Cuarto Año de Escolaridad

135
 CUARTO AÑO DE SECUNDARIA COMUNITARIA PRODUCTIVA
LENGUA EXTRANJER

CONTENIDOS
Realce de la expresión oral en el contexto de las diferentes culturas y lenguas utilizadas en el proceso de
aprendizaje

- Simple present Vs Present continuous

- Frecuency adverbs
- Irregular verbs
- Adverbs

El lenguaje verbal, el lenguaje de la imagen y su función

- La historieta, el anime y los juegos de Ordenador.

- Oral and written expression “Bolivian cinema”. El cine y el vídeo.
- Técnicas de comunicación
- Oral (face to face)

CAPACIDADES A DESARROLLAR
- Manifiesta el pensamiento creativo a través de la lectura de comics y otras lecturas.
- Expresa sus ideas de forma oral utilizando términos sencillos en tiempo presente simple y continuo.
- Comprende frases y expresiones de uso frecuente relacionadas a su vivencia diaria
- Usa soportes escritos para preparar la intervención, sobre todo en discursos monogestionados.
- Capta el sentido global e identificar información específica en textos orales sobre temas familiares y
de interés.

136
ORAL EXPRESSION IN THE CONTEXT OF DIFFERENT CULTURES AND
LANGUAGES IN THE LEARNING PROCESS
SIMPLE PRESENT VERSUS PRESENT CONTINUOUS

¡ Iniciemos desde la práctica !

1. Read and choose the correct answer. Lee y elija la respuesta correcta.

Dear Carlitos,
I hope you are fine. Thank you for the pictures you have sent
me in your previous e-mail. They are beautiful and bring me
some good memories. I am writing to you because I am
planning to visit “Villa Tunari” next week, is that ok for
you?
Looking forward to your reply!
See you!

Martina

a) Did Carlitos send pictures to Martina?

a. Martina did. b. Ye, he did. He sent pictures to her. c. Yes, he is.
b) Who is writing and planning to visit to Villa Tunari?
a. Martina is. b. Martina did. c. Yes, she is.
c) When is Martina planning to visit him?
a. Today. b. Next week. C. Never.

2. Underline the reading and complete the box with verbs in present simple and present
continuous. Subraya la lectura y completa el recuadro con los verbos en presente simple y continuo.

Simple Present Present Continuous

I hope I am writing

137
 ¡ Continuemos con la teoría !

3. Look and analyze the differences. Observa y analiza las diferencias.

PRESENT CONTINIUOUS SIMPLE PRESENT

Simple present is
Present continuous verb used to show
tense indicates that an repetition, habit or
action or condition is generalization.
happening now.

138
 SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE

Narra acciones habituales, planeadas, programadas,

DEFINITION
Definición seguidas o indeterminadas.

Subject + infinitive verb + complement

AFFIRMATIVE Carlos practices basketball.

Afirmativo
Carlos practica el baloncesto.

Subject + do / does + not + infinitive verb +

complement
NEGATIVE
Negativo Carlos doesn’t practice basketball.

Carlos no practica el baloncesto.

Do / Does + subject + infinitive verb + complement?

INTERROGATIVE Does Carlos practice balocesto?

Interrogativo
Carlos practica baloncesto.

EXAMPLES:

Affirmative Negative Interrogative Short Answers

Yes, I do.
I play I don’t play Do I play?
No, I don’t.
Yes, you do.
You play You don’t play Do you play?
SINGULAR

No, you don’t.

Yes, he does.
He plays He doesn’t play Does he play?
No, he doesn’t.
Yes, she does.
She plays She doesn’t play Does she play?
No, she doesn’t.
Yes, it does.
It plays It doesn’t play Does it play?
No, it doesn’t.
Yes, we do.
We play We don’t play Do we play?
No, we don’t
PLURAL

Yes, you do.

You play You don’t play Do you play?
No, you don’t.
Yes, They do.
They play They don’t play Do they play?
No, they don’t.

