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QY-=8;;s
Jnj`lzjibr id Gdcjtb`bmãj
Cjnuj` id Tsujrlb
:
Ide`jrjelõn
@js hlmurjs dn dstd cjnuj` sbn sb`b pjrj idcbstrjelõn, pudidn ilhdrlr id `j pjntj``j jetuj`, pbr
hjvbr rdvlsd id jeudrib j `j pjntj``j jetuj` id su lnstrucdntb.
J cdnbs qud dxlstj jutbrlzjelõn id Qjytb, nlnmunj pdrsbnj u brmjnlzjelõn dstj jutbrlzjij pjrj
ebplj, cbilhlejr b trjiuelr dstd cjnuj`.
Ub`b sl tbi
Ub`b tbibs
bs `bs rdq
rdqud
udrlc
rlcldn
ldntbs
tbs slm
slmuld
uldnt
ntds,
ds, Qjy
Qjytb
tb sd gjr
gjrêê rd
rdspb
spbns
nsja
ja`d
`d pbr
pbr `j ebnhl
ebnhlja
jal`li
l`liji
ji,,
sdmurliji y idsdcpdúb id` prbiuetb.
• Lnstj`je
Lnstj`jelõn
lõn,, jfu
jfust
std,
d, jet
jetuj
uj`lz
`lzjel
jelõn
õn y rdpjr
rdpjrje
jelõn
lõn rdj
rdj`lz
`lzjij
jij pbr
pbr pdr
pdrsbn
sbnjj u br
brmj
mjnlz
nlzje
jelõn
lõn
jutbrlzjij pbr Qjytb.
• Bpdrjelõn id` lnstrucdntb rdj`lzjij id jeudrib j` cjnuj` id usujrlb dstrletjcdntd.
• Qdqudrlcldntbs d`ìetrlebs eucp`libs dn su tbtj`liji.
1
Nbtj
Dstd lnstrucdntb idad sdr bpdrjib pbr un prbhdslbnj` dn d` jnê`lsls e`ãnleb, cdileb dntrdnjib b
pdrsbnj` ejpjeltjib dn jnê`lsls id `jabrjtbrlb.
Jivdrtdnelj
Ul `j brmjnlzjelõn, gbspltj` b `jabrjtbrlb qud utl`lzj dstd lnstrucdntb nb pudid cjntdndr un
prbmrjcj id cjntdnlcldntb prdvdntlvb/ebrrdetlvb pjrj d` lnstrucdntb, pudid sdr ejusj id
hj``j dn d` lnstrucdntb, dn `bs jnê`lsls rdj`lzjibs, lne`uslvd rdprdsdntjr pd`lmrb pjrj d`
bpdrjibr.
D` jnj`lzjibr idad sdr bpdrjib ajfb ebnilelbnds dstja`delijs, sl nb sd eucp`d, dstb pudid
ejusjr hunelbnjcldntb jnbrcj`, rdsu`tjibs nb ebnhlja`ds, idtdrlbrjr pjrtds id` lnstrucdntb d
lne`uslvd rdprdsdntjr pd`lmrb pjrj d` bpdrjibr.
5
@lcltd id Y
Ydcpdrjturj
dcpdrjturj
Hrêml`
[jrtds hrêml`ds dstên ebntdnlijs dn d` dcaj`jfd, pbr `b tjntb sd idad
cjndfjr ebn eulijib iurjntd d` trjnspbrtd.
Qldsmb alb`õmleb
Hjarlejntd
9
Jivdrtdnel
Jivdrt dnelj6
j6 Uãr
Uãrvjs
vjsdd `dd
`ddrr eul
euliji
ijibsj
bsjcdnt
cdntdd `bs sl
slmul
muldntd
dntdss jnu
jnunel
nelbs
bs jnt
jntds
ds id usj
usjrr dst
dstdd
lnstrucdntb.
:. Jpjm
Jpjmudud `j hudnt
hudntdd id pbtdne
pbtdnelj
lj lncdi
lncdiljtj
ljtjcdnt
cdntdd sl sd prdsd
prdsdntj
ntjnn b`brds jnb
jnbrcj`
rcj`ds
ds b gucb y
rdtlrd d` dneguhd id` tbcj id ebrrldntd. Tstdi sd idad ebcunlejr ebn `bs ilstrlaulibrds y j
`bs jmdntds id nudstrj ebcpjúãj id lncdiljtb y prbpbrelbnjr d` lnhbrcd. Ul d` ilspbsltlvb
ebntlnuj sldnib utl`lzjib ajfb dsjs ebnilelbnds, sd pbirãj ejusjr un lnednilb, rdelalr unj
idsejrmj d`ìetrlej u bejslbnjr `j cudrtd id un dcp`djib.
1. Nb pdrc
pdrcltltjj qud
qud ejlm
ejlmjj sjnm
sjnmrd
rd,, cjtd
cjtdrl
rlj`
j`ds
ds rdje
rdjetltlvb
vbss b pldz
pldzjs
js cd
cdtê
tê`l`lej
ejss j` lntd
lntdrl
rlbr
br id`
id`
lnstrucdntb yj qud sd pbirãj bejslbnjr un ebrtb elreultb, prbvbejr gucb b un lnednilb. Ul
gjy j`mb jnbrcj`, ebrtd `j hudntd id pbtdnelj lncdiljtjcdntd y idsdneguhd d` jpjrjtb id`
tbcj-ebrrldntd. Tstdi sd idad ebcunlejr ebn `bs ilstrlaulibrds y j `bs jmdntds id nudstrj
ebcpjúãj id lncdiljtb y prbpbrelbnjr d` lnhbrcd.
5. @bs bpdr
bpdrjibrds
jibrds nnbb idad
idadnn tbejr `b
`bss elreultbs dd`ìetrlebs
`ìetrlebs id
idntrb
ntrb id
id`` lnstrucdn
lnstrucdntb,
tb, dspd
dspdelj`cdntd
elj`cdntd
gjy un rldsmb id idsejrmj d`ìetrlej eujnib sbn tbejibs ebn `js cjnbs gucdidelijs.
9. Ud idad
idadnn utl`lzjr mujntds iurjntd d` cjnt
cjntdnlcldntb
dnlcldntb y `j rdv
rdvlslõn
lslõn id` ln
lnstrucdntb
strucdntb j` lmuj` qud
`js gdrrjcldntjs id iljmnbstleb y `js pjrtds id rdejcalb brlmlnj`ds. Idspuìs
Idspuìs id tdrclnjr `j
bpdrjelõn, utl`led fjaõn `ãqulib idslnhdetjntd pjrj `jvjrsd `js cjnbs. Id `b ebntrjrlb, `js
pjrtds id `j pld` qud dntrjn dn ebntjetb ebn `j sjnmrd sd pudidn lnhdetjr, rdelalr egbquds
d`ìetrlebs b qudcjiurjs.
4. Udj cuy eulijibsb j` cjnlpu
cjnlpu`jr
`jr `js cud
cudstrjs.
strjs. Uldcp
Uldcprd
rd utl`led mujntd
mujntdss id `b ebntrjrlb pbirãj
lnhdetjrsd. Ul `j cudstrj `d ejd dn `bs bfbs b dn j`munj gdrlij jaldrtj usd ajstjntd jmuj
pjrj `jvjrsd lncdiljtjcdntd y vdj j un cìileb tjn prbntb ebcb sdj pbsla`d.
Tsb id `bs rdjetlvbs
• Ud idad dvltjr d` ebntjetb id `bs rdjetlvbs ebn `j pld` y rbpj iurjntd `j bpdrjelõn.
• Ul d` jmdntd rdjetlvb `d ejd dn `bs bfbs, usd ajstjntd jmuj pjrj `jvjrsd lncdiljtjcdntd y
vdj j un cìileb tjn prbntb ebcb sdj pbsla`d.
• Ul pbr drrbr lnmldrd d` jmdntd rdjetlvb, rdeurrj j `bs cìilebs lncdiljtjcdntd y adaj cuegj
jmuj pjrj lniuelr d` vbcltb id` rdjetlvb id lncdiljtb.
• Ul `d ejd (d` jmdntd rdjetlvb) dn `js cjnbs b dn `j pld` `êvdsd ebn jmuj dnsdmulij.
• @bs prbiuetbs id idsdegb ebcb tuabs usjibs, btrbs lnstrucdntbs y ebnsucla`ds, sd idadn
idsej
idsejrtj
rtjrr jprb
jprbplj
pljijc
ijcdnt
dntdd tj`
tj` ebcb
ebcb sd gje
gjedd ebn idsd
idsdeg
egbs
bs cìi
cìileb
lebss b idspd
idspdri
rilel
lelbs
bs
lnhdeelbsbs.
pbr jmdntds Ul `j ebntjclnjelõn ds ejusjij pbr sjnmrd dxlstd `j pbslal`liji id sdr lnhdetjib
pjtõmdnbs.
• Tsd prbtdeelõn jideujij cldntrjs rddcp`jzj `bs rdjetlvbs.
4
• D` suclnlstrb d`ìetrleb y d` pb`b j tldrrj pjrj dstd lnstrucdntb idadn sdr audnbs y dstja`ds
• @j e`jvlfj id` jijptjibr id pbtdnelj nb idad sdr lnsdrtjib dn un tbcj qud nb eucp`j ebn
`bs rdqulsltbs id vb`tjfd lnilejibs dn `j p`jej trjsdrj id` lnstrucdntb, sd pbirãj bejslbnjr un
ebrtb elreultb b lnednilb.
• Eujnib d` lnstrucdntb ds lnstj`jib, d` eja`d id j`lcdntjelõn y d` jijptjibr id ebrrldntd
ebcb jeedsbrlbs id` lnstrucdntb idadn sdr usjibs y unj audnj lnstj`jelõn id pb`b j tldrrj
idad sdr jsdmurjij.
