Curso intensivo primera sesion

MAKING GREETINGS, FAREWELLS AND KNOWING OTHERS

Adis!

Bye, Good bye

Hasta luego!
!Buen da

Hasta pronto!

See you (soon)!

See you later!

Good morning!

Hasta maana!
Hola!

Hi! Hello!
!Buena noche

!Buena tarde

Good afternoon!

!Buena noche

Good night (al salir)

Qu tal ?

Qu tal?

How are things?

A qu te dedicas?

What do you do?

Le presento a ...

Let me introduce you to ...

Quisiera presentarte a...

I'd like you to meet...

Encantado, Mucho gusto

Nice / pleased to meet you.

Saldalos en mi nombre.
Estoy a tu disposicin.

Give them my kindest regards

Bien, gracias
Puedo presentarme?
Cmo te llamas?
Cmo est tu familia?
El gusto es mo
Buena suerte!
Mis mejores deseos!

See you tomorrow!

Good evening (al llegar)
How are you getting on
fine, thanks
May I introduce myself?
What's your name?
How are your family ?
Nice to meet you too
All the best!
Best wishes!

I am at your disposal.

Momentos del dia

At Sunrise : Al Salir El Sol
At Noon : Al Medioda
At Sunset : Al Atardecer

In The Afternoon : Por La Tarde

At Night :
En La Noche
At midnight :
A Media Noche

At Dawn : En La Madrugada
In the Evening : Por La Tarde-noche

PERSONAL INFORMATION

What is your name?

My name is... My name is Alexendy

Como te llamas?

Mi nombre es...

What is your last name?

My last name is... My last name is Condado

Cual es tu apellido?

Mi apellido es...

What is your full name?

My full name is...My full name is Alexendy Condado Soto

Cual es tu nombre completo?

My nombre completo es...

How old are you?

Que edad tienes?

Where are you from?

De donde eres originario?

Where do you live?

Donde vives

I am # years old : I am 24 years old

Yo tengo # aos

I am from... I am from cruz blanca city

Yo soy originario de...

I live in... I live in veracruz

Yo vivo en

What is your address?

My address is # Hidalgo St. / Ave. (inventa una)

My address is 79 cuauhtemoc Norte street

Cual es tu direccion?

What do you do?

My direccion es # Hidalgo street / Ave.

Cual es tu ocupacion?

What is your telephone number?

Cual es tu numero de telefono?

What is your e-mail address?

Cual es tu direccion electronica?

What are your hobbies?

I am a: I am study
Yo soy un/a ... (ocupacion)

My phone number is... My phone number is 2291333009

Mi numero telefonico es... ( numeros uno a uno)

My e-mail address is... My e-mail address is merry_alexwon_6@hotmail.com

Cuales son tus pasatiempos?

Mi direccion electronica es...

My hobbies are: (verb + ing) My hobbies are playing basquetball, reading

book and sining in the parties
Mis pasatiempos son:

Answer the following questions

1 Where is Steve from?

2
3
4
5

- He,is fromManchester
- Where does Steve live?
- He is live in london
Where does Sarah live?
- She is live in Piccadilly circus
- How is Sarah?
- She is fine
How is Steve?
- He isnt good_ He is ill.

PERSONAL PRONOUNS
I
= Yo, primera persona del singular
You = Tu, segunda persona del singular
He = El, tercera persona del singular solo p/hombres
She = Ella, tercera persona del singular solo p/ mujeres
It
= Ello, tercera persona del singular solo p/genero neutro (cosa o animal)
We = Nosotros, primera persona del plural
You = Ustedes, segunda persona de plural
They = Ellos/ellas, tercera persona del plural
CONJUGATION "TO BE VERB
AFIRMACION
INTERROGACION

NEGACION

I am = yo soy / yo estoy
You are = tu eres/tu estas
He is = el es /el est
She is = ella es / ella est
It is = ello es / ello est
We are = nosotros somos / estamos
You are = ustedes son/ esta
They are = ellos (as) son / ellos(as) estn

I am not = Yo no soy/no estoy

You are not = tu no eres/no estas
He is not = el no es /no est
She is not = ella no es /no est
It is not = ello no es /no est
We are not = nosotros no somos / no estamos
You are not= ustedes no son/ estan
They are not = ellos (as) no son /no estn

SHORT FORM IN AFFIRMATION & NEGATION (formas contraidas )

I am
You are
He is
She is
It is

Im
Youre
Hes
Shes
Its

I am not
You are not
He is not
She is not
It is not

I am not
You arent
He isnt
She isnt
It isnt

Am I? = yo soy / estoy?
Are you?= tu eres/estas?
Is he? = el es /est?
Is she? = ella es / ella est?
Is it? = ello es / ello est?
Are we? = nosotros somos /estamos?
Are you? = ustedes son/ esta?
Are they? = ellos (as) son /estn?

We are
You are
They are

Were
Youre
Theyre

We are not
We arent
You are not You arent
They are not They arent

Formatos
(Pregunta) Am/are/is + sujeto + complemento?
Is your birthday next Saturday?
Are you good friends?
Write the next sentences in interrogative form
Tom es un excelente arquitecto
Mark, eres un ciudadano Americano
Luisa y Marco son los mejores amigos

is tom an excelent arquitec?

is mark american cityzen ?
are luisa and marco good friends?

(Niega) Sujeto + am/are/is + not + complemento

No, it is not next Saturday.
No, we are not good friends
Write the next sentences in negative form
Shakira is an actress.
You are a doctor.
He is 20 years old.

Shakira isnt an actress

You arent a doctor
He isnt 20 years old

(Afirma) Sujeto + am/are/is + complement

It is next Sunday.
We are the best friend
Write the next sentences in afirmative form
Pedro / a / carpenter /is Pedro is a carpenter
are / not / John and Michael / Mxican. Jonh and Michael are not the couwsins
an / one / insect / spider / is spider is an one insect

EXERCISES IN PROGRESSIVE PRESENT

PREGUNTO: Am/are/is +

+ verbo en gerundio + complemento + ?

NIEGO:

+ am/are/is + not + verbo en gerundio + complemento

AFIRMO:

+ am/are/is + verbo en gerundio + complemento

Am Para: I

Are Para: We, You, They

Verbo en forma simple

Sleep dormir
She is giving me a gift.
Is she giving me a gift?
She is not giving me a gift.

Is Para: I, He, She, It

Verbo en gerundio
Sleeping durmiendo
Ella me est dando un regalo.

My father and my brother are painting the house.

Mi padre y mi hermano estn pintando la casa.
Are my father and brother cutting the grass in the garden?
No, they are not cutting the grass because they are panting the house
Are they eating at the shopping center.
They arent eating the shopping center
They are eating the shopping center
Is my grandmother wearing a coat?
My grandmother isnt wearing coat

Ellos estn comiendo en el centro comercial?.

Ellos no estn comiendo en el centro comercial
Ellos estn comiendo en la casa de Pablo
Mi abuela esta vistiendo un abrigo?
No, Mi abuela no esta vistiendo un abrigo.

My grandmother is wearing a coat

My abuela esta vistiendo un sweater.

Are megan and Brian waiting dor you

Megan and Brian are not waiting for you.
Megan and Brian are waiting for you

Estn Megan y Brian esperando a alguien?

Megan y Brian no estn esperndote
Megan y Brian estn esperando a Luisa

Are students write in the blackboard

the students arent write in the blackboard
Students are explainig the lesson

Estn los alumnos escribiendo en el pizarrn?

No, los alumnos no estn escribiendo en el pizarrn
Los alumnos estn explicando la leccin

Is my sister buying a red dress?

she isnt buying red dress
she is buying red dress

Mi hermana est comprando un vestido rojo?

No, ella no est comprando un vestido rojo
Ella est comprando una blusa verde

Is the secretary writing a letter

The secretary is not writing a letter.
She is sending an e-mail

La secretaria est escribiendo una carta?

No, ella no est escribiendo una carta
Ella est enviando un e-mail

The maid is cleaning the house.

She isnt cleanig the house
She is cooking

La mucama est limpiando la casa.

No, ella no est limpiando la casa
Ella esta cocinado

Are the tourists taking photographs.

They arent taking photographs
they are just enjoying the trip

Los turistas estn tomando fotografas?

No, ellos no estn tomando fotografas
Ellos solo estn disfrutando del viaje

Are they fixing the ceiling of the house?

They arent fixing the ceiling
they arent fixing the car

Estn Antonio y Mario reparando el techo de la casa?

No, ellos no estn reparando el techo
Ellos no estn reparando el carro

Is Yesenia cooking a cake ?

she isnt cooking a cake
Yesenia is washing the clothes

Estn Yesenia cocinando un pastel?

No, ella no est cocinando un pastel
Yesenia est lavando la ropa

Are Peter and Tom working in a pet shop?

Pedro y Tomas estn trabajando en una tienda de mascotas?
they arent working in a pet shop
No, ellos no estn trabajando en una tienda de mascotas
They are working in a
Ellos estn trabajando en un almacn de ropa
Are You inviting me to your birthday party?
_____________________________________
_____________________________________

Me ests invitando a tu fiesta de cumpleaos?

No, yo no estoy haciendo una invitancion a mi fiesta
Yo estoy notificando, cuando es mi cumpleaos

_______________________________
_______________________________
The kids are not washing their hands.

Estn los chicos limpiando sus zapatos?

No, ellos no estn limpiando sus zapatos
Los chicos no estn lavando sus manos

________________________________
________________________________
The doctor is not talking to the nurse.

El doctor est hablando con los paciente?

No, el no est hablando con los pacientes
El doctor no est hablando con las enfermeras

Are your friends attending a established store?

____________________________________
____________________________________

Tus amigos estn atendiendo una tienda establecida?

No, ellos no estn atendiendo una tienda establecida
Mis amigos estn abriendo un nuevo negocio.

____________________________________________
Estas alojndote en una casa de huspedes?
___________________________________
NO, yo no estoy alojando en una casa de huspedes
I am staying at the hotel.
Yo me estoy alojando en el hotel.

COUNTRIES AND NATIONALITIES

Country
Mxico
Australia
Argentina
Italy
Russia
Germany
Britain
Turkey
Spain
France
China
Japan
Brazil
U.S.A

Nationality
Mexican
Australian
Argentinean
Italian
Russian
German
British/English
Turkish
Spanish
French
Chinese
Japanese
Brazilian
American

NAME

Language
Spanish
English
Spanish
Italian
Russian
German
English
Turkish
Spanish
French
Chinese
Japanese
Portuguese
English

COUNTRY

Shakira

was born in

Shakira

naci en

Colombia,
Colombia,

Occupation
Student
Engineer
Doctor
Architect
Lawyer
Teacher
Firefighter
Accountant
Electrician
Attorney
Housewife
Employed
Driver
Singer

NATIONALITY

she is

Colombian

LANGUAGE

she speaks

ella es Colombiana,

ella habla

Spanis
h
Espaol

OCCUPATION

and she is

a singer

y ella es una cantante

Michelle (Francia) ___________________________________________________________________________________

Hans (Alemania) ____________________________________________________________________________________
Diego (Argentina) ___________________________________________________________________________________
Venancio (Espaa) __________________________________________________________________________________
Takeshi (Japn) ___________________________________________________________________________________
Juanito (Mxico) ____________________________________________________________________________________
Mao Ishi (China) ____________________________________________________________________________________

PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION

What + does/do +

+ look like? (Pregunta por rasgos fsicos)

High (altura)

Eyes (ojos)

Body (cuerpo)

Hair (cabello)

Skin (piel)

short

small

thin/slim

short

white

tall

normal

fat/heavy

medium

black

average

big

well built

long

yellow

COLOR

chubby

COLOR

red

Brown light / dark

good looking

brown light

olive

green

strong

brown dark

blue

black
blond
FORM
wavy
straight
curly
bald / hairless

Exercises:

What do you look like? (como eres fisicamente?)

First: high
I am average; one meter seventy-two centimeters ( feet = pies

inches = pulgadas)

Second: eyes
I have, normal, brown light eyes (inicialmente se dicen los adjetivos calificativos y despues el sustantivo)
Third: body
I am slim
Fourth: hair
I have short, brown light and curly hair (inicialmente se dicen los adjetivos calificativos y despues el sustantivo)
Fifth: skin
I have olive skin

___________________________________________________________________________________

PERSONAL QUALITIES

What + am /is /are +

+ like? (Pregunta por cualidades personales)

Energetic adventurous impulsive

impatient
confident sociable shy
quiet solitary
loyal friendly
ambitious talkative
selfish
careless charming
generous
honest
intelligent proud
lazy
boring brave hard-working crazy strict
polite sensible interesting right messy hopeful jealous
introvert communicative

Enrgico aventurero impulsivo impaciente seguro sociable tmido silencio solitario leales conversador amable
ambicioso egosta descuidado encantador generoso honesto inteligente orgulloso perezoso aburrido valiente
trabajador loco estricto corts sensato interesante derecho desordenado esperanza celoso introvertido
comunicativo
Exercises:

What are you like? (como eres en personalidad?)

I am: confident, very sosciable,a lot friendly and talkative

Ejercices

Whatdoes Homero look like?

He is average, 1.70 m.
He has big and white eyes
He is chubby
He is bald, he has only three hairs
He has yellow skin
He is an inspector in a Nuclear Plant
Whatis he like?
He isangry, lazy,greedy and dishonest
Whatdoes Don Ramon look like?
He is average, 1.70 m.
He has normal and light brown eyes.
He is thin.
He has short, dark brown and weavy hair.
He has olive skin.
He uses a big moustach
Whatis Don Ramonlike?
He is angry, lazy, and irresponsable.

Answer
What does Emma Watson look like?
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
______________________________________________
______________________________________________
What is Leo messi like?
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
________________________________________________

DESCRIBING TO SOMEONE

Her name is Salma, her last name is Hayek

She is Mexican; she was born in Coatzacoalcos, Veracruz, Mexico
Salma lives alternately in Malibu California, USA and Paris France.
Her fans address is: P.O. Box 57593, Sherman oaks, Ca 91403-2593, USA
Her birthday is on September 2nd and she is forty-two years old
Salma is an actress and she is a polyglot because speaks different languages, for example: Spanish, English, French and a little Lebanese
Her hobbies are enjoying her family.
Salma is married with a business man French, his name is Francois-Henry Pinault. They have a daughter, her name is Valeria Paloma she is
eight years old
WHAT DOES SHE LOOK LIKE?
Well. She is short, one meter, sixty-seven centimeters, Salma is well built.
She has long, straight and black hair.
About her eyes. She has beautiful normal, brown light eyes.
Her skin is olive.
WHAT IS SHE LIKE?
Anyone is perfect
She is proud, vain, interested, selfish, stubborn, but Salma Hayek is also hard working, self, honest and loyal

MAKE THE DESCRIPTION OF A FAMOUS PERSON

Adverbios de frecuencia

ALWAYS USUALLY OFTEN SOMETIMES SELDOM

NEVER

100 % of times
85% of times
75% of times
50% of times
05 % of time
0% of times

ANNUALLY - anualmente
YEARLY anualmente
WEEKLY - semanalmente
DAILY
diariamente
HOURLY a cada hora

How often do you.? Con que frecuencia tu?

How often do you make exercise?
_I SOMETIMES MAKE EXERCISE_ (Yo alguna veces hago ejercicio)
How often do you get up late during the week? ______________________________________________________
How often do you eat vegetables? __________________________________________________
How often do you drink soda? ___________________________________________
How often do you drink water? _____________________________________________
How often do you eat fruits? ______________________________________________
How often do you take vacations? ______________________________________________________
How often do you go to the movies? ___________________________________________________
How often do you practice your English? _________________________________________________________
How often do you say lies? _______________________________________________
How often do you sleep during the day? ___________________________________________________
How often do you go to the bed late? _____________________________________________________
Daily Routine/Rutina Diaria

To wake up:
despertarse
To get up:
levantarse
To get dressed:
vestirse
To brush your teeth:
cepillarse los dientes
To brush your hair:
cepillarse el pelo
To have a shower/bath: ducharse/baarse
To have breakfast:
desayunar
To catch the bus:
coger el autobs
To read the paper:
leer el peridico
To listen to the radio:
escuchar la radio

To watch television:
To cook lunch:
To have lunch:
To have dinner:
To go for a drink:
To go for a walk:
To go shopping:
To get undressed:
To go to bed:
To go to sleep:

Put in order according to the routine (morning to night)

1
2

Go to bed.
Brush your teeth.

Have lunch.

Get up.

Go to work.

Have/take a shower.

7
8

Have/take a breakfast.
Watch television.

ver la televisin
cocinar el almuerzo
comer/almorzar
cenar
tomar una copa
dar un paseo
ir de compras
quitarse la ropa
ir a la cama
ir a dormir

Sarahs daily routine

I am Sarah and I live in London. I work for a radio station. I love my job because every day is different. Every weekday
I wake up at half past four in the morning because the programme starts at six o'clok. I get up, I have a shower and then
I get dressed. I do not eat breakfast until eight o'clok. I leave my house at five o'clok and I usually catch the bus.

