FUTURO (will & going to)

FORMA CASOS ESPECIALES

AFFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE INTERROGATIVE Hace años, la forma SHALL se usaba cuando el sujeto de la
oración era I o WE. Aún hoy se puede usar en inglés muy formal:
Se forma el SIMPLE Se forma la negativa del Se forma la
FUTURE con el auxiliar SIMPLE FUTURE con WILL interrogativa del I shall not abandon you.
WILL: NOT o WON'T seguido del SIMPLE FUTURE We shall see.
infinitivo usando WILL + S + Vinf:
The film will start at six. Como WILL y SHALL se contraían en inglés oral de la misma
They will arrive soon. He won't like that. Will you give me a hand? forma ('LL), ahora se suele usar sólo WILL para todas las
I won't say no. Will she be there? personas, como hemos visto. Sin embargo, se sigue usando
SHALL en cuatro clases de PREGUNTAS (como va al principio, no
se contrae y por tanto nunca se ha llegado a confundir con WILL).
Se forma el FUTURO Se forma la negativa del Se forma la interrogativa
Se usa SHALL para:
CON GOING TO FUTURO CON GOING TO del FUTURO CON
usando el auxiliar BE en con la forma negativa de BE GOING TO usando AM / – hacer un ofrecimiento: Shall I help you with that?
presente, seguido de en presente (AM NOT, IS IS / ARE + S + Vinf:
GOING TO y el NOT, ARE NOT), seguida por – pedir instrucciones: Where shall I put this?
INFINITIVO del verbo GOING TO y el INFINITIVO Are you going to ask
principal: del verbo principal: her? – hacer una sugerencia: Shall we go to the cinema tonight?
What am I going to do
It is going to rain. I'm not going to tell you. with you? – pedir sugerencias: What shall we do tonight?
We are going to be late. They aren't going to be Todas estas preguntas se traducen en español en PRESENTE
happy about that. SIMPLE.
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1) PREDICCIONES
• Usamos WILL para predicciones
meteorológicas, información
periodística sobre hechos futuros o
predicciones de otros tipos (a
menudo con expresiones como
probably, I'm sure, etc.); fíjate
dónde se coloca probably:
Tomorrow it will rain in the north.
The Prime Minister will hold a press
conference tomorrow.
He will probably win.
She probably won't go.
• Usamos GOING TO para
advertencias o conclusiones seguras
a partir de indicios:
Look at those clouds! It's going to rain.
You're going to fall if you aren't
careful!
USO
2) PLANES E INTENCIONES 3) VOLUNTAD 4) CON CIERTOS
VERBOS
• Usamos WILL para decisiones espontáneas • Usamos WILL para expresar
que se toman mientras se habla: nuestra voluntad, sobre todo • Con algunos verbos
en negativa: siempre se usa WILL
What will you have for dessert? y no GOING TO para
I think I'll have some apple pie, please. He won't let his daughter marry hablar del futuro:
an unemployed man.
• Usamos GOING TO para decisiones que ya se The teacher won't change the I imagine they will tell
han tomado, planes o intenciones firmes: date of the exam again. me if he gets worse.
(= will not want to do it) I suppose she will
I'm going to study at Cambridge University.
We may be defeated today, but come by car.
My father's going to buy a hybrid car.
we won't give up. We will
• También se usa el PRESENT CONTINUOUS continue the fight! Fíjate bien: algunos de
para hablar sobre planes, y sobre todo para Let you copy my answers? I'm estos verbos se
preguntar: sorry, but I won't. traducen en presente
simple en español:
What are you doing next Saturday? (El sustantivo will también
quiere decir “voluntad”). I hope you will be
• También se usa el PRESENT SIMPLE para
happy.
hablar sobre horarios (todos los días sucede a
I don't think he'll want
la misma hora):
to celebrate his 59th
What time does the next train leave? birthday.

EXERCISES
1) Completa estas oraciones con el SIMPLE FUTURE de uno de 2) Escribe preguntas en futuro simple para que te repitan la
los verbos de la lista (en afirmativa o negativa): información subrayada. Usa estas “wh- words”:

buy / die / disappear / eat / go / know / make / rise / snow / start how / how many / how much / how often / what time / when / where /
whose / why

1. If you don't finish your homework by ten we ________ to the zoo. 1. I'll finish that report tomorrow.
2. The sea level ________ if we don't stop global warming. 2. The train will leave at a quarter past six.
3. I ________ what I want to study until I am a little older. 3. We will use my friend Robert's camera to take the photos at the wedding.
4. Tomorrow it ________ in the mountains. 4. We'll need a lot of bread for the sandwiches.
5. I'm not very hungry. I think I ________ the salad only. 5. I haven't got a compass, so 'll draw the circle using the lid of a jam jar.
6. My father has promised he ________ a mobile if I pass my 6. I'll plant that apple seed in that corner of the garden.
exams. 7. I will write you a letter every week.
7. Tomorrow I ________ some pizza for dinner. 8. Twelve students have to resit the exam.
8. That plant ________ unless you water it right now. 9. My parents won't buy me a new computer because they say I'm addicted.
9. The car ________ today. The battery is not working. 10. My sister will help me design the web page.
10. The ice ________ when the spring comes.

3) Completa las oraciones con la forma correcta de BE GOING 4) Completa las oraciones con WILL o BE GOING TO y uno de los
TO y uno de los verbos de la lista: verbos entre paréntesis:

be (x2) / change / choose / get / install / lose / make / run / tolerate 1. I'm not sure... I think I ___ the green shirt. (buy)
2. I hope you ___ all ___ your final exams. (pass)
1. I ________ a doctor when I grow up. 3. I haven't been able to save much this year, so I ___ my holidays at
2. My brother ________ a marathon next year. home. (spend)
3. If they don't stop wasting time they ________ the match. 4. What ___ you ___ next weekend, do you know yet? (do)
4. There isn't any meat, so I ________ an omelette for dinner. 5. Is that the phone? Wait, I ___ it. (answer)
5. My sister ________ very angry when she sees what you did. 6. Sorry, I can't come with you, I ___ my hair. (wash)
6. Can you feel that wind? The weather ________ change very soon. 7. OK, now we ___ the vocabulary in this photocopy. (revise)
7. I ________ an antivirus program to protect my computer. 8. Next week we ___ probably ___ an exam, but I'm not sure yet. (have)
8. People ________ such a high level of corruption for long. 9. The doctor has said that he ___ faster than she expected. (recover)
9. We ________ the class representative next week. 10. I still don't know for sure, but I think I ___ English. (pass)
10. The last exercise ________ easy.
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