• NB IDYDQLBQD
IDYDQLBQD `j ejpj prbt prbtdetb
detbrj
rj id` eja`d id j`lcdnt
j`lcdntjelõn
jelõn.. NB YLQ YLQDD id` eja
eja`d
`d id
j`lcdntjelõn b eud`mud jrtãeu`bs id d`, sd pbirãj bejslbnjr un ebrtb elreultb b lnednilb.
• [jrj ebndetjr d`dcdntbs pdrlhìrlebs, `j j`lcdntjelõn id pbtdnelj idad dstjr idsebndetjij
idsebndetjij b
un ebrtb elreultb b idsejrmj d`ìetrlej pudid sdr bejslbnjij.
• Nb jarj `bs pjnd`ds `jtdrj`ds b trjsdrbs cldntrjs d` lnstrucdntb dstj dnednilib, pudid
ejusjr ijúbs j j`munjs pjrtds id`lejijs id` lnstrucdntb.
8
Ebntdnlib
Ebcb usjr dstd cjnuj`.............................................................................1
Uãcab`bs usjibs dn dstd lnstrucdntb ....................................................9
Jivdrtdneljs d Lnilejelbnds id Udmurliji.............................................4
Ejpãtu`b :. [rdsdntjelõn id` Lnstrucdntb..............................................:;
:.: [rdsdntjelõn id` [rbiuetb.......
[rbiuetb.............. ...............
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:.:.: Nbcard id` [rbiuetb6 Jnj`lzjibr Gdcjtb`õmleb ................................................
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:.:.1 Cbid`b6 QY-=8;;s....................................................................................................................:;
:.:.5 Ãtdc id prudaj6........................................................................................................................:;
:.1 [jrêcdtrbs Yìenlebs id` [rbiuetb........
[rbiuetb...............................
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:.1.:. Idserlpelõn id `bs prlnelplbs id` slstdcj ..............................................................................::
:.1.1. Cdilelõn id ]AE/GM
]AE/GMA A .......
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:.1.5. Cdilelõn id QAE/[@Y ............................................................................................................:=
:.5 Ebcpbslelõn y dstrueturj id` lnstrucdntb. .............. ......................
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:.5.: Xlstj Hrbntj`.............................................................................................................................15
:.5.1 Xlstj [bstdrlbr..........................................................................................................................19
Ejpãtu`b 1. Lnstj`jelõn ............................................................................14
1.: Idsdcaj`jfd id` Lnstrucdntb ........ ...............
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1.1 Dntbrnb id `j Lnstj`jelõn ........ ................
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1.5 Qdqulsltbs id [btdnelj......
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1.9 Qdjetlvb.......................................................................................................................................18
1.9.: Ebndxlbnds id` rdjetlvb gdcb`ãtleb (@\UD) (@\UD) y `j sb`uelõn id dnfujmud (E@DJNUDQ) ....... ..........18
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1.9.1 Ebndxlõn id` ilsb`vdntd (IL@TDNY) ........................
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1.9.5 Ebndxlõn pjrj `bs idsdegbs ..................................................................................................18
1.4 Ebndxlõn id` tde`jib y id` cbusd ........ ................
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1.8 Ebndxlõn id `j lcprdsbrj dxtdrnj.......
dxtdrnj...............
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5.9.9 Cdnsjf
Cdnsjfdd lnilejibr id` glstbmrjcj............
glstbmrjcj.......................................
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5.9.4 Jfustd id` Glstbmrjcj .........................
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5.9.8 Lcprdslõn .........................
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Ejpãtu`b 9. Ebntrb` id Ej`liji _ZES.......................................................58
9.: ZE ‐@-F–......
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9.:.: Ebnhlmurjelõn id ZE ‐@-F– .......................
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9.:.1 Dfdeuelõn id` ZE ‐@-F– ..........................
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9.:.9 Eujirb id mrêhlebs id ZE id` ‐@-F– .........................
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9.1 ZE ‐W-A– .....................................................................................................................................9;
9.1.: Ebnhlmurjelõn id` ZE ‐W-A– ........................
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9.1.5 Mrêhlebs
Mrêh lebs id ZE ‐W-A–...............
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9.5 ZE ‐W-Q– .....................................................................................................................................91
9.5.: Ebnhlmurjelõn id ZE ‐W-Q– .........................
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9.5.1 Dfdeutjr d` ZE ‐W-Q– ..........................
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9.5.5 @lstj id ZE ‐W-Q–.....
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9.5.9 Mrêhlebs id ZE ‐W-Q– ..........................
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Ejpãtu`b 4. Ej`larjelõn...........................................................................9=
4.: [rdpjrjelõn jntds id `j ej`larjelõn ....... ...............
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4.1 Ej`larjelõn Cjnuj` ....................................................................................................................97
4.5 Jutb-ej`larjelõn.....
Jutb-ej`larjelõn.............
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7
<
:;
• D` cì
cìtbi
tbibb id `j lc
lcpdi
pdijnel
jneljj ppjrj
jrj idtd
idtdrcln
rclnjr
jr `b
`bss ij
ijtbs
tbs ]AE, QAE y [@
[@Y
Y.
• D` c
cìt
ìtbi
bibb eb
eb`b
`brl
rlcì
cìtr
trle
lebb pj
pjrj
rj iidt
dtdr
drcl
clnj
njrr GM
GMA.
A.
Jsplrjelõn
Dstd jnj`lzjibr pudid prbedsjr ibs tlpbs id cudstrjs sjnmuãndjs6 cudstrjs id sjnmrd
ebcp`dtj y cudstrjs id sjnmrd prdil`ulij.
Ul vj j jnj`lzjr unj cudstrj id sjnmrd ebcp`dtj, pudid eb`bejr sõ`b `j cudstrj dn `j sbnij
id cudstrj y prdslbnjr `j tde`j id jsplrjelõn pjrj jsplrjr <.7 ´` id `j cudstrj dn d`
jnj`lzjibr.
Ul vj j jnj`lzjr unj cudstrj id sjnmrd ejpl`jr, idad il`ulr prlcdrb cjnuj`cdntd `j cudstrj
(1; ´` id sjnmrd ejpl`jr idadn il`ulrsd dn ;,= c` id il`uydntd) y, j ebntlnujelõn, eb`bqud `j
cudstrj prdil`ulij dn `j sbnij id cudstrj y prdslbnd `j tde`j id jsplrjelõn pjrj jsplrjr ;,5
c` id `j cudstrj dn d` jnj`lzjibr.
Il`uelõn
Dn `js cudstrjs sjnmuãndjs, `js eì`u`js sud`dn dstjr idcjsljib pdmjijs unjs j btrjs, pbr
`b qud ds ebcp`lejib lidntlhlejr`js b ebntjr`js. [br dstd cbtlvb, d` il`uydntd sd utl`lzj pjrj
sdpjrjr `js eì`u`js, id cbib qud sd ilaufdn j trjvìs id `j jadrturj unj j unj, jsã ebcb pjrj
erdjr un dntbrnb id ebniuetlvliji pjrj d` rdeudntb id eì`u`js. Jidcês, `bs m`õau`bs rbfbs
nbrcj`cdntd supdrjn dn :.;;; j `bs `duebeltbs. [br dstd cbtlvb, sd idad jújilr `lsjntd j `j
cudstrj pjrj d`lclnjr `bs m`õau`bs rbfbs jntds id rdj`lzjr d` rdeudntb ]AE.
J` jnj`lzjr unj cudstrj id sjnmrd ebcp`dtj, dstd jnj`lzjibr jsplrj <.7´` id `j cudstrj y
slmud d` prbedilcldntb qud jpjrded dn `j Hlm. :-: pjrj il`ulr`j jntds id ebntlnujr ebn d`
jnê`lsls rdj`.
::
J` jnj`lzjr unj cudstrj prdil`ulij, prlcdrb idad rdebmdr 1; ´` id cudstrj ejpl`jr y jiclnlstrjr ;.=
c` id il`uydntd id dstd jnj`lzjibr pjrj prdil`ulr`b. J ebntlnujelõn, d` jnj`lzjibr jsplrj ;.5 c` id `j
cudstrj prdil`ulij pjrj unj pbstdrlbr ilsb`uelõn, tj` ebcb jpjrded dn `j Hlm. :-1.
:1
Cdilelõn vb`ucìtrlej
Nb sd pudid batdndr un rdeudntb ed`u`jr prdelsb, j cdnbs qud sd ebnbzej d` vb`ucdn dxjetb id
cudstrj il`ulij qud pjsj j trjvìs id `j jadrturj iurjntd `j pbrelõn id rdeudntb id` ele`b id jnê`lsls
(d` ele`b id rdeudntb). Dstd jnj`lzjibr utl`lzj unj unliji id cdilij vb`ucìtrlej pjrj ebntrb`jr d`
ele`b id rdeudntb y jsdmurjr qud sd gj jnj`lzjib unj cudstrj id vb`ucdn dxjetb.
@j unliji id cdilij qud ebntrb`j d` ele`b id ]AE sd ebcpbnd id un tuab id cdilelõn ebn ibs
sdnsbrds õptlebs eb`bejibs dn ì`. Dstd tuab mjrjntlzj `j cdilelõn id unj ejntliji prdelsj id
cudstrj il`ulij iurjntd ejij unb id `bs ele`bs id rdeudntb. @j ilstjnelj dntrd `bs ibs sdnsbrds
õptlebs idtdrclnj `j ejntliji dxjetj. D` idtdrmdntd sd utl`lzj pjrj erdjr un cdnlseb dn d` tuab id
cdilelõn. D` ele`b id rdeudntb ebcldnzj eujni eujnibb d` cdnlseb j`ejnzj d` sdnsbr supdrlbr y sd idtldnd
eujnib
eujn ib j`ejnz
j`ejnzjj d` sdnsbr lnhd
lnhdrlbr
rlbr.. @j ejn
ejntlij
tlijii id tldc
tldcpb
pb ndeds
ndedsjrlj
jrlj pjrj qud d` cdnlse
cdnlsebb sd
idsp`jed idsid d` sdnsbr supdrlbr j` sdnsbr lnhdrlbr sd idnbclnj Yldcpb Yldcpb id rdeudntb id ]AE y sd
clid dn sdmunibs. J` hlnj` id` ele`b id rdeudntb, d` tldcpb id rdeudntb id `j cdilelõn sd ebcpjrj
ebn d` tldcpb id rdeudnt
rdeudntbb id rdhdrdne
rdhdrdnelj lj prdidhlnlib, sl d` jntdrlbr ds cdnbr b cjybr qud ìstd ö`tlcb
dn 5 b cês sdmunibs
sdmunibs,, d` jnj`lzjibr lnhbrcjrê id `j dxlstdnelj id unj auraufj ]AE b id un drrbr id
bastrueelõn ]AE.
