Eje 2 Grammar R

EJE TEMÁTICO 2 – Compra y venta: acerca de las transacciones con los bienes.
Grammar reference and practice

En esta sección usted encontrará ejercicios para practicar aspectos de la
gramática tratados en el eje. También aparecen explicaciones adicionales a
las ya provistas y por último, al finalizar la sección, usted encontrará
las claves de autocorrección para los ejercicios.
Recuerde consultar la bibliografía sobre todo en lo que se refiere a sitios en
Internet donde puede encontrar más ejercitación sobre estos temas de
gramática.
Nouns and adjetives
1. Cat, cats: singular and plural nouns
Plurals: s ending
one dog two dogs
one apple two apples
one boy two boys
To make a singular noun plural, add s.
Practice
1a. Complete the list, usinf these nouns and the pictures:
girl pencil telephone
bird cup camera banana
newspaper chair spoon
Tasador y Martillero Público - Inglés Técnico 1

1
1 three bananas 6
2 two newspapers 7
3 8
4 9
5 10
Plurals: other spellings
one baby two babies
Words ending in consonant + y: change y I + es
a match two matches

a box two boxes
a brush two brushes
a glass two glasses
a bus two buses
Words ending in ch, x, sh, ss, s: add es.

We add es to a few words ending in o:
a potato two potatoes, a tomato two tomatoes
Irregular plurals
a man two men

a woman two women
a child two children
a person two people
a foot two feet
a tooth two teeth
Practice
1b. write the plurals.
adress Adresses eye orange

mountain mountains bag person
lkorry box church
waitress school egg
secretary lunch apple

2
sandwich city day

child hotel boy
match watch glass
flower animal dish
vegetable fly beach
family bus dress
dictionary man foot
2. a, an: indefinite article
It’s a present.
It’s a lovely day
We use a before consonants:

Are you a doctor?
Consonants
b f j m q t x
c g k n r v y
d h l p s w z
Here’s an orange.
He’s an old man now.
We use an before vowels:

I’m an English teacher.
Vowels
a e i o u

3
Practice
2.1. Complete the sentences using a or an.
1. It’s a a…new book. 6. He’s waiter.

2. She’s an English teacher. 7. It’s ugly house.
3. Are you student? 8. Here’s ticket for the play.
4. Britain is island. 9. They’re at restaurant.
5. He’s good worker. 10. It’s not easy language.
3. there is, there are
There’s a cat in the garden.

There are twenty students in the class.
Is there a hotel near here?
Are there a lot of tourist in your town?
There is, there’s + singular noun.

There are + plural noun.
Question forms:
Is there…?
Are there…?
Practice
3.1. Complete the sentences using there’s, there are, is there or are there.
1. There’s a beach down here.

2. There are four girls and two boys in her family.
3. a train to Manchester?
4. a new disco near the college.
5. a good restaurant in this street?
6. two hospitals in town.
7. a lot of children in the pool?
8. three families in that house.
9. a television in the flat?
10. a big grey cloud over there.

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3.2. Questions and answers
Match the questions and answers.
1 How many rooms are there? A Yes, there is.

2 Is there a lamp in the bedroom? B No, there aren't.
3 Where is my bag? C There are three.
4 Are there any sofas? D It's in the bedroom.
5 Where do you live? E Yes, it's next to the bank.
6 Is there a cinema near here? F Near the harbour.
3.3. Put the words in the correct order.
1 In cooker a There's the kitchen.
2 in Are books any there the room?
3 TV a in isn't bedroom. the There
4 many How photos there? are
5 There pictures. any aren't
6 a there Is garden?
7 decent is there near restaurant a here ?
8 posters the wall there any are on?
9 papers desk aren´t any there his on
10 reason there changes the is for good a
11 old there a isn´t building because it´s lift an
12 plane there the doctor a is on ?

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4. I know her: subject and object pronouns
Subject Verb Object

I see them.
She knows me.
We don’t like It.
We also use object pronouns after prepositions:

Do you live with them?
Jenny works with him.
Subject pronouns
I you she he it we they
Objects pronouns
me you her him it us them
Practice
4.1. Click in the word for select the correct pronouns.
1. Can you help us with these bags?

2. We usually see they at the weekend.
3. How did you teach he to read?
4. I write to she once a month.
5. He loved she very much but she didn’t love he/him.
6. Why did you ask they to come? I don’t like they .
7. I don’t think she understands I .
8. Please don’t wait for we .
9. Did they / them tell she the news?
10. Would you like to come with I ?
4.2. Complete these sentences with me, you, her, it us or them.
1. I can’t open this door. Could you open it for me, please?
2. Those shoes are really nice. I’d like to buy them .

