EJEMPLO PUENTE TIPO VIGA T

Diseñar un Puente tipo Viga Losa para cubrir un claro total de 20 mt, en las figuras se muestra el corte
longitudinal y transversal del Puente. Todo Cálculo se hará para Viga Exterior

PERFIL LONGITUDINAL PERFIL TRANSVERSAL

L= 15 m
WL = 7.95 m
WT = 9.05 m
 1. ESTRUCTURACIÓN
L= 15.00 m
NL = 2.21 Entonces Usar: NL = 2 Carriles de Diseño
Nb = 4.00 Vigas
S= 2.26 Entonces Usar: S= 2.25 m
bw = 0.35 m, Entonces Usar bw = 0.50 m
ts = 0.175 m, Entonces Usar ts = 0.18 m
h= 1.050 m, Entonces Usar h = 1.20 m
hvd = 0.90 m
bvd = 0.25 m

PERFIL TRANSVERSAL
 2. DISEÑO POR FLEXIÓN
2.1. CÁLCULO MDC, MDW: VIGA EXTERIOR

2.1.1) SECCIÓN: 0.50 A-B

A) Metrado de Cargas: Wdc, Pdc, Wdw

PERFIL TRANSVERSAL

DC: LOSA = 0.98 tn/m

NERVIO = 1.22 tn/m
BARRERA = 0.75 tn/m

WDC = 2.95 tn/m

PDC: V. DIAFRAGMA = 0.38 tn

PDC = 0.38 tn/m

DW: ASFALTO = 0.39 tn/m

WDW = 0.39 tn/m

B) Línea de Influencia

LIM0.5 A-B
-2.50
(-)

A (+)
B C

3.75

7.50 m 7.50 m 5.00 m

AT = 21.88

C) MDC, MDW:

MDC = 65.02 tn-m

MDW = 8.53 tn-m

2.1.2) SECCIÓN: APOYO "B"

A) Metrado de Cargas: Wdc, Pdc, Wdw

PERFIL TRANSVERSAL

DC: LOSA = 0.98 tn/m

NERVIO = 1.22 tn/m
BARRERA = 0.75 tn/m

WDC = 2.95 tn/m

PDC: V. DIAFRAGMA = 0.38 tn

PDC = 0.38 tn/m

DW: ASFALTO = 0.39 tn/m

WDW = 0.39 tn/m

B) Línea de Influencia

LIMB
-5

(-)

A B C

15 m 5m

AT = -12.50

C) MDC, MDW:

MDC = -38.78 tn-m

MDW = -4.88 tn-m

2.2. CÁLCULO DE “mg”

A) Superestructura Flexible:

- Un Carril Cargado:

+
ΣMB = 0
 
R x (2.25) – 𝑷/𝟐 ("2.25" )" "– 𝑷/𝟐 ("0.45" )" "= 0

R = 0.60 P
mgext (1 carril) = 1.20 x 0.60 = 0.72

mgext = 0.72

- 2 Carriles Cargados:
 de = 0.60 m

e= 0.98 m

2.25 m

ts = 0.18 m

1.02 m

bw= 0.50 m

I= 0.0442 m4
eg = 0.60 m
A= 0.51 m2
kg = 0.2278 m4
s= 2.25 m
L= 15 m

mgint (1 Carril) = 0.54

mgint (1 Carril) = 0.72

mgint = 0.72

mgext = 0.71

FINALMENTE, "mg"

mgext = 0.76
B) Superestructura Rígida:

- Un Carril Cargado:

〖 "Σ" 𝒙 〗 ^𝟐 = 𝟐 𝒙 ( 〖𝟏 .𝟏𝟐𝟓 〗 ^𝟐 +
〖𝟑 .𝟑𝟕𝟓 〗 ^𝟐 )=𝟐𝟓.𝟑𝟏𝟑 𝒎^𝟐

𝑹=[𝟏/𝟒+(𝟑.𝟑𝟕𝟓 𝒙 𝟐.𝟒𝟕𝟓)/(𝟐𝟓.𝟑𝟏𝟑)]𝑷=𝟎.𝟓𝟖 𝑷;𝒆𝒏

mgext (1 carril) = 1.20 x 0.58 = 0.70

mgext = 0.70

- 2 Carriles Cargados:
𝑹=[𝟐/𝟒+(𝟑.𝟑𝟕𝟓 𝒙 (𝟐.𝟒𝟕𝟓 − 𝟎.𝟓𝟐𝟓))/(𝟐𝟓.𝟑𝟏𝟑)]
𝑷;𝒆𝒏𝒕𝒐𝒏𝒄𝒆𝒔:𝒈=𝟎.𝟕𝟔