139
 Don’t forget In simple present, you can use adverbs of frequency.
(3rd person En el presente simple se pueden usar los adverbios de frecuencia.
singular: simple form
+“-s”)

Exceptions when adding '-s':

- After -o, -ch, -sh or -s, add -es.
Example: do - he does, wash - she
washes
- After a consonant, the final
consonant y becomes ie. (but: not
after a vowel).
Example: worry: he worries but:
play - he plays.

- Maria feeds her dog. (feed)

+s - Pedro enjoys the food. (enjoy)
- Tomas always cooks the dinner. (cook)
- Tomas watches TV every night. (watch)
+ es - Maria usually dresses in pink. (dress)
- Boris never washes his car. (wash)
- The baby cries loudly. (cry)
y – ies - Pedro carries a heavy bag. (carry)
- Dina dries the dishes every night. (dry)
Conversation:
A. Hello Juan.
B. Hello my friend.
A. Do you play quena?
B. No, I don’t. I play the trumpet.
A. How often do you play the trumpet?
B. I sometimes play the trumpet at home.
A. Does teacher Elisa play the guitar?
B. Yes, she does. She plays the guitar every Monday at school.
A. Do the Tocaña boys play drums?
B. Yes, they do.

140
 PRESENT CONTINUOUS

DEFINITION Describe acciones que están sucediendo en el momento en que se narran de

Definición forma presente o temporal.

AFFIRMATIVE Subject + to be + complement

Afirmativo The school teachers are practcing for the winter musical.
Los maestros de la escuela están practicando para el musical de invierno.

NEGATIVE Subject + to be + not + verb + complement

Negativo The school teachers are not practcing for the winter music.
Los maestros de la escuela no están practicando para el musical de invierno.

INTERROGATIVE To be + subject + verb + complement?

Interrogativo Are the school teachers practcing for the winter musical?
¿Los maestros de la escuela están practicando para el musical de inverno?)

EXAMPLES:
Affirmative Negative Interrogative Short Answers
Yes, I am.
I am playing I am not playing Am I playing?
No, I am not.
Yes, you are.
You are playing You are not playing Are you playing?
SINGULAR

No, you are not.

Yes, he is.
He is playing He is not playing Is he playing?
No, he is not.
Yes, she is.
She is playing She is not playing Is she playing?
No, she is not.
Yes, it is.
It is playing It is not playing Is it playing?
No, it is not.
Yes, we are.
We are playing We are not playing Are we playing?
No, we are not.
PLURAL

Yes, we are.
You are playing You are not playing Are you playing?
No, we are not.
They are Yes, they are.
They are not playing Are they playing?
playing No, they are not.

141
 General rule: after verb add –ing In present continuous, you can use: At the
Example: working moment, At this moment, Today, Now, Right
now.

Exceptions when adding '-ing':

- Silent e is dropped. (but: does not apply for -ee)
Example: come - coming
but: agree - agreeing
- One syllable verb (consonant, vowel, consonant) double the last consonant.
Example: sit – sitting
- Final ie becomes y.
Example: lie –lying

Examples:

1 syllable ending 1 vowel verbs ending with -e lie and die

+ consonant take – taking lie – lying
get – getting make – making die – dying
sit – sitting shake – shaking
skip – skipping travel – regret
swim - swimming
travel – travelling
regret – regretting

142
 Conversation:
A. Good morning Eliana.
B. Good morning Kevin.
A. What are you doing?
B. I'm doing my homework. What are you doing?
A. Well, I’m cooking dinner.
B. What are you cooking?
A. I’m cooking fish, potatoes and rice.
B. It sounds delicious.
A. Max and Mary are coming at my home. Would you like to join us?
B. Sure!
A. See you at seven o’clock.
A. Ok, see you then.

In conclusion:

Present Simple vs. Present Continuous

General truths Actions happening now
It rarely rains in the desert. Marcos is reading a newspaper upstairs.
Present habits, things we do
Annoying habits (+always)
regularly
He’s always singing in the shower.
María goes to dance every Friday.
Future events which are part of a
Future arrangements
timetable
She’s getting married on November 3rd.
The bus leaves at 6:30 a.m.

