Nivel 1

INGLES I
Greetings / People / Introducing yourself
VOCABULARY
American Americano
Book Libro
Boy Chico
Bus Autobús
Eight Ocho
English Inglés / a
Fine Bien
Five Cinco
Four Cuatro
Girl Chica
Good morning Buenos días (desde que te despiertas hasta las 12 del mediodía)
Goodbye Adiós
Hi / Hello Hola
Hour Hora
Hungry Hambriento
London Londres
Minute Minuto
Name Nombre
Newspaper Periódico
Nice to meet you Encantado de conocerla/te
Nine Nueve
OK Vale / de acuerdo / está bien
One Uno
Pen Bolígrafo
Seven Siete
Short Bajo / a
Six Seis
Spanish Español / a
Student Estudiante
Tall Alto / a
Teacher Profesor /a
Ten Diez
Thank you Gracias
Three Tres
To greet Saludar
To meet Encontrar o conocer (a una persona)
To spell Deletrear
Tourists Turistas
Copyright © CAE Computer Aided USA Corporation - Computer Aided Elearning, S.A.
Two Dos
Vacation Vacaciones
Week Semana
Weekend Fin de semana
Wet Mojado / húmedo
Yes Sí
You Tú / usted / ustedes / vosotros
You're welcome. De nada
Zero Cero
VOCABULARY SENTENCES
She is a teacher. Ella es una profesora.
He is a boy. Es un chico.
They are newspapers. Ellos son periódicos.
The boys and girls are students. Los chicos y chicas son estudiantes.
She is a girl. Es una chica.
It is a book. Ello es un libro.
They are tourists. Ellos son turistas.
They are on the bus. Ellos están en el autobús.
The recepcionist greets people. El recepcionista saluda a la gente.
We meet friends in a bar. Nos encontramos con amigos en un bar.
How are you? ¿Cómo estás?
I'm fine, thanks. Estoy bien, gracias.
There are sixty minutes in an hour. Una hora tiene sesenta minutos.
London is the capital city of England. Londres es la capital de Inglaterra.
There are sixty seconds in a minute. Un minuto tiene sesenta segundos.
Write your name on the paper. Escribe tu nombre en el papel.
There are seven days in a week. La semana tiene siete días.
I do not work on the weekend. No trabajo el fin de semana.
It is rainy and wet today. Hoy hace un día lluvioso y húmedo.
VOCABULARY SENTENCES: SUBJECT PRONOUNS

You are hungry. Tú tienes hambre. / Tú estás hambriento.
I am Spanish. Yo soy española.
We are American. Nosotros somos americanos.
*Nota: En el curso se utiliza "American" para hacer referencia a
los estadounidenses. También se puede utilizar "North
American" para diferenciarlos de los "Central and South
Americans".
I am on vacation. Yo estoy de vacaciones.
You are tall. Tú eres alto.
I am short. Yo soy baja.
USEFUL PHRASES
Hi, what's your name? Hola, ¿cuál es su / tu nombre?
My name is Rose. Mi nombre es Rose.
Nice to meet you. Encantado de conocerla/te.
Thank you, goodbye. Gracias, adiós.
How do you spell pen? ¿Cómo se deletrea pen (bolígrafo)?
P - E - N. P - E - N.
GRAMMAR
Pronombres de sujeto
Son aquellos que se refieren al agente de una acción es decir, a la persona la cual realiza la
acción del verbo:
INGLÉS ESPAÑOL
I Yo
You Tú, usted
He Él
She Ella
It Ello (cosa / animal)
We Nosotros
You (pl.) Vosotros, ustedes
They Ellos, ellas
En inglés, en la tercera persona del singular se diferencia entre:

1.- masculino referido a persona ( he )
2.- femenino referido a persona ( she )
3.- neutro referido a animales o cosas ( it )
NOTA: En caso de tener una relación afectiva con el animal, podemos referirnos a éste como
“he” o “she”, dependiendo del sexo.
El verbo “to be”

El verbo to be se traduce por ser o estar, según el sentido de la frase.
INGLÉS ESPAÑOL
I am Yo soy /estoy
You are Tú eres / estás
He is Él es /está
She is Ella es /está
It is Ello (cosa / animal) es /está
We are Nosotros somos / estamos
You are Vosotros sois / estáis
They are Ellos / ellas son / están
Fíjate en que algunos pronombres como por ejemplo everyone o everybody van seguidos del
verbo en singular.
P. ej.: Everybody is at the cinema.
First day at work / Day and time / When's the movie?
VOCABULARY
Action Acción
Afternoon Tarde
Also También
Any Algún, alguna, algunos / as (ningún, ninguna, ningunos / as)
Article Artículo
Bank Banco
Boring Aburrido / a, os / as (cosas)
Cell phone Teléfono móvil
Clock Reloj
Comedy Comedia
Computer Ordenador
Day Día
Desk Escritorio
Doctor Médico
E-mail Correo electrónico
Evening Tarde-noche
Family Familia
First Primer (o, a)
Good afternoon Buenas tardes (desde las 12 del mediodía hasta las 5 de la
tarde)
Good evening Buenas noches (para saludar a partir de las 6 de la tarde)
Good morning Buenos días (desde que te despiertas hasta las 12 del
mediodía)
Good night Buenas noches (para despedirse de alguien o cuando te vas a
dormir)
Hour Hora
Information Información
Long Largo
Mayor Alcalde
Morning Mañana
Movie theater Cine
Movie Película
Office Oficina
Plants Plantas
Program Horario, programa
Receptionist Recepcionista
Romance Romance
Telephone Teléfono
That Que
The movies / movie Cine
theater
Time Tiempo (hora)
Today Hoy
Until Hasta
Well Bueno, bien, pues
That is my office. Ésa es mi oficina.
This is a computer. Esto es un ordenador.
Those are desks. Esos son escritorios.
A lot of my friends communicate by email. Muchos amigos míos se comunican por
correo electrónico.
These are plants. Éstas son plantas.
That is a telephone. Eso es un teléfono.
Nowadays cell phones are also called Hoy en día los teléfonos móviles
"smartphones". también se llaman "smartphones".
That is a clock. Eso es un reloj.
She is at the movies. Ella está en el cine.
This movie is a comedy. Esta película es una comedia.
This movie is a romance. Esta película es un romance.
I like watching sports with a lot of action. Me gusta ver deportes de acción.
Look at this article in the newspaper! It's ¡Mira este artículo en el periódico!
about food. Trata sobre los alimentos.
I don't know what day my birthday falls on No sé qué día cae mi cumpleaños este
this year, have you got a calendar? año, ¿tienes un calendario?
The television program gave a lot of useful El programa de televisión dio mucha
information. información útil.
She's got very long brown hair. Ella tiene el pelo marrón y muy largo.
This music festival has a great program. Este festival de música tiene un buen
programa.
Well, let's start the class. Bueno, vamos a empezar la clase.
The receptionist at the hotel is really nice El recepcionista del hotel es muy
with us. amable con nosotros.
Today is Monday. Hoy es lunes.
He is first. Él es el primero.
He is the mayor. Él es el alcalde.
Time Hora
An hour Una hora
That is a long car. Ése es un coche largo.
We are a family. Nosotros somos una familia.
This is a boring movie. Ésta es una película aburrida.
LEARN AND PRACTICE - POSSESSIVE ADJECTIVES 1

This is Brenda, and this is her house. Ésta es Brenda y ésta es su (de ella) casa.
This is Richard, and this is his house. Éste es Richard y ésta es su (de él) casa.
LEARN AND PRACTICE - POSSESSIVE ADJECTIVES 2

This is Cookie, and this is its house. Éste es Cookie y ésta es su (de ello) casa.
These are the Stevensons, and this is their Éstos son los Stevensons y ésta es su (de
house. ellos) casa.
PHRASES - USEFUL PHRASES

Good morning, Sarah. Buenos días, Sarah.
Morning. Buenos días.
Good afternoon, Theodore. Buenas tardes, Theodore.
Afternoon. Buenas tardes.
Good evening. Buenas noches.
Evening. Buenas noches.
Good morning until 12 p.m. Buenos días (hasta las 12 del mediodía)
Good afternoon until 6 p.m. Buenas tardes (hasta las 5 de la tarde)
Good evening and onwards. Buenas tardes (hasta las 8 de la tarde)
Good night when you go to sleep Buenas noches (para despedirse de alguien o
or say goodbye. cuando te vas a dormir)
Anything else? ¿Algo más?
No, that's alright, thank you. No, está bien así, gracias.
I'm sorry. Lo siento.
That's alright. No pasa nada.
She's a doctor. Ella es doctora.
She's also a doctor. Ella también es doctora.
Are there any menus? ¿Hay algunos menús?
No, there aren't any menus. No, no hay ningunos menús.
How are you? ¿Cómo está usted / estás tú?
Fine, thanks. Bien gracias.
And how is your wife? ¿Y cómo está su / tu mujer?
She is fine, too. Ella está bien, también.
Are there any waiters? ¿Hay algún camarero?
No, there aren't any waiters. No, no hay ningún camarero.
GRAMMAR
There is - There are

There is y there are se usan para decir hay. Si estamos hablando en singular usamos there is y
si estamos hablando en plural usamos there are. Se pueden utilizar tanto en afirmativa como
en negativa como en interrogativa.
Afirmativa:
There is a book. Hay un libro.
There are some books. Hay libros.
Interrogativa:
Is there a book? ¿Hay un libro?
Are there any books? ¿Hay libros?
Negativa:
There is not a book. No hay un libro.
There are not any books. No hay libros.
There isn’t a book. No hay un libro.
There aren’t any books. No hay libros.
Para responder se suele utilizar la forma corta, es decir, la forma there seguida de is / are en
afirmativa o negativa, en singular o plural según convenga. Esta forma de responder es
mucho más usual en inglés.
P. ej.: Are there any books?
Yes, there are. / No, there aren’t.
Is there a book?
Yes, there is. / No, there isn’t.
Con estas expresiones usamos normalmente los determinantes some y any.
Some y Any
Son determinantes que se usan con palabras incontables y con nombres en plural (tienen más
o menos el mismo significado que el artículo indefinido a / an). Significan “una cierta
cantidad de”. Some se puede generalizar como la forma plural de a / an y one.
P. ej.: There are some cookies.
Hay algunas galleta s.
Some: Se usa en oraciones afirmativas e interrogativas.

P. ej.: There is some milk in the fridge.
You have some friends.
Would you like some cookies? Yes, please.
*En oraciones interrogativas normalmente utilizamos “any” a menos que queramos o
esperemos que la respuesta sea: sí.
Any: Se usa en oraciones negativas e interrogativas.

P. ej.: There isn’t any sugar in the cupboard.
Are there any oranges on the table?
I don’t have any brothers.
La hora
La expresión utilizada para preguntar la hora en inglés es:
What time is it?
¿Qué hora es?
- Para contestar utilizamos:
It’s + minutos + PAST/TO + hora
P. ej.: It’s five past two.

Son las dos y cinco.
P. ej.: It’s ten to three.

Son las tres menos diez.
- Si es la hora en punto utilizamos: o’clock
P. ej.: It’s ten o’clock.

Son las diez.
- Para expresar la hora y media utilizamos:
Half past + hora
P. ej.: It’s half past nine.

Son las nueve y media.
- Para expresar un cuarto de hora utilizamos a quarter.
P. ej.: It’s a quarter to nine.

Son las nueve menos cuarto.
(To = Menos)
P. ej.: It’s a quarter past nine.

Son las nueve y cuarto.
(Past = Y)
(At ) What time…? ¿A qué hora…?

At… A la…/A las…
Nota: en inglés norteamericano se suele utilizar el formato digital, esto significa que se suele
decir la hora y a continuación los minutos. Por ejemplo:
5:15 à It’s five fifteen.

(Son las cinco y quince.)
9:52 à It’s nine fifty-two.
(Son las nueve y cincuenta y dos.)
11:30 à It’s eleven thirty.

