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GLOSSARY.
Tutor: Alumna:
Argenis Bravo. Maria Pereira
GLOSARIO DE TERMINOS
Abdomen: Zona del cuerpo, entre la parte inferior de las costillas y la parte superior
de los muslos, que encierra, principalmente, al tubo digestivo y sus órganos anexos.
Vientre.
Abdomen: Area of the body, between the lower part of the ribs and the upper part
of the thighs, which mainly encloses the digestive tract and its attached organs. Belly.
Bebés Azules: Bebés con una coloración azul (cianosis) de la piel debido a una
insuficiencia de oxígeno en la sangre arterial. A menudo es una señal de un defecto
cardíaco.
Blue Babies: Babies with a blue discoloration (cyanosis) of the skin due to
insufficient oxygen in the arterial blood. It is often a sign of a heart defect.
Biopsy: It is the removal of a tissue sample to be examined and it is the only way to
accurately determine if an abnormality is cancerous or not.
C
Gallstones (Glad Stone): A solid piece of material that forms when substances in
the bile harden. Stone attacks usually occur after meals. Signs of a stone crisis include
nausea, vomiting, or pain in the abdomen, back, or under the right arm.
Cancer: It is the uncontrolled growth of abnormal cells in the body. Cancer cells
are also called malignant cells.
D
Diabetes: A disease in which the body does not produce insulin or does not use it
properly. Insulin is needed to convert sugar and starch into the energy needed for daily life.
Diarrea: Es una afección que se presenta cuando usted expulsa heces acuosas o sueltas.
Diarrhea: This is a condition that occurs when you pass watery or loose stools.
Edema: Hinchazón causada por una acumulación de líquido en los tejidos del
organismo.
Factor de Riesgo: Elemento o condición que implica cierto grado de riesgo o peligro.
Al hablar del corazón y los vasos sanguíneos, el factor de riesgo se refiere a un aumento de
las probabilidades de padecer una enfermedad cardiovascular, un ataque cerebral inclusive.
Risk Factor: Element or condition that implies a certain degree of risk or danger.
When talking about the heart and blood vessels, the risk factor refers to an increased chance
of suffering from cardiovascular disease, including a stroke.
Fever: Fever is the temporary increase in body temperature in response to some disease
or illness. It is an important part of the body's defenses against infection.
White Blood Cells: Cells are part of the defense system, in hematology neutrophils,
lymphocytes, basophils and eosinophils are reported. White blood cells are elevated in the
case of infections caused by bacteria, and may be decreased in infections caused by some
viruses. The elevation in eosinophil values is related to the presence of allergic states. Its
normal values are from 5,000 to 10,000 per cubic millimeter.
Glucosa: Es el principal monosacárido en la sangre y una fuente importante de energía
para los seres vivos. Abundante en el azúcar, las frutas, la miel y los refrescos.
Glucose: It is the main monosaccharide in the blood and an important source of energy
for living beings. Abundant in sugar, fruits, honey and soft drinks.
Gota: Tipo de artritis dolorosa que ocurre cuando el ácido úrico se acumula en exceso
en el cuerpo. A menudo se inicia en el dedo gordo del pie.
Gout: A painful type of arthritis that occurs when excess uric acid builds up in the
body. It often starts in the big toe.
Hematology: Hematologists treat diseases of the blood, spleen, and lymph. Some
examples are anemia, sickle cell disease, hemophilia, and leukemia.
Hemoglobina: Es una proteína que tiene como función transportar el oxígeno que
está en los pulmones hasta los distintos tejidos del organismo, así como llevar de vuelta el
dióxido de carbono producido en las células hasta los pulmones para que sea eliminado por
la respiración. Los valores normales de hemoglobina se ubican entre 12 y 16 gramos por
decilitro. Cuando los valores de hemoglobina se encuentran por debajo de los límites
normales nos encontramos en presencia de una enfermedad conocida como anemia.
Urinary incontinence: It is the loss of bladder control. Symptoms can range from a
slight leak of urine to abundant and uncontrollable output of it. It can happen to anyone, but
it is more common with age.
