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Puente de Losa Sobre Vigas de Concreto1
Puente de Losa Sobre Vigas de Concreto1
FACULTAD DE INGENIERA
ESCUELA DE CIVIL
DEPARTAMENTO DE ESTRUCTURAS
PUENTES
PUENTE DE LOSA
SOBRE VIGAS DE CONCRETO
Alumnos:
Orellana Eleazar
Ramrez Jean
Sosa Alberto
Docente:
Fernando Sarmiento
Mrida, Mayo del 2003.
Nmero de vigas
At =(n-1) S +2 V
2.5 S 3.5
0.25 S V 0.35 S
No Cumple
Suponemos 4 vigas
11 = (4-1) S + 2 V
S = 3.05 m
S = 3.00 m
V = 1.00 m
Dimensiones de la viga
hv 1.35
0.45 m
3
3
1.22 m
18
18
O.K.
Como L = 19 m > 12 m
hs 1.0
0.33 0.35 m
3
3
S 3.05
0.165
30
eL =
2.55 3.05
0.19 m > 0.165 m
30
Anlisis de carga
CARGAS PERMANENTES POR METRO
2.25Pd Lc
0.71
L
2
4.27Pd
Pd = P x FNV x FR x (1+I)
Factor de Rueda
FR = S/1.83 para S 3.05 m puentes de ms de 1 trocha
FR = 3/1.83 = 1.64
Factor de Impacto
I=
15
0.30
Lc 38
I=
15
0.26
19.25 38
Mmx mximorum =
0.71
19.25
2
4.27 x17998
= 147845 kg-m
Mu 1.3
5
1 .3
5
Mcp Mcv
140548 147845 = 558937 kg-m
0. 9
3
0. 9
3
S = 3.0 m
Be
Lc/4 = 4.81
Bw + 12 eL = 0.45+12 x 0.19 =2.73
Be = 2.73 m
As Vi = 111 cm2
VIGA EXTERNA
CARGAS PERMANENTES
- Peso Propio de la viga = ................(1.35-0.19) x 0.45 x 2400 kg/m 3 = 1253 kg/m.
- Reaccin de la viga = . ..................................................................... = 2767 kg/m.
- Peso propio separador = .........(1.0-0.19) x 0.35 x 2400 kg/m 3 /2 = 867.5 Kg.
FR = Y1+ Y2
1
Y1
3.0 2.99
Y1 = 0.997
1
Y2
3.0 1.16
Y2 = 0.387
FR = 0.997+0.387 =1.38
I = 0.26
Camin HS-20
Mmx mx =
2.25Pd Lc
0.71
L
2
4.27Pd
Pd = P x FNV x FR x (1+I)
Pd = 7258 x 1.20 x 1.38 x (1+0.26) = 15145 kg
Mmx mximorum =
0.71
19.25
2
4.27 x15145
= 124410 kg-m
Mu 1.3
5
1 .3
5
Mcp Mcv
190382 124410 = 574503 kg-m
0 .9
3
0
.
9
3
Be = 2.37 m
As Ve = 114.6 cm2
As max As min
< 10 %
As min
114 .6 111
3.28 %
111
DISEO DE LA LOSA
CARGAS PERMANENTES
Mcv
S = Luz Libre
S = 3 2x 0.45/2 = 2.55 m
2.55 0.60
x7258 1876 kg-m
9.75
Mcv
VOLADO DE LA LOSA
CASO I (CARGA DE IMPACTO)
O.K.
Brazo = 0.81+
eLosa
0.19
epav = 0.81+
0.05 0.96 m
2
2
X = 1 - 0.16 -
0.45
0.615 m
2
Mcv =
4332
4332
2149 kg-m
E
2.016
Mcv =
545
545
453 kg-m
E
1.203
X
.375m
294 kg/m x .375 m x
20.67 kg-m
2
2
VOLADO
r = 3 cm + /2
d = eL (3 + /2)
Usando 1/2 = 1.27 cm
r = 3 + 1.27/2 = 3.64 cm
d = 15.36 cm
Usando 5/8 = 1.59 cm
r = 3 + 1.59/2 = 3.8 cm
d = 15.20 cm
Mu 1.3
5
1. 3
5
Mcp Mcv
963 2149 x1.2 = 7600 kg-m
0.9
3
0
.
