Manual Del Manejo de Sable, de Jin Enzhong

19/12/2016 JINENZHONGSSABERMANUAL|BrennanTranslation
BrennanTranslation
JINENZHONGSSABERMANUAL
PostedonJune17,2016

PRACTICALTECHNIQUESFORTHELARGESABER

byJinEnzhong
[publishedJune,1933]
[translationbyPaulBrennan,June,2016]

Portraitoftheauthor,JinEnzhong

CONTENTS
https://brennantranslation.wordpress.com/2016/06/17/jinenzhongssabermanual/ 1/35

Portraitoftheauthor

Preface

HOLDINGTHESABER

READINESSPOSTURE

Posture1:CHOPPING

Posture2:HANGING

Posture3:SLASHING

Posture4:SWEEPING

Posture5:RAISING

Posture6:ROLLING

Posture7:TWINING

Posture8:HACKING

Posture9:DEFLECTING

Posture10:PULLING

Posture11:COILING

Posture12:STABBING

FINISHING

PRACTICALTECHNIQUESFORTHELARGESABER

PREFACE

Recently,thelargesaberunitsofourarmieshaverepeatedlybeentriumphant,lettingusknowthatthestrengthof
humanbulletssurpassesthatofartilleryshells.OurChinesenationisavastterritorywithabundantresources.
Wehavefourhundredseventymillionbodiesofcompatriotstomingleamongstthetriflingnumberofthose
Japanesegoblins.Ifeveryoneweretoembracethenotionthatdeathisinevitableandberesolvedtodielikea
martyr,victorywillnotbedifficult.
Examiningournationsartsofpouncingsaber,shavingsaber,anddraggingsaber,Ihavenowmadeastudyofa
dozenposturesofpracticallargesabertechniques.Withinthemthereisnosoloset,nosecrets,nobranches,no
styles,justlargesabertechniques.Ihaveusednoneofdecorativeprettinessofflowerypostures,thesudden
backandforthofsolosets,oranyoftheelegantstructureofaseriesofphonyposes.Selectingtheintentionof
advancingdirectlytokilltheenemy,IhavemadeuseofJapanesebayonettechniquesstraightstab,slidingstab,
downwardstabfortheroleoftheimaginaryopponents.
Practicingthiscanstrengthenonesbodyandincreaseonesbravery.Braveryisgeneratedfromthestrengthof
onesselfconfidence.Practitionersofmartialartshavesuchreliablemethodsoffightingopponentsandobtaining
victorythattheydonotfearfailure.Theytherebyhaveasolidselfconfidence.Withasolidselfconfidence,
braveryarisesautomatically.Simplyput,bycultivatingironChinamentoday,wepreparehumanbulletsfor
tomorrow,withthehopesthattheywillfighttheenemy,achievevictory,avengehumiliation,andengenderawe.
Eventhoughourmodernarmytrainsinlargesabertechniques,theydonotresemblethewhirlingofthespring
&autumnhalberd,orthenumerousroutinesofthedraggingsaber,decorativedisplaysofrushingbackandforth
insetaftersetthatstudentsfinddifficulttoremember,withtechniquessolackinginpracticalitythat,despite
beingdeemedunusuallyagile,theyarehardlyeversuitabletothecriticalmomentsinwhichtheywouldactually
beneeded.Furthermore,withoutbookstoverifythematerial,theteachingshavebeenpasseddownthroughthe
generationsundertheinfluenceoftheneedtoshowoff,andsoithasinevitablylosttouchwithitsoriginalversion
andbecometrulyuseless.
Duetoourrecentdefeats[duringtheDefenseoftheGreatWall(Jan1May31,1933)]atShanhaiPass[Jan1
3,1933]andRehe[Feb21March1,1933],ourpeopleareallrousedinangerandstickingouttheirchestsin
defiance,knowingtherehasnotyetbeenadeclarationofwarbetweenusandJapan.Butifwarisdeclaredandwe
arenotskillfulatmatchinghisbayonettechniques,itwillbeverydifficulttoresistcruelJapansbushido,national
spirit[Yamatodamashii],andhumanbulletmentality.
Nowstudythesedozenposturesofpracticallargesabertechniques.Theyarenotcomplicatedorelaborate,only
practical.Ifyoupracticewithperseveranceandmaintainconstancy,regulartrainingwillprepareyouforwhatever
maycome.Whenyousomedayencounterperil,activateyourskillandrouseyourspirit.Thisartcanbeusedfor
destroyingtheenemyandforprotectingtheself.Whetherduringpeacetimeorwartime,itisalwayshasbenefit.
[Includedbelowisanadditionalpreface,whichaccompaniedthematerialinJinsmanualwhenitwasreprinted
inserializedforminMartialArtsWeeklyoverthecourseof1935.]

