TEORÍA 1:

1.) Un alumno quiere determinar el volumen de gas desprendi

cm3 ; 98,0 cm3 ; 101,0 cm3 ; 97,0 cm3 .
Determinar el error absoluto y relativo de la medida 101,0 cm 3 .

V. verdadero

V. calculado
100.0
98.0
100.0
97.0

2.) Calcular el error absoluto, si al medir 10,2537 g de una sustanc

V. verdadero

V. calculado
10.2100

3.) Calcular el error relativo cometido si al medir 10,2357g de una s

V. verdadero

V. calculado
10.21

4.) Al medir una mesa con una cinta métrica de 1mm de resolució
relativo cometido

V. verdadero

V. calculado
115.2
 5.) Al masar 2,2558 kg de una sustancia obtenemos un valor de 2

V. verdadero

V. calculado
2.24

6.) Al masar un objeto tres veces hemos obtenido los siguientes res
V. verdadero

V. calculado
20.08
19.87
20.05

7.) Tres personas han medido la distancia recorrida por un móvil y

cometido en la medición.

V. verdadero

V. calculado
37.5
37.8
37.4

PRÁCTICA 1:
Valores de Pi (π):

V. verdadero de Pi (π)= 3.14159265

AUTOR FÓRMULA V. calculado

 Vieta, 1593 3.14164079

Kochansky, 1685 3.14153334

Specht, 1828 3.14159195

Hagge, 1914 3.1415919

Hartmann, 1928 3.14159269

Ramanujan, 1914 3.14159265

Problemas con Solver

x= 0.6274701802017

0.9999999987145

x= 0.6522855325231

0.5000000049049

x= -0.541569806047

-5.066503106E-07

x= 0.7017443203601
1.0000461213283
umen de gas desprendido, para ello realiza la experiencia cuatro veces. Los resul

de la medida 101,0 cm3 .

101.0

E. Total E. Absoluto E. Relativo E. R. Porcentual

-1.0 1 0.009900990099 0.990
-3.0 3 0.029702970297 2.970
-1.0 1 0.009900990099 0.990
-4.0 4 0.039603960396 3.960

10,2537 g de una sustancia se obtiene un valor de 10,2100 g

10.2537

E. Total E. Absoluto E. Relativo E. R. Porcentual

-0.0437 0.0437 0.004261876201 0.42619

medir 10,2357g de una sustancia obtenemos un valor de 10,21g.

10.24

E. Total E. Absoluto E. Relativo E. R. Porcentual

-0.03 0.03 0.002510819973 0.251

rica de 1mm de resolución se obtiene un resultado de 115,2 cm. Calcular el error ab

115.3 1mm = 0.1cm 115.2cm + 0.1cm = 11

E. Total E. Absoluto E. Relativo E. R. Porcentual

-0.1 0.1 0.000867302689 0.087
obtenemos un valor de 2,24kg. Hallar el error absoluto y el error relativo porcentua

2.26

E. Total E. Absoluto E. Relativo E. R. Porcentual

-0.02 0.02 0.007004167036 0.70

tenido los siguientes resultados: 20,08g, 19,87g y 20,05g. Calcular el error absoluto y
20.00 M= (20.08+19.87+20.05)/3 20.00

E. Total E. Absoluto E. Relativo E. R. Porcentual

0.08 0.08 0.004 0.40
-0.13 0.13 0.0065 0.65
0.05 0.05 0.0025 0.25

recorrida por un móvil y han anotado los siguientes resultados: 37,5 m, 37,8 m y 37,

37.6 M= (37.5+37.8+37.4)/3 37.6

E. Total E. Absoluto E. Relativo E. R. Porcentual

-0.1 0.1 0.002659574468 0.27
0.2 0.2 0.005319148936 0.53
-0.2 0.2 0.005319148936 0.53

E. Total E. Absoluto E. Relativo E. R. Porcentual

0.00004813 4.81329101E-05 1.532118113E-05 0.00153212

-0.00005931 5.93148847E-05 1.88805142E-05 0.00188805

-0.00000070 7.00455204E-07 2.229618163E-07 0.00002230

-0.00000075 7.52859837E-07 2.396427289E-07 0.00002396

0.00000004 3.57409942E-08 1.137671178E-08 0.00000114

0.00000000 2.15894858E-10 6.872146753E-11 0.00000001

Problemas con Análisis d

0.62747424

0.99999135

0.65228207

0.49998084

-0.54153373

-0.00033099

0.70174823
0.99998544
veces. Los resultados obtenidos son: 100,0

cular el error absoluto y el error

115.2cm + 0.1cm = 115.3cm

ativo porcentual de esta medida.

error absoluto y relativo de la segunda medición.

m, 37,8 m y 37,4 m. Calcular la medida más probable, el error absoluto y relativo

as con Análisis de Hipótesis
x=

x=

x=

x=
soluto y relativo
TEORÍA 2:

(𝑃+ 𝑎/𝑉^2 )(𝑉−𝑏)=𝑅.𝑇

Ecuación Despejada:

CO2 Derivada (1) Derivada (2)

10 atm 0.07888936261 -22.6222684749
20 atm 0.145556881121 -10.9677391429
30 atm 0.202053029563 -7.08289603216
100 atm 0.420174809392 -1.6441156772

Al comprobar el valor inicial con respecto a cada presión en ambas derivad

derivada solo el gas Dimetilamina en las presiones de (20, 30 y 100) se enc
En conclusión se puede trabajar la ecuación del primer despeje con todos

MÉTODO DEL PUNTO FIJO:

1.)C𝑂_2

Presión (10 atm) y CO2 Error

Vo 2.896
V1 2.819887441058 0.027120784265
 V2 2.813620688801 0.002227291078
V3 2.813085719201 0.000190171809
V4 2.813039894717 1.62900229E-05
V5 2.813035968333 1.3957816E-06
V6 2.8130356319 1.19597897E-07
V7 2.813035603072 1.02477967E-08
V8 2.813035600602 8.78086813E-10
V9 2.813035600391 7.52392529E-11
V10 2.813035600372 6.44702653E-12
V11 2.813035600371 5.52539127E-13
V12 2.813035600371 4.70447599E-14
V13 2.813035600371 4.26244469E-15
V14 2.813035600371 0
V15 2.813035600371 0
V16 2.813035600371 0
V17 2.813035600371 0
V18 2.813035600371 0
V19 2.813035600371 0
V20 2.813035600371 0
V21 2.813035600371 0
V22 2.813035600371 0
V23 2.813035600371 0
V24 2.813035600371 0
V25 2.813035600371 0
V26 2.813035600371 0
V27 2.813035600371 0
V28 2.813035600371 0
V29 2.813035600371 0
V30 2.813035600371 0
V31 2.813035600371 0

2.) Dimetilamina

Presión (10 atm) y Dimetilamina Error

Vo 2.896
V1 2.198774885026 0.317263090335
V2 1.828341178289 0.202606445195
V3 1.562241137318 0.170332245525
V4 1.339055028943 0.166674336417
V5 1.134083435967 0.180737665744
V6 0.936828918516 0.210555538532
V7 0.74642367374 0.255090039979
V8 0.571744371378 0.305519933569
V9 0.429292109741 0.331830607656
V10 0.332707217551 0.290299960733
V11 0.280066296927 0.187958784051
 V12 0.256356313959 0.092488390873
V13 0.246897504417 0.038310672939
V14 0.24334111297 0.014614840066
V15 0.242036312428 0.00539092886
V16 0.241562046671 0.00196332894
V17 0.241390254627 0.000711677627
V18 0.24132810488 0.000257532158
V19 0.241305630995 9.31345241E-05
V20 0.241297505581 3.36738388E-05

3.) Helio
Presión (10 atm) y Helio Error
Vo 2.896
V1 2.918887450619 0.007716107935
V2 2.918905545459 6.19918669E-06
V3 2.918905559829 4.92292437E-09
V4 2.91890555984 3.90945034E-12