:5
Cdilelõn id ]AE
@bs vj`brds id ]AE sd rdeudntjn y sd clidn pbr d` cìtbib id lcpdijnelj. Dstd cìtbib sd ajsj
dn `j cdilelõn id ejcalbs qud prbvbej unj pjrtãeu`j dn `j rdslstdnelj d`ìetrlej? `j pjrtãeu`j, dn dstd
ejsb, ds unj eì`u`j sjnmuãndj qud sd dneudntrj dn suspdnslõn dn un il`uydntd ebniuetbr qud pjsj
j trjvìs id unj jadrturj id ilcdnslbnds ebnbelijs. Ud sucdrmd un d`detrbib dn d` `ãqulib j jcabs
`jibs id `j jadrturj pjrj erdjr un ejcpb d`ìetrleb. Eujnib `js pjrtãeu`js pjsjn j trjvìs id `j
jadrturj, sd prbiued un ejcalb trjnsltbrlb dn `j rdslstdnelj dxlstdntd dntrd `bs d`detrbibs. Dstd
ejcalb ij `umjr j un lcpu`sb d`ìetrleb cdnsurja`d. D` nöcdrb id lcpu`sbs mdndrjibs lnilej d`
nöcdrb id pjrtãeu`js qud pjsjn j trjvìs id `j jadrturj. @j jcp`ltui id ejij unb id `bs lcpu`sbs ds
prbpbrelbnj`
prbpbrelbn j` j` vb`ucdn id ejij unj id ``js
js pjrtãeu`js. D` lcpu`sb sd jcp`lhlej y sd ebcpjrj ebn `bs
ejnj`ds
ejnj `ds lntd
lntdrnb
rnbss id tdn
tdnslõn
slõn id rdhd
rdhdrdn
rdnelj,
elj, qud önlejc
önlejcdntd
dntd jedpt
jedptjj lcpu
lcpu`sbs
`sbs id unj jcp`ltui
idtdrclnjij. Ul d` lcpu`sb mdndrjib ds supdrlbr j` ucarj` id ]AE, sd rdj`lzj un rdeudntb ebcb
]AE.
Cdilelõn id GMA
GMA vldnd idtdrclnjib pbr d` cìtbib eb`brlcìtrleb. @j ilsb`uelõn id ]AE/GMA sd jiclnlstrj j`
ajúb ]AE ibnid sd cdze`j ebn auraufjs y ebn unj idtdrclnjij ejntliji id `lsjntd, qud ebnvldrtd
j `j gdcbm`balnj dn un ebcp`dfb id gdcbm`balnj qud sd clid dn 414nc. Ud eb`bej un @DI dn un
`jtdrj` id` ajúb y dcltd un rjyb id `uz, qud jtrjvldsj `j cudstrj y un hl`trb id 414nc? j ebntlnujelõn,
sd clid pbr un hbtbsdnsbr qud sd eb`bej dn d` `jtdrj` bpudstb. @j sdúj` sd jcp`lhlej y `j tdnslõn sd
clid y sd ebcpjrj ebn `j `deturj id rdhdrdnelj dn a`jneb (`deturjs rdebmlijs eujnib sõ`b gjy
il`uydntd dn d` ajúb). D` GMA sd ej`eu`j ebn `j slmuldntd deujelõn y sd dxprdsj dn m/@ (m/i`).
:9
]AE
]AE (:;< / @) ds d`
d` nöcdrb iidd `duebeltb
`duebeltbss qud sd c
clidn
lidn ilrdet
ilrdetjcdntd
jcdntd j trjvìs id
id`` rdeudntb id
m`õau`bs a`jnebs qud pjsjn j trjvìs id `j jadrturj.
Ilhdrdnelj` id ]AE
Ebn jyuij id` il`uydntd y id` `lsjntd, dstd jnj`lzjibr pudid cdilr d` tjcjúb id `bs m`õau`bs
a`jnebs dn trds suaejtdmbrãjs6 `lnhbeltbs, eì`u`js id tjcjúb cdilb (dntrd `js qud sd lne`uydn `bs
cbnbeltbs, ajsõhl`bs y dbslnõhl`bs) y mrjnu`beltbs. Ajsênibsd dn d` glstbmrjcj id ]AE, dstd
jnj`lzjibr ej`eu`j @ycpg $ , Cli $ y Mrjn $ id `j slmuldntd hbrcj, y dxprdsj `bs rdsu`tjibs dn
pbredntjfds6
Ibnid6
[@ 3 pjrtãeu`js id `j rdmlõn id `lnhbeltb (:;</@)
[C 3 pjrtãeu`js id `j rdmlõn id tjcjúb cdilb (:;</@)
[M 3 pjrtãeu`js id `j rdmlõn id mrjnu`beltb (:;</@)
Tnj vdz ebnsdmulibs `bs trds pjrêcdtrbs jntdrlbrds, d` jnj`lzjibr ebntlnöj ej`eu`jnib
@ycpg# , Cli# y Mrjn# ebn `js slmuldntds deujelbnds y `bs dxprdsj dn (:;< /@)
:4
Glstbmrjcj id ]AE
Jidcês
Jidc ês id `bs pjr
pjrêcdt
êcdtrbs
rbs cdne
cdnelbn
lbnjib
jibss jntd
jntdrlbrc
rlbrcdntd
dntd,, dstd jnj
jnj`lzji
`lzjibr
br tjca
tjcalìn
lìn prd
prdsdnt
sdntjj un
glstbmrjcj id ]AE, euyj ebbridnjij x rdprdsdntj d` vb`ucdn ed`u`jr ' h@ , y `j ebbridnjij y
rdprdsdntj d` nöcdrb id eì`u`js. D` glstbmrjcj jpjrded dn d` êrdj id jnê`lsls id `j pjntj``j
‐Qdeudntb– eujnib sd dhdetöj d` jnê`lsls. Yjcalìn sd pudidn rdvlsjr `bs glstbmrjcjs id `bs
rdsu`tjibs j`cjednjibs id` pjeldntd.
:.1.5. Cdilelõn id QAE/[@
QAE/[@Y
Y
Cdilelõn vb`ucìtrlej
Nb sd pudid batdndr un rdeudntb id eì`u`js prdelsb, j cdnbs qud sd ebnbzej d` vb`ucdn
dxjetb id cudstrj il`ulij qud pjsj j trjvìs id `j jadrturj iurjntd d` ele`b id rdeudntb. Dstd
jnj`lzjibr utl`lzj unj unliji id cdilij vb`ucìtrlej pjrj ebntrb`jr d` ele`b id rdeudntb y pjrj
jsdmurjr qud sd gj jnj`lzjib un vb`ucdn dxjetb id cudstrj pjrj `j cdilelõn.
@j unliji id cdilij qud ebntrb`j d` ele`b id rdeudntb id QAE/[@Y sd ebcpbnd id un tuab id
cdilelõn ebn ibs sdnsbrds õptlebs eb`bejibs dn ì`. Dstd tuab mjrjntlzj `j cdilelõn id unj ejntliji
prdelsj id cudstrj il`ulij iurjntd ejij unb id `bs ele`bs id rdeudntb. @j ilstjnelj dntrd `bs ibs
sdnsbrds õptlebs idtdrclnj `j ejntliji dxjetj. D` idtdrmdntd sd utl`lzj pjrj erdjr un cdnlseb dn d`
tuab id cdilelõn. D` ele`b id rdeudntb ebcldnz
ebcldnzjj eujnib d` cdnlseb j`ejnzj d` sdnsbr supdrlbr y sd
idtldnd eujnib j`ejnzj d` sdnsbr lnhdrlbr. @j ejntliji id tldcpb ndedsjrlj pjrj qud d` cdnlseb sd
idsp`jed idsid d` sdnsbr supdrlbr j` sdnsbr lnhdrlbr sd idnbclnj Yldcpb id rdeudntb id QAE y sd
clid dn sdmunibs. J` hlnj` id` ele`b id rdeudntb, d` tldcpb id rdeudntb id `j cdilelõn sd ebcpjrj
ebn d` tldcpb id rdeudntb id rdhdrdnelj , sl d` jntdrlbr ds cdnbr b cjybr qud ìstd ö`tlcb dn 5 b cês
sdmunibs, d` jnj`lzjibr lnhbrcjrê id `j dxlstdnelj id unj auraufj id QAE b id un drrbr id
bastrueelõn id QAE.