On Fridays. I get home at three o'clok in the afternoon and I relax. I like to watch the television or read a book. On
Friday evenings, I like to go for a drink with my friends although sometimes I am very tired.

On Saturday morning, I wake up at ten o'clok and I read the paper. At twelve o'clok I have lunch. Usually I eat a
sandwich. In the evenings I like to go to cinema or theatre.

On Sunday I go to my mums house. She lives in London too. We usually have lunch together. Sometimes my sister goes
to my mums house with her children. I like playing with my niece and nephew. On Sundays I usually go to bed at eight
o'clok.

Answer the following questions.

What time does Sarah:

Get up on a Wednesday?
_________________________________________
Eat breakfast on Monday? __________________________________________
Relax on a Friday?
___________________________________________
Go to bed on Sunday?
____________________________________________
True or False.
Sarah works everyday
Sarah wakes up early weekday
Sarah eats breakfast at home
Sarah goes out for drink on Saturdays
Sarah has two children

(
(
(
(
(

) ( )
) ( )
) ( )
) ( )
) ( )

CARDINAL NUMBERS IN ENGLISH

One

Eleven

11

One hundred 100

Two

Twelve

12

Twenty

Three 3

Thirteen

13

Thirty

30

Four

Fourteen

14

Forty

40

Five

Fifteen

15

Fifty

50

Six

Sixteen

16

Sixty

60

20

Seven 7

Seventeen 17

Seventy

70

Eight 8

Eighteen

Eighty

80

Nine

Nineteen 19

Ninety

90

Ten

10

18

One thousand 1000

Two hundred 200

Forty eight = 48

77 = seventy-seven

Write with sing and word the numbers.

Eleven _________________
87___________________________________
Thirty-three _________________
11____________________________________
Forty-nine __________________
66 __________________________________
Eighty seven __________________
13 ___________________________________
Three thousand and five hundred thirty-three _________________

Write in cardinal number over the year the following events occurred
_______ Levi Strauss, an American businessman, made the first jeans in eighteen seventy four.
_______ In sixteen thirty seven, unknown French invented the umbrella.
_______ A German inventor called Guttenberg invented the printing press in fourteen forty.
_______ John Walker invented matches in eighteen twenty seven.
_______ Somebody unknown invented the eyeglasses in twelve ninety, the same year as the first mechanical clock.

(And anybody know invented that either)

_______ The Chinese (again) invented the toothbrush in fourteen ninety eight.
_______ In fourteen eighty nine western people started to use the symbols + and --.
_______ In fifteen ninety six, Galileo, an Italian scientist, invented the thermometer and found out we have a temperature!
_______ Nobody knows who invented the first horseshoes, but it was in eight hundred ninety
_______ In eighteen forty five, Robert Thompson made the robber tire (but it was filled with horsehair, not air).
_______ In eleven twenty, the Chinese invented playing cards.
_______ In eighteen nineteen, a ten - year - old blind boy, Louis Braille, created a system for the blind to read

(called Braille after him)

LA HORA EN INGLES
WHAT TIME IS IT?

IT IS

Que hora es?

Son las

Clock = reloj de pared

Past = pasados/as
Minutes = minutos
Half = media
Before = antes
At = a las..
Pm = pasado meridiano

Oclock = puntual
To = antes o para
Seconds = segundos
Quarter = cuarto
After = despues
Hours = oras
Am = antes meridiano

Para este lado izquierdo usamos "to"

Por ejemplo: 8:50
It is 10 minutes to 9
Para este lado derecho usamos "past"
Por ejemplo: 8:15
It is 15 minutes past 8

Ejemplo:
07 : 30
05 : 45
01 : 20
09 : 05
04 : 15
05 : 45

It is seven and half

Es las siete y media
It is quarter to six
Es un cuarto para las seis
It is twenty minutes past one / It is twenty minutes after one
Es veinte minutos pasados de la una / Es veinte minutos despues de las una.
It is five minutes past nine / It is five minutes after nine
Es cinco minutos pasados de las nueve / Es cinco minutos despues de las nueve
It is fifteen minutes past four / It is a quarter past four
Es quince minutos pasados de las cuatro / Es cuatro y cuarto
It is quarter to six
Es un cuarto para las seis

Distintas formas de expresar la hora en Ingles

What time is it?
8: 20 am
a) It is eight, twenty am
b) It is twenty past eight am

(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(

)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)

2:50 a.m.
13:00 hours
12:00
13:25
7:00 a.m.
11:00 p.m.
13:35
18:30 hours
8:20 p.m.
15:45

_______________
_______________

What time is it?

6:50 pm
a) It is six fifty pm
b) It is fifty past six pm
c) It is ten to seven pm
d) It is eighteen fifty hours
e) It is ten to nineteen hours

1 Its noon
2 Its ten to three at dawn
3 Its one oclock pm
4 Its seven oclock in the morning
5 Its twenty-five to two
6 Its twenty-five past one
7 Its twenty - three o'clock
8 Its half past eighteen
9 Its quarter to sixteen
10 Its twenty past twenty

_____________
_____________

______________
______________

_____________
_____________

_____________
_____________

What are you doing on the next hours?.

Monday at 4:00 pm. ______________________________________________________________

Tusday at 10:30 am. ______________________________________________________________

Wednesday at 15: 00 hours. ________________________________________________________
Thursday at 12:30 pm. ____________________________________________________________
Friday at 9:20 am _______________________________________________________________
Saturday at 19:20 hours. __________________________________________________________
Sunday at 10:10 am. _____________________________________________________________

NUMEROS ORDINALES EN INGLES

Escribe con letra y en Ingles los siguientes nmeros ordinales.

80th _____________________________
10th __________________________________
29th _____________________________
16th __________________________________
12th ____________________________
33nd _________________________________
Completa con el nmero ordinal en letra las siguientes aseveraciones.
April is the ____________ month of the year.
Abril es el cuarto mes del ao
In a competition the bronze medal is for the _____________ place , silver is for the ____________
Fall is the _______________ seasosn of the year.
Otoo es la tercera estacion del ao
I am the _______________ on the list.
Yo soy el ........... en la lista
Saturday is the ________________ day of the week.
Sabado es el septimo dia de la semana
In my family I am the _______________ son in line.
En mi familia yo soy en ........... hijo en secuencia
The ____________ month in the year is September
El noveno mes del ao es Septiembre
Yury was the ______________ man in space.
Yury fue el primer hombre en el espacio
_____________, open your eyes.
Primero, abran los ojos
The _____________ World War
La Segunda Guerra Mundial
My brother is studying the ____________ semester in preparatory school

ADVERBIOS DE PREGUNTA
What = Que - cual: Para preguntar acerca de las cosas
Who = Quien:
Para solicitar informacin sobre una persona (singular)

What is this?
Who is the President of Mxico?

How = Como:
When = Cuando:
Where = Donde:
Why = Por que?:
Which = Cual - que:
Whom = Quienes :

Para solicitar informacin sobre las razones

Para solicitar informacin sobre el tiempo
Para solicitar acerca de ubicaciones
Para solicitar una explicacin
Para hacer una eleccin
Para solicitar informacin de personas (plural)

Choose the correct alternative

................ are my keys?
................ is your favourite singer?
................ old are you?
................ are you from?
................ is your last name?
................. is the concert?

How are you?

When is your birthday?
Where are my books?
Why are you happy?
Which soda is better?
Whom are your best friends?

................ is the problem?

................ is your birthday?
................ is your telephone number?
................ is your best friend?
................ old is your cat?
................. is Cristiano Ronaldo from?

PRESENTE SIMPLE
Se usa cuando queremos expresar acciones o hechos que ocurren en presente.
* AFIRMATIVA:

+ VERBO EN PRESENTE + COMPLEMENTOS.

OJO: CON EL SUJETO "SHE", "HE", "IT" EL VERBO ACABA EN "S". (Siel verbo termina en s. sh. ch. z, o en o
aumentan "es")

EXAMPLE: I play football.

* NEGATIVA:

She eats pizza.

We drink orange juice.

+ DONT / DOESNT + VERBO EN PRESENTE + COMPLEMENTOS

OJO: CON LOS SUJETOS "HE", "SHE"," IT" SE USA DOESNT Y YA NO LE PONEMOS LA "S" AL VERBO.

EXAMPLE. I dont play football.

* INTERROGATIVA:

DO/DOES +

She doesnt eat pizza.

We dont drink orange juice.

+ VERBO EN PRESENTE + COMPLEMENTOS ?

OJO: CON LOS SUJETOS "HE ", "SHE", "IT" SE USA DOES Y YA NO SE ESCRIBE LA "S" AL VERBO.

EXAMPLE: Do you play football? Yes, I am / No, I am not

PRESENTE SIMPLE
Elige la conjugacion correcta del verbo

They ________ up very early.

Escribe las oraciones en forma negativa

wake

wakes

waks

He ________ Mary every Mondays.

finds

findes

John & Mary never _______ fresh meat.

buys

buy

go

gos

He often ________ swimming on Tuesday.

My parents ________ to God for rain.

prays

The rumors _________ all over the city.

buzz

buzzs

wears

wear

I _______ wearing jeans on week end.

find
buyes

goes

praies

pray

buzzes
weares

The dogs _________ croquettes.

eates

eatis

eat

A cat ___________ with the dogs

fightes

fight

fights

He lives in New York.

He doesnt live in New York
They work in an office
They dont work in a office
My sister Susan kisses my mother every morning.
___________________________
They do their exercises every day.
___________________________________
Tom and Mike study every afternoon.
_______________________________
The concert starts at nine.
________________________________________
We do the shopping every Saturday.
_________________________________
My grandmother likes chocolate ice creams.
_______________________________
Their baby cries a lot.
__________________________________
Tom and his company do business in Mexico City.
__________________________

We _________ the calculator in exams

uses

use

usees

Escribe la estructura de la pregunta para cada respuesta

__________Do you have a tablet ? ____

No, I dont have a tablet, but I have a computer in my house

__________________________________________

No, he doesnt work in an office, he works in a factory.

__________________________________________

Yes, she speaks very well French.

__________________________________________

Yes, they have some cats like a pet.

__________________________________________

No, we dont have classes this afternoon.

__________________________________________

Yes, John and Mary usually go to shopping on Saturday.

___________________________________________

Yes, I have a sister and two brothers.

__________________________________________

Yes, I take the bus to the school.

___________________________________________

No, they dont study, they work.

EJERCICIOS EN LAS ESTRUCTURAS DE PREGUNTA, NEGACIN Y AFIRMATIVAS

Estructuras en Pregunta

Do/does + sujeto + verbo + complemento +?

(Do Para I, You, We, They

1) You like playing tennis.

___________________________________________

2) You want to come to the cinema.

___________________________________________

3) He plays football at the weekends.

Does Para He, She, It )

___________________________________________

4) Mary goes to the cinema after work. ___________________________________________

5) Mary and John have lunch in a restaurant on Fridays. ____________________________________________________
6) It rains a lot in winter.

___________________________________________

7) The cat comes into our garden.

___________________________________________

8) It gets very hot in our office. ___________________________________________

9) We drive to the beach on Saturdays. ___________________________________________
10) My mother and I read in the afternoons.
Estructuras Negativas

1) You like going camping.

___________________________________________

Sujeto + do/does + not +verbo + complemento

(Do Para I, You, We, They

________________________________________________

Does Para He, She, It )

2) I want to watch films at the cinema.

_________________________________________________

3) He plays tennis with his friends.

_________________________________________________

4) She has got a new car.

___________________________________________________

5) She has a drink with her colleagues after work.

____________________________________________________

6) It gets very hot here in summer.

___________________________________________________________

7) The birds come into our garden.

__________________________________________________________

8) My baby brother cries at night.

__________________________________________________________

9) He does the washing up after dinner.

__________________________________________________________

10) My wife and I swim at the local poo

____________________________________________________________

Estructuras Afirmativas

Sujeto + verbo + s/es(3 personas del singular) + complemento.

(s o es para He, She, It)

1) You / playing / football (like).

___________________________________________________

2) I / to watch / television (want).

___________________________________________________

3) He / football / at weekends (play).

___________________________________________________

4) Mary / home / after work (go).

____________________________________________________

5) Mary / a cup of coffee / on Friday afternoons (have).

___________________________________________________________

6) It / winter (snow).

__________________________________________________________

7) The cat / its milk (drink).

_________________________________________________________

8) Dave / about his job (worry).

_________________________________________________________

9) He / his English homework / every evening (do).

10) My boss and I / once a month (meet).

_______________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

Colocar el verbo entre parntesis en Presente Simple en la forma que indica el signo
( + afirmative, - negative,? Question )
I (travel) .......... to Xalapa every week. (+)
.........They (run) ........ in the park on Saturdays?. (?)

Yo viajo a Xalapa todas las semanas.

Ellos corren en el parque todos los sbados?.

My mother (clean) ........ the house. (+)

Mary and Luis (work) ........ in a bank. (-)
John (arrive)........ to his office early. (-)
...........You (study) ....... English at Tecnological. (?)
The dog (jump) ....... the fence. (-)
........ your father (have) ..... a nice character?. (?)
We (live) ...... in Merida. (-)
George (sell) ....... ordenators. (+)
I always (visit) ...... my grandmother. (+)
Alice (go) ...... to the church. (-)
............. They (speak) .... Very well English?. (?)
........ he (pay) ..... the tickets. (?)
My cousins (paint) .... their house. (+)
I (study) . And she (work) .... . (+)
Mike never (do) .... the homework. (-)

Listado de verbos regulares e irregulares

Mi madre limpia la casa.

Mary y Luis no trabajan en un banco.
John no llega a su oficina temprano.
Ustedes estudian ingls en el Tecnolgico?
El perro no brinca la cerca.
Tu pap tiene un lindo carcter? .
Nosotros no vivimos en Mrida.
George vende computadoras.
Yo siempre visito a mi abuela.
Alicia no va a la iglesia.
Ellos hablan muy bien Ingles?.
El paga las entradas?.
Mis primos pintan su casa.
Yo estudio y ella trabaja.
Mike nunca hace la tarea.

infinitive

past simple Past

spanish

infinitive

participle

past

past

simple

participle

spanish

cut

cut

cut

cortar

do

did

done

hacer

hit

hit

hit

golpear

drink

drank

drunk

beber

put

put

put

poner

drive

drove

driven

conducir

read

read

read

leer

eat

ate

eaten

comer

shut

shut

shut

cerrar

fall

fell

fallen

caer

come

came

come

venir

fly

flew

flown

volar

run

ran

run

correr

forget

forgot

forgotten

olvidar

bring

brought

brought

traer

forgive

forgave

forgiven

perdonar

build

built

built

construir

give

gave

given

dar

burn

burned

burned

quemar

go

went

gone

ir

buy

bought

bought

comprar

know

knew

known

conocer

catch

caught

caught

atrapar

ride

rode

ridden

mostar

dream

dreamed

dreamed

soar

see

saw

seen

veer

feed

fed

fed

alimentar

sing

sang

sung

cantar

feel

felt

felt

sentir

speak

spoke

spoken

hablar

find

found

found

encontrar

swim

swam

swum

nadar

get

got

got/en

obtener

take

took

taken

agarrar

have/has

had

had

tener

throw

threw

thrown

lanzar

hear

heard

heard

escuchar

wake up

woke up

woken up

despertar

keep

kept

kept

mantener

wear

wore

worn

vestir

lay

laid

laid

poner

write

wrote

written

escribir

learn

learned

learned

aprender

play

played

played

jugar

leave

left

left

dejar/salir

work

worked

worked

trabajar

lose

lost

lost

perder

answer

answered answered

make

made

made

hacer

ask

asked

asked

meet

met

met

conocer

close

closed

closed

cerrar

pay

paid

paid

pagar

die

died

died

morir

say

said

said

decir

erase

erased

erased

borrar

contestar
Pedir/preguntar

VERBOS IRREGULARES
awake
become
begin
bite
blow
break
bring
build
burn
buy
catch
choose
come
cut
do
draw
drink
drive
fall
feed
feel
fight
find
fly
forbid
forgive
spread
stand
steal
stick
swim
take
teach
tell

awoke
became
began
bit
blew
broke
brought
built
burnt
bought
caught
chose
came
cut
did
drew
drank
drove
fell
fed
felt
fought
found
flew
forbade
forgave
spread
stood
stole
stuck
swam
took
taught
told

awoken
become
begun
bitten
blown
broken
brought
built
burnt
bought
caught
chosen
come
cut
done
drawn
drunk
driven
fallen
fed
felt
fought
found
flown
forbidden
forgiven
spread
stood
stolen
stuck
swum
taken
taught
told

despertar, mover,
convertirse en.
empezar, iniciar.
morder.
soplar
quebrar, romper.
traer, llevar.
construir
quemar
comprar
coger, atrapar.
escoger, elegir.
venir
cortar, dividir.
hacer, ejecutar.
tirar, dibujar.
beber
conducir, llevar
caer, disminuir.
alimentar, nutrir.
sentir, percibir.
pelear, combatir.
encontrar.
volar
prohibir.
perdonar
extender
estar (de pi).
robar.
pegar, adherirse
nadar, flotar.
tomar, llevar.
ensear
decir, contar.

hit
hurt
keep
know
learn
leave
lend
let
lose
make
mean
meet
melt
pay
put
read
ride
ring
run
say
see
sell
send
shoot
show
sing
tell
think
throw
understand
wake
wear
win
write

hit
hurt
kept
knew
learnt
left
lent
let
lost
made
meant
met
melted
paid
put
read
rode
rang
ran
said
saw
sold
sent
shot
showed
sang
told
thought
threw
understood
woke
Wore
Won
Wrote

hit
hurt
kept
known
learnt
left
lent
let
lost
made
meant
met
molten (old)
paid
put
read
ridden
rung
run
said
seen
sold
sent
shot
shown
sung
told
thought
thrown
understood
woke (n)
worn
won
written

golpear
herir
ahorrar, guardar
saber, conocer
aprender
dejar
prestar
dejar, permitir
perder
hacer
significar
encontrarse
derretir
pagar
poner
leer
montar
timbrar
correr
decir
veer
vender
enviar
disparar
mostrar, ensear
cantar
decir
pensar
arrojar
entender
despertar
vestir
ganar
escribir

SEGUNDA SESION
VERBOS MODALES

No tienen una traduccin al espaol, pero s una equivalencia

Siempre se escriben acompaados de otro verbo
No requieren verbo auxiliar para negar o preguntar
Solo se escriben o expresan sin verbo en respuestas cortas (short form)

El verbo 'Can' pertenece a los verbos modales y se ubica antes del verbo principal en infinitivo se interpreta
como 'poder'. Se utiliza para expresar habilidad, permiso.