4.) Óxido Nítrico

Presión (10 atm) y Óxido Nítrico Error
Vo 2.896
V1 2.878717502885 0.006130333073
V2 2.878166383031 0.000191482972
V3 2.878149011966 6.03549884E-06
V4 2.878148464279 1.9029158E-07
V5 2.878148447011 5.99970455E-09
V6 2.878148446466 1.89164685E-10
V7 2.878148446449 5.96419005E-12
V8 2.878148446449 1.88242145E-13

PRACTICA 2:

a) Un agricultor tiene que decidir de qué manera distribuir la siem

disponibles para sembrar. El maíz le da 5 tn/ha, por su parte el fri
Se requiere de al menos 100 tn de maíz para el consumo de la gra
Se cuenta con 1000 horas disponibles para trabajar. Cada ha de m
El maíz se vende a S/. 1000.0 /tn, mientras que el frijol se vende a
Encuentre la solución que maximice el ingreso del agricultor
 maíz frijol
valor final 100 50
utilidad 1000 2000 200000

Restricciones
hora 8 4 <=
hectáreas 1 1 <=
consumo 1 >

b) Una empresa de manufactura planea vender dos productos: m

Maartillo: $350.0 costo de producción: $290.0
Marmita: $500.0 costo de producción: $400
Solo se pueden vender máximo, 700 martillos al mes. Se van a ve
El costo de producción no debe de ser mayor a $60 000.0
¿Cómo debe ordenar la producción para maximizar la ganancia?

martillo marmita
cantidad 0 0
precio de venta 350 500 Ganancia
costo de producción 290 400

Restricciones
Martillos <= 700
Marmitas >= 200
costo de producción <= 60000

Precio de Venta 0
Costo de Producción 0

Al aplicar Solver con el costo de producción de $60 000, no me

arroja ninguna solución.
 PARA VALOR INICIAL
Vo= RT/P

Vo (10 atm)= 2.896

Vo (20 atm)= 1.448
Vo (30 atm)= 0.965
Vo (100 atm)= 0.290

Lo considero como Ecuación general (funcion) para el Solver.

2∗𝑎∗𝑅∗𝑇∗𝑉
(ሺ𝑃 ∗ 𝑉 2 ሻ+ 𝑎)2

Derivamos

Dimetilamina Derivada (1) Derivada (2) Helio

10 atm 0.426935968956992 -1.9332521748 10 atm
20 atm 0.498427547980324 -0.8144297937 20 atm
30 atm 0.489407152930211 -0.441489 30 atm
100 atm 0.29883086529197 0.08062811114 100 atm

ión en ambas derivadas, se puede observar que todos los resultados en cada gas si estan en el rango de -1
e (20, 30 y 100) se encuentra en el rango de -1 y 1.
er despeje con todos los gases a diferentes presiones.

Presión (20 atm) y CO2 Error Presión (30 atm) y CO2

Vo 1.448 Vo
V1 1.37641264514663 0.05214268781 V1
 V2 1.36522934093343 0.00819152056 V2
V3 1.36334477232873 0.00138231256 V3
V4 1.36302315485922 0.00023595892 V4
V5 1.36296815052512 4.0356287E-05 V5
V6 1.36295874001891 6.9044689E-06 V6
V7 1.36295712990641 1.1813376E-06 V7
V8 1.36295685441751 2.0212591E-07 V8
V9 1.36295680728151 3.4583639E-08 V9
V10 1.36295679921656 5.9172446E-09 V10
V11 1.36295679783665 1.0124377E-09 V11
V12 1.36295679760055 1.7322765E-10 V12
V13 1.36295679756015 2.9639251E-11 V13
V14 1.36295679755324 5.0711838E-12 V14
V15 1.36295679755206 8.6767942E-13 V15
V16 1.36295679755185 1.4841456E-13 V16
V17 1.36295679755182 2.5414568E-14 V17
V18 1.36295679755181 4.3986753E-15 V18
V19 1.36295679755181 0 V19
V20 1.36295679755181 0 V20
V21 1.36295679755181 0 V21
V22 1.36295679755181 0 V22
V23 1.36295679755181 0 V23
V24 1.36295679755181 0 V24
V25 1.36295679755181 0 V25
V26 1.36295679755181 0 V26
V27 1.36295679755181 0 V27
V28 1.36295679755181 0 V28
V29 1.36295679755181 0 V29
V30 1.36295679755181 0 V30
V31 1.36295679755181 0 V31

Presión (20 atm) y Dimetilamina Error Presión (30 atm) y Dimetilamina

Vo 1.448 Vo
V1 0.96169788470529 0.50586012825 V1
V2 0.675455362291153 0.42377711155 V2
V3 0.480480234358065 0.40579219287 V3
V4 0.355798984929543 0.3504260965 V4
V5 0.288614760306307 0.23278166561 V5
V6 0.258615841497499 0.11599799392 V6
V7 0.246891034616386 0.04748980415 V7
V8 0.242609027810984 0.01764982467 V8
V9 0.241088434102385 0.00630720306 V9
V10 0.240554071672892 0.00222138177 V10
V11 0.240366989359954 0.00077831949 V11
 V12 0.240301577485278 0.00027220743 V12
V13 0.240278717303706 9.5140268E-05 V13
V14 0.240270729405384 3.3245408E-05 V14
V15 0.240267938398968 1.1616225E-05 V15
V16 0.240266963228447 4.0586958E-06 V16
V17 0.240266622508706 1.4180902E-06 V17
V18 0.240266503463207 4.9547273E-07 V18
V19 0.240266461869435 1.7311518E-07 V19
V20 0.24026644733683 6.0485373E-08 V20

Presión (20 atm) y Helio Error Presión (30 atm) y Helio

Vo 1.448 Vo
V1 1.47070542917003 0.01531437141 V1
V2 1.47074117711593 2.4306075E-05 V2
V3 1.47074123255369 3.7693757E-08 V3
V4 1.47074123263966 5.8453147E-11 V4

Presión (20 atm) y Óxido Nítrico Error Presión (30 atm) y Óxido Nítrico
Vo 1.448 Vo
V1 1.43123987452647 0.011837726 V1
V2 1.43020597582368 0.00072290196 V2
V3 1.43014174183829 4.4914419E-05 V3
V4 1.43013774671116 2.7935261E-06 V4
V5 1.43013749821132 1.737594E-07 V5
V6 1.43013748275438 1.0808008E-08 V6
V7 1.43013748179295 6.722692E-10 V7
V8 1.43013748173314 4.181583E-11 V8

a distribuir la siembra de sus cultivos de maíz y frijol tal que maximice su utilidad.
por su parte el frijol le representa 2tn/ha.
consumo de la granja (alimentar animales, etc)
ajar. Cada ha de maíz necesita de 8 horas y cada ha de frijol 4 horas.
el frijol se vende a S/. 2000.0 /tn.
el agricultor
 RPTA.: Para maximizar mi utilidad ( $200 000), deb

1000 1000
200 150
100

dos productos: martillos de acero inoxidable y marmita. Los precios serán:

90.0
400
mes. Se van a vender como mínimo 200 marmitas al mes por un contrato que se ti
$60 000.0
zar la ganancia?

martillo
cantidad 0
0 precio de venta 350
costo de producción 290

Restricciones
Martillos <=
Marmitas >=
costo de producción <=

Precio de Venta 0
Costo de Producción 0

, no me Al aplicar Solver con el costo de producción de $70 000

arroja ninguna solución.
ncion) para el Solver.