PREFACETOLARGESABERTECHNIQUES

ThesituationhasworsenedandnowthoseshamefulinvadingJapaneseareanurgentissue.Thisisbecauseour
firearmsareoutdated,ourweaponryisnotabundant,ourindustryisnotflourishing,andourmilitaryisinastate
ofscientificregression.ForourstrongsonstofendoffJapaneseaggression,therighttrainingformindand
methodistheimportantquestion.WhenIthinkaboutthis,Ibecomesoanxious[myorgansseemtobeburning]
thatIcannothelpbutappeartobeinmourning.
The19thDivisionofourmilitias,its1stBrigadeand7thBrigade,andthe107thDivision,havebeenorganizing
skilledunits,incorporatingtraditionalmethods.BecauseoftheMukdenIncident[Sep18,1931],ourtroops
dashedheadlong,racingtotheeasttofortifynorthernHebei,andhavenowgarrisonedallthewaythroughHunan
andHubeiaswell.Everyonehasaheartthathasexperiencedtheprickingofprovocation,andsoourcommittee
headChiangKaishekhasbeenencouragingphysicaleducation,callingoutforthepromotionofChinesemartial
arts.Ourarmyhasaccordinglyadoptedastrategyofpopularizingitstechniquesandhasbeengivinginstruction
inthepracticaldrillingofChinesebayonettechniquesandothermartialarts,allconductedbyexperts.
Thelargesaberartissomethingeveryarmythroughouttheageshashadinstructionin,butitstilllackeda
specializedbook,whichwasagreatpity,untilourarmysChinesebayonetinstructorJinJingzhong[Enzhong]
producedamanualoflargesabertechniques.Havingalreadybeenprintedforthestudentsinthecourse,hehas
recentlyputforthhisexperienceagainandcompileditintoaproperbookPracticalTechniquesfortheLarge
Saber.Thesetechniquesarealreadycommonlydrilledbythearmy,sohisbriefbookismeanttosharethe
trainingwithlikemindedpeople[i.e.extendingthispartofthemilitarystrainingtothecivilianmilitias].
Todealwiththescientificmilitaryofourpowerfulenemy,wehavetorelyonafearlessspiritandahuman
bulletmentality.Thelargesabertechniqueshaveemergedasaresponsetothesituation,todealwiththeenemys
newmethods,andtheprobleminthiswaywillbesolved.ThereforeIsaythelargesabertechniquesareamatter
offearlessspirit.Iespeciallyhopeouryoungsoldierswillkeeptheminmindandworkhardatthem,andIhope
wewillallgivethemencouragement.ThusIwritethispreface.
writtenbyWangYizhe,Jan,1935

PRACTICALTECHNIQUESFORTHELARGESABERTWELVEPOSTURES

HOLDINGTHESABER

Command:Standatattention!

Movement:

Withinthismanual,themovementoftheattentionpostureissimplytheactionoftherighthandholdingthe
saber.[Seedrawing1:]

Posture:

Yourrighthandholdstheupperpartofthesaberhandle,thetigersmouthcoveringdownward.Thesaberedgeis
facingdownward,thesabertippointingforward,thesaberhandlepointingtotherear,thesaberbodyinclinedat
afortyfivedegreeangleforwardandback,yourrighthandspulseareanearyourrightthigh.Yourgazeis
forward.Therestisthesameastheusualattentionposture.

Function:

Thisisthebeginningpostureforthelargesabertechniques.

READINESSPOSTURE

Command:Totheright,turn!

Movement:

Continuingfromthepreviousposture,turntotheright.Atthesametime,yourrightarmbendsandgoesupward
infrontofyourchest,yourrighthandsendingthesabertiparcingupwardfrominfrontofyourchest,thesaber
edgefacingforward,yourlefthandseekingthequickestroutetocatchthelowerpartofthesaberhandle.Your
headcorrespondinglyturnedtotheleft,yourgazeisforward.[Seedrawing2:]

Posture:

Yourbodyisfacingtotheright,yourleftshoulderalignedtothefront,yourrightshoulderalignedtotherear.
Yourrighthandisholdingthesaberhandleclosetothehilt,thehandatshoulderlevel,yourlefthandholdingthe
lowerpartofthesaberhandle,alignedwiththeverticalpositionofthesaberbody.Thesaberedgeisfacing
forward,likethefirstmovementofholdinguparifle[similartoPresentarms!],yourrighthandstigersmouth
facingforward,yourlefthandstigersmouthfacingtotherear,thesaberbodyabouttwentycentimetersfrom
yourchest.Yourgazeisforward.

Function:

Thereadinesspostureislikeanattentionposturewhendrillingandthebasisofkillingtheenemywhenfighting.
Althoughthepostureissimple,itsfunctionalityisvast.Itsonlyrequirementisthatyoushowmartialspirit,
expressingattack.Youshouldcloseyourmouth,keepyourtonguein,calmyourmind,holdyourbreath,andbe
resolvedtoriskyourlifeinthefaceofcertaindeath.

POSTURE1

Command:Onechopping!

Movement:

Continuingfromthepreviousposture,yourrightfootstompsthegroundandyourleftfootadvancesahalfstep,
heellifted.Atthesametime,yourrighthandpullsbackthesaber,yourlefthandcorrespondinglyshiftingupward,
thebackofthesaberproppingagainstthehollowofyour[right]shoulder.Seedrawing3:

Thenyourleftfootadvancesasteptotheforwardleft,yourrightfootstayingwhereitis,asyourrighthand
forcefullypushesoutthesabertiptotheforwardleft,yourlefthandcorrespondinglydrawingbackthesaber
handle,fiercelydoingadiagonalchoptotheforwardleft,yourrighthandstigersmouthhavingastrongenergy
ofclosingtowardtheforwardleft.Yourgazegoesalongwiththemovementofthesabertip.[Seedrawing4:]

Posture:

Yourleftlegisbenttowardtheforwardleft,yourrightlegstraighteningbehind,theheelpressingtheground,the
toesofbothfeethavinganenergyofclosinginward.Thesabertipishigherthanthesaberhandle,yourright
handstigersmouthfacingtotheforwardleft,yourlefthandstigersmouthfacingtotheforwardright,thesaber
edgefacingtotheleft,thesaberbodyalignedwithyourleftleg,thesabertipateyelevel.Yourgazeistothesaber
tip.

Function:

Whenanopponentinfrontofme,totheleftsideofmysaber,stabstomyupperbody,Istompmyfoottorattle
hisspirit,thenIusethemiddlesectionofmysaberedgetofiercelychoptohisfronthandholdinghisbayonet,
sendinghisbayonetawaybypushingittomyforwardleft.Thestraightforceofhisbayonetismoreaggressive,
andthesidewaysforceofmysaberismoresubtle.Ihavetopushwithmyrighthandanddrawbackwithmyleft
hand,thetwoactionsworkingtogether.Myrighthandstigersmouthhastohaveacoveringenergy.