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3. “Did you see Jonathon last night?” “No, I phoned but he wasn’t there.”
4. I can’t do this homework. Can you help ?
5. I asked a question but you didn’t answer .
6. We’re not ready. Please give some more time.
7. She speaks very quickly. I can’t understand .
8. I’m sorry about your birthday. I’m afraid I forgot about .
9. Jill’s a very nice woman: Do you know ?
10. My parents are coming this weekend. Would you like to meet ?
11. They’re not married now. She left a year ago.
12. “Where’s your passport?” “I don’t know. I can’t find .”
13. My mother writes to me every week but I don’t write to very often.
14. Were you at the meeting last night? I didn’t see there.
15. We want to help you. Please tell about your problems.
5. nice, big, beautiful: adjectives
It's a beautiful day.

My teacher is very young.
It's an expensive restaurant.
They're very friendly people.
Adjectives usually come before nouns:

It's an expensive restaurant.
Adjectives can also come after the verb to be:

My teacher is very young.
An adjective does not change. It is always the same for singular, plural, masculine and
feminine nouns.
a clever girl clever girls
a clever boy clever boys
Practice
5.1. Write sentences with an adjective and a noun.
1 small / rooms
The rooms are small. They’are small rooms.
2 not / long / story
It's not a long story. The story’s not long.

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3 happy / children
4 dirty / restaurant
5 heavy / books
6 cold / house
7 quiet / village
8 not / cheap / clothes
9 pretty / garden
10 difficult / language
6. my, your, her, his … : possessive adjectives
That's my daughter.
Is this your book?
This is her office.
I've got their phone number.
Personal Possessive
pronouns adjectives
I my
you your
she her
he his
it its
we our
they their
Notes

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my, your, her, his, its, our, their do not change. They are the same with singular and
plural nouns:
Here's my book. I like their car.
Here are my books. I like their cars.
The possessive its has no apostrophe ('):

The cat likes its food.
NOT The cat likes it's food.
Practice
6.1. Complete the sentences with my, your, her, his, its, our or their.
1. Alison is doing her homework.

2. Do you live with your parents?
3. We love new house.
4. He's in office.
5. The children are with grandmother.
6. I like new job.
7. Are you and your sister enjoying English classes?
8. Amsterdam is famous for canals.
9. She's with boyfriend.
10. They haven't got umbrellas.
11. She's in bedroom.
12. He's looking for shoes.
13. I like visiting friends at the weekend.
14. Are the teachers having meeting now?
15. Have you got passport?
7. Sylvia's mother: the possessive with 's
This is Derek's bike.

Anne's paintings are beautiful.
The doctor's surgery is in that street.
That's the cat's bowl
For people and sometimes animals, add ‘s for possession.

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Notes
After a singular name or noun, the possessive is always ‘s:
This is Sue's bag.
These are Sue's bags.
When the name is plural and ends in s, add ‘:

My parents' flat is quite small.
The girls' bedroom is upstairs.
When the name is plural but does not end in s, add ‘s:
The children's coats are here.
The men's toilets are closed.
Emma and Paul's car is outside.
We also use 's with time words:

A week's holiday, today's weather, yesterday’s newspaper
And we use s' with plural time words:

Two weeks' holiday
Practice
7.1. Write the sentences again using the names in brackets.
1 These are her books. (Anne)

These are Anne's books.
2 Where is his coat? (Andrew)
Where is Andrew’s coat?
3 Is that his car? (your brother)
4 It’s on her desk. (the teacher)
5 Its dinner is here. (the dog)
6 Her children are at school now. (Judy)
7 It's her idea. (my wife)

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8 Its leg is broken. (that bird)
9 His new bike is really good. (Jeff)
10 Here's her telephone number. (the doctor)
7.2. Write the sentences with the apostrophe (') in the correct place.
1 These are Susans keys

These are Susan's keys.
2 I like your husbands haircut.
I like your husband's haircut.
3 Those are Robert and Sarahs children.
4 There is a teachers meeting on Mondays.
5 Are the childrens coats in the car?
6 The mens clothes are upstairs.
7 Alices mother is very ill.
8 We have a months holiday in the summer.
9 The students exams start next week.
10 This is my mothers dress.
8. Present Simple.
8.1. present simple [+] and [–] (2)
Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verb. Use contractions where
possible.

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1. They (not like) hamburgers.