Derivada (1) Derivada (2) Óxido Nítrico Derivada (1)

0.0008127916443 -2418.4180868 10 atm 0.030950203634933
0.0016242622963 -1189.0906816 20 atm 0.059998934532829
0.0024344143704 -779.31487986 30 atm 0.087275624574219
0.0080687604171 -205.62875742 100 atm 0.237526024114678

ada gas si estan en el rango de -1 y 1 en la derivada del primer despeje; en cambio, en la segunda

0 atm) y CO2 Error Presión (100 atm) y CO2

0.965 Vo 0.290
0.8980349721896 0.07507505821 V1 0.245352226413219
 0.8831053186906 0.01690585843 V2 0.223934888985454
0.8794107806488 0.00420115164 V3 0.211289542563473
0.8784725538155 0.00106802066 V4 0.203029620468666
0.8782327427329 0.00027306097 V5 0.197299648405232
0.8781713457129 6.9914625E-05 V6 0.19316589655249
0.8781556200614 1.7907591E-05 V7 0.190102107381815
0.8781515918065 4.5871976E-06 V8 0.187787029110414
0.8781505599073 1.1750823E-06 V9 0.186012646009969
0.8781502955687 3.0101754E-07 V10 0.184638082289299
0.8781502278537 7.7110946E-08 V11 0.183564548560222
0.8781502105073 1.9753335E-08 V12 0.182720843076558
0.8781502060637 5.0601673E-09 V13 0.18205451902114
0.8781502049254 1.2962517E-09 V14 0.181526267852669
0.8781502046338 3.3205781E-10 V15 0.181106215646798
0.8781502045591 8.5062673E-11 V16 0.180771403910451
0.87815020454 2.1790153E-11 V17 0.180504029815266
0.8781502045351 5.5820253E-12 V18 0.18029018848329
0.8781502045338 1.4298946E-12 V19 0.180118956305132
0.8781502045335 3.6626036E-13 V20 0.179981711556256
0.8781502045334 9.3809178E-14 V21 0.179871623690406
0.8781502045334 2.4147645E-14 V22 0.179783264811138
0.8781502045334 6.1949457E-15 V23 0.179712311113554
0.8781502045334 0 V24 0.179655311536879
0.8781502045334 0 V25 0.179609507251341
0.8781502045334 0 V26 0.179572690002214
0.8781502045334 0 V27 0.17954309042348
0.8781502045334 0 V28 0.179519289641471
0.8781502045334 0 V29 0.179500149092013
0.8781502045334 0 V30 0.179484754655855
0.8781502045334 0 V31 0.179472372098914

0 atm) y Dimetilamina Error Presión (100 atm) y Dimetilamina

0.965 Vo 0.290
0.6094650337958 0.58410236267 V1 0.249959830894277
0.4182157220738 0.4572982354 V2 0.238374703757235
0.3155355530129 0.3254155295 V3 0.235121408701574
0.2682431078677 0.17630441848 V4 0.234220767921608
0.2495632535517 0.07485017946 V5 0.233972493340771
0.2428328149783 0.02771634704 V6 0.233904134777673
0.2405039246636 0.00968337759 V7 0.233885319544716
0.2397102142174 0.00331112485 V8 0.233880141252214
0.2394411470938 0.00112372968 V9 0.233878716128301
0.2393500999312 0.00038039325 V10 0.233878323921006
0.2393193104058 0.00012865458 V11 0.233878215982133
 0.2393089004609 4.3500032E-05 V12 0.233878186276428
0.2393053811063 1.4706542E-05 V13 0.233878178101164
0.2393041913248 4.9718373E-06 V14 0.233878175851261
0.2393037891009 1.6808087E-06 V15 0.233878175232069
0.2393036531233 5.6822195E-07 V16 0.233878175061662
0.2393036071541 1.9209548E-07 V17 0.233878175014764
0.2393035916136 6.4940572E-08 V18 0.233878175001858
0.2393035863599 2.1954068E-08 V19 0.233878174998306
0.2393035845839 7.421879E-09 V20 0.233878174997328

0 atm) y Helio Error Presión (100) atm y Helio

0.965 Vo 0.290
0.9879784073325 0.02279746922 V1 0.312163243622579
0.988031380775 5.3615142E-05 V2 0.312325896523366
0.9880315011175 1.2180034E-07 V3 0.312326945184284
0.9880315013909 2.7667786E-10 V4 0.312326951939953

0 atm) y Óxido Nítrico Error Presión (100 atm) y Óxido Nítrico

0.965 Vo 0.290
0.9491957574755 0.01712949346 V1 0.277633839502506
0.9477423491534 0.00153354793 V2 0.274631876239528
0.9476090051645 0.00014071625 V3 0.27383124504357
0.9475967426289 1.2940669E-05 V4 0.273614153567503
0.9475956147022 1.1903039E-06 V5 0.273555026934151
0.9475955109517 1.0948815E-07 V6 0.273538903856945
0.9475955014084 1.0071105E-08 V7 0.273534505852951
0.9475955005306 9.2637585E-10 V8 0.273533306071125

ue maximice su utilidad. Cuenta con una superficie de 200 hectáreas

ol 4 horas.
izar mi utilidad ( $200 000), debo sembrar 100 ha de Maíz y 50 ha de Frijol.

os precios serán:

por un contrato que se tiene.

marmita
0
500 Ganancia 0
400

Restricciones
700
200
70000

Precio de Venta
Costo de Producción

o de producción de $70 000, no me Al aplicar Solver con el costo de p

una solución donde la ganancia s
martillo es 0 y la de marmita 200
 Presión (atm)= 10 20 30 100
Temperatura (°C - k)= 80 353
Constante (R)= 0.08205

Gas a b
CO2 3.599 0.04267
Dimetilamina 37.49 0.19700
He 0.03412 0.02370
Óxido Nítrico 1.34 0.02789

Derivada (2)
-61.3982908472015
-30.0963124396455
-19.6623196371269
-5.05472971360074

ambio, en la segunda

Error

0.180492650236634
 0.095640913860265
0.059848425381404
0.040683335149519
0.029041978076238
0.021400008627396
0.016116545012947
0.012328211817229
0.009539045535378
0.007444638200457
0.005848262845395
0.004617456166785
0.00366002480466
0.002910053595661
0.00231936935113
0.001852127765261
0.001481263855762
0.001186095226672
0.00095066161647
0.000762548303879
0.000612035759679
0.000491474439296
0.000394818235566
0.000317271870159
0.000255021497686
0.000205026995625
0.000164860583962
0.000132580638307
0.00010663249894
8.57701601915721E-05
6.89942234335893E-05

Error

0.158732180941922
0.048600488870837
0.013836660275331
0.003845264397164
0.001061127217529
0.000292250340779
8.0446404218323E-05
2.21407960265595E-05
6.09343139932805E-06
1.67697155041508E-06
4.61517430355097E-07
 1.27013577176171E-07
3.49552236453962E-08
9.61997608624653E-09
2.64749955156873E-09
7.28614466834124E-10
2.00520882874887E-10
5.51851084922544E-11
1.51873599743124E-11
4.17974602886147E-12

Error

0.072163344284747
0.000520779424943
3.35757427999935E-06
2.16301200595149E-08

Error

0.043231979642691
0.010930862447882
0.002923812422612
0.000793421952908
0.00021614164439
5.89425378941397E-05
1.6078424840759E-05
4.38623669884291E-06

hectáreas
 martillo marmita
cantidad 0 200
precio de venta 350 500 Ganancia 20000 precio de ven
costo de producción 290 400 costo de produc

Restricciones
Martillos <= 700
Marmitas >= 200
costo de producción <= 80000 costo de produc

100000 Precio de Venta

80000 Costo de Producción

icar Solver con el costo de producción de $80 000, si me da Al aplicar Solver

olución donde la ganancia será $20 000, la cantidad vendida de 000, si me da un
lo es 0 y la de marmita 200 y un precio de venta de $100 000. $22 500, la canti
de marmita 220
 martillo marmita
cantidad 0 225 cantidad
precio de venta 350 500 Ganancia 22500 precio de venta
costo de producción 290 400 costo de producción

estricciones Restricciones
Martillos <= 700 Martillos
Marmitas >= 200 Marmitas
costo de producción <= 90000 costo de producción

recio de Venta 112500 Precio de Venta

osto de Producción 90000 Costo de Producción

Al aplicar Solver con el costo de producción de $90 Al aplicar Solver con el costo
000, si me da una solución donde la ganancia será $100 000, si me da una solu
$22 500, la cantidad vendida de martillo es 0 y la será $25 000, la cantidad ven
de marmita 220 y un precio de venta de $112 500. y la de marmita 250 y un pre
000.
 martillo marmita
0 250
350 500 Ganancia 25000
290 400

<= 700
>= 200
<= 100000

125000
100000

r Solver con el costo de producción de

0, si me da una solución donde la ganancia
000, la cantidad vendida de martillo es 0
armita 250 y un precio de venta de $125
TEORÍA 3:

(𝑃+ 𝑎/𝑉^2 )(𝑉−𝑏)=𝑅.𝑇

Ecuación Despejada:

Método de Newton - Raphson:

1.)C𝑂_2

Presión (10 atm) y CO2

Vo 2.896
V1 2.81766394430865
V2 2.81305109819137
V3 2.81303560054529
V4 2.81303560037066
V5 2.81303560037066
V6 2.81303560037066
V7 2.81303560037066

2.) Dimetilamina

Presión (10 atm) y Dimetilamina

Vo 2.896
V1 2.1263838162189
V2 1.43832819465587
V3 0.274625747530819
V4 0.240168843175002
V5 0.241291674636498
 V6 0.241292904723227
V7 0.241292904724702

3.) Helio
Presión (10 atm) y Helio
Vo 2.896
V1 2.91926201573666
V2 2.91890564688589
V3 2.9189055598402
V4 2.91890555984019
V5 2.91890555984019

4.) Óxido Nítrico

Presión (10 atm) y Óxido Nítrico
Vo 2.896
V1 2.87837651619401
V2 2.87814848287366
V3 2.87814844644864
V4 2.87814844644864

PRÁCTICA 3:

Problema :
Calcule Z y V para el etano a 50 °C y 15 bar mediante las ecuaciones siguientes
Gas ideal
b) Ecuación virial truncada a tres términos con
B = - 156.7 cm /mol
3
C= 9 650 cm /mol
6 2

c) La ecuación de Redlich/Kwong
d)La ecuación de Soave/Redlich/Kwong

e) La ecuación de Peng/Robinson.

Sustancia R (cm^3*bar/mol*k) T (°C) T (k)

Etano 83.14 50 323.15

RT/P
V. gas ideal 1791.11273333333
 Ecuación virial truncada a tres términos:

a y b) Error
Vo 1791.11273
V1 1639.80045 0.092274818052646
V2 1626.38116 0.008251011247573
V3 1625.07543 0.000803487578596
V4 1624.94727 7.8866796555319E-05
V5 1624.93469 7.74721678048859E-06

c) Ecuación de Redlich - Kwong:

Sustancia ω Tc (k) Pc (bar)

Etano 0.100 305.3 48.72

β= 0.025201423182664
q= 4.53086709560719

d) Ecuación de Soave - Redlich - Kwong:

Sustancia ω Tc (k) Pc (bar)

Etano 0.1 305.3 48.72

β= 0.025201423182664
q= 4.49222606741207

e) Ecuación de Peng - Robinson:

Sustancia ω Tc (k) Pc (bar)

 Etano 0.1 305.3 48.72

β= 0.022630086837618
q= 5.38537470775565

Problema:
Calcule Z y V para el etileno a 25 °C y 12 bar mediante las ecuaciones siguientes:
a) Gas ideal
b) Ecuación virial truncada a tres términos con los valores experimentales siguientes de
B = - 140 cm3/mol C= 7 200 cm6/mol2
c) La ecuación de Redlich/Kwong
d)La ecuación de Soave/Redlich/Kwong..
e) La ecuación de Peng/Robinson.

Sustancia R (cm^3*bar/mol*k) T (°C) T (k)

Etileno 83.14 25 298.15

RT/P
V. gas ideal 2065.68258333333

Ecuación virial truncada a tres términos:

a y b) Error
Vo 2065.68258
V1 1929.16811 0.070763386735661
V2 1919.77199 0.004894396126485
V3 1919.0775 0.000361886966934
V4 1919.02591 2.68852792573285E-05
V5 1919.02207 1.99806396107077E-06

c) Ecuación de Redlich - Kwong:

Sustancia ω Tc (k) Pc (bar)

Etileno 0.087 282.3 50.40
 β= 0.019531932632184
q= 4.54581182253896

d) Ecuación de Soave - Redlich - Kwong:

Sustancia ω Tc (k) Pc (bar)

Etileno 0.087 282.3 50.40

β= 0.019531932632184
q= 4.51377501594347

e) Ecuación de Peng - Robinson:

Sustancia ω Tc (k) Pc (bar)

Etileno 0.087 282.3 50.40

β= 0.017539062312834
q= 5.40961214894979
 PARA VALOR INICIAL
Vo= RT/P

Vo (10 atm)= 2.896

Vo (20 atm)= 1.448
Vo (30 atm)= 0.965
Vo (100 atm)= 0.290

𝑓´(𝑉)=(3𝑃) 𝑉^2−(2𝑅𝑇)𝑉−(2𝑏𝑃)𝑉+𝑎
Derivamos

𝑥_(𝑖+1)=𝑥_𝑖−𝑓(𝑥_𝑖 )/(𝑓´(𝑥_𝑖 ) )=𝑔(𝑥_𝑖)

f(V) f´(V) Error Presión (20 atm) y CO2

6.69089178302 85.01654424125 Vo
0.35127581572 76.151644080486 0.027931313757384 V1
0.00117229746 75.643581743613 0.001639801751288 V2
1.321E-08 75.641876973084 5.50922500672625E-06 V3
1.0463852E-14 75.641876953874 6.20818754799036E-11 V4
1.0463852E-14 75.641876953874 0 V5
1.0463852E-14 75.641876953874 0 V6
1.0463852E-14 75.641876953874 0 V7

amina

f(V) f´(V) Error Presión (20 atm) y Dimetilamina

84.6730013299 109.96762403225 Vo
28.6104663923 41.58161854317 0.362108278810298 V1
12.2981912669 10.568157949027 0.478371781989335 V2
0.78431582787 22.762225525992 4.23741203287742 V3
-0.02735423404 24.3618343256 0.143469502123176 V4
-2.9901669E-05 24.308585745228 0.004653419821415 V5
 -3.5853986E-11 24.30852745171 5.09789846435672E-06 V6
0 24.30852745164 6.11273276134232E-12 V7

f(V) f´(V) Error Presión (20 atm) y Helio

-1.89016113073 82.55054512225 Vo
0.03036552862 85.208144736045 0.007843426048513 V1
7.41338064E-06 85.166540907193 0.000122089883636 V2
4.9453215E-13 85.166530746085 2.98213463846427E-08 V3
-1.7266787E-14 85.166530746085 0 V4
-1.7266787E-14 85.166530746085 0 V5

Nítrico
f(V) f´(V) Error Presión (20 atm) y Óxido Nítrico
1.50408386353 83.61370973525 Vo
0.01859598107 81.549402682056 0.006249524238677 V1
2.96949025E-06 81.523358848325 7.92291717052576E-05 V2
9.04554209E-14 81.523354688448 1.26557139493158E-08 V3
4.30211422E-15 81.523354688448 3.08593679660982E-16 V4

ecuaciones siguientes

es términos con los valores experimentales siguientes de

mol2

P (bar) B (cm^3/mol) C (cm^6/mol^2)

15 -156.7 9650
V= Z=PV/RT
1624.9472740542 0.907227805270555

Tr = T (k)/Tc (k) Pr = P (bar)/ Pc (bar) α(Tr) = (Tr)^-1/2

1.0584670815591 0.307881773399015 0.97198893728156

Error relativo
Zo 1
Z1 0.916630863581007 0.090951701204228
Z2 0.907298299088985 0.010286103811054
Z3 0.906152939997914 0.001263979887405
Z4 0.906010841134291 0.000156840136091
Z5 0.905993188037799 1.9484800465404E-05
Z6 0.905990994609891 2.4210261701375E-06

Tr = T (k)/Tc (k) Pr = P (bar)/ Pc (bar) α(Tr) = (Tr; ω)

1.0584670815591 0.307881773399015 0.96369943084972

Error relativo
Zo 1
Z1 0.917556796292385 0.089850790752951
Z2 0.908415303239277 0.010063120932145
Z3 0.90730530911747 0.001223396480383
Z4 0.907169093838346 0.0001501542326
Z5 0.907152356244065 1.8450698127578E-05
Z6 0.907150299267835 2.2675142496067E-06

Tr = T (k)/Tc (k) Pr = P (bar)/ Pc (bar) α(Tr) = (Tr; ω)