(Son las once y treinta.)
También hay que tener en cuenta que se suele utilizar A.M. y P.M. detrás de la hora.
A.M. se utiliza desde medianoche hasta las 11:59 de la mañana.
P.M. se utiliza desde mediodía hasta las 11:59 de la noche.
P. ej.:
It’s 9 A.M.
(Son las nueve de la mañana.)
It’s 9 P.M.
(Son las nueve de la noche.)
Preposiciones de tiempo: at, on, in

AT
USO EJEMPLOS
- Horas at three o’clock, at
- Periodos festivos lunchtime, at sunset, at
(excepto: on 13:45
vacation) at Christmas, at weekends,
at Easter
ON
USO EJEMPLOS
- Días on Monday, on Sunday
- Fechas concretas on 4th April, on New
Year’s Eve, on my
birthday
IN
USO EJEMPLOS
- Partes del día in the afternoon, in the
(excepto: at night) morning, in the evening
- Meses, estaciones, in March, in spring, in
años, décadas y 1945, in the 60s, in the
siglos 19th century, in the
Middle Ages
Nota: No utilizamos preposiciones delante de “last”, “next”, “this” o “every”.

We met last Friday.
They are getting married next September.
We are leaving this summer.
I get up at eight every morning.
Adjetivos posesivos
my book / my books
mi libro / mis libros
your book / your books
tu, su (de usted, ustedes),
vuestro libro / tus libros
his book / his books
su libro (de él) / sus libros
her book / her books
su libro (de ella) / sus libros
its book / its books
su libro / sus libros
(de ello referido a cosa / animal)
our book / our books
nuestro libro / nuestros libros
their book / their books
su libro (de ellos / as) / sus libros
Demostrativos
This (singular)
este, esta, esto
These (plural)
estos, estas
That (singular)
ese, esa, eso, aquel, aquella, aquello
Those (plural)
esos, esas, aquellos, aquellas
Genitivo sajón
En inglés, cuando hablamos de posesión con personas, es decir, cuando algo pertenece a
alguien, utilizamos lo que se llama genitivo sajón, que consiste en colocar primero la persona
que posee algo seguido de la forma ’s, y después la cosa poseída.
Poseedor + ’s + cosa poseída
Si decimos, por ejemplo, la casa de María, en este caso la persona que posee es María y el
objeto poseído es la casa, luego la forma correcta sería: María’s house
Tenemos que prestar atención al hecho de que en español se usa un artículo que en inglés se
omite como hemos visto en el ejemplo anterior.
Cuando el poseedor es singular o no acaba en -s, el genitivo se forma con ’s, pero si el
poseedor está en plural o acaba en -s, el genitivo se forma solamente con ’.
P. ej.: my father’s wife
la mujer de mi padre
my parents’ car
el coche de mis padres
Por otra parte, cuando el poseedor es una cosa, expresamos posesión con la preposición of
como en español.
P. ej.: The capital of France
La capital de Francia
Nota: cuando hay más de un poseedor para el mismo objeto poseído, sólo se añade el genitivo
sajón en el último poseedor.
P. ej.: We visited Sam and Lizzy’s new house.

Visitamos la casa nueva de Sam y Lizzy.
Also y Too
Also significa “también” y se usa después del verbo to be o cualquier otro verbo usado como
auxiliar. En estos casos, el sujeto no se puede separar del verbo.
Sujeto + verbo “to be” + also + ...
P.ej.: I am also a doctor.
Yo también soy (un) médico.
Sin embargo, cuando usamos cualquier otro verbo, also se coloca entre el sujeto y el verbo. En
este caso si podemos separar el sujeto del verbo.
Sujeto + also + verbo + ...
P.ej.: I also study.
Yo también estudio.
Too significa “también”, pero siempre va colocado al final de la frase, cualquiera que sea el
verbo.
P.ej.: I am a doctor, too.
Yo también soy (un) médico.
I study, too.
Yo también estudio.

INGLÉS ESPAÑOL
I am Yo soy /estoy
He is Él es /está
verbo en singular.
Numbers and colors
VOCABULARY
Zero Cero
One Uno
Two Dos
Three Tres
Four Cuatro
Five Cinco
Six Seis
Seven Siete
Eight Ocho
Nine Nueve
Ten Diez
Eleven Once
Twelve Doce
Thirteen Trece
Fourteen Catorce
Fifteen Quince
Sixteen Dieciseis
Seventeen Diecisiete
Eighteen Dieciocho
Nineteen Diecinueve
One hundred Cien
Two hundred Doscientos
Three hundred Trescientos
Four hundred Cuatrocientos
Five hundred Quinientos
Six hundred Seiscientos
Seven hundred Setecientos
Eight hundred Ochocientos
Nine hundred Novecientos
One thousand Mil
Two thousand Dos mil
Three thousand Tres mil
Four thousand Cuatro mil
Five thousand Cinco mil
Six thousand Seis mil
Seven thousand Siete mil
Eight thousand Ocho mil
Nine thousand Nueve mil
Numbers and colors
Ten thousand Diez mil

First Primero
Second Segundo
Third Tercero
Fourth Cuarto
Fifth Quinto
Sixth Sexto
Seventh Séptimo
Eighth Octavo
Ninth Noveno
Tenth Décimo
Red Rojo
Yellow Amarillo
Green Verde
Blue Azul
Brown Marrón
White Blanco
Black Negro
Grey Gris
Orange Naranja
Purple Morado
Numbers and colors
I am twenty. Yo tengo veinte años.
I am thirty. Yo tengo treinta años.
I am forty. Yo tengo cuarenta años.
I am fifty. Yo tengo cincuenta años.
I am sixty. Yo tengo sesenta años.
I am seventy. Yo tengo setenta años.
I am eighty. Yo tengo ochenta años.
I am ninety. Yo tengo noventa años.
I am first. Yo soy la primera.
I am second. Yo soy el segundo.
I am third. Yo soy el tercero.
I am fourth. Yo soy el cuarto.
I am fifth. Yo soy la quinta.
I am sixth. Yo soy el sexto.
I am seventh. Yo soy la séptima.
I am eighth. Yo soy el octavo.
I am ninth. Yo soy la novena.
I am tenth. Yo soy el décimo.
Numbers and colors
GRAMMAR
Números 0-30
zero 0
one 1
two 2
three 3
four 4
five 5
six 6
seven 7
eight 8
nine 9
ten 10
eleven 11
twelve 12
thirteen 13
fourteen 14
fifteen 15
sixteen 16
seventeen 17
eighteen 18
nineteen 19
twenty 20
twenty-one 21
twenty-two 22
twenty-three 23
twenty-four 24
twenty-five 25
twenty-six 26
twenty-seven 27
twenty-eight 28
twenty-nine 29
thirty 30
Numbers and colors
Números 40-100
forty 40
fifty 50
sixty 60
seventy 70
eighty 80
ninety 90
one / a hundred 100
Ten en cuenta que los números que van desde el 21 hasta el 99, cuyo segundo dígito no es el
cero, han de escribirse como dos palabras unidas con un guion.
Ejemplos:
forty-eight 48
seventy-two 72
ninety-eight 98
Colores
red rojo
orange naranja
yellow amarillo
green verde
blue azul
brown marrón
black negro
white blanco
How old are you? / How are the children? / Happy birthday!
VOCABULARY
At home En casa
Aunt Tía
Bad Malo / a, mal
Brother Hermano
CD CD, compact disc
Child Niño / a
Children Niños / as, hijos / as
Chocolate Chocolate
Cold Frío
Cousin Primo / a
Daughter Hija
Dog Perro
Eraser Goma de borrar / caucho
Family Familia
Farewell Despedida
Father Padre
Good Bien / bueno / buen
Goodbye Adiós
Grandfather Abuelo
Grandmother Abuela
Guest Invitado
Here Aquí
In En, dentro de
Mail Correo
Memory stick Dispositivo de memoria USB
Mother Madre
Nephew Sobrino
New house Casa nueva
Nice Bonito, simpático, agradable
Niece Sobrina
Old house Casa antigua
Paper Papel
Parents Padres
Pen Bolígrafo
Pencil Lápiz
Pleased Contento, encantado / a
Relative Familiar
School Escuela, colegio, instituto
Sister Hermana
Son Hijo
Tea Té
This Este / a
To meet Encontrar o conocer (a una persona)
Uncle Tío
Welcome Bienvenido / a
Year Año
Zero Cero
One Uno
Two Dos
Three Tres
Four Cuatro
Five Cinco
Six Seis
Seven Siete
Eight Ocho
Nine Nueve
Ten Diez
Twenty Veinte
Thirty Treinta
Forty Cuarenta
Fifty Cincuenta
Sixty Sesenta
Seventy Setenta
Eighty Ochenta
Ninety Noventa
This is my family. Ésta es mi familia.
My mother is good. Mi madre es buena.
My father is old. Mi padre es viejo.
We are parents. Nosotros somos padres.
This is a photograph of my relatives. Esta es una fotografía de mis familiares.
The child is in the house. El niño está en la casa.
The children are in the school. Los niños están en la escuela.
This is my son, he is seven. Este es mi hijo, tiene siete años.
My daughter is five years old. Mi hija tiene cinco años.
She is his aunt. It is his mum's sister. Ella es su tía. Es la hermana de su madre.
My grandfather has got white hair. Mi abuelo tiene el pelo blanco.
My grandmother is always happy. Mi abuela siempre está feliz.
She has a small nephew. Ella tiene un sobrino pequeño.
She reads stories to her niece. Ella lee cuentos a su sobrina.
The house is old. La casa es antigua.
The house is new. La casa es nueva.
We are at home. Nosotros estamos en casa.
I have a CD collection with all my Tengo una colección de CD con toda mi
music. música.
There is a lot of paper on the table. Hay muchos papeles en la mesa.
You can erase your mistakes with an Puedes borrar tus errores con una goma.
eraser.
The children are all at school. Los niños están todos en el colegio.
It's very cold today. Wear a warm coat. Hace mucho frío hoy. Ponte un abrigo
caliente.
I have got a pet dog. It's big and black. Tengo un perro como mascota. Es grande y
negro.
Goodbye. Thanks for a nice lunch. Adiós. Gracias por un almuerzo tan
agradable.
You are in my house. You're my guest. Estás en mi casa. Eres mi invitada.
Wait here. I need to get my bag. Espera aquí. Tengo que coger mi bolso.
I drink a cup of tea for breakfast. Me bebo una taza de té para desayunar.
There is a lot of mail today. Hoy hay mucho correo.
Farewell. Write to me every day. Adiós. Escríbeme todos los días.
The bus is from England. El autobús es de Inglaterra.
The dog is nice. El perro es bueno.
The tea is bad. El té está malo.
It's a pencil. Es un lápiz.
The pen is here. El bolígrafo está aquí.
The chocolate is here. El chocolate está aquí.
This is number twenty. Éste es el número veinte.

