PÚBLICAS

&    ‫ܬ‬$
†m7-l;m|ov7;oѴझঞ1-vি0Ѵb1-v

"†07bu;11bॕm7;uo‹;11bॕmmvঞ|†1bom-ѴŊ"Ŋ
 PÚBLICAS
Escuela Superior de Administración Pública ESAP

Autor

Equipo Componente 1

Proyecto ESAP – CMA

Junio 2022

y presentados en este curso sean

nv verídicos y que correspondan; sin embargo, y debido a la
naturaleza dinámica de internet, ESAP - CMA no puede responsabilizarse por el correcto y
adecuado funcionamiento de los mismos.

Las imágenes de este documento han sido compradas a través de: https://
/ es.123rf.f.fcom/
//
Tabla de contenido
!;v†l;m7;Ѵ-†mb7-77b7࢙1ঞ1- Ɠ

-Ѵ-0u-v1Ѵ-ˆ; ѵ

olr;|;m1b- ѵ

$;l-Ɛĺ-v;v1om1;r|†-Ѵ;v ƕ

bv|oub-‹7;v-uuoѴѴo7;Ѵ1-lro7;Ѵ-voѴझঞ1-vি0Ѵb1-v ƕ

oѴझঞ1-vি0Ѵb1-v1olo|;1moѴo]झ-7;]o0b;umo ƐƏ

$;l-Ƒĺuo0Ѵ;l-vrি0Ѵb1ovķruo0Ѵ;l-v7;roѴझঞ1-‹-];m7- ƐƐ

ѿ †࣐;v†mruo0Ѵ;l-rি0Ѵb1oĵ ƐƐ

ѿ†࢙m7o†mruo0Ѵ;l-rি0Ѵb1ov;1omˆb;u|;;moѴझঞ1-ি0Ѵb1-ĵ Ɛƒ

-v-];m7-vrি0Ѵb1-v1olov†01-lro7;;v|†7bo ƐƔ

$;l-ƒĺ$brov7;roѴझঞ1-vķ-1|ou;vķlo7;Ѵo7;7;1bvbॕmķ];vঞॕm‹oѴझঞ1-vি0Ѵb1-v Ɛƕ

$brov7;oѴझঞ1-vি0Ѵb1-v Ɛƕ

-7;1bvbॕm ƐƖ

ov-1|ou;v ƑƑ

;vঞॕm+oѴझঞ1-vি0Ѵb1-v Ƒѵ

Ѵov-ubo ƑѶ

!;=;u;m1b-v ƑƖ

†m7-l;m|ov7;oѴझঞ1-vি0Ѵb1-v
Resumen de la unidad didáctica
-v oѴझঞ1-v ি0Ѵb1-v v†u];m 1olo †m 1-lro 7;
;v|†7bo;mѴ-rov]†;uu-t†;r;ulbঠ--rѴb1-u;Ѵl࣐Ŋ
|o7o1b;mঠC1o-Ѵ-|ol-7;7;1bvbom;vrি0Ѵb1-vķv;
rѴ-m|;ॕ1olo†m-_;uu-lb;m|-7;]o0b;umor-u-Ѵ-
voѴ†1bॕm7;Ѵovruo0Ѵ;l-vrি0Ѵb1ov‹1om|ub0†झ--Ѵ-
1omv|u†11bॕm7;Ѵ-7;lo1u-1b-ĺ
-voѴझঞ1-vি0Ѵb1-vv;=†m7-m;mv-0;uѿ †࣐;v
†m ruo0Ѵ;l- rি0Ѵb1oĵ ‹ ѿॕlo v; voѴ†1bom-ĵ
m ;v|; v;mঞ7o Ѵ- m-|†u-Ѵ;Œ- 7;Ѵ ruo0Ѵ;l-ķ v†v
1-†v-vķ Ѵ- bm|;mvb7-7ķ Ѵ- 7†u-1bॕmķ Ѵ- 7bm࢙lb1-ķ  ;Ѵ
mিl;uo‹1-mঞ7-77;-=;1|-7ovķ-vझ1oloѴ-v1omŊ
v;1†;m1b-vķ 7;|;ulbm-m ;Ѵ ঞro 7; 7;1bvbॕm t†;
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PÚBLICAS
|ol- ;Ѵ ]o0b;umo |-m|o r-u- -];m7-u Ѵ- roѴझঞ1-ķ
1olor-u-7-uѴ-vvoѴ†1bom;vĺ-v-];m7-vrি0Ѵb1-v
1omvঞ|†‹;m;mvझlbvl-v†m1-lro7;;v|†7bo;m
;Ѵl-u1o7;Ѵ-voѴझঞ1-vি0Ѵb1-vĸv;1omˆb;u|;m;m
†m|;l-7;]o0b;umo‹;m|u-m;mѴ-Ѵbv|-7;Ѵov1†uŊ
vov7;-11bॕmroѴझঞ1-ĺ
 Šbv|;m ঞrov 7; roѴझঞ1-v t†; v; 7b=;u;m1b-m rou
v†v 1ov|ov ‹ 0;m;C1bovķ †mov vom 1om1;m|u-7ov
‹ o|uov 7b=†vovķ ;m ;v|- ;vঞl-1bॕmķ v; |ol-m Ѵ-v
7;1bvbom;v t†; r;ulbঞu࢙m =oul†Ѵ-u Ѵ-v roѴझঞ1-v ‹
v† blrѴ;l;m|-1bॕmĺ - |ol- 7; 7;1bvbom;v v; ;mŊ
1†;m|u-;m;Ѵl-u1o7;Ѵo7;Ѵo!-1bom-Ѵķ;m|;m7bŊ
7o1oloѴ-rovb0bѴb7-7t†;ঞ;m;mѴovbm7bˆb7†ov7;
|ol-u7;1bvbom;vķѴ-v1†-Ѵ;vm†m1-v;u࢙m;m1om|u-
7;v†vbm|;u;v;vķ;m|;m7b;m7oѴot†;;v0†;mor-u-
Ѵovbm7bˆb7†ovķ;v0†;mor-u-Ѵ-vo1b;7-7ĺ
"bm;l0-u]oķr-u-Ѵ-7;1bvbॕm;moѴझঞ1-vি0Ѵb1-v
;v u;Ѵ;ˆ-m|;ķ 7; -1†;u7o - Ѵov lo7;Ѵov u-1bom-Ŋ
Ѵ;vķ Ѵ- 1-mঞ7-7 ‹ Ѵ- 1-Ѵb7-7 7; bm=oul-1bॕm 1om Ѵ-
1†-Ѵ|ol-lovѴ-7;1bvbॕmĸ7;-ѴѴझv;7;vru;m7;mѴ-v
7;1bvbom;v 7;Ѵ ]o0b;umo r-u- -];m7-u ‹ 7bv;ो-u Ѵ-
-11bॕm 7; Ѵ-v oѴझঞ1-v ি0Ѵb1-vĸ o|uo Ѵ†]-u 7;v7;
;Ѵ 1†-Ѵ v; -rѴb1-m ;v 7;v7; Ѵov -ru;m7bŒ-f;v bmvঞŊ
|†1bom-Ѵ;vķ t†; r;ulb|;m u;1omo1;u v-Ѵb7-v - Ѵov
 PÚBLICAS

†m7-l;m|ov7;oѴझঞ1-vি0Ѵb1-v

ruo0Ѵ;l-v7;-11bom;vt†;Ѵ-vbmvঞ|†1bom;v_-‹-m
u;-ѴbŒ-7oo=oul†Ѵ-7o-m|;uboul;m|;ĺ

Ѵruo1;vo7;Ѵ-voѴझঞ1-vি0Ѵb1-vঞ;m;lol;m|ov
t†;v;7;Cm;m1olo7;-];m7-lb;m|o‹=oul†Ѵ-Ŋ
1bॕmķ 7; blrѴ;l;m|-1bॕm ‹ 7; ;ˆ-Ѵ†-1bॕmķ Ѵo 1†-Ѵ
1omvঞ|†‹;m;v1;m-ubov7;r-uঞ1br-1bॕm7om7;|oŊ
7ov Ѵov -1|ou;v vom blrou|-m|;vķ mo voѴo Ѵov t†;
7;l-m7-mѴ-roѴझঞ1-ķvbmo|-l0b࣐mѴovbm|;u;v-7ov
;m;ѴѴ-vĺ

Šbv|;m ;m=ot†;v bm|;uru;|-ঞˆb|ov 7; Ѵ-v oѴझঞ1-v

ি0Ѵb1-vt†;ruorom;mt†;;mѴ-7;l-m7-7;ruoŊ
0Ѵ;l-v rি0Ѵb1ov v; 1omv|u†‹;m 7bv1†uvov ;m|u; Ѵ-
vo1b;7-7‹;Ѵv|-7oķt†;voml;7b-7ov;mѴov;vŊ
1;m-ubov7;r-uঞ1br-1bॕmķ1omѴov;m=ot†;v7;]oŊ
0b;umoķ 1omv|u†‹;m7o †m- u;-Ѵb7-7 7bv1†uvbˆ- t†;
r†;7; |u-mv=oul-u Ѵ- 7;1bvbॕm -rou|-m7o m†;ˆov
;Ѵ;l;m|ov-Ѵ-v7;1bvbom;vr†u-l;m|;u-1bom-Ѵ;vĺ

ouিѴঞloķѴ-voѴझঞ1-vি0Ѵb1-vv;1omvঞ|†‹;m;m
†m-_;uu-lb;m|-7;];vঞॕm;mѴ--7lbmbv|u-1bॕmrিŊ
0Ѵb1-t†;v;;m1†;m|u-;m;Ѵl-u1o7;Ѵot†;v;_-
7;molbm-7o Ѵ- †;ˆ- ;vঞॕm ি0Ѵb1- Őőķ t†;
7;v-uuoѴѴॕ;Ѵv;mঞ7o7;†m-m†;ˆ-bmvঞ|†1bom-Ѵb7-7
t†; bm|uo7†1; ;Ѵ;l;m|ov 7;Ѵ v;1|ou rubˆ-7o ;m Ѵ-
=oul-7;|ol-uѴ-v7;1bvbom;vķ7om7;;m1om|u-lov
-Ѵ l;mov 7ov r†m|ov blrou|-m|;vķ t†; vom Ѵ- ;CŊ
1b;m1b-1olou-1bom-Ѵb7-7;1omॕlb1-‹Ѵ-;=;1ঞˆbŊ
7-7;mѴ-voѴ†1bॕm7;Ѵovruo0Ѵ;l-vrি0Ѵb1ovĺ

5
 PÚBLICAS
†m7-l;m|ov7;oѴझঞ1-vি0Ѵb1-v

Palabras
clave
• Problemas públicos
• Agendas de gobierno
• Actores
• Políticas Públicas
• Gestión pública

Competencia
olru;m7;Ѵ-v];m;u-Ѵb7-7;v‹
=†m7-l;m|ov 1om1;r|†-Ѵ;v 7;
Ѵ-voѴझঞ1-vি0Ѵb1-vķr-u-1omŊ
|ub0†bu-Ѵ-1omvoѴb7-1bॕm7;ѴvŊ
|-7o"o1b-Ѵ7; ;u;1_oĺ

6

†m7-l;m|ov7;oѴझঞ1-vি0Ѵb1-v
Historia y desarrollo del campo de las Políticas Públicas
Ѵ1-lro7;;v|†7bo7;Ѵ-voѴझঞ1-vি0Ѵb1-vv;7;Ŋ
v-uuoѴѴॕ;mѴ-7࣐1-7-7;ƐƖƔƏ;mѴovv|-7ov&mbŊ
7ov7;Ѵ-l-mo7;Ѵ1b;mঞv|-vo1b-Ѵ-uoѴ7-v‰;ѴѴĺ
Ѵm-1blb;m|o7;;v|;1-lro1obm1b7;1om;Ѵr;Ŋ
ubo7orov|";]†m7-†;uu-†m7b-Ѵķt†;blrѴb1ॕ
†m u;|o -Ѵ ]o0b;umo ;v|-7o†mb7;mv; ;m |࣐ulbmov
7; -f†v|-u Ѵ-v |;1moѴo]झ-v 7; ]o0b;umoķ 7; 1-u- -
Ѵovu;|ov;v|u-|࣐]b1ovbm|;umov‹;Š|;umov7;Ѵr-झvĺ
bm-Ѵl;m|;ķ Ѵ- 1om|ub0†1bॕm - Ѵ- 1omvŊ
Ѵ1-lro7;Ѵ-voѴझঞ1-vি0Ѵb1-vr-u--v‰;ѴѴv;
7;v-uuoѴѴ-;m|oumo-|u;v-vr;1|ov=†m7-l;m|-Ѵ;vĹ
m|;u7bv1brѴbm-ub;7-7ķ -rѴb1-1bॕm 7;Ѵ 1omo1blb;m|o
1b;mঠC1o-Ѵ-|ol-7;1bvbom;vroѴझঞ1-v‹oѴझঞ1-v
ি0Ѵb1-v 1olo 1om|ub0†1bॕm - Ѵ- 1omv|u†11bॕm 7;
Ѵ-7;lo1u-1b-ĺ
7
PÚBLICAS
Tema 1
Bases conceptuales
-bm|;u7bv1brѴbm-ub;7-7;vѴ-rovb0bѴb7-77;t†;;ŠŊ
r;u|ov 7; 7bˆ;uv-v ruo=;vbom;v r†;7-m ;v|-0Ѵ;1;u
†m 7b࢙Ѵo]o 7bv1brѴbm-ubo t†; 1om7†Œ1- - ruorom;u
voѴ†1bom;v vo0u; 7bˆ;uvov ruo0Ѵ;l-v rি0Ѵb1ovĺ -
-rѴb1-1bॕm7;Ѵ1omo1blb;m|o1b;mঠC1oru;|;m7;;vŊ
|-0Ѵ;1;u Ѵ-Œov ;m|u; Ѵ-v 1ol†mb7-7;v -1-7࣐lb1-v
‹ ;Ѵ v|-7oķ ;m =†m1bॕm 7; |;1mbC1-u ‹ 7-uѴ; ub]ou
1b;mঠC1o-Ѵruo1;vo7;bm|;uˆ;m1bॕm7;Ѵv|-7o;m
Ѵ- vo1b;7-7ĺ
|u†11bॕm7;Ѵ-7;lo1u-1b-;v;Ѵ_oubŒom|;moul-ঞˆo
Ő;Ѵ 7;0;u v;uő 7;Ѵ 1-lroķ r†;v v; r;mvॕ t†; 1om
l;fou;v-11bom;v-|u-ˆ࣐v7;oѴझঞ1-vি0Ѵb1-vķv;
1om|ub0†‹; -Ѵ 7;v-uuoѴѴo 7; †m ;m|oumo =-ˆou-0Ѵ;
r-u-;Ѵ;f;u1b1bo7;Ѵ-7;lo1u-1b-ĺ
 PÚBLICAS

