20 ∅ @9𝑐𝑚
2
4∅1′′ @25 𝑐𝑚
1′′
𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑡𝑜 ∅ @25𝑐𝑚
2

11∅1′′ @ 9 𝑐𝑚
′′
3 4 ∅1′′@ 24 𝑐𝑚
9∅ @ 0.12 𝑐𝑚
4