POSTURE2

Command:Twohanging!

Movement:

Continuingfromthepreviousposture,yourrightfootstayingwhereitis,yourleftfootwithdrawsahalfstep,heel
lifted,asyourrighthandsendsthesabertipsinkingdown,thebackofthesaberfacingtotherear,thenhangingto
therear,arcingtotheupperrightofyourhead,thesaberedgefacingforward,thendrawingintobeinfrontof
yourrightshoulder,yourlefthandmovingcorrespondingly.Yourgazegoesalongwiththemovementofthesaber
tip,yourbodyslightlysquattingdown.[Seedrawing5:]

Posture:

Yourbodyissquaredtotheright,yourleftshoulderalignedtothefront,yourrightshoulderalignedtotherear.
Yourlegsareslightlybent,yourleftfootforward,heellifted,yourrightfootintherear,toespointingtotheright.
Thesaberedgeisfacingforward,yourrighthandatchinlevel,thetigersmouthfacingforward,yourlefthands
tigersmouthfacingtotherear.Thesaberbodyisvertical,abouttwentycentimetersawayfromyourchest.Your
gazeisforward.

Function:


Whenanopponentinfrontofme,totherightsideofmysaber,stabstothemiddleofmybody,Isinkmysaber
tip,pressingdownhisbayonetintheupperright,thenhangtotherear,hangingawayhisweapontotheleft.Once
Ihavehungawayhisbayonettomyforwardright,Icouldthentakeadvantageoftheopportunitytochoptohis
chestorhisfronthandholdinghisbayonet,orIholdmysaberandwatchforwhathewilldonext.Mysaber
presseshisbayonettotheupperright,thenarcsintohangingawayhisweapontothelowerleft.Iusethebackof
mysabertohangtotherear,anactionoftwiningandcoiling.

POSTURE3

Command:Threeslashing!

Movement:

Continuingfromthepreviousposture,yourleftfootadvancesahalfsteptotheforwardright.Atthesametime,
thesabertipgoesfromabove,sinkingdownwardandforward,thebackofthesaberparalleltoyourrightlegas
yourrightfootadvancesastep.Seedrawing6:

Thenthesabertipgoesupwardbesideyourleftshoulder,hanginguntilatyourupperleft,thesaberedgenow
facingtotherear.Yourleftfootthenadvancesastealthstepbehindyourrightlegasthesabertiparcsfromabove
sothesaberedgeisfacingforward,fiercelyslashingoutforward.Yourgazegoesalongwiththemovementofthe
sabertip.Forthistechniquetowork,themovementhastobenimble.[Seedrawing7:]

Posture:

Yourlegsseemtobeinasittingtwistedstance,yourleftkneebehindyourrightknee.Yourbodyissquaredtothe
left,yourrightshoulderalignedtothefront,yourleftshoulderalignedtotherear.Thesabertipisatshoulder
level,thesaberedgefacingdownward,thesabertippointingforward,thelowersectionofthesaberhandleabove
yourrightthigh.Yourgazeistowardthesabertip.Yourrighthandstigersmouthisangledforwardand
downward.

Function:

Whenanopponentfrommyforwardleft,totheleftsideofmysaber,stabstothemiddleofmybody,Iadvancea
stepwhileusingthebackofmysabertohangasidehisbayonettotheupperright,thengoingtotherear,hanging
asidetomyforwardleft.Nowthatheisunprotectedinfront,Icrowdhim,seizingtheopportunitybysendingmy
saberfromtheupperleftofmyhead,fiercelyslashingoutforward,slashingtohisupperbodyortohisforward
handholdinghisbayonet.

POSTURE4

Command:Foursweeping!

Movement:

Continuingfromthepreviousposture,yourleftfootstepsasquicklyasitcanaroundyourrightlegtoadvancea
steptotheforwardleft,andyourrightfootthenadvancesastepforward.Therehastobeanimblenesstothe
stepping,aqualityofpracticaladaptability.Atthesametime,thesaberedgesweepsacrosstotheleft,thensweeps
acrossforwardanddownward.Yourgazegoesalongwiththemovementofthesabertip.Yourrighthandstigers
mouthiscoveringtowardthelowerleft.[Seedrawing8:]

Posture:

Yourlegsareslightlybent,almostmakingahorseridingstance,yourrightfootinfront,leftfootbehind.Your
bodyissquaredtotheleft,yourrightshoulderalignedtothefront,leftshoulderalignedtotherear.Thesaber
edgeisfacingtotheright,thesabertippointingforward,thesaberhandleishigherthanthesabertip,makinga
slightlydiagonalwaveshape.Yourrightarmisextendedstraight,thetigersmouthputtingitsenergyinto
coveringdownwardtotheforwardleft,yourleftarmbentinfrontofyourlowerabdomen,tigersmouthfacing
forward.Yourgazeistowardthesabertip.

Function:

Whenanopponenttomyforwardleft,totheleftsideofmysaber,stabstothemiddleofmybody,Iadvanceastep
whileusingmysaberedgetodeflecthisbayonettotheleft,myrighthandstigersmouthcoveringtowardtheleft.
OnceIhavedeflectedhisbayonettomyforwardleft,Itakeadvantageoftheopportunitybyturningmysaberedge
totheforwardrightandsweepingacrosstohislowerbodyorhisfronthandholdinghisbayonet.

POSTURE5

Command:Fiveraising!