Hello Tom. This is James. Hola Tom. Éste es James.
Hi James. Nice to meet you. Hola James. Encantado de conocerle / te.
Oh, one question. Oh, una pregunta.
Yes? ¿Sí?
How old are you? ¿Cuántos años tiene usted / tienes tú?
I'm twenty years old. Yo tengo veinte años.
This is my brother. Éste es mi hermano.
Nice to meet you. I'm David. Encantado de conocerle / te. Yo soy David.
GRAMMAR
El verbo “to be” en forma contraída

Los verbos en inglés que se contraen son pocos, pero es muy usual encontrarlos y se usan con
mucha frecuencia, casi siempre en conversación y, a menudo, en escritos informales.
TO BE SER O ESTAR
I’m Yo soy, yo estoy
Tú eres, tú estás / usted es, usted
You’re
está
He’s Él es, él está
She’s Ella es, ella está
It’s Ello (cosa / animal) es, ello está
We’re Nosotros somos, nosotros estamos
Vosotros sois, estáis / Uds. son,
You’re
están
They’re Ellos / ellas son, están
NOTA: Es imprescindible utilizar en inglés los sujetos en todos los casos, sin poder ser
omitidos como normalmente se hace en español.
Edad
En inglés, la forma de preguntar por la edad de alguien o algo es:
How old are you?
Traducido literalmente quiere decir “¿Cómo de viejo eres?”.
La estructura fija a seguir sería: How old + verbo to be en interrogativa + ?
Para responder se sigue usando el verbo to be seguido de la cantidad de años más la forma
years old.
Esta forma de decir la edad puede resultar un poco extraña para un hispanoparlante, ya que
en inglés se dice que uno es años viejo y no que tiene años. La respuesta traducida literalmente
es “yo soy diez años viejo“.
I am ten years old.
At the party / What is this? / Who's who
VOCABULARY
Accountant Contable
Actor Actor
Actress Actriz
Airplane Avión
Apple Manzana
Car Coche
Cheese Queso
Chef Cocinero / a
Customer Cliente
Dentist Dentista
Doctor Médico
Drugstore Farmacia
Engineer Ingeniero / a
Everybody Todo el mundo
Glasses Gafas
Handbag Bolso
Happy Feliz
Job Trabajo, empleo / puesto de trabajo
Keys Llaves
Lawyer Abogado / a
Magazine Revista
Man Hombre
Movement Movimiento
Music Música
Notebook Cuaderno, libreta, bloc de apuntes
Of course Por supuesto
Passport Pasaporte
Pharmacist Farmacéutico / a
Pilot Piloto
Please Por favor
Police officer Policía
Season Estación (tiempo)
Secretary Secretario / a
Soldier Soldado
Sorry Lo siento, perdón
Store Tienda
Teapot Tetera
These Estos, estas
Those Esos, esas, aquellos / as

To come in Entrar, pasar
To introduce Presentar una persona
Very Muy
Waiter Camarero
Watch Reloj de pulsera
Who? ¿quién?
Your Tu / su (de Ud.) / vuestro
I am a secretary. Yo soy secretaria.
She is the pharmacist. Ella es la farmacéutica.
Is that an actress? ¿Es ésa una actriz?
Yes, that is an actress. Sí, ésa es una actriz.
He is in a play. He's an actor in the
United States.
Are we dentists? ¿Somos nosotros dentistas?
Yes, we are. Sí, lo somos.
Is he the waiter? ¿Es él el camarero?
That man is a police officer. Ese hombre es un policía.
He loves numbers. He wants to be an Le encantan los números. Quiere ser
accountant. contable.
He's a pilot. He flies airplanes. Él es piloto. Pilota aviones.
They are lawyers. Ellos son abogados.
Is he the chef? ¿Es él el cocinero?
Yes, he is. Sí, lo es.
She is an engineer. Ella es ingeniera.
The soldier is on guard. El soldado está de guardia.
Look at that airplane in the sky! ¡Mira el avión en el cielo!
I want to buy some medicine. Where's the Quiero comprar medicamentos. ¿Dónde
drugstore? está la farmacia?
I am sick. I want to see a doctor. Estoy enferma. Quiero ver a un doctor/a.
Her glasses are on the table. They are Sus gafas están sobre la mesa. Son negras.
black.
That's a great handbag. I want to buy it. Ese bolso es grande. Quiero comprarlo.
It's his birthday today. He's very happy. Es su cumpleaños hoy. Está muy contento.
I can't open the door. I don't have my No puedo abrir la puerta. No tengo mis
keys. llaves.
I always read a magazine on the plane. Siempre leo una revista en el avión.
I take a notebook to my English class. Me llevo una libreta a las clases de inglés.
There are four seasons in a year: spring, El año tiene cuatro estaciones: primavera,
summer, fall and winter. verano, otoño e invierno.
This store has very good tea. Esta tienda tiene muy buen té.
My mom likes tea. This teapot is a A mi mamá le gusta el té. Esta tetera es un
perfect present. regalo perfecto.
My watch is new. It's very nice. Mi reloj es nuevo. Es muy bonito.
We buy cheese at the supermarket. Compramos queso en el supermercado.
This car Este coche (CERCA)
That car Ese coche (LEJOS)
These apples Estas manzanas (CERCA)
Those apples Esas manzanas (LEJOS)
This man Este hombre (CERCA)
That man Ese hombre (LEJOS)
These books Estos libros (CERCA)
Those books Esos libros (LEJOS)
What is your job? ¿Cuál es su / tu puesto de trabajo?
I am a secretary. Yo soy secretaria.
He's a customer. Él es un cliente.
What is this? ¿Qué es esto?
This is an airplane. Esto es un avión.
Where are you from? ¿De dónde es usted / eres tú?
I'm Scottish. I'm from Great Britain. Yo soy escocés. Yo soy de Gran Bretaña.
I'm not English. Yo no soy inglés.
I am from Wales. I'm British. Yo soy de Gales. Yo soy británico.
Are you Peruvian? ¿Es usted / eres tú peruana?
Of course I am! ¡Por supuesto que lo soy!
The music is beautiful. La música es estupenda.
She is a tall woman. Ella es una mujer alta.
He is a short man. Él es un hombre bajo.
He is very cold. Él tiene mucho frío.
Is this your house? ¿Es ésta su / tu casa?
Everybody is in the house. Todo el mundo está en la casa.
SHOWROOM: DEMONSTRATIVES - DEMONSTRATIVE

PRONOUNS
This is an apple. Esto es una manzana.
That is an apple. Eso es una manzana.
These are apples. Estas son manzanas.
Those are apples. Esas son manzanas.
SHOWROOM: DEMONSTRATIVES - DEMONSTRATIVE

ADJECTIVES
This house is beautiful. Esta casa es hermosa.
That house is beautiful. Esa casa es hermosa.
These houses are beautiful. Estas casas son hermosas.
Those houses are beautiful. Esas casas son hermosas.
This car Este coche (CERCA)
That car Ese coche (LEJOS)
These apples Estas manzanas (CERCA)
Those apples Esas manzanas (LEJOS)
This man Este hombre (CERCA)
That man Ese hombre (LEJOS)
These books Estos libros (CERCA)
Those books Esos libros (LEJOS)

Hi, Nancy. Please, come in. Hola, Nancy. Por favor, pasa.
My name is Aiden Leeks. Mi nombre es Aiden Leeks.
Sorry, what is your name? Perdón, ¿cuál es su / tu nombre?
Oh! I'm sorry. ¡Oh! Lo siento.
Sorry? ¿Perdón?
Excuse me. Disculpe.
GRAMMAR
Profesiones
Cuando se quiere hablar de profesiones, es imprescindible usar el artículo indeterminado a /
an, seguido del oficio en cuestión.
P. ej.: She is a teacher.
Ella es profesora.
He is an engineer.
Él es ingeniero.
Demostrativos
This (singular)
este, esta, esto
These (plural)
estos, estas
That (singular)
ese, esa, eso, aquel, aquella, aquello
Those (plural)
esos, esas, aquellos, aquellas
Plurals
The plural of a noun is usually made by adding s to the singular:
cat - cats
Nouns ending in o, ch, sh, ss or x form their plural by adding es:
box - boxes
Words of foreign origin or abbreviated words ending in o add s:
kilo - kilos
Nouns ending in y following a consonant drop the y and add ies:
baby - babies
Most nouns ending in f or fe drop the f and fe and add ves:
knife - knives
Irregular plurals:
man - men goose - geese
mouse - mice woman - women
tooth - teeth foot - feet
child - children
Nouns that do not change:

fish, trout, salmon, deer, sheep, aircraft
Greek or Latin forms:

crisis - crises
termini - terminus
Nouns that are always plural:

police, clothes, pajamas, pants, scales
Initials can be made plural:

M.C.’s, B.A.’s
To Be (negativo)
En inglés, la partícula que se usa para conjugar un verbo en negativa es not; sin embargo,
debemos tener en cuenta que el orden es diferente, ya que primero se coloca el verbo y después
la partícula.
Al igual que en la afirmativa, usamos la forma contraída de este verbo en el inglés hablado. Es
indiferente cuál de las dos formas se usa, es decir, contrayendo el sujeto con el verbo o el
verbo con la partícula negativa. Abajo se verá de forma más clara:
I am not / I’m not
Yo no soy, Yo no estoy
You are not / You’re not / You aren’t
Tú no eres, Tú no estás / Usted no es, Usted no está / Ustedes no son, Ustedes no están /
Vosotros no sois, vosotros no estáis
He is not / He’s not / He isn’t
Él no es, Él no está
She is not / She’s not / She isn’t
Ella no es, Ella no está
It is not / It’s not / It isn’t
Ello (cosa / animal) no es, ello no está
We are not / We’re not / We aren’t
Nosotros no somos, nosotros no estamos
They are not / They’re not / They aren’t
Ellos / ellas no son, ellos / ellas no están

INGLÉS ESPAÑOL
I am Yo soy /estoy
He is Él es /está
verbo en singular.
To Be (interrogativo)
En el caso de la forma interrogativa, debemos prestar atención, ya que se invierte el orden
lógico de sujeto más verbo por verbo más sujeto.
Am I?
¿soy yo? / ¿estoy yo?
Are you?
¿eres tú? / ¿estás tú? / ¿es usted? / ¿está usted? / ¿son ustedes? / ¿están ustedes? / ¿sois
vosotros? / ¿estáis vosotros?
Is he?
¿es él? / ¿está él?
Is she?
¿es ella? / ¿está ella?
Is it?
¿es ello? / ¿está ello? (cosa / animal)
Are we?
¿somos nosotros? / ¿estamos nosotros?
Are they?
¿son ellos / ellas? / ¿están ellos / ellas?
NOTA: En inglés, el signo de interrogación aparece sólo al final de la frase.
En inglés es muy usual responder con formas cortas para evitar repetir todo cada vez que se
responde. En estas respuestas cortas usamos el sujeto y el auxiliar, usado en negativa o en
afirmativa dependiendo de la frase.
P. ej.: Are you married?
Yes, I am / No, I am not.
Is this Susan?
Yes, it is / No, it is not.
Pronombres interrogativos
What? ¿Qué?
Where? ¿Dónde?
When? ¿Cuándo?
How? ¿Cómo?
Who? ¿Quién?
Why? ¿Por qué?
Which? ¿Cuál?
Whose? ¿De quién?
Estos pronombres se colocan al principio de las frases interrogativas. Cada uno de ellos se
refiere a diferentes cosas:
1.-What? Se utiliza para referirse a cosas.
P. ej.: What is this?
¿Qué es esto?
2.-Where? Se utiliza para referirse a lugares.
P. ej.: Where is the chair?
¿Dónde está la silla?
3.-When? Se utiliza para referirse a tiempo.
P. ej.: When is the party?
¿Cuándo es la fiesta?
4.-How? Se utiliza para referirse a los medios, el modo o el grado.
P. ej.: How do you say that?
¿Cómo se dice eso?
5.-Who? Se utiliza para referirse a personas.
P. ej.: Who is she?
¿Quién es ella?
6.-Why? Se utiliza para referirse a causa o finalidad.
P. ej.: Why are you there?
¿Por qué estás allí?
7.-Which? Se utiliza para referirse a personas o cosas cuando se trata de un número

delimitado.
P. ej.: Which chair do you want?
¿Qué silla quieres? (cuál de ellas)
8.-Whose? Se utiliza para referirse a posesión.
P. ej.: Whose is this?
¿De quién es esto?
As time goes by
VOCABULARY
Fall / autumn Otoño
Spring Primavera
Summer Verano
Winter Invierno
Monday Lunes
Tuesday Martes
Wednesday Miércoles
Thursday Jueves
Friday Viernes
Saturday Sábado
Sunday Domingo
January Enero
February Febrero
March Marzo
April Abril
May Mayo
June Junio
July Julio
August Agosto
September Septiembre
October Octubre
November Noviembre
December Diciembre
DAYS, MONTHS AND SEASONS - SENTENCES

Today is Monday. Hoy es lunes.
Today is Tuesday. Hoy es martes.
Today is Wednesday. Hoy es miércoles.
Today is Thursday. Hoy es jueves.
Today is Friday. Hoy es viernes.
Today is Saturday. Hoy es sábado.
Today is Sunday. Hoy es domingo.
It is fall. Es otoño.
It is winter. Es invierno.
It is summer. Es verano.
It is spring. Es primavera.
As time goes by
This is a bad line.

