I.

ECUACIONES DIFERENCIALES ORDINARIAS

1)
x+ y
dy e −x− y
=
dx x+ y
Solución:
z=x + y
dz dy
=1+
dx dx
dy dz
= −1
dx dx

x+ y
dy e −x− y
=
dx x+ y
z
dz e −z
−1=
dx z
z
dz e −z
= +1
dx z
z
dz e −z + z
=
dx z
z
dz e
=
dx z
z
∫ e z dz=∫ dx
−z+1
z
=x +c
e
−x+ y+ 1
x+ y
=x + c
e

2)
dy dz dy dy dz dz dz dz
=( 2 x + y ) +2 z=2 x+ y =1+ ; = −1 −1=z + 2 =z +3 ∫ 2 =∫ dx
2 2 2
dx dx dx dx dx dx dx z +3
2 x + y tan ( x +c )
1
√3
arctan
( )z
√3
=x +c tan
(
1
√3
arctan
(
2x+ y
√3 ))
=tan ( x+ c ) √ 3
=

√3
1

tan ( x +c )
y= √ 3 −2 x
1 3)
√3
dy dz dy dy dz dz dz
=4 + √ y−4 x+ 8 z = y−4 x+ 8 =1+ ; = −1 −1=4+ √ z =√ z +5
dx dx dx dx dx dx dx
dz
∫ √ z+5 =∫ dx2 ( 5+√ z−5 ln|5+ √ z|) =x+ c
2 ( 5+ √ y−4 x +8−5 ln|5+ √ y−4 x+ 8|) =x+ c−2 x )

4)

dy 2 dz dy dy dz dz 2 dz 2
=( x+ y+ 4 ) y ( 1 )=1 z=x + y +4 =1+ ; = −1 −1=z =z +1
dx dx dx dx dx dx dx
dz
∫ z 2+ 1 =∫ dxarctan ( z ) =x+ ctan ⁡¿x + y +4=tan ( x+ c ) y=tan ( x+ c )−x−4
1=tan ( 1+c )−5c=1.40564 …+ πn−1

5)

dy 2 x+ y dz dy dy dz dz z dz z dz 2 z +3
= z=2 x + y =1+ ; = −1 −1= = +1 =
dx 2 x + y +3 dx dx dx dx dx z+3 dx z +3 dx z +3
dz
∫ z +3 =∫ dx ln ( 2 x+ y+ 3 )=x +c y=e x+c −2 x−3