UNIVERSIDAD TÉCNICA DE AMBATO

FACULTAD DE INGENIERÍA CIVIL Y MECÁNICA

CARRERA DE MECÁNICA
EJERCICIO
 Para el sistema de tuberías de la figura, todas las tuberías son de concreto con una
rugosidad absoluta de 0.04 pulgadas. Despreciando las pérdidas menores y conociendo
que la caída de presión promedio es P1 - P2 = 98 psi, determinar el caudal en m 3 /h. Se
conoce que por el sistema fluye agua a 20 °C.
DATOS:

Agua→ 20 ° C

ρ=1.94 slug/ f t 3

μ=2.09× 10−5 slug/ ft . s

ε =0.04∈¿
P1−P2=98 psi

Q=? m3 /h

L (ft) d (in) L/d ε /d

a 1000 12 → 1 ft 1000 0.00333
b 1500 8 → 0.7 ft 2250 0.00500
c 800 12 → 1 ft 800 0.00333
d 1200 15 → 1.25 ft 960 0.00267

Solución:

→ De la solución anterior para ∆ p=131 psi, podemos ver que ∆ pa es aproximadamente el

90.2 % de la caída total. Por lo tanto, esta es una primera suposición.

∆ pa =0.902∗∆ p

∆ pa =0.902 ( 98× 144 )

∆ pa =12729 psf

La ρV a2
∆ pa =f a
da 2
2
1000 1.94 V a
12729= ( 0.027 ) ( 1 ) 2
 ft
Despejando queda :V a =22.05
s
Q a= A a V a

π
Q a= ( 1 )2 ( 22.05 )
4

f t3
Q a=17.31
s

8∗f b∗Lb∗Q b2 8∗f c∗Lc∗Q c2

[ h f ] b= 2 = [ hf ] c = 2
π ∗g∗D b5 π ∗g∗D c 5
5 5
fb Lb Dc
2
Qc =Qb ∗
fc
∗
2
Lc
∗
[ ][ ][ ]
Db
→ Qc =Qb∗
√[ fb
fc
∗
Lb
][ ][ ]
Lc
∗
Dc
Db

5
fb fb
Q c =Q b∗
√[ ] [ ] [ ]
fc
∗
1500
800
∗
1
0.7
→ Q c =Q b∗3.77
√[ ]
fc
1
2 2
8∗f b∗Lb∗Q b 8∗f d∗L d∗Q d
[ h f ] b= 2 5
=[ hf ] d= 2
π ∗g∗D b π ∗g∗D d 5
5 5
fb Lb Dd
2
Qd =Qb ∗
fd
∗
2
Ld
∗
[ ][ ][ ]
Db
→ Qd =Qb∗
√[ fb
fd
∗
Lb
][ ][ ]
Ld
∗
Dd
Db

5
fb fb
Q d =Q b∗
√[ ] [ ] [ ]
fd
∗
1500
1200
∗
1.25
0.7
→ Q d =Q b∗5.38
√[ ]
fd
2

Reemplazamos 1 y 2 en la siguiente ecuación:

f t3
Qb +Qc +Qd =17.3 [ ]
s

fb f
Q b +Q b∗3.77∗
√ fc fd √
+Q b∗5.38∗ b =17.3

17.3
Q b= 3
fb fb
1+3.77∗
fc √
+ 5.38∗
fd √
Asumimosque f b =f c =f d =1

17.3
Q b= Q c =3.77∗Qb Q d =5.38∗Q b
1+3.77+5.38
 f t3 Qc =3.77∗1.704 Qd =5.38∗1.704
Q b=1.704
s

f t3 f t3
Q c =6.425 Q d =9.167
s s
Iterando en una plantilla de Excel tenemos:

Datos
LA(ft) 1000
dA(ft) 1.00
LB(ft) 1500
dB(ft) 0.66
LC(ft) 80
dC(m) 1
LD(m) 800
dD(m) 1.25
μ 0.0000209
ε (m) 0.00333
ρ ( kg /m 3) 1.94
RRA=ε/Da 0.00333
RRb=ε/Db 0.00504545
RRC=ε/Dc 0.00333
RRD=ε/dD 0.002664
g(m/s2) 32.2
∆ P( psi) 98
Q(ft 3 /s) ?