Movement:

Continuingfromthepreviousposture,yourleftfootstomps,thenyourtorsoinclinestotherearasthebackofthe
saberhangsupwarduntiltotheupperrightofyourhead,yourrightfootretreatingahalfstep.Seedrawing9:

Thenthesaberedgearcsfromtherearuntiltotherightofyourrightlegandfiercelyraisesoutforward,thesaber
edgefacingupward.Seedrawing10:

Withoutpausing,yourleftfootmakesastealthstepbehindyourrightfoot,advancingforward,asthesabertip
arcstotheleftfrominfront,untilbesideyourleftshoulder,thebackofthesaberfacingforward,andfiercely
raisesoutforwardfrombelow,thetigersmouthsofbothhandsfacingforward.Yourgazegoesalongwiththe
movementofthesabertip.[Seedrawing11:]

Posture:

Yourlegsareslightlybent,almostmakingasittingtwistedposture,yourleftkneebehindyourrightknee.Your
rightshoulderisalignedtothefront,yourleftshoulderalignedtotherear,yourbodysquaredtotheleft.The
saberedgeisfacingdownward,thesabertippointingforwardatshoulderlevel.Thetigersmouthsofbothhands
arefacingforwardandupward.Yourgazeistothesabertip.

Function:

Whenanopponentinfrontofme,totherightsideofmysaber,stabstomyupperbody,Istomp,hangingmy
saberupwardtohangasidehisbayonettotheright,myrighthandpullingtotherear.Oncehisbayonethasbeen
hungasidetotheforwardright,Ithenadvanceandusethesaberedgetoraisetohislowerbodyorfronthand
holdinghisbayonet.IfheagainstabstomyupperbodyasIarcmysaberupward,Ileadhisbayonetacrosstothe
leftside,arcingtotherear,andoncehisbayonethasbeenledacrosstomyforwardleft,Imakeastealthstepand
takeadvantageoftheopportunitybyusingthebackofmysabertofiercelyraisetohisfronthandholdinghis
bayonet,butIhavetobenimbleandflowingforthistowork.

POSTURE6

Command:Sixrolling!

Movement:

Continuingfromthepreviousposture,yourrightfooturgentlyadvancesastep,yourbodycorrespondingly
incliningforward.Atthesametime,thesabertipsinksdownfrominfrontuntilinfrontofyourlowerabdomen,
thentakesthequickestrouteforwardfromyourleftshoulder,thesaberedgeturningoverandfiercelyrollingout
forward,yourrighthandstigersmouthcoveringforward.Yourgazegoesalongwiththemovementofthesaber
tip.[Seedrawing12:]

Posture:

Yourrightlegisbentinfront,yourleftlegstraightenedbehind.Yourrightshoulderisalignedtothefront,your
leftshoulderalignedtotherear,yourupperbodyputtingitsenergyintoincliningforward,yourbodysquaredto
theleft.Thesaberedgeisfacingforwardanddownward,thesabertipateyelevelandalignedwiththedirectionof
yourshoulder,yourrighthandstigersmouthputtingitsenergyforwardanddownward.Yourgazeistowardthe
sabertip.

Function:

Whenanopponentinfrontofme,totheright[left]sideofmysaber,stabstomylowerbody,Isinkmysaber
downwardtopresshisbayonettotheleft,arcingtotherear,andoncehisbayonethasbeenledasidetomyleft,I
takeadvantageoftheopportunitybyadvancingandrollingovermysabertochoptohisupperbodyorhisfront
handholdinghisbayonet,orifheisstabbingtomyupperbody,Iusethebackofmysabertoleadhisbayonet
awaytomyforwardright.Forthistechniquetowork,Ihavetohaveasuregripandmyhandshavetoactin
unison.

POSTURE7

Command:Seventwining!

Movement:

Continuingfromthepreviousposture,yourleftfootadvancesasteptotheforwardleft.Atthesametime,the
sabertipsinksdown,stillpointinginitsoriginaldirection,yourrighthandstigersmouthcoveringdownward
towardtheforwardleft.Seedrawing13:

Yourrightfootadvancesasteptothefront,thesabertiparcinguntilbesideyourrightleg,thebackofthesaber
facingtotherear,thesabertippointingdownward.Withoutpausing,twinetotherearuntilthesabertipistothe
upperrightofyourhead.Seedrawing14:

Yourleftfootquicklyadvancesasteptotheforwardleftandyoursabertipchopsouttotheforwardleftfrom
above,yourrighthandstigersmouthputtingitsenergyintofacingtotheforwardleft.Yourgazegoesalongwith
themovementofthesabertip.[Seedrawing15:]

Posture:

Yourleftlegisbentinfront,rightlegstraightenedbehind,heeltouchingdown,thetoesofbothfeetcovering
inward.Yourrightshoulderputsitsenergyintoaligningtothefront,yourleftshoulderaligningtotherear,your
upperbodyincliningforward.Thesabertipispointingdiagonallytotheforwardright,thesaberedgefacing
diagonallydownwardtotheforwardleft.Yourrightarmisextended,thetigersmouthhavinganenergyof
covering,yourleftarmbentaboveyourleftthigh.Thesabertipisateyelevel,yourgazetowardthesabertip.

Function:

Whenanopponentinfrontofme,totheleftsideofmysaber,stabstomyupperbody,Isinkmysaberforward
anddownward,pressinghisbayonettotheupperleft.OnceIhavetwinedmysabertotherightrear,goingalong
withhisbayonettothelowerleftandtwiningitasidetomyforwardright,Itakeadvantageoftheopportunityby
advancingandseekinghisupperbodyorhisfronthandholdinghisbayonet.Forthistwiningcirclingtechniqueto
work,mywristjointsandtigersmouthshavetoactinunison,andmysteppingalsohastobenimble.

POSTURE8

Command:Eighthacking!