mgext (2 carriles) = 1.00 x 0.76 = 0.76

mgext = 0.76
𝑷=𝟎.𝟓𝟖 𝑷;𝒆𝒏𝒕𝒐𝒏𝒄𝒆𝒔:𝒈=𝟎.𝟓𝟖
))/(𝟐𝟓.𝟑𝟏𝟑)]𝑷=𝟎.𝟕𝟔

.76
2.3. CÁLCULO DE MLL, MIM

A) SECCIÓN: 0.50 A-B

- Camión:

3.63 tn 14.52 tn 14.52 tn

4.30 m 4.30 m -2.50

(-)

(+)
A B C
Y1 Y2
3.75

7.50 m 7.50 m 5.00 m

3.75
Y1 = Y2 = * ( 7 - 4.30 ) = 1.45
7.00

Mtr+= 14.52 * 1.45 + 14.52 *

3.75 + 3.63 * 1.45

Mtr+ = 80.70 tn-m/carril

- Tanden:

11.35 tn 11.35 tn

1.20 m -2.50

(-)

(+)
A Y3 B C

3.75

7.50 m 7.50 m 5.00 m

 3.75
Y3= * ( 7.5 - 1.2 ) = 3.15
7.50

Y3= 11.35 * 3.75 + 11.35 * 3.15

Y3 = 78.32
- Carril:

15 * 3.75
A+= = 28.13
2

Mln + = 0.952 * 28.125 = 26.78 tn-m/carril

- Entonces:

MLL + = ( 83.49 + 26.78 ) * 0.76 = 83.80

MIM + = 0.33 * 83.49 * 0.76 = 20.94

B) SECCIÓN: APOYO “B”

- Camión:

14.52 tn 14.52 tn 3.63 tn

4.30 m 4.30 m

-5.00
Y1 (-)

A B C

15.00 m 5.00 m

-5
Y1 = * ( 5 - 4.30
5

Mtr-= 14.52 * -0.70 + 14.52

-5 + 3.63 * 0.0

Mtr+ = -82.76 tn-m/carril

- Tanden:

11.35 tn 11.35 tn

1.20 m

-5
Y2
(-)

A B C

15 m 5m
 -5
Y2= * ( 5 - 1.2
5.00

Mta-= 11.35 * -3.8 + 11.35

Mta- = -99.88 tn-m/carril

- Carril:

0.952 tn/m

-5

(-)

A B C

15 m 5m

𝑨=(𝟓∗−𝟓)/𝟐=−𝟏𝟐.𝟓𝟎

𝑴𝒍𝒏−=𝟎.𝟗𝟓𝟐∗−𝟏𝟐.𝟓𝟎=−𝟏𝟏.𝟗𝟎 tn-m/carril

- Entonces:

tn-m 𝑴𝑳𝑳−=(−𝟗𝟗.𝟖𝟖−𝟏𝟏.𝟗𝟎) 𝒙 𝟎.𝟕𝟔=−𝟖𝟒.𝟗𝟓 tn-m

𝑴𝑰𝑴−=𝟎.𝟑𝟑 𝒙 −𝟗𝟗.𝟖𝟖 𝒙 𝟎.𝟕𝟔=−𝟐𝟓.𝟎𝟓 tn-m

tn-m
) = -0.70

*
) = -3.8

* -5
 CAMION

PRIMER DECIMO DEL TRAMO BC

CAMION

14.52 tn

0.2 m

Y2

A B

15.00 m

TANDEN

11.35 tn
 11.35 tn

3.30 m

Y2

A B

15.00 m

CARRIL

15 m

−68.224+(−11.9)= -80.124 ton.m/carril

 −68.224+(−11.9)= -80.124 ton.m/carril
CALCULO DEL MLL

−88.53+(−11.9)=−100.43 𝑡𝑜𝑛.𝑚/𝑐𝑎𝑟𝑟𝑖𝑙

SEGUNDO DECIMO DEL TRAMO BC

CAMION

14.52 tn

A B

15.00 m

TANDEN

11.35 tn

2.80 m

Y2

A B
 15.00 m

CALCULO DE MLL

−58.08+(−11.9)= .... ton.m/carril

−77.18+(−11.9)= -89.08 ton.m/carril

TERCER DECIMO DEL TRAMO BC

CAMION

14.52 tn

15.00 m

TANDEN
 2.30 m

15.00 m

CALCULO DE MLL

−50.82+(−11.9)= .... ton.m/carril 𝑀𝐿𝐿=−77.83∗0.7

−65.83+(−11.9)= -77.83 ton.m/carril 𝑀𝐼𝑀=0.76∗0.33∗

CUARTO DECIMO DEL TRAMO BC

CAMION

14.52 tn

A
 A

15.00 m

TANDEN

1.80 m

Y2

15.00 m

CALCULO DEL MLL

−43.56+(−11.9)= .... ton.m/carril

−54.48+(−11.9)= -66.38 ton.m/carril

QUINTO DECIMO DEL TRAMO BC

CAMION

14.52 tn

15.00 m

TANDEN

1.30 m

15.00 m
CALCULO DEL MLL

−36.3+(−11.9)= .... ton.m/carril

−43.13+(−11.9)= -55.03 ton.m/carril

SEXTO DECIMO DEL TRAMO BC

CAMION

14.52 tn

15.00 m

TANDEN
 0.80 m

Y2

15.00 m

CALCULO DEL MLL

−29.04+(−11.9)= .... ton.m/carril

−31.78+(−11.9)= -43.68 ton.m/carril

SEPTIMO DECIMO DEL TRAMO BC

CAMION

14.52 tn

A
 A

15.00 m

TANDEN

0.30 m

15.00 m

CALCULO DEL MLL

−20.43+(−11.9)= ....ton.m/carril

−21.78+(−11.9)= -33.68 ton.m/carril

OCTAVO DECIMO DEL TRAMO BC

CAMION

14.52 tn

15.00 m

TANDEN

15.00 m
CALCULO DEL MLL

−14.52+(−11.9)= -26.42ton.m/carril

−11.35+(−11.9)= ....ton.m/carril

NOVENO DECIMO DEL TRAMO BC

CAMION

14.52 tn

15.00 m
 TANDEN

15.00 m

CALCULO DEL MLL

−7.26+(−11.9)= -19.16ton.m/carril
 TANDEN

14.52 tn 14.52 tn
5/5=𝑌1/4.5=4.5
0.2 m 4.30 m 0.5 m

Y2 Y1
-5.00
5/5=𝑌2/0.2=0.2
(-)

B C

𝑀𝑡𝑟=14.52∗−4.5+14.52∗−
5.00 m
(𝑡𝑛−𝑚)/𝑐𝑎𝑟𝑟𝑖𝑙

11.35 tn 11.35 tn 5/5=𝑌1/(−4.5)=−4.5

 11.35 tn 11.35 tn 5/5=𝑌1/(−4.5)=−4.5
3.30 m 1.20 m 0.5 m

Y2 Y1
-5.00 5/5=𝑌2/
(-) (−3.30)=−3.30

B C
𝑀𝑡𝑛=11.35∗−4.5+11.35∗−3.
(𝑡𝑛−𝑚)/𝑐𝑎𝑟𝑟𝑖𝑙
5.00 m

0.952 tn/m

-5
𝐴𝑇=(−5∗5)/2=−12.5 𝑚2
(-)

B C
0.952∗−12.5=−11.9

5m

ton.m/carril MLL=0.76∗(−100.43)=−76.32
 ton.m/carril MLL=0.76∗(−100.43)=−76.32

3 𝑡𝑜𝑛.𝑚/𝑐𝑎𝑟𝑟𝑖𝑙 MIM=0.76∗(−100.43)∗0.33=−25.187

14.52 tn 14.52 tn

4.0 m 1.0 m 5/5=𝑌1/(−4.0)=−4.0

Y1
-5.00

(-)