†m7-l;m|ov7;oѴझঞ1-vি0Ѵb1-v

ѴbŒ-7-vĺvr;1|ov0†uo1u࢙ঞ1ovķroѴझঞ1ovķ7;]o0;uŊ
m-0bѴb7-7ķbm|;um-1bom-Ѵ;vķor;u-1bom-Ѵ;vķvom-Ѵ]†Ŋ
mov7;Ѵovr†m|ovbm1ourou-7ov;m;v|;v†01-lro
7;;v|†7boĺ

ोovl࢙v|-u7;ķ7;ubˆ-7o7;Ѵ-m;1;vb7-77;l;foŊ
u-uѴ-;C1b;m1b-7;Ѵ†vo7;Ѵovu;1†uvov7;ѴovruoŊ
]u-l-vrি0Ѵb1ov;bmY†;m1b-7ovrouѴov7;v-uuoѴѴov
;m ;ˆ-Ѵ†-1bॕm ;7†1-ঞˆ-ķ v; ;v|-0Ѵ;1b;uom Ѵov rubŊ
l;uov;v|†7bov7;;ˆ-Ѵ†-1bॕm7;oѴझঞ1-vি0Ѵb1-vĺ
v|ov ঞ;m;m 1olo 1;m|uo 7; -m࢙Ѵbvbv ;Ѵ ]u-7o 7;
mѴ-v7࣐1-7-vrov|;ubou;v-Ѵ|u-0-fo7;-v‰;ѴѴ‹ r;uঞm;m1b-ķu;v†Ѵ|-7oķor;u-1bॕm7;Ѵ-vroѴझঞ1-v‹
-m|; ;Ѵ 7;v-uuoѴѴo 7;Ѵ r;mv-lb;m|o 1b;mঠC1oŊu-Ŋ Ѵov ruo]u-l-v rি0Ѵb1ovĺ  Ѵo Ѵ-u]o 7; Ѵov -ोov Ѵ-
1bom-Ѵbv|- ;m Ѵov v|-7ov &mb7ovķ v; 7;v-uuoѴѴ-uom ;ˆ-Ѵ†-1bॕm _- 7;v-uuoѴѴ-7o m†l;uovov ;m=ot†;vķ
m†;ˆov ;m=ot†;v 7;m|uo 7;Ѵ 1-lro 7; Ѵ-v oѴझঞŊ t†;u;vrom7;m-m;1;vb7-7;v;vr;1झC1-v7;Ѵov|oŊ
1-vি0Ѵb1-vĺ$o7ov;ѴѴovķ;mѴovrubl;uov-ोovv; l-7ou;v7;7;1bvbom;vķ‹t†;ˆ-m7;v7;;ˆ-Ѵ†-1boŊ
;m=o1-uom;m;Ѵ;v|†7bo7;Ѵ-|ol-7;7;1bvbom;vķ m;vor;u-1bom-Ѵ;v_-v|-;ˆ-Ѵ†-1bom;v;1omol࣐|ubŊ
r†;vv;1u;झ-t†;†m-ˆ;Œv;|ol-0-†m-7;1bvbॕm 1-v‹7;blr-1|oĺ
0-v-7- ;m 1ub|;ubov u-1bom-Ѵ;vķ Ѵov ruo0Ѵ;l-v |;mŊ
7uझ-m†m-;ˆoѴ†1bॕm=-ˆou-0Ѵ;-v†u;voѴ†1bॕmĺ"bm
;l0-u]oķ;mѴov-ोovrov|;ubou;vv;;ˆb7;m1bॕt†;
mo 0-v|-0- 1om t†; Ѵ- 7;1bvbॕm |ol-7- =†;u- u-Ŋ
1bom-Ѵķ ‹- t†; _-0झ- -vr;1|ov ˆbm1†Ѵ-7ov - f†;]ov
roѴझঞ1ov‹7bm࢙lb1-v0†uo1u࢙ঞ1-vķt†;bmY†झ-m7;Ŋ
|;ulbm-7-l;m|;;mѴ-;ˆoѴ†1bॕm7;Ѵovruo0Ѵ;l-vĺ
;-ѴѴझv;7;v-uuoѴѴ-uomѴovrubl;uov;v|†7bovvo0u;
blrѴ;l;m|-1bॕmĺ

ov;v|†7bovvo0u;blrѴ;l;m|-1bॕm1;m|u-mv†-m࢙Ŋ
Ѵbvbv ;m Ѵ-v 7bˆ;uv-v 1om7b1bom;vķ t†; rovb0bѴb|-m o v|- v;1†;m1b- 7; 7;v-uuoѴѴo 7; |u;v v†01-lrov
blrb7;mt†;Ѵ-v7;1bvbom;v|ol-7-vv;-ml-|;ub-Ŋ =†m7-l;m|-Ѵ;v Ő=oul†Ѵ-1bॕmķ blrѴ;l;m|-1bॕm ‹

8
 PÚBLICAS
†m7-l;m|ov7;oѴझঞ1-vি0Ѵb1-v

;ˆ-Ѵ†-1bॕmő;v1om1ou7-m|;1omѴ-ˆbvbॕm7;Ѵ-oѴझŊ  bm-Ѵl;m|;ķ 1-0; u;v-Ѵ|-u t†; ;Ѵ 1-lro 7; ;v|†Ŋ

ঞ1-ি0Ѵb1-1olo†m1b1Ѵoķ;Ѵ1†-Ѵ=†;7;v-uuoѴѴ-7o 7bo7;Ѵ-voѴझঞ1-vি0Ѵb1-vķt†;_-|;mb7o†m7;Ŋ
rouom;vŐƐƖƕƏőķt†b;m1olru;m7झ-Ѵ-oѴझঞ1-িŊ v-uuoѴѴo mo|-0Ѵ; 7;v7; v† oub];m ;m Ѵ- 7࣐1-7- 7;
0Ѵb1-1olo†m1b1Ѵo1omvঞ|†b7orouѴ-=oul†Ѵ-1bॕmķ ƐƖƔƏķ_-;v|-0Ѵ;1b7o†m-]u-mˆ-ub;7-77;|;l-vķ
Ѵ- ;ˆ-Ѵ†-1bॕm ‹ Ѵ- blrѴ;l;m|-1bॕmĺ "bm ;l0-u]oķ v†01-lrov‹;m=ot†;v-m-Ѵझঞ1ovĺvझķv†01-lrov
-ोovl࢙v|-u7;v;;ˆb7;m1b-uomѴ-vѴblb|-1bom;v7; 1olo Ѵ- ;ˆ-Ѵ†-1bॕm ‹ Ѵ- blrѴ;l;m|-1bॕmķ 1†;m|-m
;v|-1om1;r1bॕm1झ1Ѵb1-7;Ѵ-roѴझঞ1-ķr†;vv;r†vo 1om ]u-m7;v 1ol†mb7-7;v -1-7࣐lb1-v ‹ 7; ruoŊ
;m 1omvb7;u-1bॕm Ѵ- vbl†Ѵ|-m;b7-7 7; ;v|-v |u;v =;vbom-Ѵ;vķ t†; v; _-m ;vr;1b-ѴbŒ-7o ;m -vr;1|ov
r-u|;v7;Ѵ1b1Ѵoķ-Ѵlol;m|o7;Ѵ-1omC]†u-1bॕm7; 1om1u;|ovķ‹t†;v;7b=;u;m1b-mv†v|-m1b-Ѵl;m|;7;
Ѵ-vroѴझঞ1-vķ;v7;1buķlb;m|u-vv;;v|࢙blrѴ;l;mŊ o|uov 1;m|uov 7; -m࢙Ѵbvbv 7; Ѵ-v oѴझঞ1-v ি0Ѵb1-vķ
|-m7o†m-roѴझঞ1-ķv;;v|࢙1omv|-m|;l;m|;u;=ouŊ 1olo rou ;f;lrѴo 7; Ѵov ;v|†7bov vo0u; =oul†Ŋ
l†Ѵ-m7o‹;ˆ-Ѵ†-m7oĺ Ѵ-1bॕm ‹ ;m=ot†;v 7; |;ouझ-v 7; u;7;vĺ $o7o ;v|o
1om|ub0†‹;--lrѴb-uѴ-v_;uu-lb;m|-v1omѴ-vt†;
r-uঞu7;Ѵ-vѴblb|-1bom;v7;Ѵ;m=ot†;1झ1Ѵb1oķv; ;Ѵ v|-7o ‹ Ѵ- vo1b;7-7 1†;m|-m r-u- ;v|-0Ѵ;1;u
;v|-0Ѵ;1b;uomm†;ˆ-v=oul-v7;-m-ѴbŒ-uѴ-voѴझঞŊ oub;m|-1bom;v|;m7b;m|;v-Ѵ-u;voѴ†1bॕm7;ѴovruoŊ
1-vি0Ѵb1-vķt†;1olr-u|;m;Ѵu;1_-Œo--m-ѴbŒ-uŊ 0Ѵ;l-vrি0Ѵb1ovĺ
Ѵ-v7;v7;†m-7bˆbvbॕm;m|u;vr-u|;vķ;v|-0Ѵ;1b;m7o
m†;ˆ-v†mb7-7;v7;-m࢙Ѵbvbvt†;vom|u-vˆ;uv-Ѵ;v-
1†-Ѵt†b;ulol;m|o7;Ѵ-roѴझঞ1-ĺm];m;u-Ѵ;v|ov
;m=ot†;vr†;7;mv;u-]u†r-7ovv;]িm!o|_ŐƑƏƏƑő
;m|;ouझ-v1;m|u-7-v;mѴ-vo1b;7-7ķ1oloѴov;m=oŊ
t†;vl-uŠbv|-vķu-1bom-Ѵbv|-v‹7;;Ѵ;11bॕmrি0Ѵb1-ĺ
; o|uo Ѵ-7o v; ;m1†;m|u-m Ѵ-v |;ouझ-v 1;m|u-7-v
;m ;Ѵ v|-7oķ 7om7; v; 7;v-uuoѴѴ-m Ѵov ;m=ot†;v
7;1bvbombv|-v ‹ -Ѵ]†mov m;ol-uŠbv|-vĺ bm-Ѵl;m|;ķ
;v|࢙m Ѵ-v |;ouझ-v lbŠ|-vķ Ѵ-v 1†-Ѵ;v v; -r-u|-m 7;Ѵ
u-1bom-Ѵbvlo;1omolb1bv|-‹7;Ѵ;v|-7o1;m|ubvloķ
‹;m|u;Ѵ-vt†;v;;m1†;m|u-m;Ѵ;m=ot†;m;o1oroŊ
u-ঞˆbv|-ķѴovm;obmvঞ|†1bom-ѴbvlovŐ;1omॕlb1oķvoŊ
1boѴॕ]b1oķ _bv|ॕub1oő ‹ Ѵ-v m;|‰ouh |_;oub;v ŐroѴb1‹
m;|‰ouhķroѴb1‹1ol†mb|‹ķ-7ˆo1-1‹1o-Ѵbঞomvőĺ

9
 PÚBLICAS
†m7-l;m|ov7;oѴझঞ1-vি0Ѵb1-v

Políticas Públicas como tecnología de gobierno

-voѴझঞ1-vি0Ѵb1-vr†;7;mv;u7;Cmb7-v1olo

ľruo1;vov7;m-|†u-Ѵ;Œ-;1omॕlb1-ķvo1b-ѴķroѴझঞ1-‹1†Ѵ|†u-Ѵķ1-u-1|;ubŒ-7ovrou=oul-v7;bm|;uˆ;m1bॕm7;Ѵ
;v|-7o ;m1-lbm-7-v - voѴ†1bom-u ruo0Ѵ;l-v 1omvb7;u-7ov vo1b-Ѵl;m|; u;Ѵ;ˆ-m|;vķ -|;m7b;m7o - ࢙l0b|ov 7;
-1|†-1bॕm;mѴov1†-Ѵ;vv;0†v1-7bvrom;u7;;f;v1ol†m;v7;oub;m|-1bॕmķ1omঞm†b7-7‹vov|;mb0bѴb7-7;m;Ѵ
ঞ;lrorour-u|;7;-†|oub7-7;v;v|-|-Ѵ;vĸ-7;l࢙v7;l;7bov7;;v|-0bѴbŒ-1bॕm‹1o;u1bॕmt†;]-u-mঞ1;m;Ѵ
Ѵo]uo7;o0f;ঞˆovķѴ-];m;u-1bॕm7;u;v†Ѵ|-7ov;vr;u-7ovķѴ-1omv;1†1bॕm7;1om7b1bom;v7;v;-7-v‹7;1olŊ
rou|-lb;m|ovvo1b-Ѵ;v-7lbvb0Ѵ;vĿŐoŒ-moķƑƏƏѶķrĺƐѵőĺ

-voѴझঞ1-vি0Ѵb1-vvom†m-|;1moѴo]झ-7;]o0b;uŊ
moķ†ঞѴbŒ-7-vrou;Ѵv|-7or-u-|u-|-u7;u;voѴˆ;u
ruo0Ѵ;l-vvo1b-Ѵ;vt†;-=;1|-m;Ѵ;f;u1b1bo7;]oŊ
0b;umoĺ  7b=;u;m1b- 7; Ѵ-v |;1moѴo]झ-v 1Ѵ࢙vb1-v 7;
rѴ-m;-1bॕm rি0Ѵb1-ķ Ѵ-v oѴझঞ1-v ি0Ѵb1-v 0†v1-m
bm|;uˆ;mburuo0Ѵ;l-v1om1u;|ovķ1omu;1†uvovѴblbŊ
|-7ov‹vbm†m-ˆbvbॕm7;v†vblrѴb1-1bom;v=u;m|;-Ѵ
vbv|;l-vo1b-Ѵ;m];m;u-Ѵĺ
oub;m|-m_-1b-Ѵॕ]b1-v7;ro7;uroѴझঞ1o‹7;or;Ŋ
u-1bॕm;v|-|-Ѵĺ;uovbķrou;Ѵ1om|u-uboķѴ-u;Ѵ-1bॕm
v;bmˆb;u|;ķ;mѴ-rubl-1झ-7;Ѵl;u1-7ovo0u;;ѴvŊ
|-7oķѴ-v;v|-voub;m|-mv†or;u-1bॕm-Ѵॕ]b1-v7;
o=;u|-‹7;l-m7-vĺ ;;v|-l-m;u-ķ;Ѵf†;]o7;
Ѵ-voѴझঞ1-vি0Ѵb1-vl࢙v-ѴѴ࢙7;Ѵ-v1†;vঞom;v|࣐1Ŋ
mb1-vķv;7-;m;ѴrѴ-mo7;ѴoroѴझঞ1o‹Ѵou;Ѵ-1bom-Ѵ
;m|u;Ѵ-v|u;v=†;uŒ-vŐv|-7oŊvo1b;7-7Ŋl;u1-7oőĺ