Movement:

Continuingfromthepreviousposture,yourleftfootadvancesahalfstepasthesabertipgoesforward,sinking
downfromabove,thesaberedgefacingdownward.Seedrawing16:

Thenturnyourwristsoverandusethebackofthesabertohangtotherightrear,yourrightfootadvancingastep.
Seedrawing17:

Withoutpausing,yourleftfootadvancesanotherstepandyourrightfootthenadvancesahalfstep,advancingto
therightrearofyourleftfoot,heellifted.Atthesametime,thesaberedgearcsforwardfromtheupperright,
fiercelyhackingoutforwardanddownward,yourrighthandstigersmouthcoveringforwardanddownward.
Yourgazegoesalongwiththemovementofthesabertip.[Seedrawing18:]

Posture:

Yourlegsareslightlybent,yourleftfootintheforwardleft,yourrightfootintherightrear,heellifted,yourfeet
aboutfiftycentimetersapart.Yourbodyissquaredtotheforwardleft,yourleftshoulderalignedtotherear,your
rightshoulderdoingitsbesttoaligntothefront.Thesabertipisateyelevel,thesaberhandleinlinewithyour
leftknee,thesaberbodyfollowingthesamedirectionastheknee,thesaberedgefacingdownwardtotheforward
left.Thetigersmouthsofbothhandsarefacingforward,yourrighthandputtingitsenergyintocoveringtoward
theforwardleft,yourrightarmextendedabove,yourleftarmslightlybentbelow.Yourgazeistothesabertip.

Function:

Whenanopponentinfrontofmeortomyright,totheleftsideofmysaber,stabstomyupperbody,Isinkmy
saberforwardanddownward,pressinghisbayonettotheupperleft,thenonceIhavetwineditasidetomyright
rear,Itakeadvantageoftheopportunitybyhackingtohisupperbodyorhisfronthandholdinghisbayonet.This
isaverypracticalflowingtechnique.Ifyoucanbecomeskillfulatit,youwillfaceanopponentwithoutvictory
beingdifficult.However,itseffectivenessdependsonasuregrip,bothhandsactinginunison,andnimble
stepping.

POSTURE9

Command:Ninedeflecting!

Movement:

Continuingfromthepreviousposture,yourleftfootadvancesasidewayshalfsteptotheforwardrightwhilethe
sabertipinclinestotheleftwiththesaberedgefacingforward.Seedrawing19:

Yourrightfootadvancesasidewayssteptotheforwardright,thenyourleftfootadvancesahalfstep,heellifted,
whilethesaberedgefiercelydeflectsacrosstotheforwardright,thesaberedgeremainingpositionedasbefore
andnowfacingtotheright.Seedrawing20:

Withoutpausing,yourrightfootadvancesasidewayshalfsteptotheforwardleftwhilethesabertipinclinesto
therightwiththesaberedgeagainfacingforward.Seedrawing21:

Yourleftfootadvancesasidewayssteptotheforwardleft,thenyourrightfootadvancesahalfstep,heellifted,
whilethesaberedgefiercelydeflectsacrosstotheforwardleft,thesaberedgeremainingpositionedasbeforeand
nowfacingtotheleft.Yourgazegoesalongwiththemovementofthesabertip.[Seedrawing22:]

Posture:

Yourlegsareslightlybent,yourleftfootintheforwardleft,yourrightfootintherightrear,heellifted,yourfeet
aboutfiftycentimetersapart.Yourbodyissquaredtotheforwardleft,yourleftshoulderalignedtotherear,your
rightshoulderalignedtothefront.Thesaberedgeisfacingtotheleft,thesabertipslightlyhigherthanthesaber
handle,thesabertipatchestlevel,pointingalongthesamedirectionasyourleft[right]leg.Yourrightarmis
extended,thetigersmouthputtingitsenergyintocoveringtowardtheforwardleft,yourleftarmbentinabove
yourleftthigh.Yourbodyisslightlybent,yourchestinclinedtotheforwardleft.Yourgazeistothesabertip.

Function:

Whenanopponentfromtheforwardleft,totheleftsideofmysaber,stabstomyupperbody,andanopponent
fromtheforwardright,totherightsideofmysaber,stabstomyupperbody,Istepsideways,mysaberinclining
totheleft,pressingthebayonetonthelefttotheleft,myrighthandstigersmouthhavinganenergyofcovering.
OnceIhavepressedhisbayonetawaytomyforwardleft,Itakeadvantageofthemomenttoadvanceandsendmy
saberacrosstotheopponentontheright.OnceIhavepressedhisbayonetawaytomyforwardright,Itake
advantageoftheopportunitybydoingadeflectingstriketohisfronthandholdinghisbayonet.Thisactionisfor
firstdefendingtotheforwardleftandthenattackingtotheforwardright.
Ifsuddenlytheopponentfromtheforwardright,totherightsideofmysaber,stabsagaintomyupperbody,
andtheopponentfromtheforwardleft,totheleftsideofmysaber,stabstomyupperbody,Iagainstepsideways,
mysabernowincliningtotheright,pressingthebayonetontherighttotheright.OnceIhavepressedhisbayonet
awaytomyforwardright,Itakeadvantageofthemomenttosweepacrosstotheopponentontheleft,deflecting
hisbayonettomyforwardleftandseekinghisfronthandholdinghisbayonet.Thisactionisforfirstdefendingto
theforwardrightandthenattackingtotheforwardleft.
Thistechniqueisfordealingwithseveralopponentsattackingtogether.Ifthesteppingisnotnimbleandthe
actionsofthehandsarenotquick,itwillnotwork.Ithasthestrategyofsurprisingabovetocatchbelowand
givingwarningintheeastinordertoattackinthewest.

POSTURE10

Command:Tenpulling!

