6th YEAR

School: ……………………………………….

Prof: García Herrera …………………….

20……..
 Caseros,..……. de marzo de 2023

PAUTAS DE TRABAJO

El Departamento de Lengua Extranjera mantendrá a lo largo del actual ciclo lectivo las siguientes pautas de trabajo:

1- Durante el año escolar se evaluará en cada clase, en forma oral, tanto vocabulario, como así también
cualquier estructura gramatical aprendida, lo que será parte de cada trayectoria educativa.
2- Se tendrá en cuenta la responsabilidad en la asistencia a clase con los materiales solicitados, el
cumplimiento de las tareas o trabajos pedidos, que se considerará en la confección del informe de cada
trimestre.
3- Toda actividad escrita y / o trabajo práctico corregidos son documentos fundamentales del alumno y es
obligatorio que consten en la carpeta.
4- La carpeta es de uso obligatorio, así como también el cuadernillo de trabajo diseñado por la profesora.
5- La evaluación de los alumnos es continua (oral, escrita y de actitudes en el aula). Se tendrá en cuenta el
respeto por las normas de convivencia (respeto hacia sus pares y hacia la docente) y de trabajo dentro del
aula.
6- Las instancias evaluadoras tanto escritas como oral serán avisadas con anticipación a los alumnos.
7- La ausencia a una evaluación oral o escrita o el día de entrega de trabajos prácticos, deberá estar
debidamente justificada, ya sea a través de un certificado médico o nota escrita y firmada por los Señores
Padres, de lo contrario significará 1 (uno) como calificación. El alumno será evaluado en la clase inmediata
siguiente a su ausencia si es que cuenta con el justificativo correspondiente, caso contrario no será
evaluado.
8- La ejercitación realizada tanto en clase como en el hogar tiene como función la incorporación paulatina de
nuevos conocimientos y la posibilidad de la aclaración de las dudas que surgieran, es por eso la importancia
de realizarla en forma individual.
9- Se establece que queda bajo la responsabilidad de cada alumno, en caso de ausencia a clase, pedir el
material solicitado y el trabajo realizado, debiendo mantener en todo momento su carpeta completa.
10- Los alumnos serán evaluados en los periodos de examen en forma escrita y oral, siendo la primera instancia
(escrita) definitoria para la aprobación de la materia. En lo que respecta a la instancia oral, los alumnos
deberán preparar todas las lecturas indicadas por la profesora y serán evaluados a través de preguntas o
comentando brevemente la misma, según lo solicite la docente.
11- El cuaderno de comunicados es el mejor nexo entre los padres y la profesora tanto para informar
calificaciones, incumplimientos, etc.

BIBLIOGRAFÍA:

6° año: SET DE COPIAS / CUADERNILLO DE ACTIVIDADES DISEÑADO POR LAS PROFESORAS

Saluda a ustedes atentamente,

Departamento de Inglés del Instituto San José Obrero.

Firma del Padre/Madre: _________________________ Aclaración: ____________________________

Firma del Alumno: ____________________________ Aclaración: ____________________________

G ra m m a r re fe re n ce a n d p r a c t ic e 1

1.1 Pr e s e n t s i m p l e a n d p r e s e n t 2 Co m p le t e t h e se n t e n ce s. U se t h e p r e se n t
co n t i n u o u s f o r m o f t h e v e r b in b r a ck e t s.
co n t in u o u s
1 Ri g h t n o w , I ........................ in t h e Cl o ck
Present simple Caf e, (si t )
2 So m e w i l d a n i m a l s .......................................... m o r e
b a s e f o r m o f v e r b (+ - s / - es f o r t h i r d u s e d t o p e o p l e , (b e c o m e )
A f fir m at ive
p er so n sin g u lar )
3 Ollie a b o u t h i s g i r l f r i en d .

N eg at ive d o n 't / d o esn 't -t- i n f i n i t i v e It 's r eal l y a n n o y i n g , (a l w a y s / t a l k )

4 W h a t m u s i c .......................................... t o o n y o u r
Q u est io n s d o / d o es i t s u b j e c t i t i n f i n i t i v e
p h o n e ? (y o u / l i st en )
5 I .......................................... a n y t h i n g i m p o r t a n t r i g h t
H e a lw a y s w e a r s d e s i g n e r c l o t h e s.
n o w . (n o t d o )
F a s h i o n s a n d c u s t o m s d o n ' t a l w a y s s t a y t h e sa m e .
6 W e .......................................... w i t h o u r g r a n d p a r e n t s
Po yo u lik e t a t t o o s? Ye s, I d o . / N o , l d o n 't .
t h i s w e e k b e c a u s e o f t h e b a d w e a t h e r , (n o t st ay )
7 It v e r y h o t in h er e, i sn 't i t ?
Use
(g e t )
W e u se t h e p r esen t s im p le t o t al k ab o u t :
8 M a g a z i n e s ........................................... u s w i t h i m a g e s
h a b i t s a n d e v e r y d a y r o u t i n es,
o f b e a u t i f u l y o u n g p e o p l e , (a l w a y s / b o m b a r d )
f act s a n d g e n e r a l t r u t h s.
st at es. So m e v e r b s t h a t d e s c r i b e s t a t e s a r e b eli ev e, h a t e,
3 Ch o o se t h e co r r e ct se n t e n ce e n d in g s.
h a v e, k n o w , l ike, n eed , p r efer , see, seem , t h i n k u n d er st a n d ,
1 He an n o ys m e b ecau se he
w an t.
a is a l w a y s l o o k i n g a t h i s m o b i l e ,
W e u se t h e f o l l o w i n g t i m e ex p r essio n s w i t h t h e p r esen t
b a l w a y s lo o k s at h is m o b ile.
s i m p l e : a l w a y s, ev e r y d a y , o ft en , r eg u l a r ly , u su a l l y , so m et i m es,
2 T h e t e x t is i n G e r m a n , s o I
h a r d l y ev er , n ever .
a d o n 't u n d e r s t a n d it.
b a m n o t u n d e r s t a n d i n g it.
1 Ch o o se t h e co r r e ct a n sw e r s.
3 Ju l i e l o v e s m ak e - u p . In f act , s h e
1 A t w h a t t e m p e r a t u r e is / d o e s w a t e r f r eez e?
a is w e a r i n g it e v e r y d ay.
2 I'm n o t / d o n ' t l i k e t h e i d e a o f c o s m e t i c su r g er y.
b w e a r s i t e v e r y d ay.
3 Pa u l d o n ' t / d o e s n ' t a l w a y s d o h i s h o m e w o r k .
4 I'd l o v e t o h e l p y o u , b u t
4 H e l e n a n d Ro s i e w a t c h / w a t c h e s a l o t o f t e l e v i s i o n .
a I'm m a k i n g l u n c h a t t h e m o m e n t ,
5 M y m u m g o e s / g o t o t h e g y m e v e r y Fr i d ay.
b I m ak e lu n ch at t h e m o m en t .
6 W e h a r d l y n e v e r / e v e r t a k e t h e t r ai n .
5 W h e n w i l d a n i m a l s a r e ill o r i n j u r e d , t h e y
a a l w a y s l o o k f o r a h i d d e n p l a c e t o r est .
Present continuous b a r e a l w a y s l o o k i n g f o r a h i d d e n p l a c e t o rest .
6 I h e s u m m e r is n e a r l y f i n i s h e d a n d
A f fir m at ive is / a r e i t - i n g f o r m a it 's g e t t i n g d a r k ear l i er .
N eg at ive i sn 't / a r en 't + - i n g f o r m b i t g e t s d a r k ear l i er .

Q u est io n s is / a r e + s u b j e c t + - i n g f o r m
4 R e w r it e t h e se n t e n ce s t h a t a r e in co r r e ct .

1 G o o d m o r n i n g . I lo o k f o r a c h i c s c ar f as a p r esen t f o r
T h e g r a s s in t h e g a r d e n i s g e t t in g v e r y lo n g .
m y sist er .
I' m n o t w e a r i n g m y h a i r i n a p o n y t a i l t o d a y .

A r e y o u lo o k in q f o r a p a r t ic u la r t yp e o f j a c k e t ?
2 Sc h o o l f i n i s h e s e a r l y o n t h e l ast d a y o f t e r m .
Y e s , l a m . / N o , I' m n o t .

3 Ja c k a n d Ch r i s a r e a l w a y s p l a y i n g t h a t si l l y c o m p u t e r
Use
g am e.
W e u s e t h e p r e s e n t c o n t i n u o u s t o t al k a b o u t :
act io n s t h at ar e h ap p e n in g n o w , o r ar o u n d n o w .
4 W e p l a n a p a r t y at t h e m o m e n t .
I' m l o o k i n g f o r a v i n t a g e d r e s s ,

t e m p o r a r y si t u at i o n s.
5 T h e y d o n ’t t h i n k t h a t it 's a v e r y g o o d i d ea.
I' m s t a y i n g w it h m y a u n t a n d u n c l e a t t h e m o m e n t .

c h a n g i n g o r d e v e l o p i n g s i t u at i o n s.
6 Ri g h t n o w , I w a t c h a r eal l y i n t e r e s t i n g p r o g r a m m e
M o r e a n d m o r e p e o p le a r e b e c o m i n g o v e r w e i g h t ,
a b o u t t e e n a g e r s i n N i g er i a.
i r r i t at i n g h ab i t s, o f t e n w i t h a l w a y s.
H e 's a lw a y s p la y in g t h a t a w f u l m u sic .
7 W h y a r e y o u b u y i n g t w o sk i r t s t h a t a r e t h e s a m e ?