-u;Ѵ-1bॕmv|-7oŊvo1b;7-7Ŋl;u1-7o7;|;ulbm-Ѵ-
1omC]†u-1bॕm7;Ѵ-voѴझঞ1-vি0Ѵb1-vĺ-=oul-;m
Ѵ- t†; Ѵ- vo1b;7-7 7;Cm; v† 1†;uro roѴझঞ1oķ 1om
v†v-|ub0†|ovķѴblb|-1bom;v‹ˆbvbॕm;v|u-|࣐]b1-ķr;uŊ
CѴ- Ѵ-v 1-u-1|;uझvঞ1-v ];m;u-Ѵ;v 7; Ѵ-v =oul-v 7;
bm|;uˆ;m1bॕm vo0u; Ѵov ruo0Ѵ;l-v vo1b-Ѵ;vĺ ou
;f;lrѴoķ 1†-m7o Ѵ-v vo1b;7-7;v 7;1b7;m Ѵblb|-u ‹
v†r;7b|-u;Ѵl;u1-7o-Ѵ-v7;1bvbom;vroѴझঞ1-vt†;
v; |ol-m ;m ;Ѵ v|-7oķ Ѵ-v oѴझঞ1-v ি0Ѵb1-v v;

10

†m7-l;m|ov7;oѴझঞ1-vি0Ѵb1-v
problemas de política y agenda
¿Qué es un problema público?
&mruo0Ѵ;l-rি0Ѵb1o;v†m-vb|†-1bॕm7;bmv-ঞv=-1Ŋ
1bॕmt†;-=;1|--†m7;|;ulbm-7omিl;uo7;r;uŊ
vom-vot†;blrb7;‹Ѵblb|-Ѵ--11bॕm7;Ѵ]o0b;umoĺ
-u-t†;†mruo0Ѵ;l-v;-1omvb7;u-7o1oloľrিŊ
0Ѵb1oĿķv;u;t†b;u;t†;];m;u;†mmbˆ;Ѵ7;1omYb1|o
;bmv-ঞv=-11bॕmķr-u-t†;Ѵo]u;†mmbˆ;Ѵ7;ˆbvb0bѴbŊ
7-7-m|;;Ѵ]o0b;umoķѴ-orbmbॕmrি0Ѵb1-ķѴovl;7bov
7;1ol†mb1-1bॕmķ;m|u;o|uov-1|ou;vĺ
†mt†;7;m|uo7;Ѵ-vo1b;7-7;Šbv|;mm†l;uovov
ruo0Ѵ;l-vķmo|o7ovvomľruo0Ѵ;l-vrি0Ѵb1ovĿĺ-u-
-1h;uŐƐƖƖƔőķ†mruo0Ѵ;l--Ѵ1-mŒ-Ѵ-molbm-1bॕm
7; ľrি0Ѵb1oĿ 1†-m7o l†;v|u- 1-u;m1b-v o0f;ঞˆ-v
11
PÚBLICAS
Tema 2
Problemas públicos,
7; Ѵ- vo1b;7-7ķ Ѵ-v 1†-Ѵ;v r†;7;m v;u ;ˆb7;m1b-Ŋ
7-vroul;7bo7;;v|†7bovķ‹1†-m7o-1|ou;v1om
ro7;umolbm-m;Ѵruo0Ѵ;l-1olovb|†-1bॕm7;bmŊ
|;u࣐vrি0Ѵb1oĺ
ovouझ];m;v7;Ѵovruo0Ѵ;l-vrি0Ѵb1ovr†;7;m;mŊ
1om|u-uv;;m|u;vvb|†-1bom;v=†m7-l;m|-Ѵ;vĹbmv-Ŋ
ঞv=-11bॕmu;vr;1|o-Ѵ-ruoˆbvbॕm7;0b;m;v‹v;uˆbŊ
1bovķ-†v;m1b-7;bm|;uˆ;m1bॕm;v|-|-Ѵķ‹rou-11bॕm
7;o|u-vroѴझঞ1-vĺ
-bmv-ঞv=-11bॕmu;vr;1|o-Ѵ-ruoˆbvbॕm7;0b;m;v‹
v;uˆb1bovo1†uu;1†-m7o†m-r-u|;blrou|-m|;7;Ѵ-

†m7-l;m|ov7;oѴझঞ1-vি0Ѵb1-v
ro0Ѵ-1bॕm mo ;v|࢙ 1olrѴ-1b7- 1om Ѵ- bm|;uˆ;m1bॕm
7;Ѵ]o0b;umoķ7;0b7o-t†;1omvb7;u-mbmv†C1b;m|;Ѵ-
-11bॕmot†;࣐v|-v;7;v-uuoѴѴ;7;l-m;u-7;C1b;mŊ
|;ĺv7;1buķ1†-m7oѴ-blrѴ;l;m|-1bॕm7;7;|;ulbŊ
m-7-oѴझঞ1-ি0Ѵb1-moঞ;m;†m;=;1|o7;l;fou-
vo0u;7;|;ulbm-7-vb|†-1bॕmruo0Ѵ;l࢙ঞ1-ķ_-1b;m7o
t†;Ѵ-ro0Ѵ-1bॕm-=;1|-7-;m|u;;m1omYb1|o1omѴ-v
7bu;1|ub1;v‹Ѵ-or;u-1bॕm7;7b1_-roѴझঞ1-ĺ
bm-Ѵl;m|;ķ 1-0; u;v-Ѵ|-u t†; Ѵ- b7;mঞC1-1bॕm 7;
--†v;m1b-7;bm|;uˆ;m1bॕm;v|-|-Ѵo1†uu;1†-m7o
_-‹ vb|†-1bom;v t†;ķ rou 1om7b1bom;v ];o]u࢙C1-vķ
7;1ov|ovbmvঞ|†1bom-Ѵ;v‹;1omॕlb1ovķo-m1Ѵ-7ov
-ruo0Ѵ;l࢙ঞ1-vt†;7;v0ou7-m;Ѵro7;u7;Ѵv|-Ŋ
7oķblrb7;mt†;_-‹-†m-bm|;uˆ;m1bॕm;v|-|-Ѵķt†;
rou|-m|o];m;u-m†mmbˆ;Ѵ7;1omYb1|o‹7;bmv-Ŋ
ঞv=-11bॕm-Ѵ|oĺ&m;f;lrѴo;vѴ-oub;m|-1bॕm;v|-|-Ѵ
- mo bm|;uˆ;mbu -Ѵ]†mov |†]†ubov †u0-movķ 7;0b7o
-Ѵov1ov|ovŐroѴझঞ1ovķ;1omॕlb1ov‹vo1b-Ѵ;vőt†;
v†rom;mķ Ѵo t†; r†;7; ];m;u-u bmv-ঞv=-11bॕm 7;
_-0b|-m|;v 7; Œom-v 1omঞ]†-vķ _-v|- ;Ѵ r†m|o 7;
t†;v;-1omvb7;u-7o1olo†mruo0Ѵ;l-vo1b-Ѵl;mŊ
|;u;Ѵ;ˆ-m|;ĺ
12
PÚBLICAS
-uঞ;m7o7;Ѵ-1omvb7;u-1bॕm7;t†;Ѵ-voѴझঞ1-v
ি0Ѵb1-v -=;1|-m - 7bvঞm|ov ࢙l0b|ov 7; Ѵ- vo1b;Ŋ
7-7ķ 1†-Ѵt†b;u bm|;uˆ;m1bॕm 7;Ѵ ]o0b;umo oub;m|-Ŋ
7- - |u-|-u 7; u;vrom7;u †m ruo0Ѵ;l- ;vr;1झC1oķ
r†;7;m];m;u-um†;ˆovruo0Ѵ;l-vrি0Ѵb1ovoroŊ
|;m1b-uvb|†-1bom;v7;bmv-ঞv=-11bॕmt†;ˆbvb0bѴb1;m
ruo0Ѵ;l-v ‹- ;Šbv|;m|;vķ r;uo t†; -িm mo v;-m
1omvb7;u-7ov1olorি0Ѵb1ovĺou;f;lrѴoķ†m-roŊ
Ѵझঞ1-r-u-bm|;uˆ;mbuŒom-v7;rublb7-v7;Ѵ-1b†7-7ķ
;m7om7;ˆbˆ;†m-]u-mro0Ѵ-1bॕm7;_-0b|-m|;v7;
1-ѴѴ;ķr†;7;ˆbvb0bѴbŒ-uruo0Ѵ;l-v7;-vbv|;m1b-voŊ
1b-Ѵ-;v|-ro0Ѵ-1bॕmķ-vझ1olo];m;u-uѴ-lb]u-1bॕm
7; ;v|ov _-0b|-m|;v - Œom-v 7; Ѵ- 1b†7-7ķ 7om7;
r†;7;m v;u r;u1b0b7ov 1olo ľbm7;v;-0Ѵ;vĿķ 1u;-mŊ
7o†m-vb|†-1bॕmruo0Ѵ;l࢙ঞ1-t†;r†;7;ѴѴ;]-u-
1omˆ;uঞuv;;m†mruo0Ѵ;l-rি0Ѵb1oĺ
Ѵovruo0Ѵ;l-vrি0Ѵb1ovķ;v†m-Ѵ-0ouv†0f;ঞˆ-ķu;-Ŋ
ѴbŒ-7-rou†m-]u-m7bˆ;uvb7-77;-1|ou;vt†;ķ7;Ŋ
r;m7b;m7o7;v†rovb1bॕm7;ro7;u‹7;v†vˆ-ѴoŊ
u;v‹1omo1blb;m|oķ1-u-1|;ubŒ-mѴ-vb|†-1bॕm7;†m-
l-m;u-7-7-ĺ

†m7-l;m|ov7;oѴझঞ1-vি0Ѵb1-v
¿Cuándo un problema público se convierte en Política Pública?
o|o7ovѴovruo0Ѵ;l-vrি0Ѵb1ovvomv†v1;rঞ0Ѵ;v
7;bm|;uˆ;m1bॕmrour-u|;7;Ѵv|-7oĺ†m1†-m7o
Ѵ-ˆbvb0bѴb7-77;Ѵruo0Ѵ;l-_-1;t†;r-u;Œ1-bm;ˆbŊ
|-0Ѵ;-Ѵ]িmঞro7;bm|;uˆ;m1bॕmķ;v|omov†1;7;vb
mo_-‹†m-7;1bvbॕmroѴझঞ1-rour-u|;7;Ѵv|-7oĺ
†-m7o;Ѵruo0Ѵ;l-rি0Ѵb1o;v1omvb7;u-7o1olo
blrou|-m|;r-u-;Ѵ]o0b;umov;bmb1b-†mruo1;vo7;
7;Cmb1bॕm7;Ѵruo0Ѵ;l-ĺ
m;Ѵruo1;vo7;7;Cmb1bॕm7;ruo0Ѵ;l-bm|;uˆb;Ŋ
m;m†m-]u-mˆ-ub;7-77;-1|ou;vķt†;7;v7;v†v
rovb1bom;vķѴ†1_-mr-u-t†;v†b7;mঞC1-1bॕm‹ˆbŊ
vbॕm 7; Ѵ- vb|†-1bॕm vo1b-Ѵl;m|; ruo0Ѵ;l࢙ঞ1- v;-
bm1ourou-7-7;m|uo7;Ѵ-m-uu-ঞˆ-oC1b-Ѵ7;ѴruoŊ
0Ѵ;l-ĺ ; ;v|- l-m;u-ķ 7bˆ;uvov r†m|ov 7; ˆbv|-
vo0u;;Ѵruo0Ѵ;l-rি0Ѵb1ov;;m=u;m|-mķ7;v7;7b=;Ŋ
u;m|;voubѴѴ-vb7;oѴॕ]b1-vķ0†v1-m7o†movbm|;u;v;v
;vr;1झC1ovķ-1olr-ो-7ov7;†m-]u-mˆ-ub;7-77;
u;1†uvov7;ro7;uĺ
13
PÚBLICAS
Ѵ -m-Ѵbv|- Őo =†m1bom-ubo 7; ]o0b;umoő ;m1-u]-7o
7;7;Cmbu;Ѵruo0Ѵ;l-ķv;;m=u;m|--|o7-†m-v;ub;
7; 1omvb7;u-1bom;vķ t†; bm1Ѵ†‹;m -vr;1|ov |࣐1mbŊ
1ovķb7;oѴॕ]b1ov‹;v|u-|࣐]b1ovĺѴr-r;Ѵ7;Ѵ-m-Ѵbv|-
;v7;v-uuoѴѴ-u†m--u]†l;m|-1bॕmķ0-v-7-;m7-|ov
1†-mঞ|-ঞˆov‹1†-Ѵb|-ঞˆovķѴ-1†-Ѵ;vѴ-0-v;7;Ѵ-
molbm-1bॕmoC1b-Ѵ7;Ѵruo0Ѵ;l-ĺou|-m|oķѴ-7;CŊ
mb1bॕm7;࣐v|;;v-m|;|o7o†m|;l-7bv1†uvbˆoĺ
!o|_ŐƑƏƏƑőv;ो-Ѵ--Ѵ]†movr-vovt†;r†;7;mv;u
িঞѴ;v-Ѵ-_ou-7;7;Cmbu†mruo0Ѵ;l-Ĺ
Ŏ - m-|†u-Ѵ;Œ-Ĺ ѿm t†࣐ 1omvbv|; ;Ѵ ruo0Ѵ;Ŋ
l-ĵ
Ŏ -v 1-†v-vĹ ѿm t†࣐ 1om7b1bom;v v†u]bॕ ;Ѵ
ruo0Ѵ;l-‹1†࢙Ѵ;vvomv†v1-†v-vĵ
Ŏ -7†u-1bॕmĹѿѴruo0Ѵ;l-;v7†u-7;uoor-Ŋ
v-f;uoĵ
Ŏ -7bm࢙lb1-Ĺѿvrovb0Ѵ;o0v;uˆ-u†m-;ˆoŊ
Ѵ†1bॕm7;Ѵruo0Ѵ;l-ĵ
Ŏ ov-=;1|-7ovĹѿ †b࣐m;vvomѴov-=;1|-7ov
rou;Ѵruo0Ѵ;l-‹7;t†࣐lo7oѴo;v|࢙mĵ
Ŏ -v1omv;1†;m1b-vĹѿ †࣐Ѵ;v†1;7;uझ--Ѵov
-=;1|-7ovvbmov;bm|;uˆb;m;ĵ
 PÚBLICAS