I can puedo

I can make interpretation in English without dictionary

El verbo 'Could' Expresa poca probabilidad o condicionalidad. Significa: podra, pude, poda, pudiera de
acuerdo con el contexto: I could dance if I could practice.

could - poda
pude
podra

I could touch my toes with my mouth, when I was a child

I could do my homework without help!
I could help you, but I dont have free time

El verbo 'may' se utiliza para expresar cierto grado de probabilidad de una accin o grado de certeza: It may
rain today. Significa: podra, quizs, puede que.
may - podra / quizs / puede que If you want, you may give me a kiss

El verbo 'must' expresa una prohibicin u obligacin fuerte as como cierta certeza: I must go. She must be
crazy. En espaol significa debo, debo de.
must - debo / debo de

We must finish our project on time

Usamos 'should' para expresar grado de posibilidad o probabilidad, as como tambin para obligacin dbil.
Significa: debera, tendra que. I should study.
should - debera / tendra que

En ingls no existen los verbos en futuro, sino que al agregar will, convertimos en futuro al verbo que le sigue: I
will come to see you tonight.
will go ir

You should drink 3 liters of water daily

I think, I will be an excellent engineer

'Would' es el pasado de will en algunos casos y verbo auxiliar en otros. Convierte en potencial al verbo que le
sigue y va seguido del verbo en forma base.
would go ira

we would go with you, if you invite us

VERBOS MODALES Y SU CONTRAPARTE (Resumen)

Should = recomendacion ( debes de)
Must = obligacin (tienes que)
Can = habilidad para hacer algo (poder)
Could = probabilidad (podra)
May = permiso (permitir)

Shouldnt = sugerencia (no debes de)

Mustnt = prohibicin (no tienes que)
Cant = habilidad negativa (no poder)
Couldnt = probabilidad negativa
Might = posibilidad muy remota (puede que )

Tips for Losing Weight

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.

Eat low-fat and low-calorie foods. Many "diet" foods are low in fat but high in calories.
Limit your "liquid calories." Sodas and sugary drinks have a lot of calories and don't fill yo up because they are liquid.
Cook! When you cook you see what the food contains and you can limit fat.
Eat at least five servings of fruits or vegetables a day.
Have fruit for dessert instead of a fatty dessert.
Don't "diet." A "diet" is a temporary change. To stay healthy you need to make a permanent change in the way you eat.
Exercise three or four times per week for 30-60 minutes. Exercise is the most important part of a healthy life style. Walking is
simple and it's great exercise. It's a good idea to consult your doctor before beginning a new exercise routine.
8 If you don't have much time for exercise, use the stairs at work instead of the elevator.

After reading the text, makes four suggestions for losing weight (use modal verbs)
a) _________________________________________________________________________________
b) _________________________________________________________________________________
c) _________________________________________________________________________________

d) _________________________________________________________________________________

Read the text and follow the instructions

Different financial experts will offer different solutions for successfully managing your finances. My recommendations are not
for everyone, but they have worked well for me over the years. Every month you have a net income that is, your income
after taxes and other deductions. I am going to offer you two situations, one that includes debt and one that does not.
If you currently have debt, this is how I recommend you spend your net income each month:
approximately 35% on housing, including utility bills for electricity, water, etc.
approximately 15% on transportation, whether you have a car or not
approximately 25% on life, including your cell phone, groceries, clothing, going out, etc.
approximately 15% on paying off your debt
approximately 10% on savings
If you are spending more in any of these areas, it suggests you need to cut your expenses for example, by moving to cheaper
housing. If you don't have any debt, however, change that savings percentage to 25 percent, and your money will increase
before you know it.
Select the correct answer.
What is the meaning of "net" income?
income after taxes and deductions
income before taxes are deducted
income including debt
What percentage of your income should you spend on housing and transportation?
approximately 35%
approximately 50%
approximately 15%
If you are not in debt, what percentage of your income should you save each month?
approximately 10%
approximately 15%
approximately 25%

Escribir las partes del cuerpo dentro de los recuadros y el nmero que corresponda a los nombres de las partes de la
cara dentro de los crculos
BODY PARTS
Calf
Belly button
Heel
Arm
Ankle
Fingers
Back
Head
Hand
Foot
Elbow
Wrist
Knee
Ankle
Chest
Buttocks
Neck
Toes
Thigh
Leg
Feet
Shoulder
Hip
Fist
Pulgar-thumb
Indiceindex
Medio-middle
Anular-ring
Meique-pinky

PARTS OF THE HEAD

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.

Face
Nose
Hair
Mouth
Ear
Eye
Chin
Forehead

9. Eye brown
10. Cheek
11. Neck
12. Lips
13. Teeth
14. Eye lash
15. Beard
16. Mustache

17. Scar
18. Mole
19. Eyelids
20. Tooth

THE HUMAN BODY

The body is the physical and human material. The human body consists of head, trunk and extremities, the arms are the upper
extremities and the lower legs.
TRUNK:

Human Body Part is attached to the head and neck is divided into two parts. The thorax is the upper trunk, contains very important and
sensitive organs such as the heart and lungs. The lower trunk and separated by a powerful chest muscle called the diaphragm is the
abdomen that are located in the stomach, intestines, liver, kidneys and genitals
EXTREMITIES:

They are external organs and articulated, which are used as means of transport in the case of the legs and as a movement and locomotion
helps in the case of the arms. The limbs are body parts protruding from the trunk but that is attached to it, such as the arms, legs, hands,
feet.
UPPER EXTREMITY:

Are the extremities which are fixed to the upper trunk. It consists of four parts: hand, forearm, arm and shoulder girdle. In other words,
going from shoulder to fingers.
LOWER EXTREMITIES:

Limbs are attached to the trunk at the pelvis (hip joints) by the pelvic girdle. The lower limbs are the leg consist of the thigh, leg, foot and
pelvic girdle

WRITE THE ANSWER FOR THE NEXT QUESTIONS

How many parts composed the human body? ____________________________________________
Where are the heart and lungs organs? __________________________________________________
According with the text, how is composed the lowers limbs? ______________________________________
Stomach, intestines and liver, are organs which are in this part of the body. _____________________________
These parts of the body protrude from the body ________________________________________
What is the equivalence to Spanish of upper limbs? ______________________________________
What is the equivalence to Spanish of lower limbs? ______________________________________
"FIGHT BODY" (fable)
One day left hand confided to the right hand:
- Look, we work all day, while the stomach does nothing.
The legs listened and said:
- You're right, we too are tired walking all day to buy food for the stomach and he only eats without doing anything to get it.
The right hand shouted:
- Let's strike, not to give food to the stomach. That he can get along if you want.
Then spoke the stomach:
- Friends, you are thinking wrong. Our jobs and skills are very different, but the truth is that we depend so much from each
other.
The arms shouted:
- Shut up. Those are the arguments of a bum. From now on you will not eat anything, absolutely nothing.
A few days passed.
- Oh, how weak I am! -Complained one arm to the other.
- I also do not know how tired I am ...
Legs complained:
- We just we can move.
And every part of the body said the same. Everyone felt faint.
Then the stomach spoke:
- I also feel weak. If I feed I can work again and you and I will feel better.
- Well worth a try, 'said his right hand.

And legs with difficulty carried the body to the table, and put his hands cooperated food in the mouth.
Soon hands exclaimed:
- I feel better.
All members of the body said the same. Then they understood that all members of the body should cooperate if they kept in good
health. And stomach no realized that depends on the work of the members and they must be split equally with all members as he
arrives.

What parts of the body had participation in the dialogue? _____________________________________________

Who start the complaint? _______________________________
What did the right hand demand? _________________________________
According the fable, who is the lazy part? ____________________________
Why all them felt weak? _________________________________________________
What do you thing is the most important part of the body? ___________________________________________
Why? ______________________________________________________________________________________

READING COMPREHENSION
_____________________________________
Its your first day in secondary school and you are excited. New friends, new teachers, new faces. You prepare your uniform and
practice your best smile in front of the mirror and there it is: you find a huge on your nose, just before you leave home.
Everybody has a day like that, but the good news is that there are ways to prevent and treat those common skin problems.
Some tips to help prevent pimples or zit and clear them up as fast as possible are:
Wash your face twice a day, no more, with warm water and soap specially made to prevent acne.
Gently massage your face with circular motions but dont scrub! Over washing and scrubbing can cause skin to come irritated.
After cleansing, some dermatologist recommend applying a lotion containing benzyl peroxide.
Dont pop pimples! Doing so can infect the skin. If you notice a pimple coming before a big day, like your best friends party,
consult a dermatologist.
Protect your skin from the sun. A tan can cause the body to produce extra sebum. Which may make your acne worse?
If youre concerned about acne, you should talk to a dermatologist. They can help you find the best treatment for you and can also
give you lots of useful tips for dealing with acne and caring for your skin type.
Do you agree?
a) The text is about health.
b) The text is for young people.
c) The article includes some instructions.
d) You have to wash your face more than twice a day.
e) You must scrub your face to reduce grease.
f) You should pop pimples if you want to get rid of them.
g) Tanning is good for acne.
h) A dermatologist can help you
i) A zit is the best thing in youngsters life!
j) You are concerned about your skin.

(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(

Yes
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)

(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(

No
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)

ANSWER
What is the text about? _____________________________________
Where you can find it? _____________________________________
Which problem does it describe? ______________________________
Is interesting for you? ______________________________________
Why yes or why not? _______________________________________

VERB "TO BE"

VERBO "SER - ESTAR" (PASADO)

Como verbo SER

Como verbo ESTAR

ENGLISH

ESPAOL

ENGLISH

ESPAOL

I was
You were
He was
She was
It was
We were
You were
They were

Yo era/fui
T-Usted eras/fuiste - Usted era/fue
l era/fue
Ella era/fue
l/Ella era/fue
Nosotros ramos / fuimos
Ustedes eran / fueron
Ellos/as eran/fueron

I was
You were
He was
She was
It was
We were
You were
They were

Yo estaba/estuve
T-Usted estabas/estuviste-estaba/estuvo
l estaba/estuvo
Ella estaba/estuvo
l/Ella estaba/estuvo
Nosotros estbamos / estuvimos
Ustedes estaban / estuvieron
Ellos/as estaban/estuvieron

PASADO VERBO "TO BE" (WAS / WERE)

PREGUNTO: Was/ Were + complemento + ?
NIEGO:
+ was/ were + not + complemento
AFIRMO:
+ was/ were + complemento

Were you in Puebla last Sunday?

I was not in Puebla last Sunday
I was in Veracruz

Write the correct conjugation "was" or "were" on the blank lines

(Escribe la conjugacin correcta "fue, era estaba" en las lneas en blanco)
Charles Darwin ______ born on February 12, 1809. He ______ a British naturalist who became
famous for his theories of evolution and natural selection. In South America, Darwin found that fossils
of extinct animals ________ similar to modern species. Many people ________ strongly opposed to
the idea of evolution because it conflicted with their religious beliefs. Throughout his life, Darwin
________ a reserved, thorough, hard working scholar.
When Albert Einstein _________ young, his parents worried about him. Einstein's parents ________
concerned that Albert ________ "slow." Albert _________ a terrible student who didn't want to attend
classes regularly and take exams. Einstein's best-known work, the theory of relativity, ___________
published in 1905.Unfortunately, the theory of relativity ___________ used to create the atomic bomb.

PASADO PROGRESIVO
PREGUNTO: Was/ Were +
+ verbo en gerundio + complemento + ?
NIEGO:
+ was/ were + not + verbo en gerundio + complemento
AFIRMO:
+ was/ were + verbo en gerundio + complemento
Complete with "was" / "were" or progressive past

Pedro (drive)...................................... to work yesterday when a dog ran into the middle of the road, while he
(try) ............................................ to avoid the accident, other car crashed with Peters so he couldnt do anything about it.
He decided to call the police but while they (arrive) ........................................... to the place the second car (escap) ...............................,
fortunately the police could catch him to ask the driver some questions.
Jaime (walk) ................................................. along the High Street when he noticed someone behind him. The man
(follow) ......................................... him during the whole day, so he decided to go faster. When he (enter)..................................... into a
dark and narrow street, his heart (go) ....................................... to explode but when he turned back to see the man that
(follow) ......................................... him, he has dissapeared.

PROGRESSIVE PAST
The children (play) .............. football during the week.
It (rain) .................. hard during the soccer game.
I (study) ...................... English for five years in H.H.
Peter (practise) ........................ the guitar before the competition.
Susan (drive) ......................... when the accident happened.
My friends (fight) ............................ during the whole night at the club.
Daniela (teach) ............................. language for ten hours.
I (try) .............................. to get a new job.
Jane (plan) ........................... to go to the cinema with her parents.
My son (play) .............................. tennis when he broke his leg.
Michael (climb) ............................ the mountain for three days.
It (snow) ................................ a lot in the top of the mountain.
John (sleep) .............................. when the thieve broke the window.
My mother (prepare) .............................. the dinner when Charles got home.
Sarah (send) ......................... a message to me when I saw her.
The tourists (travel) ...................... to London when the plane crashed.
Sally (sing) ................................ beautifully during the concert.
Tom (work) .............................. very hard in the weekend.
Sam (have) ................................. lunch when my roommate met him.

VERBS IN ENGLISH
Pasado
Simple

estos verbos conservan su raz, solo aumentan el sufijo ed

o tan solo la letra d si el verbo tiene terminacin en e

Regulares
Pasado
su escritura ser la misma que en pasado simple, solo que se
Participio deber interpretar al castellano con las terminaciones to, so, cho y do
VERBOS
EN
PASADO
Pasado
Simple

por lo regular su escritura es distinta a su raz y se tiene que

memorizar.

Irregulares
Pasado
su escritura nuevamente ser distinta al pasado simple y su
Participio interpretacin al castellano tambin ser con terminaciones
to, so, cho y do
VERBOS REGULARES
Espaol
Prese
Pasado
nte
Simple
trabajar
work
worked
necesita
need
needed

VERBOS IRREGULARES
Pasado
Espaol
Participio
worked
ir
needed
dar

Presente
go
give

Pasado
Simple
went
gave

Pasado
Participio
gone
given

r
caminar
ayudar
bailar
cocinar
llorar

walk
help
dance
cook
cry

walked
helped
danced
cooked
cried

walked
helped
danced
cooked
cried

obtener
romper
tener
escribir
olvidar

get
break
have/has
write
forget

Verb crosswords (Crucigrama de verbos en pasado y pasado participio)

Across
1. Past of buy
2. Past of come
3. Participle of eat
4. Past of forget
5. Participle of give
6. Past of sit
7. Past of fall
8. Past of bring

Down
1. Participle of to
be
4. Past of fly
6. Past of sing
9. Past of teach
10. Past of give
11. Past of meet
12. Past of lose

11
9

10
4

12
7

Escribe en Ingles y en pasado lo que cada persona del dibujo hace.

Pasado simple

got
broke
had
wrote
forgot

gotten
broken
had
written
forgotten

Escribir la forma afirmativa en pasado simple de estas frases empleando el verbo entre parntesis.