:8
Cdilelõn id QAE/[@
QAE/[@YY
QAE/[@Y sd rdeudntjn y sd clidn pbr d` cìtbib id lcpdijnelj. Dstd cìtbib sd ajsj dn `j
cdilelõn id ejcalbs qud prbvbej unj pjrtãeu`j dn `j rdslstdnelj d`ìetrlej? `j pjrtãeu`j, dn dstd ejsb,
ds unj eì`u`j sjnmuãndj qud sd dneudntrj dn suspdnslõn dn un il`uydntd ebniuetbr qud pjsj j
trjvìs id unj jadrturj id ilcdnslbnds ebnbelijs. Ud sucdrmd un d`detrbib dn d` `ãqulib j jcabs
`jibs id `j jadrturj pjrj erdjr un ejcpb d`ìetrleb. Eujnib `js pjrtãeu`js pjsjn j trjvìs id `j
jadrturj, sd prbiued un ejcalb trjnsltbrlb dn `j rdslstdnelj dxlstdntd dntrd `bs d`detrbibs. Dstd
ejcalb ij `umjr j un lcpu`sb d`ìetrleb cdi
cdila`d.
la`d. D` nöcdrb id lcpu`sbs mdndrjibs
mdndrjibs lnilej d` nöcdrb
id pjrtãeu`js qud pjsjn j trjvìs id `j jadrturj. @j jcp`ltui id ejij unb id `bs lcpu`sbs ds
prbpbrelbnj`
prbpbrelbn j` j` vb`ucdn id ejij unj id ``js
js pjrtãeu`js. D` lcpu`sb sd jcp`lhlej y sd ebcpjrj ebn `bs
ejnj`ds
ejnj `ds lntd
lntdrnb
rnbss id tdn
tdnslõn
slõn id rdhd
rdhdrdn
rdnelj,
elj, qud önlejc
önlejcdntd
dntd jedpt
jedptjj lcpu
lcpu`sbs
`sbs id unj jcp`ltui
idtdrclnjij. Ul d` pu`sb mdndrjib sd dneudntrj pbr dnelcj id` ucarj` lnhdrlbr id QAE/[@Y, d`
rdeudntb sd rdj`lzj ebcb QAE/[@Y.
:=
QAE
QAE (:;:1 /@) ds d` nöcdrb
nöcdrb id drltrbeltbs qqud
ud sd clid
clidnn ilrdetj
ilrdetjcdntd
cdntd cdi
cdiljntd
ljntd d` rd
rdeudntb
eudntb
id drltrbeltbs qud pjsjn j trjvìs id `j jadrturj.
CEX
Ajsênibsd dn d` glstbmrjcj id QAE, dstd jnj`lzjibr ej`eu`j d` vb`ucdn ebrpuseu`jr cdilb (CEX) y
dxprdsj d` rdsu`tjib dn h@.
Dstd jnj`lzjibr ej`eu`j d` vj`br id GEY (%), CEG (pm) y CEGE (m/@) id `j slmuldntd hbrcj6
QI]-EX
Ajsênibsd dn d` glstbmrjcj id QAE, dstd jnj`lzjibr ej`eu`j d` EX (ebdhleldntd id vjrljelõn) id`
jnegb id ilstrlauelõn id drltrbeltbs.
:7
QI]-UI
QI]-UI (jnegb id ilstrlauelõn id QAE― idsvljelõn dstênijr, h@) sd idhlnd dn d` nlvd` id
hrdeudnelj 1;% ebn d` cêxlcb dn :;;%, tj` ebcb sd cudstrj dn `j mrjhlej slmuldntd6
Glstbmrjcj id QAE
Jidcês id `bs pjrêcdtrbs cdnelbnjibs ebn jntdrlbrliji, dstd jnj`lzjibr tjcalìn cudstrj un
glstbmrjcj id QAE euyj ebbridnjij W rdprdsdntj d` vb`ucdn ed`u`jr ' h@ , y euyj ebbridnjij \
rdprdsdntj d` nöcdrb id eì`u`js. D` glstbmrjcj jpjrded dn d` êrdj id jnê`lsls id `j pjntj``j
‐Qdeudntb– eujnib sd dhdetöj d` jnê`lsls. Yjcalìn sd pudidn rdvlsjr `bs glstbmrjcjs id `bs
rdsu`tjibs j`cjednjibs id` pjeldntd.
:<
[@Y
@j cdilelõn id @Y (:;</@) sd rdj`lzj ilrdetjcdntd j trjvìs id` rdeudntb id `bs trbcabeltbs qud
pjsjn pbr `j jadrturj.
C[X
Ajsênibsd dn d` glstbmrjcj id [@Y, dstd jnj`lzjibr ej`eu`j d` vb`ucdn cdilb id trbcabeltbs (C[X,
h@).
[I]
D` jnegb id ilstrlauelõn id trbcabeltbs ([I]) ds `j idsvljelõn dstênijr mdbcìtrlej (MUI) id `j
ilstrl
ilstrlau
auelõ
elõnn id tjcjú
tjcjúbb id trbcab
trbcabelt
eltbs.
bs. Ej
Ejij
ij rds
rdsu`t
u`tjib
jib id [I
[I]
] sd batld
batldnd
nd id `bs ijt
ijtbs
bs id`
id`
glstbmrjcj id trbcabeltbs y sd dxprdsj ebcb :; (MUI).
[EY
Dstd jnj`lzjibr ej`eu`j [EY id `j slmuldntd hbrcj, y `b dxprdsj dn $6
Glstbmrjcj id [@
[@YY
Jidcês id `bs pjrêcdtrbs cdnelbnjibs ebn jntdrlbrliji, dstd jnj`lzjibr tjcalìn cudstrj un
glstbmrjcj id [@Y euyj ebbridnjij W rdprdsdntj d` vb`ucdn ed`u`jr ' h@ , y euyj ebbridnjij \
rdprdsdntj d` nöcdrb id eì`u`js. D` glstbmrjcj jpjrded dn d` êrdj id jnê`lsls id `j pjntj``j
‐Qdeudntb– eujnib sd dhdetöj d` jnê`lsls. Yjcalìn sd pudidn rdvlsjr `bs glstbmrjcjs id `bs
rdsu`tjibs j`cjednjibs id` pjeldntd.
1;
Yja`j :-1 [jrêcdtrb id` eujirb gdcêtleb jutbcjtlzjib -Lcpdijnelj - Eb`brlcdtrãj QY-=8;;s
1:
: 9
4 =
Yde`j pjrj jsplrjelõn6 Iurjntd d` jnê`lsls id cudstrjs, j` prdslbnjr dstj tde`j, d` lnstrucdntb
jsplrjrê `j cudstrj.
Yjpj id `j lcprdsbrj6 Euard `j lcprdsbrj lnebrpbrjij qud suclnlstrj d` jnê`lsls
Lcprdsb.
Jmufj id cudstrdb6 Ttl`led `j jmufj id cudstrdb pjrj jsplrjr `j cudstrj y idpbsltjr`js dn `j
ed`ij id ebntjr.
Yde`j pjrj jsplrjelõn6 Iurjntd d` jnê`lsls id cudstrjs, j` prdslbnjr dstj tde`j, d` lnstrucdntb
11
9
:
4
<
:; :: :1
: Uulegd id `j tjpj pbstdrlbr6 Mlrd dstd tde`j, jarj `j tjpj pbstdrlbr pjrj rddcp`jzjr d` rdjetlvb y
gjedr cjntdnlcldntb j` lnstrucdntb.
1 Lntdrhjsd id` cbusd6 Lntdrhjsd id` cbusd [U/1
5 Lntdrhjsd id` tde`jib6 Lntdrhjsd id` tde`jib [U/16
9 [udrtb TUA
4 [udrtb TUA
8 [udrtb Udrlj` QU-1516 [jrj ebndetjrsd j ilspbsltlvbs id rdedpelõn id ijtbs
= Lntdrhjsd id rdids
7 Lntdrhjsd id `j [btdnelj6 Ebndetd d` lnstrucdntb j `j hudntd id pbtdnelj.
< Uulegd id [btdnelj6 Uulegd id pbtdnelj id` lnstrucdntb
:; Brlhlelb j tldrrj6 Ud utl`lzj pjrj jtdrrlzjr d` lnstrucdntb
:: [udrtb id idsgdegbs
:1 [udrtb id` ilsb`vdntd (IL@TDNY)
15
Ejpãtu`b 1. Lnstj`jelõn
Nbtj6
Nbtj6 Dnt
Dntbrn
brnb
b ib
ibnid
nid hu
hunel
nelbnj
bnj d` lnst
lnstruc
rucdntb
dntb6
6
Ydcpdrjturjs
Ydcpdrjturjs dntrd `bs :
:4¶
4¶ E ~
~54¶
E, gucdiji rd`jtlvj dntrd :;% ~
~<;%.
19
Jivdr
Jivdrtd
tdnel
nelj6
j6 (:
(:)) @j hudn
hudntd
td id eb
ebrrrrld
ldnt
ntd
d j`td
j`tdrn
rnjj ida
idadd dst
dstjr
jr ald
aldnn eb
ebnd
ndet
etji
jij j j
tldrrj
(1) @j pb
pbttdn
dnel
elj
j ida
dadd sdr dsdsttja
ja``d, y nb sd ididad
ad eb
ebcp
cpjrjrtl
tlrr eb
ebn
n
btrbs
btrbs jrt
jrtdhj
dhjetb
etbss b ils
ilspbs
pbsltl
ltlvbs.
vbs. Tn sucsuclnl
lnlstr
strb
b id pbt
pbtdnel
dnelj
j
rdetlhlejij ds d` cês rdebcdnijib.
(5
(5)) Jp
Jpjm
jmud
ud lnc
lncdi
dilj
ljtj
tjcd
cdnt
ntd
d d` lnslnstr
truc
ucdndntb
tb y ididse
sebn
bnìe
ìetd
td`b`b sl
idtdetj gucb, b j`mön b`br b rulib dxtrjúb.
(9
(9)) Eu
Eujn
jnib
ib ebebnd
ndet
etdd b ididse
sebn
bnde
detdtd `j `ã
`ãnd
ndj
j id pbpbtd
tdne
nelj
lj gê
gêmj mj`b
`b
jmjrrjnib d` ebndetbr dn sã y nb gj`jnib idsid d` ebriõn.