 1.0584670815591 0.307881773399015 0.96990380529173

Error relativo
Zo 1
Z1 0.90861835511094 0.10057208769231
Z2 0.897974361526958 0.011853337957091
Z3 0.896604108326912 0.001528270043958
Z4 0.896425520443616 0.000199222221169
Z5 0.896402207488336 2.6007248850326E-05
Z6 0.896399163568392 3.3957193048107E-06

cuaciones siguientes:

xperimentales siguientes de los coeficientes viriales:

2

P (bar) B (cm^3/mol) C (cm^6/mol^2)

12 -140 7200

V= Z=PV/RT
1919.025906732 0.929003285507335

Tr = T (k)/Tc (k) Pr = P (bar)/ Pc (bar) α(Tr) = (Tr)^-1/2

1.0561459440312 0.238095238095238 0.97305644209897

Error relativo
Zo 1
Z1 0.934145416840499 0.070497143134563
Z2 0.928377390054285 0.006213019455242
Z3 0.927834882916825 0.000584702243307
Z4 0.9277835257464 5.5354691046118E-05
Z5 0.927778660972585 5.2434637905452E-06

Tr = T (k)/Tc (k) Pr = P (bar)/ Pc (bar) α(Tr) = (Tr; ω)

1.0561459440312 0.238095238095238 0.96619878448819

Error relativo
Zo 1
Z1 0.934747182025481 0.069807985762658
Z2 0.929075638721542 0.006104501148844
Z3 0.928546672785923 0.000569670810443
Z4 0.928497022629946 5.347368356222E-05
Z5 0.928492359554453 5.0222012543945E-06

Tr = T (k)/Tc (k) Pr = P (bar)/ Pc (bar) α(Tr) = (Tr; ω)

1.0561459440312 0.238095238095238 0.97213246117102

Error relativo
Zo 1
Z1 0.927455873681266 0.078218412732448
Z2 0.920797179838607 0.007231444653019
Z3 0.920136369505083 0.000718165649597
Z4 0.920070298199086 7.1811149785932E-05
Z5 0.92006368711555 7.1854629499797E-06
−(2𝑏𝑃)𝑉+𝑎

(20 atm) y CO2 f(V) f´(V) Error Presión (30 atm) y CO2
1.448 3.26866123 43.0718932 Vo
1.37229400322048 0.31995131 34.7549321 0.05530047 V1
1.36308807800249 0.00443547 33.7930158 0.00675373 V2
1.36295682405445 8.95243E-07 33.7793747 9.63009E-05 V3
1.36295679755181 2.91156E-14 33.779372 1.9445E-08 V4
1.36295679755181 1.1352E-14 33.779372 0 V5
1.36295679755181 -1.8846E-14 33.779372 0 V6
1.36295679755181 5.13478E-15 33.779372 0 V7

(20 atm) y Dimetilamina f(V) f´(V) Error Presión (30 atm) y Dimetilamina
1.448 38.6437357 68.022973 Vo
0.880084194678683 13.7567163 26.0469268 0.6455045 V1
0.351932968282784 2.60488164 21.7616504 1.5007154 V2
0.23223241287697 -0.20319832 25.4433256 0.51543432 V3
0.240218724091814 -0.00119972 25.1441565 0.033246 V4
0.240266437858212 -4.2093E-08 25.1423921 0.00019859 V5
 0.240266439532414 0 25.1423921 6.9681E-09 V6
0.240266439532414 0 25.1423921 0 V7

(20 atm) y Helio f(V) f´(V) Error Presión (30 atm) y Helio
1.448 -0.94548489 40.6058941 Vo
1.47146692481922 0.03140162 43.313958 0.01582395 V1
1.47074194799058 3.09236E-05 43.2286592 0.00049293 V2
1.47074123264049 3.00824E-11 43.2285751 4.86387E-07 V3
1.4707412326398 2.64784E-15 43.2285751 4.73154E-13 V4
1.4707412326398 2.64784E-15 43.2285751 0 V5

(20 atm) y Óxido Nítrico f(V) f´(V) Error Presión (30 atm) y Óxido Nítrico
1.448 0.73335563 41.6690587 Vo
1.43058297519218 0.01766079 39.6682914 0.01230234 V1
1.43013776342681 1.11603E-05 39.6181604 0.00031131 V2
1.43013748172929 4.4745E-12 39.6181287 1.96972E-07 V3
1.43013748172918 -4.1356E-15 39.6181287 7.90279E-14 V4

siguientes de los coeficientes viriales:

 σ ε Ω ψ
1 0 0.08664 0.42748

V = ZRT/P
1622.73593540776

σ ε Ω ψ
1 0 0.08664 0.42748

α(Tr)=(1+(0.480+1.574ω-0.176ω^2)*(1-Tr^1/2))^2
V = ZRT/P
1624.81213634208

σ ε Ω ψ
 2.41421356237309 -0.41421356 0.07780 0.45724

α(Tr)=(1+(0.37464+1.5422ω-0.26992ω^2)*(1-Tr^1/2))^2
V = ZRT/P
1605.55740802047

σ ε Ω ψ
1 0 0.08664 0.42748
V = ZRT/P
1916.50627023793

σ ε Ω ψ
1 0 0.08664 0.42748

α(Tr)=(1+(0.480+1.574ω-0.176ω^2)*(1-Tr^1/2))^2
V = ZRT/P
1917.98012832354

σ ε Ω ψ
2.41421356237309 -0.41421356 0.07780 0.45724

α(Tr)=(1+(0.37464+1.5422ω-0.26992ω^2)*(1-Tr^1/2))^2
V = ZRT/P
1900.57319043216
 Presión (atm)=
10 20 30
Temperatura (°C - k)= 80 353
Constante (R)= 0.08205

Gas a b
CO2 3.599 0.04267
Dimetilamina 37.49 0.19700
He 0.03412 0.02370
Óxido Nítrico 1.34 0.02789

sión (30 atm) y CO2 f(V) f´(V) Error

0.965 2.1279177076723
0.892306404919587 0.291361211049485
0.878617565617758 0.009304223930319
0.878150739539002 1.06387022771604E-05
0.878150204534086 1.39575295765582E-11
0.878150204533384 2.47024622979097E-15
0.878150204533384 2.02615701994091E-15
0.878150204533383 1.58206781009085E-15
29.09034281975
21.284581155873 0.08197699
19.930814394783 0.01557997
19.885242063895 0.0005316
19.885189858338 6.09241E-07
19.885189858269 7.99274E-13
19.885189858269 0
19.885189858269 0

sión (30 atm) y Dimetilamina f(V) f´(V) Error

0.965 23.3006471099822 54.04142261075
0.534292273625968 7.26547221983392 25.916697532804 0.80697915
0.253952843394256 0.37742719439601 25.58175904605 1.10390349
0.239199081007682 -0.002712322219901 25.955967969176 0.06167985
0.239303578062969 -1.4569629236405E-07 25.953179772405 0.00043667
0.239303583676782 0 25.95317962267 2.3459E-08
 0.239303583676782 0 25.95317962267 0
0.239303583676782 0 25.95317962267 0

sión (30 atm) y Helio f(V) f´(V) Error

0.965 -0.630592806244771 26.62434370075
0.989139820678867 0.032495264347464 29.38514667732 0.02394487
0.988033980891701 7.25349290542395E-05 29.253998123568 0.00111923
0.988031501403983 3.64249710905692E-10 29.25370431272 2.50952E-06
0.988031501391532 2.12048260894715E-15 29.253704311244 1.26022E-11
0.988031501391532 -1.43223106985335E-15 29.253704311244 0

sión (30 atm) y Óxido Nítrico f(V) f´(V) Error

0.965 0.476446221177185 27.68750831375
0.948247015237407 0.016752502014213 25.749330290539 0.01814715
0.947596415714033 2.35014915258291E-05 25.67709734262 0.00068658
0.947595500443463 4.64809024602886E-11 25.676995778182 9.65887E-07
0.947595500441653 1.63757896132211E-15 25.676995777981 1.91033E-12
.176ω^2)*(1-Tr^1/2))^2
ω-0.26992ω^2)*(1-Tr^1/2))^2
.176ω^2)*(1-Tr^1/2))^2