W e u se t h e f o l l o w i n g t i m e ex p r essio n s w i t h t h e p r esen t
8 He's u s u a l l y s e e m i n g v e r y f r i e n d l y a n d c o n f i d e n t .
c o n t i n u o u s : r i g h t n o w , a t t h e m o m en t , n o w a d a y s, t o d a y .

104 Gram m ar referen ce and p ract ice 1 33

 Gr am m ar r ef er en c e an d p r act ice 2

2.1 N ar r at iv e t en ses Past perfect

Past simple A f f ir m a t iv e h a d + p ast p ar t i ci p l e

N e g a t iv e h a d n 't + p ast p ar t icip l e

A f f ir m a t iv e verb + - ed / - d
Q u e st i o n s h a d + s u b j e c t i t p ast p ar t icip l e
N e g a t iv e d id n 't + in f in it ive

Q u e st io n s d i d i t s u b j e c t + in f in it ive Su e h ad rem em b ered to b rin q a t o rch .

I h a d n 't b ee n o n a co ach t o u r b e f o re .

S h e d e sc r ib e d t h e h o lid a y in d e t a il. H ad yo u t r ie d a h o u se - sw a p b e f o r e t h is su m m e r ?

T h e y d id n 't se e t h e sig h t s. Ye s, 1 h ad . / N o , I h ad n 't.

P i d y o u g o b a c k p a c k in g ? Ye s, w e d id . / N o , w e d id n 't .

M a n y v e r b s h a v e i r r e g u l ar p a s t s i m p l e f o r m s , e.g .
h a v e - * h a d , se e - * sa w , b u y - * b o u g h t .
Use
W e u s e t h e p a s t s i m p l e t o t al k a b o u t :
Use
W e u s e t h e p a s t p e r f e c t t o t al k a b o u t :
an a c t i o n o r e v e n t t h a t h a p p e n e d b e f o r e a n o t h e r a c t i o n
in t h e p ast .
T h e y h a d sa v e d u p a lo t o f m o n e y b e f o r e t h e y w e n t o n

c o m p l e t e d p a s t a c t i o n s o r p ast st at es. t h e cr u ise .

W e v is it e d se v e r a l im p o r t a n t s it e s d u r in g t h e w eek , t o t al k a b o u t t w o c o m p l e t e d p ast act io n s, i n t r o d u ced

a s e q u e n c e o f a c t i o n s i n t h e p ast . b y w h e n o r o f f er . T h e p a s t p e r f e c t a l w a y s r ef er s t o t h e
I t r i e d t o a s k t h e m an f o r d ir e c t io n s in Fr e n c h . H e a c t i o n t h a t h a p p e n e d f irst .
sm ile d at m e a n d r e p lie d in p e r f e ct En g l i s h , W h e n / A f t e r w e h a d c h e c k e d in t o t h e h o t e l, w e f o u n d

p a s t h ab i t s. o u r ro o m an d w en t to b ed .

B e f o r e h e b o u g h t a c a r , Jo h n t r a v e l l e d e v e r y w h e r e b y

b ik e . T h i s is q u i t e si m i l ar t o w h e n + p a s t s i m p l e + p a s t si m p l e,
b u t t h e u se o f t h e p ast p e r f ec t g e n e r a l l y s u g g est s a l o n g e r
W e u s e w h e n + p a s t s i m p l e + p a s t s i m p l e t o t al k a b o u t t w o p e r i o d o f t i m e b e t w e e n t h e t w o a c t i o n s.
c o n n e c t e d ac t i o n s t h a t h a p p e n at a r o u n d t h e s am e t im e. W h e n / A f t e r R o s a h a d r e a d P- a c h e l ' s n o t e , s h e s t a r t e d

W h e n R o s a r e a d P- a c h e \ ' s n o t e , s h e s t a r t e d l a u g h i n g . laughing.
W h en c an a p p e a r in t h e m i d d l e o f t h e s en t en c e, w i t h o u t a

co m m a. 1 Ch o o se t h e co r r e ct se n t e n ce in e a ch p air.
R o s a s t a r t e d l a u g h i n g w h e n s h e r e a d P- a c h e l ' s n o t e . 1 a Wer e yo u f in d in g yo u r w at ch w h en yo u t id ied u p ?
b D id y o u f in d y o u r w a t c h w h i l e y o u w e r e t id y in g u p ?
Past continuous 2 a I s a w a b ig sp i d e r in m y s l e ep i n g b ag w h e n I
o p e n e d it.
A f f ir m a t iv e w a s / w er e + - in g fo rm
b I w a s s e e i n g a b i g s p i d e r in m y s l e e p i n g b a g w h e n
N e g a t iv e w a sn ' t / w e r e n ' t + - i n g f o r m I o p e n e d it.
3 a It w a s e i g h t o 'cl o ck . T h e s u n w a s s e t t i n g a n d
Q u e st io n s w a s / w er e + su b j ect + - in g f o rm
p e o p l e w e r e e n j o y i n g t h e w a r m e v e n i n g air.
b It w a s e i g h t o 'cl o ck . T h e su n s e t a n d p e o p l e
It w a s r a in in g w h en w e a r r iv e d .
e n j o y e d t h e w a r m e v e n i n g air.
W e w e r e n 't c y c lin g v e r y f a st .
4 a W h i l e y o u w e r e p u t t i n g y o u r b ag in t h e o v e r h e a d
W e r e y o u w ait in q v e r y lo n g f o r t h e c o a c h ?
l o ck er , s o m e t h i n g f el l o u t .
Ye s, w e w e re . / N o , w e w e re n 't .
b W h i l e y o u p u t y o u r b a g i n t h e o v e r h e a d l o ck er ,
s o m e t h i n g f el l o u t .
Use
5 a W e d i s c u s s e d o u r h o l i d a y d e s t i n a t i o n w h e n Sh a r o n
W e u s e t h e p a s t c o n t i n u o u s t o t al k a b o u t :
h ad a g r e a t i d ea.
b ac k g r o u n d d escr ip t io n s.
b W e w e r e d iscu ssin g o u r h o lid ay d est in at io n w h e n
T h e su n w as sh in in g a n d e v e r y o n e w as sm ilin g an d
Sh a r o n h a d a g r e a t i d ea.
la u q h in g .
6 a M a t i l d a 's s h o e b r o k e w h i l e s h e w a s w a l k i n g a r o u n d
a c t i o n s i n p r o g r e s s a t a s p e c i f i c t i m e in t h e p ast .
t o w n , s o s h e b o u g h t a n e w p air ,
I w a s t a lk in g t o a v e r y in t e r e st in g p e r so n t h i s a f t e r n o o n ,
b M a t i l d a 's s h o e w a s b r e a k i n g w h i l e s h e w a s w a l k i n g
l o n g e r a c t i o n s i n t e r r u p t e d b y s h o r t e r a c t i o n s.
a r o u n d t o w n , s o s h e b o u g h t a n e w p air .
I w a s p u t t in g m y b ag in t h e lu g g ag e r a c k w h e n 1 d r o p p e d
7 a O n c e t h e p l a n e w a s s t a r t i n g it s e n g i n e s , Ki e r an
m y p h o n e.
r eal i z e d t h a t h e w a s v e r y n e r v o u s ,
b O n c e t h e p l a n e s t a r t e d it s e n g i n e s , Ki e r an r eal i z ed
W e u s e w h i l e t o i n t r o d u c e an a c t i o n i n t h e p a s t c o n t i n u o u s .
t h a t h e w a s v e r y n er v o u s.
W h i l e i sn ’t f o l l o w e d b y t h e p a s t si m p l e.
W h i l e y o u w e r e t a l k i n g t o D e n i s e , Ja c k p h o n e d .

W e d o n 't u s e t h e p a s t c o n t i n u o u s w i t h s t a t e v e r b s , e.g .
b e l i e v e , n e e d et c.

4 106 Gr am m ar referen ce an d p ract ice 2 5

2 O n e o f t h e v e r b s in e a ch se n t e n ce is w r o n g . R e w r it e M um u se d t o w o r k a s a t o u r g u id e .

o n e o f t h e v e r b s in e a ch se n t e n ce in t h e co r r e ct It d id n ' t u se t o b e o r a t o r y t o w ear a se a t b e lt .

f o r m . U se t h e p a st sim p le , p a st co n t in u o u s o r p a st D id y o u r g r a n d p a r e n t s u se t o g o o n a w o r k in g h o lid a y e v e r y

p e r f e ct . y e a r ? Ye s, t h e y d id . / N o , t h e y d id n 't .