Afirmo

Sujeto + verbo en pasado+ complemento

1) I (walk) home after work yesterday. ________________________________________________

2) The children (play) in the park last Sunday. ____________________________________________
3) The people (wait) two hours for a bus. _________________________________________________
4) I (like) the party last night. It was fun.

__________________________________________________

5) Everybody (laugh). It was a funny joke. _____________________________________________________

6) We (pass) "The Marquesa on the bus". It was very beatiful. ___________________________________________
7) The train (stop) at the station for ten minutes. _______________________________________________
8) John is a bad student. He (copy) my English exam yesterday. ___________________________________________
9) At the end of the song all the people (clap). _____________________________________________
10) We (carry) the suitcases from the airport to the hotel. ______________________________________________

Escribir la forma negativa del pasado simple ingls de estas. frases ms abajo. Puedes utilizar la forma completa
(did not) o contrada (didn't).

Niego

Sujeto + did + not + verbo en presente + comp.

1) I agreed with Mary about the money. ___________________________________________________

2) Mary cancelled her holiday.

____________________________________________________

3) They celebrated their wedding anniversary last weekend. ___________________________________________

4) I telephoned the police when I got home. ____________________________________________________
5) She visited her grandmother yesterday morning. _______________________________________________
6) We talked about our schooldays.

_____________________________________________________

7) The girl studied all night. _____________________________________________________

8) The old man stayed in the library all day. ________________________________________________
9) The young man smoked a cigarette in the supermarket. _________________________________________
10) I dropped the expensive vase on the floor. ____________________________________________________

Escribe la forma de la pregunta en ingls del pasado simple de estas frases. Escribir la frase completa.

Pregunto

Did + sujeto + verbo en presente + complemento + ?

1) They climbed the mountain yesterday. ____________________________________________________

2) He decided to leave his job last week. ____________________________________________________
3) She earned a lot of money in London last year. ________________________________________________
4) I enjoyed the wedding on Sunday.

________________________________________________

5) It happened late last night. ________________________________________________

6) They rented a car on holiday last summer.

________________________________________________

7) Philo Farnsworth invented the television in 1927.

________________________________________________

8) We listened to the concert on the radio yesterday evening. ____________________________________________

9) John and Mary worked together when they were younger. ______________________________________________
10) I received a nice letter from Aunt Jane this morning. ________________________________________________

USED TO
USED TO = sola, acostumbraba, usaba

(Afirmo) Sujeto + used to + verbo en presente + complemento

We used to go to the beach every summer when I was young. (Cuando era joven solamos ir a la playa cada verano.)

(Pregunto) Did + sujeto + use to + verbo en presente + complemento +?

Did they use to go to the beach in the summers? (Solan ir a la playa durante los veranos?)
(Niego)
sujeto + didnt + use to + verbo en presente + complemento
I didnt use to eat vegetables , when I was child (Yo no acustubraba comer verduras cuando era nio)
Que solas hacer cuando tenas 10 aos? (what did you use to do, when you were ten years?)
Qu solas hacer, cuando estabas en la primaria?
What did you use to do, when you were in Primary school?
When
I was
in primary school, I
used to use the calculator in exams
Cuando yo estaba en la primaria,
yo sola usar la calculadora en exmenes.
Elabora cuatro enunciados en relacin a lo que solas hacer en una determinada poca de tu vida.
dos afirmativos y dos negativos
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________

THE WISH

Three men were on a desert island and wanted to leave. one day, a genies
bottle washed up on the shore, so they of course rubbed it, and a genie appeared.
The first man wished that he was backing home with his family, and suddenly he was.
The second man wished he was too.
Finally, the third man said, "Oh I Am lonely now, I wish my mates were back
here." And...
Answer the next questions about the text.
a) What is the story about? _____________________________________
b) The men were in ... ________________________________________
c) What did they watch on the beach? ___________________________
d) Who was in there? _______________________
e)What was the first mans request? ___________________________
f) What did the third man want? ______________________________
Write your opinion about the story.
________________________________________________________________________________________
THE RABBIT
A guy came home from work a Monday when he found his dog with the neighbors' pet rabbit in his mouth.
The rabbit was dead and the guy panicked. He thought the neighbors would hate him forever, so he took the
dirty, chewed rabbit into the house, then gave it a bath, blow-dried its fur that, and finally put the rabbit back
into the cage at the neighbors' house, hopping that they would think it died of natural causes.
The next day, the neighbor's wife was outside and asked the guy, "Did you know that Fluffy died?"The guy
looked a little embarrassed and said to her, "Um... No... Um... What happened?" The women replied,
"We just found him dead in his cage. But the strange thing is that we buried him on Sunday and Monday
someone dug him up, gave him a bath and put him into the cage."

Do you agree?
YES
a) The dog hated the rabbit.
(
)
b) The guy was afraid of his neighbors.
(
)
c) He though his dog killed the rabbit.
(
)
d) He cleaned the rabbit.
(
)
e) He dried it with hair drier.
(
)
f) He sat the rabbit at their neighbors' door.
(
)
g) The neighbor's wife told him the truth.
(
)
h) The situation was mystery for the neighbors (
)
Answer

NOT
(
)
(
)
(
)
(
)
(
)
(
)
(
)
(
)

Who are the characters in the story? __________________________________________________________

Who buried the rabbit?
________________________________________
Why?
________________________________________
Was the dog responsible for the rabbits death? __________________________________
Was it right for the dogs owner to feel responsible? ____________________________________________________
Was he right in the end ?______________________________________

DISTINTAS FORMAS DE EXPRESAR UNA IDEA EN TIEMPO PASADO

Pasado verbo to be

We were in my grandmas house yesterdays.

Pasadoprogresivo

We were celebrating her birthday.

Pasado simple

We gave her some presents.

Pasado con used to

When I was I child, she used to give me candies.

Pasado con interrupcion

arrived

We were taking lunch with my grandma, when my uncle

with Mariachis

CHICHEN ITZA
Chichen Itza was one of the most important Mayan establishments- Built as ceremonial center. It is about
120 km from the city of Merida. It has many notable construction. Perhaps the most important is the
pyramid of Kukulkan. Every year during the spring equinox and the autumn solstice, you can see the
shadow of a snake descending from the top of the building all the way to the ground. Other structures
include the Temple of The One Thousand Columns and the observatory, where the Mayas used to study the
movement of the stars and planets.
The Mayas built these important structures from stone, they were working for long time in order to finish
their propose. Because they did not use animals, such horses or donkeys, to help them, they brought these
huge stones through the jungle on foot.
The Mayas were having their best development, when suddenly all them disappeared.

Lee el prrafo y elige una oracin del mismo de acuerdo a cada tiempo solicitado
a) pasado simple ______________________________________________________
b) pasado con verbo to be ______________________________________________
c) pasado progresivo _____________________________________________________
d) pasado con interrupcin _________________________________________________
e) pasado con used to __________________________________________________
Contesta.
What The Mayas used to study? _________________________________________________________
What happen during the spring on the pyramid?
__________________________________________________________
Where is Chichen Itza? ___________________________________________________________
What was Chichen Itza? ___________________________________________________________
What happend with this culture?
_____________________________________________________________
According with the text, what is the most important construction?
______________________________________________

Tercera sesion
PRESENT PERFECT
El presente perfecto es una forma del verbo para describir algo que pas en un tiempo inespecfico en el pasado
o que empez en el pasado y sigue en el presente. O sea una accin en pasado con relevancia en el presente
AFIRMO

I have visited Cancn. (Pas en un tiempo inespecfico en el pasado)

Yo he visitado Cancn.
NIEGO

I have not approved the English subject

Yo no he reprobado la materia de ingles
PREGUNTO

Have you found money on the Street?

Has encontrado dinero en la calle?
Notas:

Este tiempo requiere de un verbo auxiliar, que es el verbo have (Tener / haber)
El verbo principal se escribe en pasado participio
Have para: I, You, We y They / has para: He, She e It.
Las contracciones en la forma afirmativa sern: Ive, youve, Hes, Shes, Its, Weve y Theyve
Las contracciones en forma negativa sern: Have not = havent y has not = hasnt

EJERCICIOS

Elige entre have o has para formar el present perfect simple en las frases siguientes:
I __________ printed a document.
He _________ asked a question.
We _________bought some biscuits.
Alan and Kerrie _______danced.
Louis _______ carried that heavy bag all the way home.

Escribe las oraciones siguientes en present perfect simple.

(you/dial/the wrong number) ________________________________
(I/read/just/the book) __________________________________
(they/answer/not/my question) _______________________________
(he/speak/not/to me/yet) ___________________________________
(she/finish/her work/already) ____________________
Forma frases interrogativas en present perfect simple.
(you/be/to England/yet)
________________________________?
(How often/she/call/you)
_________________________________?
(the kids/tidy up/their rooms) ________________________________?
(How often/you/travel/abroad) _______________________________?
(How many letters/he/write) _______________________________?

Redacta tres enunciados en presente perfecto

Pregunta _________________________________________________
Negacin ________________________________________________
Afirmacin ______________________________________________

EXERCISES PRESENT PERFECT

Sue (lose) ................... the key of her car.

Peter (save) ................ almost $7000 for a new motorcycle.
Jenny (finish) .................... her homework.
Some boy (break) ..................... the windows.
My mother (buy) .........................new glasses.
I (read) ...........................a hundred pages of the book.
My niece (find) ......................... a valuable necklace.
The town(suffer) ........................... terrible floods.
Martha (think) ......................very carefully her situation.
The factories (contaminate) ........................... too many rivers.
Sofie (study) ................................. so hard for the final exam.
We (write) .............................. a lot of beautiful poems.
Margaret (travel) .......................... to California in USA.
I (go) ........................... to the cinema.
They (bring) ........................... a lovely dog.
Sam (arrive) .....................late to work.

Mark (visit) ................... wonderful cities in Europe.

My mother (make) ..................... a nice dress for my sister.
Clare (invite) .................. her boyfriend to the wedding.

Order the next senteses

6 oclock/Diana/ has/ until/ slept

___________________________________________________

traveling/ I/ the/ possibility/ considered/ of/ abroad/ have

___________________________________________________

has/about/ Sally/ her/ job/ thought

___________________________________________________

important/The/ director/ has/ an/ meeting/ arranged/

___________________________________________________

enjoyed/ Tom and Mary/ have/ movie/ the

___________________________________________________

exam/ I/ many/ mistakes/ in/ the/ made/ have

___________________________________________________

delicious/ has/ Sarah/ made/ dinner/ a

___________________________________________________

tried/ I/ to/ do/ exercises/ the/ have

___________________________________________________

the/ radio/ concert/ She/ has/ the/ on/ listene

___________________________________________________

smoked/ My/ has/ ten/ father/ cigarettes

___________________________________________________

They/ many/ have/ too/ problems/ faced

___________________________________________________

a/ new/The/ have/ apartment/ workers/ built

___________________________________________________

John/ movies/ has/ a lot of/ seen

___________________________________________________

painted/ Michael/ house/ has/ the

___________________________________________________

given/ The/ has/ a/ conference/ Presiden

___________________________________________________

house/ has/ My/ sold/ his/ friend

___________________________________________________

project/ The/ have/ a/ new/ architects/ started

___________________________________________________

ADVERBIOS EN PRESENTE PERFECTO

EVER = alguna vez

NEVER = nunca

ALREADY = ya

YET = an

JUST = acabar de

FOR = por

SINCE = desde

Usamos ever en frases interrogativas:

Have you ever been to the United States?

Have you ever traveled by train?
Have you ever failed a class?
Usamos never en frases afirmativas, pero con significado negativo

I have never cheated in an exam.

My son has never been to Moscow.
My brother has never gone to London.
Usamos just para expresar acciones que ocurrieron recientemente.
The cat has just caught a bird.
The guests have just arrived.
I have just finished my homework.
Usamos already para expresar que la accin pasada de la que se habla ya se ha efectuado.
Don't forget to bring your book! Oh, I have already brought it.
The boys are going to pack, aren't they? No. They have already packed.
Is Adam going to buy a new car? No, he isn't. He has already bough tit.
Nota:
Aclaracin sobre el uso y significado de still. La palabra stillpresenta cierta confusin porque en espaol
tambin se traduce como todava o an, pero a diferencia de yet (para preguntar y negar) y already (para decir
que algo ha ocurrido antes de lo esperado) still se utiliza para indicar que una accin contina.

Ejemplo 1: Are you still there?Ests todava ahi?

Ejemplo 2. It's midnight and she is still studying. Es medianoche y todava est estudiando.
Usamos yet en frases interrogativas y negativas. Entendindose como aun y ya
de acuerdo al contexto.
Have you done your homework? No, I haven't done it yet
Has your father seen your report? No, he hasn't seen it yet
Have the visitors arrived? No, they haven't arrived yet.
Usamos since para determinar una fecha concreta y o un momento determinado
da, mes, ao, perodo del ao (verano, invierno, el ao pasado) se entiende como desde
I've lived here since 2003. He vivido aqu desde 2003 o Vivo aqu desde 2003.
Nota: Fjate como 2003 es una fecha concreta
Usamos for en frases que indican una prolongacin de tiempo y se entiende como
durante / por.
I've lived here for 5 years. He vivido aqu (durante) 5 aos.
Nota: En muchas ocasiones en espaol omitimos durante.

Redacta un enunciado en presente perfecto con cada uno de los adverbios mencionados
Have you ever sung in front of public?

Ever ______________________________________________________________
I have never sung in front of public.
Never _____________________________________________________________
Yes, I have just sung in front of public two days ago.
Just _____________________________________________________________
Yes, I have already sung in front of public
Already ___________________________________________________________
Have you sang in front of public, yet?
Yet (como interrogacin) ____________________________________________________
No, I havent sung infront of public, yet
Yet (como negacion) _____________________________________________________
Yes, I have sung in front of public, since I was eight years old
Since _________________________________________________________________
Yes. I have sung in front public for ten years because that is my occupation.
For _________________________________________________________________
Utiliza los verbos entre parantesis en el Present Perfect. Si hay un adverbio, colocalo en el sitio correcto. Las
frases pueden ser afirmativas, negativas o interrogativas.
1.
Tom: _________ you _________reading The Lord of the Ring _________ (finish, yet)?
Jane: No, not yet. I ___________________(read, never) a whole book in English. It's a bit difficult but I
_____________________ (see, already) the film, so I hope this will help.
2. Tom: I __________________ (buy, just) the second volume but I ____________________time to start reading
it___________ (not have, yet). I ___________ (be) very busy at work this week and it's only
Wednesday!
3. Jane : How long _______you _______ (work) for your company?
Tom: I ________________ (work) here for 10 years. My wife ___________________ (be) here for 15 years!
5. Jane: Oh, I ___________________ (lose, just) my job! I'm looking for one but I _____________anything
_____________ (not find, yet).
Tom: I'm sorry to hear that! ________ you _________ (try) sending your CV to the local schools? They always
need good teachers like you.

FORMATOS
Presente verbo to be
Pregunto
Niego
Afirmo

Am / are / is +
+ complemento?
+ am / are / is + not + complemento
+ am / are / is + complemento

Pasado verbo to be
Pregunto
Niego

Was/were +

+ complement ?

+ was / were + not + complemento

Afirmo

+ was / were + complemento

Presente Progresivo
Pregunto:
Niego:
Afirmo

Am/ are/ is+

Pasado progresivo

+ verbo + ing + complemento +?

Pregunto

Was / were +

+ verbo + ing + complemento +?

+ Am/are/is + not + verbo + ing + complemento

Niego

+ was / were + not + verbo + ing + complemento

+ am/ are/is + verbo + ing + complemento

Afirmo

+ was / were + verbo + ing + complemento

Presente Simple
Pregunto Do/does +

Pasado Simple

+ verbo + complemento +?

Pregunto Did +

+ verbo en presente + complemento +?

Niego

+ do/does + not +verbo + complemento

Niego

+ did +not + verbo en presente + complemento

Afirmo

+ verbo + s/es(3 pers/ sing) + complemento

Afirmo

+ verbo en pasado + complemento

s, sh, ch, z, o

Presente perfecto
Pregunto

Has / have +

Presente perfecto progresivo

+ verbo en past participle + compto + ?

Niego

+ has / have + not + verbo en past participle + compto.

Afirmo

+ has / have + verbo en past participle + complemento

Pregunto

Has / have +

Niego

+ has / have + not + been + verbo en gerundio + compto.

Afirmo

+ has / have + been + verbo en gerundio + compto.

Pasado perfecto
Pregunto
Niego
Afirmo

Had +

+ been + verbo en gerundio + complemento + ?

Pasado perfecto progresivo

+ verbo en + past participle + complemento + ?

+ had + not + verbo en past participle + complemento

Pregunto

Had +

+ been + verbo en + gerundio complemento + ?

Niego

+ had + not + been + verbo en gerundio + complemento

Afirmo

+ had + been + verbo en + gerundio complemento

+ had + verbo en past participle + complemento

Futuro simple
Pregunto Will +

Futuro simple progresivo

+ verbo + complemento + ?