ω-0.26992ω^2)*(1-Tr^1/2))^2
 100

Presión (100 atm) y CO2 f(V) f´(V) Error

Vo 0.290 0.53087678 9.51617232
V1 0.233849702186153 0.14963802 4.46274975 0.23855834
V2 0.200319248777126 0.03774383 2.32386274 0.16738508
V3 0.184077400733592 0.0066585 1.53032348 0.0882338
V4 0.179726359847248 0.00040812 1.34462181 0.02420925
V5 0.179422842239434 1.90297E-06 1.33209155 0.00169163
V6 0.179421413677791 4.20319E-11 1.3320327 7.96205E-06
V7 0.179421413646236 0 1.3320327 1.75869E-10

Presión (100 atm) y Dimetilamina f(V) f´(V) Error

Vo 0.290 1.82032313 34.4672521
V1 0.236823379678864 0.0918938 31.2662138 0.22300636
V2 0.233884303136523 0.00019081 31.1372324 0.01256637
V3 0.233878175022889 8.07444E-10 31.1369689 2.62022E-05
V4 0.233878174996957 0 31.1369689 1.10878E-10
V5 0.233878174996957 0 31.1369689 0
 V6 0.233878174996957 0 31.1369689 0
V7 0.233878174996957 0 31.1369689 0

Presión (100) atm y Helio f(V) f´(V) Error

Vo 0.290 -0.18974389 7.0501732
V1 0.316549866126471 0.04219119 10.2579399 0.08502094
V2 0.312436838245574 0.00106949 9.73958029 0.01316435
V3 0.312327029329527 7.52255E-07 9.72588033 0.00035158
V4 0.312326951983795 3.7273E-13 9.72587068 2.47643E-07
V5 0.312326951983757 6.07804E-16 9.72587068 1.22637E-13

Presión (100 atm) y Óxido Nítrico f(V) f´(V) Error

Vo 0.290 0.11677305 8.11333782
V1 0.275243774219541 0.01112378 6.58830212 0.05229083
V2 0.27355535994323 0.00014439 6.41754529 0.00617211
V3 0.273532859938572 2.54703E-08 6.41528131 8.2257E-05
V4 0.273532855968316 1.13798E-15 6.41528091 1.45147E-08
 𝐹(𝑣)= 〖𝑃𝑉〗 ^(3 )−(𝑅𝑇) 𝑉^2+(a/√(𝑇 )
𝑉−𝑎𝑏/√𝑇=0

SUSTANCIA P(atm) T(K) R

Amoniaco 56 450 0.08206

W q ᾳ(Tr) ‫ס‬
0.253 0.94926872439 1

a.) f ( x i )( x i  x i  1 )
xi 1  xi 
f ( xi )  f ( xi 1 )
f(Xi-1) f(Xi)
Vo 0.65941071429
V1 0.31378622897 1.9018777432 -1.05550778
V2 0.43714158109 -1.0555077771 -1.15298423
V3 -1.0219469145 -1.1529842335 -101.548376
V4 0.45389838636 -101.5483761 -1.09451514
V5 0.46997875412 -1.0945151408 -1.01765985
 V6 0.68290286718 -1.01765985 2.58687925
V7 0.53009304742 2.58687925438 -0.52654079
V8 0.55593620445 -0.5265407891 -0.20387266
V9 0.57226478656 -0.203872657 0.0385188
V10 0.56966998628 0.03851880238 -0.00207239
V11 0.56980246438 -0.0020723924 -1.9223E-05
V12 0.56980370473 -1.9223281E-05 9.75124E-09
V13 0.56980370411 9.75124181E-09 -4.52E-14

b.)
Pr: 1 111.3

f(Xi-1) f(Xi)
Vo 0.33177897574
V1 0.25041451748 0.89265529206 0.08022985
V2 0.24237949278 0.08022985235 0.03939878
V3 0.23462632342 0.03939878309 0.00539025
V4 0.23339747054 0.00539024586 0.00046513
V5 0.23328141618 0.00046513356 6.4194E-06
V6 0.23327979208 6.41939658E-06 7.83187E-09
V7 0.2332797901 7.8318696E-09 1.32325E-13
V8 0.2332797901 1.32338585E-13 0
V9 0.2332797901 0 0
V10 #DIV/0! 0 #DIV/0!

Pr=10 1113

f(Xi-1) f(Xi)
Vo 0.03317789757
V1 0.05575890767 -0.0271423849 0.10369122
V2 0.03786249274 0.10369121879 -0.00873592
V3 0.0392530962 -0.0087359151 -0.00254692
V4 0.03982536362 -0.0025469223 0.00010472
V5 0.03980276291 0.00010472212 -1.185E-06
V6 0.03980301579 -1.1849893E-06 -5.4252E-10
V7 0.0398030159 -5.4252224E-10 2.81025E-15
〖𝑃𝑉〗 ^(3 )−(𝑅𝑇) 𝑉^2+(a/√(𝑇 )−𝑏𝑅𝑇−𝑃𝑏^2 )
𝑇=0

Tc Pc a b A* B* ᾳ
405.5 111.3 85.6348711 0.02590273667 3.5168239 0.039281643606 0.90940971

ϵ Ω Ψ Zc Tr=T/Tc Pr=P/Pc β = bP /RT (50)

0 0.08664 0.42748 0.242 1.10974106 0.503144654088

xi 1 ) Vo=RT/P

xi 1 )
ERROR
Z=𝑍𝑖𝑑𝑒𝑎𝑙/
1.1014648 𝑍𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑙
0.28218627
1.42775371 V Z
3.25148832 0.5698037 0.86411047378
0.0342151
 0.31179268
0.28826981
0.04648583
0.02853326
0.00455492
0.0002325
2.17682E-06
1.10366E-09

Pr=2 222.6

ERROR f(Xi-1) f(Xi) ERROR

Vo 0.16588949
0.32491909 V1 0.14777516 0.381656582624 0.24050921 0.12258032
0.0331506 V2 0.11690911 0.240509213754 0.08907516 0.26401755
0.03304475 V3 0.09875336 0.089075156785 0.03913826 0.18384944
0.00526507 V4 0.08452371 0.039138264359 0.01377634 0.168351
0.00049749 V5 0.0767943 0.013776341921 0.00355838 0.10065074
6.96204E-06 V6 0.07410256 0.003558378006 0.00043416 0.03632457
8.50428E-09 V7 0.07372849 0.000434163521 1.49941E-05 0.00507354
1.43728E-13 V8 0.07371511 1.4994074E-05 6.42286E-08 0.00018152
0 V9 0.07371506 6.42286127E-08 9.51693E-12 7.80896E-07
#DIV/0! V10 0.07371506 9.51692891E-12 0 1.15725E-10

Pr=20 2226

ERROR f(Xi-1) f(Xi) ERROR

Vo 0.01658895
0.40497583 V1 0.04126262 -0.07824225587 0.05442344 0.59796663
0.47266869 V2 0.03114074 0.05442343722 -0.02373894 0.32503649
0.03542659 V3 0.03421489 -0.0237389406 -0.00434193 0.08984823
0.01436942 V4 0.03490302 -0.00434193041 0.00048219 0.01971559
0.00056782 V5 0.03483424 0.000482188872 -8.2844E-06 0.00197454
6.35324E-06 V6 0.0348354 -8.28443685E-06 -1.5386E-08 3.33502E-05
2.91003E-09 V7 0.0348354 -1.53858145E-08 4.92419E-13 6.20531E-08
 β = bP /RT (50) q = α(T) / bRT

β = bP /RT (50) q = α(T) / bRT

Pr=4 445.2

f(Xi-1) f(Xi) ERROR

Vo 0.08294474
V1 0.09473792 0.126157227906 0.20608478 0.12448211
V2 0.06433046 0.206084776267 0.0400835 0.47267604
V3 0.05698812 0.040083501937 0.01642558 0.12883983
V4 0.05189037 0.016425579286 0.00254843 0.09824078
V5 0.0509542 0.00254842994 0.00019336 0.01837261
V6 0.05087734 0.000193358531 2.45346E-06 0.00151073
V7 0.05087635 2.45345538E-06 2.38841E-09 1.94158E-05
V8 0.05087635 2.38840679E-09 2.95319E-14 1.89194E-08
V9 0.05087635 2.95319325E-14 0 2.33904E-13
V10 0.05087635 0 0 0
TEORÍA 5:

MÉTODO DE LA BISECCIÓN
COMPONENTE i Zi Ki
DIOXIDO DE CARBONO 1 0.0046 1.650
METANO 2 0.8345 3.090
ETANO 3 0.0381 0.720
PROPANO 4 0.0163 0.390
ISOBUTANO 5 0.0050 0.210
n-Butano 6 0.0074 0.175
Pentano 7 0.0287 0.093
Hexano 8 0.0220 0.065
Heptano 9 0.0434 0.036
Total 1.0E+00

Suponer que F = 1000 moles/h. Además deberían ser leídos como datos la tolerancia ε y un nú
¿Cuál sería un buen valor de arranque para θ?

