UNIT 1: INTRODUCTION TO TRACK AND FIELD

GENERAL POINTS
 Physical activity consists of natural actions, done by man and woman in various ways from the
origins of the species.
 Natural movements.
 Greece: first rules.
 Variety of typologies.
 Track and field is the basic sport.
 Relevant in the Olympic Games.
 Practiced throughout (EN TODO) the whole world.
 Basic for the preparation of every sport.
 Politics and athletics.
 Physical fitness vs Performance: only performance is a mistake.
 Open to research (INVESTIGACIÓN, ESTUDIO) and new concepts.
ATHLETIC PROGRAMS
 Track events.
 Field events: jumping, throwing.
 JUMPS:
 Running phase.
 Take off phase (DESPEGUE).
 Flying phase.
 Landing.
According to the trajectory:
 Vertical.
 Horizontal.
According to the take- off:
 Triple jump. Sakto en la tabla, salto con la misma pierna y tercer salto con la otra
pierna.
 Long jump.
Pasillo que mide de 45 a 60 m.
Causas del nulo:
 Tiempo.
 Pisar delante de la línea.
 Caminar hacia atrás en la arena.

 High jump.
 Pole vault (PÉRTIGA).
They are composed of a running phase, a jumping phase with a take-off, a flying phase and a
landing phase:
  Running phase: it starts gradually, acquiring the maximum speed in the take-off
(BATIDA).
 Flying and landing phase: when the take- off is finished.

 THROWS:
 Preparatory movements.
 Acceleration phase.
 Flying phase.
Classification:
 Shot put (PESO). Menos aerodinámico.
 Diámetro del círculo: 2,135 m. Círculo limitado por un “contenedor” de
madera de 10 cm de altura.
 Peso: 7, 260 kg los hombres y 4 kg las mujeres.
 Lanzamiento obligatorio con una mano y el peso en contacto con el cuello
hasta el final del lanzamiento.
 Tres intentos:
o Es nulo si el artefacto cae fuera de la zona de caída.
o Es nulo si el atleta sale por el semicírculo delantero.
o Es nulo si el atleta sale del círculo antes de que el artefacto caiga.
o Es nulo si el atleta separa el peso del cuello.
PESO MIN PESO COMPETICIÓN DIAMETRO
SENIOR MASC. 7,260 Kgr 7,265 – 7,285 Kg 110 – 130 mm
JUV. Y SENIOR FEM. 4 Kgr 4,005 – 4,025 Kg 95 – 110 mm
JUVENILES MASC. 5 Kgr 5,005 – 5,025 Kg 100 – 120 mm

 Discus. Más aerodinámico.

 Diámetro del círculo: 2,5 m.
 Peso: 2 kg los hombres y 1 kg las mujeres.
 Lanzamiento obligatorio con una mano.
 Tres intentos:
o Es nulo si el artefacto cae fuera de la zona de caída.
o Es nulo si el atleta sale por el semicírculo delantero.
o Es nulo si el atleta sale del círculo antes de que el artefacto caiga.
o
 Javelin. Más aerodinámico.
 Medida: 2,75 m de la rgo.
 Peso: 800 g los hombres y 600 g las mujeres.
 Es nulo si el artefacto cae fuera de la zona de caída.
 Es nulo si el atleta sale por la zona delantera.
 Es nulo si la jabalina no cae primero con la parte anterior.
 Si la jabalina se rompe, se repite el lanzamiento.
 Hammer. Menos aerodinámico.
 Diámetro de la bola: 110 mm.
 Peso: incluyendo las cadenas y el mango, 7,260 kg los hombres y 4 kg las
 mujeres.
 Es nulo si el artefacto cae fuera del sector.
 Es nulo si el atleta cae por delante del círculo.
 Race walking.
 Combined events:
 Indoor season.
 Outdoor season.

UNIT 2: ATHLETIC STAGES

 Stage 1: iniciation.
 Crisis 4-6 and 14-16.
 Emotional stablity period.
 Child open to learn new things.
 Ideal for learning sports.
 Multidisciplinary.
 Stage 2: improvement.
 13 and 15.
 Child suffer disruptions (ALTERACIONES) in his body.
 Puberty: difficult and confusing stage.
 Any kind of teaching is difficult.
 Stage 3: specialization (DON´T STUDY).
 Stage 4: high performance (DON´T STUDY).
 Stage 5: long life athletics.
 Competitions are the base.
UNIT 3: FLAT RACES
STARTING BLOCK START
The dominant foot must be in the advance block.
The non-dominant foot must be in the delayed block.
The position in the block start is:
 Hands behind the line, more open than shoulders (HOMBROS).
 Thumb (PULGAR) in opposition to other fingers.
 Head along the trunk.
 Back leg´s knee (RODILLA) on the floor.
Next step is the departure (shot).
Stride (PASO): full cycle race. Since the support of one foot until it is repeated.
Step: half cycle race. Since the support of one foot until the support of the next.

RELEVOS
El testigo va por la calle del centro.
Anteriormente existía una zona de cambio de 20 metros y una prozona de 10 metros.
Actualmente, las dos zonas van juntas.
Las curvas se realizan por dentro y las rectas por fuera.
Recepción con la mano izquierda.

HURDLE RACES
The objective of the hurdle race is to minimize deviations from normal sprinting. In fact, hurdles are not
jumped, but they are passed over. In order to achieve this, the athlete should try to reduce the time of the
flying phase. The center of gravity (CG) should not rise nor fall too much, and stepping over the hurdle
should just look like a wider stride than normal.
100 and 110 m hurdles is a sprint event: 8 steps to the first hurdles 3 steps between hurdles.
Impulse leg.
Trail leg.
Starting as in flat races, but normally with the weak leg forwarded: STRONG LEG IN THE BACK
BLOCK.
The body has to lean forward at the take-off.