Pregunto

Will +

+ be + verbo en + gerundio complemento + ?

Niego

+ will + not + verbo + complemento

Niego

+ will + not + be +verbo en gerundio + complemento

Afirmo

+ will + verbo + complemento

Afirmo

+ will + be + verbo en gerundio + complemento

Futuro idiomtico
Pregunto
Niego
Afirmo

Are/is/am +

Futuro idiomtico progresivo

+ going to + verbo + comp. + ?

Pregunto

+ am/are/is + not + going to + verbo + comp.

Niego

+ am/are/is + going to + verbo + comp.

Afirmo

Are/is/am +

+ going to + be + verbo en gerundio + comp. + ?

+ am/are/is + not + going to + be + verbo en gerundio + comp

+ am/are/is + going to + be + verbo en gerundio + comp

Pasado "used to"

Pregunto: Did +

+ use to + verbo en presente + complemento +?

Niego:

+ did +not + use to +verbo en presente + complemento

Afirmo:

+ used to +verbo en pasado + complemento

NOTA: Los verbos auxiliares en las formas negativas e interrogativas en los distintos tiempos son las siguientes:

I, you, he, she, it, we, you, they

PRESENTE SIMPLE
PRESENTE PROGRESIVO
PASADO SIMPLE
PASADO PROGRESIVO
PRESENTE PERFECTO
PRESENTE PERFECTO PROGRESIVO
PASADO PERFECTO
PASADO PERFECTO PROGRESIVO
FUTURO SIMPLE
FUTURO SIMPLE PROGRESIVO
FUTURO IDIOMATICO
FUTURO IDIOMATICO PROGRESIVO

Do Para I, You, We, They

Does Para He, She, It
Am Para I
Are Para We, You, They
Is Para He, She, It
Did Para todos los pronombres
Was Para I, He, She, It
Were Para You, We, They
Has Para He, She, It
Have Para I, We, You, They
Has been Para He, She, It
Have been Para I, We, You, They
Had para todas las persona
Had been para todas las persona
Will Para todos los pronombres
Will be Para todos los pronombres
Am going to Para I
Are going to Para We, You, They
Is going to Para He, She, It
Am going to be Para I
Are going to be Para We, You, They
Is going to be Para He, She, It

TERCERA SESIN
WILL FUTURE

El Futuro Simple es un tiempo verbal que se utiliza para describir acciones que se van a desarrollar en el futuro sin necesidad de aclarar en
que momento se producirn. Su equivalente en el idioma espaol es el Futuro Imperfecto.
(Predecir acciones)
Ejemplo:
I will study the lesson. Yo estudiar la leccin.
(No se menciona en que tiempo)
He will travel to U.S.A.. l viajar a U.S.A.
(No se especifica cuando)
They will buy a new car. Ellos comprarn un nuevo auto.
(No se sabe en que momento)
Estructura afirmativa
+

SUJETO

WILL

VERBO

RESTO DE FRASE.

1. A: There's someone at the door.

B: I _________________________ (get) it.
2. Joan thinks the Conservatives _________________________ (win) the next election.
3. A: Im moving house tomorrow.
B: I _________________________ (come) and help you.
4. If she passes the exam, she _________________________ (be) very happy.
5. I _________________________ (be) there at four o'clock, I promise.
6. A: Im cold.
B: I _________________________ (turn) on the fire.
7. A: She's late.
B: Don't worry she _________________________ (come).
8. The meeting _________________________ (take) place at 6 p.m.
9. If you eat all of that cake, you _________________________ (feel) sick.
10. They _________________________ (be) at home at 10 o'clock.

SUJETO

Estructura negativa
+ VERBO +

WON'T

RESTO DE FRASE.

1. I'm afraid I _________________________ (not / be) able to come tomorrow.

2. Because of the train strike, the meeting _________________________ (not / take) place at 9 o'clock.
3. A: Go and tidy your room.
B: I _________________________ (not / do) it!
4. If it rains, we _________________________ (not / go) to the beach.
5. In my opinion, she _________________________ (not / pass) the exam.
6. A: I'm driving to the party, would you like a lift?
B: Okay, I _________________________ (not / take) the bus, I'll come with you.
7. He _________________________ (not / buy) the car, if he can't afford it.
8. I've tried everything, but he _________________________ (not / eat).
9. According to the weather forecast, it _________________________ (not / snow) tomorrow.
10. A: I'm really hungry.
B: In that case we _________________________ (not / wait) for John.
WILL

SUJETO

Estructura interrogativa
+
VERBO +
RESTO DE FRASE

1. ____________________ (they / come) tomorrow?

2. When ____________________ (you / get) back?
3. If you lose your job, what ____________________ (you / do)?
4. In your opinion, ____________________ (she / be) a good teacher?
5. What time ____________________ (the sun / set) today?
6. ____________________ (she / get) the job, do you think?
7. ____________________ (David / be) at home this evening?
8. What ____________________ (the weather / be) like tomorrow?
9. Theres someone at the door, ____________________ (you / get) it?
10. How ____________________ (he / get) here?

More exercises
Acciones o estados en el futuro (no planes):
_____________________________ all night long.
Next month he _____________ ten years old.
How old ___________ next month?
It ___________very cold in the winter.
This winter ___________ so cold.

(Bailarn toda la noche.)

(El mes que viene cumplir diez aos.)
(Cuntos aos cumplir el mes que viene?)
(Har mucho fro en el invierno.)
(Este invierno no har tanto fro.)

I hope you ____________ a successful trip.

I hope you ____________ disappointed.
He ____________ late again.
What time _________________ ?
We _____________ in ten minutes.
You ____________ him in a minute.
I believe it ____________ a very nice party.

(Espero que tengas un viaje exitoso.)

(Espero que no te decepciones.)
(No volver a llegar tarde.)
(A qu hora llegar?)
(Comeremos en diez minutos.)
(Lo vers en un minuto.)
(Creo que ser una fiesta muy linda.)

Promesas o intenciones:
I ________ always ________ you.
You _______________ this match!
_______ you ________ with us?
We ____________ for dinner.
I ____________ give up.
I ____________ it tomorrow.
I ______________ the car as soon as I can.
We ____________ anyone about it.

(Siempre te ayudar.)
(Ustedes no ganaran este partido!)
(Nos acompaars?)
(Nos quedaremos a cenar.)
(No me dar por vencido.)
(Lo har maana.)
(Arreglar el auto tan pronto como pueda.)
(No lo diremos a nadie.)

Zodiac signs

Aquarius
A greate week for Aquarians.
You will feel extremely happy
because of a love relationship.
You will have lots of things to
do during the week. Take it
easy.

Capricorn
You must pay attention to
what your relatives and
friends tell you. It will be
for your own benefit, some
who lives in another city
will visit you.

Pisces
You will end a love
relationship, but you wont
feel sad because you will
find your true love very
soon and you will be full of
hope and joy.

Aries
You will have a busy week. You
should be careful with your heart
and patient if things take longer
than you expect.

Cancer
You will visit new and
interesting places. Your family
and you will spend a great
time abroad on Friday.

Libra
A good week in general,
but avoid arguing with
your family. You will
receive news that will
make you happy.

Scorpio
You will have the
opportunity of moving
house these days. You will
feel full of enthusiasm.
Your work and study will
keep you very busy.

Sagittarius
This week you will receive good
news concerning your studies.
Your efforts wont be in vain.
Your family will give you the
support you need.

Leo
An interesting week. You will
meet an old friend next
Wednesday, and you will have
a good time with her/him

Virgo
Be careful. Avoid
accidents. This will be a
difficult week. You will
have bad news about
financial economy, you
will pay some liabilities.

Taurus
Prosperous days.
Your business affairs will
have a great success. On
Friday, an unexpected sum
of money will come your
way.

Gemini
A sociable week. You will have
lots of meetings and parties with
friends , colleagues and
schoolmates. Enjoy them.

What zodiac sign predicts a shift from home? _____________________

What zodiac sign predicts a possible physical discomfort? _____________________
What zodiac sign predicts meetings with friends? _____________________
What zodiac sign predicts hear recommendations? ____________________

What zodiac sign predicts a loving relationship? ______________________

What zodiac sign predicts a void discussions ? ______________________
What zodiac sign predicts travel to other country? ______________________

IDIOMATIC FUTURE
El tiempo futuro con "going to" se usa ms comnmente en el lenguaje hablado cuando se quiere hacer referencia al
futuro inmediato, es decir, a algo que est por ocurrir. (Se usa para realizar planes)

Existe una diferencia entre estas dos formas de expresar el futuro. Generalmente "to be + going to" se usa para acciones que
van a suceder muy pronto o para expresar un plan que se tiene. "Will" se usa para expresar una promesa, una prediccin o
algo que se quiere hacer en el futuro.

Ejemplo:

She is going to pay with a credit card = Ella va a pagar con una tarjeta de crdito (algo que est por ocurrir).
Im going to learn English = voy a aprender ingls.
Se forma con el verbo"to be" conjugado para la persona correspondiente, seguido de "going to" y el verbo base.

Estructura afirmativa
SUJETO + AM/ARE/IS + GOING TO + VERBO + COMPLEMENTO

___________________________ easy.
___________________________ late.
______________________________ tomorrow.
______________________________to a party tonight.
______________________________ late tonight.

Va a ser fcil.
Vas a llegar tarde.
Ella va a ir de compras maana.
Vamos a ir a una fiesta esta noche.
Voy a trabajar hasta tarde esta noche.

Estructura negativa
Sujeto + am/are/is + not + going to + verbo + complemento
_____________________________ easy.
_____________________________ happy.

No va a ser fcil.
No van a ser felices.

_________________________tomorrow.
________________________ to school today.
_________________________ this afternoon.

No voy a ir al trabajo maana.

l no va a ir a la escuela hoy.
Nosotros no vamos a trabajar esta tarde.

Estructura interrogativa
Are/is/am + sujeto + going to + verbo + complemento + ?

___________________________ cold the tomorrow?

___________________________ busy today?
___________________________ to the party?
Where _________________________?
Where _________________________?

Va a estar fra la maana?

Vas a estar ocupado hoy?
Ellos van a ir a la fiesta?
Dnde vas a estar?
Dnde va l a trabajar?

More exercises
1. We __________________ a new computer game. (to play) Afirmacion
2. My sister ______________ TV. (to watch) Negacion
3. _______You __________________ a picnic next Tuesday?. (to have) Interrogacion
4. Jane __________________ to the office. (to go) Afirmacion
5. They __________________ to the bus stop this afternoon. (to walk) Negacion
6. ______ your brother ________________ a letter?. (to write) Interrogacion
7. She ____________________ her aunt. (to visit) Afirmacion
8. I _______________________my homework after school. (to do) Negacion
9. ________Sophie and Nick ______________ to Mxico City?. (to travel) Interrogacio
Elige un verbo para complementar las siguentes oraciones en futuro idiomatico
He is going to ____________ the chair.
That girl is going to __________ the house.
The boy is going to ____________ because he lost his toy.
I'm going to __________ my mother next week.
My friends are going to __________ the soccer game on T.V.
The teacher is going to ___________ you some questions.
She is going to ________ her clothes in the laundry.
My father is going to ___________ a new house.
The girl is going to _____________ in her boyfriend.
If I can, I'm going to _____________ you.

a. buy
b. watch
c. cry
d. see
e. dream
f. help
g. fix
h. ask
i. wash
j. do

Escribe la forma correcta del verbo auxiliar de las siguiente oraciones en futuro idiomatico
Clara _________ going to study for the exam.
My friends _______ going to learn English language.
The soccer team _____ going to participate in a local tournament.
The teachers ______ going to have meeting.
I _______ going to make exercise.
My parents __________ going to arrive early, because of the traffic.
Children ________ going to go to the fair.

That guy _______ going to arrive on first place.

________ Ulises & Sophia going to help you with your homework?.
i
Luisa, Tere & me _________ going to go to cinema. We ________ going to go to theatre .
Ahora escribe el verbo auxiliar correcto y elige un verbo para cada enunciado
They _______ going to___________ this city next month.
You _______ going to ___________ in Morelia city.
He _______ going to _____________ at the cinema.
My cousin _______ going to ____________ in the party.
She _______ going to _____________ her child on the chair.
The chemistry teacher ________ going to __________ math now.
We _______ going to ___________ our family on vacation.
I _________ going to _______________ in the park at night.
Raul ________ going to _____________ in the factory.
Raul and Carlos ________ going to __________ a new job.

dance
sit
live
look
teach
have
walk
visit
see
work

DIALOGUE
CHILD #1 My daddy is going to buy me a puppy for Christmas.
CHILD #2 Really? Well, my daddy is going to buy me a horse. I am going to ride it around in my yard.
CHILD #1 Uh uh. That is not true.
CHILD #2 Yeah, and hes going to buy me a pet monkey too. He is going to eat bananas in my room all day while I am
at school and when I come home he is going to play with me.
CHILD #1 Well, my daddy is going to buy me a pet tiger.
CHILD #2 That is impossible. The tiger is going to eat you.
CHILD #1 I am going to keep him in cage and feed him hamburgers.
FATHER Are you kids making up stories again? If you dont stop lying, you are not going to get anything for Christmas.
Escribe las palabras en orden para formar oraciones
1. daddy a is buy My going to me
2. going
3. eat
4. feed

I'm
He's
going

ride

around

it

going

bananas

to .

I'm

5. tiger The going

to
to

yard

you

to.

_____________________________________

__________________________________________
__________________________________________

hamburgers
is

the

puppy.

him.

eat .

__________________________________________
___________________________________________

GRADO COMPARATIVO Y GRADO SUPERLATIVO

COMPARATIVE
adjetivo corto + er + than
China is bigger than Haiti

SUPERLATIVE
am/are/is + the + adjetivo corto + est
The Vaticano is the smallest country in the world

more + adjetivo largo + than

Mexico City is more dangerous than Tokio City
corto
Small = pequeo
Smaller = mas pequeo
Smaller than = mas pequeo que

am/are/is + the +most + adjetivo largo

The most dangerous City in the world is Mexico City.
corto
Small = pequeo
The smallest = el mas pequeo

largo
Dangerous = peligro
More dangerous = mas peligroso
More dangerous than = mas peligroso que

largo
Dangerous = peligro
The most dangerous = el mas peligroso

Comparativo de superioridad: smaller than (ms pequeo que)

Comparativo de igualdad: as small as (tan pequeo como)
Comparativo de inferioridad: less small tan (mas pequeo que)

Tambin existen formas irregulares que, como su nombre lo indica, componen su grado comparativo y superlativo con palabras
diferentes al grado positivo:
ADJETIVE

good bueno
bad malo
far lejos

COMPARATIVE

SUPERLATIVE

better tan
worse tan
farther tan

the best
the worst
the farthest
COMPLETE

ADJECTIVE

ENGLISH

famoso
Fcil
Difcil
hermoso
Viejo
Frio
costoso/caro
delgado
inteligente
barato
Sucio
pequeo
Feliz
feo
rpido
grande
Alto
bueno
Malo
Lejos
angosto
interesante
Loco
nuevo
importante
joven

Famous

COMPARATIVE

SUPERLATIVE

the easiest
more difficult than
beautiful
the oldest
cold
expensive
thinner than
more intelligent than
cheap
the dirtiest
small
happy
the ugliest
fast
big
tall
good
bad
fart
narrow

better than
worse than
farther than

the best
the worst
the farthest
The most interesting

crazy
newer than
More important than
young

Cuarta sesion
EL USO DEL GERUNDIO "ING" EN EL IDIOMA INGLES
GERUNDIO COMO PREFIJO EN VERBO PRINCIPAL EN LOS TIEMPOS COMPUESTOS
I am studying the elementary school in a Privete Institution.
I was watching by TV an interesting documentary about the second war.
I will be ending my projec next January.
I am going to be traveling to Chiapas next vacations.
We have been doing many exercises about the "gerund"
They had been listening pop music, when we arrived

GERUNDIO COMO SUJETO EN ORACIONES CON SENTIDO GENERICO

Eating too much fat can cause cholesterol
Drinking alcohol is not good for the liver
Playing chess is boring
VERBOS EN GERUNDIO POSTERIORES A UNA PREPOSICIO
in, on, at, to, of, from, since, with, without, for, by, through, about, until, before, after, etc.
"I will talk with you before going to lunch"
You must keep on studying English this afternoon
VERBOS EN GERUNDIO POSTERIORES A VERBOS MODALES
should, must, can, could
You should give up drinking
We cant doing that

tu debes dejar de beber

nosotros no podemos hacer eso

VERBOS EN GERUNDIO POSTERIORES A CIERTOS VERBOS COMO:

Like, hate, love
I love traveling!
They like dancing!
We hate listening rap music!
VERBOS EN GERUNDIO POSTERIORES A VERBOS COMO: (regla gramatical)
Admit, anticipate, complete, discuss, enjoy, stop, risk, suggest, understand, prevent, etc.
He stoped working very late yesterday.
I anticipate being late
Para los verbos que terminan con la letra e, se cambia la ultima letra por el gerundio "ing". por ejemplo:
Infinitivo Gerundio
drive
driving
write
writing
live
living
Para los verbos que terminan en una vocal seguida de una doble consonante o una doble vocal seguida de una
consonante, aadimos "ing". Por ejemplo:
Cook
cooking
Wait
wating
Count counting
Sleep sleeping
Para los verbos que tienen solo una vocal y terminan en consonante, se debe repetir o duplicar la ltima consonante,
seguido despus de un "ing". Por ejemplo:
Swim
Sit

swimming
sitting

win
cut

winning
cutting

Los verbos que terminan en ie, son cambiados por "y" seguido por "ing", mientras los verbos que terminan en
cualquier vocal solo se aade ing. Por ejemplo:
Die dying
Go going

lie lying
see seeing

Hay una serie de verbos que cuando van acompaados por otro este segundo va en gerundio:
admit
anticipate
appreciate
avoid

Admitir
Anticipar
Apreciar
Evitar

escape
excuse
finish
give up

escapar
disculpar
finalizar
escapar

recall
recollect
recommend
report

recordar
recolectar
recomendar
informar

complete
consider
defend
delay
despise
detest
discuss
dislike

completar
considerar
defender
retrasar
despreciar
detestar
discutir
disgustar

deny
forgive
regret
imagine
involve
keep on
mention
miss

negar
perdonar
lamentar
imaginar
involucrar
continuar
mencionar
perder

lose
risk
suggest
take up
tolerate
understand
resist
prevent

enjoy
stop

disfrutar
Parar- detener

postpone
practice

posponer
practicar

risk
suggest

perder
ariezgar
sugerir
comenzar
tolerar
comprender
resistir
Evitar prevenir
ariezgar
sugerir

Ejemplos:

When I lost my job I postponed buying a new house

After the heart attack my father stopped smoking

If you drive when you are drunk you risk losing your driving licence

The detainee admitted doing business with the mafia

Tambin suelen ir seguidos de gerundios los siguientes verbos:

Like / Dislike / Hate / Love / Enjoy / Mind

She stopped ____________

(Dej de fumar.)
I finished ______my homework.
(Termin de hacer mi tarea.)
They keep on ____________.
(Siguen peleando.)
We discussed ___________ to Florida.
(Hablamos de mudarnos a Florida.)
You recommended _________ until tomorrow. (Recomendaste esperar hasta maana.)
He recalled ____________ on the couch.
(Record quedarse dormido en el sof.)
She practices ____________ those drums all the time. (Practica tocando esos tambores todo el tiempo.)
John finished __________ the car.
(John termin de arreglar el coche.)
The job involves ____________ with animals.
(El trabajo implica manejar animales.)
Brian mentioned ___________ late.
(Brian mencion quedarse despierto hasta tarde.)
They suggested not _____________ the luggage. (Sugirieron que no quedarse con las maletas.)
We started ____________on this yesterday.
(Empezar a trabajar con esto ayer.)

EL INFINITIVO "TO"
El infinitivo ingls va normalmente precedido de la partcula 'to':
To be / ser
To run / correr
To speak / hablar

El infinitivo expresa el significado del verbo de una manera general, sin referencia a tiempo alguno.

USOS DEL INFINITIVO

- El infinitivo puede ser usado solo o como parte de una frase de infinitivo.
We began to run / Empezamos a correr
- Puede ser sujeto o complemento en una expresin u oracin
To save money now seems impossible / Ahorrar ahora parece imposible
I'ts good to see you / Me alegro de verte
- Puede expresar un deber u obligacin cuando sigue al verbo to be
You are not to smoke here / No debe fumar aqu
- Puede expresar un propsito o la razn por la que alguien hace algo.
He went to England to learn English / Fueron a Inglaterra a aprender ingls.
- Puede ser el complemento u objeto de un verbo, nombre o adjectivo.
She wants to pay / Ella quiere pagar
His plan is to keep us in suspense / Su plan es mantenernos en suspense

A continuacin los principales verbos que les sigue un infinitivo

agree
aim
appear
arrange
ask
attemp
be able
beg
car
claim
consent
decide
demand

Estar de acuerdo
Aspirar
Aparecer
organizar
preguntar
Intentar
Ser capaz
mendigar
Cuidar
Reclamar
consentir
Decidir
Exigir

decerve
expect
fail
hope
lear
manage
want
wish
choose
forget
decline
threaten
leave

merecer
esperar
fallar
Tener esperanza
aprender
dirigir
querer
desear
elegir
olvidar
disminuir
amenazar
abandonar

Ejemplos:

He agreed to help me with my homework

She promised to phone her mother

My brother decided to sell his car

Kate agreed to come.

I hope to see you soon.

We plan to finish this shortly.

They decided to return home.

She promised to stop smoking.

I refuse to pay.

Kate agreed _____________.

(Kate acept venir.)

mean
need
offer
plan
prefer
prepare
pretend
promise
refuce
seem
tray
use
wait

significar
necesitar
ofrecer
planear
preferir
preparar
fingir
prometer
rechazar
parecer
intentar
usar
esperar

I hope ___________ you soon.

(Espero verte pronto.)
We plan __________ this shortly.
(Tienen pensado terminar esto dentro de poco.)
They decided ___________ home.
(Decidieron volver a casa.)
She promised ____________ smoking.
(Prometi dejar de fumar.)
We agreed never _____________ about it again.
(Acordamos nunca volver a hablar de ello.)
He offered ____________ the house.
(Ofreci vender la casa.)
I refuse __________!
(Me niego a pagar!)
You seem _________ disappointed.
(Pareces estar decepcionado.)
I want __________ .
(Quiero beber.)
They need ___________ early.
(Tienen que levantarse temprano.)

A GERUND OR AN INFINITIVE? CHANGE THE VERB IN BRACKETS INTO THE CORRECT FORM
1. He is determined ______________ (win) that race.
2. He lay in bed ______________ (plan) the days to come.
3. We went ________________ (run) in the morning.
4. Her fear of spiders made ______________ (travel) difficult.
5. They don't mind ______________ (wait) outside.
6. The problem is ______________ (get) there on time.
7. I am accustomed _________________ (take care) of myself.
8. I want him ______________ (paint) the wall.
9. To be (be), or ______________ (not be), that is the question.
10. This guy is known for _______________ (break) the rules.
11. Sue enjoys _______________ (dance).
12. The advantages of _____________ (go) by train were clearly visible.
13. Your advice ______________ (plan) ahead was excellent.
14. Your addiction to _______________ (drink) will not serve you well.
15. I am pleased ______________ (meet) you.
The government encourages ______________ (recycle).
2. She is tired of ______________ (wash) dishes every night.
3. He understood her ______________ (leave) so soon.
4. He went _______________ (fish) with his father.
5. He wants _______________ (take) the test.
6. Kelly offered to take (take) us home.
7. Her reaction to ______________ (win) the Oscar was a bit odd.
8. They want to play (play) with us.
9. I advised _______________ (start) the game.
10. Your support enabled us ________________ (finish) on time.
11. He denied ____________ (take) the car.
12. Russell was discouraged by __________________ (not win) that match.
13. I promised you _______________ (take care) of Jonathan.
14. His decision _______________ (quit) was very surprising.
15. David is starting _____________ (work) there next week.

Elige el verbo que corresponde a cada enunciado

(Writing speaking living bathing/taking smoking playing having watching going driving)
1. - He is ___________ to his friend on the telephone.
2. - Im _______________ in Madrid now.
3. - Look, theres a man ________________ in the river.
4. - Mr. Hilton is ________________ a pipe.
5. - John is _________________ a letter to his parents.
6. - Theyre _________________ television in the sitting-room.
7. - That boy is _________________ along the street.
8. - My friend is ___________________ golf jut now.

9. - I saw Joan __________________ her car a moment ago.

10. - Mrs. Wilson is ________________ lunch with her family.
Subraya las alternativas correctas en cada caso, teniendo en cuenta que, a veces son posibles dos de ellas.
1.-- It began (to rain / rain / raining) at four oclock.
2. - I let the boys (to go / go / going) to the cinema.
3. - I propose (to go / go / going) on holiday together.
4. - The boss made us (to work / work / working) hard.
5. - What are you going (to do / do / doing)?
6. - He continued (to work / work / working) after lunch.
7. - Ill get your brother (to paint / paint / painting) the doors again.
8. - He said it started (to snow / snow / snowing) during the night.
9. - I think you must not delay (to send / send / sending) the telegram.
10. - What does he intend (to do / do / doing) now.
11. - She promised (to stay / stay / staying) with us.
12. - I hate (to scrub / scrub / scrubbing) the floors.

VOZ ACTIVA Y VOZ PASIVA

La voz activa y la voz pasiva son dos maneras de presentar la misma situacin enfocndola desde perspectivas diferentes.
En el caso de la voz activa, nos interesa la persona responsable de la accin (el agente), mientras que en la voz pasiva nos
interesa el paciente o el resultado de esta accin:
Christopher Columbus discovered the New World
Agent
object
The New World was discovered by Christopher Columbus
Object
Agent

(Active voice)

(Pasive voice)

Active and passive voice in other tenses

Progressive
Present

(Active voice) Rene is painting the house

(Passive voice) The house is being painted by Rene

Progressive
Past

(Active voice) Rene was painting the house

(Passive voice) The house was being painted by Rene

Perfecto
Present

(Active voice)

Rene has painted the house

(Passive voice) The house has been painted by Rene

Perfect
Past

(Active voice) Rene had painted the house

(Passive voice) The house had been painted by Rene

Simple
Future

(Active voice)

Rene will paint the house

(Passive voice) The house will be painted by Rene

Idiomatic
Future

(Active voice)

Rene is going to paint the house

(Passive voice) The house is going to be painted by Rene

Nota: En la voz pasiva el sujeto agente se expresa con by. Sin embargo, en la mayora de las ocasiones se
prescinde del sujeto ya que no
siempre interesa saber quin exactamente ejecuta la accin.

Exercise
Write an example for each one in the different tenses

Tiempo Verbal de la oracin

voz / activa
Presente Simple

VOZ ACTIVA

MY BROTHER STUDY THE LESSON

Presente Continuo

My brother is studying the lesson.

Pasado Simple

My brother studied the lesson.

Pasado Continuo
Futuro Simple

VOZ PASIVA
The lesson is studied by my brother.

The lesson was being studied by my brother.

The lesson will be studied by my brother.

Futuro Cercano

My brother is going to study the lesson.

The lesson has been studied by my brother.

Presente Perfecto
Pasado Perfecto

My brother had studied the lesson.

Write the pasive or active voice

Britney Spears sang her new songs.
The ladies were listening the speech carefully.
My father gets a good salary.
The boss lent me one of his books.
He did not pay the bill.
My neighbour is going to buy a new car.
I had lost my umbrella when it began to rain.

______________________________________________
______________________________________________
_____________________________________________
______________________________________________
______________________________________________
______________________________________________
______________________________________________

Amy Winehouse broke an expensive picture at the hotel. ______________________________________

Toms mother keep the yoghurt in the refrigerator. ___________________________________________
Mrs. Thompson has the best garden in town. ______________________________________________
We will send the parcel inmediately.
______________________________________________
The waiter brought a bottle of beer.
______________________________________________
The truck was carrying a bag full of money. ______________________________________________

Tutankamons tomb was discovered by Howard Carter. _________________________________________

All the money was spent in the market by us. ______________________________________________
My house was lent to Paul in the weekend by me. _____________________________________________
Some subjects were being found boring by children. ___________________________________________
The sensation could not be felt by my parents. ______________________________________________

A new pair of sunglasses is given to me by Michael and Margaret.

__________________________________________________________________
The fence is going to be fixed by William. ______________________________________________
A new apartment has been rented in Paris by my parents-in-law.
__________________________________________________________________
The truth has been told to your mother by me. ______________________________________________
A good advice has been given to me by my boyfriend. _________________________________________
Your address and phone number will be asked to you by my secretary.
_____________________________________________________________________________________

SCANNING AND SKIMMING

Tecnicas de busqueda o Estrategias de lectura

SKIMMING: is used to quickly identify the main ideas of a text. When you read the newspaper, you're probably not
reading it word-by-word, instead you're scanning the text. Skimming is done at a speed three to four times faster than
normal reading. People often skim when they have lots of material to read in a limited amount of time. Use skimming
when you want to see if an article may be of interest in your research.

SCANNING: is a technique you often use when looking up a word in the telephone book or dictionary. You search for
key words or ideas. In most cases, you know what you're looking for, so you're concentrating on finding a particular
answer. Scanning involves moving your eyes quickly down the page seeking specific words and phrases. Scanning is also
used when you first find a resource to determine whether it will answer your questions.
According with the text. Write in English.
What is a Skimming? _________________________________________________________________
What is a Scanning? _________________________________________________________________
Read the statements and circle True or False before you read the information.
Monarch butterfly can fly as far as 120 kilometers in on day
T F
Their wingspread can be up to 10 centimeters.
T F
The Monarch Butterfly National Park cover an area of 1,600 hectares T F
Predators eat Monarch butterflies.
T F
Female butterflies lay eggs in the winter.
T F
Using scanning write the title for each paragraph on the line.

Sanctuary
Migration

Reproduction

Poisonous butterflies

Origen and description

______________________________________

(skimming)

______________________________ scanning
_______________________________ scanning
They live in North America. They are beautiful and they
Each year the adult Monarch that live in North America
have wings of brilliant orange-brown with black veins and black
Migrate to central Mexico. They can fly 120 kilometers daily
borders
from Canada and the United States to Mexico
with two rows of white dots.
The wingspread may reach 10 centimeters.
______________________________ scanning
______________________________ scanning
In winter, Monarchs begin to mate. In march they leave
The Monarch larvae eat from the poisonous plants.
their home in Mexico and fly back to the north. On the Journey, They accumulate a poisonous substance in their bodies so
females stop
predators cant eat them
to lay eggs under poisonous plants and die after that.
The Monarch babies continue to migrate, returning to
the same regions as their parents.
______________________________ scanning
The Monarchs are protected in the Monarch Butterfly National Park, a nature reserve in Mexico that is located in
the state of Michoacn and Mexico. The park has an area of 16,110 hectares and is covered by oyamel, a type of Pine tree. The park was designed as a biosphere reserve on April 09 th, 1980.

SYNOPTIC
(Cuadro sinoptico)
It is a graphical representation of a keying scheme which combines the ideas contained in sub-ideas. The summary table

provides a coherent overall structure of a subject and its many relationships. It occurs from left to right, starting with the
main title on the left and is opening keys.

General Idea
(topic)

Notion

Ideas
additional main

details
details
details

Notion

Ideas
additional main

details
details
details

Notion

Ideas
additional main

details
details
details

CONCEPT MAP
(Mapa conceptual)
The concept map is a graphic organizer that aims to establish the hierarchical relationship between ideas by using connectors
(line or arrows). To construct a concept map, follow the steps below you will have:
1. Identifies key concepts and make a list.
2. Rank the concepts at different levels according to their generality or inclusiveness (including other items).
In a concept map the more general concepts should be located at higher levels and more specific concepts at lower levels.
3. Locate the central or most general concept at the top of the map and from this place begins to concepts by
level, according to the order you created in the previous step.
4. Sets the relationships between different concepts (of the same or different levels) through lines or arrows.
5. Add connectors (short words) that will serve to establish and clarify the relationship established between concepts.
6. Check your map, this will let you realize if ubicate how concepts is appropriate and / or identify new relationships (you had not intended) between concepts.

DIAGRAMMING LOGIC
(diagrama de flujo)
Flowcharts (or flow programs) are diagrams that use graphical symbols to represent the steps or stages of a process. Also
possible to describe the sequence of individual steps and their interaction.

In otherwise
Diagram is plot events, situations, movements or relationships of all kinds by symbol.

HOMEWORK

Create a synoptic conceptual map or flow digram with a theme that you choose.