9
3
1/2
S=
5/8
S=
1.27 x100
9.70 cm
13.09
1.98 x100
14.92 cm
13.27
Tramos Interiores
(Acero Negativo)
Mcv = 1875 kg-m
FI = 0.26
Mu 1.3
5
1.3
5
Mcp Mcv
355 1875 x1.2x1.26 = 7338 kg-m
0. 9
3
0. 9
3
Usando = 1.27 cm
r = 3 + 1.27/2 = 3.64 cm
d = 15.36 cm
As - = 12.62 cm2/m
S=
1.27 x100
10.06 cm
12.62
1.27 x100
15.53 cm
12.75
Usar 5/8 @ 15 cm
Volado 5/8 @ 15 cm
198
13.2 cm2/m
15
1.27 x100
1014 cm
0.07
(Acero Positivo)
Mu 1.3
5
1.3
5
Mcp Mcv
315 1875 x1.2x1.26 = 7280 kg-m
0. 9
3
0. 9
3
Usando = 1.27 cm
r = 3 + 1.27/2 = 3.64 cm
d = 15.36 cm
As - = 12.48 cm2/m
S=
1.27 x100
10.18 cm
12.48
1.27 x100
15.66 cm
12.64
Usar 5/8 @ 15 cm
0.71x100
18 cm
3. 8
Usar 3/8 @ 18 cm
Acero de Reparticin
Longitudinal Inferior
% As rep =
% As rep =
121
S
< 67 %
121
2.55
= 75.77% > 67 %
1.27 x100
15 cm
8.47
Usar 1/2 @ 15 cm
CARGAS PERMANENTES
- Peso Propio de la viga = ................(1.35-0.19) x 0.45 x 2400 kg/m 3 = 1253 kg/m.
- Reaccin de la viga = . ..................................................................... = 2764 kg/m.
- Peso propio separador = ..........(1.0-0.19) x 0.35 x 2400 kg/m 3 /2 = 867.5 Kg.
Fuerza Cortante
Vcr = 38693 4020 X
Vsep =
434 de 0 a L/2
-434 de L/2 a L
Momento Flector
Mcr = 38693 X -
Msep = 434 X
4020 2
X
2
de 0 a L/2
434 X 868(X-9.625)
de L/2 a L
CARGA VIVA
HS 20 + 20%
Fuerza cortante
V(x)I =
2.25P
(L X 2.85 )
L
V(x)II =
2P
(L X 2.135 )
L
L 8.54 X L 4.27
V(x)III =
P
(L X)
L
Momento (Envolvente)
M(x) =
2.25P
(L X 2.85)X
L
M(x) =
2.25P
P
(L X 1.42)X x 4.27
L
4
Mu
572800kg m
119 .59
24 1
5.08
N .C. =
CHEQUEO:
Y
14.16cm
N .C. =
118 .67
23.36 = 24 1
5.08
14
14
.b.d
* 35 * 120 14cm2 31"
Fy
4200
0.06.Ab.Fy
88.34cm
f' c
0.006.Fy.db 64cm
Ld =
30cm
Por lo tanto Ld = 88 cm
% de As Solapado = 50%
Asprovisto
Asrequerido
1.15 m
1.02
T d a / 2
411700 kg.m
100
T d a / 2
411700 kg.m
100
La 12.db 30.48cm
La d 122cm
La Lc / 16 120cm
Peso de tablero:
Barandas.................2*770*19.50
= 30030 kg
Pavimento...............0.05*19.5*(11-0.8-1.20)*2400 = 21060 kg
Acera.......................0.18*19.50*1.20*2400
= 10109 kg
Losa.........................0.19*19.50*11*2500
=101888 kg
Vigas........................4*0.45*1.16*19.50*2400
=97719 kg
Separadores............9*0.35*0.81*2.55*2400
=15616 kg
276422 kg
para 4 vigas= 34553 kg/viga
Westribo = 276422/2 = 138211 kg
para 3 sep. = 46071 kg/Gato
fc = 210 kg/cm2
fy = 4200 kg/cm2
d = 100-10.4 = 89.6 cm
b = 35 cm
Mu 1.3
0.9
5 1 + 2 3/8
Calculo de los Estribos:
Vu 1.3 * 34553
49910 .kg
0.85
Vc = 0.53*210*35*89.6 = 24086 kg
Vs = 49910 24086 = 25824 kg
Tomando estribos de 2 ramas de 3/8, tenemos:
Ar = 1.42 cm2
Sep
Ar.fy.d
20.69.cm
Vs
Caso 2
Caso 3
Casos Asimtricos
Caso 1
Caso 2
CASOS SIMTRICOS