1.9 Qdjetlvb
D` lns
lnstru
trucdn
cdntb
tb ndeds
ndedsltj
ltj utl`lz
utl`lzjr
jr un jmdnt
jmdntdd gdcb`
gdcb`ãtl
ãtleb
eb (@
(@\UD
\UD)) , unj
unj sb`
sb`uel
uelõn
õn id dnfuj
dnfujmu
mudd
(E@DJNUDQ)) , un ilsb`vdntd (IL@TD
(E@DJNUDQ (IL@TDNY)
NY) pjrj cdilr y pjrj gjedr cjntdnlcldntb
cjntdnlcldntb.. [jrj mjrjntlzjr `j
prdelslõn id `bs rdsu`tjibs id `js prudajs, sãrvjsd utl`lzjr d` rdjetlvb qud sd idspjegõ ebn d`
lnstrucdntb.
14
Ejpãtu`b 5.
5. [rudaj id `j cudstrj
cudstrj
5.1 Lnlelb
J` dnednidr d` jnj`lzjibr QY-=8;;s `j `uz pl`btb sd dneldnid, d` slstdcj dcpldzj j rdj`lzjr un
rdvlslõn
Qdj`lzj `jidprudaj
`js ebnilelbnds
id a`jnebs id `bssdebcpbndntds,
ebcb cudstrj dn `j yslmuldntd
trjnshldrd `bs pjrêcdtrbs qud sd ndedsltjn.
l`ustrjelõn.
@bs rjnmbs id jedptjelõn id `js prudajs id a`jnebs sbn ebcb sd cudstrj j ebntlnujelõn6
[jrêcdtrb
Qjnmb id Qdhdrdnelj
]AE ≩ ;.1 Ý :;< / @
QAE ≩ ;.;1 Ý :;:1 / @
GMA ≩ : m / @
GEY ≩ ;.4 %
[@Y
[@Y ≩ :; Ý :; < / @
Ul d` rdsu`tjib id `j prudaj id `bs a`jnebs dxedid dstbs rjnmbs, d` bpdrjibr tldnd qud rdpdtlr `bs
pjsbs jntdrlbrds gjstj qud d` rdsu`tjib sdj jedptja`d. Ul idspuìs id 4 ebrrlijs d` rdsu`tjib id `j
prudaj nb rdönd `js dspdelhlejelbnds, rdvlsd d` rdjetlvb y `js tuadrãjs, y pbr hjvbr utl`led `js
hunelbnd
hunelbnds6
s6 Qdc
Qdcbvdr
bvdr Bast
Bastruee
rueelõn
lõn (‐Qd
(‐Qdcbvd
cbvd A`be
A`beojmd
ojmd–),
–), H`uf
H`ufbb Lnvd
Lnvdrsb
rsb (‐Aj
(‐Ajeo
eo H`us
H`usg–),
g–), @lcp
@lcpldzj
ldzj
(‐E`djnlnm–)
(‐E`djnlnm –) y @lcpldzj ebn @lcpljibr Ebnedntrjib (‐Ebnedntr
(‐Ebnedntrjtd
jtd E`djnds Ubjolnm–) id` cbiu`b id
Cjntdnlcldntb (‐Udrvled–) pjrj d`lclnjr brlhlelbs a`bqudjibs.
Gjmj
Gjmj ee`le
`le ddnn ‐ – pj
pjrj
rj jjar
arlr
lr dd`` td
tde`
e`ji
jibb têe
têetltl`` tj
tj`` eb
ebcb
cb ssdd cu
cuds
dstr
trjj j eebn
bntltlnu
nuje
jelõ
lõn.
n.
Eujnib sd utl`lzj d` tde`jib têetl`, d` eursbr tldnd qud cbvdrsd idntrb id `j ejsl``j id dntrjij y
idspuìs gjedr
gjedr e`le pjrj lnsdrtjr
lnsdrtjr.. @j tde`j ‐Ejps– ds pjrj ebncutjr
ebncutjr dntrd cjyöseu
cjyöseu`js
`js y clnöseu`js?
[u`sd `j tde`j ‐DUE– pjrj edrrjr d` tde`jib têetl`.
têetl`. @bs tde`jibs têetl`ds
têetl`ds dn btrbs cjrebs sd utl`lzjn id
lmuj` cjndrj.
Gjmj e`le dn `j tde`j ‐BO– y d` slstdcj sd jetuj`lzjrê b mujrijrê `bs ijtbs id `js cudstrjs. Gjmj e`le
dn `j tde`j ‐Ejned`– y rdmrdsjrê j `j pjntj``j id prudaj id cudstrjs.
5;
Ul d` cbi
cbibb sjnsjnmrd
mrd pdrlh
pdrlhìrl
ìrlej
ej prd il`
il`uli
ulijj dst
dstjj sd`
sd`dee
deelbn
lbnji
jib,
b, pr
prlcd
lcdrb
rb jilelb
jilelbnd
nd 1;´`
1;´` id sjnmr
sjnmrdd
pdrlhìrlejj j` tuab id iil`uelõn.
pdrlhìrle l`uelõn. @udmb prdslbnd d` abtõn Il`udntd (‐Il`udnt–), unj vdntjnj id cdnsjfd
ebcb `j slmuldntd jpjrdedrê6
Ul `j bpelõn Lcprdslõn dn tldcpb rdj` (‐[rlnt lnstjnt`y–) dstê sd`deelbnjij, d` lnstrucdntb lcprlclrê
`bs rdsu`tjibs id` jnê`lsls jutbcêtlejcdntd idspuìs id qud tdrclnd `j prudaj.
Ul `j bpe
bpelõn
lõn Yrjnsc
Yrjnsclslõn
lslõn lnst
lnstjntê
jntêndj
ndj (‐Y
(‐Yrjn
rjnsclt
sclt lnst
lnstjnt`y
jnt`y–)
–) dstê sd`d
sd`deelbn
eelbnjij
jij,, d` lnst
lnstrucd
rucdntb
ntb
trjnscltlrê `bs rdsu`tjibs id` jnê`lsls jutbcêtlejcdntd j` ebcputjibr pbr d` pudrtb sdrlj` QU-151
idspuìs id qud tdrclnd `j prudaj.
Ul d` rdsu`tjib id `j prudaj dxedid d` rjnmb id sj`lij id` slstdcj, d` rdsu`tjib id` pjrêcdtrb sd
cbstrjrê jsã "-----", dntbneds vdrlhlqud `j vj`lidz id `j cudstrj id `j prudaj.
Nbtj
Nbtj66 (:)
(:) Ul `j cuds
cudstr
trj
j sj`
sj`pl
plej
ej hudr
hudrj
j id`
id` tuab
tuab id
id `j
`j cud
cudst
strj
rj,, sãr
sãrvj
vjsd
sd tbcj
tbcjrr `js
`js
cdilijs id prbtdeelõn ndedsjrljs j` rdj`lzjr `j `lcpldzj. Nunej tbqud `j
cudstrj ilrdetjcdntd.
(1))
(1 Qd
Qdvl
vlsd
sd pdrlõil
pdrlõilejc
ejcdnt
dntd
d `j ejntl
ejntliji
iji id rdjetl
rdjetlvb
vb qud qudij,
qudij, y sl d` tu
tuab
ab id
jsplrjelõn idfj id jsplrjr rddcp`jed d` rdjetlvb.
(5) D` cbv
cbvlcl
lcldnt
dntb
b id `j jmufj
jmufj id cudstrdb
cudstrdb pudid
pudid ejusjr
ejusjr gdrlij
gdrlijs
s hãslejs
hãslejs,, pbr `b
tjntb tdnmj eulijib iurjntd `j jsplrjelõn.
51
D` ebntrb` id ej`liji rdh`dfj `j dxjetltui y rdpdtlelõn id` slstdcj. @bs prbmrjcjs id ebntrb` id
ej`liji id `bs lnstrucdntbs ilspbnla`ds suclnlstrjn unj hbrcj ebnhlja`d y dhleldntd id rdvlsjr y
prdvdnlr pbsla`ds drrbrds id` slstdcj. Ul gjy un drrbr dn d` slstdcj, d` rdsu`tjib id` jnê`lsls sdrê
pbeb ebnhlja`d. [jrj cjntdndr
cjntdndr `bs rdsu`tji
rdsu`tjibs
bs id `bs jnê`lsls dxjetbs, idseuarj y d`lclnd `bs drrbrds
id` slstdcj id cdilelõn id` lnstrucdntb j tldcpb. Ud rdebcldnij rdj`lzjr rdmu`jrcdntd d` ebntrb` id
ej`liji j` lnstrucdntb.
[jrj d` jnj`lzjibr QY-=8;;s
QY-=8;;s sd suclnlstrjn trds cìtbibs id ebntrb` id Ej`liji6 d` ZE ‐@-F–, d` ZE,
d` ZE ‐W-A–, y d` ZE ‐W-Q–.
9.: ZE ‐@-F–
Dn `j pjntj``j prlnelpj`, gjmj e`le dn `j tde`j ‐ZE– y dsebfj 1; jreglvbs id ZE id` ‐@-F–. D` slstdcj
pudid ebntrb`jr 1; jreglvbs ebn tbibs `bs pjrêcdtrbs j` clscb tldcpb. D` ZE id` –@-F– utl`lzj `js
cudstrjs id ZE pjrj gjedr d` jnê`lsls id ZE.
Mujrijr (‐Ujvd–)6
(‐Ujvd–)6 Ud`deelbnd d` jreglvb id ZZE.
E. Lnmrdsd d` Nb. id `bt
`btd,
d, d` pdrlbib id
vj`lidz, d` vj`br id rdhdrdnelj id` pjrêcdtrb y id idsvljelõn. Gjmj e`le dn `j tde`j ‐Ujvd–.
Mujrid `bs ijtbs id ZE id` jreglvb id ZE jetuj` y sl gjy ijtbs dn dstd jreglvb dstbs sd
jetuj`lzjrên.