PARTS OF A LETTER

______________
Senders
______________
Identification ______________
_____________
Time & place ______________
recipients
______________
identification ______________
______________
Greeting ____________________ Dear Sir / Miss / Mrs / friend (Estimado Sr. / Seorita / Seora / Amigo)
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
Introduction
_______________________________________________________________
Content development
_______________________________________________________________
conclusion
_______________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________

Farewell

______________ Yours faithfully (respetuosamente su S.S.) Sincerely (atentamente)

Signature ________________________________
Title/Name
PUNTUACTION MARKS

SIGN
.
?
!
,
;
:

( )

-___
*
@
A
A

ENGLISH
Period
Question mark
Exclamation mark
Comma
Semi colon
Colon
Apostrophe
Quotation marks
Parentheses
Suspense periods
Dash
Down line
Asterisk
Arroba
Capital letter
Small case letter

EXAMPLES

USING

That is all.
Where are youfrom?
What a niceday!
I speak Spanish, French, etc
For example; one, two, three
To whom it may concern:
I dontknow
Help! me
I cant do it! ( He said)
Finally
In Pre-Colombian times

We use it to mark the end of statement

We use it to make a question
We use it to make a surprise expression
We use it to make a list
We use them to start a list
We use them to start a formal statement
We use it to make a contraction
We use them to make a emphasis
We use them to make a signaling
We use them to make a pause
We use it to divide words

*Itstakenfrom
togar@hotmail.com
Carlos, Luis, Antonio

We use it to make a distinction

We use it in e-mail
We use it in personal pronouns
Common use

HOW TO MAKE A LETTER

1st Step - Identification of the sender
Every letter requires information identifying who sends and who receives it.
The recipient opens the card aims mainly to answer the question who? Want to know quickly who you are.
Top right, so that is the first thing you read, our data indicate, one above the other forming a small column.
Mariano Perea Torres
Rio Tigris N 48 7C
Col. Cuauhtmoc, C.P. 06500
Tel (01) 5556884231
E-mail mapto@hotmail.con
2nd Step - Time and Place
The recipient once you know the who, want to know where and when.
It is common to use a phrase that is given to know the place from which you enter and the date on which it is written. The
below will place our data but left.
Mxico, D.F. June 10th, 2016
3rd Step - Identification of the recipient
In another paragraph, under the date and also on the left indicate the recipient information of the card. In this case write
avoid contact details because they involve known simply bringing the company name (if applicable), followed by the
recipient's name (if known), and the position held or department belongs. Many times it is not known who is the person in
charge and the letter bears the recipient a department.
DEGREMONT DE MEXICO, S.A. de C.V.
To attention Mr. Miguel Garcia
HR Department.
Dear Mr. Garcia,
4th Step - Paragraph of the matter
Knowing the who, where and when, now it expose what and if required the AS.
as mentioned above, not worth the effort to maintain a respectful treatment nor excessively beating around the bush with
introductions or greetings. It is best to always go straight to the point. That in the first sentence is to know the subject of the
letter.
I am writing to recommend....
I am writing this letter to remind you....
The reason for my letter is to.....
I am writing regarding the notice published looking staff....
We explain in a clear and brief our business, try using the "you", without being excessive.
The best example to give you an idea of what is right is to imagine that you are phoning that person and he skips the
answering machine. It should be clear, concise and brief.
5th Step - Farewell
Finally, there is a phrase that always looks good:
a greeting.
Your sincerely,
_________________________________
Miguel Garcia
(Signature)

Model Labor letter (Solicitud de empleo)

Example 1

Alfonso Gonzlez Roa

Rio Amazonas 24 N 7
Col. Doctores, C. P. 06503
Tel. (01) 55514741624
Mxico, D.F. January 12th, 2016
TABACALERA DEL BAJIO

Avda. de los Conquistadores, 12

Att. Mr. Miguel Garcia
HR Department.
Dear Sir,
Regarding the ad appeared in the newspaper "The People" on december 08th , 2015, I send my resume and academic
information that you requested.
Since my great skills in the area of loans and mortgages, as well as my extensive experience in accounting, I think, and I do, I
feel qualified to engage successfully in the position that you offer.
I remain at your disposal to answer any questions or concerns that are in the air, do not hesitate to contact me.
Awaiting prompt news, I remain yours,
_______________________________

Alfonso Gonzalez Roa.

:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::

Model Labor letter (Solicitud de empleo)

Example 2

Alberto Ocampo V.
Bosque Urales N
Col. Polanco, C.P. 06589
Tfno.: 01 55525228

Mexico, DF January 12th 2016

L. & N. Inc. de CV
Fresno No. 458, Col. Anzures, CP 06629
Att. Director of Human Resources
Dear Sir,
I write this letter in order to be considered to participate in the selection of new candidates for the maintenance of
instrumentation job in the production area.
Annex to this note a resume letters of recommendation requested in the notice that appeared yesterday in the newspaper.
I have the required experience and best wishes to be a member of the team that directs you.
I remain at your disposal for any questions or queries you may have.
No more to add, I remain yours:
________________________________
Ing. Alberto Ocampo V.

Recommendation Letter (Carta de recomendacin)

Mexico D. F., January 10th, 2016

To whom it may concern:
Through this I would recommend Jos Alvarez Alvarez widely as a responsible person, and who worked in Aspe
Constructions, SA de CV and during this time showed the enthusiasm required in each of the activities entrusted to it. Jose
joined the company on December 17th , 2010, and stopped working as of December 28th , 2015, holding the position of
Quality supervisor with a monthly salary of $ 8,000.00.
No more for now I send my best wishes and I am at your service.
Sincerely,
___________________________________
Ing. Mariana Real Valerio, Human Resources

Homework
a) Write a Labor letter

b) Write a Recommendation letter

CURRICULUM VITAE
Name
Street Address City, State
(direccin incluya ciudad y estado)

Telephone Cellphone Fax Email

(nmero telefnico domicilio celular fax Correo electrnico)
Objetive
(motivo)

Type objetive here

(lo que quieres conseguir, tus capacidades y logros)

Experience
(experiencia profesiona)
Company name (nombre de la empresa)
Job title, Type job description here

Dates (fechas)
Company name Dates

(breve descripcin de las tareas encomendadas

logros conseguidos y las funciones ejercidas)
Job title, Type job description here
Job title, Type job description here

Company name Dates

Company name Dates

Education (estudios)

Degree, University name

(estudios universitarios)

Types honours, clubs, committes involved with

Dates (fechas)

(descripcin de los estudios y cursos realizados, la Universidad)

Degree, University name.

Dates

Types honours, clubs, committes involved with.

Skills
(conocimientos, habilidades y destrezas)

List special skills

(conocimiento de idiomas, informtica, cursos u otra informacin pertinente)

Language, software
(cursos, idiomas, programas)

Language, software
Language, software

STUDENT RESUME

____________________________________________________________
1135 Michigan Avenue Lansing MI 48823 * Mobil +1 (517) 555-0558
easyjs@studentresume.com

Profile
______________________________________________________________________
Earned a Bachelor of Arts in Marketing in under the prescribed four-year course
schedule while financing my own education. Able to totally self-support the final two
years of my studies, working an average of thirty hours per week. Improb inherente
sales abilities attending to different sales and marketing seminars. Ability to
communicate effectively with customer. Accurate, assertive, adaptable.
_________________________________________________________________________
Selected Achievement

Working at UPS enabled me to enough to support my set in school. I erned over $12,000 per year.
an impressive accomplishment for a college student. As well. I maintained the highest production
average at our center

After three months at Spring, I was the sales leader among the part time college students and
enjoyed the interaction with the customers.

Meet all quarterly sales quotas.

Related Experience

CUSTOMER SERVICE
2009 - Present

United Parcel Service, Lansing, Michigan

solved customer problems and assured satisfaction.

PROMOTIONAL SALES
2008 - 2009

Sprint Telephone Division, Lasing, Michigan

Sold local telephone services to the consumer market in Lansing, experience pavec the way for
my future carrier path in sale. The only reason I left to move on the UPS, where the part- time
coming potential was greater.

CALL CENTER & SALES

2007 - 2008

American Collegiate Marketing, Lasing, Michigan.

This position was my introduction to sales, where I worked in a call center saling magazine
Subscription. Though I enjoyed the sales environment, my desire was to set closed to customer in a
more direct manner.

Computer Skill
MS Office Highly proficient
Education

2010

Bachelor of Arts in Marketing

Michigan State University - Est Lasing, Michigan. GPA:3.6 Oup. Of 4.

210

Tom Hoppinkins Seminar. "How to Master the Art of Selling"

Detroit, Michigan
Honors & Activities

Enjoy watching good films, and reading

Checar audio de video en prxima sesion

INSTITUTO TECNOLGICO SUPERIOR DE PEROTE
Carrier _____________________
Name ___________________________________________________ Control Number ______________
Semester ___________________

______________________ (Skimming)
What does she ask as drinking? _________________________________________________
What did the assistant offer to her ? _______________________________
What was the dessert? ______________________________________________
What does the customer ask for eating? __________________________________________
How much was the total? __________________________________________________
How customer ask for the total? __________________________________________
Write a scanning about the dialogue _____________________________________________

______________________ (Skimming)
When is she going to take vacation? (month) ________________________________________
How long is she going to be in vacations? ____________________________________________
What would she like to enjoy in her vacations? _________________________________________
What place does the assistant suggest her to visit? _______________________________________
What would she like to see in that place? __________________________________________
What does the assistant suggest her in order to see the volcano? ____________________________
How long will she remain there? __________________________________________
Write a scanning about the dialogue _____________________________________________

______________________ (Skimming)
Why Ammy is happy?
_______________________________________________________
What is her first activity to do for her?
_______________________________________________________
Where is the job?
_______________________________________________________
When will she star to work?
_______________________________________________________
What attitude is expressed by mom? _______________________________________________________
What feeling is expressed by Dad? ______________________________________________________
Write a scanning about the dialogue _____________________________________________

______________________ (Skimming)
Who decides the curriculum of studies in these countries? __________________________________________
How old American children begin their studies?
_________________________________________
What is the average class size in the USA and UK?
_________________________________________
Which countries were considered in the comparison?
_________________________________________
Write at least four subject in the basic curriculum of education in China? ___________________________________
What subject is common in the basic curriculum in the three countries? __________________________________
Write a scanning about the dialogue _____________________________________________

WHAT ARE YOU AFRAID OF?

1. " What Are you afraid of ? " A team of researchers asked 3000 U.S. inhabitants. The fears are listed below.
Itisnt strange that more people are afraid of speaking in front of public than financial problems, or death
Discuss the result in the table.
Write, what are you afraid of ....?
% (Scale from 1 to 10)
______________
______________
______________
______________
______________
______________
______________
______________
______________
______________
______________
______________
______________
______________
______________

FEAR
Speaking in front of a group
Heights
Insect and bugs
Financial problems
Deep water
Sickness
Death
Flying
Loneliness
Dogs
Driving in the city
The dark
Elevators (lifts)
Escalators
Exams
Glossary

Afraid

Asustado

Fears

Miedos

Petrified / terrified

Aterrorizado

Frightened

Asustado

Happiness

Felicidad

I cant stand
Im terrified of / to
Im frightened of / to
Im afraid of / to
I was petrified
I remember when I...
How terrible! When I...
Once when I was...

No lo puedo soportar
Me aterra / a
Tengo miedo de / to
I'm miedo a / a
Yo estaba petrificada
Recuerdo cuando Yo. ..
Qu terrible! Cuando Yo ..
Una vez cuando yo era

In a short paragraph explaining what are your fears? and describes an experience. (no least to 80 words)
Im afraid to worms, because once when I was a child, I was eating an apple and it had a big green worm inside. I remember I
felt its soft texture moving in my mouth and its bitter flavor , but the worst thing was that in the fruit was only one part of the
worm. I tried to throw up, but unfortunately it was too late. I had already eaten the biggest part of the worm.
This has been one of the worst experience in my life. for this reason I hate worms and I'm scared to them.
________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________

VER Y ESCUCHAR EL VIDEO PARA CONTESTAR LAS SIGUIENTES PREGUNTAS

ARMANDO UN ARGUMENTO
C S R - Corporate Social Responsibility (Responsabilidad Social Empresarial)
I believe we have a moral responsibility.
It makes sound business sense.
supporting your local community
After all ...
Not only is it unfair ...
but it's also bad for a company's image.
On the one hand ...
On the other hand ...
Let me give you an example of ...
It's what you call a win-win situation.

Creo que tenemos una responsabilidad moral.

Tiene buen sentido de negocios.
apoyando tu comunidad local
Despus de todo .
No slo es injusto .
pero tambin es malo para la imagen de la compaa.
Por un lado .
Por el otro lado .
Djame darte un ejemplo de .
Es lo que llamas una situacin de ganar o ganar.

What does she say companies need to take responsibility for?

What does she argue makes sound business sense?
What argument does she not use against outsourcing?
What do critics of CSR argue?
What does the speaker call 'a cynical publicity stunt'?

making sound business sense

the impact their actions have
all of nature's resources
to hire only local people
to train all staff properly
to pay employees well
It's a risk that conditions will be poor.
It's bad for a company's image.
It's too expensive.
It can make companies a lot of money.
It's not used enough by companies.
It's a trick to make companies look good.
only donating old computers
simply giving money to charity
generally helping people in need

SPARKLY COLA TO DONATE $200,000 IN SCHOLARSHIPS

Company to partner with high schools across state
July 23, 2014 Buffalo, NY Locally owned SPARKLY COLA Soft Drink Co. announced today that it will partner
with local schools across the state to provide scholarships for underprivileged high school students to attend college. The
SPARKLY COLA Scholarship Program will award 20 scholarships in the amount of $10,000 each, starting next year.
Scholarships will be determined by local school boards, based on need and academic achievement.
"The people of New York have made SPARKLY COLA one of their favorite soft drinks, and we just felt like it was time
for us to give back to our communities across the great state of New York," Sparkly CEO Sandy Parks said. "Our donation
of $200,000 is a lot of money, but nothing is too good for our kids. And we hope to do even more in the future."
SPARKLY COLA was founded in 1996 by CEO Sandy Parks' father, Randy Parks. He began the business by distributing
his soft drink to local stores and restaurants in Buffalo, NY. The soda was an instant success, and the business quickly
expanded to include supermarkets and other retail outlets across the state. Sparkly products are now sold in New Jersey as
well, with plans to expand to other states. For more information on the full range of Sparkly products, please visit www.
sparkly cola.com.
For more details about the SPARKLY COLA Scholarship Program, please contact:
Neal Slatty, Media Relations
1467 South Blvd., Suite 425
Buffalo, NY
to encourage high school graduates to work at Sparkly Cola
to advertise Sparkly's scholarship award scheme

Select three of the main purposes of the press release.

How much in scholarship money will each student get?

How many states does Sparkly Cola currently operate in?

What is the CEO's relationship to the founder of the

company?
How much money is Sparkly putting into the scholarship
program?
Whose job is it to deal with news organizations?

to publicize Sparkly's new brand of soft drink

to make Sparkly Cola seem part of the local community
to let the public know more about Sparkly Cola
one hundred thousand dollars
twenty thousand dollars
ten thousand dollars
2
3
1
father
daughter
partner
twenty million dollars
two hundred thousand dollars
two million dollars
Sarah Edwards
Sandy Parks
Neal Slatty

Answer
A) Do you know about any company with a corporate social responsibility in your community?
B) What are the benefits that the community is receiving?
C) Municipal, state or federal authorities also receive benefits?
D) What is your opinion about this topic?

CONDITIONALS
Los "conditionales" son ciertas estructuras del ingls en las cuales, si cierta condicin, situacin o
circunstancia es verdadera, entonces sucede un resultado especfico. Aqu veremos varios tipos usuales de
"condicionales"
Zero Conditional - (Type Zero) - Situacin siempre verdadera
Este condicional refiere a una situacin que es siempre verdadera (verdades universales)
If + Present tense
If you freeze water

Present tense
it turns into ice.

If I work too much, I get tired.

If I have time, I usually go to the movies

Si trabajo demasiado, me canso.

Si tengo tiempo, generalmente voy al cine.

WRITE FIVE EXAMPLES WITH THE ZERO CONDITIONAL

_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________

First Conditional - (Type I) - Situacin real o posible

Es necesario que comencemos diciendo que este tipo de frases sirven para mencionar situaciones que ocurrirn en
un futuro y que pueden suceder -probable o seguramente- dependiendo de un determinado requisito para que se
realizen, por eso reciben el nombre de oraciones condicionales, por ejemplo:
If I have enough money, I will / can / must /enjoy my next vacations in Can Cun.
Si tengo suficiente dinero, disfrutare mis proximas vacaciones en Can Cun.
Aqu vemos que es necesario que yo tenga el dinero suficiente para poder concretar la accin, caso contrario sera
imposible que yo pudiera viajar a Can Cun.