Movement:

Continuingfromthepreviousposture,yourleftfootretreatsalargedraggingsteptotherear,thesoleofthefoot
stayingincontactwiththeground,thenyourrightfootretreatsahalfstep,thesolealsostayingincontactwiththe
ground.Atthesametime,thesaberedgeturnstobefacingdownward,thetigersmouthsofbothhandscovering
downward,yourhandsgoingdownwardandtotherear,workinginunisonasyouperformallatoncethequalities
ofconnectingandpressing,leadingandpulling.Yourgazegoesalongwiththemovementofthesabertip.[See
drawing23:]

Posture:

Yourrightlegisalmoststraightenedinfront,theheellifted,yourleftlegslightlybentbehind,heeldown.Your
rightarmisalignedtothefront,yourleftarmalignedtotherear.Thesaberedgeisfacingdownward,thesabertip
atbellylevel,pointingforward,thesaberbodymakingadiagonalwaveshape,thesabertipslightlyhigherthan
thesaberhandle.Yourrightarmisextendedforwardanddownward,yourleftarmslightlybentaboveyourleft
thigh,thetigersmouthsofbothhandsfacingforward.Yourgazeistothesabertip.

Function:

Whenanopponentinfrontofme,toeithersideofmysaber,stabstomymiddleorlowerbody,Iretreat,
withdrawingmysaber,connectingandpulling,leadingandpressing,sendinghisbayonetawaytotherightorleft.
Onceithasbeenpressedaway,Icouldtakeadvantageofthesituationbyadvancingwithastab,orsimplywatch
forwhathewilldonext.

POSTURE11

Command:Elevencoiling!

Movement:

Continuingfromthepreviousposture,yourhandsgototheupperleftfrombelow,thewriststurningover,the
centerofyour[right]handfacingtotheright,thesaberedgeturningovertofacetotheupperright.Seedrawing
24:

Thencoilaroundtothelowerrightuntilthesaberedgeisfacingupward.Thesaberedgeseemstogofrombelow
totheupperleft,totheupperright,lowerright,andagaintotheupperleft,withtheintentionofmakinga
completecircle.Thendrawinthesaberuntilyourrighthandisagainstyourchest,thesaberedgestillfacing
upward,thesabertippointingforward,yourbodysquaredtotheleft.Atthesametime,yourrightfootliftsand
withdrawstotheinsideofyourleftthigh,makingapostureofstandingoneleggedonyourleftfoot.Seedrawing
25:

Withoutpausing,yourrightfootadvanceswithalungingstepforward,yourleftfootpromptlyliftingand
gatheringintotheinsideofyourrightthigh,makingaoneleggedstanceonyourrightfoot.Atthesametime,
sendthesaberfiercelystabbingoutforward,stillpointinginitsoriginaldirectionandwiththesaberedgestill
facingupward.Seedrawing26:

Withoutpausing,yourleftfootpromptlyretreatsastepanddoesadraggingsteptotherearwithoutthesole
leavingtheground,yourrightfootfollowingitbyretreatingahalfstep,heellifted.Atthesametime,thesaber
edgeturnstobefacingtotheleft,fiercelydrawingbacktotheleftrear.Yourgazegoesalongwiththemovement
ofthesabertip.[Seedrawing27:]

Posture:

Yourrightlegisslightlybentforward,heellifted,andyourleftlegisslightlybenttotherear,heelontheground,
yourrighttoespointingforward.Yourrightshoulderisalignedtothefront,thearmextended,andyourleft
shoulderisalignedtotherear,thearmslightlybent.Thesaberedgeisfacingtotheleft,thesabertipatchest
level,thesaberhandleslightlylowerthanthesabertip,yourtigersmouthsfacingtotheforwardleft.Yourgazeis
tothesabertip.

Function:

Whenanopponentinfrontofme,totherightsideofmysaber,stabstomyupperormiddlebody,Iturnmy
wristsover,coilingmysaber,connectingwithhisbayonetinthelowerleftandcoilingaroundtothelowerright.
ThenIpresshisbayonettotheupperleft,drawingbackmysabertotherear.OnceIhavecoiledawayhisbayonet
tomyleft,Itakeadvantageoftheopportunitybystabbingtohisupperbody.Withoutpausing,Ithenretreat,
drawingbackmysaber,deflectingacrosstohisfronthandholdinghisbayonet.Forthistechniquetowork,Imust
haveasuregrip,rotationinmywrists,andnimblenessinmystepping.

POSTURE12

Command:Twelvestabbing!

Movement:

Continuingfromthepreviousposture,thesoleofyourleftfootbracesagainsttheground,proppingforwardyour
rightfootintoanadvancingastepforward,andyourleftfootfollowsforwardahalfstepwithoutleavingthe
ground,theheellifted.Atthesametime,yourrighthandstigersmouthcoversforwardasyouturnthesaber
edgetobefacingdownwardandfiercelystaboutforward.Seedrawing28:

Withoutpausing,yourleftfootadvancesahalfsteptotheforwardleft,thesabertipsinkingforwardand
downward.Seedrawing29:

Yourrightfootadvancesastepandthebackofthesabergoestotherear,arcinguntilintheupperrear.See
drawing30:

Thenyourleftfootadvancesasteptotheforwardleft,thesabertipgoingfromtheupperrightandfiercelygoing
outforwardwitha[chopcontinuingintoa]stabasyourrightfootfollowsforwardahalfstepwithoutleavingthe
ground,theheellifted.Seedrawing31:

Withoutpausing,yourrightfootretreatsastepandyourleftfootfollowsitbackahalfstep,heellifted.Atthe
sametime,thesaberedgeturnstobefacingtotheright,yourrightwristturningoverinfront,yourleftwrist
turningoverbehind,thesabertippointingforwardatshoulderlevel.Seedrawing32:

Withoutpausing,yourleftfootadvancesahalfstep,thesaberedgeturningtobefacingforwardandgoing
forwardwithachopcontinuingintoastab,yourleftlegbending,rightlegstraightening.Yourgazegoesalong
withthemovementofthesabertip.[Seedrawing33:]

Posture:

Yourleftlegisbentinfront,yourrightlegstraightenedbehind.Yourbodyissquaredtotheforwardright,your
leftshoulderalignedtothefront,yourrightshoulderalignedtotherear,rightarmextendedforward,leftarm
slightlybentbehind.Thesaberedgeisfacingforwardanddownward,thesabertippointingforwardatshoulder
level,thesaberhandlelowerthanthesabertip,yourtigersmouthsfacingforward.Yourgazeistothesabertip.