1 D i n a f e l t d i s a p p o i n t e d w i t h t h e r esu l t b e c a u s e s h e
W e c a n u s e w o u l d + i n f i n i t i v e i n t h e s a m e w a y as u se d t o t o
n e v e r f a i l e d a n e x a m in h e r life.
t al k a b o u t p a s t h a b i t s a n d r e p e a t e d ac t i o n s.
A s c h i l d r e n , t h e y u se d t o p la y t o g e t h e r f o r h o u r s .
2 T h e d r i v e r s t o p p e d t h e b u s a n d h a d o p e n e d a m ap .
A s c h i l d r e n , t h e y w o u ld p la y t o q e t h e r f o r h o u r s .
So m e o n e as k e d h i m i f h e w a s lost .
H o w e v e r , w o u l d is n o t u s e d t o d e s c r i b e p a s t st at es.
N O T Lran d d a d w o u l d b e a p o st m a n w h e n h e w ao y o u n g e r .
3 T h e t r i p w e n t r eal l y w e l l a n d e v e r y o n e w a s h a v i n g a
W h e n w e ar e t a l k i n g a b o u t p a s t h ab i t s, w e g e n e r a l l y u se
g o o d t i m e . Su d d e n l y , t h e t o u r g u i d e a n n o u n c e d t h at
w o u l d o n l y i n t h e af f i r m at i v e .
t h er e w as a p r o b lem .
N O T W e w o u ld n ' t g o o n h o lid a y t o t h e sa m e p lace e v e r y y e a r

w h e n I w a s l it t l e .
4 W h i l e Em m a h a d t a k e n Sa m m y b a c k t o t h e c a m p s i t e ,
N O T W o u ld yo u g o o n h o lid a y t o t h e s am e p lace e v e r y y e ar
w e st ayed o n t h e b e ach a n d p lay ed vo lleyb all.
w h e n y o u w e r e l it t l e ?

A l t h o u g h w o u l d a n d u se d t o a r e v e r y si m i l ar , u se d t o s i m p l y
5 W h e n w e a r r i v e d a t t h e h o t e l , w e 'd d e c i d e d n o t t o
e x p r e s s e s a f ac t , w h i l e w o u l d e m p h a s i z e s t h a t t h e a c t i o n is
st ay t h er e.
t y p i c a l o f a p e r s o n o r a si t u at i o n .
W h e n w e w e r e lit t le , it u se d t o r a in o n t h e f i r s t d ay o f t h e
6 W h e n I c a m e i n t o t h e b e d r o o m l ast n i g h t , y o u t al k e d
h o lid a y s.
i n y o u r sl eep .
W h e n w e w e r e lit t le , it w o u ld a lw a y s r a i n o n t h e f i r s t d ay o f

t h e h o lid a y s.

3 Co m p le t e t h e se n t e n ce s w it h t h e co r r e ct f o r m
1 Co m p le t e t h e se n t e n ce s w it h t h e co r r e ct f o r m o f
o f t h e v e r b s in b r a ck e t s. U se t h e p a st sim p le ,
u s e d t o o r w o u l d . I f b o t h u s e d t o a n d w o u l d are
p a st co n t in u o u s o r p a st p e r f e ct . If t w o t e n se s a re
co r r e ct , w r it e b o t h f o r m s.
p o ssib le , w r it e b o t h f o r m s.
1 M y g r a n n y s ay s t h a t p e o p l e
1 Ja n e .................................... (k n e w ) t h e ar ea w el l
b e h a p p i e r i n t h e p ast .
b e c a u s e sh e (g o ) t h e y e a r b ef o r e.
2 I .............................. l i k e s e a f o o d , b u t I e a t it all t h e
2 Ev e r y o n e (t u r n r o u n d ) w h e n
t im e n ow .
s h e .................................... (w a l k ) i n t o t h e r o o m .
3 I r e m e m b e r t h e w a y t h a t D a d ..............................
3 W h i l e y o u ................................... (e n j o y) y o u r h o l id ay,
p r e t e n d t o b e a t o u r g u i d e w h e n e v e r w e v i s i t ed
w e ..................................... (h av e t o ) l o o k af t er t h e h o u se.
Lo n d o n .
4 S h e .................................... (s p e a k ) Sp a n i s h v e r y w e l l
4 yo u sh ar e a b e d r o o m w i t h
c o n s i d e r i n g s h e ....................... e v e r ..........................
b o t h y o u r si st er s?
(n o t h a v e ) a n y cl asses.
5 Ev e r y e v e n i n g a t e x a c t l y s e v e n o 'cl o ck , w e
5 W h e n Pe t e (g e t ) t o k n o w t h e
f in d o u r c at sit t in g o n o u r d o o r st ep .
t o w n , h e .................................... (f e e l ) m u c h saf er
6 In t h e p ast , m a n y f a m i l i e s ..............................
t h er e.
s p e n d e v e r y s u m m e r h o l i d a y i n t h e s a m e sm al l h o t el .
6 T a n i a .................................... (l e a v e ) b u t w e
.................................... (m a n a g e ) t o p e r s u a d e h e r t o
2 R e w r it e t h e se n t e n ce s in t h e p a st . U se t h e co r r e ct
st ay.
f o rm o f u se d t o o r w o u l d . If b o t h u se d t o a n d w o u l d
7 W h e n t h e t r a f f i c .................................... (m o v e ), o u r
a r e p o ssib le , w r it e b o t h f o r m s.
t a x i .................................... (s p e e d u p ).
1 Fi o n a h a s f o u r p ai r s o f su n g l asses.
8 We (d e c i d e ) t o g o f o r a w a l k
af t er w e ................................. (eat ).
2 Le o d o e s n 't u s e h i s m o b i l e m u c h .

2 .2 u sed to a n d w ou l d 3 Pau l g e t s r eal l y s c a r e d w h e n b o a r d i n g a p l an e.

W e u s e u se d t o + i n f i n i t i v e t o t a l k a b o u t :
p a s t h ab i t s t h a t d o n o t h a p p e n n o w . 4 O n l o n g c a r j o u r n e y s , m y l i t t l e si st er a l w a y s s a y s 'A r e

W h e n I w a s y o u n q , I u se d t o w a l k £ k m t o sc h o o l w e n e a r l y t h e r e y e t ?'

eve ry d ay.

M y f a m i l y u s e d t o st a y a t t h e s a m e c a m p s i t e e v e r y y e a r . 5 Ja c k a n d K i m l i v e i n t h e s a m e st r eet .

W e d o n 't u s e u se d t o f o r s i n g l e ac t i o n s.
M y f a m i l y u s e d t o st a y a t t h e sa m e c a m p s i t e e v e r y y e a r . 6 D o y o u a n d Li sa k n o w e a c h o t h e r ?

N O T M y f a m il y u s e d t o st a y a t t h e c a m e c a m p si t e l a s t Ju l y .