Thank you for calling the Shoe Store. Our timetable is from Monday to Saturday from 8:00
to 6:00. Please, leave your message after the sound.
The line is busy.
All of our operators are busy at this time. Please, stay on the line.
I have called the wrong number.
Talking about themselves / What they do / On Tuesdays
VOCABULARY
A little Un poco
A lot of Mucho / a / os / as
After Después
Apartment Piso
Appointment Cita
At home En casa
At night Por la noche
Beach Playa
Bed Cama
Before Antes
Breakfast Desayuno
Car Coche
Cat Gato
Coin Moneda
Dinner Cena
Early Temprano
Excuse me Perdone, por favor
Fast Rápido
Food Comida
Home Hogar, casa
Horse Caballo
Hospital Hospital
Housewife Ama de casa
Lunch Comida de mediodía
Meeting Encuentro, reunión
Money Dinero
Park Parque
Seat Asiento
Slow Lento
Theater Teatro
Themselves Ellos mismos
To be hungry Estar hambriento
To be Ser, estar
To come Venir
To go Ir
To have Tener
To like Gustar
To live Vivir
To make Hacer
To read Leer
To run Correr
To speak Hablar (más formal)
To talk Hablar, contar (más informal)
To visit Visitar
To wake up Despertarse
To work Trabajar
Waitress Camarera
With Con
The food is Spanish. La comida es española.
It's breakfast time. Es la hora del desayuno.
It's lunchtime. Es la hora de la comida (del mediodía).
It's dinner time. Es la hora de la cena.
The money is on the table. El dinero está encima de la mesa.
It's an American coin. Es una moneda americana.
Excuse me? Waitress? ¿Disculpe? ¿Camarera?
My mother is a housewife. Mi madre es ama de casa.
The car is German. El coche es alemán.
He didn't look very smart before. Él no iba muy bien vestido antes.
That cat is very old. Ese gato es muy viejo.
They have got a very modern home. Tienen una casa muy moderna.
The brown horse is eating. El caballo marrón está comiendo.
We can have a picnic in the park. Podemos hacer un picnic en el parque.
I really like going to the theater. Me gusta mucho ir al teatro.
He comes to work on foot. Él viene al trabajo a pie.
I have to go now. See you later. Me tengo que ir ahora. Hasta luego.
She put on some new clothes after the Se puso ropa nueva después de ducharse.
shower.
The hospital isn't far from here. El hospital no está lejos de aquí.
I have two books. Tengo dos libros.
I like these cookies. Me gustan estas galletas.
My friends live in that apartment. Mis amigos viven en ese piso.
I make models in my free time. Hago maquetas en mi tiempo libre.
I read the newspaper at home. Leo el periódico en casa.
Do you run on the beach every day? ¿Corres por la playa todos los días?
You can speak now. Ahora puedes hablar.
They sat on the sofa to talk. Se sentaron en el sofá para hablar.
We want to visit some historical towns. Queremos visitar algunas ciudades
históricas.
Wake up! It's time for breakfast. ¡Despierta! Es hora de desayunar.
I work as a mechanic. Trabajo de mecánico.
Cheetahs are fast. Los guepardos son rápidos.
A tortoise is slow. Una tortuga es lenta.
The apartment is beautiful. El piso es bonito.
He is in bed. Él está en la cama.
They are in a meeting. Ellos están en una reunión.
She is at the beach. Ella está en la playa.
We are hungry. Nosotros tenemos hambre / estamos
hambrientos.
The family is at home. La familia está en casa.
Good afternoon. Buenas tardes.
I have an appointment at two Tengo una cita a las dos en punto.
o'clock.
Is this your seat? ¿Este es tu sitio?

Excuse me? ¿Cómo? / ¿Perdón?
We have coffee every day at four. Nosotros tomamos café todos los días a las
4:00.
We watch TV every day at four Nosotros vemos la televisión todos los días a las
thirty. 4:30.
We watch television after we have Nosotros vemos la televisión después de tomar
coffee. café.
He goes to bed early. Él se acuesta temprano.
He goes to bed at six o'clock. Él se acuesta a las seis en punto.
It is eight o'clock. You are early. Son las ocho en punto. Tú llegas temprano.
GRAMMAR
Present simple: affirmative form

El presente simple se usa para hablar de cosas que se hacen habitualmente, con cierta
frecuencia. Se forma con el sujeto más el infinitivo sin to.
To eat (comer):
I eat yo como
you eat tú comes, Ud. come,
Uds. comen, vosotros comeis
he eats él come
she eats ella come
it eats ello (cosa / animal) come
we eat nosotros comemos
they eat ellos, ellas comen
Los verbos en el presente simple sólo cambian en la tercera persona singular añadiendo, en
estos casos, una -s.
to make he makes
to read he reads
to eat he eats
Los verbos acabados en -s, -x, -sh, -ch, o en -o añaden -es en lugar de -s.
to watch he watches
to go he go es
to mix he mixes
to do he do es
Los verbos acabados en -y:
a) Si la -y va precedida de vocal se le añade -s como siempre.
P. ej.: to play he plays
b) Si la -y va precedida de consonante cambia a -i antes de añadir -es.
P. ej.: to stu dy he studies
Números 0-30
zero 0
one 1
two 2
three 3
four 4
five 5
six 6
seven 7
eight 8
nine 9
ten 10
eleven 11
twelve 12
thirteen 13
fourteen 14
fifteen 15
sixteen 16
seventeen 17
eighteen 18
nineteen 19
twenty 20
twenty-one 21
twenty-two 22
twenty-three 23
twenty-four 24
twenty-five 25
twenty-six 26
twenty-seven 27
twenty-eight 28
twenty-nine 29
thirty 30
Helping at home
NUMBERS 40-100
forty 40
fifty 50
sixty 60
seventy 70
eighty 80
ninety 90
one / a hundred 100
With numbers between 21 and 99 when the second digit is not zero, we write the number as two
words separated by a hyphen.
forty-eight 48
seventy-two 72
ninety-eight 98
PRESENT SIMPLE: AFFIRMATIVE

We use the present simple to talk about habits, permanent situations or general truths. Most
verbs have two forms in the present simple which are based on the infinitive:
infinitive to eat
I / you / we / they eat
he / she / it eats
For the third person singular of most verbs, we just add -s to the infinitive:
to make he makes
to read she reads
to eat it eats
For verbs ending in -s, -x, -sh, or -ch, we add -es:
to watch he watches
to go it goes
to mix she mixes
to wash he washes
Verbs ending in consonant + -y, we remove the -y and add -ies:
to study he studies
Helping at home
to reply she replies

Some verbs are irregular:
to have she has
to do it does
to be he is
PRESENT SIMPLE: NEGATIVE

To make the negative form of most verbs in the present simple, we use "do" or "does" + "not" +
infinitive (without "to")
I / you / we / they do
not eat
he / she / it does
It's very common in spoken and informal written English to combine "do / does" with "not" to
make a short form:
I / you / we / they don't
eat
he / she / it doesn't
It's possible to add other complements to this structure:
We don't eat meat on Sundays.
She doesn't usually eat a lot.
I don't always eat lunch at work.
Helping at home
QUANTIFIERS: 'SOME' AND 'ANY'

We can use "some" and "any" to refer to a quantity or number of something that is indefinite.
These quantifiers are used when it's not necessary, not easy, or not important to say exactly
how much or how many.
There are some cookies. (It's not necessary to say the exact number of cookies.)
Is there any milk? (It doesn't matter how much milk there is. The speaker just expects a "yes" or
"no" answer.)
"Some" is used in affirmative sentences, and interrogative sentences when we expect the
answer to be affirmative:
There is some milk in the fridge.
You have some friends.
Would you like some cookies? (Speaker expects the listener to say "yes".)
"Any" is used in negative and interrogative sentences:
There isn’t any sugar in the cupboard. (Zero quantity)
Are there any oranges on the table? (The speaker doesn't know the answer, or expects a negative
answer.)
I don’t have any brothers.
We can also use "no" in positive sentences to refer to zero quantity of something:
There are no cookies. (= There aren't any cookies.)
There is no milk. (= There isn't any milk.)
Helping at home
'THERE IS' / 'THERE ARE'

We can use the structure "there" + "to be" to say that something exists or is present:
singular There is a book.

Affirmative
plural There are some books.
singular There is not / isn't a book.
Negative
plural There are not / aren't any books.
singular Is there a book?
Interrogative
plural Are there any books?
Yes, there is.
singular
No, there is not / isn't.
Short answer
Yes, there are.
plural
No, there are not / aren't.
● READ AND ANSWER "TRUE" OR "FALSE"

Read the text and say if these statements are "true" or "false".
Example: Bill and Bob's Steak House is an old restaurant. False
1 A NEW STEAK HOUSE OPENS IN TOWN
There is a new restaurant in town, "Bill and Bob's Steak House". The restaurant is in the
High Street. "B&B Steak House" serves thirty international dishes. English fish and chips
and Greek salad are on the menu, but their specialty is, of course, steak and chips. The
owners are Bill Dakota and Bob Samper. They are from America, but they live in
England. They have seven restaurants in England, Scotland and Wales.
Bill Dakota is a very good chef. He is famous in the United States for his Texas ham
omelets. We want to know "Do you like to cook, Bill?" "I like to cook, but it is a lot of
work. I start the day at five thirty in the morning and I don't go home until ten o'clock in
the evening. I am in the kitchen all day."
Yes, we can see that they work a lot. The food is excellent and the restaurant is beautiful.
2 Bill and Bob's Steak House is an old restaurant.
True
False
Helping at home
3 The restaurant doesn't serve fish.
True
False
4 Dakota is Bill's last name.
True
False
5 Bill and Bob are from the United States.
True
False
6 They live in America.
True
False
7 They don't have any restaurants in England.
True
False
8 Bob is the chef.
True
False
9 Bill is famous for his burgers.
True
False
Helping at home
10 Bill likes to cook.
True
False
11 Bill goes home at ten o'clock.
True
False
12 The restaurant is not beautiful.
True
False
● LISTEN AND WRITE

Listen and fill in the gaps.
Example: Eggs
1
Helping at home
● PRESENT SIMPLE: EXERCISE

Fill in the gaps.
Example: She drinks a lot of water.
1
She a lot of water. She is always very thirsty.
2
Do you with washing the dishes?
3
We like meat, but we eat fish.
4
My husband makes on Saturday mornings.
5
The prepares the food and the waiter prepares the drinks.
6
Sorry, I don't . What does that mean?
7
Americans a lot of burgers.
8
My wife has our credit . She is shopping.
9
Are you ?
Yes, let's eat.
● CHOOSE AN OPTION
Fill in the gaps with the words from the list.
Example: Where is the tourist information?
1
are / hundred / Is / isn't / kitchen / menu / midnight / newspapers / There / twenty-four /
week / Where is the tourist information?
It is next to the bank.

2
Twelve o'clock at night is are / hundred / Is / isn't / kitchen / menu / midnight /
newspapers / There / twenty-four / week / Where .
Helping at home
3
week / Where are seven days in a are / hundred / Is / isn't / kitchen / menu / midnight /
newspapers / There / twenty-four / week / Where and twenty-eight to thirty-one days in a
month.
4
There are / hundred / Is / isn't / kitchen / menu / midnight / newspapers / There /
twenty-four / week / Where one are / hundred / Is / isn't / kitchen / menu / midnight /
newspapers / There / twenty-four / week / Where cents in one dollar.
5
week / Where there any food in the are / hundred / Is / isn't / kitchen / menu / midnight /
newspapers / There / twenty-four / week / Where ?
No, we have to go to the grocery store.