†m7-l;m|ov7;oѴझঞ1-vি0Ѵb1-v

-l-m;u-;mѴ-t†;v;7;Cm;;Ѵruo0Ѵ;l-7;Ѵblb|- Ŏ $b;m; †m- 1-u]- ;loঞˆ- =†;u|; t†; -|u-;

;m]u-ml;7b7-v†vrovb0Ѵ;vvoѴ†1bom;vĺou;f;lŊ Ѵ--|;m1bॕm7;Ѵovl;7bov7;1ol†mb1-1bॕmĺ
rѴoķvb;Ѵruo0Ѵ;l-7;ˆboѴ;m1b-†u0-m-;v7;v1ub|o Ŏ 7t†b;u;†m-blrou|-m1b-]Ѵo0-Ѵt†;;mv†v
7;v7; †m- r;uvr;1ঞˆ- 7; Ѵ- 1ublbm-Ѵb7-7ķ Ѵ-v roŊ bmb1bovmo|;mझ-ĺ
vb0Ѵ;v voѴ†1bom;v v; oub;m|-m - u;=oul-v -Ѵ 1ॕ7b]o
Ŏ †-u7-mu;Ѵ-1bॕm1om1†;vঞom;v7;Ѵ;]bঞŊ
r;m-Ѵķ -†l;m|o 7; oC1b-Ѵ;v 7; roѴb1झ- r-u- -|-1-u
lb7-7‹ro7;uķѴ-v1†-Ѵ;vvomv;mvb0Ѵ;vr-u-
;Ѵ 1ubl;mķ ;m|u; o|uovĺ ;uoķ vb rou ;Ѵ 1om|u-ubo Ѵ-
;Ѵro7;urি0Ѵb1oĺ
7;Cmb1bॕm7;Ѵruo0Ѵ;l-7;ˆboѴ;m1b-†u0-m-ķv;_-1;
|;mb;m7o;m1†;m|-=-1|ou;vvo1b-Ѵ;v‹;1omॕlb1ovķ Ŏ "om |;l-v t†; -Ѵ1-mŒ-m ]u-m mo|oub;7-7
Ѵ-vrovb0Ѵ;vvoѴ†1bom;vr†;7;mv;u-vr;1|ov7;roŊ rি0Ѵb1-7;0b7o-t†;v;u;Ѵ-1bom-m1om|;mŊ
Ѵझঞ1-vvo1b-Ѵ;v;m=o1-7-v-Ѵ-ru;ˆ;m1bॕmķl;fou-7; 7;m1b-voˆ-Ѵou;v7;lo7-Ő"†0bu-|vķƐƖƖƓőĺ
;m|oumov;v1oѴ-u;v‹†u0-movķ;m|u;o|uovĺ
-u-t†;;Ѵ|;l-v;-r-u|;=oul-Ѵ7;Ѵ--];m7-ķv;
Agendas u;t†b;u;7;Ѵ-bmY†;m1b-roѴझঞ1-7;7bˆ;uvov-1|oŊ
u;vŐ;lru;v-ubovķroѴझঞ1ovķvo1b;7-71bˆbѴķ$-mt†;v
7; r;mv-lb;m|oőķ t†b;m;v †ঞѴbŒ-m v†v u;1†uvov 7;
†;]o t†; †m ruo0Ѵ;l- rি0Ѵb1o ;v 7;Cmb7o rou
ro7;u‹ѴovloˆbѴbŒ-m;m=†m1bॕm7;Ѵ1†lrѴblb;m|o
;Ѵ ]o0b;umoķ r†;7; _-1;u |u࢙mvb|o - Ѵ- 7;molbm-Ŋ
7;v†vo0f;ঞˆovĺѴѴo00‹ķѴ-vruo|;v|-vķѴ-v1-lr-Ŋ
7- ľ-];m7- rি0Ѵb1-Ŀĺ v|o o1†uu; 1†-m7o ঞ;m; †m-
ो-v7;1ol†mb1-1bॕmķvom-Ѵ]†mov7;Ѵovu;r;u|oŊ
]u-m u;Ѵ;ˆ-m1b- r-u- Ѵov ro7;u;v rি0Ѵb1ovĺ m ;v;
ubov†ঞѴbŒ-7ovrouѴov7bˆ;uvov-1|ou;vĺ
lol;m|o;Ѵruo0Ѵ;l-rি0Ѵb1or-v--7;molbm-uv;
ľ|;l-Ŀĺ
7;l࢙v7;Ѵ-bmY†;m1b-roѴझঞ1-ķѴovro7;u;vrি0ѴbŊ
1ov|ol-m;m1omvb7;u-1bॕmt†;;Ѵ|;l-|;m]-†m
--];m7-rি0Ѵb1-;v;ѴѴbv|-7o7;|;l-vt†;ˆ-m-
]u-7o7;-ro‹oblrou|-m|;ķt†;-‹†7;-1omvoѴb7-u
v;ubm|;uˆ;mb7ovrou;Ѵv|-7oĺ&m|;l-r†;7;v;u
†m;m|oumo=-ˆou-0Ѵ;r-u-;Ѵl-m;fo7;Ѵ]o0b;umo
r-u|;7;Ѵ--];m7-rি0Ѵb1-1†-m7oĹ
vo0u;;Ѵruo0Ѵ;l-ĺ]†-Ѵl;m|;ķ;Ѵmbˆ;Ѵ7;blr-1|o
vo0u;Ѵ-u;-Ѵb7-7‹Ѵ-ˆb-0bѴb7-7ŐroѴझঞ1-ķ;1omॕlb1-ķ
Ŏ - -Ѵ1-mŒ-7o ruorou1bom;v 7; 1ubvbv ‹ -ѴŊ
vo1b-Ѵő7;†m-rovb0Ѵ;voѴ†1bॕmķvom;Ѵ;l;m|ov;vŊ
1-mŒ-†mmbˆ;Ѵ7;†u];m1b-u;Ѵ;ˆ-m|;ĺ
|u†1|†u-Ѵ;vt†;7;Cm;mvb†m|;l-;m|u-Őomoő-v;u
Ŏ - -7t†bub7o 7;|;ulbm-7-v 1-u-1|;uझvঞ1-vķ r-u|;7;Ѵ--];m7-Ő"†0bu-|vķƑƏƏƕőĺ
t†;Ѵo_-1;m7b=;u;m|;-ruo0Ѵ;l࢙ঞ1-vl࢙v
];m;u-Ѵ;vĺ

14
 PÚBLICAS
†m7-l;m|ov7;oѴझঞ1-vি0Ѵb1-v

Las agendas públicas como subcampo de estudio

Ѵ ;v|†7bo 7; Ѵ-v -];m7-v rি0Ѵb1-v |†ˆo †m -†]; Ѵv†01-lro7;;v|†7bo7;Ѵ-v-];m7-vrি0Ѵb1-v_-

blrou|-m|; 1om ;Ѵ |u-0-fo 7;Ѵ ;v|-7o†mb7;mv; |;mb7o†m]u-m1u;1blb;m|oĺ";_-m;v|-0Ѵ;1b7o†m-
o_mbm]7omŐƐƖѶƓőķt†b;mķ;mѴ-7࣐1-7-7;ƐƖѶƏķ ]u-m7bˆ;uvb7-77;;m=ot†;vķt†;;m];m;u-Ѵ-ঞ;mŊ
;ˆb7;m1bॕѴ-bm1-r-1b7-77;Ѵov;m=ot†;v7;-m࢙ѴbŊ 7;m-ruo0Ѵ;l-v1oloĹѴ-v=oul-v7;bmv1ubr1bॕm7;
vbv u-1bom-Ѵbv|-v r-u- ;Ѵ ;v|†7bo 7;Ѵ ruo1;vo 7; ruo0Ѵ;l-vrি0Ѵb1ov;mѴ--];m7-ķѴ-v7b=;u;m1b-v;mŊ
1omC]†u-1bॕm7;roѴझঞ1-vĺ-u-bm]7om;v=†m7-Ŋ |u;-];m7-vbmvঞ|†1bom-Ѵ;v‹-];m7-v7;]o0b;umoķ
l;m|-Ѵ;Ѵ;v|†7bo7;Ѵ--];m7-rি0Ѵb1-ķr†;v;v-ѴѴझ Ѵ-v ;v|u-|;]b-v r-u- bmY†bu ;m Ѵ- 1omv|u†11bॕm 7;
t†;v;r†;7;m-m-ѴbŒ-uѴov7bˆ;uvov=-1|ou;vt†; -];m7-vķ;m|u;o|uovĺ
bmY†‹;m ;m Ѵ- 7;Cmb1bॕm 7; Ѵ-v roѴझঞ1-vĺ -u- ;Ѵ
;v|†7bo7;Ѵ-1omC]†u-1bॕm7;Ѵ--];m7-ķv;7;0;m
-m-ѴbŒ-uѴovruo0Ѵ;l-vķѴ-vu;vr†;v|-v7;roѴझঞ1-v
Ő-Ѵ|;um-ঞˆ-vő ‹ ;Ѵ f†;]o roѴझঞ1oĺ v|ov |u;v ;Ѵ;Ŋ
l;m|ov7;|;ulbm-m1ॕlo†mruo0Ѵ;l-;vu;1omoŊ
1b7oķ1ॕlov;=oul†Ѵ-mѴ-vrovb0Ѵ;vvoѴ†1bom;v‹
1ॕlo ;Ѵ f†;]o roѴझঞ1o bmY†‹; ;m Ѵ- v;Ѵ;11bॕm 7;
7;|;ulbm-7--Ѵ|;um-ঞˆ-ĺ

bm-Ѵl;m|;ķ1-0;u;v-Ѵ|-ut†;;Ѵ;v|†7bo7;Ѵ--];mŊ
7-rি0Ѵb1-;vblrou|-m|;rout†;Ĺ-‹†7--b7;mঞCŊ
1-u Ѵov bm|;u;v;v ‹ ruboub7-7;v 7;Ѵ ]o0b;umoķ r;uŊ
lb|; o0v;uˆ-u 7bm࢙lb1-v 7;Ѵ u࣐]bl;m roѴझঞ1oķ Ѵov
1ub|;ubov7;7;Cmb1bॕm7;-];m7-7;mo|-m1ouu;Ѵ-Ŋ
1bॕm 7; =†;uŒ-v ;m|u; -1|ou;vķ -‹†7- - b7;mঞC1-u
Ѵ-;v|u†1|†u-b7;oѴॕ]b1-7;Ѵ]o0b;umo-vo1b-7--Ѵ-
7;Cmb1bॕm7;ruo0Ѵ;l-vķr;ulb|;o0v;uˆ-u;Ѵmbˆ;Ѵ
7; 1omYb1|o roѴझঞ1o - r-uঞu 7; Ѵov ;m1†;m|uov ‹
7;v;m1†;m|uov;m|u;;Ѵ]o0b;umo‹Ѵovv;1|ou;vvoŊ
1b-Ѵ;vĺŐॕr;ŒķƑƏƏƖőĺ

15
 PÚBLICAS
†m7-l;m|ov7;oѴझঞ1-vি0Ѵb1-v

m;Ѵvb]†b;m|;;vt†;l-v;u;v†l;mѴ-v1-u-1|;uझvঞ1-v7;Ѵ-|u-mv=oul-1bॕm7;†mruo0Ѵ;l-_-1b-†m|;l-
7;m|uo7;Ѵ--];m7-Ĺ

7;mঞC1-7ov 7;mঞC1-7o
;Cmb7orou
rou7bvঞm|ov 1olo
;Ѵv|-7oĺ
-1|ou;vĺ ruboub|-uboĺ
Problemas Problema Tema dentro
Públicos de política de la
mY†;m1b-7o agenda uoloˆb7o
oˆbѴbŒ-7ov
rou]u-m roubm|;u;v;v
r-u-]-m-u
7bˆ;uvb7-77; roѴझঞ1ov‹
ˆbvb0bѴb7-7ĺ
-1|ou;vĺ ;1omॕlb1ovĺ

b]†u-Ǝĸ †;m|;Ĺ;Ѵ-0ou-1bॕmruorb-

16
 PÚBLICAS
†m7-l;m|ov7;oѴझঞ1-vি0Ѵb1-v

Tema 3
Tipos de políticas, actores, modelo
de decisión, gestión y Políticas Públicas

Tipos de Políticas Públicas

-u-_-0Ѵ-u7;ঞrov7;oѴझঞ1-vি0Ѵb1-vķmovroŊ
7;lov u;lbঞu - Ѵ- ruor†;v|- 7; $_;o7ou; o‰b
ŐƐƖƕƑőķroѴb|ॕѴo]o7;v|-7ov&mb7ovt†b;mr†0Ѵb1ॕ
-rubm1brbov7;Ѵov-ोovƕƏ†m;vt†;l-7;-m࢙Ѵbvbv
l†‹†ঞѴbŒ-7oĺv|;;v†m;vt†;l-1om|u-bm|†bঞˆoķ
;v 7;1bu t†; u;0-|; Ѵ- Ѵॕ]b1- |u-7b1bom-Ѵ v;]িm Ѵ-
1†-ѴѴ-voѴझঞ1-vি0Ѵb1-v7;r;m7;m7;vb;Ѵ]o0b;uŊ
mo ;v l-v 7; 7;u;1_- o 7; bŒt†b;u7-ĺ -u- o‰bķ
mo;vѴ-roѴझঞ1-Ѵ-t†;bmY†‹;;mѴ-voѴझঞ1-vিŊ
0Ѵb1-vķvbmot†;ķrou;Ѵ1om|u-uboķ;ml†1_ov1-vov
vom࣐v|-vѴ-vt†;|;ulbm-mrou7;CmbuѴ-roѴझঞ1-7;
Ѵov]o0b;umovĺmѴ-vb]†b;m|;C]†u-v;l†;v|u-;Ѵ
;vt†;l-†ঞѴbŒ-7orouo‰br-u-;ŠrѴb1-uv†|;vbvĺ

