SIMPLE PRESENT | PRESENT CONTINUOUS

SIMPLE PAST | PAST CONTINUOUS

Inglés | A1 | Unidad N° 13

Introducción
El presente simple es el tiempo verbal más básico del inglés. Tiene 3 usos fundamentales:

• Expresa hechos o verdades generales.

• Expresa costumbres o hábitos.

• Expresa horarios o programas.

Fórmula para armar el presente simple afirmativo:

Persona gramatical + verbo en infinitivo

He/She/It agregan -s o -es a los verbos.

Ejemplo:

She works. | Ella trabaja.

I work. | Yo trabajo.

Fórmula para armar presente simple en negativo:

Persona gramatical + don’t o doesn’t + verbo en infinitivo

I /You/They/We don’t

He/She/It doesn’t

Fórmula para armar presente simple en preguntas:

Do o Does + Persona gramatical + verbo infinitivo

Ejemplo:

Do you play soccer? | ¿Juegas al futbol?

Ejemplo:

Persona Afirmativo Negativo Interrogativo

I play don't play do I play?

You play don't play do you play?

He/She/It plays doesn't play does He/She/It play?

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SIMPLE PAST | PAST CONTINUOUS
Inglés | A1 | Unidad N° 13

We play don’t play do we play?

You play don’t play do you play?

They play don’t play do they play?

Para formular las respuestas:

Afirmativa

Yes, I /You/They/We do

He/She/It does

Negativa

No, I/You/They/We don't

No, He/She/It doesn't

Exercise | Ejercicio
1. Complete the sentences with the verb in present simple. | Completa las oraciones con el verbo en presente
simple.

a) I (travel) ........................................................................................... . d) Tom and I (play guitar) .............................................................. .

b) They (not play) .............................................................. football. e) Camile and Peter (not go) ....................................... to school.

c) Sally (not study) ............................................................................ .

Present continuous | Presente continuo

El presente continuo se utiliza, principalmente, para hablar de una acción que esta ocurriendo en este momento. También
se utiliza para:

• Hablar de una acción que esta cercana al tiempo en que se esta hablando pero no precisamente en este momento.

• Hablar en futuro.

Fórmula afirmativa del presente continuo:

Persona gramatical + verbo 'to be' + gerundio

Fórmula negativa del presente continuo:

Persona gramatical + verbo 'to be' + not + gerundio

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SIMPLE PAST | PAST CONTINUOUS
Inglés | A1 | Unidad N° 13

Fórmula interrogativa del presente continuo:

Verbo to be + persona gramatical + gerundio

Fórmula para responder:

Yes, + persona gramatical + verbo 'to be'

Ejemplo: Yes, he is.

No, + persona gramatical + verbo 'to be' + not Yes, + persona gramatical + verbo 'to be'

Ejemplo: No, he is not.

Afirmación Negación Interrogación

I am eating I’m not eating Am I eating?

You are eating You aren’t eating Are you eating?

He/she is eating He/she isn’t eating Is he/she eating?

We are eating We aren’t eating Are we eating?

You are eating You aren’t eating Are you eating?

They are eating They aren’t eating Are they eating?

Exercise | Ejercicio
2. Completa las oraciones conjugando en presente continuo los verbos indicados entre paréntesis.

a) What is he doing? He ...................................... an apple. (eat) d) What is the girl doing? She ............................................. and

b) What are the babies doing? They ................................ . (sleep) ............................................ . (sing) (play guitar)

c) What are kids doing? They ........................................... . (read) e) What is he doing? He ................................................... . (drink)

Simple past | Pasado simple

Se utiliza para referirse a acciones que se desarrollaron en el pasado y ya finalizaron.

En la formación del tiempo pasado hay que distinguir entre verbos regulares e irregulares: los verbos regulares forman el
tiempo pasado añadiendo “-ed” a la forma infinitiva, mientras que los irregulares cambian completamente su forma,
y se hallan todos ellos en la lista de verbos correspondiente a la unidad 10.

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SIMPLE PAST | PAST CONTINUOUS
Inglés | A1 | Unidad N° 13

Para armar oraciones en sus distintas formas recordemos las fórmulas:

Afirmativa:

Persona gramatical + verbo con -ed o irregular.

Negativa:

Persona gramatical + did not (didn’t) + verbo infinitivo (sin -ed ni irregulares).

Interrogativa:

Did + persona gramatical + verbo en infinitivo (sin -ed ni irregulares).

Para responder las preguntas:

Yes, + persona gramatical + did

No, + persona gramatical + didn’t (did not)

Persona afirmativo Negativo Interrogativo

I played Didn’t play Did I play?

You played Didn’t play Did you play?