6
There are are / hundred / Is / isn't / kitchen / menu / midnight / newspapers / There /
twenty-four / week / Where hours in a day and sixty minutes in an hour.
7
There are / hundred / Is / isn't / kitchen / menu / midnight / newspapers / There /
twenty-four / week / Where any French food on the are / hundred / Is / isn't / kitchen /
menu / midnight / newspapers / There / twenty-four / week / Where . This is a Mexican
restaurant.
8
There are four are / hundred / Is / isn't / kitchen / menu / midnight / newspapers / There
/ twenty-four / week / Where in New York City:
The New York Times, The Daily News, The New York Post and The Wall Street Journal.
Home sweet home - Reading comprehension
● HOME SWEET HOME

Read and listen to the text. After that, you will be asked to answer a series of questions.
Home sweet home
The houses in the United Kingdom usually have two floors - we say 'upstairs' and 'downstairs'.
The kitchen, lounge and dining room are often downstairs. The bedrooms and bathroom are
usually upstairs.
A bungalow is a house with one floor. A detached house is independent. There are terraced
houses which are in a long line. It is common to have a garden in front of or behind the house.
People have flowers or vegetables in their gardens. In the summer people often cook on a
barbecue in the garden. They invite friends and family and eat in the garden.
In the cities it is difficult to buy a house. They are very expensive but don't usually have a
garden. In the cities people sometimes live in a flat.
If you don't want to buy a house or flat, you can rent one. Rent is when you pay money to the
person who owns the house where you live. People like to live near where they work and have
friends or family.
● COMPREHENSION CHECK
Read the text and choose the correct answer for each question (A, B or C).
1 Home sweet home
The houses in the United Kingdom usually have two floors - we say 'upstairs' and
'downstairs'. The kitchen, lounge and dining room are often downstairs. The bedrooms
and bathroom are usually upstairs.
A bungalow is a house with one floor. A detached house is independent. There are
terraced houses which are in a long line. It is common to have a garden in front of or
behind the house. People have flowers or vegetables in their gardens. In the summer
people often cook on a barbecue in the garden. They invite friends and family and eat in
the garden.
In the cities it is difficult to buy a house. They are very expensive but don't usually have a
garden. In the cities people sometimes live in a flat.
If you don't want to buy a house or flat, you can rent one. Rent is when you pay money to
the person who owns the house where you live. People like to live near where they work
and have friends or family.
2 Houses in the UK normally have...

A. 3 floors
B. 2 floors
C. 12 floors
3 In a typical house in the UK, downstairs we find...

A. The kitchen and bathroom
B. The dining room, bedroom and lounge
C. The dining room, lounge and kitchen
4 Bungalows have...
A. 2 floors
B. 1 floor
C. First floor
5 According to the text, there are three types of typical British houses...
A. Bungalows, terraced houses and detached houses
B. Houses, bungalows and detached houses
C. Flats, terraced houses and detached houses
6 Detached houses are...
A. Besides other houses
B. Separated from the rest of the houses
C. In a long line
7 Normally, British houses have a garden...
A. In front and behind the house
B. Behind the house
C. In front of the house
8 In the cities, houses...

A. Do not exist
B. Don't cost a lot of money
C. Usually cost a lot of money
9 Flats are often located in...
A. Cities
B. Gardens
C. The countryside
10 'To rent' means:
A. To pay an amount of money to the owner of the house every month.
B. To pay an amount of money every month to become the owner of the house.
C. To live near where you work and have friends.
Shopping out of town
VOCABULARY
Cash Dinero en efectivo
Check Cheque
Credit card Tarjeta de crédito o débito
Portugal Portugal
Spain España
France Francia
Ireland Irlanda
Scotland Escocia
England Inglaterra
Wales Gales
Switzerland Suiza
Italy Italia
Norway Noruega
Sweden Suecia
Germany Alemania
Russia Rusia
China China
Pakistan Pakistán
India India
Turkey Turquía
Japan Japón
The Philippines Filipinas
Canada Canadá
The United States Estados Unidos
Mexico Méjico
Colombia Colombia
Peru Perú
Bolivia Bolivia
Brazil Brasil
Argentina Argentina
Portuguese Portugués/a
Spanish Español/a
French Francés/a
Swiss Suizo/a
Italian Italiano/a
German Alemán/a
Swedish Sueco/a
Norwegian Noruego/a
Irish Irlandés/a
Scottish Escocés/a
English Inglés/a
Welsh Galés/a
Russian Ruso/a
Filipino Filipino/a
Chinese Chino/a
Japanese Japonés/a
Indian Indio/a
Pakistani Pakistaní
Turkish Turco/a
Canadian Canadiense
American Americano/a
Mexican Mejicano/a
Colombian Colombiano/a
Peruvian Peruano/a
Brazilian Brasileño/a
Argentinean Argentino/a
Bolivian Boliviano/a
THE TIME - SENTENCES

What time is it? ¿Qué hora es?
It's twelve o'clock. Son las doce en punto.
It's eight thirty. Son las ocho y media.
It's nine fifteen. Son las nueve y cuarto.
It's a quarter to ten. Son las diez menos cuarto.
It's eleven o'clock. Son las once en punto.
It's a quarter past one. Es la una una y cuarto.
THE TIME - TIME I
It's one o'clock.

It's two o'clock.
It's three o'clock.
It's four o'clock.
It's five o'clock.
It's six o'clock.
It's seven o'clock.
It's eight o'clock.
It's nine o'clock.
It's ten o'clock.
THE TIME - TIME II
It's one fifteen.

It's two fifteen.
It's three fifteen.
It's four fifteen.
It's five fifteen.
It's six fifteen.
It's seven fifteen.
It's eight fifteen.
It's ten fifteen.
It's eleven fifteen.
It's twelve fifteen.
THE TIME - TIME III
It's one thirty.

It's two thirty.
It's three thirty.
It's four thirty.
It's five thirty.
It's six thirty.
It's seven thirty.
It's nine thirty.
It's ten thirty.
It's eleven thirty.
It's twelve thirty.
THE TIME - TIME IV
It's twelve forty-five.

It's one forty-five.
It's two forty-five.
It's three forty-five.
It's four forty-five.
It's five forty-five.
It's six forty-five.
It's seven forty-five.
It's eight forty-five.
It's nine forty-five.
It's ten forty-five.
It's eleven forty-five.
I am from Germany. I am German.

I am from China. I am Chinese.
I am from India. I am Indian.
We are from Switzerland. We are Swiss.
I am from Japan. I am Japanese.
I am from Spain. I am Spanish.
We are from France. We are French.
I am from England. I am English.
It's five to four.
It's twelve thirty-five.
It's eight ten.
It's seven forty.
It's ten to one.
It's ten to ten.
On the go
VOCABULARY
City Hall Ayuntamiento
Clothes store Tienda de ropa
Drugstore Farmacia
Go past Pase
Go straight ahead Siga recto
Grocery store Supermercado
Jewelry store Joyería
On the left A la izquierda.
On the right A la derecha.
Optician's Óptica
Park Parque
Real estate agency Agente inmobiliario / inmobiliaria
Restaurant Restaurante
School Escuela, colegio, instituto
Shoe store Zapatería
Turn left Gire a la izquierda.
Turn right Gire a la derecha
Next to Al lado de
Across Enfrente de
Between Entre
In En, dentro de
Behind Detrás de
Near Cerca de (pero no al lado)
On En, sobre, encima de (tocando)
Above Sobre, encima de, por encima de (sin tocar)
Over Sobre, por encima de (moviéndose)
Under Bajo, debajo de, abajo de (tocando)
Below Debajo de, abajo de, por debajo de (sin tocar)
On the go
DIRECTIONS IN THE CITY III

Go straight ahead. Siga recto.
Turn left. Gire a la izquierda.
Turn right. Gire a la derecha.
On the left. A la izquierda.
On the right. A la derecha.
Go past. Pase.
PLACE AND MOVEMENT - SENTENCES

She is going up the escalator. Ella sube / está subiendo la escalera mecánica.
He is going down the escalator. Él baja / está bajando la escalera mecánica.
He is going to the grocery store. Él va / está yendo al supermercado.
He is going into the shoe store. Él entra / está entrando en la tienda de zapatos.
She is going through the park. Ella atraviesa / está atravesando el parque.
He is going along the shopping Él va / está yendo a lo largo del centro comercial.
mall.
He is going past the clothes Él pasa / está pasando por delante de la tienda de
store. ropa.
He is going around the corner. Él da / está dando la vuelta alrededor de la
esquina.
He is going over the bridge. Él va / está yendo sobre el puente.
He is going over the bridge.

He is going past the clothes store.
She is going up the escalator.
He is going into the shoe store.
He is going along the shopping mall.
On the go
GRAMMAR
Preposiciones de movimiento
En inglés hay muchas preposiciones que, dependiendo de las frases en que se encuentren,
tendrán un significado u otro.
Las siguientes preposiciones van acompañando a verbos que denotan movimiento, por lo
tanto son consideradas preposiciones de movimiento.
En este caso hemos utilizado como verbo de movimiento el más evidente, es decir, el verbo “ to
go”, “ir”.
to go up subir, ir hacia arriba
to go down bajar, ir hacia abajo
to go past pasar (sin detenerse)
to go under ir debajo de
to go around ir alrededor de
to go through ir a través de
to go over ir por encima de
Aunque el verbo que nos encontremos sea otro, el significado conjunto se puede deducir a
partir de las preposiciones; así pues, las ideas básicas que conllevan estas preposiciones son:
Preposición Idea que Ejemplo

transmite
Go up the hill.
UP arriba
(Sube la colina.)
Go down the hill.
DOWN idea de bajar
(Baja la colina.)
Go past the hotel.
por delante
PAST (Pasa por delante del
de
hotel.)
Go under the bridge.
UNDER por debajo de (Pasa por debajo del
puente.)
Go around the
AROUND alrededor de roundabout.
(Rodea la rotonda.)
Go through the tunnel.
THROUGH a través de
(Atraviesa el túnel.)
On the go
Go over the bridge.

OVER por encima de (Pasa por encima del
puente.)
A continuación presentamos otras preposiciones que acompañan a verbos de movimiento:
Preposición Idea que Ejemplo

transmite
Go from Ely to Eagle.
FROM desde (Ve desde Ely hasta
Eagle.)
Walk to the house.
TO hacia (Camina hacia la
casa.)
Walk toward the
house.
TOWARD hacia
(Camina hacia la
casa.)
Go into the store.
INTO hacia dentro (Entra en la tienda.)
Come out of the store.