17

†m7-l;m|ov7;oѴझঞ1-vি0Ѵb1-v
Concentrado
Concentrado oѴझঞ1-u;7bv|ub0†ঞˆ-
Beneficios
Difuso oѴझঞ1-vu;]†Ѵ-ঞˆ-v
m;v|;1†-7uoķ_-‹t†;|;m;u;m1†;m|-t†;Ѵov1ov|;v‹Ѵov0;m;C1bovr-u-Ѵov-1|ou;vblrѴb1-7ovr†;Ŋ
7;mv;u7;1-u࢙1|;u1om1;m|u-7oŐ-=;1|-m1Ѵ-u-l;m|;-†mv;1|ou;vr;1झC1oőo7;1-u࢙1|;u7b=†voŐ-=;1|-m
-ˆ-ubovv;1|ou;v7;-Ѵ]†m-l-m;u-7bࣱ1bѴ7;7;|;ulbm-uőĺr-uঞu7;;v|oķ;Ѵ-†|ou7;Cm;Ѵ-ঞroѴo]झ-7;Ѵ-v
roѴझঞ1-v7;Ѵ-vb]†b;m|;l-m;u-Ĺ
a. †-m7oѴov1ov|;v‹Ѵov0;m;C1bovvom1om1;mŊ
|u-7ovĹѴ-vroѴझঞ1-vvomu;7bv|ub0†ঞˆ-vķ;v7;1buķ
vomroѴझঞ1-v7;1-u࢙1|;uvo1b-Ѵt†;v;Cm-m1b-m
-r-uঞu7;Ѵovblr†;v|ovt†;;Ѵv|-7ou;1-†7-
-r-uঞu7;Ѵ-blrovb1bॕm7;|-v-vl࢙v-Ѵ|-v-Ѵov
l࢙vub1ovķ‹|-v-vl࢙v0-f-v-Ѵovl࢙vro0u;vĺ
t†झķv;bm1Ѵ†‹;mѴ-vroѴझঞ1-v;7†1-ঞˆ-vķv-mbŊ
|-ub-vķvo1b-Ѵ;vķt†;=-1bѴb|-mѴ-u;7bv|ub0†1bॕm7;
Ѵ-ubt†;Œ-rout†;0;m;C1b-m-†mv;1|ou;vr;Ŋ
1झC1o7;Ѵ-ro0Ѵ-1bॕmt†;vbm;v|ovu;1†uvovmo
|;m7uझ-m-11;voķrou;f;lrѴoķ-Ѵ-;7†1-1bॕmo
-Ѵ-v-mb7-7ĺm;v;v;mঞ7oķѴov0;m;C1bovvom
1om1;m|u-7ovķ r;uo |-l0b࣐m Ѵo vom Ѵov 1ov|;vķ
‹- t†; -=;1|-m - v;1|ou;v vo1b-Ѵ;v 1om1u;|ovķ
-t†;ѴѴovt†;ঞ;m;ml࢙vu;m|-ĺ
b. †-m7oѴov1ov|;vvom7b=†vov‹Ѵov0;m;C1bov
1om1;m|u-7ovĹ Ѵ-v roѴझঞ1-v vom 7bv|ub0†ঞˆ-vķ
18
PÚBLICAS
Costes
Difuso
oѴझঞ1-7bv|ub0†ঞˆ-
oѴझঞ1-vbmvঞ|†1bom-Ѵ;vo1omvঞ|†Ŋ
1bom-Ѵ;v
7om7; ;Ѵ v|-7o -v†l; Ѵov 1ov|;v rou l;7bo
7;Ѵru;v†r†;v|o];m;u-Ѵ7;Ѵ-1omv|u†11bॕm7;
-Ѵ]†m- m†;ˆ- bm=u-;v|u†1|†u- ;m †m l†mb1brbo
7;|;ulbm-7oĺm;v|;1-voķѴov1ov|;vѴov-v†Ŋ
lblov |o7ov ;m ];m;u-Ѵ - |u-ˆ࣐v 7;Ѵ r-]o 7;
blr†;v|ovķ lb;m|u-v t†; Ѵov 0;m;C1b-ubov vom
-t†;ѴѴ-v r;uvom-v t†; _-0b|-m ;Ѵ ;m|oumo 7;
7b1_-o0u-ĺ
c. †-m7oѴov1ov|;vvom1om1;m|u-7ov‹Ѵov0;m;Ŋ
C1bov vom 7b=†vovĹ Ѵ-v roѴझঞ1-v vom u;]†Ѵ-ঞˆ-vĺ
&m1-vot†;;f;lrѴbC1-;v|-ঞroѴo]झ-7;0†;m-
l-m;u-vomѴ-vroѴझঞ1-vt†;u;]†Ѵ-mѴ-v;lbvboŊ
m;v7;Ƒt†;ruo7†1;mѴ-vbm7†v|ub-v;mѴ-v
1b†7-7;vĺѴ-u-l;m|;ķѴov1ov|;vѴovঞ;m;mt†;
-v†lbuѴ-vbm7†v|ub-vr†;v|ot†;v;ˆ;mo0Ѵb]-Ŋ
7-v-1-l0b-uv†vbv|;l-ruo7†1ঞˆor-u-u;7†Ŋ
1buv†v;lbvbom;vĺoo0v|-m|;ķѴov0;m;C1b-ubov

†m7-l;m|ov7;oѴझঞ1-vি0Ѵb1-v
movom|-m1Ѵ-uov‹-t†;ķ;m|;ouझ-v;ub-m|o7ov
Ѵov1b†7-7-movt†;7;-Ѵ]†m-†o|u-=oul-ˆ--
l;fou-uv†1-Ѵb7-77;ˆb7-;m|࣐ulbmov7;Ѵ-bu;
t†;u;vrbu-mĺ
d. †-m7oѴov1ov|;v‹Ѵov0;m;C1bovvom7b=†vovĹ
Ѵ-vroѴझঞ1-v|u-|-m1-l0bovbm|;umov7;Ѵvbv|;Ŋ
l- roѴझঞ1o ‹ Ѵ-v bmvঞ|†1bom;vĺ Ѵ]†mov ;f;lŊ
rѴov7;;v|;ঞro7;roѴझঞ1-vvomѴov1-l0bov-Ѵ
vbv|;l-;Ѵ;1|ou-Ѵķ1-l0bo;mѴ-Ѵ;‹7;r-uঞ7ovķ
;m|u;o|uovķ7om7;r-u;1b;u-t†;Ѵ-1b†7-7-mझ-
mo;v|࢙l†‹ru;v;m|;ķrouѴot†;r-uঞ1br-mvoŊ
Ѵ-l;m|;-t†;ѴѴovt†;_-1;mr-u|;7;Ѵvbv|;l-
roѴझঞ1oŐo‰bķƐƖƕƑőĺ
&m-ˆ;m|-f-t†;ঞ;m;;v|;;vt†;l-;vt†;=-1bѴbŊ
|-Ѵ--mঞ1br-1bॕm-rovb0Ѵ;v1omYb1|ovroѴझঞ1ovĺm
La decisión
vblrou|-m|;-m-ѴbŒ-uѴ-7;1bvbॕmr†;vvomѴ-v1-7;Ŋ
m-v7;7;1bvbom;vѴ-vt†;r;ulb|;mt†;†mruo0Ѵ;l-
7;oѴझঞ1-ি0Ѵb1-;m|u;-Ѵ--];m7-7;Ѵ]o0b;umoķv;
-m-Ѵb1;m-Ѵ|;um-ঞˆ-v7;roѴझঞ1-ķ‹v;1omv|u†‹-†m-
roѴझঞ1- rি0Ѵb1- ;vr;1झC1-ĺ ;0;lov u;1ou7-u t†;
;mѴ-oѴझঞ1-ি0Ѵb1-bm1b7;m7bˆ;uvov-1|ou;vķ1-7-
†mo 7; ;v|ov loˆb7ov rou †mov bm|;u;v;vķ b7;-v ‹
ˆ-Ѵou;vr-uঞ1†Ѵ-u;vĺm;v;v;mঞ7oķѴ-7;1bvbॕm7;
19
PÚBLICAS
;Ѵ1-vo7;Ѵ-vroѴझঞ1-vu;7bv|ub0†ঞˆ-vķ;v1Ѵ-uot†;
;v|-u࢙m-=-ˆou-t†;ѴѴovv;1|ou;v;v|࢙m7;-1†;uŊ
7o 1om Ѵ- u;7bv|ub0†1bॕmķ lb;m|u-v t†; ;v|-u࢙m ;m
1om|u--t†;ѴѴovt†;mot†b;u;mt†;;Ѵv|-7obm|;uŊ
ˆ;m]-;mѴov-v†m|ov7;Ѵl;u1-7oĺouv†r-u|;ķѴ-v
roѴझঞ1-v 7bv|ub0†ঞˆ-v ঞ;m;m †m mbˆ;Ѵ 7; 1omYb1|o
roѴझঞ1o0-for†;v|ot†;r;ulb|;-Ѵovr-uঞ7ovroŊ
m;uv;7;-1†;u7or-u--ruo0-uru;v†r†;v|ov‹u;Ŋ
1†uvov1om;ѴCm7;v-ঞv=-1;uѴ-v1Ѵb;m|;Ѵ-v7;1-7-
†moĺm;Ѵ1-vo7;Ѵ-vroѴझঞ1-vu;]†Ѵ-ঞˆ-vķ;vl†‹
1Ѵ-uot†;;Ѵ1omYb1|ov;7-u࢙rouѴovorovb|ou;v-
Ѵ-roѴझঞ1-ķ;v7;1buķt†b;m;vঞ;m;mt†;-v†lbuѴov
1ov|;vŐ;m;Ѵ1-vot†;v;;Šr†vo-m|;uboul;m|;v;Ŋ
uझ-mѴ-vbm7†v|ub-vőĸlb;m|u-vt†;mo;v1Ѵ-uot†;v;
ˆ-‹-m-loˆbѴbŒ-u-=-ˆou-t†;ѴѴovt†;;m;Ѵ=†|†uo
v;ˆ-m-0;m;C1b-u7;Ѵ-roѴझঞ1-ĺ
;v|-vroѴझঞ1-vmo7;r;m7;িmb1-l;m|;7;Ѵ--†|oubŊ
7-71olr;|;m|;ķu;ru;v;m|-m|;7;Ѵ]o0b;umoķt†b;m
Cul-Ѵov-1|ov-7lbmbv|u-ঞˆovķvbmo|-l0b࣐m7;;v-
rѴ†u-Ѵb7-7 7; -1|ou;v t†; -1ঞˆ-m l;1-mbvlov 7;
-1†;u7ovķ1omv;mvov‹m;]o1b-1bom;v;m1-7-†mo
7;Ѵovlol;m|ovĺvझr†;vķѴ-|ol-7;7;1bvbom;v
mo;v†m-v†m|ovblrѴ;ķr†;v;v|࢙vol;ঞ7--l†Ŋ
1_-vˆ-ub-0Ѵ;v1oloѴ-m-|†u-Ѵ;Œ-7;Ѵ-roѴझঞ1-ķ;Ѵ
ro7;u7;Ѵov-1|ou;v;m;Ѵruo1;vo7;7;1bvbॕmķ;Ѵ

†m7-l;m|ov7;oѴझঞ1-vি0Ѵb1-v
l-u];m7;l-mbo0u-7;Ѵov]o0b;umovr-u-;v|-0Ѵ;Ŋ
1;u-1†;u7ovķ‹-=;1|-1bom;v;Š|;um-vu;Ѵ-1bom-7-v
1om;Ѵ1olrou|-lb;m|oroѴझঞ1o‹l-1uo;1omॕlb1o
bm|;um-1bom-Ѵĺ  1omঞm†-1bॕmķ v; ;v0oŒ-m -Ѵ]†m-v
7; Ѵ-v r;uvr;1ঞˆ-v 7;Ѵ ruo1;vo 7; |ol- 7; 7;1bŊ
vbom;vĺ
Modelo de decisión racional
v|; ;v †m lo7;Ѵo t†; r-u|; 7; Ѵ- ru;lbv- 7;
t†; ;Ѵ v;u _†l-mo ;v u-1bom-Ѵķ ;m o|u-v r-Ѵ-0u-vķ
vb;lru; 0†v1- l-ŠblbŒ-u v†v 0;m;C1bov -Ѵ lbvlo
ঞ;lro t†; u;7†1; Ѵov 1ov|ov ‹ ub;v]ov t†; ;v|o
blrѴb1-ĺ ]†-Ѵl;m|;ķ 1omvb7;u- t†; Ѵ- 7;1bvbॕm ;v
ˆb-0Ѵ;rout†;v;ঞ;m;-11;vo-bm=oul-1bॕm1olŊ
rѴ;|-ķ 1om Ѵo t†; ;v rovb0Ѵ; ;v|-0Ѵ;1;u 1Ѵ-u-l;mŊ
|; ru;=;u;m1b-v ‹ ou7;m-uѴ-v 7; l-m;u- f;u࢙ut†bŊ
1-ĺ ;Ѵlbvlolo7oķѴ-=oul†Ѵ-1bॕm7;Ѵ-oѴझঞ1-
ি0Ѵb1- 7;0; v;]†bu Ѵ- Ѵॕ]b1- u-1bom-Ѵ ;m Ѵ- t†;
rubl;uo v; b7;mঞC1- ;Ѵ ruo0Ѵ;l-ķ rov|;uboul;m|;
v; 7;Cm;m Ѵov o0f;ঞˆovķ v; ;Ѵ-0ou-m -Ѵ|;um-ঞˆ-v
7;voѴ†1bॕm7;Ѵruo0Ѵ;l-ķv;-rѴb1-mbmv|u†l;m|ov
20
PÚBLICAS
t†; ;ˆ-Ѵি;m 1†࢙Ѵ 7; Ѵ-v -Ѵ|;um-ঞˆ-v ;v Ѵ- l࢙v
;C1b;m|;‹v;v;Ѵ;11bom--t†;ѴѴ-t†;1†lrѴ-1om;Ѵ
o0f;ঞˆo7;=oul-l࢙vॕrঞl-ķ0-fo;v|࢙m7-u;v7;
l-ŠblbŒ-1bॕm7;Ѵ0;m;C1boĺ
Modelo de racionalidad limitada
v|;lo7;Ѵov†u];7;Ѵ-1uझঞ1-t†;_-1;;u0;u|
"blom -Ѵ lo7;Ѵo 7; Ѵ- ;Ѵ;11bॕm u-1bom-Ѵĺ -u- "bŊ
lomķ mo ;v rovb0Ѵ; |ol-u 7;1bvbom;v |o|-Ѵl;m|;
u-1bom-Ѵ;v r†;v|o t†; ;Ѵ 1omo1blb;m|o mo r†;7;
v;u|o|-Ѵmb;Š_-†vঞˆoķ;mo|u-vr-Ѵ-0u-vķѴ-bm=ouŊ
l-1bॕmm†m1-;v1olrѴ;|-mbvbl࣐|ub1-ķrouѴot†;
Ѵ- ;Šbv|;m1b- 7; ru;=;u;m1b-v 1Ѵ-u-l;m|; 7;Cmb7-v
t†;7-;m;m|u;7b1_oĺm;v;v;mঞ7oķrѴ-m|;-t†;
;vm;1;v-ubou;1omo1;uѴ-vѴblb|-1bom;v7;Ѵ-bm=ouŊ
l-1bॕm‹oub;m|-uѴ-v-11bom;v;m0িvt†;7-7;Ѵov
l;fou;v u;v†Ѵ|-7ov rovb0Ѵ;v t†; ];m;u;m †m mbˆ;Ѵ
7;v-ঞv=-11bॕm;vr;u-7oĺ"b]†b;m7o1omѴo-m|;ubouķ
;Ѵruo1;vo7;=oul†Ѵ-1bॕm1olb;mŒ-rouѴ-b7;mঞŊ
C1-1bॕm7;Ѵruo0Ѵ;l-ķѴ-7;Cmb1bॕm7;Ѵo0f;ঞˆoķ;Ѵ
-m࢙Ѵbvbv7;-Ѵ]†m-v-Ѵ|;um-ঞˆ-v7;voѴ†1bॕmŐv;_-1;
Ѵ-v-Ѵˆ;7-7t†;vomvoѴo-Ѵ]†m-vr†;v|ot†;mo;v
rovb0Ѵ;-m-ѴbŒ-uѴ-v|o7-v7;l-m;u-ॕrঞl-őķv;-rѴbŊ
1-mѴov7bvrovbঞˆov7;;ˆ-Ѵ†-1bॕm‹v;v;Ѵ;11bom-
Ѵ- -Ѵ|;um-ঞˆ- 7; oѴझঞ1- ি0Ѵb1- t†; 1†lrѴ- 1om
;Ѵo0f;ঞˆo‹t†;0ubm7;Ѵovmbˆ;Ѵ;v7;v-ঞv=-11bॕm
;vr;u-7ovĺ