2. She (live) in a big house.
3. My parents (not have) a car.
4. I (not speak) Italian very well.
5. He (drink) tea and coffee.
6. We (study) English at the International school.
7. I football and tennis. (like)
8. They at 8.00. (get up)
9. The bus at 8.30. (leave)
10. She in an office. (not work)
11. Does he French? (speak)
12. He never lunch in a restaurant. (have)
8.2. Put the words in the correct order.
1 Do you computer play games?
2 Stephen Where does live?
3 smoke? parents Do your
4 like father animals? your Does
5 speak teacher Does your German?
6 car What you drive? do
7 you tennis? Do like
8 don't get I up early.
9 tired? Is she
10 They don't smoke.
11 Spanish. to He doesn't want learn

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12 French? speak they Do
8.3. Questions and answers
Match the questions and answers.
1 What do you like doing at A Nothing. I like relaxing after the

weekends? week.
2 Where do you go shopping? B I take the bus, or sometimes we
walk.
3 Who do you go with? C To our holiday home near the
beach.
4 How do you get there? D In the town centre.
5 Where do you usually go on E My family.
holiday?
6 When do you usually go there? F Twice a year, in summer and in
winter.
7 Who is Maria? A In Canada.
8 How old is she? B She's 29.
9 What's her job? C She's my sister.
10 Where does she live? D In a college in the centre of town.
11 Where does she work? E No, she doesn't.
12 Does she have a dog? F She's a teacher.
8.4. Read the text about Jeffrey Roberts and complete the questions for the answers
given.
Jeffrey Roberts is a hospital manager. He works in a large hospital in

Manchester in the north of England.
He gets up at half past seven every day and has eggs and toast for
breakfast. Then he walks to the hospital because it is very close to his
home. He starts work at eight o´clock. At eleven he stops work for a ten-
minute coffee break.
He always has lunch at the hospital in the afternoon he has meetings
with doctors. He finishes work at six o´clock.
On Tuesdays and Thursdays he plays tennis in the evening. He usually
goes away for the weekend with his girlfriend.
a ?
In a hospital.

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b ?
At seven thirty.
c ?
Eggs and toast.
d ?
He walks.
e ?
Because it is very close to his home.
f ?
To have a coffee break.
g ?
At the hospital.
h ?
Doctors.
i ?
On Tuesdays and Thursdays
j ?
He usually goes away with his girlfriend.
9. Adverbs of frequency
Put the words in the correct order.
1 early. get up I always
2 the often She to goes cinema.
3 I breakfast. make don't often
4 music. I to listen never
5 We the at often weekend. play tennis
6 to beach. we always go In summer the

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KEY - Grammar reference and practice. Eje Temático 2
1.
1.A
1 three bananas 6 six spoons

2 two newspapers 7 four pencils
3 four girls 8 three birds
4 two telephones 9 four chairs
5 five cameras 10 three cups
1. B
adress Adresses eye eyes orange oranges
mountain mountains bag bags person persons
lkorry ikorries box boxes church churches
waitress waitress school schools egg eggs
secretary secretaries lunch lunches apple apples
sandwich sandwiches city cities day days
child children hotel hotels boy boys
match matches watch watches glass glasses
flower flowers animal animals dish dishes
vegetable vegetables fly flies beach beaches
family families bus buses dress dresses
dictionary dictionaries man men foot feet
2.
2.1
1 It’s…a…new book. 6 He’s …a………waiter.

2 She’s…an..English teacher. 7 It’s …an……ugly house.
3 Are you …a….student? 8 Here’s…a…..ticket for the play.
4 Britain is…an….island. 9 He’s …a……good worker.
5 They’re at …a…restaurant. 10 It’s not……an….easy language.
3.
3.1
1 There’s…..….a beach down here.
2 .here are……four girls and two boys in her family.

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3 Is there a train to Manchester?

4 There is a new disco near the college.
5 Is there a good restaurant in this street?
6 Are there two hospitals in town.
7 Are there a lot of children in the pool?
8 There are three families in that house.
9 Is there a television in the flat?
10 There is a big grey cloud over there.
3.2
1 How many rooms are there? C A Yes, there is.

2 Is there a lamp in the bedroom? A B No, there aren't.
3 Where is my bag? D C There are three.
4 Are there any sofas? B D It's in the bedroom.
5 Where do you live? F E Yes, it's next to the bank.
6 Is there a cinema near here? E F Near the harbour.
3. 3
1. There´s a cooker in the kitchen.

2. Are there any books in the room?
3. There isn´t a TV in the bedroom.
4. How many photos are there?
5. There aren´t any pictures.
6. Is there a garden?
7. Is there a decent restaurant near here?
8. Are there any posters on the wall?
9. There aren´t any papers on his desk?
10. There is a good reason for the change.
11. It´s n old building because there isn´t a lift.
12. Is there a doctor on the plane?
4.
4.1
3. him
4. I / her
5. He / her / she / him
6. Them / I / them
7. I / she / me
8. us
9. They / her
10. me
4.2

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3. him 6. us 9. her 12. it 15. us

4. me 7. her 10. them 13. her
5. you / it 8. it 11. him 14. you
5.
5.1
3. They are happy children.