Índice de Masa Corporal (IMC): Cifra que los médicos emplean para determinar el
riesgo cardiovascular creado por el sobrepeso o la obesidad.
Body Mass Index (BMI): Number those doctors use to determine the cardiovascular
risk created by being overweight or obese.
Mammotrak: It is a stretcher that allows performing MRI studies of the Breast and
MRI-guided Biopsies of superior image quality, since it has a higher capacity antenna that
acquires better images of the breast and armpit.
Mamografía Digital: La mamografía digital es un sistema versátil de alto contraste,
con dosis de radiación sensiblemente menores, y que ofrece un amplio campo de acción
para el estudio médico del seno.
Nephrology: Nephrology is the branch of internal medicine that deals with the study of
kidney structure and function, both in health and disease, including the prevention and
treatment of kidney disease.
Obstetrics: It is the branch of medicine that takes care of pregnancy, childbirth and the
puerperium (the period from childbirth until the woman returns to the state she had before
pregnancy).
Páncreas: Órgano ubicado detrás del estómago, que, entre otras cosas, contribuye a
controlar los niveles de azúcar en sangre.
Pancreas: Organ located behind the stomach, which, among other things, helps
control blood sugar levels.
Q
Quimioembolización: Procedimiento para administrar quimioterapia directamente
al tumor o masa y luego detener el flujo de sangre al tumor para reducir el tamaño del
mismo.
Quiropráctico: Los quiroprácticos ajustan partes específicas del cuerpo (en general,
la columna vertebral) para prevenir y tratar enfermedades.
Chiropractor: Chiropractors adjust specific parts of the body (usually the spine) to
prevent and treat disease.
Rayos X: Tipo de radiación empleada para crear una imagen de las estructuras
internas del organismo sobre una película.
X-rays: A type of radiation used to create an image of the internal structures of the
body on film.
Measles: It is one of the most contagious viral diseases that exist. The measles virus
is transmitted through direct contact with the airborne respiratory droplets of an infected
person. Measles is so contagious that just being in the same room as a person with measles
can result in infection. Common symptoms include: rash, fever, cough, and red, watery
eyes. The fever can be persistent, the rash can last up to a week, and the cough can last
about 10 days. Measles can also cause pneumonia, seizures, brain damage, or death.
OB/GYN Services: OB/GYNs care for women during pregnancy and delivery
(known as “OB”). They also treat disorders of the female reproductive system (known as
“gynecology”).
Tai Chi: A traditional Chinese form of mind/body exercise and meditation that uses
slow series of body movements and controlled breathing. Tai chi is performed to improve
balance, flexibility, muscle strength, and general health. As practiced in the West today, it
can perhaps best be thought of as a moving form of yoga and meditation combined. Often
described as "moving meditation" but might as well be called "moving medication."
Tendón: Tejido fuerte, fibroso, similar a un cordón, que conecta el músculo con el
hueso o con otra estructura, como el globo del ojo. Los tendones ayudan a mover el hueso o
la estructura.
Tendon: Strong, fibrous, cord-like tissue that connects muscle to bone or to another
structure, such as the eyeball. Tendons help move the bone or structure.
Therapy: Branch of medicine focused on teaching how to treat various diseases and
how to face the treatment itself.
Ultrasonido Doppler: Tecnología que emplea ondas sonoras para estudiar el flujo
de sangre dentro del corazón y los vasos sanguíneos e identificar las válvulas que presentan
pérdida de sangre.
Doppler Ultrasound: Technology that uses sound waves to study the flow of blood
within the heart and blood vessels and identify valves that are leaking.
Vaccine: The organic substance or virus, suitably prepared, which, applied to the
organism, will cause it to react against it, preserving it from subsequent infections.
Xanthelasma: Skin condition of deposits of fatty materials below the surface of the
skin, the diameter of which varies from very small to more than 7.5 cm. These deposits
may be a symptom of underlying metabolic disorders that are associated with increased
blood lipids. It is also known as xanthoma or fatty skin masses.