†m7-l;m|ov7;oѴझঞ1-vি0Ѵb1-v
Modelo de aproximaciones sucesivas
m;v|;lo7;ѴoķmovoѴov;u;1omo1;t†;;ѴruoŊ
1;vo 7; 7;1bvbॕm ঞ;m; Ѵblb|-1bom;v ;m |࣐ulbmov
1o]mbঞˆovķ vbmo |-l0b࣐m Ѵblb|-1bom;v 7; 1-u࢙1|;u
roѴझঞ1oĺ _-uѴ;v bm70Ѵol vovঞ;m; t†; Ѵ- 7;1bŊ
vbॕm v; ˆ; -|u-ˆ;v-7- rou Ѵ- 7bC1†Ѵ|-7 7; ;v|-Ŋ
0Ѵ;1;u1omv;mvovvo0u;Ѵ-7;Cmb1bॕm7;Ѵovo0f;Ŋ
ঞˆov ‹ Ѵov ˆ-Ѵou;v t†; 7;0;m oub;m|-u Ѵ- -11bॕmĺ
7b1bom-Ѵl;m|;ķ ;Šbv|;m o|u-v Ѵblb|-1bom;v 1olo
Ѵ-v Ѵ;]-Ѵ;v ‹ Ѵ-v bmvঞ|†1bom-Ѵ;v t†; _-1;m r-uŊ
|; 7;Ѵ 1om|;Š|o 7; Ѵ- -7lbmbv|u-1bॕm rি0Ѵb1-ĺ m
;v|; ;v1;m-uboķ bm70Ѵol ruorom; ;Ѵ l࣐|o7o 7;
-ruoŠbl-1bom;vv†1;vbˆ-vo7;1olr-u-1bom;vѴbŊ
lb|-7-v v†1;vbˆ-vķ v;]িm ;Ѵ 1†-Ѵ ;Šbv|;m ]u-m7;v
Ѵblb|-1bom;v t†; o0Ѵb]-m -Ѵ 7;1bvou - 0†v1-u voѴo
r;t†;ोov 1-l0bov Ő1-l0bov l-u]bm-Ѵ;vőķ ;Ѵ 1†-Ѵ
1†;m|-1om†m1-lro7;1olr-u-1bॕmѴblb|-7o-
ro1-v-Ѵ|;um-ঞˆ-v7;roѴझঞ1-ķ‹t†;r-u|;7;-1Ŋ
1bom;v‹-;Šbv|;m|;vĺ"b]†b;m7o1omѴo-m|;ubouķ;Ѵ
ruo1;vo7;;Ѵ-0ou-1bॕm7;oѴझঞ1-vি0Ѵb1-vbmb1b-
1om Ѵ- b7;mঞC1-1bॕm 7;Ѵ ruo0Ѵ;l-ķ Ѵ- 7;Cmb1bॕm
7;Ѵ o0f;ঞˆoķ ;Ѵ ;v|†7bo 7; ro1-v -Ѵ|;um-ঞˆ-v 7;
voѴ†1bॕmķ-rѴb1-1bॕm7;bmv|u†l;m|ov7;;ˆ-Ѵ†-1bॕm
‹v;Ѵ;11bॕmt†;1†lrѴ-1om;Ѵo0f;ঞˆoķ;v7;1bu;Ѵ
1-l0bo l-u]bm-Ѵ ;vr;u-7oĺ -0; -1Ѵ-u-u t†; Ѵ-v
-Ѵ|;um-ঞˆ-v 7; voѴ†1bॕm 7;0;m v;u l࢙Šblo |u;vķ
7;m|uo7;Ѵ-v1†-Ѵ;vv;bm1Ѵ†‹;Ѵ-roѴझঞ1-t†;;v|࢙
;m=†m1bom-lb;m|oķ‹o|u-v7ovt†;r-u|-m7;;v|-
িѴঞl-1om-Ѵ]†m-vr;t†;ो-vlo7bC1-1bom;vĺ
21
PÚBLICAS
Modelo de exploración combinada
v|; lo7;Ѵo v; 1-u-1|;ubŒ- rout†; 0†v1- o=u;1;u
†m-v-Ѵb7--Ѵ-blrovb0bѴb7-7‹-l;m1bom-7-7;-rѴbŊ
1-u ;Ѵ lo7;Ѵo u-1bom-Ѵķ ‹ -Ѵ 1omv;uˆ-7†ubvlo 7;Ѵ
lo7;Ѵo7;-ruoŠbl-1bom;vv†1;vbˆ-vĺlb|-b|ŒboŊ
mb;v;Ѵ-†|out†;ruorom;;v|;m†;ˆolo7;Ѵo1om
;Ѵt†;bm|;m|-7;Cmbu1ub|;ubov7;7;1bvbॕmt†;r;uŊ
lb|-mruo1;7;u7;l;foul-m;u-ĺ-u-;ѴѴoķ_-1;Ѵ-
7bvঞm1bॕm;m|u;7;1bvbom;v=†m7-l;m|-Ѵ;vŐ-t†;ѴѴ-v
t†; 7;Cm;m Ѵov ]u-m7;v o0f;ঞˆov ‹ Ѵbm;-lb;m|ov
7;Ѵ-roѴझঞ1-ő‹7;1bvbom;vbm1u;l;m|-Ѵ;vŐ-t†;ѴѴ-v
t†;0†v1-m_-1;uu;-Ѵb7-7Ѵovo0f;ঞˆov7;Ѵ-v7;Ŋ
1bvbom;v =†m7-l;m|-Ѵ;vőķ Ѵo blrou|-m|; ;v t†; ;m
;v|-r;uvr;1ঞˆ-ķѴ-7;1bvbॕmvo0u;;Ѵ;m=ot†;v‹Ѵ-
l-m;u-7;1ol0bm-uѴovĺ
Modelo de bote de basura
b1_-;Ѵo_;mķ-l;v-u1_‹o_-mѴv;mruoŊ
rom;m;v|;lo7;Ѵo0-v-7ov;m;Ѵ1om1;r|o7;Ѵ-
|ol-7;7;1bvbom;v1oloruo1;vo;m;Ѵt†;v;7-
†m ;m1†;m|uo |;lrou-Ѵ ;m|u; ruo0Ѵ;l-v ‹ voѴ†Ŋ
1bom;v ‹- 7;Cmb7ov ;m Ѵov 7b=;u;m|;v l-u1ov bmvŊ
ঞ|†1bom-Ѵ;vĺt†झķѴ-1omv|u†11bॕm7;Ѵ-roѴझঞ1-mo
7;0;r-v-urouѴ-v†1;vbॕm7;r-vov7;Ѵovlo7;Ѵov
-m|;vl;m1bom-7ovķ7om7;;m†mrubl;ulol;m|o
v;b7;mঞC1-mѴovruo0Ѵ;l-v‹;m†mv;]†m7oloŊ
l;m|ov;ѴѴ;ˆ--1-0oѴ-0িvt†;7-7;voѴ†1bom;vĺ
ou ;Ѵ 1om|u-uboķ ;v|; lo7;Ѵo rѴ-m|;- t†; ;Ѵ 1omŊ
 PÚBLICAS

†m7-l;m|ov7;oѴझঞ1-vি0Ѵb1-v

f†m|o7;voѴ†1bom;vķ‹-;Šbv|;mr†;v;v|࢙m7;|;ulbm-7-vrou;Ѵruo1;vo7;7;v-uuoѴѴo‹-ru;m7bŒ-f;bmvঞ|†Ŋ
1bom-Ѵĺmo|u-vr-Ѵ-0u-vķѴ-vvoѴ†1bom;v;v|࢙m-7bvrovb1bॕm‹-Ѵ-;vr;u-7;v;u;lrѴ;-7-v7;m|uo7;;v|;
ľ0o|;7;0-v†u-vĿ7;Ѵ-v;Šr;ub;m1b-vru;ˆb-vĺ

Los actores

Ŏ ov-1|ou;vvom-t†;ѴѴovr;uvom-f;vt†;-1|ি-m ি0Ѵb1-vĺv|ovr†;7;mv;u-ő-1|ou;v;1omॕlb1ovĹ

7; =oul- 7b=;u;m1b-Ѵ =u;m|; - Ѵov 7;l࢙v ;m †m bm7†v|ub-Ѵ;vķ 1ol;u1b-Ѵ;vķ 0†uv࢙ঞѴ;vķ ;|1ĺĸ 0ő
lbvlo ;v1;m-uboķ o ;m ;v|; 1-voķ ;m ;Ѵ lbvlo roѴझঞ1ovĹ r-uঞ7ov roѴझঞ1ovķ loˆblb;m|ov
ruo1;vo7;oѴझঞ1-ি0Ѵb1-ĺm-m࢙Ѵbvbv7;Ѵov-1Ŋ roѴझঞ1ovķ;|1ĺĸ1ő‹vo1b-Ѵ;vĹѴझ7;u;v1ol†mb|-ubovķ
|ou;v;v=†m7-l;m|-Ѵ;m7b1_oruo1;vor†;vѴ- vbm7b1-|ovķ;|1ĺ$o7ovѴov-1|ou;vvomblrou|-m|;v
b7;mঞC1-1bॕm7;Ѵov-1|ou;vt†;;m|u-m‹v-Ѵ;m ;m;Ѵruo1;vo7;oѴझঞ1-ি0Ѵb1-ķ‹-t†;;v|ov
;m1-7-†mo7;Ѵovlol;m|ovr;ulb|;;Ѵ-0ou-u vom Ѵov u;ru;v;m|-m|;v ˆbvb0Ѵ;v 7;Ѵ ;v1;m-ubo
;v|u-|;]b-v7;r-uঞ1br-1bॕm7;ѴovbmˆoѴ†1u-7ov rি0Ѵb1oķ;v7;1bu7om7;v;u;-ѴbŒ-mѴ-v-11bom;v
‹ -vझ bm1u;l;m|-u Ѵov mbˆ;Ѵ;v 7; Ѵ;]bঞlb7-7 ‹ rি0Ѵb1-vķ ;m Ѵov uoѴ;v |-m|o 7; 0;m;C1b-ubov
]o0;um-0bѴb7-7ĺm-t†;ѴѴov1-vov;mѴovt†;mo 1olo7;r;uf†7b1-7ovĺ
v;bmˆb|--Ѵov-1|ou;vr-u-t†;r-uঞ1br;mķrou
;f;lrѴoķ;m;Ѵruo1;vo7;1omv|u†11bॕm7;ѴruoŊ
0Ѵ;l-7;roѴझঞ1-ķv;r†;7;;v|-u];m;u-m7o†m-
|u-mv=oul-1bॕm7;Ѵov-1|ou;vt†;r-v-m7;v;u
-Ѵb-7ov-orovb|ou;vķ‹-vझr;u7;u;Ѵ-ro‹or-u-Ѵ-
roѴझঞ1-ĺ-0;-]u;]-ut†;;vblrou|-m|;bmˆb|-u
|-l0b࣐m-Ѵovorovb|ou;vr-u-t†;r-uঞ1br;m7;
Ѵ-roѴझঞ1-r†;v7;Ѵo1om|u-ubov;_-uझ-=-ˆou-0Ѵ;
;Ѵv†u]blb;m|o7;orbmbom;v7;-†|oub|-ubvlo-mŊ
ঞ7;lo1u࢙ঞ1o7;Ѵovu;vromv-0Ѵ;v7;Ѵ-roѴझঞ1-ķ
=ou|-Ѵ;1b;m7o-vझѴov-u]†l;m|ov7;orovb1bॕmĺ Ŏ Šbv|;mo|u-v=oul-v7;1Ѵ-vbC1-u-Ѵov-1|ou;vķ
1olorou;f;lrѴoѴ-ruor†;v|-t†;_-1;mѴ;Ŋ
Ŏ ";r†;7;m;m1om|u-u7bˆ;uvovঞrov7;-1|ou;v f-m7o "-mঞ0-ो;Œķ -†ub1bo -uu- ‹ -0Ѵo uŊ
t†;bm1b7;m;mѴ-;v|u†1|†u-1bॕm7;Ѵ-voѴझঞ1-v ঞŒ ŐƑƏƐƔő ;m ;Ѵ t†; 7bvঞm]†;m ;m|u; -1|ou;v