He/She/It played Didn’t play Did He/She/It play?

We played Didn’t play Did we play?

They played Didn’t play Did they play?

El verbo to be (que quiere decir "ser o estar") también es irregular en su conjugación del pasado, y es el único que cambia
su forma dependiendo de las personas gramaticales.

Present Simple past

I am I was

You are You were

He/She/It is He/She/It was

We are We were

They are They were

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SIMPLE PAST | PAST CONTINUOUS
Inglés | A1 | Unidad N° 13

Exercise | Ejercicio
3. Link the verb with its past form. | Une el verbo con su forma pasada.

a) Love 1. Took

b) Think 2. Played

c) Take 3. Loved

d) Play 4. Thought

e) Bring 5. Saw

f) See 6. Taught

g) Teach 7. Brought

h) Drink 8. Slept

i) Write 9. Drunk

j) Sleep 10. Wrote

Past continuous | Pasado continuo

El pasado continuo es un tiempo verbal que se utiliza para hablar de acciones que ocurrieron en un tiempo pasado pero
que tuvieron una duración prolongada.

Structure | Estructura

El pasado continuo se forma con el verbo auxiliar to be en su forma pasada y el gerundio de un verbo.

Affirmative | Afirmativo

Fórmula: Persona gramatical + was o were + gerundio (con -ing)

I was eating Yo estaba comiendo

You were eating Tú estabas comiendo

She/he/it was eating Ella/él/eso estaba comiendo

We were eating Nosotros estábamos comiendo

You were eating Vosotros/as estabais comiendo/Ustedes estaban comiendo

They were eating Ellos estaban comiendo

Negative | Negativo

Persona gramatical + was not (wasn’t) o were not (weren’t) + verbo con -ing

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Inglés | A1 | Unidad N° 13

La forma negativa se forma colocando not después del verbo to be. Puede usarse también la forma contraída wasn´t o
weren´t.

I wasn’t (was not) eating Yo no estaba comiendo

You weren’t (were not) eating Tú no estabas comiendo

She/he/it wasn’t (was not) eating Ella/él/eso no estaba comiendo

We weren’t (were not) eating Nosotros no estábamos comiendo

You weren’t (were not) eating Vosotros/as no estabais comiendo/Ustedes no estaban comiendo

They weren’t (were not) eating Ellos no estaban comiendo

Interrogative | Interrogativo

Was o Were + Persona gramatical + gerundio (-ing)

La forma interrogativa del tiempo verbal past continuous se conforma utilizando was o were delante de la oración y el
gerundio.

Was I eating? ¿Estaba yo comiendo?

Were you eating ¿Estabas tú comiendo?

Was she/he/it eating? ¿Estaba ella/el/eso comiendo?

Were we eating? ¿Estábamos comiendo nosotros?

Were you eating? ¿Estabais comiendo vosotros/as?/¿Estaban comiendo ustedes?

Were they eating? ¿Estaban comiendo ellos?

Recordemos que las personas gramaticales:

I, he, she, it van con was.

You, they, we van con were.

Exercise | Ejercicio
4. Choose the right answer in each case. | Elige la respuesta correcta en cada caso.

a) Susan was/were studying . d) Camile and I was/were eating hamburgers.

b) Was/were John doing his homework? e) I was/were playing hockey.

c) Mary was/were playing guitar.

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SIMPLE PAST | PAST CONTINUOUS
Inglés | A1 | Unidad N° 13

Integrative exercise | Ejercicio integrativo

A continuación realizaremos una actividad integradora, donde tendremos distintas frases correspondientes a distintos
tiempos verbales ya trabajados. Debemos colocar los números de las oraciones en la columna correspondiente debajo,
indicando a que tiempo pertenece.

1. Mary doesn’t like hamburgers.

2. Peter was reading a book.
3. Catherine went to school yesterday.
4. I am writing a phrase now.
5. Does Carl like football?
6. My friends and I are eating at this moment.
7. They were playing guitar at that moment.
8. Did you drink water?
9. Were they sleeping?
10. Susie plays hockey.

Simple present Present continuous Simple past Past continuous

9 10

7 8 6 5

2 3 4 1

Past continuous Simple past Present continuous Simple present

4. a) Was | b) Was | c) Was | d) Were | e) Were

3. a) 3 | b) 4 | c) 1 | d) 2 | e) 7 | f) 5 | g) 6 | h) 9 | i) 10 | j) 8

He is drinking.
2. a) He is eating an apple. | b) They are sleeping. | c) They are reading. | d) She is singing and playing the guitar. | e)

to school
1. a)I travel | b) They don’t play football | c) Sally doesn’t study | d) Tom and I play guitar | e) Camile and Peter don’t go

Respuestas