Documentos de Académico
Documentos de Profesional
Documentos de Cultura
(y 2)
Que Ocurri? (1 de 3)
Barbacoas Pluspetrol
Barrancas Repsol, Ahora PDVSA
San Carlos Petrobras
Tinaco Petrobras
Tiznado Pluspetrol
Yucal Placer Norte Total (69,5%), Repsol (15%), Inepetrol (10,1%), Otepi (5,4%)
Yucal Placer Sur Total (69,5%), Repsol (15%), Inepetrol (10,1%), Otepi (5,4%)
Paraguana
Plataforma Deltana
Referencias:
Informes de Gestin PDVSA varios aos
AVIH
AVPG
Mapas Petroguia
Que Ocurri? (2 de 3)
El gobierno nacional reconoce que hay una falta de gas por tubera de
unos 2.000 millones de pies cbicos diarios (Mpc/d)
La actividad exploratoria por gas natural libre hasta la fecha ha sido tmida,
por lo que los resultados exploratorios han sido muy modestos. En el rea
del proyecto Rafael Urdaneta (Golfo de Venezuela) a la fecha se han
declarado 4 xitos exploratorios en las reas de Repsol-ENI
Fuente: PDVSA
Recursos de GasProspectos de GasProfundo
Natural Offshore Natural
73 + 74 = 147 tcf
Fuente: PDVSA
Otras cifras!
98 tcf
Otras cifras!
108 tcf
Referencia: PDVSA, publicacin Avance Socialista, febrero 2010
Prospectos de Petrleo y Gas Natural en tierra
195,1 tcf
totales
36,3 tcf
desarrolladas
Apenas el
18,6%
No se incrementa la produccin del gas en por bombona, con lo que hay que
reducir su exportacin para atender el mercado interno
El resto del M.I. (5.200 Mpc/d) puede ser suplido con el gas Costa Afuera de
Oriente y la produccin de gas del rea de Anaco (Para hacer la estimacin se
usaron los porcentajes de utilizacin de 1998, lo que representa un importante
desarrollo de todos los sectores, que hasta la fecha han estado limitados)
Estimados de consumo (2 de 3)
tcf Mpc/d
Elctrico, por expansin termoelctrica en 8.400 MW 15 3.736,0
Por el aumento de la produccin en 2,3 Mb/d 11 2.739,7
Petroqumico, por aumento en la produccin en 25 Mtma 10 2.490,7
Referencia: http://www.eia.gov/analysis/studies/worldshalegas/pdf/fullreport.pdf
Estimados de reservas de shale gas
2009 Natural Gas Market1 Technically
(tillion cubic feet, dry basis) Recoverable
Shale Gas
Proved Natural Gas Resources
Imports Reserves2 (trillion cubic
Production Consumption (Exports) (trillion cubic feet) feet)
South
America
Venezuela 0.65 0.71 9% 178.9 11*
Colombia 0.37 0.31 (21%) 4.0 19
Argentina 1,46 1.52 4% 13.4 774
Brazil 0.36 0.66 45% 12.9 226
Chile 0.05 0.10 52% 3.5 64
Uruguay - 0.00 100% 21
Paraguay - - 62
Bolivia 0.45 0.10 (346%) 26.5 48
Referencia: http://www.eia.gov/analysis/studies/worldshalegas/
* En las formaciones La Luna y Capacho (Ver apndice A-3)
Ubicacin de las shale gas en Venezuela
Una Aclaratoria Necesaria
The estimates of technically recoverable shale gas resources
represents a moderately conservative risked resource for the
basins reviewed. These estimates are uncertain given the
relatively sparse data that currently exist and the approach the
consultant has employed would likely result in a higher
estimate once better information is available.
Referencia: http://www.eia.gov/analysis/studies/worldshalegas/pdf/fullreport.pdf
Una Aclaratoria Necesaria (2)
Risked Gas In-Place estimate is derived by first estimating the amount of gas
in-place resource for a prospective area within the basin, and then de-rating that
gas in-place by factors that, in the consultants expert judgment, account for the
current level of knowledge of the resource and the capability of the technology to
eventually tap into the resource. The resulting estimate is referred to as the risked
gas in-place.
Determining the risked gas in-place consists of the following specific steps:
1. Conduct a preliminary review of the basin and select the shale gas formations
to be assessed.
2. Determine the areal extent of the shale gas formations within the basin and
estimate its overall thickness, in addition to other parameters.
3. Determine the prospective area deemed likely to be suitable for development
based on a number of criteria and application of expert judgment.
4. Estimate the gas in-place as a combination of free gas and adsorbed gas
5. Establish and apply a composite success factor made up of two parts. The first
part is a play success probability factor which takes into account the results from
current shale gas activity as an indicator of how much is known or unknown about
the shale formation. The second part is a prospective area success factor, which
takes into account a set of factors (e.g., geologic complexity and lack of access)
that could limit portions of the prospective area from development. that is
contained within the prospective area.
Una Aclaratoria Necesaria (y 3)
The basic recovery generally ranged from 20 percent to 30 percent, with some
outliers of 15 percent and 35 percent being applied in exceptional cases. The
selected recovery factor based on prior experience in how production occurs, on
average.
Production costs were not estimated for any of the basins. The costs of
production could be greatly impacted by a number of factors including the
availability of existing infrastructure, availability and cost of adequately trained
labor, availability and cost of equipment such as rigs and pumping equipment, the
geologic features of the fields within the play such as depth and thickness, and a
number of other factors that affect the direct costs of production.
Estimated production costs for each of the basins would also need to be
considered in order to estimate the potential future production of shale gas given a
future price.
Conversin de gas metano en lquidos
Some 110,000 barrels of oil equivalent per day of expected production from Prelude should
underpin at least 5.3 million tonnes per annum (mt/a) of liquids, comprising 3.6 mt/a of LNG,
1.3 mt/a of condensate and 0.4 mt/a of liquefied petroleum gas. The FLNG facility will stay
permanently moored at the Prelude gas field for 25 years, and in later development phases
should produce from other fields in the area where Shell has an interest.
El campo de produccin y procesamiento en un barco!
Produccion de 3.6 millones de toneladas de LNG
anuales, ademas de 0,4 Mt/a de LPG y 1,3 Mt/a de
condensados: 110.000 bep/d. Total final 3.0 tcf
http://www.abc.net.au/pm/content/2011/s3222810.htm
Conversin de gas metano en lquidos
La Perla producir 120.000 barriles por da (b/d) de condensado, GLP y etano adems de
140.000 (b/d) de productos derivados del proceso GTL (diesel, kerosene, nafta, jet fuel y
aceites lubricantes).
http://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=newsarchive&sid=a4fBz4gIVgHE
Industrializacin del gas natural-Shell en Qatar
http://www.shell.com/home/content/aboutshell/our_strategy/major_projects_2/pearl/ships_first_products/
Industrializacin del gas natural-Shell en Qatar
Diego J. Gonzlez C
Caracas, 19 de octubre 2011
gonzalezdw@gmail.com
DJGC