22
 PÚBLICAS
†m7-l;m|ov7;oѴझঞ1-vি0Ѵb1-v

rি0Ѵb1ov ‹ rubˆ-7ovĺ m|u; Ѵov rubl;uov ;m1omŊ 0-fo;Ѵ;m=ot†;7;]o0;um-mŒ-o7;1o-Ѵb1bom;v

|u-lov -Ѵ ]o0b;umoķ Ѵ- -7lbmbv|u-1bॕm rি0Ѵb1-ķ
Ѵov r-uঞ7ov roѴझঞ1ovķ ou]-mbvlov bm|;um-1bom-Ŋ
Ѵ;vķ ;m|u; o|uovĺ b;m|u-v t†; ;m Ѵov v;]†m7ov
;m1om|u-lov -1|ou;v 1olo ;lru;v-v rubˆ-7-vķ
]u†rov7;bm|;u࣐vķ1;m|uov7;bmˆ;vঞ]-1bॕmķl;Ŋ
7bov7;1ol†mb1-1bॕmķ;m|u;o|uovĺv|;ঞro7;
7bvঞm1bॕm;m|u;-1|ou;vrি0Ѵb1ov‹rubˆ-7ovr†;Ŋ
7;mv;uিঞѴ;vr†;vr;ulb|;mb7;mঞC1-u†ml-uŊ
1o7;1o-Ѵb1bom;v]†0;um-l;m|-Ѵ;v‹7;];vঞॕm
rি0Ѵb1oŊrubˆ-7-vĺ 7b1bom-Ѵl;m|;ķ ruorou1bom-
_;uu-lb;m|-v r-u- Ѵ- b7;mঞC1-1bॕm 7; u;1†uvov
1om Ѵov t†; 1†;m|- 1-7- †mo 7; Ѵov -1|ou;vķ -
r-uঞu7;Ѵo1†-Ѵv;r†;7;1omv|u†bu†m;vt†;l-
7;-m࢙Ѵbvbv7;Ѵ-bm1b7;m1b-;u;Ѵ;ˆ-m1b-7;Ѵov-1Ŋ
|ou;v;mѴ-roѴझঞ1-ĺ1omঞm†-1bॕmķv;l†;v|u-
;Ѵ ;vt†;l- 7; -m࢙Ѵbvbv 7; oѴझঞ1- ি0Ѵb1- ruoŊ
r†;v|orou;v|ov-†|ou;vĺ

;m|uov7;bmˆ;vঞ]-1bॕmķ
&mbˆ;uvb7-7;vķu]-mbvlov
bm|;um-1bom-Ѵ;vķ;7bov7;ru;mv-
Recursos cognitivos y
tecnológicos
v|-7oķo0b;umoķ
7lbmbv|u-1bॕmrি0Ѵb1-
Recursos normativos

Actor de †;7; lru;v-rubˆ-7-ķv|-7oķ

Política rov;;u‹ Recursos financieros o0b;umoķu]-mbvlov
Pública †ঞѴbŒ-u bm|;um-1bom-Ѵ;v

Recursos humanos
7lbmbv|u-1bॕmrি0Ѵb1-ķ
lru;v-rubˆ-7-ķo0b;umo
Recursos organizativos y
políticos
u†rov7;bm|;u࣐vķ
oˆbѴbŒ-1bॕmvo1b-Ѵ

b]†u-Əĸ †;m|;Ĺ"-mঞ0࢙ो;Œĺķ-uu-ĺķuঞŒĺķƑƏƐƔ

23

†m7-l;m|ov7;oѴझঞ1-vি0Ѵb1-v
Ŏ |u- -Ѵ|;um-ঞˆ- 7; l-|ubŒ -m-Ѵझঞ1- ;v Ѵ- t†;
ruorom;omŒ-Ѵou7oो;ŒŐƑƏƐƒő;mѴ-1†-Ѵv;
b7;mঞC1-m Ѵov -1|ou;v -=;1|-7ov o bm|;u;v-7ov
;mѴ-roѴझঞ1-ĺr-uঞu7;;v|oķ‹roul;7bo7;
ru;]†m|-voub;m|-7ou-vķv;1om|u-v|-mĹ
a. Ѵov uoѴ;v 7; Ѵov -1|ou;v Őѿt†࣐ ঞro 7; r;uŊ
vom- ‹ ou]-mbvlo ;v ;Ѵ -1|ouĵ ѿt†࣐ uoѴ ‹
=†m1bom;vঞ;m;-v†1-u]oĵѿ1†࢙Ѵ;vvomv†v
1-u-1|;uझvঞ1-vrubm1br-Ѵ;vu;Ѵ-1bom-7-v1om
Ѵ-ruo0Ѵ;l࢙ঞ1-7-7-ĵő
b. Ѵ- r;u1;r1bॕm 7; ;ѴѴov =u;m|; -Ѵ ruo0Ѵ;l-
Őѿ1ॕlo r;u1b0; 1-7- -1|ou ;Ѵ ruo0Ѵ;l-ĵ
ѿ1†࢙Ѵ;vvom7;v7;v†r†m|o7;ˆbv|-Ѵ-v1-†Ŋ
v-v rubm1br-Ѵ;v ‹ Ѵov ruo0Ѵ;l-v -vo1b-7ov
t†;7;|;ulbm-m;Ѵruo0Ѵ;l-ĵő
c. Ѵovbm|;u;v;v7;Ѵ-1|ouŐѿ1†࢙Ѵ;vvomѴovbm|;Ŋ
u;v;vt†;1-7--1|ourov;;‹7;C;m7;;m
u;Ѵ-1bॕm1om;Ѵruo0Ѵ;l-=†m7-l;m|-Ѵĵő
24
PÚBLICAS
d. Ѵ-1-r-1b7-77;bm1b7;m1b-rom7;u-7-Őѿ1†࢙Ŋ
Ѵ;vvomѴovu;1†uvov7;ro7;uķv;-m;1omॕŊ
lb1ovķ roѴझঞ1ovķ bmvঞ|†1bom-Ѵ;v o 7; 1†-ѴŊ
t†b;u झm7oѴ;ķ t†; rov;;m Ѵov -1|ou;v r-u-
blrom;u o 7;=;m7;u v†v bm|;u;v;v o v†v
l-m7-|ov ;m u;Ѵ-1bॕm 1om Ѵ- ruo0Ѵ;l࢙ঞ1-
-m-ѴbŒ-7-ĵő
e. ;ő Ѵov -1†;u7ov o 1omYb1|ov ro|;m1b-Ѵ;v
7; Ѵov lbvlov Őѿ1†࢙Ѵ;v vom Ѵ-v u;Ѵ-1bom;v
7;Ѵ -1|ou 1om o|uov -1|ou;v bmˆoѴ†1u-7ovĵ
ѿ1ॕlo;Ѵ-1|ouv;ro7uझ-ˆ;u-=;1|-7orou
Ѵ-v-Ѵ|;um-ঞˆ-v7;voѴ†1bॕmĵѿt†࣐-1†;u7ov
o 1omYb1|ov v; ro7uझ-m ];m;u-u 1om 1-7-
†mo7;Ѵov-1|ou;vbmˆoѴ†1u-7ovĵőĺv|;loŊ
7;Ѵor;ulb|;1om|-u1om†ml-r-7;-1|oŊ
u;vিঞѴr-u-b7;mঞC1-urovb0Ѵ;v;v|u-|;]b-v
7;1o-Ѵb1bom;v‹ņom;]o1b-1bom;v
Ŏ mѴ-vb]†b;m|;|-0Ѵ-v;r†;7;ˆ;u†m;f;lŊ
rѴo7;Ѵlo7;Ѵo7;-m࢙Ѵbvbv7;-1|ou;vbmˆoŊ
Ѵ†1u-7ov-rѴb1-7o-Ѵruo0Ѵ;l-7;1omv†lo
7;_;uoझm-
 PÚBLICAS

†m7-l;m|ov7;oѴझঞ1-vি0Ѵb1-v

$-0Ѵ-Ɛĺo7;Ѳo7;-m޳Ѳbvbv7;-1|ou;vbmˆoѲ†1u-7ov-rѲb1-7o-Ѳruo0Ѳ;l-7;1omv†lo7;_;uo࠸m-

Características, Percepción del Capaci- Acuerdos o

Actor Intereses del
estatuto o rol actor respecto dad de conflictos
involucrado actor
del actor del problema incidir potenciales

m7bˆb7†ov ˆ;1;vmou;1oŊ oŒ-u7;Ѵ- o7;v;-mt†;

-=;1|-7ovrou;Ѵ mo1;mv†;Šbv|;mŊ Ѵb0;u|-77;7;1bŊ v;Ѵ;vr;m-Ѵb1;ķ
omv†lb7ou;v ruo0Ѵ;l-ĺ"om 1b-‹1†-m7oѴo 7but†࣐;vl;fou -f- vbmot†;v;-m
;Ѵo0f;ঞˆo7;Ѵ- _-1;mv;rb;mv-m r-u-;ѴѴovŐbm1Ѵ†Ŋ |u-|-7ov1olo
roѴझঞ1- ˆझ1ঞl-v vo1omv†lbuő ;m=;ulov

=;1|-7ovrou;Ѵ "†;Šbv|;m1b-
-lbѴb-v‹1ol†Ŋ ruo0Ѵ;l-ĺ†;Ŋ -=;1|-Ѵ-r-ŒķѴ- m|;u࣐v;mu;1†Ŋ ;l-m7-mvoŊ
;7b-
mb7-7 7;m1om|ub0†bu- v;]†ub7-7‹Ѵ- r;u-ulb;l0uo Ѵ†1bॕmbm|;]u-Ѵ
v†voѴ†1bॕmĺ -ulomझ-=-lbѴb-u

ࠎu]-moѴѴ-l-Ŋ m|;u࣐v;m
vu;vromv-0bѴb7-7
7o-v;ur-u|; 7bvlbm†bu;Ѵ
7;Ѵovm-u1o|u-Ŋ u;C;u;mѴ-
oѴb1झ- 7;Ѵ-voѴ†1bॕm m-u1o|u-C1o‹ Ѵ|-
C1-m|;v‹7;Ѵov u;ru;vbॕm
-|u-ˆ࣐v7;Ѵ- 7;l-v7;Ѵb|ov
-7b1|ovlbvlov
u;ru;vbॕm -vo1b-7ov

u]-mbŒ-1bom;v
m|;u;v;1omoŊ o;v|࢙mbm|;Ŋ
1Ѵ-m7;vঞm-v v†m-
-u1o|u-C1-m|;v lb1o;m;Šr-mŊ Ѵ|- u;v-7ov;m†m-
1-†v-m|;v7;Ѵ orou|†mb7-7
7bu;Ѵ1omv†lo voѴ†1bॕm
ruo0Ѵ;l-

ubˆbѴ;]b-mѴ-
ࠎu]-movѴѴ-l-Ŋ ru;ˆ;m1bॕmķѴ-
m|;u࣐vvo1b-Ѵ
7ov-v;ur-u|; 7ovbvlझmbl-;m
†|oub7-7;v7; vu;vromv-0bѴb7-7 roulbঞ]-u
7;Ѵ-voѴ†1bॕm ;7b- 1-vovm;1;v-Ŋ
v-Ѵ†7rি0Ѵb1- 1olr-uঞ7- ;=;1|ov7;Ѵ
-|u-ˆ࣐v7;v†v ubovķ‹;Ѵ-1olŊ
1omv†lo
v;uˆb1bov r-ो-lb;m|o
rvb1o-=;1ঞˆo

 †;m|;Ĺu7oो;ŒķƑƏƐƒ

25
 PÚBLICAS
†m7-l;m|ov7;oѴझঞ1-vি0Ѵb1-v

Gestión y Políticas Públicas

m Ѵov িѴঞlov -ोov Ѵ-v |u-mv=oul-1bom;v ;m Ѵ- Ѵझঞ1-vি0Ѵb1-vĺѴrubl;uoঞ;m;t†;ˆ;u1omt†;v;