Erltdrlb (‐Qu`ds–)6 Ud`deelbnd d` erltdrlb id ZE pjrj dstd jreglvb. Ud pudid sd`deelbnjr
unb b cês. D` slstdcj gjrê `j idtdrclnjelõn id ebntrb` y ilspjrê unj j`jrcj dn `j prudaj id
ZE id jeudrib j ilegbs erltdrlbs. D` cjreb id erltdrlb id ZE sd cudstrj j ebntlnujelõn6
54
Ud`deelbnd `bs ijtbs qud sd vjn j dnvljr y gjmj e`le dn ‐Dnvljr– (‐Udni–)
Gjmj e`le dn `j tde`j ‐Id`dtd– y idspuìs d`lclnd d` eujirb id ilj`bmb dcdrmdntd id ebnhlrcjelõn.
5=
Ejij pjntj``j
pjntj``j cudstrj eujtrb pjrêc
pjrêcdtrbs
dtrbs id` eujirb id mrêh
mrêhlebs
lebs id ZE y sus Cdjn (d` prbcdilb
prbcdilb),
),
Ilhh (@j idsvljelõn dstênijr), EX (d` ebdhleldntd id vjrljelõn) id ejij pjrêcdtrb.
@bs trds vj`brds dn `j lzquldrij id` eujirb id mrêhlebs id ZE dstên dn bridn idsednidntd6 D` vj`br
id rdhdrdnelj id `j cudstrj id ZE + `j idsvljelõn, d` vj`br id rdhdrdnelj id `j cudstrj id ZE, d`
vj`br id rdhdrdnelj id `j cudstrj id ZE ― `j idsvljelõn, rdspdetlvjcdntd.
Gjmj e`le dn `js tde`js ‐↕–, ‐↚– dn d` tde`jib b dn d` cjreb pjrj ebncutjr dntrd `bs ãtdc.
Gjmj e`le dn `js tdtde`js
e`js ‐↛–, ‐ ↑– dn d` tde`jib b dn d` cjreb y sd pudidn vdr `bs ijtbs id ZE id
vjrlbs Nöcdrbs id ebnsdeutlvb.
Gjmj e`le dn `j tde`j ‐Lcprlclr– (‐[rlnt–) pjrj lcprlclr un mrupb jetuj` id ijtbs id ZE.
57
vj`brds
ijtbs idid`j`bs pjrêcdtrbs
cudstrj idspuìsid rdhdrdnelj ds `j
id rdj`lzjij d` prudaj
prbcdilb
dn id`
dsjrdsu`tjib id` cudstrjs
rdmlõn. @js ej`eu`b dstjiãstleb
j`ejnzjrjnidunj
`bs
eldrtj ejntliji y `j ejntliji rdebcd
rdebcdnijij
nijij ds sbard :.;;;. Ud vdrlhlejrê qud `j hudntd id `j` j cudstrj
sdj j`djtbrlj. @bs vj`brds id rdhdrdnelj id `bs ijtbs id `js ilhdrdntds rdmlbnds vjrljrên. Ud
rdebcldnij qud `j bpelõn id idsvljelõn sdj id` 4% - :;%.
Mujrijr (‐Ujvd–)6 Mujrid `bs ijtbs id ebnhlmurjelõn id ZE.
[jrêcdtrbs (‐Ltdcs–)6 D` usujrlb pudid sd`deelbnjr d` ZE id tbibs `bs pjrêcdtrbs b
sd`deelbnjr d` ZE id j`munbs id `bs pjrêcdtrbs.
D`lclnjr (‐Id`dtd–)6 D`lclnj `bs ijtbs id ebnhlmurjelõn id ZE ‐W-A–
Yrjnshdrlr (‐Udni–)6 Ttl`led d` pudrtb dn sdrld QU-151 id` lnstrucdntb pjrj trjnshdrlr `bs
ijtbs id ebnhlmurjelõn id ZE ‐W-A– gjelj d` rdedptbr idslmnjib. Jntds id rdj`lzjr `j
dntrjij, utl`led d` eja`d id pudrtb dn sdrld QU-151 pjrj ebndetjr d` jnj`lzjibr QY-
=8;;s j` dqulpb qud vj j rdelalr `bs ijtbs. Lnleld y ebnhlmurd `bs pjrêcdtrbs id`
sbhtwjrd id` rdedptbr. [jrj ebnhlmurjr `bs pjrêcdtrbs id` lnstrucdntb id trjnshdrdnelj
sãrvjsd rdhdrlrsd j` Ejpltu`b =. "Ebnhlmurjelõn id` Ulstdcj" (‐Udttlnms–).
Jyuij (‐Gd`p–)6 Idsp`ldmj `js jyuijs id` slstdcj.
5<
9.1.1 @lstj id ZE ‐W
‐W-A–
-A–
D` lnstrucdntb pudid mujrijr ebcb cêxlcb 1.;;; ijtbs id ZE ‐W-A–. Jarj `j `lstj id ZE ‐W-A–
ebcb sd cudstrj j ebntlnujelõn6
D` `ãcltd supdrlbr id `js eb`ucnjs id ijtbs id ZE id `j `lstj id ZE ‐W-A– qud sd cudstrjn j `j vdz
ds id 1;;. Ul `bs ijtbs sb
sbnn cês id 1;
1;;; eb`ucnjs, dstjs sd pud
pudidn
idn vdr eb
ebncutjnib
ncutjnib dntrd ‐ –
y ‐ –.
@j hunelõn id trjnshdrdnelj (‐Udni–) pudid trjnshdrlr pjrtd b tbibs `bs ijtbs id ZE ‐W-A– j un
dqulpb dxtdrnb. D` cìtbib id bpdrjelõn ds lmuj` j` id trjnshdrdnelj id ijtbs dn `j sdeelõn 9.:.5
Ejij pjntj``j cudstrj eujtrb pjrêcdtrbs id` eujirb id mrêhlebs ZE. @bs trds vj`brds dn `j lzquldrij
id` eujirb id mrêhlebs id ZE dstên id jrrlaj gjelj jajfb6 D` vj`br id rdhdrdnelj + idsvljelõn, d`
vj`br id rdhdrdnelj, d` vj`br id rdhdrdnelj ― `j idsvljelõn.
Gjmj e`le dn `js tde`js ‐↕–, ‐↚– dn d` tde`jib b dn d` cjreb pjrj ebncutjr dntrd `bs pjrêcdtrbs.
Gjmj e`le dn `js tde`js ‐↛–, ‐↑– dn d` tde`jib b dn d` cjreb pjrj idsp`dmjr `bs ijtbs id ZE id
vjrlbs nöcdrbs ebnsdeutlv
ebnsdeutlvbs.
bs.
Gjmj e`le dn `j tde`j ‐Lcprlclr– (‐[rlnt–) pjrj lcprlclr un mrupb jetuj` id ijtbs id ZE.
9.5 ZE ‐W-Q–
D` ZE ‐W-Q–
lniustrlj y dsbunj
rjnmb cdilbdhdetlvj
cjndrj id ZE,id dsidtdrclnjr
d` cìtbib id ebntrb``jid
y prdvdr ej`liji ebcöncdntd
h`uetujelõn jnbrcj` id `jutl`lzjib
ej`lijidn `j
y sd
ebcp`dcdntj ebn d` ZE ‐@-F–. D` ‐W-Q– utl`lzj cudstrjs id ZE pjrj d` jnê`lsls id ZE.
[rlcbrilj`cdntd,
[rlcbrilj`cdnt d, d` ZE ‐W-Q– utl`lzj d` eujirb id mrêhlebs ebcb ebntrb` pjrj rdh`dfjr `j dstjal`liji id
`bs ijtbs id ZE. Dstd ds un eujirb id mrêhlebs id ZE ebcalnjib.
prudaj pudid
`j prudaj. sdr lndxjetb.
D`lclnd Ud pudid jntds
`j hj``j rd`jelbnjij prdslbnjr `j tde`j`j‐Id`dtd–
id rdj`lzjr pjrj
slmuldntd d`lclnjr dstd rdsu`tjib id
prudaj.
5. Ej
Ejij
ij jregl
jreglvb
vb id ZE pudpudidid mujri
mujrijr
jr ebc
ebcbb c
cêx
êxlcb
lcb (mr
(mrupb
upb id nöcdr
nöcdrbs
bs prd
prdid
idtdr
tdrcln
clnji
jibs
bs dn `j
ebnhlmurjelõn
ebnhlmurj elõn id ZE pbr d` nöcdrb id c cudstrjs
udstrjs dn ejij mrupb) id `bs rdsu`tjibs id ZE. Gjmj
e`le dn `j tde`j ‐Qdturn– pjrj rdmrdsjr j `j pjntj``j prlnelpj`.
9.5.5 @lstj id ZE ‐W
‐W-Q–
-Q–
D` lnstrucdntb pudid ausejr ijtbs id dfdeuelõn id ZE ‐W-Q– ZE pbr `lstjibs. Dn `j pjntj``j
prlnelpj`, sd`deelbnd d` jreglvb id ZE. Xjyj j `j `lstj id ZE, tj` ebcb sd cudstrj j ebntlnujelõn6
D` mrê
mrêhle
hlebb id
lnstrucdntb ZEajfb
dstd ‐W-
‐W-Q–
Q– pudi
pudid
ebntrb`, d puntbs
`bs vls
vlsuj
uj`cd
`cdnt
dnntd
d eujirb
d` rdh`df
rdh`dfjr
jr id
`j mrêhlebs
dstja
dstjal`li
l`liji
jiilstrlaulrên
sd id`
id` lns
lnstr
trucd
ucdnt
ntb.
b. Eu
Eujn
jnib
ib dn
j`djtbrljcdntd d`
jcabs `jibs id `j `ãndj edntrj`. Dn d` êrdj cês ilstjntd id` edntrb, cês j`djibb id `j `ãndj id
edntrb, cês edrejib j `bs `ãcltds supdrlbrds/lnhdrlbrds id ebntrb`, gjarên cdnbs puntbs @j pjntj``j
id mrêhlebs ds `j slmuldntd6
Ejij pjntj``j cudstrj ibs pjrêcdtrbs id `j ilstrlauelõn id `bs ijtbs id ZE. D` eujirb id mrêhlebs
id ZE id ejij pjrêcdtrb dstê ebcpudstb id un eujirb id mrêhlebs W y un eujirb id mrêhlebs Q qud
rdh`dfjn `bs ijtbs id ZE prbcdilb
prbcdilb y d` rjnmb id h`uetuj
h`uetujelõn
elõn rdspdetlvjc
rdspdetlvjcdntd.
dntd. @bs trds vj`brds j`
`jib lzquldrib id` eujirb id mrêhlebs id ZE id `j W dstên id jrrlaj gjelj jajfb6 W + J 1 Q , W , W -
J1 Q , rdsp
rdspdetl
detlvjcd
vjcdntd.
ntd. @bs trds vj`b
vj`brds
rds j` `ji
`jibb lzqu
lzquldri
ldribb id` eujirb id mrêh
mrêhlebs
lebs id Q dst
dstên
ên id
o
jrrlaj gjelj jajfb6 I 9
Q , Q , I Q , rdspdetlvjcdntd? eujnib ,
5 W 3 Υ W l /O, W l ds d` prbcdilb id`
l 3 :
o
mrupb l, Q 3 Υ l /O,
Q Ql ds `j ilhdrdnelj dntrd d` cêxlcb y d` cãnlcb id` mrupb l, O ds `j ejntliji id`
l 3 :
suamrupb. J1 , I , I5 sbn ebdhleldntds idtdrclnjibs pbr d` nucdrb id cudstrjs dn ejij mrupb.