Temporary states
Permanent states
They’re working at the museum until the
He works at a restaurant.
end this month.

4. Complete the sentences by choosing the correct form of the verb.

Completa las oraciones eligiendo la forma correcta del verbo.

1. Lorena…combs… (comb-combs) her hair every day.

2. My parents always………………(come-comes) back home early.

3. Cats……………..(eat- eats) meat and bread.

4. I………………….(take- takes) a shower every day.

5. Children……………..(go-goes) to school.

6. Teacher………………(teach-teaches) math at school.

143
 ¡ Realicemos la valoración !

5. Look at the picture and make sentences with these verbs in present continuous.
Mira la imagen y forma oraciones con estos verbos en presente continuo.

EAT- DRINK – SPEAK – LAUGH – SING – DANCE - LISTEN

Example: Sandra is drinking soda.

6. What do you do every day? Write sentences using the verbs in the present simple form. ¿Qué
haces todos los días? Escribir oraciones usando los verbos en la forma presente simple.
Example:
I play soccer with my friends.
……………………………………………

¡ Es hora de la producción !

7. Take a photograph of your family or friend and talk about them. Toma una foto de tu familia
amiga o amigo y habla acerca de ellas, ellos.

Example:
Who is your favorite friend? Can we talk about…?

144
 8. Read this comic then create another one in your notebook. Lee este cómic y luego crea otro en tu
cuaderno.

THE VERBAL LANGUAGE, THE LANGUAGE OF THE IMAGE AND ITS

FUNCTION BOLIVIAN FILMS

¡ Iniciemos desde la práctica !

1. Let’s make a survey to know how many Bolivian movies we have seen. Hagamos una encuesta para
saber cuántas películas bolivianas hemos visto.

Ask your friends or family about the movies (film) they have seen (at least 10 people).
1) Have you seen a Bolivian or a foreign movie in the last month?
a) National movie b) Foreign movie
2) Which Bolivian movies have you seen in your life?
a) Nación Clandestina
b) American Visa
c) ¿Quién mató a la Llamita Blanca?
d) Other one.

145
 After the job, record the information.
Question N° 1:
a) National movie ___________ (How many people)

b) Foreign movie ___________

Question N° 2:
e) Nación Clandestina ___________
f) American Visa ___________
g) Quien mató a la Llamita Blanca ___________
h) Other____________ ___________,__________ etc.

2. Presenting the results (tell the results and make a graphic or table in your notebook): Presentando
los resultados (cuenta los resultados y realiza un gráfico o una tabla en su cuaderno)

¡ Continuemos con la teoría !

3. Read the paragraph and answer the questions. Lee el párrafo y responde las preguntas.

“Los Andes no creen en Dios” (Los Andes don’t Believe in God)

A period film set in 1920 Uyuni, the story follows a young and well-educated writer who arrives from
Europe with dreams of making a fortune in the mining industry. When he falls in love with a woman of
mixed race but is forced to end the relationship due to racist attitudes of the time, this creates a complex
love story with many twists are turns… (Stewart, 2. 2017)
a) What does racist mean?
……………………………………………………………………………………
b) Do you know the names of the principal characters of that movie? Which are they?
…………………………………………………………………………………….
c) Who was the director of that movie?
…………………………………………………………………………………….
d) Would you like to be a movie star? why?
…………………………………………………………………………………….

146
4. Match the movies to the pictures. Une los nombres de las películas con sus gráficos.

AMERICAN VISA

¿QUIÉN MATÓ A LA
LLAMITA BLANCA?

AVENGERS

NACIÓN CLANDESTINA

TOY STORY

5. What genre of film do you think they’re watching? Use the words from the chart. ¿Qué género de
película crees que están viendo? Utilice las palabras del cuadro.

Action movies Drama movies Romance movies

Horror movies Science-fiction Animation movies
Comedy movies Movies Documentary films

---------------------- ---------------------------

147