4. It´s a dirty restaurant.
5. They are heavy books.
6. It´s a cold house.
7. It´s a quiet village.
8. They aren´t cheap clothes.
9. It´s a pretty garden.
10.It´s a difficult language.
6.
6.1
3. our 7. your 11. her 15.your

4. his 8. its 12. his
5. their 9. her 13. my
6. my 10. their 14. their
7.
7.1
3. Is that your brother´s car?

4. It´s on the teacher´s desk.
5. It´s the dog´s dinner.
6. Judy´s children are at school.
7. It´s my wife´s idea.
8. That bird´s leg is broken.
9. Jeff´s new bike is really good.
10. Here´s the doctor´s number.
7.2
3. Those are Robert and Sarah´s children.
4. There is a teachers´ meeting on Mondays.
5. .Are the childrens´ coats in the car?
6. The men´s clothes are upstairs.
7. Alice´s mother is very ill.
8. We have a month´s holiday in the summer.
9. The students´ exams start next week.
10. This is my mother´s dress.

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8.
8.1
1. don´t like
2. lives
3. don´t have
4. don´t speak
5. drinks
6. study
7. like
8. get up
9. leaves
10. doesn´t work
11. speak
12. has
8.2
1. Do you play computer games?
2. Where does Stephen live?
3. Do your parents smoke?
4. Does your father like animals?
5. Does your teacher speak German?
6. What car do you drive?
7. Do you like tennis?
8. I don´t get up early.
9. Is she tired?
10. They don´t smoke.
11. He doesn´t want to learn Spanish.
12. Do they speak French?
8.3
1. A 7. C
2. D 8. B
3. E 9. F
4. B 10. A
5. C 11. D
6. F 12. E
8. 4
1. Where does he work?
2. What time does he get up?
3. What does he have for breakfast?
4. How does he go to work?
5. Why does he walk to the hospital?
6. Why does he stop for ten minutes? / Why does he stop at eleven?
7. Where does he have lunch?
8. Who does he have meetings with?
9. When does he play tennis?
10. Where does he go for the weekend?

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9.
1. I always get up early.

2. She often goes to the cinema.
3. I don´t often make breakfast.
4. I never listen to music.
5. We often play tennis at the weekend.
6. In summer we always go to the beach.

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Eje 2 Grammar R

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EJE TEMÁTICO 2 – Compra y venta: acerca de las transacciones con los bienes.

Grammar reference and practice

Nouns and adjetives

1. Cat, cats: singular and plural nouns

To make a singular noun plural, add s.

Tasador y Martillero Público - Inglés Técnico 1

Plurals: other spellings

one baby two babies

Words ending in consonant + y: change y I + es

a match two matches

Words ending in ch, x, sh, ss, s: add es.

a man two men

1b. write the plurals.

adress Adresses eye orange

Tasador y Martillero Público - Inglés Técnico 1

sandwich city day

2. a, an: indefinite article

We use a before consonants:

We use an before vowels:

Tasador y Martillero Público - Inglés Técnico 1

2.1. Complete the sentences using a or an.

1. It’s a a…new book. 6. He’s waiter.

3. there is, there are

There’s a cat in the garden.

There is, there’s + singular noun.

1. There’s a beach down here.

Tasador y Martillero Público - Inglés Técnico 1

3.2. Questions and answers

Match the questions and answers.

1 How many rooms are there? A Yes, there is.

3.3. Put the words in the correct order.

1 In cooker a There's the kitchen.

2 in Are books any there the room?

3 TV a in isn't bedroom. the There

4 many How photos there? are

5 There pictures. any aren't

7 decent is there near restaurant a here ?

8 posters the wall there any are on?

9 papers desk aren´t any there his on

10 reason there changes the is for good a

11 old there a isn´t building because it´s lift an

12 plane there the doctor a is on ?

Tasador y Martillero Público - Inglés Técnico 1

4. I know her: subject and object pronouns

Subject Verb Object

We also use object pronouns after prepositions:

I you she he it we they

me you her him it us them

4.1. Click in the word for select the correct pronouns.

1. Can you help us with these bags?

4.2. Complete these sentences with me, you, her, it us or them.

Tasador y Martillero Público - Inglés Técnico 1

5. nice, big, beautiful: adjectives

It's a beautiful day.

Adjectives usually come before nouns:

Adjectives can also come after the verb to be:

5.1. Write sentences with an adjective and a noun.

Tasador y Martillero Público - Inglés Técnico 1

8 not / cheap / clothes

6. my, your, her, his … : possessive adjectives

Tasador y Martillero Público - Inglés Técnico 1

The possessive its has no apostrophe ('):

1. Alison is doing her homework.

7. Sylvia's mother: the possessive with 's