OUT hacia fuera
(Sal de la tienda.)
Go across the park.
ACROSS a lo largo de
(Cruza el parque.)
Jump off the horse.
OFF fuera
(Salta del caballo.)
Using public transport
● VOCABULARY WARM-UP
Listen, repeat and write.
Taxi stand
Bus station
Subway
Airport
Train station
Port
● MATCHING PICTURES AND SENTENCES

Listen to the sentences containing the vocabulary you have just learnt and click on the
corresponding photo. Then repeat.
Oh good! There are taxis at the taxi stand. We can take one.
I work here, at the bus station.
The subway is always on time.
The airport is next to the river.
We are at the central train station but we can't see our train.
The port is a nice place to have lunch.
Arrivals
Departures
Information desk
Bus schedule
Ticket office
Ticket machine
● MATCHING PICTURES AND SENTENCES

Listen to the sentences containing the vocabulary you have just learnt and click on the
corresponding photo. Then repeat.
Where are you?
I am waiting at arrivals for your bus.
There are always a lot of people at departures. It's a busy station.
There's my brother. He's at the information desk asking a question.
I don't understand this bus schedule. Can you help?
Here's the ticket office. You can buy all your tickets here.
The ticket machines are easy to use and you can pay with credit card or cash.
● VOCABULARY EXERCISE
Listen and click on the corresponding photo.
Taxi stand
Bus station
Subway
Airport
Train station
Port
● PUT IN ORDER TO MAKE A SENTENCE

Make sentences by clicking on the words in the correct order.
Manchester / go / have / to / take / which / to / I / bus / Avenue / do / to ?
take / please / to / can / me / you / Main / Street, ?
is / how / the / much / taxi / fare ?
exact / you / do / have / the / fare ?
stop / at / Avenue / does / bus / this / Manchester ?
go / it / to / here / the / from / does / how / to / airport / take / long ?
to / Street / can / train / go / station / to / a / you / taxi / get / Main / from / the .
● VOCABULARY PRACTICE
Practice the words you have learned and mark the ones you have memorized.
Taxi stand
Bus station
Subway
Airport
Train station
Port
Arrivals
Departures
Information desk
Bus schedule
Ticket office
Ticket machine
In a taxi or on a bus?
PRESENT CONTINUOUS
To form the present continuous (also called the present progressive) we use the present
conjugated form of “to be” followed by the main verb in its "-ing" form.
Subject to be -ing verb
I am swimming
you / we / they are swimming
he / she / it is swimming
We can use the present continuous to talk about:
• Things that are happening at the moment
Look! It's snowing!
• Temporary situations
I can't talk now. I'm having lunch.
• Temporary habits or new habits
I'm taking yoga classes.
• Annoying habits
The neighbours' dog is always barking.
• future plans
I'm having dinner with my friends tomorrow.
• Slowly-changing situations
The climate is getting warmer.
Affirmative Negative Interrogative Short answer
Yes, I am
I am eating I am not eating am I eating?
No, I'm not
Yes, you / we / they
you / we / they are you / we / they are not are you / we / they are
eating eating eating? No, you / we / they
aren't
Yes, he / she / it is
he / she / it is eating he / she / it is not eating is he / she / it eating?
No, he / she / it isn't
Present participles - Spelling

For most verbs, we add "-ing" to the infinitive:
to look looking
to go going
For verbs ending in "-e", the "-e" is removed:
to hope hoping
to have having
For verbs ending in consonant + vowel + consonant, we usually double the final consonant:
to stop stopping
to run running
to swim swimming
to sit sitting
to dig digging
to add adding
There are exceptions, however. For example, in American English, "traveling" is preferred. In
British English, "travelling" is preferred.
For verbs ending in "c", we add "k’":
to panic panicking
to traffic trafficking
Steering wheel
Door
Taximeter
Passenger
Cab driver
Rear-view mirror
● SENTENCES
Listen and repeat.
To stop a cab.
To get into a cab.
To fasten the seat belt.
To pay the taxi fare.
To lock the door.
To get out of a cab.
● SENTENCES
Listen and repeat.
I need a cab.
Taxi!
Can you wait here, please?
I'd like a receipt, please.
Excuse me, are you available?
Please, stop here!
Bus map
One-way ticket
Round-trip ticket
Transit pass
To expire
● SENTENCES
Listen and repeat.
Susan is getting on the bus.
Excuse me, is this seat free?
Bus number twenty-seven stops at Main Street.
Susan is getting off the bus.
● IN A TAXI: VOCABULARY EXERCISE

I need a cab.
Taxi!
Excuse me, are you available?
Can you wait here, please?
I'd like a receipt, please.
Please, stop here!
● IN A TAXI: PUT IN ORDER

Put the sentences in the correct order. Click on the sentence and then click on the position you
want to move it to. To check your answers click on "OK" once you have finished.
Good morning, sir, where to?
We can go along Manchester Avenue and turn right onto Main Street. The train station is
on the left.
Alright, sir. No problem. Buckle your seat belt.
And how long will it take?
I'd like to go to the train station, please.
No more than ten minutes.
What is the shortest way to go to the train station?
Can I have the receipt?
There you go. You can keep the change. Bye!
Hurry up! Hurry up!
Twenty-five dollars, please.
Yes, sir.
We've arrived.
How much is the taxi fare?
● IN A TAXI: COMPLETE THE SENTENCES

Fill in the gaps.
1
To a cab.
2
To the door.
3
To a cab.
4
To the seat belt.
5
To of a cab.
6
To the taxi fare.
● ON A BUS: VOCABULARY EXERCISE

Susan is getting on the bus.
Excuse me, is this seat free?
Bus number twenty-seven stops at Main Street.
I'd like a one-way ticket, please.
Tickets, please!
Susan is getting off the bus.
● ON A BUS: PUT IN ORDER TO MAKE A SENTENCE

Make sentences by clicking on the words in the correct order.
to / bus / does / this / the / go / airport ?
me, / this / is / seat / free / excuse ?
like / ticket, / please / one-way / a / I'd .
at / station / number / seventy / stops / bus / the / train .
stop / the / next / bus / at / you / have / get / off / to .
● ON A BUS: ASSOCIATE SENTENCES I

Match the sentences from each column by clicking on them.
Excuse me. Does this bus stop at Buses thirty-nine, forty and forty-
Main Street? one.
Excuse me. Which bus do I have to No, I'm sorry Madam. You have to
take to go to the train station? take bus number thirty-eight.
You have to take bus number forty-
Excuse me. Which buses stop here?
one.
● ON A BUS: ASSOCIATE SENTENCES II

Match the sentences from each column by clicking on them.
Excuse me. Is this seat free? It's one dollar.

Excuse me. When do I have to get off to go to
Oh, yes.
the train station?
You have to get off at the
How much is the bus fare?
third stop.
● ON A BUS: CHOOSE AN OPTION

Look at the picture and choose the correct option.
1 Excuse me, when do I have to to go to the airport?
get off
have
How much
one-way ticket
stop
take
2 Does this bus at Main Street?
get off
have
How much
one-way ticket
stop
take
3 Excuse me, which bus do I have to to go to the train station?
get off
have
How much
one-way ticket
stop
take
4 is the bus fare?
get off
have
How much
one-way ticket
stop
take
5 I'd like a , please.
get off
have
How much
one-way ticket
stop
take
● VOCABULARY PRACTICE
Practice the words you have learned and mark the ones you have memorized.
Steering wheel
Door
Taximeter
Passenger
Cab driver
Rear-view mirror
To need
Taxi!
To wait
Receipt
Available
Stop!
Seat belt
To pay
To lock
To get out
Bus map
One-way ticket
Round-trip ticket
Transit pass
To get on
To get off
To expire
Work duties
PRESENT SIMPLE: AFFIRMATIVE

We use the present simple to talk about habits, permanent situations or general truths. Most
verbs have two forms in the present simple which are based on the infinitive:
infinitive to eat
I / you / we / they eat
he / she / it eats
For the third person singular of most verbs, we just add -s to the infinitive:
to make he makes
to read she reads
to eat it eats
For verbs ending in -s, -x, -sh, or -ch, we add -es:
to watch he watches
to go it goes
to mix she mixes
to wash he washes
Verbs ending in consonant + -y, we remove the -y and add -ies:

to study he studies
to reply she replies
Some verbs are irregular:
to have she has
to do it does
to be he is
Work duties
'TO BE': AFFIRMATIVE

Look at the table below for the simple present affirmative forms of the verb "to be":
Subject "to be"

I am
you / we / they are
he / she / it is
Examples:
You are American.
I am 36 years old.
Her name is Alice.
Everybody is here. (NOT Everybody are here.)
'TO BE': SHORT FORM

In spoken and informal written English, it's common to combine the subject and the verb "to
be" to make a short form:
Long form Short form

I am I'm
you / we / they are you 're / we're / they're
he / she / it is he's / she's / it's
Examples:
I'm hungry.
It's six o'clock.
We're from Spain.
Work duties
● DUB THE CHARACTERS 1

You will watch and listen to the video again. Dub the video and record your own voice. You
can disable characters by clicking on their pictures.
The typical American housewife.
Excuse me.
Yes, good morning.
Good morning.
Do you have a moment for a short interview?
Yes, of course.
● DIALOGUE UNDERSTANDING
Listen to the dialogue and fill in the gaps with the information.
Example: No, it isn't the afternoon, it is morning.
1 Is it afternoon?
No, it isn't afternoon, it .

2 Does he want to speak for a long time?
No, he doesn't. It is just a .

What do you do?
I am a housewife.
What do you do during the day?
Well, I wake up at seven thirty.
I make breakfast for my family. We eat at eight.
I take my children to school.
Work duties
Listen to the dialogue and fill in the gaps with the information. Do not write digits.
Example:
Is she a journalist?
No, she isn't a journalist, she is a housewife.
1 Is she a journalist?
No, she isn't a journalist, .

2 When does a typical American housewife wake up?
She wakes up at in the morning.

3 When does an American family eat breakfast?
They eat o'clock.

4 Does she take her children to school?
Yes, to school.

When does your husband leave the house?
At a quarter to nine.
When do your children start school?
School starts at nine o'clock.
What do you do after that?
I usually go home and clean the house.
I watch my favorite talk show on TV.
Work duties
Listen to the dialogue and fill in the gaps with the information. Do not write digits.
1 What time does her husband leave the house?
.
2 What does she watch?
TV.

What do you do in the afternoon?
I usually go to the grocery store.
I go to French class at one thirty.
I go to aerobics.
When do the children finish school?
They arrive home at three twenty.
I play with the children.
I help them with their homework.
And then?
At five o'clock I cook dinner.
We eat when my husband comes home at six.
Work duties
Listen to the dialogue and fill in the gaps with the information.
1 When does she go to the grocery store?
She goes .
2 Does she study Portuguese?
No, [she studies French|she goes to French class||she goes to French class at one thirty].
3 What does she help the children with?
with their homework.

4 When do they usually eat dinner?
dinner at six o'clock.
● COMPLETE THE SENTENCES

Fill in the gaps.
Example: it is a quarter to nine. Let's go to the restaurant.
1
It eight forty-five. Let's go to the restaurant.
2
Are you to go?
3
He Canadian. He lives in Toronto.
4
My father engineer. He works for a construction company.
Work duties
Example: The menu is on the table.
1 The is on the table. Let's order some food.
boring
Italian
menu
music
2 Spaghetti is , but paella is Spanish.
boring
Italian
menu
music
3 The is loud!
boring
Italian
menu
music
4 The book is . I don't want to read it.
boring
Italian
menu
music
Work duties

Fill in the gaps.
Example: The teacher is Scottish. He is from Glasgow.
1
The teacher Scottish. He is from Glasgow.
2
Tim on vacation. He is at the beach.
3
The is Chilean. He is Santiago de Chile.
4
The is Swiss. It' delicious.
1 Do you like the ?
arrives
chicken
family
love
Yes, I like it a lot.

2 My is from Portugal. We are from Lisbon.
arrives
chicken
family
love
3 The train at six thirty.
arrives
chicken
family
love
Work duties
4 I photography.
arrives
chicken
family
love