IF

CONDICION

CONSECUENCIA

Si

Trabajo duro

Ganare mucho dinero

If

I work hard

I will earn a lot of money

CONDITIONAL TYPE I

can
If + sujeto + presente + sujeto + will / + verbo + complemento
must
If
it
rains today
I
will
stay at home

Ejercicios

If Britney Spears (hit) ..... the paparazzi, she (be) ........ in a serious trouble.
If he (not /listen) to the teacher, he (not /understand) ........... the lesson.
If you (touch) the owen, you (burn) ................ your hand.
If she (break) the window, her parents (pay) ........ for it.
If they (not /go) to the cinema, they (not /enjoy) ........ the movie.
If he (be) intelligent, he (solve) ........ the problem.
If you (go) to the party, I (go) .......... with you.
If she (need) a favour, I (do) ........ it.
If your car (be) broken, the mechanic (repair) ....... it
If you (buy) a new computer, you (give) ............ me the old one.
If the police (catch) the thieves, they (go) ........... to prison.
If the judge (not /find) him guilty, he (not /pay) ........... the fee.
If the weather (be) fine, they (go) .............. camping.
If you (lose) my book, you (buy) ................ a new one.
If I (have) . time, I (not / practice) ................ the exercises.
If you (eat) your vegetables, you (eat) .............. ice-cream.
If it (not rain) we (play) ................ soccer.
If you (stay) at home, we (enjoy) .................. the concert.
If we (disturb) him, he (not finish) .............. his homework.
Now write the next senteses in English
Si tengo tiempo, visitar a mis padres esta tarde. If I have time, Ill visit my parents this afternoon.
Si est caluroso maana, iremos a la playa. _________________________________________________
Si est fro, debes usar ropa abrigada. ________________________________________________________
Si l no hace su tarea, no puede ir a la fiesta. __________________________________________________
Si ella no te llama, t puedes llamarla. _______________________________________________________

Second Conditional - (Type II) - Situacin hipottica irreal

Refiere a una situacin hipottica y se forma segn la estructura if + simple past + simple condicional.
If I won the lottery, I would travel around the world
Si ganara la loteria, yo viajaria por el mundo
If I won the lottery, I could travel around the world
Si ganara la loteria, yo podria viajar por el mundo
Aqu vemos que la accion en pasado mediante la condicion nos permite suponer un resultado hipotetico o sea si ganara la
loteria existe la posibilidad de viajar por el mundo.
IF

CONDICION

CONSECUENCIA

Si

Ganara la loteria

Viajaria por el mundo

If

I won the lottery

I would travel around the world

could

CONDITIONAL TYPE I I

If + sujeto + Pasado + sujeto + would + verbo + complemento

If
I studied for my exams, I
could
have
good notes

If they (use) ......... public transportation, they (save) ........... a lot of money.
If you (have) ....... time in the evenings, you (go) ............... to the cinema.
If I (be) ....... you, I (not spend) ............ all the money.
If your friend (not be) ...... so irritant, I (visit) .............. you.
If my mother (speak) ......... less, I (enjoy) ........... the film.
If you (tell) ....... me the truth, you (not have) ............. problems.
If my brother (ask) ..... for permission, my parents (not annoy) ........... with him.
If he (run) ..... fast, he (win) ............ the race.
If he (send) ...... me an e-mail, I (answer) ............. it.
If my sister (do) ..... the housework, I (go) ............. shopping.
If they (climb) ...... the mountain with a guide, they (not lose) ...............
If you (Know) ...... him well, you (not lend) .............. money.
If he (give) ........ a good excuse, I (forgive) ........... him.
If the teacher (explain) ...... the lesson, I (understand) ............. it.
If the play (not be) ...... so boring, I (not sleep) ............. at the theatre.
If you (live) ......... in a foreign country, you (have) .......... problems with the language.
If the workers (go) ..... on strike, the manager (pay) ................ the salaries.
If my credit card (disappear) ......., I (call) ............. the police.
If my boyfriend (be) ....... jealous, I (not marry) ........... with him.

Now write the next senteses in English

Si yo fuese t, comprara ese auto. If I were you, I would buy that car.
Si l estuviese en mi lugar, no hara esto. _________________________________________________________
Si yo tuviese ms dinero, me comprara un lindo apartamento.______________________________________________

Si no estuviese lloviendo, podramos salir. _______________________________________________________

Si no tuvisemos que trabajar hoy, podramos tener un picnic. ______________________________________________
Nota: la conjugacion del verbo "TO BE" en pasado siempre sera "WERE" para todos los pronombres

Third Conditional - (Type III) - Situacin hipottica del pasado

Refiere a una situacin hipottica del pasado y se forma segn la estructura :
If + Past perfect, sujeto + would/could/ + have + past participle + complement
If she had come on Saturday, I would have seen her.
Si ella hubiese venido el Sbado, yo la habra visto.
If they had left earlier, they would have arrived on time.
Si ellos hubiesen salido ms temprano, habran llegado a tiempo .
Expone una condicin hipottica en pasado ya que el "hubiese" no es real (They had left = haban salido pero el condicional
"If" modifica el sentido de la interpretacin a "hubiesen salido") y que como consecuencia de la misma al aplicar una
condicin la respuesta es una hiptesis irreal "yo habra llegado /yo podra haber llegado.

IF

CONDICION

CONSECUENCIA

Si

Ellos hubiesen salido

Ellos habrian llegado

If

They had left

They would have arrived

Ejercicios

If my father (buy) ..... fast food, I (have) ................ dinner outside.

If Tom (pay) ..... the fee, he (go) ................... to jail.
If the police (arrive) .... earlier, they (catch) ............... the thieves.
I you (do) .... your homework, you (go) ................. the party.
If Susan (not work) ... on Saturday, she (come) ......... to the cinema with us.
If Peter (break) ..... the glass, he (fix) ............. it.
If Michael (know) .... the secret, he (tell) ............. you.
If Jane (not run) ..... inside the house, she (not break) ............ the lamp.
If I (answer) ..... all the questions, I (pass) ............ the test.
If the problems (be) ... easier, I (solve) ............... them.
If you (bring) ..... a present, my sister (be) ............... very happy.
If my mother (knit) .... a sweater, she (give) ............... it to you.
If John (fix) ...... the car, we (go) ............... to the concert.
If my brother (clean) ..... his bedroom, he (not be) .............. punished.
If you (stay) ...... at home, your friends (visit) ............... you.
If I (receive) ...... the letter, I (not travel) ............... to Spain.
If Sally (not spend) ..... all the money, she (buy) ............. a new car.
If the workers (start) ..... the past month, they (finish) .............
If Mary (sell) ... a house, she (not be) ............. fired.
If the kids (play) .... outside, an accident (happen) .............
Now write the next senteses in English

Si t me hubieses telefoneado, habra sabido que estabas aqu.

______________________________________________________________________
Si ellos nos hubiesen invitado, habramos aceptado de inmediato.
______________________________________________________________________
Si no hubiese olvidado su nmero, lo habra llamado.
______________________________________________________________________
Si no hubiese llovido, habramos ido a pescar.
______________________________________________________________________
Si mi hermana hubiese estado aqu, habra disfrutado esto.
________________________________________________________________________
FORMATOS CONDICIONALES
CONDITIONAL TYPE ZERO (condicion real = consecuencia real, verdadera)
if + sujeto + presente + sujeto + tense presente
CONDITIONAL TYPE I (condicion real = consecuencia real, verdadera)
If + sujeto + presente + sujeto + can / may / / must / will / + verbo
CONDITIONAL TYPE II (condicion irreal en pasado= consecuencia irreal, hipotetica)
If + sujeto + pasado + sujeto + would / could / might / + verbo
CONDITIONAL TYPE III (condicion irreal hipotetica = consecuencia irreal, hipotetica)
If + sujeto + pasado perfecto, + sujeto + would /could / mig +have + verbo en pasado participio

QUESTION TAG
Las "QuestionTags" en ingls se usa para pedir la opinin o buscar la aprobacin del interlocutor. Equivalen en
espaol a: no es verdad?, no?, no es as?
TRES REGLAS BASICAS

1
2
3
4.

Las question tags siempre se escribiran en forma interrogativa

Los tag questions utilizan siempre los verbos auxiliares de la forma inicial de la oracion.
Con oraciones afirmativas utilizamos un tag question en NEGATIVO.
Con oraciones negativas utilizamos un tag question en AFIRMATIVO o POSITIVO
En oraciones imperativas

Give these books to Luis!

(Dale estos libros a Luis)

Will you? (lo haras?)

Could you? (podrias?)
Can you? (puedes?)
Would you? (lo harias?)
I Am / I Am not / Are / Aren't / Is/ Isn't
Was / Wasn't / Were / Weren't

I am on the list of those who have passed the test, aren't I? (Are para 1 persona del plural)
Pearl and Nick aren't in position to buy an expensive house, are they?
Your friends weren't expecting your call, were they?
It was a great day to go camping, wasn't it?
Do / Don't / Does / Doesn't
Did / Didn't

I don't play tennis very well, do I?

Those musicians play beautifully that song, don't they?
Wendy doesn't like coffee, does she?
The room looks great with the new painting, doesn't it?

Alice and Nick invited you to their wedding, didn't they?

We didn't come on time to see the festival, did we?
Have / Haven't / Has/Hasn't

I have chosen the shirt you like, haven't I?

Phillip and Judith haven't been in the supermarket, have they?
Edith hasn't attended classes lately, has she?
The Lord of the Rings has been a good film, hasn't it?
EJERCICIOS

He always loses money, _doesnt he__?

My father took the keys, _didnt he___?
He lives in London, _______________?
It is very cold, ____________________?
We are not going to sleep, _______________?
Your brother was very sorry, ________________?
They want to sell their house, ____________________?
Your mother enjoyed the opera last night, __________________?
This is a beautiful house, ____________________?
My sister never writes letters, ________________?
My cousin was wearing rubber boots, ___________________?
You can not see that notice, _______________?
Jennifer was very surprised, ______________________?
Tommy will be in Paris tomorrow, __________________?
Workers will go on strike the next week, ________________?
It is not a new car, _____________?
John did not learn English, ________________?
We are going to rent an apartment, _________________?
Susan broke her glasses, ___________________?
The salesman showed an expensive dress, ______________?
Ahora traslada al ingles las siguientes oraciones para hacer una etiqueta pregunta
Su coche no es barato
his car isnt cheap. Is it?
Somos amigos
__________________________________________
puedes ayudarme
_________________________________________
Hay un museo en esta ciudad
__________________________________________
Yo no hice nada malo
__________________________________________
Lisa ha perdido su identidad
Lisa has lost her ID, hasnt she?
No estabas en la fiesta de anoche __________________________________________
Buena idea
That is a great idea!, isnt it?
EMBEDDED QUESTION

Una pregunta incrustada es una pregunta que se incluye dentro de otra pregunta o afirmacin. Ellos son comunes
despus de las frases introductorias, tales como:
I wonder
Could you tell me?
Do you know?
Can you remember?
Let's ask
We need to find out
I'd like to know
I'm not sure

me pregunto
Me podra decir?
Sabes?
Puedes recordar?
Pidmosle
Tenemos que saber
Me gustara saber
No estoy seguro

Would you mind explaining me ?

Te importara explicarme?
Do you happen to know?
De casualidad sabes?

Si la pregunta incrustada incluye un verbo auxiliar o el verbo "ser", invierte las posiciones del sujeto y el
verbo auxiliar, como en los siguientes ejemplos.
Pregunta directa:
Embedded pregunta
Pregunta directa:
Embedded:

What did he say? (Qu dijo?)

Could you tell me what he said?(Podra decirme lo que dijo?)
Can you help me?(Puede usted ayudarme?)
I wonder if you can help me?me pregunto si usted puede ayudarme.

Pregunta directa:
Is he a doctor?( Es un doctor?)
Embedded pregunta: Do you know if he is a doctor?(Sabes si l es un doctor?)
Do not use a verbal contraction at the end of the sentence.
Direct Question
Correct Embedded Question
Incorrect Embedded Question

Where is he? (donde esta el?)

Do you know where he is?( sabes donde el esta?)
Do you know where he ? XXXXX

Exercise: Change the following questions to noun clauses after the appropriate main clauses supplied.
1. When does the train arrive?
Do you know WHEN THE TRAIN ARRIVES?
2. Was Sam in San Francisco last year? (COMO PREGUNTA DIRECTA)
I don't know IF SAM WAS IN SAN FRANCISCO LAST YEAR (COMO PREGUNTA INDIRECTA )
3. Where's your brother going to live next year?
I'm not exactly sure WHERE MY BROTHER IS GOING TO LIVE NEXT YEAR?
4. What is the teacher's name?
Can you tell me _____________________________________________________
5. Does this school have a cafeteria?
Could you please tell me IF THIS SCHOOL HAS A CAFETERIA?
6. When did the new factory open?
Do you remember ________________________________________________________
7. Where can I find a good shoe store?
Do you know WHERE I CAN FINE A GOOD SHOE STORE?
8. How far is Oregon from here?
I'd like to find out ___________________________________________
9. What time is it?
Could you please tell me WHAT TIME IT IS?
10. Are there any new employees this week?
I really can't tell you _____________________________________________________
El Reported peech o Estilo indirecto es una estructura que usamos cuando reportamos o hacemos mencin sobre
algo que alguien ha dicho previamente. Aqu tenemos varias ejemplos que nos ayudarn a entender su uso
En las preguntas indirectas el orden del sujeto y del verbo principal es el mismo que en las frases afirmativas o
negativas. Do you know where she lives? .Nota : DQ = Direct Question, IQ = Indirect Question.

Am I/Am I not...? / Are/Aren't ( you, ...)..? / Is/Isn't (she, he, ...)...?

Was/Wasn't ( I, he, she, it...)...? Were/ Weren't (you, they...)...?
DQ) Whom am I going to invite to my birthday party?
A quin voy a invitar a mi fiesta de cumpleaos?
(IQ) I WONDER WHOM I AM GOING TO INVITE TO MY BIRTHDAY PARTY
Me pregunto a quin voy a invitar a mi fiesta de cumpleaos.
(DQ) Why wasn't she happy with the result of the test?
Por qu ella no estaba contenta con los resultados del examen?
(IQ) ________________________________________________________________________
Podras decirme porqu ella no estaba contenta con los resultados del examen?
Do/Don't( I, you ...)...? / Does/Doesn't ( he, she, it...)...?
Did (I, he, they...) ... ?
(DQ) What time does Margaret expect to be here?
A qu hora espera Margaret estar aqu?
(IQ) COULD YOU TELL MEW HAT TIME MARGARET EXPECTS TO BE HERE?
Podras decirme a qu hora espera Margaret estar aqu?
(DQ) What else did the teachers say about me?
Qu ms dijeron los profesores sobre m?
(IQ) ________________________________________________________________
Podras repetir qu ms dijeron los profesores sobre m?
Have/Haven't ( I, you, they...)...? / Has/Hasn't ( he, she, it...)...?
Had/Hadn't ( I, you, she...)...?
(DQ) What has Nick done for Sarah to be so upset?
Qu ha hecho Nick para que Sarah est tan enojada?
(IQ) I WONDER WHAT NICK HAS DONE FOR SARAH TO BE SO UPSET?
Me pregunto qu ha hecho Nick para que Sarah est tan enojada.
(DQ) Where else had the robbers been hiding the jewels?
Dnde ms haban estado escondiendo las joyas los ladrones?
(IQ) _______________________________________________________________________________
La polica me pregunt dnde ms haban estado escondiendo las joyas los ladrones.
Will/Won't ( )...?
Would/Wouldn't ( )...?
(DQ) Why else won't anybody tell Scott the truth?
Por qu otra razn nadie le dira la verdad a Scott?
(IQ) I WONDER WHY ELSE ANYBODY TELL SCOTT THE TRUTH?
Me pregunto por qu otra razn nadie le dira la verdad a Scott.
(DQ) When else would Peter invite Barbara?
En qu otra ocasin invitara Peter a Barbara?
(IQ) __________________________________________________________________________
Sally sabe en qu otra ocasin invitara Peter a Barbara?
Can/Can't ( )...? Could/Couldn't ( )...?
(DQ) How soon can the police come here to see what is happening?
Cun pronto puede venir la polica para ver qu sucede?
(IQ) PEOPLE AT STREET ARE ASKING HOW SOON THE POLICE CAN COME HERE TO SEE WHAT IS
HAPPENING?

La gente en la calle est preguntando cun pronto puede venir la polica para ver qu sucede.
(DQ) Where could Tony and his wife come from if they live in the South?
De dnde podran venir Tony y su esposa si viven en el sur?
(IQ)
_________________________________________________________________________________________________
Necesito saber de dnde podran venir Tony y su esposa si viven en el sur.
May ( )...? / May ( ) not ..?
Might ( )...? / Might ( ) not...?
(DQ) How can I translate this sentence?
Cmo puedo traducir esta oracin?
(IQ) ________________________________________
(DQ) When might Tim come to the hospital to see his cousin?
Cundo podra ir Tim al hospital a ver a su primo?
(IQ) ___________________________________________________________________________
Dime por favor cundo podra ir Tim al hospital a ver a su primo.
Should/Shouldn't ( )...?
Must/Mustn't ( )...?
(DQ) When should Susan's mother call you to see if you have any news?
Cundo debera llamar la mam de Susan para ver si tienes alguna novedad?
(IQ) I WONDER WHEN SUSANS MOTHER SHOULD CALL YOU TO SEE IF YOU HAVE ANY NEWS
Me pregunto cundo debera llamar la mam de Susan para ver si tienes alguna novedad.
(DQ) Who must my brother call to get an appointment to the director?
A quin debe llamar mi hermano para conseguir una entrevista con el director?
(IQ) ___________________________________________________________________________
Me pregunto a quin debe llamar mi hermano para conseguir una entrevista con el