Vmax =P
Mmax+ = 2.95 P
Mmax- = 1.15 P
CASOS SIMTRICOS
Vmax =P
Mmax+ = 2.95 P
Mmax - = 1.15 P
FACTOR LONGITUDINAL.-
Fl = (1+0.556+0.556/4)*P = 1.695 P
Factor de impacto = Fi = 0.30
FNV = 1.20
Cargas Permanentes:
W=
PPseparador
S
0 .9
3
rec. = 12 cm
d = 88 cm
0.9
3
rec. = 7.86 cm
d = 100-7.86 = 92.14 cm
As- = 14.71 cm2 3 1
Acero de Paramento.AsParamento = 0.1* Asmax = 0.1*37.77 Asparamento = 3.78 cm2
2 5/8 = 3.96 cm2
Calculo de los Estribos:
Vu
1 .3
5
0.85
3
Vc = 0.53*210*35*92.14 = 24769 kg
Vs = 90630 24769 = 65861 kg
Tomando estribos de 3 ramas de 1/2, tenemos:
Ar = 3.81 cm2
Sep
Ar. fy.d
22.39.cm
Vs
Lc = 19.25 m ; H =
1
1
Lc * 19.25 H 6.42.mts ; At = 11 mts ;
3
3
Reaccin de vigas :
Rcm = 39127 Kg
Rcm sobre muro =
Rcv(sin impacto) =
39127 * 4
14228. Kg / m.de.muro
11
2.25Pd
Lc 2.85
Lc
Pd = 7258*1.2*1.38 Pd = 12019.30 kg
Rcv =
2.25 * 12019.30
19.25 2.85 Rcv 23040.kg
19.25
4
Rcv sobre. muro 23040 *
Rcv 8378.Kg / m.de.muro
11
SUELO:
adm. = 2.5 Kg/cm2 = 25 Tn/m2
= 32o
Zona Sismica 3
Ao = 0.3 g
Csh = 0.5*Ao Csh = 0.15
Csv= 2*Csh/3 Csv= 0.10
Donde:
Csh : coefic. Sismico horizontal
Csv : coefic. Sismico vertical
H :altura prom. De la pila
N: dimensin del asiento de apoyo
N= 40 + Lc/4 + 1.0 H
N = 40 +19.25/4 = 45 cm
Mom.Estabilizantes 2.5
Mom.Volcantes
Fuerzas.Estabilizantes 1.5
Fuerzas.Deslizantes
F .S . DESLIZAM .
Empuje de Tierras:
1 Sen
Cos 2
sen( ) sen ( i )
Cos .Cos .Cos 1
cos( ) cos(i )
arctg
Csh
9.46 o
(1 Csv )
Kas = 0.415
1
1
.H .Ka Ea * 1.8 * 6.42 2 0.307 Ea 11.39.Tn / m
2
2
0.06 * Lc
0.06 * 19.25
Wl
0.105.T / m
ATABLERO
11
SISMO EN LA SUPERESTRUCTURA.
Peso tablero = 276422 Kg
20506.65
1864.2.kg / m 1.86.Tn / m
11
1.86 * (6.42 1.38) Ms S .e. 9.37.Tn.m / m
Ws s .e 0.15 * 136711
Ms S . e.
MURO:
Figura
Peso (Tn/m)
XA mts
Momento est. MA
(t.m/m)
CONCRETO
P1
P2
P3
P4
P5
P6
4.752
0.830
0.353
0.432
0.893
6.912
1.725
2.013
2.15
2.25
2.10
2.25
8.197
1.671
0.759
0.972
1.875
15.552
2.077
2.29
2.40
3.32
2.042
2.617
1.608
71.148
TIERRA
P7
P8
P9
P10
0.983
1.143
0.670
21.43
38.398.Tn / m
106.441.Tn.m / m
Y(cg) MURO = 1.81 mts.
1.69 1.5
11.39
F .S .VOLCAMIENTO
F .S . DESLIZAMIENTO
M .est. M .vol .
106.44 24.38
a
2.137.m
F .estab.
38.40
P
4l 6a
L2
P
2 6a 2 L
L
max .
min
38.40
4 * 4.5 6 * 2.137 9.82.t / m 2 adm. 25.t / m 2
4.5 2
38.40
max .
min .
2.31 1.5
1 * (1 * 11.39)
F .S .VOLCAMIENTO
F .S . DESLIZAMIENTO
M .est. M .vol .
106.44 24.54 14.45 24.38
a
1.984.m
F .estab.
38.40 14.23 8.378
P
4l 6a
L2
P
2 6a 2 L
L
max .
min
61.008
4 * 4.5 6 * 1.984 18.37.t / m 2 adm. 25.t / m 2
2
4.5
61.008
max .
min .
1 * (1 * ( 24.54 106.44))
4.91 2.5
24.38 2.32
52.63 * 0.5
2.24 1.5
11.39 0.372
F .S .VOLCAMIENTO
F .S . DESLIZAMIENTO
M .est. M .vol .