Fill in the gaps. Do not write digits.
1
My is American. It's a laptop.
2
It is . Let's have lunch.
3
Today is Friday. Tomorrow is .
1 She to cook dinner at five o'clock.
cooks
speak
starts
2 Bill excellent omelets.
cooks
speak
starts
Work duties
3 Does the secretary German?
cooks
speak
starts
No, she doesn't.
An appointment with the mayor / Day-to-day of a mayor / Tell us about your day
VOCABULARY
Assistant Ayudante
Daily A diario
Day-to-day El día a día
File Archivo
Glass Vaso
Goodbye Adiós
Grass Hierba, césped
Grocery store Supermercado
Half Mitad, medio, a la mitad
Homework Deberes, tareas
In En, dentro de
Kitchen Cocina (cuarto)
Let's go! ¡Vamos!
Loud Fuerte (sonidos)
Midnight Medianoche
Moment Momento
Noon Mediodía
People Gente
Person Persona
Public Público
Routine Rutina
Schedule Horario
See you later Hasta luego
Sometimes A veces, algunas veces
Talk show Programa de entrevistas
Tired Cansado
To arrive Llegar
To board Subir al avión, embarcar
To buy Comprar
To call Llamar
To clean Limpiar
To cook Cocinar
To do the dishes Fregar los platos
To eat Comer
To go to bed Acostarse
To look at Mirar
To look up Mirar hacia arriba
To mean Querer decir / significar
To phone Telefonear
To prepare Preparar
To sit down Sentarse
To sleep Dormir
To start Empezar, comenzar
To teach Enseñar
To tell Contar, decir
To watch Mirar
Town Ciudad / pueblo
Traffic sign Señal de tráfico
TV La televisión
Typical Típico
Up Arriba
Usually Normalmente
Week Semana
I look at the clock. Yo miro el reloj.
Look up! ¡Mira hacia arriba!
Emily goes to bed at midnight. Emily se acuesta a medianoche.
She sleeps eight hours a day. Ella duerme ocho horas al día.
This is a person. Esto es una persona.
They are people. Ellos son gente.
A week has seven days. It has seven Una semana tiene siete días. Tiene siete días.
days.
There is a lot of food in a grocery Hay mucha comida en un supermercado.
store.
This is a glass of water. Esto es un vaso de agua.
We want to visit some historical Queremos visitar algunas ciudades históricas.
towns.
Put all your paper sheets in this blue Pon todas tus hojas de papel en este archivador
file. azul.
He's doing his homework at the Ahora está haciendo sus deberes.
moment.
The music is too loud. Turn it down, La música está demasiado alta. ¡Bájala, por
please! favor!
Midnight divides the end and the La medianoche divide el final y el principio del
beginning of the day. día.
Avoid going out at noon, around 12 Evita salir a la calle a mediodía, sobre las 12 en
o'clock in the daytime; it is too hot. punto de la mañana; hace demasiado calor.
We can watch our favorite movie on Podemos ver nuestra película favorita en la
TV. televisión.
Tonight they interview my favorite Esta noche entrevistan a mi actor favorito en un
actor in a talk show. programa de entrevistas.
They buy a lot of things in this store. Ellos compran muchas cosas en esta tienda.
I clean the table every day. Limpio la mesa todos los días.
It's a daily newspaper. I buy it every Es un periódico diario. Lo compro todas las
morning. mañanas.
Washing our faces is a day-to-day Lavarnos la cara es un hábito cotidiano
habit.
We brush our teeth as part of our Nos cepillamos los dientes como parte de
daily routine. nuestra rutina diaria.
I cook dinner on Mondays. Yo cocino la cena los lunes.
I eat my lunch at home. Me como el almuerzo en casa.
What do the pictures mean? ¿Qué significan las imágenes?
I phone my brother on the weekend. Llamé a mi hermano por teléfono el fin de
semana.
I can prepare you a coffee if you Si quieres, puedo prepararte un café.
want.
I teach young children. Enseño a niños pequeños.
You wash the dishes today. It's your Tú lavas los platos hoy. Es tu turno.
turn.
They watch the news on TV. Ellos ven las noticias en la televisión.
I have some good news to tell you. Tengo buenas noticias que contarte.
We can board the plane in ten Podemos embarcar al avión en diez minutos.
minutes.
One moment, please. Un momento, por favor.
He calls his sister every Sunday. Él llama a su hermana cada domingo.
He starts a book every week. Él empieza un libro cada semana.
I generally have lunch at two o'clock. Yo normalmente como a las 2 de la tarde.
She is my assistant. Ella es mi ayudante.
This is my schedule for the day. Éste es mi horario para el día.
I am tired. Yo estoy cansado.
They arrive home at six o'clock. Ellos llegan a casa a las seis en punto.
This is half a glass of water. Esto es medio vaso de agua.
After dinner they watch TV. Después de cenar, ellos ven la televisión.
We have an hour until the movie. Nosotros tenemos una hora hasta la película.
USEFUL PHRASES
Goodbye Matthew. Adiós, Matthew.
See you later, Paul. Hasta luego, Paul.
Please, sit down. Por favor, siéntese / siéntate.
Thank you. Gracias.

Alright, let's eat! Bien, ¡comamos!
Let's go! ¡Vamos!
My wife usually wakes up at half Mi esposa normalmente se despierta a las ocho
past eight. y media.
On Saturday she wakes up later. El sábado ella se despierta más tarde.
I usually eat lunch at home. Yo normalmente como en casa.
Sometimes I eat lunch at the office. A veces yo como en la oficina.
What's wrong, Tom? ¿Qué ocurre Tom?
I'm very tired. Yo estoy muy cansado.
GRAMMAR
Present simple: affirmative form

El presente simple se usa para hablar de cosas que se hacen habitualmente, con cierta
frecuencia. Se forma con el sujeto más el infinitivo sin to.
To eat (comer):
I eat yo como
you eat tú comes, Ud. come,
Uds. comen, vosotros comeis
he eats él come
she eats ella come
it eats ello (cosa / animal) come
we eat nosotros comemos
they eat ellos, ellas comen
Los verbos en el presente simple sólo cambian en la tercera persona singular añadiendo, en
estos casos, una -s.
to make he makes
to read he reads
to eat he eats
Los verbos acabados en -s, -x, -sh, -ch, o en -o añaden -es en lugar de -s.
to watch he watches
to go he go es
to mix he mixes
to do he do es
Los verbos acabados en -y:
a) Si la -y va precedida de vocal se le añade -s como siempre.
P. ej.: to play he plays
b) Si la -y va precedida de consonante cambia a -i antes de añadir -es.
P. ej.: to stu dy he studies
Artículos determinados e indeterminados

A la hora de hablar de los artículos, debemos hacer distinción entre definidos e indefinidos,
igual que en español.
1.- Artículos determinados: En español, los artículos definidos son el, la, los, las. En inglés
sólo existe el artículo the, que equivale a todos estos artículos en español, tanto en singular
como en plural.
Existen diferencias de significado a la hora de usar el artículo definido the y el artículo
indefinido a / an.
El artículo a / an se usa para referirnos a algo no determinado.
P. ej.: I have a letter for you.
(una carta, sin especificar)
I have a pencil.
(un lápiz, sin especificar)
El artículo the se usa para referirse a cosas y lugares específicos, es decir, cuando se sabe de
lo que se está hablando.
P. ej.: Is that the pencil? (el lápiz, nos referimos a un lápiz concreto: el que me
prometiste, el que andaba buscando, etc.)
That is the key.
(la llave, para esa puerta)
He is the mayor.
(el alcalde, sólo hay uno en el pueblo)
Omisión del artículo the:
Cuando nos referimos a cosas en general se omite el artículo the.
I like dogs.
(todos los perros en general)
Books are interesting.
(todos los libros en general)
Life is beautiful.
(la vida en general)
2 . - Artículos indeterminados: Los artículos indefinidos en español
son un, uno, una, unos, unas, mientras que en inglés sólo se habla de artículo indefinido en
singular, utilizando el artículo a / an para referirse a éstos.
a - un, una
an - un, una
“a” se usa delante de un sustantivo singular que empiece por sonido no vocálico.
It is a book.
That is a house.
He is a doctor.
“an” se usa delante de un sustantivo singular que empiece por sonido vocálico.
It is an airplane.
This is an e-mail.
Por otra parte, los indefinidos que se utilizan con sustantivos en plural son some y any:
Artículos indeterminados que acompañan a sustantivos en plural:
Some (en oraciones afirmativas e interrogativas)
Any (en oraciones negativas e interrogativas)
I have some pens.
Do you have any pens?
El siguiente cuadro representa un resumen de los artículos determinados e
indeterminados:
A/ AN THE Sin
artículo
Sustantivo
singular
A The ------
pencil pencil
contable
Sustantivo
plural
Some The Pencils
contable pencils pencils
Sustantivo Some The
incontable milk milk Milk
El verbo to have
El verbo to have tiene varios significados:
1.- El significado más generalizado del verbo to have es tener, en el sentido de posesión.
P. ej.: I have a dog.
Tengo un perro.
She has a pencil.
Ella tiene un lápiz.
2.- To have se utiliza como auxiliar para formar el presente y pasado perfecto (como veremos
en niveles más avanzados).
3.- To have puede significar también tomar en el sentido de comer, beber, etc.
P. ej.: I have a sandwich every day.
Yo tomo un sándwich cada día.
I have an orange juice for breakfast.
Yo tomo un zumo de naranja para desayunar.
4.- To have se usa también para hablar de enfermedades o dolencias.
P. ej.: I have a headache.
Me duele la cabeza.
I have a pain in my leg.
Me duele la pierna.
El verbo to have en el significado de poseer es intercambiable por el verbo to have got.
P. ej.: They have a sister.
Ellos tienen una hermana.
They have got a sister.
Ellos tienen una hermana.
Sin embargo, hay algunas diferencias a la hora de conjugar el verbo to have y to have got:
1.- Cuando se trata de la forma afirmativa, la diferencia viene dada por el uso de la partícula
got.
You have got two brothers.
You have two brothers.
She has got some books.
She has some books.
2.- Para la forma negativa, el verbo to have necesita del auxiliar do / does, pero el verbo to
have got se niega solo añadiendo la partícula not.
I have not got any brothers.
I do not have any brothers.
She has not got any books.
She does not have any books.
3.- En la forma interrogativa ocurre lo mismo, ya que el verbo to have necesita el auxiliar do /
does y el verbo to have got se interroga solo invirtiendo el orden.
Have you got a brother?
Do you have a brother?
Has she got any books?
Does she have any books?
A continuación se exponen ambos verbos conjugados en todas sus formas, incluyendo las
contraídas, que son las más usadas en lenguaje coloquial y oral.
To have
- Afirmativa
I have yo tengo
You have tú tienes (Ud. tiene, Uds.
tienen, vosotros tenéis)
He has él tiene
She has ella tiene
It has ello tiene (cosa, animal)
We have nosotros tenemos
They have ellos, ellas tienen
- Negativa Contracción
I do not have I don’t have
yo no tengo
You do not have You don’t have
tú no tienes (Ud. no tiene, Uds. no tienen, vosotros no tenéis)
He does not have He doesn’t have
él no tiene
She does not have She doesn’t have

ella no tiene
It does not have It doesn’t have
ello (cosa / animal) no tiene
We do not have We don’t have
nosotros no tenemos
They do not have They don’t have
ellos, ellas no tienen
- Interrogativa
Do I have? ¿tengo yo?
Do you have? ¿tienes tú, tiene Ud., tienen
Uds., tenéis vosotros?
Does he have? ¿tiene él?
Does she have? ¿tiene ella?
Does it have? ¿tiene ello (cosa / animal)?
Do we have? ¿tenemos nosotros?
Do they have? ¿tienen ellos, ellas?
To have got
- Afirmativa Contracción
I have got I’ve got
yo tengo
You have got you ’ve got
tú tienes (Ud.tiene, Uds. tienen, vosotros tenéis)
He has got he’s got
él tiene
She has got she’s got
ella tiene
It has got it’s got
ello (cosa / animal) tiene
We have got we’ve got
nosotros tenemos
They have got they’ve got
ellos / ellas tienen
- Negativa: Contracción
I have not got I haven’t got

Yo no tengo
You have not got You haven’t got
Tú no tienes (Ud. no tiene, Uds. no tienen, Vosotros no tenéis)
He has not got He hasn’t got
Él no tiene
She has not got She hasn’t got
Ella no tiene
It has not got It hasn’t got
Ello (animal / cosa) no tiene
We have not got We haven’t got
Nosotros no tenemos
They have not got They haven’t got
Ellos no tienen
- Interrogativo
Have I got? ¿tengo yo?
Have you got? ¿tienes tú (tiene Ud., tienen
Uds., tenéis vosotros)?
Has he got? ¿tiene él?
Has she got? ¿tiene ella?
Has it got? ¿tiene ello (cosa / animal)?
Have we got? ¿tenemos nosotros?
Have they got? ¿tienen ellos / ellas?
Adjetivos
En inglés los adjetivos van delante del sustantivo.
He is a small boy.
Es un chico pequeño.
It is a black dog.
Es un perro negro.
He is an ugly man.
Es un hombre feo.
Los adjetivos en inglés son invariables, es decir, no diferencian ni género ni número.
He is a tall boy.
Es un chico alto.
She is a tall girl.
Es una chica alta.
They are tall boys.
Son chicos altos.
They are tall girls.
Son chicas altas.
La hora
La expresión utilizada para preguntar la hora en inglés es:
What time is it?
¿Qué hora es?
- Para contestar utilizamos:
It’s + minutos + PAST/TO + hora
P. ej.: It’s five past two.