αl αD f(αl) f(αD)
0.80 0.89 0.233495666486264 -0.012672216363882
0.845 0.89 0.130872081922318 -0.012672216363882
0.8675 0.89 0.06613920 -0.012672216363882
0.87875 0.89 0.028843705797251 -0.012672216363882
0.884375 0.89 0.008667524806032 -0.012672216363882
0.884375 0.8871875 0.008667524806032 -0.001849298271329
0.88578125 0.8871875 0.003446383841226 -0.001849298271329
0.886484375 0.8871875 0.000807981654948 -0.001849298271329
0.886484375 0.8868359375 0.000807981654948 -0.000518283206998
0.88666015625 0.8868359375 0.000145441065879 -0.000518283206998
0.88666015625 0.886748046875 0.000145441065879 -0.000186272869065
0.88666015625 0.8867041015625 0.000145441065879 -2.03788813877281E-05
0.88668212890625 0.8867041015625 6.254034352926E-05 -2.03788813877281E-05
0.886693115234375 0.8867041015625 2.108304436238E-05 -2.03788813877281E-05
0.886698608398438 0.8867041015625 3.5265986875199E-07 -2.03788813877281E-05
 PRÁCTICA 5:

Se emplea un intercambiador de calor tal como se mue

temperatura de salida del aceite y del agua de enfriamient
de 150 000, 80 000, 50 000, 30 000 y 14000 lbm/h.

Calor que pierde el aceite = calor que gana el agua

v2 (gal/min)
300 (300 gal/min)*(1pie3/7.48 gal)*(60min/1h)*(62.4 lbm/pie3)
datos:
m1 (lbm/h) m2 (lbm/h) cp1 cp2
150000 150160.427807487 0.5 1
80000 150160.428
50000 150160.428
30000 150160.428
14000 150160.428

F(TC0) F(TC1)
TC0 250
TC1 350 -66697254217.9068 -36944792451.9226

150000 474.17390111282
534.398571513841
-36944792451.9226
-12066188637.9319
-12066188637.9319
-4822882731.77672
150000 574.498565448545 -4822882731.77672
597.514478502579 -1758717491.68056
-1758717491.68056
-645998788.157883
610.876572528844 -645998788.157883 -225273569.044156
618.031186691364 -225273569.044156 -73935949.1531977
621.526571310945 -73935949.1531977 -21645554.4191393
622.973482132402 -21645554.4191393 -5075512.89874277
623.4166804508 -5075512.89874277 -728578.22343725
623.490963748703 -728578.22343725 -38168.448608445
623.49507040875 -38168.448608445 -335.40998730436
623.495106816473 -335.40998730436 -0.158434676006436
623.495106833679 -0.158434676006436 -6.72414898872376E-07
623.495106833679 -6.724148988724E-07 3.74391674995422E-07

𝑇_(𝐻_2
dfgjh )=𝑇_(𝐻_1 )−(𝑚 ̇_2.𝑐_(𝑝_2
))/(𝑚 ̇_1.𝑐_(𝑝_1 ) )(𝑇_(𝐶_2 )−𝑇_(𝐶_1 ))

TC2 (R) T(°F) TH2 TH2 (°F)

623.495106833679 163.495106833679 542.83118717364 82.83118717364

F(TC0) F(TC1)
TC0 250
TC1 350 -70406971446.6624 -33733918314.1633

30000
441.985573691624 -33733918314.1633 -11592519942.6612
490.146244466138 -11592519942.6612 -4474095639.93745
520.416348911341 -4474095639.93745 -1613335666.90362
537.48728097229 -1613335666.90362 -576401554.718075
546.976516271608 -576401554.718075 -195839628.361555
551.859738122636 -195839628.361555 -62101103.1016907
554.127248273881 -62101103.1016907 -17028959.6843318
554.983949021209 -17028959.6843318 -3373293.44999716
555.195575680061 -3373293.44999716 -327458.701842867
555.218327732196 -327458.701842867 -8251.33642655611
555.218915860343 -8251.33642655611 -21.5998761616647
555.218917403952 -21.5998761616647 -0.001434780657291
555.218917404055 -0.001434780657291 -5.21540641784668E-08
555.218917404055 -5.215406417847E-08 -5.21540641784668E-08

TC2 (R) T(°F) TH2 TH2 (°F)

555.218917404055 95.2189174040548 557.648056594033 97.6480565940325
 X1 Y1
0.0029180666 0.00481480988 tenemos:
0.29246801961 0.9037261806
Balance de materia: F = L + V
0.05068440 0.03649276988
0.0355055087 0.01384714839 Balance individual: zi F = xi L + yi V
0.01669621658 0.00350620548 Relación de equilibrio: Ki = yi / xi
0.02756741467 0.00482429757
0.14663841288 0.0136373724
0.12873735049 0.00836792778
0.29894978497 0.01076219226

a tolerancia ε y un número máximo de iteraciones.

Xi = zi/(α(Ki -1) + 1)

αM f(αM) error
0.845 0.13087208192 F α
0.8675 0.06613919591 0.02593659942 1000 0.886748046875
0.87875 0.0288437058 0.01280227596
0.884375 0.00866752481 0.00636042403
0.8871875 -0.00184929827 0.00317013033
0.88578125 0.00344638384 0.00158758158
0.886484375 0.00080798165 0.00079316119 SOLVER
0.8868359375 -0.00051828321 0.00039642338 0.8867
0.88666015625 0.00014544107 0.00019825099 -3.25445777549E-08
0.88674804688 -0.00018627287 9.9115668E-05
0.88670410 -2.0378881E-05 4.956029E-05
0.88668212891 6.25403435E-05 2.4780759E-05
0.88669311523 2.10830444E-05 1.2390226E-05
0.8866986084 3.52659869E-07 6.1950746E-06
0.88670135498 -1.0012966E-05 3.0975277E-06
como se muestra en la figura, para enfriar aceite, encuentre la
de enfriamiento (TH2 y TC2, respectivamente) para flujos de aceite
lbm/h.

TH1 = 250 °F
cp1 = 0.5 Btu /Lbm °F
m2 = 300 gal / min
A = 1 000 pie 2
Tc1 = 80°F
cp2 = 1 Btu/ lbm °F
U = 120 Btu / h.pie2. °F
 

in/1h)*(62.4 lbm/pie3)

TH1 (°F) TH1(R) Tc1 (°F) Tc1 (R) A U

250 710 80 540 1000 120

f ( xi )( xi  xi 1 )
xi 1  xi 
f ( xi )  f ( xi 1 )

F(TC0) F(TC1)
TC0 250
TC1 350 -54396966774.4519 -28034113572.8471

80000
456.339452 -28034113572.8471 -9379767436.68762
509.808993 -9379767436.68762 -3673826435.21495
80000 544.235885
563.616899
574.412003
-3673826435.21495 -1323271776.79251
-1323271776.79251 -473382833.773777
-473382833.773777 -159414883.922833
579.893137 -159414883.922833 -49552003.6455624
582.36532 -49552003.6455624 -13085698.2906197
583.252447 -13085698.2906197 -2424503.9038749
583.454192 -2424503.9038749 -208447.951957159
583.473169 -208447.951957159 -4265.80880341493
583.473565 -4265.80880341493 -7.9538583420217
583.473566 -7.9538583420217 -0.00030438229442
583.473566 -0.00030438229442 -6.33299350739E-07
583.473566 -6.33299350739E-07 6.74277544022E-07