Gram m ar referen ce and p ract ice 2 107 56

 Gr am m ar r ef er en c e an d p r act ice 3
3.1 Pa s t s i m p l e a n d p r e s e n t
p erfect
Pa s t s i m p l e
Fo r a c t i o n s t h a t h a p p e n e d
at a sp eci f ic p o i n t in t h e
p ast , u s u a l l y w i t h a t i m e
ex p r essi o n .
Le e w en t t o Fo r t u g a l la st
year.
Fo r s i t u a t i o n s t h a t
h a p p e n e d in a p er i o d o f
t i m e t h a t h as en d ed .
I liv e d in G e r m a n y f r o m
2 0 0 2 t o Z O O le.
W i t h p a s t t i m e r ef er e n ce s,
s u c h a s y e st e r d a y , l a s t . . .
an d ... a g o .
W e f i n i s h e d o u r e x a m s l a st
w eek.
K a r e n s t a r t e d h e r n ew
sc h o o l a few d a y s ag o .
W i t h t i m e r ef er en ces su ch
as t h i s m o r n i n g , t o d a y a n d
t h i s w e e k t o t al k a b o u t
so m et h in g t h at h ap p en ed
in a p ar t o f t h a t p e r i o d t h at
is f i n i s h e d .
I sa w F r e d t h i s m o r n i n g .
(T h e m o r n i n g is f i n i s h e d .)
P id La u r a p h o n e t o d ay ?
(It is n o w t h e e v e n i n g , so
t h e m a i n p a r t o f ' t o d a y 'i s
f i n i s h e d .)
W it h t h e q u est io n form
H o w lo n g a g o ... ?
H o w l o n g a g o d i d To m
b r e a k h is le g ?
H e b r o k e it t w o y e a r s a g o .
6 108 Gr am m ar referen ce and p ract ice 3
Pr e s e n t p e r f e c t
Fo r a c t i o n s t h a t h a p p e n e d
a t s o m e p o i n t i n t h e p ast ;
t h e t i m e is u n k n o w n o r
u n im p o r t an t .
L a r r i e h a s st a y e d at t h at
h o t e l t w ice .
Fo r a c t i o n s o r st a t e s t h a t
b e g a n in t h e p ast an d
t h at co n t in u e u p t o t h e
p r esen t , u su ally w i t h f o r o r
si n ce .
Fr e d a h a s w o rk e d h e r e f o r
se v e r a l y e a rs.
Ji m h as b een a teach er
s i n c e 2 .0 I 0 .
W i t h ev er , n ev er , a lr ea d y ,
ju st an d y et .
H ave yo u e v e r b e e n h e re
b efo re?
N o . I' v e n e v e r b e e n h e r e in
m y lif e .
H ave t h e g ir ls a r r iv e d yet ?
Isa b e l h a s a lr e a d y a r r i v e d .
K ir s t y h a s iu st g o t h e r e , b u t
Su z y h a sn 't a r r iv e d yet .
W i t h t i m e r e f e r e n c e s s u ch
as t h i s m o r n i n g , t o d a y an d
t h i s w e e k t o t al k a b o u t t h e
w h o le o f t h at p erio d o f
t im e u p t o n ow .
I h a v e n ' t se e n F r e d t h i s
m o r n i n g . (It is st il l t h e
m o r n in g .)
H a s La u r a p h o n ed t o d ay?
(It is st il l t h e d a y t i m e . )
Wit h t h e q u est io n f o rm
H o w l o n g . . . ? an d w it h fo r
o r si n c e .
H o w lo n g h a v e yo u h ad
t h at r a sh ?
I' v e h a d it f o r a m o n t h /
sin c e Fe b r u a r y .
N o t e t h a t it is p o s s i b l e t o u s e H o w l o n g w i t h a p a s t s i m p l e
v e r b a n d f o r , b u t w e c a n 't u s e si n c e i n t h e p a s t s i m p l e
an sw er .
H o w l o n g d i d T o m h a v e t h e r a s h f o r ? (T o m n o l o n g e r h as
t h e r ash .)
H e h a d it f o r a m o n t h .
N O T H e h a d it s i n c e F e b r u a r y .
T h e v e r b g o h a s t w o p a s t p a r t i c i p l e f o r m s: b e e n a n d g o n e .
W e u se b ee n w h e n w e k n o w t h a t s o m e o n e h as r et u r n ed
f r o m a t rip . W e u se g o n e w h e n t h e y h a v e n o t r et u r n ed .
Jo s h h a s b e e n t o I n d i a . (= H e is b a c k n o w .)
Jo s h h a s g o n e t o I n d i a . (= H e is st il l i n In d i a.)
In t h e p a s t s i m p l e , t h e r e is o n l y o n e f o r m f o r t h e p ast
o f g o : w en t .
Jo s h w e n t t o I n d i a l a s t y e a r . ( W e d o n 't k n o w i f h e c a m e
b ack , o r i f h e is st il l t h e r e .)
W e c an u se t h e p ast s i m p l e o r t h e p r esen t p e r f ec t w i t h t i m e
e x p r es s i o n s, s u c h as: t o d a y , t h i s m o r n i n g , t h i s e v e n i n g , t h i s
w e e k t h is y ea r , et c. C o m p a r e t h e sen t en ces:
I w r o t e t h r e e e m a i l s t h i s m o r n i n g . (T h e s p e a k e r is t a l k i n g in
t h e e v e n i n g , s o t h e p e r i o d o f t i m e h as e n d e d . )
I' v e w r i t t e n t h r e e e m a i l s t h i s m o r n i n g . (T h e s p e a k e r is
t al k i n g i n t h e m o r n i n g , s o t h e p e r i o d o f t i m e c o n t i n u e s . )
1 Ch o o se t h e co r r e ct se n t e n ce e n d in g s.
1 It 's t w o o 'c l o c k i n t h e a f t e r n o o n . L e o u s u a l l y p h o n e s
a t t e n o 'c l o c k
a b u t h e d i d n 't p h o n e m e t h i s m o r n i n g ,
b b u t h e h asn 't p h o n e d m e t h i s m o r n i n g .
2 I'm t r y i n g t o c o n t a c t m y o l d p e n f r i e n d b u t
a s h e m o v e d t o a n e w ci t y.
b s h e h as m o v e d t o a n e w ci t y.
3 T h e y k e e p g e t t i n g l o st b e c a u s e
a t h e y h a v e n 't b e e n h e r e b ef o r e,
b t h e y d i d n 't g o h e r e b ef o r e.
4 I'v e s t o p p e d g o i n g s k a t i n g b e c a u s e
a I'v e b r o k e n m y l e g t h e l ast t i m e I w e n t ,
b I b r o k e m y l e g t h e l ast t i m e I w e n t .
5 Sh e d i d n 't b u y a c o a t i n t h e m a r k e t b e c a u s e
a s h e d i d n 't f i n d a n y t h i n g s u i t a b l e t h er e.
b s h e h as n 't f o u n d a n y t h i n g s u i t a b l e t h e r e .
6 It 's s t r a n g e . I c a n 't f i n d Si m o n , b u t h e
a w a s h e r e a f e w m i n u t e s ag o .
b h as b e e n h e r e a f e w m i n u t e s ag o .
7
2 Co m p le t e t h e se n t e n ce s. U se t h e p r e se n t p e r f e ct o r T h e p r esen t p er f ect an d t h e p r esen t p er f ect co n t in u o u s

p a st sim p le f o r m o f t h e v e r b s b e lo w . c a n s o m e t i m e s b e u s e d w i t h l i t t l e d i f f e r e n c e in m e a n i n g ,
e s p e c i a l l y w i t h v e r b s t h a t e x p r e s s a c o n t i n u o u s a c t i o n su ch
own n o teat co m e run live go be g et
as w a i t , l i v e , w o r k + f o r o r si n c e .
1 I k n o w y o u l i v e in En g l a n d n o w , b u t h o w l o n g H e 's w ait e d a lo n g t im e f o r t h is m o m en t .

........................ y o u ......................... i n Ir e l a n d f o r ? H e 's b e e n w ait in g a lo n g t im e f o r t h i s m o m e n t .

2 T h e Ro m a n s ........................ t o Br i t ai n o v e r t w o H o w e v e r , t h e p r ese n t p e r f e c t c a n t el l u s t h a t an a c t i o n f i n i sh ed
t h o u s a n d y e a r s ag o . r ecen t l y, w h i l e t h e p r ese n t p e r f e c t c o n t i n u o u s e m p h a si z e s t h e
3 Gr an d ad in h o s p i t a l s i n c e l ast w e e k . a c t i v i t y itself.
4 H ar r y e v e r y m o r n i n g f o r a year , a n d h e I've done m y homework. (I r e c e n t l y f i n i s h ed m y h o m e w o r k .)
i sn 't g o i n g t o s t o p n o w . I've been doing my homework. (T h a t is h o w I’v e s p e n t m y
5 H o w lo n g ag o y o u r p ar en t s t i m e u n t il j u st n o w .)
....................... m a r r i e d ? T h e p r e s e n t p e r f e c t c o n t i n u o u s c a n 't b e u s e d w i t h st at e
6 M y au n t an d u n cle t o In d i a f o r six v e r b s , e.g . b e , l i k e, b e l i e v e , h a v e .
m o n t h s . T h e y g a v e m e t h i s l o v e l y so u ven i r . I've been a teacher since ZOOB.
7 H o w lo n g y o u ........................ y o u r p et N O T I ' v e b e e n b e i n g a t e a c h e r s i n c e 2.0 0 & .

sn ak e? T h e p r e s e n t p e r f e c t c o n t i n u o u s i sn 't u s e d t o s a y h o w o f t e n
8 W e h a d a s a n d w i c h l ast n i g h t b u t w e ........................ so m et h in g h ap p en ed .
sin ce t h en . Th e y ' v e v is it e d u s m an y t im e s.

N O T T h ey' v e b e e n v i s i t i n g u s m a n y t im e s:

3 .2 ■ Pr e s e n t p e r f e c t c o n t i n u o u s 1 Co m p le t e t h e se n t e n ce s u sin g t h e p r e se n t p e r f e ct
co n t in u o u s f o r m o f t h e v e r b s b e lo w .
A f f ir m a t iv e a n d n e g a t iv e
g et ch at w ait do t ak e n o t st u d y
1
Yo u h ave b een 1 I a t t h i s b u s s t o p f o r h al f

We h a v e n 't b e e n an h o u r .

Th ey 2 Yo u 'r e s o a k i n g w e t ! W h a t .............................. y o u
w at ch in g T V
.............................. 7
He
h as b e e n 3 M a r c i a .......................................... t o h e r f r i e n d
Sh e
h asn 't b e e n o n t h e p h o n e sin ce 5 3 0.
It
4 M a r k .......................................... v e r y h ar d f o r h i s ex am .

Q u e st io n s a n d sh o r t a n sw e r s 5 W e ........................................ ex t r a l e s so n s t o
h e l p u s w i t h o u r m at h s.
6 I h e p o p u lat io n f at t er o ver
yo u Yes, 1 h ave.
H ave t h e p ast f e w d ecad es.
we N o , 1 h av e n 't .
b een w at ch in g
t h ey
2 Ch o o se t h e co r r e ct se n t e n ce . So m e t im e s, b o t h a r e
TV?
he co r r e ct .
Yes, h e h as.
Has sh e 1 a W e 'r e l a t e b e c a u s e w e ' v e b e e n h e l p i n g D a d c l e a n
N o , s h e h asn 't .
it t h e g ar ag e.
b W e 'r e l a t e b e c a u s e w e ' v e h e l p e d D a d d e a n t h e
Use g ar ag e.
W e u s e t h e p r e s e n t p e r f e c t c o n t i n u o u s t o t al k a b o u t : 2 a T h e Fi e l d i n g f a m i l y h a v e l i v e d i n t h i s a r e a f o r at
a s i t u a t i o n o r a c t i o n t h a t b e g a n i n t h e p a s t a n d is st il l in l e ast a c e n t u r y .
p r o g r ess. T h e e m p h a s i s is o n t h e d u r a t i o n o f t h e ac t i v i t y . b T h e Fi e l d i n g f a m i l y h a v e b e e n l i v i n g i n t h i s a r e a f o r
W e c a n u s e f o r a n d si n c e t o s h o w h o w l o n g . a t l e ast a c e n t u r y .
Yo u 'v e b e e n w r i t i n g t h a t l e t t e r f o r t h r e e h o u r s , 3 a I'v e h a d a h e a d a c h e s i n c e l u n c h t i m e .
a n a c t i o n t h a t h as h a p p e n e d r e p e a t e d l y i n t h e p a s t a n d b I'v e b e e n h a v i n g a h e a d a c h e s i n c e l u n c h t i m e .
t h a t is st ill h a p p e n i n g n o w . 4 a Ben 's b e e n w r i t i n g a s c i e n c e f i c t i o n st o r y. In f act ,
P a n 's b e e n t ak in g g u it a r le sso n s, h e's n e a r l y f i n i s h e d it.
a v e r y r e c e n t a c t i o n w h i c h h as e i t h e r j u s t f i n i s h e d o r b Ben 's w r i t t e n a s c i e n c e f i c t i o n st o r y . In f act , h e's
w h i c h h as j u s t b e e n i n t e r r u p t e d ; t h e p r e s e n t p e r f e c t n e a r l y f i n i s h e d it.
c o n t i n u o u s o f t e n i n t r o d u c e s a r eas o n o r e x p l a n a t i o n . 5 a It 's b e e n r ai n i n g , s o t h e g r ass is q u i t e w e t .
K a t e a n d Lu c y h a v e b e e n p la y in g t e n n is. b It 's r ai n e d , s o t h e g r as s is q u i t e w e t .
I' m t i r e d b e c a u s e I' v e b e e n w o r k i n g a l l d a y . 6 a T h e r e a s o n I'm c o v e r e d i n f l o u r is b e c a u s e I've
m a d e b i scu i t s.
b T h e r e a s o n I'm c o v e r e d i n f l o u r is b e c a u s e I've
b e e n m a k i n g b i scu i t s.