Son las dos y cinco.
P. ej.: It’s ten to three.

Son las tres menos diez.
- Si es la hora en punto utilizamos: o’clock
P. ej.: It’s ten o’clock.

Son las diez.
- Para expresar la hora y media utilizamos:
Half past + hora
P. ej.: It’s half past nine.

Son las nueve y media.
- Para expresar un cuarto de hora utilizamos a quarter.
P. ej.: It’s a quarter to nine.

Son las nueve menos cuarto.
(To = Menos)
P. ej.: It’s a quarter past nine.

Son las nueve y cuarto.
(Past = Y)
(At ) What time…? ¿A qué hora…?

At… A la…/A las…
Nota: en inglés norteamericano se suele utilizar el formato digital, esto significa que se suele
decir la hora y a continuación los minutos. Por ejemplo:
5:15 à It’s five fifteen.

(Son las cinco y quince.)
9:52 à It’s nine fifty-two.
(Son las nueve y cincuenta y dos.)
11:30 à It’s eleven thirty.
(Son las once y treinta.)
También hay que tener en cuenta que se suele utilizar A.M. y P.M. detrás de la hora.
A.M. se utiliza desde medianoche hasta las 11:59 de la mañana.
P.M. se utiliza desde mediodía hasta las 11:59 de la noche.
P. ej.:
It’s 9 A.M.
(Son las nueve de la mañana.)
It’s 9 P.M.
(Son las nueve de la noche.)
At customs, during the flight - Typical situation
VOCABULARY
Again Otra vez
Aircraft Avión, avioneta
Alight Desembarcar
America América
Approximately Aproximadamente
Baggage Equipaje
Captain Capitán
Carousel Carrusel
Center Centro
Centigrade Centígrado
Customs Aduana
Hotel Hotel
Landing Aterrizaje
Mistake Error, falta
Nothing Nada
Pardon Perdón
Reason Razón
Reclaim Recoger, reclamar
Refreshment Tentempié
Sandwich Sándwich
Seat belt Cinturón de seguridad
Serving Ración de comida
Television Televisión
Temperature Temperatura
Terminal Terminal
To declare Declarar
To fasten Abrochar
To pick Elegir
United Kingdom Reino Unido
Welcome Bienvenido (a)
TYPICAL SITUATION - DURING THE FLIGHT. LISTEN AND

REPEAT
A: Excuse me, can you show me where my seat is, please?
B: Of course, your seat is number A25, it's a window seat down the left aisle.
A: Thank you very much.
A: Excuse me, I think you are in my seat.
C: Oh, my mistake. I'm sorry.
A: No problem.
D: Good morning ladies and gentlemen and welcome to flight number 628 to
Philadelphia, this is your captain speaking. The estimated flight time is one hour and
fifty minutes. We will be landing at approximately twelve thirty. During the flight
there will be some entertainment available on the TV screens and we will be serving
lunch and light refreshments. Thank you for flying with BLUEJET, please enjoy your
flight.
B: Please, fasten your seatbelts.
A: Excuse me miss, can I have an orange juice, please?
B: Of course. Here you go. Would you like anything to eat?
A: Yes please, a tuna sandwich.
A: Would you like a newspaper to read?
A: Sure, thanks.
B: Here you are.
D: Ladies and gentlemen, this is your captain speaking. We will be landing in a couple
of minutes. The temperature in Philadelphia is 58 degrees Fahrenheit. I hope you
have enjoyed your flight and we hope to see you again soon here on BLUEJET.
Thank you very much and enjoy your stay here in Philadelphia.
A: Excuse me miss, where do I need to go to get my luggage?
B: When you exit the airplane, go to Terminal 3 and pick up your luggage from
carousel 5 in the baggage claim.
B: You're welcome. Have a nice stay.
TYPICAL SITUATION - AT CUSTOMS. LISTEN AND REPEAT

A: Excuse me, where do I have to go to get through customs.
A: It's that desk over there, just behind you. There's a line of people waiting.
B: OK, thank you very much.
C: You're welcome.
B: Pardon me, is this the line to go through customs?
D: Yes, it is.
B: Thanks, are you last person in line?
D: Yes, I am.
B: Thanks.
E: Welcome to the United States. Can I see your passport, please?
B: Of course, here you go.
E: Thank you very much. Which country have you come from?
B: I've come from England.
E: What is the reason for your visit?

B: It's a business trip.
E: How long will you be staying in the country?
B: About three weeks.
E: Where will you be staying?
B: I'm staying in a hotel in downtown Manhattan.
E: Is this your first time in the U.S.?
E: Do you have anything to declare?
B: No, nothing.
E: OK, thank you very much. Enjoy your stay here.
What is your routine? - Dialogue
DIALOGUE
Hi, how are you?

I'm not fine! I saw a very boring movie yesterday. Do you prefer action or comedy movies?
What is your local movie theater like?
Who do you usually take to see a romance movie?
I like to go to the movie theater with my friends on a Saturday. What do you do on a
Saturday?
And what do you do on a Sunday?
What time do you start work on Monday?
I normally go home from work and make dinner. When do you have your dinner?
And who makes your dinner?
I make my own dinner. What is your favorite food?
Do you prefer having a big meal for lunch or dinner? Why?
My typical breakfast is big; it is eggs, bacon, toast, a banana or yogurt and a glass of orange
juice... I'm American! What do you have for breakfast?
Sometimes I have an omelet for breakfast. What is your favorite type of omelet?
That is very healthy. Can you think of any foods that taste good but are bad for your health?
Can you think of some foods that are good for you?
Tell me some foods that a cat and a human both like.
Cats can't do the dishes though! Who does the dishes in your house?
Are there usually many dishes to clean? How many people do you live with?
Who buys the food?
Where do they do the food shopping?
Let's stop talking about food... I'm very hungry! Do you like to read books, magazines or
newspapers? Which is your favorite and why?
What do you like more than reading? I prefer some exercise, like going to the beach and
running.
What do you like more than reading?
Do you prefer to go to the beach or the mountains?
Where do you like to go on summer vacations?
Do you know anybody that has a horse? Where do they keep it?
Can you tell me some fruits and vegetables that a horse likes to eat?
I like apples. I eat them in salads. How many apples do you eat each week?
What is your routine? - Dialogue
Do you ever cook with apples?

What do you like to have with steak?
I like my steak rare, how do you like yours to be cooked?
Well, we are speaking about food again! I'm going to eat. What are you going to do now?
OK, goodbye.
Daily life - Reading comprehension
● DAILY LIFE
Read and listen to the text. After that, you will be asked to answer a series of questions.
Daily life
Each individual has their routine and habits, but it's interesting to see how different cultures
have different attitudes to things like: mealtimes, work hours and bedtime.
In the UK people start work between half past eight and nine o'clock.
It is common to have a light breakfast of tea or coffee and toast or cereal before they leave
their house.
At eleven o'clock in the morning, many people have a ten-minute break for a cup of tea or
coffee.
People usually have lunch between twelve and one o'clock. Most people have forty-five
minutes for their lunch break. They have a sandwich or soup; it's not a big meal.
After work, the typical time to have dinner is between six and seven o'clock.
Dinner is the main meal of the day. After dinner people watch TV, go to the cinema, read, play
sport or do a different hobby.
Bedtime can be between half past ten and midnight.
● COMPREHENSION CHECK
Read the text and decide if the questions below are "True" or "False".
1 Daily life
Each individual has their routine and habits, but it's interesting to see how different
cultures have different attitudes to things like: mealtimes, work hours and bedtime.
In the UK people start work between half past eight and nine o'clock.
It is common to have a light breakfast of tea or coffee and toast or cereal before they leave
their house.
At eleven o'clock in the morning, many people have a ten minute break for a cup of tea or
coffee.
People usually have lunch between twelve and one o'clock. Most people have forty-five
minutes for their lunch break. They have a sandwich or soup; it's not a big meal.
After work, the typical time to have dinner is between six and seven o'clock.
Dinner is the main meal of the day. After dinner people watch TV, go to the cinema, read,
play sport or do a different hobby.
Bedtime can be between half past ten and midnight.
2 Example:
Different cultures have different routines. True
In the United Kingdom, people start work between 8:15 and 9:00.
True
False
3 In the UK it is normal to eat a lot for breakfast.
True
False
4 In the UK people usually have lunch between 12:15 and 13:00.
True
False
5 Most people have 45 minutes to have lunch.
True
False
6 In the UK lunch is normally a light meal.
True
False
7 In the UK, after dinner, people normally go to sleep.
True
False
8 In the UK dinner is the most important meal of the day.
True
False
9 Bedtime is the time when people get up.
True
False
● EXERCISE
Fill in the following gaps, according to the audio. Use between 1-3 words.
Example: Each individual has their routine and habits...
1
Each individual has their , but it's interesting to see how different
cultures have different attitudes to things like: mealtimes, and bedtime.
2
In the UK people start work between and nine o'clock.
3
It is common to have a of tea or coffee and toast or cereal before they
.
4
At eleven o'clock in the morning, many people have a for a cup of tea or
coffee.
5
People between twelve and one o'clock. Most people have forty-five
minutes for their lunch break. They have a ; it's not a big meal.
6
After work, the to have dinner is between six and seven o'clock.
7
Dinner is the main meal of the day. After dinner , go to the cinema, read,
play sport or do a .
8
Bedtime can be between half past ten and .

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INGLES I

Greetings / People / Introducing yourself

VOCABULARY SENTENCES: SUBJECT PRONOUNS

En inglés, en la tercera persona del singular se diferencia entre:

El verbo “to be”

LEARN AND PRACTICE - POSSESSIVE ADJECTIVES 1

LEARN AND PRACTICE - POSSESSIVE ADJECTIVES 2

PHRASES - USEFUL PHRASES

There is - There are

Some: Se usa en oraciones afirmativas e interrogativas.

Any: Se usa en oraciones negativas e interrogativas.

- Para contestar utilizamos:

It’s + minutos + PAST/TO + hora

P. ej.: It’s five past two.

P. ej.: It’s ten to three.

- Si es la hora en punto utilizamos: o’clock

P. ej.: It’s ten o’clock.

- Para expresar la hora y media utilizamos:

Half past + hora

P. ej.: It’s half past nine.

- Para expresar un cuarto de hora utilizamos a quarter.

P. ej.: It’s a quarter to nine.

P. ej.: It’s a quarter past nine.

(At ) What time…? ¿A qué hora…?

5:15 à It’s five fifteen.

11:30 à It’s eleven thirty.

Preposiciones de tiempo: at, on, in

Nota: No utilizamos preposiciones delante de “last”, “next”, “this” o “every”.

P. ej.: We visited Sam and Lizzy’s new house.

El verbo “to be”

Ten thousand Diez mil

PHRASES - USEFUL PHRASES

El verbo “to be” en forma contraída

Those Esos, esas, aquellos / as

SHOWROOM: DEMONSTRATIVES - DEMONSTRATIVE

SHOWROOM: DEMONSTRATIVES - DEMONSTRATIVE

PHRASES - USEFUL PHRASES

Nouns that do not change:

Greek or Latin forms:

Nouns that are always plural:

Initials can be made plural:

El verbo “to be”

7.-Which? Se utiliza para referirse a personas o cosas cuando se trata de un número

DAYS, MONTHS AND SEASONS - SENTENCES

This is a bad line.

PHRASES - USEFUL PHRASES

Present simple: affirmative form

PRESENT SIMPLE: AFFIRMATIVE

to reply she replies

PRESENT SIMPLE: NEGATIVE

QUANTIFIERS: 'SOME' AND 'ANY'

'THERE IS' / 'THERE ARE'

singular There is a book.

● READ AND ANSWER "TRUE" OR "FALSE"

3 The restaurant doesn't serve fish.

4 Dakota is Bill's last name.

5 Bill and Bob are from the United States.

6 They live in America.

7 They don't have any restaurants in England.

8 Bob is the chef.

9 Bill is famous for his burgers.

10 Bill likes to cook.

11 Bill goes home at ten o'clock.