TC2 (R) T(°F) TH2

583.473566 123.47356591931 546.799768580985

F(TC0) F(TC1)
TC0 250
TC1 350 -105706726382.839 -49047145886.8774

14000
436.564612 -49047145886.8774 -17085200647.5948
482.83757 -17085200647.5948 -6572649032.05137
511.768312 -6572649032.05137 -2386415751.15285
528.260651 -2386415751.15285 -861292884.294182
537.57448 -861292884.294182 -299130772.699589
542.53044 -299130772.699589 -98855509.2399093
544.976693 -98855509.2399093 -29473403.6705577
546.015857 -29473403.6705577 -6985339.3805342
546.338647 -6985339.3805342 -980653.914202016
546.391363 -980653.914202016 -48003.090330191
546.394076 -48003.090330191 -375.035806186497
546.394098 -375.035806186497 -0.14633733406663
546.394098 -0.14633733406663 -2.71946191788E-07
546.394098 -2.71946191788E-07 -2.71946191788E-07

TC2 (R) T(°F) TH2 TH2 (°F)

546.394097726 86.3940977 572.837078402379 112.837078402379
Ki = Yi/Xi

V L
α=V/F F-V
886.748046875 113.251953
 ncuentre la
os de aceite

°F
 

m2*cp2/m1.cp1
2.00213903743315

F(TC0) F(TC1)
TC0 250
TC1 350 -58385453937.524 -28898054181.4518

50000
448.001365 -28898054181.452 -9808117508.15527
498.352967 -9808117508.1553 -3806511542.57492
 50000 530.288412
548.225359
558.148562
-3806511542.5749
-1369037925.2128
-487622684.50836
-1369037925.21277
-487622684.50836
-164000368.573332
563.177291 -164000368.57333 -50974242.9683104
565.445223 -50974242.968311 -13434209.1391474
566.256834 -13434209.139147 -2455686.00285616
566.438376 -2455686.0028562 -203835.491009805
566.454809 -203835.49100981 -3914.51224874705
566.45513 -3914.5122487471 -6.57962492108345
566.455131 -6.5796249210835 -0.00021335855126
566.455131 -0.0002133585513 6.55651092529E-07
566.455131 6.5565109253E-07 6.55651092529E-07

TH2 (°F) TC2 (R) T(°F) TH2 TH2 (°F)

86.7997685809848 566.455131 106.455131 551.09944853533 91.0994485353313
TEORÍA 6:

componente composicion del liquido %mol presion de vapor de componente puro

150 200
1 10 25 200
2 54 14.7 60
3 30 4 14.7
4 6 0.5 5

Ln(25)= Ai + Bi/609.67
Ln(Pt 0)=Ai+ Bi/T1
Ln(200)= Ai + Bi/659.67

∑_(𝑖=1)^4▒ 〖𝑃 _𝑖^0∗𝑋𝑖=𝑃𝑇 〗
∑▒ 〖𝑃 _𝑖=𝑃𝑇 〗

∑_(𝑖=1)^4▒ 〖𝑒 ^(𝐴𝑖+

Ln(Pi 0)=Ai+ Bi/T 𝑃_𝐼^0=𝑒^(𝐴𝑖+𝐵𝑖/𝑇)

componente composicion del liquido %mol presion de vapor de componente puro

150 200
1 10 25 200
2 54 14.7 60
3 30 4 14.7
4 6 0.5 5

𝑥_𝑀=𝑥_𝐷−(𝑥_𝐷−𝑥_𝐿
f𝑇=𝑃𝑇−∑_(𝑖=1)^4▒ 〖𝑒 ^(𝐴𝑖 =(𝑥_𝐿 𝑓(𝑥_𝐷 )−𝑥_𝐷 𝑓
+𝐵𝑖/𝑇)∗𝑋𝑖=0 〗
 𝑥_𝑀=𝑥_𝐷−(𝑥_𝐷−𝑥_𝐿
f𝑇=𝑃𝑇−∑_(𝑖=1)^4▒ 〖𝑒 ^(𝐴𝑖 =(𝑥_𝐿 𝑓(𝑥_𝐷 )−𝑥_𝐷 𝑓
+𝐵𝑖/𝑇)∗𝑋𝑖=0 〗

TL TD F(TL)
650 680 35.4927176381167
667.118520957685 680 7.05641189311716
669.810629327371 680 1.06195010144666
670.200283107378 680 0.152486064638182
670.255916100295 680 0.021745668438328
670.263843332306 680 0.0030980523468
670.264972574727 680 0.000441310173059
670.26513342996 680 6.2862328448432E-05
670.265156342894 680 8.95438483894395E-06
670.265159606711 680 1.27550120510023E-06
670.265160071624 680 1.81687880740355E-07
670.265160137848 680 2.58805101793769E-08
670.265160147281 680 3.68642361081584E-09
670.265160148625 680 5.25176346855005E-10
 T1 ( R) T2 ( R)
609.67 659.67

𝐵𝑖=𝐿𝑛((𝑃_𝑖^0 2)/(𝑃_𝑖^0 1)
reemplazando en
reemplazando en 𝐿𝑛 (𝑃_𝑖^0.2)/(𝑃_𝑖^0.1)=𝐵𝑖(1/𝑇2−1/𝑇1)
Ai=Ln(Pi1 0)-Bi/T1 Reemplazando
ambos en ambos en funcion de Bi

∑_(𝑖=1)^4▒ 〖𝑒 ^(𝐴𝑖+𝐵𝑖/𝑇)∗𝑋𝑖=𝑃𝑇 〗
f𝑇=𝑃𝑇−∑_(𝑖=1)^4▒ 〖𝑒 ^(𝐴𝑖+𝐵𝑖/𝑇)∗𝑋𝑖=0 〗

Ai Bi Xi PT(Psia)
75
30.6537799 -16726.2379 0.1
21.2443259 -11313.3282 0.54
18.5582055 -10469.199 0.3
29.685779 -18521.1199 0.06

𝑥_𝐷−(𝑥_𝐷−𝑥_𝐿 )𝑓(𝑥_𝐷 )/(𝑓(𝑥_𝐷 )−𝑓(𝑥_𝐿 ) )

𝑓(𝑥_𝐷 )−𝑥_𝐷 𝑓(𝑥_𝐿))/(𝑓(𝑥_𝐷 )−𝑓(𝑥_𝐿))
𝑥_𝐷−(𝑥_𝐷−𝑥_𝐿 )𝑓(𝑥_𝐷 )/(𝑓(𝑥_𝐷 )−𝑓(𝑥_𝐿 ) )
𝑓(𝑥_𝐷 )−𝑥_𝐷 𝑓(𝑥_𝐿))/(𝑓(𝑥_𝐷 )−𝑓(𝑥_𝐿))

F(TD) TM F( TM)
-26.7078388 667.118521 7.05641189
-26.7078388 669.810629 1.0619501 T ( R)
-26.7078388 670.200283 0.15248606 670.26516
-26.7078388 670.255916 0.02174567
-26.7078388 670.263843 0.00309805
-26.7078388 670.264973 0.00044131
-26.7078388 670.265133 6.28623E-05 Ai Bi Xi PT(Psia)
-26.7078388 670.265156 8.95438E-06 75
-26.7078388 670.26516 1.2755E-06 30.6537799 -16726.2379 0.1
-26.7078388 670.26516 1.81688E-07 21.2443259 -11313.3282 0.54
-26.7078388 670.26516 2.58805E-08 18.5582055 -10469.199 0.3
-26.7078388 670.26516 3.68642E-09 29.685779 -18521.1199 0.06
-26.7078388 670.26516 5.25176E-10
-26.7078388 670.26516 7.47775E-11
 𝐵𝑖=𝐿𝑛((𝑃_𝑖^0 2)/(𝑃_𝑖^0 1))/((1/𝑇2−1/𝑇1) )
zando en
on de Bi
Yi

0.39814003
0.56652572
0.07556636
0.00623456