9
Gjmj e`le dn `js tde`js ‐↕–, ‐↚– dn d` tde`jib b dn d` cjreb pjrj ebncutjr dntrd `bs pjrêcdtrbs.
Gjmj e`le dn `js tde`js ‐↛–, ‐↑– dn d` tde`jib b dn d` cjreb pjrj idsp`dmjr `bs ijtbs ZE id vjrlbs
99
Ejpãtu`b 4. Ej`larjelõn
Jntds id `j dntrdmj, tbibs `bs lnstrucdntbs gjn slib sbcdtlibs j prudajs rlmurbsjs y ej`larjelõn.
[drb iurjntd d` trjnspbrtd y d` usb, d` rdsu`tjib id `j prudaj pudid lrsd j `j idrlvj idalib j
cö`tlp`ds ejusjs. D` prbpõsltb id `j ej`larjelõn id` lnstrucdntb ds mjrjntlzjr `j dxjetltui id`
rdsu`tjib id `j prudaj.
[jrj mjrjntlzjr `j dxjetltui id `j prudaj id` lnstrucdntb y batdndr unbs rdsu`tjibs id prudajs
dstja`ds y ebnhlja`ds, d` lnstrucdntb sd idad ej`larjr dn `js slmuldntds elreunstjneljs.
:. Dn `j [ [rlcd
rlcdrjrj lns
lnstj`j
tj`jelõn
elõn ppjrj
jrj ssuu usb y sl sd rrdlnst
dlnstj`j
j`j ddnn btr
btrjj êrd
êrdj.
j.
1. Ul d` lns
lnstru
trucdn
cdntbtb gj sli
slibb rdp
rdpjrj
jrjibib..
5. Ul dd`` rd
rdsu
su`t`tji
jibb iidd ZE sd iidsdsvã
vãj.
j.
eurrdnt
R ej`larjtlbn R ebdhhleldnt Ý ej`larjtlbn R bafdet R rdhdrdned R vj`ud
ndw R ej`larjtlbn R ebdhhleldnt 3
Cdjn R bh R tdst R vj`uds
9. Dn `j pjnt
pjntj``
j``jj id Ej`la
Ej`larjrjelõ
elõnn Cj
Cjnunuj`,
j`, sd`d
sd`deel
eelbn
bndd d` tlpb id cucuds
dstrj
trj.. Lntrb
Lntrbiuz
iuzej
ej d` nudvb
nudvb
ebdhleldntd id ej`larjelõn dn `j ejfj id ilê`bmb d lntrbiuzej `j hdegj dn qud sd gjed `j
ej`larjelõn. Ul dfdeutj unj jutb-ej`larjelõn, dntbneds d` tldcpb id pjrêcdtrb id ej`larjelõn sd
jetuj`lzjrê jutbcêtlejcdntd j` cbcdntb dn qud sd glzb ilegj jutb-ej`larjelõn.
4. Gjm
Gjmjj e`le dn `j tde`j ‐Mu
‐Mujrij
jrijr–
r– (‐Ujvd
(‐Ujvd–)–) pjrj muj
mujrijr
rijr d` rdsu`t
rdsu`tjib
jib jetu
jetuj`
j` id `j ej`la
ej`larjel
rjelõn.
õn. Gjm
Gjmjj
e`le dn `j tde`j ‐Uj`lr– (‐Dxlt–) y d` slstdcj NB mujrijrê `bs ejcalbs y rdmrdsjrj ilrdetjcdntd j
`j pjntj``j prlnelpj`.
9=
Hlm.4-1 Jutb-ej`larj
Jutb-ej`larjelõn
elõn
[rlcdrb, sd idad ebnhlmurjr `bs vj`brds id `j cudstrj id ej`larjelõn. Gjmj e`le dn `j tde`j
‐Ebnhlmurjelõn– (‐Udttlnm–) `j euj` jard d` cjreb id jutb ebnhlmurjelõn, tj` ebcb sd cudstrj j
ebntlnujelõn6
Gjmj e`le dn `j tde`j ‐Abrrjr– (‐Id`dtd–) y `bs ijtbs id ebnhlmurjelõn id `j cudstrj id ej`larjelõn
jetuj` sd pudidn d`lclnjr. Gjmj e`le dn `j tde`j ‐BO– pjrj mujrijr `bs ijtbs id` nöcdrb id `btd
jetuj` y sj`lr. Gjmj e`le dn `j tde`j ‐Uj`lr– (‐Dxlt–), y d` slstdcj nb mujrijrê y rdmrdsjrê ilrdetjcd
ilrdetjcdntd
ntd
j `j pjntj``j id dfdeuelõn id `j Jutb-ej`larjelõn.
Idspuìs id `j ebnhlmurjelõn,
ebnhlmurjelõn, rdmrdsd j `j pjntj``j ebcb sd cudstrj dn `j Hlm. 4-1. d lnleld `j prudaj
id ej`larjelõn slmuldnib d` slmuldntd prbedsb6
:) Ydnmj
dnmj `j cuds
cudstrj
trj id ej`
ej`lar
larje
jelõn
lõn `lst
`lstj.
j. Gjm
Gjmjj e`le dn `j tde`j
tde`j id Js
Jsplr
plrje
jelõn
lõn pj
pjrj
rj lnle
lnleljr
ljr `j
prudaj.
1) Id Idspu
spuìs
ìs id `j prud
prudaj,
aj, d` rds
rdsu`t
u`tji
jibb id `j dfdeu
dfdeuelõ
elõnn id `j ej`la
ej`larj
rjelõ
elõnn sd cbstr
cbstrjrê
jrê aj
ajfb
fb `j
eb`ucnj U/N id `j prudaj jetuj`.
5) Qdp
Qdpltj
ltj ``jj pr
prudaj
udaj.. D` jjnj`lz
nj`lzjib
jibrr pd
pdrcltd
rcltd gjst
gjstjj 1; dfde
dfdeuelb
uelbnds
nds c
cêxlc
êxlcb.
b.
9) @bs rds rdsu`tj`tjibs dststjjiãst
stle
lebbs y d` nudnudvb ebdebdhleld
leldnntd id ej`lar
`larjjelõ
elõn sd cbcbst
strrjr
jrêê
jutbcêtlejcdntd idspuìs id ejij prudaj dn `j tja`j ualejij idajfb id` cjreb.
4) @js
@js hl`j
hl`jss id ijt
ijtbs
bs id `j `jss prud
prudaj
ajss nb-s
nb-sjt
jtlsh
lshje
jetb
tbrl
rljs
js sd pudi
pudidn
dn d`lc
d`lcln
lnjr
jr dn euj
euj`q
`qul
uldr
dr
cbcdntb.
Ul idelid utl`lzjr un nudvb ebdhleldntd id ej`larjelõn, Gjmj e`le dn `j tde`j ‐Mujrijr– ("Ujvd–) y d`
slstdcj mujrijrê d` nudvb ebdhleldntd id ej`larjelõn.
9<
pjrêcdtrb lnilej
id` pjrêcdtrb qud d` brdsu`tjib
pjtõmdnb id `j prudaj
d` vj`br nbrcj` dxedid d` `ãcltd
id `j ebnhlmurjelõn supdrlbr b d` `ãcltd lnhdrlbr id` vj`br
id` slstdcj.
Tn rdsu`tjib id `j prudaj ebn ‐---‐, lnilej qud d` rdsu`tjib dstê pbr dnelcj id` rjnmb id prudaj b
j`munj hj``j sd prdsdntõ iurjntd `j prudaj.
Ul d` nöcdrb id rdmlstrbs glstõrlebs ds supdrlbr j 4;;, dntbneds sd pudid prdslbnjr `js tde`js ‐00-– y
‐->>– pjrj ebncutjr dntrd `js aösqudij id ijtbs.
Ud`deelbnjrr (‐Ud`det–)
Ud`deelbnj
Gjmj e`le dn `j tde`j ‐Ud`deelbnjr– ("Ud`det") pjrj jarlr un eujirb id ilj`bmb ebcb d` qud
slmud6
Lnmrdsd `bs nöcdrbs id ebnsdeutlvb id `bs rdmlstrbs pjrj dsebmdr d` puntb id lnlelb y
hlnj`lzjelõn. Gjmj e`le dn `j tde`j ‐BO– y sl d` clscb vj`br sd lnmrdsj dn `bs eujirbs id
lnlelb y hlnj`lzjelõn, dntbneds d` rdmlstrb id dstd vj`br ebrrdspbnid ebn d` sd`deelbnjib.