Gram m ar referen ce an d p ract ice 3 109 78

 Gr am m ar r ef er en c e an d p r act ice 4

4.1 Ex p r e s s i n g t h e f u t u r e g o i n g to
W e u s e b e + g o i n g t o t o t al k a b o u t :
Present simple in t en t io n s.
W e u s e t h e p r e s e n t s i m p l e t o t al k a b o u t f u t u r e e v e n t s t h a t B e n ' s g o in g t o j o i n a q y m .

a r e f i x ed b e c a u s e t h e y a r e b a s e d o n a s c h e d u l e , c a l e n d a r o r p r ed ict io n s a b o u t t h e f u t u r e b ased o n so m e t h i n g w e
t im et ab le. c a n s e e i n t h e p r es e n t .
R e t e ' s f l i g h t l a n d s a t I t .o o t o m o r r o w m o r n i n g . L o o k at t h e sk y . It ' s g o in g t o b e a b e a u t i f u l d a y .

W h at t im e d o e s t h e f ilm st a r t ? Co m p are:
g o in g to T h e y a r e n ' t g o i n g t o st a y v e r y l o n g .
Present continuous (T h a t is t h e i r i n t e n t i o n . )

W e u s e t h e p r e s e n t c o n t i n u o u s t o t al k a b o u t p e r s o n a l w il l / w o n 't T h e y w o n ' t st a y v e r y l o n g . (I p r e d i c t t h i s.)

a r r a n g e m e n t s f o r a f u t u r e d a y o r d at e.
I' m m e e t i n q u p w it h O l i v i a t o n i g h t . So m e t i m e s t h e r e is l i t t l e d i f f e r e n c e b e t w e e n g o i n g t o a n d
I' m n o t d o i n g a n y t h i n g l a t e r . t h e p r e s e n t c o n t i n u o u s w h e n t a l k i n g a b o u t t h e f u t u r e.
W e ' r e g o in q t o h a v e a p a r t y n e xt w e e k e n d .
1 Ch o o se t h e co r r e ct w o r d s. W e 'r e h a v in g a p ar t y n ext w e e k e n d .

1 W e h a v e / ar e h a v i n g a m e e t i n g t o m o r r o w t o d iscu ss W e u s e t h e p r e s e n t c o n t i n u o u s t o t al k a b o u t a d e f i n i t e p l an

h o w t o r ai se f u n d s. f o r w h i c h t h e a r r a n g e m e n t s h a v e b e e n m a d e . A n d w e u se

2 A cco r d in g t o t h e t im et ab le, t h e d r am a g r o u p g o i n g t o t o s h o w t h a t t h e p l a n is o n l y a n i n t e n t i o n .

r e h e a r s e s / i s r e h e a r s i n g a t six o 'c l o c k .
3 W h a t d o y o u d o / a r e y o u d o i n g lat er ?
m ay / m ight
4 D o e s e v e r y o n e g o / Is e v e r y o n e g o i n g t o Lu k e's W e u s e m a y o r m i g h t w h e n w e a r e l ess c e r t a i n a b o u t t h e

p a r t y o n Sa t u r d a y ? f u t u r e. A l t h o u g h m a y is c o n s i d e r e d t o b e m o r e d e f i n i t e

5 T h e y d o n 't h o l d / a r e n 't h o l d i n g a m eet in g t h is w eek . t h a n m i g h t , t h e r e is, in f act , v e r y l i t t l e d i f f e r e n c e i n m e a n i n g

6 T h e f o o t b a l l m a t c h e n d s / i s e n d i n g at 7.00, s o w e b e t w e e n t h e t w o w o r d s.

c an w a t c h t h e f ilm af t er w ar d s.
3 Co m p le t e t h e se n t e n ce s w it h t h e co r r e ct f o r m o f w i l l

2 R e w r it e t h e se n t e n ce s. U se t h e p r e se n t sim p le o r t h e o r b e g o i n g t o a n d o n e o f t h e v e r b s b e lo w .

p r e se n t co n t i n u o u s f o r m o f t h e v e r b s in b r a ck e t s. st ar t cau se not go f all: n o t t ak e m ak e

1 Ja n a n d K i m h a v e d e c i d e d t o g o t o A m y 's p a r t y o n
1 I h o p e t h i s ........................ a l o n g t i m e . I'm v e r y b u sy.
Sat u r d a y , (g o )
2 It is c l e a r t h a t f u r t h e r d r o u g h t very
s e r i o u s p r o b l e m s i n t h e ar ea.
2 Sa r a h h as j u s t b o u g h t a p l a n e t i c k e t f o r a f l i g h t t o
3 Lo o k at t h a t m a n ! H e ........................ o f f t h e r o o f !
M a d r i d n e x t T u e sd ay , (f l y)
4 We t o t h e m eet in g . W e 'v e g o t t o o
m u ch w o r k t o do.
3 T h e p l a n e's d e p a r t u r e t i m e is 0 9 2 0 . (l e a v e )
5 C l e a n w a t e r ........................ p r o b a b l y .........................
t h e b i g g e s t d i f f e r e n c e t o t h e p e o p l e i n t h e v i l l ag e .
4 T h e s u m m e r l e c t u r e p r o g r a m m e is s c h e d u l e d t o
6 Th ey a cam p aig n t o h elp p r o m o t e t h e
b e g i n o n 15 Ju n e , (st ar t )
m essag e.

5 M a t t a n d Ja m i e h a v e b o o k e d a b a d m i n t o n c o u r t f o r
4 M a t ch 1 - 8 t o a - h t o m a k e se n t e n ce s.
l at er , (p l a y )
1 I’v e g o t a c o l d , s o I p r o b a b l y
2 Sa r a h a n d I w o n 't b e a t t h e p i c n i c , b u t w e
w ill 3 It 's g r e a t n e w s . W e 'r e
4 G o o d l u ck . I h o p e I
W e u s e w i l l a n d w o n t t o t al k a b o u t :
5 M i k e i sn 't su r e, b u t h e t h i n k s
p r o m i s e s a n d h o p e s f o r t h e f u t u r e, o f t e n w i t h v e r b s l i k e
6 I h e t e m p e r a t u r e is d r o p p i n g . It
h o p e , e x p e c t o r p r o m i se + t h a t (y o u c a n o m i t t h a t ).
7 C a r l a i sn 't c e r t a i n , b u t s h e
1 h o p e (t h a t ) y o u 'll b e v e r y h ap p y h e r e .
8 T h e y i n t e n d e d t o j o i n u s o n t h e p r o t est , b u t t h e y
W e c a n a l s o u s e t h e i n f i n i t i v e w i t h t o a f t e r t h e s e v er b s.
W e h o p e t o a r r a n g e a n o t h e r m e e t i n g so o n ,
a m ig h t m eet us lat er
p r ed ict io n s, o f t en af t er / t h i n k o r / d o n 't t h i n k o r f u t u r e
b a r e n ’t g o i n g t o c o m e n o w .
f act s t h a t w e ar e c e r t ai n ab o u t .
c w o n 't g o s w i m m i n g lat er ,
I d o n ' t t h i n k it w i l l b e d i f f i c u l t t o p a s s t h i s e x a m .
d t h e j o u r n e y w i l l t a k e a b o u t t h r e e h o u r s,
T h a t p la n t w o n 't s u r v i v e f o r lo n g w it h o u t w at e r ,
e g o i n g t o g e t a d o g , a t last ,
f u t u r e f a c t s t h a t w e a r e l ess c e r t a i n a b o u t , w i t h p r o b a b l y .
f m a y s e e y o u a t Ja c k 's p ar t y,
W e w ill p r o b a b l y g o t o t h e p a r k , b u t it d e p e n d s o n t h e
g 'll s e e y o u a g a i n so o n ,
w eat h er.
h 's g o i n g t o b e v e r y c o l d t o n i g h t .

