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Abstract IIAS Doha Feb 2023 - 221128 - 075508
Abstract IIAS Doha Feb 2023 - 221128 - 075508
2023
Recently, there is a growing demand for the public sector, like private
companies, to be guided by the objective of innovation, driven by the logic
of corporate and entrepreneurial government, generating schemes and
modalities of innovation. This has been seen as part of the processes of
continuous improvement and quality in organizations. Innovations occupy
many areas. As a case study, this article highlights the important
innovations in the 4 main cities-region and metropolitan areas of
Colombia, such as Bogotá, Barranquilla, Medellin and Cali, (Boisier, 2006;
Fristzche and Vrio, 1999; Méndez, 2007) have been developed to promote
foreign investment, in key areas where value-added generation processes
stand out in terms of competitiveness (Strent, 2008; Borja, 2002; Varela,
2014). The text evaluates certain institutional and organizational
responses and innovations from these four large metropolitan cities,
comparing certain strengths and concerted initiatives in terms of
institutional innovations (Nagel, 1986; Dannestam, 2008). These
metropolitan regions try to position themselves in dynamics of
competitiveness and economic development (Brugué and Gomá, 2002;
Medina, 2012; Ciccolella, 2006), highlighting goals such as generating
models of Digital Cities, Business Cities, or Smart Cities (Smart cities)
(Ventriss, 2012; Sassen, 2008)
These subnational governments, in alliance with the most important
regional universities, chambers of commerce and other business and civil
society organizations, promoting projects to build, from these dynamics of
participation with structured agendas, the formulation of prospective
strategic plans, and the redefinition of public agendas for innovation. It
also involves innovation in territorial public management and the
redefinition of the roles of local governments and their coordination
structures. It is worth mentioning the growing weight in the
implementation of public policies -in these metropolitan regions- of the
private sector, of the academy itself, and the innovative efforts of
coordination, collaboration and public-private partnerships (Pascual,
2007; Restrepo, 2007; Velazco, 2007; Pineda, 2012). These innovations
are certainly broad, because not only from the public-state sector, since
regional private corporate figures have been created (the first was
"ProAntioquia", followed by "ProBarranquilla", and in more recent stages
were constituted, "ProBogotá", and Propacifico, the latter in Cali. All under
the same model, in innovation transfer schemes. In addition, other private
entities have emerged such as InvestPacific that play a role of marketing
and attracting investment by foreign capitalists and alliances with large
national entrepreneurs in strategic development projects of the different
regions, in articulation with investment banks, including multilateral
banks (IDB, World Bank, CAF, among others). All these management
models and the configuration of such corporate business operators have
been initiatives of the private sector in agreement with the Governors and
mayors of the aforementioned four large cities. This has implied promoting
a new Governance of the territory, for the management of its
infrastructures (roads, ports and airports), habitat, urban renewal, the
facilitation of environments conducive to the consolidation of industrial
and business districts; the training of human resources, and research and
development in each region (Cabrero, Orihuela, and Ziccardi, 2003).
Finally, the text takes stock of the scalar relationships between the
different levels of public administration in Colombia and the role played by
the national government in these competitiveness policies. It also shows a
partial balance of the achievements of such policies: in the improvement of
competitiveness, the attraction of foreign investment, the creation of
regional clusters and export platforms, and the new type of jobs and
transformation of human resources, as the main results of such
innovation policies. Such innovations cut through various typologies,
attributes, new products, goods and services. These examples show us
new models and rules for managing complex organizations. In short, these
Colombian cases show processes linked not only to the improvement of
regional public management, but to use and innovate with effective
instruments based on forms and schemes of business management, both
private and to promote the model of entrepreneurial or business
government (Mazzucatto, 2015; Kattel, Dreschler, and Karo, 2022).