24.54 106.44 24.38 2.32
a
1.981.m
F .estab.
14.228 38.40
L
L
4.5
L
a e
1.981 0.269 0.75
2
6
2
6
P
max . 2 4l 6a
L
P
min 2 6a 2 L
L
e
52.63
4 * 4.5 6 * 1.981 15.91.t / m 2 adm. * 1.25 31.25.t / m 2
4.5 2
52.63
max .
min .
2.43 1.5
11 .39 0.3 * 0.372 0.105 0.241
F .S .VOLCAMIENTO
F .S . DESLIZAMIENTO
0.5
0.4
57.52
4 * 4.5 6 * 2.043 16.31.t / m 2 adm. * 1.25 31.25.t / m 2
4.5 2
57.52
max .
min .
Sismo superestructura
Sismo Muro
24.54 106.44
2.51 2.5
24.38 15.45 9.37 3.848
49.19 * 0.5
1.30 1.5
11.39 3.61 1.86 2.126
F .S .VOLCAMIENTO
F .S . DESLIZAMIENTO
49.19
4 * 4.5 6 * 1.586 20.61.t / m 2 adm. * 1.33 33.25.t / m 2
4.5 2
49.19
max .
min .
Por lo tanto cumple por esfuerzo sobre el terreno, pero falla por Estabilidad
por lo que se requiere la Utilizacin de un Dentellon.
Mu = 1.3*(1.3*17.78+12.52+8.184+2.93)
Mu 60.77
67.53.tn.m / m
0.90
b 100.cm
d 57.cm.(rec. 7cm)
f ' c 210.kg / cm
2
. As 30.07.cm / m
Fy 4200.kg / cm
@ 9 cm
Vu = 1.3*(1.*9.23+3.25+1.86+7.26) = 31.68 tn/m
Mu = 60.77 tn.m/m
Vu
31.68
37.27.tn / m
0.85
Vu
37271
6.54 0.53 *
.b.d 100 * 57
210 7.68
Mu = 1.3*(1.3*4.22+2.98+4.092+1.36)
Mu = 18.09 tn.m/m
Mu 18.09
20.10.tn.m / m
0.90
b 100.cm
d 45.5.cm.(rec. 7cm)
f ' c 210.kg / cm
Fy 4200.kg / cm
As min
2
. As 10.82.cm / m
2
2
14
14
.b.d
* 100 * 45.5 As min . 15.17cm 2 / m
Fy
4200
@ 18 cm
19.46
22.90.tn / m
0.85
Vu
22898
5.03 0.53 *
.b.d 100 * 45.5
210 7.68
1/2 @ 12 cm
As. Vertical.As.vertical = 0.0012*b*t
As.vertical = 0.0012*100*55 = 6.6 cm2/m
1/2 @ 19 cm
Acero de la Puntera:
35752.89.kg .m
0.90
puntera
b 100.cm
d 64 7 57.cm
r 7.cm
2
As 15.43.cm / m
f ' c 210.kg / cm 2
Fy 4200.kg / cm 2
14
* 100 * 57 19.cm 2 / m
4200
Como. As As min , Entonces :
As min
Aspuntera = 19 cm2/m
3/4 @ 14 cm
5.54 7.68
.b.d
0.85 * 100 * 57
19.357 * 2.36
11.41.tn / m 2
4.5
*
.M 17.72.tn.m
2
2
2
3
M 22.57 * 1.18
Mu 1.69 * 17720
33275.kg .m
0.90
b 100.cm
d 64 7 57.cm
2
r 7.cm
As 14.32.cm / m
f ' c 210.kg / cm 2
Fy 4200.kg / cm 2
14
* 100 * 57 19.cm 2 / m
4200
Como. As As min , Entonces :
As min
Aspuntera = 19 cm2/m
3/4 @ 14 cm
Acero por Corte:
5.54 7.68
.b.d
0.85 * 100 * 57
Acero de Distribucin:
As Distribucion 0.0012 * b * t 0.0012 * 100 * 60 7.2.cm 2 / m
1/2 @ 16 cm
DISEO DEL ESPOLN O DENTELLON.1 sen
3.255
1 sen
1
1
Ep . . H 2 .Kp * 1.8 * h 2 * 3.255 Ep 2.93.h 2
2
2
Kp
2
Vu
5390
1.67 7.38
.b.d 0.85 * 100 * 38
No. Re quiere.Estribos
0.90
2
6
Mu
1.70.tn.m
b 100.cm
d 38.cm
2
As 1.07.cm / m
f ' c 210.kg / cm
Fy 4200.kg / cm 2
2
1/2 @ 30 cm