Function:

AnopponentinfrontofmeleavesagapIcanexploit,soIquicklyadvanceandstabtohisupperbody,middle
body,orhisfronthandholdinghisbayonet.Unabletowithstandit,heretreats,andItwinemysaberaround,
advancing,andchasehimwithastabtohisupperormiddlebody.Heevadeshisbodytotherightsideofmy
saberandstabstomyupperbody.Iwithdrawmysaber,pressinghisbayonettohisleftasIdrawbacktotherear.
OnceIhavedrawnhisbayonetasidetomyright,Iseizetheopportunitytodeflecttohisfronthandholdinghis
bayonetandurgentlyadvance,fiercelychoppingforward,seekinghisupperbody.Thistechniqueisamethodof
continuousattack.Forittowork,mysteppinghastonimble,mywristshavetobequick,mygriphastobesure,
andmytigersmouthshavetohaveanenergyofcovering.

FINISHING

Command:Halt!

Movement:

Yourleftfootstayswhereitisandyourrightfootmovesnexttoit.Atthesametime,thesabertipsinksdownin
frontandarcstotherightrearuntilthesaberbodyisbyyourrightshoulder.Yourbodyisnowfacingtotheright.
[Seedrawing34:]

Posture:

SameastheREADINESSPOSTURE.

Function:

Attheendofthedrillisthefinishingposture,inorderfortheretobeanaturalmomentofrest.

LOWERINGTHESABER

Command:Totheleft,turn!

Movement:

Turntotheleft,thesaberseparatingfromyour[left]hand,andtakethequickestroutebacktoyouroriginal
position.[Seedrawing35:]

Posture:

SameasHOLDINGTHESABER.

Function:

Theexercisefinishes,providingarest.
[IncludedbelowisatrioofrelatedcontemporaryarticlespublishedinMartialArtsWeekly,fromissues
#80(Sep,1932),#85(Oct,1932),#101(Sep,1933).]

DISCUSSINGTHELARGESABERUNITSbyLiQinmin[Sep,1932]


ForoveramonthduringthebloodyresistanceagainstJapaninShanghaiandattheSongRiver,largesaberunits
joinedintofighttheenemy.Theirloyaltyandcourageisbeyondcompare,andtheyhavebeenpraisedby
everyonewithamouth.Hereisadiscussionofthelargesaberunitsforyouredification.
Whenthelargesaberunitsthatexclusivelyusethelargesaber,withoutusinganyotherweapon,enterinto
combat,theymarchbehindthecavalryuntilthefightingisatclosequarters,thentheychargein,upcloseand
personal,givingahollerofgleefulslaughter,jumpingoutinfrontoftheenemy,theirlargesaberscleaving
invincibly.WhenevertheJapaneseseetheirsabersgleaming,theyeitherunconsciouslygodownontotheirknees
orspinawayontheirfeet.Thesetroopsaresometimesspeciallytrainedsoldiers,sometimesrighteouscitizens
rousedtocomeforth,allhotbloodedyoungmen.
Thelargesaberunitsthatuseotherweaponsbesidesthelargesaberareactuallytheregularinfantrywithinthe
army.Theyholdlongriflesandcarrylargesabersontheirbacks.Whenincombat,theyshootatlongrange,and
thenatshortrangetheyslingtheirriflesandusetheirsabers.Thestabbingofbayonetsisnotasefficientasthe
choppingoflargesabers.TheFirstDivision,underthecommandofLiuZhi,hassincelastAprilbeenfortifying
NanjingandhasgarrisonedChangzhou.Asweseeasaberhandlestickingoutfrombehindeveryinfantryman,we
canknowthatlargesaberunitsstillhavesignificanceinmodernmilitarytactics.
Asforasoldiersarsenalinthelargesaberunits,beyondhislargesaber,hangingathiswaistisaMauserpistol
andsomehandgrenades,andwrappedtohislegisahiddendagger.Whenincombat,hestartswithhisrifle,then
continueswithhispistol,useshisbullets,thenhurlshisgrenades.Iftheenemysbulletscomelikerainandthere
isnowaytoavoidthem,hethenwieldshislargesaber.Thereareflickeringsoflight,butheisnotseen,andthere
isthesoundofbulletsclangingagainsthissaber,unabletoreachhisbody.
Therearemartialartsexpertswhocankeeptheirclotheswhitebywieldingasword,movingitsofastthatthey
seemcoveredinthegleamofthemetalandcreateacoldbreeze.Ifyousplashinkatsuchaperson,itallgets
obstructedbyhissword,andthenwhenheceaseshismovement,hiswhiteclothesareunstained.Thelargesaber
unitshavenearlythislevelofskill.
Whenfightingatclosequarterswiththeenemy,theyallcleaveandchopwiththeirsabers,standingproudin
thefaceofdeath.Iftheirprecioussabershappentobreak,theythrowthemasideandtakeouttheirdaggers,and
thecrazydanceofthoseshortbladesalsomakestheenemyrunawayinfear.Withsuchanarsenal,thelargesaber
unitsshootwhenatadistanceandthenattackwhencloseup,andthustheyaresuccessfulineverysituation.
Asforthelargesabersunitsstillusingancientweaponswhiletakingpartinthescientificwarfareofthe
twentiethcentury,itisatemporarymilitarytactic[i.e.alastresortintheabsenceofotherweaponry],andwhich
actuallyrequiresasolidfoundationoftraininginordertopossessthecouragethatisbasedongreatskill.
ThereforetheyareabletoapplyChinesemartialartsandgainvictoryatclosequarters.
IhaveheardthattheformerNorthwestArmy[i.e.theGuominjun]usedlargesaberunitsandthatitwasa
typicalcomponentoftheirtraining.Thesabertechniquesofournationsmartialartsarebeautifulandfast,
successfulinanybattle,andwhentheenemyhearsofthem,itfreezeshisheart.Thelargesaberunitswere
victoriousduringthefightinginShanghai,andthathasproventheworthofapartofourmartialheritage.