B C
𝑀𝑡𝑟=14.52∗−4.0=−58.08
5.00 m

11.35 tn 11.35 tn
5/5=𝑌1/(−4)=−4
2.80 m 1.20 m 1.0 m

Y2 Y1
-5.00
5/5=𝑌2/
(-) (−2.80)=−2.80
B C

𝑀𝑡𝑛=11.35∗−4+11.35∗
 𝑀𝑡𝑛=11.35∗−4+11.35∗
5.00 m

𝑀𝐿𝐿=0.76∗-89.08=-67.70

𝑀𝐿𝐿=0.76∗0.33∗−89.08=−22.34

14.52 tn 14.52 tn 5/5=𝑌1/(−3.5)=−3.5

4.30 m 1.50 m

Y1
-5.00

(-)
𝑀𝑡𝑟=14.52∗−3.5=−50.82 (𝑡𝑛−𝑚

B C

5.00 m
 11.35 tn 11.35 tn
5/5=𝑌1/
2.30 m 1.20 m 1.50 m (−3.50)=−3.50
Y1
-5.00

(-)
5/5=𝑌2/
B C
(−2.30)=−2.30

5.00 m
𝑀𝑡𝑛=11.35∗−3.50+11.3

𝑀𝐿𝐿=−77.83∗0.76=−59.074 ton.m/carril

𝑀𝐼𝑀=0.76∗0.33∗0.76=−19.494 ton.m/carril

14.52 tn 14.52 tn
5/5=𝑌1/(−3.0)=−3.0
3.0 m 2.0 m

Y1
-5.00

(-) 𝑀𝑡𝑟=14.52∗−3.0=−43.56 (𝑡𝑛−𝑚

B C
B C

5.00 m

11.35 tn 11.35 tn

5/5=𝑌1/(−3.0)=−3.0
1.80 m 1.20 m 2.0 m

Y2 Y1
-5.00

(-)
5/5=𝑌2/
B C
(−1.80)=−1.80

5.00 m
𝑀𝑡𝑛=11.35∗−3.0+11.35∗

M𝐿𝐿=0.76∗−66.38= -50.44 ton.m/carril

M𝐼𝑀=0.76∗−66.38∗0.33= -16.64 ton.m/carril

14.52 tn 14.52 tn
5/5=𝑌1/
2.50 m 2.50 m
(−2.50)=−2.50
Y1
-5.00

(-)
𝑀𝑡𝑟=14.52∗−2.50=−36.3 (𝑡𝑛−𝑚)
B C

5.00 m

11.35 tn 11.35 tn
5/5=𝑌1/
1.30 m 1.20 m 2.50 m (−2.50)=−2.50
Y1
-5.00
5/5=𝑌2/
(-)
(−1.30)=−1.30
B C
𝑀𝑡𝑛=11.35∗−2.5+11.35
5.00 m
 𝑀𝐿𝐿=−55.03∗0.76= -41.822ton.m/carril

𝑀𝑂𝑀=−55.03∗0.76∗0.33= -13.80ton.m/carril

14.52 tn 14.52 tn 5/5=𝑌1/

(−2.00)=−2.00
2.00 m 3.00 m

Y1
-5.00

(-)
𝑀𝑡𝑟=14.52∗−2.00=−29.04 (𝑡𝑛−𝑚

B C

5.00 m

11.35 tn 11.35 tn
 11.35 tn 11.35 tn

0.80 m 3.00 m
5/5=𝑌1/
1.20 m
(−2.00)=−2.00
Y2 Y1
-5.00

(-)
5/5=𝑌2/
B C (−0.80)=−0.80

5.00 m
𝑀𝑡𝑛=11.35∗−2.0+11.35∗

𝑀𝐿𝐿=−43.68∗0.76=−33.196ton.m/carril

𝑀𝐼𝑀=−43.68∗0.76∗0.33=−10.955ton.m/carril

14.52 tn 14.52 tn
5/5=𝑌1/
1.50 m 3.50 m (−1.50)=−1.50
Y1
-5.00

(-) 𝑀𝑡𝑟=14.52∗−1.50=−21.78 (𝑡𝑛−𝑚

B C
 B C

5.00 m

11.35 tn 11.35 tn

1.20 m
5/5=𝑌1/
0.30 m 3.50 m
(−1.50)=−1.50
Y1
-5.00

(-) 5/5=𝑌2/
(−0.30)=−0.30
B C

5.00 m 𝑀𝑡𝑛=11.35∗−1.50+11.35∗

𝑀𝐿𝐿=−33.68∗0.76=−25.596ton.m/carril

𝑀𝐼𝑀=−33.68∗0.76∗0.33=−8.447ton.m/carril
14.52 tn 14.52 tn

1.00 m 4.00 m
5/5=𝑌1/(−1.0)=−1.0
Y1
-5.00

(-) 𝑀𝑡𝑟=14.52∗−1.0=−14.52 (𝑡𝑛−𝑚

B C

5.00 m

11.35 tn 11.35 tn

4.00 m 5/5=𝑌1/(−1.0)=−1.0
Y1
-5.00

(-)