Qb Qc Qd (Re)b (Re)c (Re)d fb fc fd

1.704008 6.42411015 9.20164318 305135.864 759239.057 870003.376 0.5 0.5 0.5
1.58312265 6.35589089 9.39145077 283488.986 751176.505 887949.436 0.03079452 0.02715391 0.02551671
1.58258984 6.35576685 9.39211006 283393.576 751161.845 888011.771 0.03081588 0.02715552 0.02551364
1.58258734 6.35576689 9.39211255 283393.127 751161.849 888012.006 0.03081598 0.02715552 0.02551363
1.58258732 6.35576689 9.39211256 283393.125 751161.85 888012.007 0.03081598 0.02715552 0.02551363
1.58258732 6.35576689 9.39211256 283393.125 751161.85 888012.007 0.03081598 0.02715552 0.02551363
1.58258732 6.35576689 9.39211256 283393.125 751161.85 888012.007 0.03081598 0.02715552 0.02551363
1.58258732 6.35576689 9.39211256 283393.125 751161.85 888012.007 0.03081598 0.02715552 0.02551363
1.58258732 6.35576689 9.39211256 283393.125 751161.85 888012.007 0.03081598 0.02715552 0.02551363
1.58258732 6.35576689 9.39211256 283393.125 751161.85 888012.007 0.03081598 0.02715552 0.02551363
1.58258732 6.35576689 9.39211256 283393.125 751161.85 888012.007 0.03081598 0.02715552 0.02551363
(Error (Error
Vb Vc Vd fb fc fd Qb Qc Qd %)b (Error%)c %)d
-
4.9807400 8.1794310 7.4981734 0.0307945 0.0271539 0.0255167 1.5831226 6.3558908 9.3914507 1.06192533 2.0627575
5 8 2 2 1 1 5 9 7 7.0941769 8 1
-
4.6273975 8.0925716 7.6528425 0.0308158 0.0271555 0.0255136 1.5825898 6.3557668 9.3921100 0.0336558 0.00195157 0.0070201
4 3 6 8 2 4 4 5 6 1 8 6
4.6258401 0.0308159 0.0271555 0.0255136 1.5825873 6.3557668 9.3921125 0.0001583 -5.22246E- -2.6431E-
5 8.0924137 7.6533798 8 2 3 4 9 5 8 07 05
4.6258328 8.0924137 7.6533818 0.0308159 0.0271555 0.0255136 1.5825873 6.3557668 9.3921125 7.4479E- -2.99617E- -1.0561E-
3 4 2 8 2 3 2 9 6 07 08 07
4.6258327 8.0924137 7.6533818 0.0308159 0.0271555 0.0255136 1.5825873 6.3557668 9.3921125 3.5011E- -2.18783E- -4.4355E-
9 4 3 8 2 3 2 9 6 09 10 10
4.6258327 8.0924137 7.6533818 0.0308159 0.0271555 0.0255136 1.5825873 6.3557668 9.3921125 1.6458E- -1.24372E- -1.9102E-
9 4 3 8 2 3 2 9 6 11 12 12
4.6258327 8.0924137 7.6533818 0.0308159 0.0271555 0.0255136 1.5825873 6.3557668 9.3921125 7.0152E- -1.39744E- -1.8913E-
9 4 3 8 2 3 2 9 6 14 14 14
4.6258327 8.0924137 7.6533818 0.0308159 0.0271555 0.0255136 1.5825873 6.3557668 9.3921125
9 4 3 8 2 3 2 9 6 0 0 0
4.6258327 8.0924137 7.6533818 0.0308159 0.0271555 0.0255136 1.5825873 6.3557668 9.3921125
9 4 3 8 2 3 2 9 6 0 0 0
4.6258327 8.0924137 7.6533818 0.0308159 0.0271555 0.0255136 1.5825873 6.3557668 9.3921125
9 4 3 8 2 3 2 9 6 0 0 0
4.6258327 8.0924137 7.6533818 0.0308159 0.0271555 0.0255136 1.5825873 6.3557668 9.3921125
9 4 3 8 2 3 2 9 6 0 0 0

Qb 1.58   ft 3 /s3 /s)

Q(ft     ∆ P( psi)
Qc 6.36   86 16.23
Qd 9.39   88 16.42
QT 17.33   90 16.61
Análisis de
92 16.79
Sensibilidad:
94 16.97
96 17.15
98 17.33
100 17.51
102 17.68
104 17.85
106 18.02
108 18.19

Análisis de Sensibilidad

18.5
18
17.5
17
Q(ft3/s)

16.5
16
15.5
15
84 89 94 99 104 109 114
∆𝑃(𝑝𝑠𝑖)

EES