8 110 Gram m ar r eferen ce an d p ract ice 4 9

9
12
10 13
11
16
12 17
13
18
14 19
15
16
 Hidden Talent ,

Warm-up
1 Work in pairs. Write the names of three
famous scientists, travellers and writers Lady Ma ry Wortley Montagu,
from history. a British woman, lived '"
Turkey at the beginning of th e
tr-avellers: Columbus, Mayco Polo, Vasco da eighteenth century.
{{ama
Whi le Lady Mary was living in
'Turkey, she learn t about how
2 How many of the people on your list
the Turkish people inocu lated
are women? their children against smallpox.
Sma llpox was a terrible illness:
Reading Lady Mary's brother died of It and
her face had smallpox scars. At
@3 Quickly read the texts about the lives of
that time, there was no treatment
for it in the U K so a doctor
some famous women. Who: inoculated her children in Turkey.
1 were writers? When she returned to the UK, she
2 was a scientist? told everyone about the treatment.
British doctors didn 't listen to her
3 was a traveller?
because she was a woman and
the idea was foreign. However, the
4 Read the texts again. Are the sentences king inoculated his children.
true (T), false (F) or is there no
information (N I)?
1 0 Lady Mary took her children to
Turkey.
Rosalind Franklin became
2 0 In the eighteenth century, most interested in science when she
British people weren't inoculated was at school. She wanted to
against smallpox. study science so she went to
3 0 At school, Rosalind Franklin didn 't Cambridge University where
she got a degree in chemistry.
enjoy science lessons.
4 0 Rosalind Franklin was friends with At the beginning of the 1950s,
Watson and Crick. she was doi ng research into the
5 0 Rosalind Franklin wasn't famous in stru cture of DNA. Two men,
James Watson and Francis Crick,
her lifetime.
were working on the same
6 0 The Bronte sisters wrote about their problem. When they realised
own lives. that her photographs were
7 0 The sisters had three brothers. sc ientific proof of the structure
of the DNA molecule, they
8 0 The sisters' poems made them
used her ideas to complete
famous. their research. Their discovery
of the structure of DNA was one of the greatest scientific
5 Find the verbs in blue in the text. discoveries of the twentieth century. When she died of
Complete the Word Builder with the cancer at the age of thirty-eight, most people didn't know
correct prepositions. how important her work was.

Word Builder
live tf1

learn 1
work 2
die 3
write 4
travel 5

17

In 1846, three 'brothers', Currer, Elli s and
Acton Bell, published thei r poems. Everyone
though t the w ri ters were men but they were
three sisters: Charl otte, Emily and Anne Bronte.
They used men's names because it was difficult
for women to publish books at that time.
When the sisters publi shed their first book of
poems, they sold onl y a few copies. However, in
1847, their novels (Charlotte's fa ne Eyre, Emi ly's
Wu thering Heights and Anne's Agnes Grey)
made them famo us. The young women used
thei r experi ences in their books. For examp le,
Charl otte wrote about her terrible experi ences
at boarding school. People thought the books
were shocking and nobody believed that women
w rote them. Fi nall y, two of the sisters travelled to
London to prove they weren't men.
6 Complete the sentences with the correct form
of the words from Exercise 5.
1 Lady Mary Wortley Montagu tmvellei to
Turkey with her husband.
2 Th e king inoculation f rom Lady
Mary.
3 The Bronte sisters the north of
4
England with their father and brother.
The sisters their experi ences in
th eir novels.
5 Rosalind Franklin the structure
of DNA.
6 She didn 't old age.
7 Preposition Quiz Choose the correct
preposition in the sentences.
1 I like listening at / to music.
2 I som etim es have to wai t jar / at buses.
3 I never worry on / about exams.
4 I don 't know a lot about / in astronomy.
5 I haven 't got enough money to pay by / jar a
new computer.
6 I so metimes think about / in myoid boyfri end.
~ Word Bank, page 106
18
8 Look at the Sentence Builder. Which of the
underlined words mean :
a) at t he same t ime as?
b) after?
Sentence Builder
When the sisters published their first book of
poems, they sold only a few copies.
WhenlWhile Lady Mary was living in Turkey,
she learnt about inoculation
9 Look at the sentences. In which of them can
you only use when?
1 Lady Mary Wortley Montagu wrote about life in
Turkey when / while she was living in Istanbul.
2 Lady Mary told people about smallpox
inoculation when / while she returned to
Britain.
3 When / While Crick and Watson saw Frankl in's
photos, they knew they were important.
4 When / While Franklin was doing her research,
Crick and Wa tson were doing similar work.
5 The scientists mad e one of t he twentieth
century's most important di scoveries when /
while they found th e structure of DNA.
Speaking
10 Work in pairs. Ask and answer the questions.
1 Which of the women in the texts do you t hink
is the most interest ing? Why?
2 What world· famous wom en do you know
from history?
3 What women do you know about from your
country's history?
4 What famous contemporary women do you
most admire?
11 ~ peak Out Why are there still more
famous male scientists, composers, artists and
leaders nowadays? Which of these reasons do
you think are most important? Tell the class.
• women have to look after th eir fam ilies
• it's more difficu lt for women to be successful
• women are not as interested in fame as men
act or FictioOn?
The first woman to win a
Nobel Prize was Marie
[ Sktodowska Curie.
Answer on page 92.
~ Page 94, Exercise 5
Katherine Watson lands
her dream job as an art
teacher at the prestigious
all-girls Wellesley College.
However, her liberal views
are out of place in the
conservative 1950s. She not
only butts heads with
college administrators who
object to progressive ideas,
but also with some ultra-
conservative students who
firmly believe a woman’s
role is to be a wife and
mother. However…………

Task
Write about the character, Katherine Watson (Julia Roberts), in the
movie, "Mona Lisa Smile."
1. What "stereotype" Watson represents.
2. The in-depth vision of the character, beyond the stereotype …
What might be the underlying conflicts, ideology, etc..?
3. The connection between the stereotypes that represent the
1950s and the stereotypes that represent our present days….
Are they similar? Have they changed? How? (Answer these
questions in the table below.

By: María del Mar Arboleda Caja

19
 Stereotypes in 1950s Stereotypes at present

Similarities

Differences

4. Look at the following names. They are some of the girls in the film.

Describe the role they represent. Add a picture of each one.

Name Role Picture

Connie baker

Betty Warren

Nancy Abbey

Giselle Levy

By: María del Mar Arboleda Caja

20
5. Which genre would you say the film is?

a) Comedy

b) Fiction

c) Drama

d) Adventure

6. What is your opinion about the film? Use some the

following introducing sentences:

The film is about ……

I think women.....

In my opinion ….

Finally ….

By: María del Mar Arboleda Caja

21
 Mona Lisa Smile Movie Guide Questions

1. What college was Katherine Watson going to be teaching at?

2. What subject was Katherine teaching?

3. Why didn’t Katherine end up living in the dorms?

4. What type of artwork did Katherine show on the first lecture?

5. What happened at Katherine’s first lecture she taught?

6. How did Katherine get the teaching job, according to the lady in the office
going through the files?

7. What show did Katherine’s roommate, Nancy, like, despite the main
character being a “communist”?

8. What did Nancy mean by “companion” when telling Katherine about the 3rd
roommate, Amanda?

9. What was the new syllabus outlined by Betty?

10. When the girls found the birth control in Giselle’s purse, what did Betty
imply about any girl having that?

11. What did Betty Warren write to the school newspaper about?

@2018 Middle School History Travelers

22
12. What happened to the nurse?

13. What type of classes was Nancy teaching at her house?

14. Why did Joan go speak with Katherine?

15. What were Joan’s plans after she got married?

16. What did Katherine put on Joan’s desk right before the exam started?

17. Why did Betty’s wedding seem so fancy and expensive?

18. Who did Joan introduce Katherine to?

19. Was there a relationship between Giselle and the Italian professor?

20. Nancy always claimed Lennie died in war.  What really happened to him?

21. What famous artwork did Katherine show the girls?

22. Who came to see Connie at the school?

23. What did the President of the college tell Katherine about her teaching
style?

24. What did Joan confide in Betty?

@2018 Middle School History Travelers

23
 25. During the dinner between Joan, Tommy, Betty, and Spencer, what was
pretty apparent between the two couples?

26. Who came to visit Katherine?

27. What exciting thing happened right before the Italian professor and Giselle
showed up?

28. Nancy told Katherine “See you next year.”  What was the next year?

29. What had Betty missed since her wedding?

30. What was Betty’s excuse for not coming to class?

31. Why did Giselle’s parents get divorced?

32. What was the next article that Betty wrote to the school newspaper about?

33. What did Katherine show her students in response to the article Betty
wrote?

34. What did the Italian professor say takes time?

35. What was Katherine’s rule when her and the Italian professor agreed to see
each other?

36. What did Betty say that upset Connie when they were by the pool?

@2018 Middle School History Travelers

24
37. What event did everyone go to all dressed up?

38. Do you think Giselle is really over the professor?

39. When Connie ran into Charlie at the dance, what revelation did she come to?

40. Why did Tommy tell Katherine to congratulate him?

41. What did Tommy say about Joan getting into Yale?

42. Where did Spencer end up going?

43. What did Betty’s mom say when Betty showed up at her house to stay the
night?

44. Why didn’t Joan want to apply to other law schools?

45. What did Giselle see when she was out on a date with a married man?

46. What did Connie do when she stormed into Charlie’s dorm?

47. Why do you think Betty started saying those rude things to Giselle?

48. If the college asked Katherine back, what did they want her to do?

49. What did the professor’s friend, Stan, reveal to Katherine?

@2018 Middle School History Travelers

25
 50. What reason did the professor say she really came to teach at Wellesley
for?