𝑀𝑡𝑛=11.35∗−1.0=−11.35 (𝑡𝑛−𝑚
B C

5.00 m
 𝑀𝐿𝐿=−26.42∗0.76=−20.074ton.m/carril

𝑀𝐼𝑀=−26.42∗0.76∗0.33=−6.626ton.m/carril

14.52 tn 14.52 tn 5/5=𝑌1/(−0.5)=−0.5

0.50 m 4.50 m

Y1
-5.00
𝑀𝑡𝑟=14.52∗−0.5=−7.26 (𝑡𝑛−𝑚)
(-)

B C

5.00 m
 11.35 tn 11.35 tn
5/5=𝑌1/(−0.5)=−0.5
0.50 m 4.50 m

Y1
-5.00

(-) 𝑀𝑡𝑛=11.35∗−0.5=−5.675 (𝑡𝑛−𝑚)/

B C

5.00 m

𝑀𝐿𝐿=−19.16∗0.76=−14.561ton.m/carril

𝑀𝐼𝑀=−19.16∗0.76∗0.33=−4.805ton.m/carril
=4.5

=0.2

.52∗−4.5+14.52∗−0.2=−68.244
/𝑐𝑎𝑟𝑟𝑖𝑙

.5)=−4.5
.5)=−4.5

3.30

5∗−4.5+11.35∗−3.30=−88.53
𝑎𝑟𝑟𝑖𝑙

5∗5)/2=−12.5 𝑚2
4.0)=−4.0

52∗−4.0=−58.08 (𝑡𝑛−𝑚)/𝑐𝑎𝑟𝑟𝑖𝑙

(−4)=−4

𝑌2/
0)=−2.80

11.35∗−4+11.35∗−2.80=−77.18 (𝑡𝑛−𝑚)/𝑐𝑎𝑟𝑟𝑖𝑙
11.35∗−4+11.35∗−2.80=−77.18 (𝑡𝑛−𝑚)/𝑐𝑎𝑟𝑟𝑖𝑙

1/(−3.5)=−3.5

3.5=−50.82 (𝑡𝑛−𝑚)/𝑐𝑎𝑟𝑟𝑖𝑙
1/
)=−3.50

2/
0)=−2.30

11.35∗−3.50+11.35∗−2.30=−65.83 (𝑡𝑛−𝑚)/𝑐𝑎𝑟𝑟𝑖𝑙

1/(−3.0)=−3.0

.0=−43.56 (𝑡𝑛−𝑚)/𝑐𝑎𝑟𝑟𝑖𝑙
1/(−3.0)=−3.0

2/
)=−1.80

1.35∗−3.0+11.35∗−1.80=−54.48 (𝑡𝑛−𝑚)/𝑐𝑎𝑟𝑟𝑖𝑙
1/
=−2.50

50=−36.3 (𝑡𝑛−𝑚)/𝑐𝑎𝑟𝑟𝑖𝑙

𝑌1/
0)=−2.50

𝑌2/
0)=−1.30

11.35∗−2.5+11.35∗−1.3=−43.13 (𝑡𝑛−𝑚)/𝑐𝑎𝑟𝑟𝑖𝑙
1/
)=−2.00

00=−29.04 (𝑡𝑛−𝑚)/𝑐𝑎𝑟𝑟𝑖𝑙
1/
)=−2.00

𝑌2/
0)=−0.80

1.35∗−2.0+11.35∗−0.80=−31.78 (𝑡𝑛−𝑚)/𝑐𝑎𝑟𝑟𝑖𝑙

𝑌1/
0)=−1.50

1.50=−21.78 (𝑡𝑛−𝑚)/𝑐𝑎𝑟𝑟𝑖𝑙
1/
)=−1.50

2/
)=−0.30

.35∗−1.50+11.35∗−0.30=−20.43 (𝑡𝑛−𝑚)/𝑐𝑎𝑟𝑟𝑖𝑙
 1/(−1.0)=−1.0

−1.0=−14.52 (𝑡𝑛−𝑚)/𝑐𝑎𝑟𝑟𝑖𝑙

/(−1.0)=−1.0

1.0=−11.35 (𝑡𝑛−𝑚)/𝑐𝑎𝑟𝑟𝑖𝑙
/(−0.5)=−0.5

0.5=−7.26 (𝑡𝑛−𝑚)/𝑐𝑎𝑟𝑟𝑖𝑙
(−0.5)=−0.5

=−5.675 (𝑡𝑛−𝑚)/𝑐𝑎𝑟𝑟𝑖𝑙