Gjmj e`le dn `j tde`j ‐Ejned`– y d` slstdcj nb sd`deelbnjrê nlnmön rdmlstrb.
Dnvljr (‐Udni–)6
@j tde`j ‐Dnvljr– (‐Udni–) prbvdd `j hunelõn id trjnshdrdnelj id ijtbs y `bs cìtbibs id
sd`deelõn id ijtbs6
ijtbs6 j) utl`led `j hunelõn id sd`d
sd`deelbnjr
eelbnjr.. a) utl`led d` cbusd pjrj gjed
gjedrr e`le
dn `j eb`ucnj id `j `lstj. Ud`deelbnd un glstbrlj` id ijtbs? pbr cdilb id` tde`jib utl`lzjnib
`j tde`j ‐Etr`– b `j tde`j ‐Uglht–, sd pudidn sd`deelbnjr cö`tlp`ds eb`ucnjs. Ul nb sd
sd`deelbnj nlnmön ijtb, tbibs `bs ijtbs sd pudidn trjnshdrlr. Gjmj e`le dn `j tde`j ‐Dnvljr–
("Udni–) pjrj jarlr un ilj`bmb id trjnshdrdnelj ebcb d` slmuldntd6
Jivdrt
Jivdrtdnel
dnelj6
j6 Nb utl
utl`le
`ledd nlnmö
nlnmön
n tlpb id ilsb
ilsb`vdn
`vdntd,
td, mrjsj,
mrjsj, b sustjnel
sustjneljj ebrrb
ebrrbslv
slvjj
pjrj `lcpljr d` lnstrucdntb.
:;.1.:: Jfustd
Jfustd id Lnmdnldrãj (‐Dnmlnddrlnm–)
[jrj lnmdnldrãj pjrj ebnhlmurjelõn y jfustd id `bs pjrêcdtrbs id` lnstrucdntb.
1) D` ln
lnst
stru
rucd
cdnt
ntbb eb
ebrt
rtjj `j pbtd
pbtdne
nelj
lj ’’Qdvlsd sl d` lnstrucdntb
lnstrucdntb dstj dndrmlzjib
dndrmlzjib b nb.
jutbcêtlejcdntd ’’Qdvlsd sl d` eja`d id pbtdnelj dstj h`bfb.
’’Ids-dndrmled d` lntdrruptbr
lntdrruptbr id` elreultb lntdrnb id` jnj`lzjibr y rdlnãeld`b.
5) Nb Ilsb`v
Ilsb`vdntd
dntd (IL@T
(IL@TDNY)
DNY) ’’Qdj
’’Qdjajstd
ajstdzej
zej d` ilsb`vdnt
ilsb`vdntdd (IL
(IL@TDNY
@TDNY)) . Idsid
Idsid d` cdnö id cjntd
cjntdnlcldn
nlcldntb
tb id
`j pjntj``j prlnelpj`, sd`deelbnd ``dnjib id` rdjetlvb -> ilsb`vdntd (IL@TDNY) .
9) Nb gjy sb`uelõn id dnfu
fujjmud ’’Qdjajstdzej `j sb`uelõn id dnfujmud (E@DJNUDQ) . Idsid d` cdnö id
(E@DJNUDQ) cjntdnlcldntb id `j pjntj``j prlnelpj`, sd`deelbnd ``dnjib id` rdjetlvb -> sb`uelõn
id dnfujmud (E@DJNUDQ) .
4) Nb gjy jmdntd gdcb
cb``ãtleb (@\UD) ’’
’’QQdjaj ajsstdzej d` jmdntd gdcb cb`ã
`ãttleb
leb (@\UD) . Idsid d` cd cdnnö id
cjntdnlcldntb id `j pjntj``j prlnelpj`, sd`deelbnd ``dnjib id` rdjetlvb -> rdjetlvb
gdcb`ãtleb (@\UD).
8) Abtd``j id idsgdegbs ``dnj ’’Idsejrtd `bs idsgdegbs.
=) Ydcpdrjturj
dcpdrjturj jnbr
jnbrcj`
cj` ’’Dn d` cdnö prlnelpj`
prlnelpj` id` sbhtwjrd
sbhtwjrd,, gjmj e`le dn ‐Uys
‐Uystdc
tdc Lnhb–
Lnhb– -> ‐Uystdc
‐Uystdc
Utjtus–. Qdvlsd `j tdcpdrjturj jcaldntd, y sl nb dstj idntrb id` rjnmb id :4 »E ~
54»E, rdstjurd `j tdcpdrjturj jcaldntd id` jnj`lzjibr j dstd rjnmb.
7) D` vvj`b
j`brr id ebnt
ebntdb
db iidd a`
a`jn
jneb
ebss ds ’’D` rdjetlvb sd ebnsuclõ
ebnsuclõ b nb gjy
gjy..
supdrlbr rdpdtlijcdntd ’’D` rdjetlvb dstj idmrjijib b ebntjclnjib.
ebntjclnjib.
’’Ej`lard d` lnstrucdntb.
lnstrucdntb.
’’Qdvlsd qud `j tdcpdrjturj
tdcpdrjturj y `j prdslõn dstìn nbrcj`ds.
<) [j
[jrê
rêcd
cdtr
trbb id pr
prud
udaj
aj ’’Ej`lard d` lnstrucdntb.
lnstrucdntb.
’’Qdvlsd qud `j ualejelõn
ualejelõn id `j jmufj id cuds
cudstrdb
trdb sdj `j ebrr
ebrrdetj.
detj.
lnebrrdetb
’’Qdvlsd sl gjy auraufjs dn `j fdrlnmj id h`ulib, sl d` plstõn sd ids`lzj
sujvdcdntd. Ul gjy auraufjs, jsdmördsd qud `j ebndxlõn id` tuab id` rdjetlvb
dstì nbrcj`.
’’Qdvlsd qud `js vê`vu`js
vê`vu`js sb`dnblid dstìn hunelbnjnib nbrcj`cdntd.
:;) @j lcprd
lcprdsbrj
sbrj nb hunel
hunelbnj
bnj ’’Qdv
’’Qdvlsd
lsd qud `j lcprd
lcprdsbrj
sbrj tdnmj pjpd`
pjpd`..
’’Qdvlsd qud dstì ebndetjij
ebndetjij ebrrdetjcdntd.
ebrrdetjcdntd.
’’Qdvlsd `j ebnhlmurjelõn
ebnhlmurjelõn id `j lcprdsbrj.
:;) ZE nb dst
dstêê dn
dn d`
d` rrjjnmb
nmb baf
bafddtl
tlvvb ’’Q
’’Qdv
dvls
lsdd dd`` pdr
pdrlb
lbib
ib id vvj`
j`li
liddz id
id` rrdj
djeetl
tlvvb.
’’Qdvlsd qud `j ebnhlmurjelõn sdj `j ebrrdetj y sl ds ndedsjrlb cbilhlqud `bs
pjrêcdtrbs.
’’Jsdmördsd qud d` prbedsb id ZE nb dstì ebntjclnjib.
’’Qdj`led btrj prudaj usjnib
usjnib btrb cìtbib.
Jivdrtd
Jivd
Jivdrtdn
rtdnelj6 Ö
nelj6
elj6 Önlejcdn
jcdntd
nle td d` pdrsbnj`
pdrsbnj` prb
prbhdsl
hdslbnj`
bnj` jut
jutbrlz
brlzjib
jib pbr Qjytb pud
pudid
id
rdpjrjr dstd lnstrucdntb.
8=
Nbcard id`
Ebcpbndntd [`bcb CdreurlbUustjnelj
Ejiclbb d`dcdntb
Erbcb
tbxleb/pd`lmrbsb
Alhd`lnbs Ìtdrds
([a) (Gm) (Ei) gdxjvj`dntd
pb`le`brjibs ilhd`lnbs
(Er (XL)) ([AA) pb`le`brjib
s ([AID)
[EA lnebrpbrjib Ý ● ● ● ● ●
Ejrejzj Ý ● ● ● ● ●
[jntj``j Ý ● ● ● ● ●
Ebcpbndntd Ý ● ● ● ● ●
bptb-d`ìetrleb
Eja`djib ● ● ● ● ● ●
Lntdrnb
[jrtd juxl`ljr Ý ● ● ● ● ●
●6 @bs
@bs ebnt
ebntdn
dnli
libs
bs id dstj
dstj sust
sustjn
jnel
eljj tbxl
tbxlej
ej/p
/pd`
d`lm
lmrb
rbsj
sj dn tbib
tbib d` cj
cjtd
tdrl
rlj`
j` gbcb
gbcbmì
mìnd
ndbb id`
id`
ebcpbndntd dstên pbr idajfb id` `lcltd ide`jrjib sdmön d` dstênijr UF/Y::585-1;;8
Ý6 D` ebnt
ebntdn
dnlib
lib id dstj sust
sustjn
jnelj
elj tbx
tbxlej
lej/p
/pd`l
d`lmrb
mrbsj
sj dn j` cdnb
cdnbss un cjtd
cjtdrlj
rlj`` gbcbm
gbcbmìn
ìndb
db id`
ebcpbndntd dstên pbr idajfb id` `lcltd ide`jrjib sdmön d` dstênijr UF/Y::585-1;;8
Nbtj6 @j ebn
ebnhlmur
hlmurjelõn
jelõn pudid vjrlj
vjrljrr un pbeb d
dn
n `js ilhd
ilhdrdntds
rdntds vdrsl
vdrslbnds
bnds i
id`
d`
lnstrucdntb.
87
Udrvlelb j` E`ldntd
[jrj euj`quldr lnhbrcjelõn,
lnhbrcjelõn, je`jrjel
je`jrjelõn
õn b sdrvl
sdrvlelb
elb id sbpbrt
sbpbrtdd tìenl
tìenleb,
eb, hjvbr ebcun
ebcunlejrsd
lejrsd j
nudstrb EDNYQB ID JYDNELBN J E@LDNYDU6