51. Betty’s mom came into the library to find her.  What had Betty done that
was so upsetting to Betty’s mom?

52. Would you accept the position the following school year, with all the
restrictions they are putting on Katherine?

53. Why didn’t Nancy want to go out and celebrate with Katherine?

54. What did all the students give Katherine?

55. Why was Betty looking for an apartment?

56. What was the last newspaper article Betty wrote to the school newspaper?

57. How did the girls say bye to Katherine?

58. Besides going to Europe, what do you think would be the next step for
Katherine?

59. Why do you think all the girls at Wellesley College were so drawn to
Katherine?

60. What did you think of Betty filing for divorce and changing her traditional
life she had agreed to?  What do you think her future holds for her?

@2018 Middle School History Travelers

26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
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 Vocabulary
and
grammar

48
49
15
50 20
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
21
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 EXTRA
MATERIAL

73
 UNIT 4:
PASSIVE VOICE

1
74
2
75
 3
76
4
77
 5
78
 PASSIVEV OICE ‐ 1
Flow chart shown below describes the process of making Banana Chips. Study them properly and fill in the
gaps using the proper form of verbs given into brackets.

(add, distribute, fry, leave, make, peel, put, remove, rinse, sell, slice, soak)

The flowchart shows how banana chips ________________________. First the bananas
________________________. by a special machine and then they ________________________. in water.
Next the clean bananas ________________________. into a chipping machine where they
________________________. into thin chips. After they ________________________. Once they are dry,
the banana chips ________________________. in hot oil in large deep fat fryers. The cooked banana
chips ________________________. from the fryers using a special sieve which allow all of the oil to
drain off. The banana chips ________________________. (then) to cool. When th ey have reached the
right temperature, spices ________________________. for extra taste. Finally, the banana chips are
packaged ready to ________________________. around the world and ________________________.

7
79
 Please
describe the process.

a) clay /dug b) clay/put/metal grid c) sand and water /mould

d) mould/put/drying oven d) mould/send/ cooling chamber
e) brick / package f) brick /deliver

8
80
 Let’s make some popcorn!

Popcorn is something you often eat when you watch a movie at a cinema. It is
very easy to make perfect popcorn if you follow the correct process. I will
outline it below.
First, three tablespoons of oil ......................................in a large pot.
Second, the pot ......................................on the stove and the oil
...................................... on a high flame. Third, one handful of popcorn
....................................... into the pot. The pot ......................................with a
lid until the corn pops. Next, the pot ......................................from the stove.
Finally, the popcorn ......................................into a large bowl, where melted
butter and salt .......................................
Making popcorn is very easy if you follow the steps above. Enjoy your movie and your
popcorn!

Ice-cream time!

It .......................... (know) that sweet dishes ............................ (cool) with snow and ice in ancient
times. These ........................... (enjoy) by the rich and powerful such as Alexander the great, the
Egyptian Pharaohs, and the Emperor Nero.
Sorbets, or water ices, can be found as from the 16th century, when they ........................
(introduce) in Florence. However, real ice-cream, made with fresh cream or milk,
............................. (produce) for the first time in the 1630s by Gerald Tissain, the French chef of
the British king, Charles I.
During the 18th century, ice-cream .................................. (eat) regularly at fashionable ice-cream
cafés in London, Paris and other great cities. It was still a great luxury, though. It
.............................. (know), for example, that George Washington spent $200 on ice-cream in just
two months in 1790.
The cost ......................... (reduce) when the first ice-cream factory ................................. (open) in
1851 by another American, George Fussel. Since the 19th century, though, it has been the Italians
who ............................ (see) as the great ice-cream makers. In the mid-19th century, for example,
ice-cream .................................... (sell) in the streets of London by as many as 30,000 Italians.
The Italian methods have been learnt by many others since those days, and so today excellent
ice-cream ............................. (make) and ................................... (enjoy) all over the world.

10
81
 13
82
Closer- The Chainsmoker

Listen to the song and complete the gaps with the verbs from the boxes in the right tense!
Hey, I………………1 just fine before I ……………2 you
I ……………3 too much and that’s an issue See - meet - be(x2) - tell
But I…………….4 okay - hope - drink - do
Hey, you ……………. 5 your friends
It ……………….6 nice to meet them
But I ………………7 I never ………………8 them again

I ………………………9 it …………………10 your heart

Moved to the city in a broke down car and
Four years, no calls Know - look - break
Now you…………………….11 pretty
In a hotel bar and I can’t stop
No, I can’t stop

So baby ……………..12 me closer

In the backseat of your Rover
That I …………………13 you can’t afford
Pull - bite - steal - know
……………14 that tattoo on your shoulder
Pull the sheets right off the corner
Of the mattress that you ………………………15
From your roommate back in Boulder
We ain’t ever getting older

We ain’t ever getting older

We ain’t ever getting older

You, ……………16 as good as the day I met you Forget - play - look -
I ……………. just why I ………….17 you, I ………….18 insane leave - be
Stay, and ……………….19 that Blink-182 song
That we beat to death in Tuscon, okay?

I ……………………...20 it …………………21 your heart

Moved to the city in a broke down car and
Four years, no call Look - know - break
Now I………………………….22 pretty
In a hotel bar and I can’t stop
No, I can’t stop

So baby ……………..23 me closer

In the backseat of your Rover
That I …………………24 you can’t afford Pull - bite - steal - know
……………25 that tattoo on your shoulder
Pull the sheets right off the corner
Of the mattress that you ………………………26
From your roommate back in Boulder
We ain’t ever getting older

We ain’t ever getting older

We ain’t ever getting older

Chorus

83
 MIRIAM- Norah Jones

Listen to the song and fill in the blank spaces with the words from the box.

Saved - Tell - Think - Did – Takes - Punished - Know – Die - Put – Take - Cry – Was - Hurt

Miriam, that's such a pretty name,

I'm gonna say it when I’ll make you 1…………………..
Miriam, you 2……………………. you’ve done me wrong
I'm gonna smile when you say goodbye

Oh I'm not the jelous type,

Never been the killing kind
But you know I know what you 3…………………
So don't 4…………………. up a fight

Miriam, when you were having fun

In my big pretty house, did you 5……………………. twice?
Miriam, 6……………………. it a game to you?
Was it a game to him?
Don't 7…………………… me lies
I know he said it's not your fault
But I don't believe that's true
I've 8 …………………….. him from ear to ear,
Now I've 9 …………………………. the best for you

And I tried not to10 ……………………….. you,

Cause you might not be that bad
But it 11………………………. a lot to make me go this mad

Oh Miriam that's such a pretty name

And I'll keep saying it, until you 12…………………..
Miriam, you know you’ve done me wrong
I'm gonna smile when you say goodbye
You know you’ve done me wrong,
I'm gonna smile when I 13……………………… your life

84
Photograph, Ed Sheeran.
Listen to the song and complete the gaps with the verb in the correct form.

Wait for me to come home

Wait for me to come home
Wait for me to come home
Wait for me to come home

Oh you can fit me

Inside the necklace you got when you ………15 (be)
sixteen.
Next to your heartbeat
Where I should be
Keep it deep within your soul
Loving can hurt
And if you …………..16 (hurt) me
Well that's ok baby only words bleed
Loving can hurt sometimes Inside these pages you just hold me
But it………………1 (be) the only thing And I …………. ever……….. 17 (not let) you go
That I know
When I'm away
And when it ………………2 (get) hard I ………………18 (remember) how you ………….19
You …………3 (know) it can get hard sometimes (kiss) me
It is the only thing that …….......4 (make) us feel Under the lamppost
alive Back on 6th street
Hearing your whisper through the phone
We ………….5 (keep) this love in a photograph Wait for me to come home.
We………….6 (make) these memories for ourselves
Where our eyes……… never …………….7 (close)
Hearts are never broken
And times are forever frozen still

So you can keep me

Inside the pocket
Of your ripped jeans
Holding me closer
Till our eyes meet
You ………. ever …………8 (be) alone
Wait for me to come home

Loving can ……………9 (heal)

Loving can ………………..10 (mend) your soul
And is the only thing
That I know (know)
I swear it ……………….11 (get) easier
Remember that with every piece of you
And it's the only thing we ………….12 (take) with us
when we die
(chorus)
And if you ………………..13 (hurt) me
Well that's ok baby only words bleed
Inside these pages you just hold me
And I …………… ever ……………14 (not let) you go

85
 USEFUL
PRINTABLE
WORKSHEETS
Shallow (Lady Gaga, Bradley Cooper)
1 - LISTEN AND COMPLETE WITH THE MISSING LAST WORD OF EACH SENTENCE
WORLD FOR GIRL MORE
2 - LISTEN AND ORDER THE SENTENCES
Tell me somethin', ……………..
Are you happy in this modern ..……….?
Or do you need …..……...?
Is there somethin' else you're searchin' ………...? …………. We're far from the shallow now
.………… Crash through the surface, where they can't hurt us
MYSELF CHANGE MYSELF FALLING .…………. I'll never meet the ground
………….. I'm off the deep end, watch as I dive in
I'm .……………..
In all the good times I find ……………... In the shallow, shallow
Longin' for ..………..…. In the shallow, shallow
And in the bad times I fear .………….. In the shallow, shallow
We're far from the shallow now
Oh, oh, oh, oh
HARDCORE VOID MORE BOY
Whoah!
Tell me something, ..…………….
….………… Crash through the surface, where they can't hurt us
Aren't you tired tryin' to fill that ………….?
……………. We're far from the shallow now
Or do you need .…..……....?
Ain't it hard keeping it so ……………….? ……………. I'll never meet the ground
…………….. I'm off the deep end, watch as I dive in
CHANGE MYSELF FALLING MYSELF
In the shallow, shallow
In the shallow, shallow
I'm .………………… In the shallow, shallow
In all the good times I find ..…………….
We're far from the shallow now
Longing for ……….……..
And in the bad times I fear ……….………
..............................................................................................................................
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86
 THE SCIENTIST – COLDPLAY