u;Ѵ-1bॕm v|-7oŊvo1b;7-7Ŋl;u1-7o r;uCѴ-uom -Ѵ
l;u1-7o‹v†vѴॕ]b1-vķ1olorubm1br-Ѵor;u-7ou‹
-1|ou7;m|uo7;Ѵruo1;vo7;1omC]†u-1bॕm7;oŊ
Ѵझঞ1-vি0Ѵb1-vĺ ;;v|;ruo1;vov;];m;u-uom†m-
v;ub;7;|u-mv=oul-1bom;v7;m|uo7;Ѵ-Ѵॕ]b1-7;
Ѵo rি0Ѵb1o ‹ Ѵo ;v|-|-ѴĹ v; rubˆ-ঞŒ-uom ;lru;v-v
;v|-|-Ѵ;vķv;u;7†foѴ-0†uo1u-1b-ķv;|;1mbC1ॕ‹u-Ŋ
1bom-ѴbŒo;Ѵruo1;vo7;7;1bvbom;v‹v;v†r;7b|oѴo
roѴझঞ1o-Ѵo;1omॕlb1oĺ
m;v|;1om|;Š|oķ7;m|uo7;Ѵl-m;fo7;Ѵ]o0b;umo
v;;v|-0Ѵ;1b;uomѴbm;-lb;m|ovķ7;v-uuoѴѴ-7ov7;v7;
r-झv;v7;Ѵrubl;ul†m7o‹ou]-mbvlovl†ѴঞѴ-|;u-Ŋ
Ѵ;vķt†;v;-rѴb1-uom;vr;1b-Ѵl;m|;;mr-झv;vѴ-ঞŊ
mo-l;ub1-movĺ-†;ˆ-;vঞॕmি0Ѵb1-Őő;v
;Ѵ;m=ot†;=†m7-l;m|-Ѵķt†;v;_-ˆ;mb7o-rѴb1-mŊ
7o7;m|uo7;Ѵov]o0b;umov7;Ѵ1omov†uĺ-
0†v1-u;1†r;u-uѴ-1-r-1b7-77;];vঞॕm7;Ѵov;vŊ
|-7ovķ-r-uঞu7;u;=oul-v;m=o1-7-v-Ѵ-u;7†11bॕm
7;Ѵ-0†uo1u-1b-ķѴ-bm1ourou-1bॕm7;-vr;1|ovŐ|;1Ŋ
moѴo]झ-vķlo7;Ѵovő7;Ѵ--7lbmbv|u-1bॕmrubˆ-7--Ѵ-
-7lbmbv|u-1bॕmrি0Ѵb1-ķѴ-7;Cmb1bॕm7;Ѵ-;C1b;m1b-
1olorubm1brbou;1|ou7;Ѵ-|ol-7;7;1bvbom;vķѴ-
|;u1;ubŒ-1bॕm7;-1ঞˆb7-7;vrি0Ѵb1-vķ;m|u;o|uovĺ
rb;mv-t†;;ѴCm;vѴ-ruoˆbvbॕm7;0b;m;v‹v;uˆbŊ
1bovķ-ro0Ѵ-1bom;v=o1-ѴbŒ-7-vķt†;;mv†l-‹ouझ-
vom 7;Cmb7-v 1olo ro0u;v ‹ ˆ†Ѵm;u-0Ѵ;vĺ m v;Ŋ
]†m7oѴ†]-uķѴ-or;u-1bॕm7;Ѵ-vroѴझঞ1-vv;0-v-;m
1om1;r|ov;1omॕlb1ovķ|-Ѵ;v1olo=-ѴѴ-v7;l;u1-Ŋ
7o‹l;u1-7o7;1olr;|;m1b-r;u=;1|-ķ7;v7;Ѵ-v
1†-Ѵ;vv;oub;m|--t†;;Ѵv|-7o7;f;;ml-mo7;
Ѵovrubˆ-7ovѴ-or;u-1bॕm7;7;|;ulbm-7-vroѴझঞ1-vķ
7;0b7o-v†r†;v|ov=†;u|;vķ1olo;Ѵt†;bm7b1-t†;
;Ѵl;u1-7o;vl࢙v;C1b;m|;t†;;Ѵv|-7oĺm|;uŊ
1;uѴ†]-uķv;_-†ঞѴbŒ-7oѴ-r-uঞ1br-1bॕm1b†7-7-m-
1olol;1-mbvloѴ;]bঞl-7ou7;Ѵ-v7;1bvbom;vķ-vझķ
Ѵ-r-uঞ1br-1bॕm-1ঞˆ-7;Ѵov1b†7-7-mov;m=ouov‹
࢙l0b|ov7;roѴझঞ1-ķ1om|ub0†‹;-];m;u-u†m-ro‹o
- Ѵ-v 7;1bvbom;v |ol-7-vķ -vझ ;v|-v mo |;m]-m ;m
1omvb7;u-1bॕmѴo;Šr†;v|orouѴ-1b†7-7-mझ-ĺ

- -rѴb1-1bॕm 7; Ѵ-  _- |u-झ7o ˆ-ub-v 1omv;Ŋ

1†;m1b-vr-u-Ѵovruo1;vov7;1omC]†u-1bॕm7;oŊ

26
 PÚBLICAS
†m7-l;m|ov7;oѴझঞ1-vি0Ѵb1-v

bm-Ѵl;m|;ķ 1-0; u;v-Ѵ|-u t†; ;Ѵ -vr;1|o l࢙v blŊ l-|;ub-ѴbŒ-1bॕm1om1u;|ovĹѴ-|ol-7;7;1bvbom;vv;

rou|-m|;7;Ѵ-bm1ourou-1bॕm7;Ѵr;mv-lb;m|o];Ŋ
u;m1b-Ѵ 7;m|uo 7; Ѵ-v Ѵॕ]b1-v 7; oѴझঞ1-v ি0Ѵb1-vķ
_-vb7ot†;Ѵ-v7bv1†vbom;vvo0u;roѴझঞ1-v‹ruo]u-Ŋ
l-vv;-]o|-m;m;Ѵ|;uu;mo7;Ѵo|࣐1mb1oķ7;f-m7o
7;Ѵ-7o;Ѵ;Ѵ;l;m|oroѴझঞ1oĺv|oঞ;m;-vr;1|ov7;
0-v-;m-vr;1|ov|࣐1mb1ovvbm|;m;u;m1omvb7;u-Ŋ
1bॕmˆ-ub-0Ѵ;vroѴझঞ1-vķrubl-1झ-7;Ѵ-†ঞѴbŒ-1bॕm7;
7-|ov7†uovŐ1†-mঞ|-ঞˆovővo0u;7-|ov1†-Ѵb|-ঞˆovķ
u;7†11bॕm7;Ѵv;u_†l-mo-†m-ˆbvbॕm1olo-1|ou
1om†m-u-1bom-Ѵb7-7;v|ub1|-l;m|;bmv|u†l;m|-Ѵĺ

27

†m7-l;m|ov7;oѴझঞ1-vি0Ѵb1-v
Glosario
 1omঞm†-1bॕmķ v; 7;v-uuoѴѴ-m Ѵ-v 7;Cmb1bom;v 1om1;r|†-Ѵ;v l࢙v u;Ѵ;ˆ-m|;v r-u- Ѵ- Ѵ;1|†u- 7;Ѵ ru;v;m|;
7o1†l;m|oĹ
Actores:-t†;ѴѴovr;uvom-f;vt†;-1|ি-m7;=oul-
7b=;u;m1b-Ѵ=u;m|;-Ѵov7;l࢙v;m†mlbvlo;v1;m-Ŋ
uboķo;m;v|;1-voķ;m;Ѵlbvloruo1;vo7;oѴझঞ1-
ি0Ѵb1-
Agenda:Ѵbv|-7o7;|;l-vt†;ˆ-m-v;ubm|;uˆ;mbŊ
7ovrou;Ѵv|-7o7;l-m;u-ruboub|-ub-ĺ
Decisión pública: 7;1bvbom;v 7; Ѵ- -†|oub7-7 r-u-
u;voѴˆ;uo1u;-u1om7b1bom;vr-u-t†;v;u;v†;Ѵˆ-m
Ѵovruo0Ѵ;l-vrি0Ѵb1ovĺ
;vঞॕmrি0Ѵb1-Ĺruo1;vo7;1bvbom-Ѵķ;m1om|;Š|ov
1olrѴ;fov‹7;lিѴঞrѴ;v-1|ou;vķt†;r;ulb|;or;Ŋ
28
PÚBLICAS
u-uѴ-l-t†bm-ub-;v|-|-Ѵr-u-1†lrѴbuCm;v‹rom;u
;ml-u1_-Ѵ-;v|u-|;]b-ĺ
uo0Ѵ;l-7;oѴझঞ1-ি0Ѵb1-Ĺ1†-m7o;Ѵruo0Ѵ;l-
rি0Ѵb1o ;v 1omvb7;u-7o 1olo blrou|-m|; r-u- ;Ѵ
o0b;umoĺ
Problema público:vb|†-1bॕm7;bmv-ঞv=-11bॕmt†;
-=;1|- - †m 7;|;ulbm-7o mিl;uo 7; r;uvom-v o
t†;blrb7;‹Ѵblb|-Ѵ--11bॕm7;Ѵo0b;umoĺuo7†Ŋ
1;-Ѵ]িmmbˆ;Ѵ7;1omYb1|o;bmv-ঞv=-11bॕmķt†;];Ŋ
m;u-1b;u|ombˆ;Ѵ7;ˆbvb0bѴb7-7-m|;;Ѵo0b;umoķѴ-
orbmbॕmrি0Ѵb1-ķѴovl;7bov7;1ol†mb1-1bॕmķ;m|u;
o|uov-1|ou;vĺo|o7ovѴovruo0Ѵ;l-vrি0Ѵb1ovvom
v†v1;rঞ0Ѵ;v7;bm|;uˆ;m1bॕmrour-u|;7;Ѵv|-7oĺ

†m7-l;m|ov7;oѴझঞ1-vি0Ѵb1-v
Lista de referencias
;1h;uķ ĺ ŐƐƖƖƔőĺ †l-m -rb|-Ѳ -m7 oˆ;u|‹
ѲѲ;ˆb-ࢼomĸ ! )ouhbm] -r;uv Ŧ ƔƑĺ
)-v_bm]|om Ĺ$_;)ouѴ7-mhĺ
|Œbombķ ĺ ŐƐƖѵƕőĺ ľbŠ;7Ŋv1-mmbm]Ĺ Ŀ |_bu7Ŀ
-rruo-1_ |o 7;1bvbomŊl-hbm]Ŀĺ mĹ †0Ѳb1
-7lbmbv|u-ࢼom u;ˆb;‰Ķ (oѴĺ Ƒƕķ oĺ Ɣ
Ő7b1b;l0u;őķoѴ†l0b-&mbˆ;uvb|‹
om;vķ ĺ ŐƐƖƕƏőĺ m m|uo7†1ࢼom |o |_; "|†7‹ o=
†0Ѳb1oѲb1‹ĸ;Ѵlom|Ĺ)-7v‰ou|_ĺ
bm]7omķĺŐƐƖѶƓőĺ];m7-vĶ-Ѳ|;um-ࢼˆ;vĶ-m7r†0Ѳb1
roѲb1b;vĸov|omĹb‚Ѵ;ķuo‰mĺ
-vv‰;ѴѴķĺŐƐƖƕƐőĺu;Ŋ(b;‰o=oѴb1‹"1b;m1;vĺ
;‰+ouh‫ث‬l;ub1-mѲv;ˆb;uĸ
bm70ѴolķĺŐƐƖƔƖőĺľ$_;v1b;m1;o=Ŀl†77Ѵbm]
|_uo†]_Ŀĺ mĹ  †0Ѳb1  -7lbmbv|u-ࢼom u;ˆb;‰Ķ
(oѴĺƐƖķoĺƑķѴ-1h‰;ѴѴ†0Ѵbv_bm]
ॕr;Œķ ĺ ŐƑƏƏƖőĺ
oul†Ѳ-1bࡱm ‹ 1omv|u†11bࡱm 7;
oѲ࠸ࢼ1-v ࣝ0Ѳb1-vĸ m
†m7-l;m|ov 7;
oѴझঞ1-v ি0Ѵb1-vĺ o]o|࢙Ĺ &mbˆ;uvb7-7
-1bom-Ѵ7;oѴol0b-ĺ
29
PÚBLICAS
o‰bķ $ĺ ŐƐƖƕƑő †0Ѵb1 7lbmbv|u-ঞom !;ˆb;‰ĺ
l;ub1-m"o1b;|‹=ou†0Ѳb17lbmbv|u-ࢼomĸ(oѴĺ
ƒƑķoĺƓĺŐ†ѴĺŊ†]ĺķƐƖƕƑőķrrĺƑƖѶŊƒƐƏĺ
oŒ-moķĺŐƑƏƏѶőĺvr;1|ovvo0u;oѲ࠸ࢼ1-vࣝ0Ѳb1-vĸ
o]o|࢙Ĺ&mbˆ;uvb7-7-1bom-Ѵ7;oѴol0b-ĺ
-u1_ķĺķѴv;mķĺķo_;mķĺŐƐƖƕƑőĺľ]-u0-];
1-m  lo7;Ѵ  o=  ou]-mbŒ-ঞom-Ѵ 1_ob1;Ŀĺ mĹ
7lbmbv|u-ࢼˆ;v1b;m1;t†-u|;uѲ‹Ķ(oѴĺƐƕķoķƐ
Ől-uŒoőķoum;ѴѴ&mbˆ;uvb|‹
u7oो;ŒķĺŐƑƏƐƒőĺ-m†-Ѳ7;-m޳Ѳbvbv‹7bv;ࡧo7;
oѲ࠸ࢼ1-v ࣝ0Ѳb1-vĸ &mbˆ;uvb7-7 Š|;um-7o 7;
oѴol0b-ĺ
!o|_ķĺŐƑƏƏƑőĺoѲ࠸ࢼ1-vࣝ0Ѳb1-vĸo]o|࢙Ĺ7b1bom;v
†uou-ĺ
"-mঞ0࢙ो;Œ ĺķ -uu- ĺķ uঞŒ ĺ ŐƑƏƐƔőĺ -
u-1bom-Ѳb7-7 7; Ѳov -1|ou;v ;m oѲ࠸ࢼ1-v
ࣝ0Ѳb1-v‫†ث‬m;vt†;l-|;ࡱub1or-u-;m|;m7;u;Ѳ
=†m1bom-lb;m|o7;Ѳ-v7;lo1u-1b-vlo7;um-vĸ
"blomķ ĺ ŐƐƖƓƕőĺ 7lbmbv|u-ࢼˆ;  0;_-ˆbouĸ  
v|†7‹  o=  7;1bvbomňl-hbm]  ruo1;vv;v  bm
-7lbmbv|u-ࢼˆ; ou]-mbŒ-ࢼomĸ ;‰ +ouhĹ |_;
-1lbѴѴb-molr-m‹ĺ

†m7-l;m|ov7;oѴझঞ1-vি0Ѵb1-v
"†0bu-|vķ ĺ ŐƐƖƖƓőĺ m޳Ѳbvbv 7; oѲ࠸ࢼ1-v ࣝ0Ѳb1-v ‹
;C1-1b-7;Ѳ--7lbmbv|u-1bࡱmĸ-7ub7Ĺbmbv|;ubo
r-u-Ѵ-v7lbmbv|u-1bom;vি0Ѵb1-vĺ
;uu-u;Œbķ ĺ oѴझঞ1-v ি0Ѵb1-vĺ u-vbѴb-Ĺ
30
PÚBLICAS
"†0bu-|vķ ĺ ŐƑƏƏƕőĺ ;Cmb1bࡱm 7;Ѳ ruo0Ѳ;l-ĸ
!;Ѳ;ˆ-m1b-rࣝ0Ѳb1-‹=oul-1bࡱm7;Ѳ--];m7-7;
-1|†-1bࡱm7;Ѳovro7;u;vrࣝ0Ѳb1ovĸm"-u-ˆb-ķ
ĺ
v1†;Ѵ--1bom-Ѵ7;7lbmbv|u-1bॕmি0Ѵb1-
 &    ‫ܬ‬$

†m7-l;m|ov7;oѴझঞ1-vি0Ѵb1-v

"†07bu;11bॕm7;uo‹;11bॕmmvঞ|†1bom-ѴŊ"Ŋ