LARGESABERUNITSPERFORMINGGREATFEATSINSHANGHAIbyZhangZhijiang[Oct,1932]

DuringtherecentfightinginShanghaiandattheSongRiver,our19thRouteArmyfoughttodefendus.With
newsofvictorysofrequentlycomingin,ourprestigewasgivenaboost,andforeignersstartedtoknowthatChina
cannotbehumiliated,thatweinfactdemonstrateglory,anditisduetoourlargesaberunits.
Atfirst,theEuropeanandAmericanmilitaryexpertsinShanghaiwhoobservedthefightingconsideredthatthe
Japanesefirepowerwouldbesuperiortoourforces,andthatwewereinperil,buteverytimeourforceswere
engagedatclosequarters,thelargesaberunitsmadeoutstandingachievements.Peopleofeverynation
representedinShanghaipraisedourtroopsforfightingtheenemysocourageously,andsayingthattheyallhave
theEuropeanWar[i.e.WorldWarI]spirit.Thosewhopreviouslydespisedusnowseeusdifferentlyandshowus
respect.ForeignnewspapersinShanghaiexplainedtheeventsindetail,andwithoutanyexaggerationatall.
WhentheCentralMartialArtsInstitutewasestablished,thoseintheintellectualclasseachhadtheirdoubts,
consideringthistobeaneraoffirearmwarfareandthatthereisnonecessitytoencouragethisantiqueand
obsoletelearning.Butfortunately,duetomanyyearsofeffort,Chinesemartialartshasspreadthroughoutthe
armysomuchthatlargesaberunitscanbeseenfightingtheenemy.Theychargerightin,unstoppablyadvancing
withboldshouts,likethunderclapsinthemidstofahurricane,causingtheenemytonotbeabletoturnhishorses
aroundfastenoughorhaveachancetofirehisguns.Thebladesripopenskinandseverfingers,hackoffarmsand
piercethroughchests,andwithinameretenpaces,bloodisalreadyflowingenoughtomakeariver.
Relyingonmodernweapons,theenemyassumedhecoulddecisivelytakeShanghaiinjustafewhours,butwas
repeatedlythwartedinthestreetsbythelargesaberunits.Thoughweshouldnotdaretotakeoursuccessfor
granted,theevidenceofthatsuccessisatleastclear,andthosewhosaidthatthereisnowadaysnopointin
encouragingmartialartsarewakinguptothetruth.
Thelargesaberistrulyapartofourmartialarts.Butifallofourmartialartswerespreadtoourwhole
populace,justimaginetheeffect.Comradesandcompatriots,riseup,riseup!Wewantthemassestobe
transformedbyChinesemartialarts,totrainvigorouslytofightforourdefense,overthrowimperialism,and
achievefinalvictory!

THEAMAZINGBRAVERYOFTHELARGESABERUNITSbyXianXiushan[Sep,1933]


WhendefierofJapan,GeneralSongZheyuan[29thCorps]wasatXifengkouPass[duringtheDefenseoftheGreat
Wall,JanMay,1933,actionatXifengkoutakingplaceduringMarchandearlyApril]engagedinbloody
resistance,hedeliveredincrediblecasualtiesupontheenemy,hissoldiersoftenusinglargesabers,sharp,keen,
andinvincible.Thisisenoughtodemonstratetheeffectivenessinthepresentdayofpracticingourmartialarts,
andwhatcancomeofardenttraining.
GeneralSongadmonishedhissoldierswiththesaying:Keepadvancing,noretreating,untilyouaredead.
Andsotheyobeyedtheirorders,advancedbravely,andwerevictoriousasaresult.WhenSongsetoutforthe
front,hekepthistroopsatarunningpaceforsixhours,andtheyranfornearlyfiftymilestorelieveagarrison,
movinghisforceswithsuchspeedthattheylookedlikeasinglestripe.Hespoketohistroopsusingbirdsasa
metaphorforaircraft:Crowdroppingsusuallylandonsomeone.Bombsfromplanescoulddamageourlines.
Theparallelwaspenetratingenoughtomotivatehismen.
Moreover,althoughtheJapanesepiratesbroughthugecannonsandsharpweapons,theirsoldiershadoften
notyetfacedcombat,lackinginexperience,andwhentheysawthoselargesaberschoppingdowntowardtheir
faces,eventhebestofthemfelltoground,frightenedtotheirverysouls,kowtowedandbeggedformercy,laid
downtheirarmsandfled.Ourforcesthensecuredtheircannons,weapons,andammunition,countlessspoilsof
victory.Morethanthat,moralewasboostedsohighthateverygeneralkilledandeveryflagtakenwaswortha
hundred.
ThetruespiritofusChinesecannotbewipedout.Ourbloodsurgesandourspiritroars.Wewillwashawayour
enemies,ruboutourhumiliation,recoverourriversandmountains,andcontendforournationaldignity.Ihope
thesoldiersofourentirenationwillallhavethehearttoadvancecourageously,followinginthefootstepsofour
bravelargesaberunits,chargingahead.WewilleliminatetheseJapanesepirateswhowanttoextendtheirlandof
thesettingsuntowherewekeepoursatMt.Yanzi[tothefarwestinGansu],reducingcruelJapantoaspent
force,andwewillsurelybeabletoobtainfinalvictoryandholdthepowerinEastAsia.Justletthemwaitand
see

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