A. Listen to the song and complete the blank spaces with the correct word.
Come up to 1………………. you, 2…………… you I'm sorry
you don't know how lovely you 3…………………. FIND - BE - MEET -
I had to 4…………………. you NEED - TELL
tell you I 5…………………… you
tell you I set you apart

Tell me your 6………………………….

and ask me your 7……………………….
oh let's go back to the start SCIENCE - QUESTIONS -
Running in 8…………………………… CIRCLES - SECRETS
coming up tails
heads on a 9…………………………. apart

Nobody said it was easy

it's such a shame for us to part
nobody said it was easy
no one ever said it would be this hard
Oh take me back to the start

I was just 10……………………….

at 11……………………. and figures
pulling your 12………………………… apart NUMBERS – PUZZLES
Questions of science LOUD - GUESSING
science and progress
do not speak as 13…………………………… as my heart

14……………………… me you 15……………….. me

come back and 16………………………. me
oh and I 17……………………….. to the start LOVE - RUSH - TELL -
Running in circles HAUNT
chasing our tails
coming back as we are

Nobody said it was easy

oh it's such a shame for us to part
nobody said it was easy
no one ever said it would be so hard
I'm going back to the start

87
 THE SHOW MUST GO ON – QUEEN.
Listen to the song and complete the blank spaces with a verb from the box.

Want - face - Look - grow - Guess - learn - overkill - give - top - be - fly - Live(2) -
know (2) - leave

Empty spaces - what 1. …………………… we ……………………………. for

abandoned places - I guess we 2………………………. the score
on and on, 3…………………….. anybody …………………….. what we 4………… …………………… for?
another hero, another mindless crime
behind the curtain, in the pantomime
hold the line, 5………………….. anybody ……………………. to take it anymore?

The show must go on

the show must go on
inside my heart is breaking
my make-up may be flaking
but my smile still stays on.

whatever happens, I'll 6………………………… it all to chance

another heartache, another failed romance
on and on, 7………………….. anybody …………………… what we 8……….. …………………… for?

I guess I 9…………………………….., I must be warmer now

I'll soon 10 ………………………. turning, round the corner now
outside the dawn is breaking
but inside in the dark I'm aching to be free

the show must go on

the show must go on
inside my heart is breaking
my make-up may be flaking
but my smile still stays on

my soul is painted like the wings of butterflies

fairy tales of yesterday will 11 ………………………… but never die
I can 12 ……………………….. - my friends

the show must go on

the show must go on
I'll 13…………………… it with a grin
I 14………………. never ……………………….. in
on - with the show –

I'll 15………………………….. the bill; I'll 16………………………..

I have to find the will to carry on,
on with the -
on with the show -
the show must go on...

88
“We are the champions”

1.Listen to the song and complete the blank spaces.

I’ve………. my dues time after time pay / paid / pain

I’ve………. my sentence but committed no crime donne / did / done
And bad mistakes, I’ve………. a few make / made / maden
I’ve……. my share of sand kicked in my face but I’ve come through had / haden / have

We are the champions my friend

And we’ll keep on fighting till the end
We are the champions, we are the champions
No time for losers cos we are the champions of the world

I’ve……….. my bows and my curtain calls took / taken /take

You…………….me fame and fortune and everything that goes bought / brought/ bring
with it, I thank you all
But it’s……….. no bed of roses, no pleasure cruise be / been / being
I……………. it a challenge before the whole human race and consider / considered
I ain’t gonna lose

We are the champions my friend

And we’ll keep on fighting till the end
We are the champions, we are the champions
No time for losers cos we are the champions of the world

We are the champions my friend

And we’ll keep on fighting till the end
We are the champions, we are the champions
No time for losers cos we are the champions of the world

Go for it!

89
 WHITE FLAG – DIDO
a. Listen to the song and complete the blank spaces with the correct form of the following verbs.

Tell – move – love – try – say – put – go – be – pass – live – leave – cause – meet – talk - let

I know you think that I …………….. still …………. you,

I….………….. you that.
But if I …….………… it, well I'd still have felt it
where's the sense in that?

I promise I…………………………… to make your life harder

Or return to where we ………………

Well I ………………….. down with this ship

And I ……………………….. my hands up and surrender
There will be no white flag above my door
I'm in love and always will be

I know I ……………… too much mess and

destruction to come back again
And I ……………………… but nothing but trouble
I understand if you ……………………… to me again
And if you ………………………. by the rules of it's over
then I'm sure that that makes sense

Well I ……………………….. down with this ship

And I …………………………. my hands up and surrender
There will be no white flag above my door
I'm in love and always will be

And when we ……………………

Which I'm sure we will
All that was then
Will be there still
I……………………… it ………………….
And hold my tongue
And you will think
That I……………………………………. on....

Well I …………………….. down with this ship

And I ………………………. my hands up and surrender
There will be no white flag above my door
I'm in love and always will be
Chorus (x2)

b. Now, read the song. What is it about?

90
Song 5 – Story of My Life by One Direction


34

SONG 5
Story of My Life by One Direction

Learning Focus: Weather. Synonyms.

About One Direction

One Direction were a boy band that became very famous after singing in the
program The X Factor in 2010. The band were formed by Niall, Liam, Payne,
Harry and Louis. Story of My Life is one among their great hits and in the
videoclip you can see a little bit about the story of the band. What is the story of
your life?

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 Song 5 – Story of My Life by One Direction


35
Activities

1 - Listen to the song and complete the lyrics:

Written in these walls are the ______________

That I can't explain
I leave my heart open
But it stays right here empty for _____________

She told me in the _____________

She don't feel the same about us in her bones
It seems to me that when I die
These words will be written on my _______________

2 – Circle the correct alternative:

And I'll be gone gone NIGHT / TONIGHT

The ground beneath my FEET / LEED is open wide
The way that I've been holding on too TIGHT / CRY
With nothing in BETWEEN / IN

3 – Put the sentences in the correct order:

( ) I drive all night to keep her warm and time

( ) The story of my life I take her home
( ) The story of my life I give her hope

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Song 5 – Story of My Life by One Direction


36
( ) Until she's broke inside
( ) I spend her love
( ) Is frozen (the story of, the story of)
( ) The story of my life (the story of, the story of)

4 – Circle the correct alternative:

Written on these BALLS / WALLS

Are the colors that I can't CHANGE / CAGE
Leave my heart open
But it stays right here in its CHANGE / CAGE

I know that in the morning BOW / NOW

I see us in the light upon a hill
Although I am CHOSEN / BROKEN
My heart is untamed, still

5 – Put the words in the sentences in the correct

order:

tonight gone And be gone I'll

____________________________________________
is The fire my feet burning beneath bright
____________________________________________
way The that been holdin' on so tight I've
____________________________________________
between nothing in With
____________________________________________

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 Song 5 – Story of My Life by One Direction


37
6 – Put the sentences in the correct order:

( ) I drive all night to keep her warm and time

( ) I spend her love
( ) The story of my life I take her home
( ) Is frozen (the story of, the story of)
( ) Until she's broke inside
( ) The story of my life I give her hope
( ) The story of my life (the story of, the story of)

7 – Complete:

And I've been waiting for this ____________ to come around

But baby running ____________ you
Is like chasing the ____________

The story of my life I take her home

I drive all ____________ to keep her warm and time
Is frozen
The story of my ____________
I give her hope (give her hope)
I spend her love
Until she's broke ____________ (until she's broke inside)
The story of my life (the story of, the story of)
The story of my life
The story of my life (the story of, the story of)
The story of my life

94 Listening Activities Songs - Captain English Songs 2017 ©

Song 15 – With or Without You by U2

93

SONG 15
With or Without You by U2
Learning Focus: Definite and Indefinite
Articles. Weather. Body Parts.

About U2
U2 are an Irish rock band from Dublin formed in 1976. The members of the
group are: Bono, who is the lead singer and plays the guitar. The Edge, who is
back vocal, plays the guitar and the keyboards. Adam Clayton, who plays the
bass and the guitar. Finally, Larry Muller Jr., who plays the drums and
percussion. The group does live performances and are still famous nowadays.

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 Song 15 – With or Without You by U2

94
Activities

1 – Listen to the song and complete the lyrics:

See the _________ set in your eyes
See the _________ twist in your side
I _________ for you

Sleight of _________ and twist of fate

On a _________of nails, she makes me wait
And I ________ without you

With or without you

With or without you

Through the ________, we reach the shore

You ________ it all, but I want more
And I'm ________ for you

CHORUS

With or without you

With or without you
I can't live
With or without you

And you give yourself away

And you give yourself away
And you give
And you give
And you give yourself away

My hands are ________, my body bruised

She's_________ me with
Nothing to ________ and
Nothing left to ___________

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Song 15 – With or Without You by U2

95
And you give yourself away
And you give yourself away
And you give
And you give
And you give yourself away

Repeat Chorus

2 – Read the text again about U2 and choose T for true

and F for false sentences:

( ) U2 is a hip hop band.

( ) The band is from Dublin.
( ) They started their career in nineteen-seventy-six
( ) The band has five members.
( ) Bono is the lead singer.
( ) They don’t do live performances anymore.

3 – Circle the words related to the weather:

Fate – side – storm – eyes – sun – with – without – wind – rain

4 – Circle the words related to the body parts.

Arm – storm – side – eyes – hands – fate – yourself – away

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