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𝐴𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑜𝑠 𝑐𝑖𝑟𝑐𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑡𝑒
𝑅𝑎𝑧ó𝑛 𝑐𝑖𝑟𝑐𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑡𝑒 =
𝑃𝑎𝑠𝑖𝑣𝑜𝑠 𝑐𝑖𝑟𝑐𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑠

▪


𝐴𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑜𝑠 𝑐𝑖𝑟𝑐𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑡𝑒 1,290

𝑅𝑎𝑧ó𝑛 𝑐𝑖𝑟𝑐𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑡𝑒 = = ≈ 2.39 𝑣𝑒𝑐𝑒𝑠.
𝑃𝑎𝑠𝑖𝑣𝑜𝑠 𝑐𝑖𝑟𝑐𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑠 540.2
▪

▪
𝐴𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑜𝑠 𝑐𝑖𝑟𝑐𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑡𝑒 − 𝐼𝑛𝑣𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑜𝑠
𝑃𝑟𝑢𝑒𝑏𝑎 𝑟á𝑝𝑖𝑑𝑎 =
𝑃𝑎𝑠𝑖𝑣𝑜𝑠 𝑐𝑖𝑟𝑐𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑠

𝐴𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑜𝑠 𝑐𝑖𝑟𝑐𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑡𝑒 − 𝐼𝑛𝑣𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑜𝑠

𝑃𝑟𝑢𝑒𝑏𝑎 𝑟á𝑝𝑖𝑑𝑎 =
𝑃𝑎𝑠𝑖𝑣𝑜𝑠 𝑐𝑖𝑟𝑐𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑠
1,290.00 − 836.00
= ≈ 0.84 𝑣𝑒𝑐𝑒𝑠.
540.20

▪ Mide el número de dólares de ventas que son generados por unidad monetaria (peso, dólar,
etcétera) de inventario.
▪ Se puede interpretar como el número de veces que una empresa sustituye sus inventarios
durante un año.
▪ También es común usar ventas en el numerador.
o La única diferencia entre ventas y costo de ventas es un margen de ganancia bruta.

𝐶𝑜𝑠𝑡𝑜 𝑑𝑒 𝑣𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑠
𝑅𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑐𝑖ó𝑛 𝑑𝑒 𝑖𝑛𝑣𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑜 =
𝐼𝑛𝑣𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑜
▪

𝐶𝑜𝑠𝑡𝑜 𝑑𝑒 𝑣𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑠
𝑅𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑐𝑖ó𝑛 𝑑𝑒 𝑖𝑛𝑣𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑜 =
𝐼𝑛𝑣𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑜
3,250.00
= ≈ 3.89 𝑣𝑒𝑐𝑒𝑠.
836.00

▪
▪

𝑉𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑠 𝑎 𝑐𝑟é𝑑𝑖𝑡𝑜
𝑅𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑐𝑖ó𝑛 𝑑𝑒 𝑐 × 𝑐 =
𝐶𝑢𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑠 𝑝𝑜𝑟 𝑐𝑜𝑏𝑟𝑎𝑟

𝑉𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑠 𝑎 𝑐𝑟é𝑑𝑖𝑡𝑜 3,850.00

𝑅𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑐𝑖ó𝑛 𝑑𝑒 𝑐 × 𝑐 = = ≈ 9.58 𝑣𝑒𝑐𝑒𝑠.
𝐶𝑢𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑠 𝑝𝑜𝑟 𝑐𝑜𝑏𝑟𝑎𝑟 402.00

▪
▪
▪ Nos dice cuántos días, en promedio, se requieren para cobrar una venta a crédito.
𝐶 × 𝐶
𝑃𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑜𝑑𝑜 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑑𝑖𝑜 𝑑𝑒 𝑐𝑜𝑏𝑟𝑜 =
𝑉𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑠 𝑎 𝑐𝑟é𝑑𝑖𝑡𝑜 ⁄360
(𝐶 × 𝐶) ∙ 360
=
𝑉𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑠 𝑎 𝑐𝑟é𝑑𝑖𝑡𝑜

402.00
𝑃𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑜𝑑𝑜 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑑𝑖𝑜 𝑑𝑒 𝑐𝑜𝑏𝑟𝑜 = ≈ 37.59 𝑑í𝑎𝑠.
3,850.00⁄360

𝑉𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑠
𝑅𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑐𝑖ó𝑛 𝑑𝑒 𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑜 𝑓𝑖𝑗𝑜 =
𝐴𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑜𝑠 𝑓𝑖𝑗𝑜𝑠 𝑛𝑒𝑡𝑜𝑠

𝑉𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑠 3,850
𝑅𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑐𝑖ó𝑛 𝑑𝑒 𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑜 𝑓𝑖𝑗𝑜 = = ≈ 10.67.
𝐴𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑜𝑠 𝑓𝑖𝑗𝑜𝑠 𝑛𝑒𝑡𝑜𝑠 360.80

𝑉𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑠
𝑅𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑐𝑖ó𝑛 𝑑𝑒 𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑜𝑠 𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙𝑒𝑠 =
𝐴𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑜𝑠 𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙𝑒𝑠
 3,850.00
𝑅𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑐𝑖ó𝑛 𝑑𝑒 𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑜𝑠 𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙𝑒𝑠 = ≈ $2.33.
1,650.80

✓
✓

▪
 ▪

𝑃𝑎𝑠𝑖𝑣𝑜𝑠 𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙𝑒𝑠
𝑅𝑎𝑧ó𝑛 𝑑𝑒 𝑑𝑒𝑢𝑑𝑎 𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 =
𝐴𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑜𝑠 𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙𝑒𝑠

𝐴𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑜𝑠 𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙𝑒𝑠 − 𝐶𝑎𝑝𝑖𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒 𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙

=
𝐴𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑜𝑠 𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙𝑒𝑠

𝐶𝑎𝑝𝑖𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒 𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙

=1−
𝐴𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑜𝑠 𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙𝑒𝑠

964.81
𝑅𝑎𝑧ó𝑛 𝑑𝑒 𝑑𝑒𝑢𝑑𝑎 𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 = ≈ 58.45%
1,650.80

$1,650.8 $964.5 $686.0

⏞
𝐴𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑜𝑠 ⏞
𝑃𝑎𝑠𝑖𝑣𝑜𝑠 ⏞
𝐶𝑎𝑝𝑖𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒
= +
⏟
𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙𝑒𝑠 ⏟
𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙𝑒𝑠 ⏟ 𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙
100% 58.45% 41.55%

𝐷𝑒𝑢𝑑𝑎 𝑎 𝑙𝑎𝑟𝑔𝑜 𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑧𝑜

𝑅𝑎𝑧ó𝑛 𝑑𝑒 𝑑𝑒𝑢𝑑𝑎 𝑎 𝑙𝑎𝑟𝑔𝑜 𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑧𝑜 =
𝐴𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑜𝑠 𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙𝑒𝑠
 𝐷𝑒𝑢𝑑𝑎 𝑎 𝑙𝑎𝑟𝑔𝑜 𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑧𝑜 424.61
𝑅𝑎𝑧ó𝑛 𝑑𝑒 𝑑𝑒𝑢𝑑𝑎 𝑎 𝑙𝑎𝑟𝑔𝑜 𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑧𝑜 = = ≈ 25.72%
𝐴𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑜𝑠 𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙𝑒𝑠 1,650.80

$1,650.8 $540.2 $424.61 $686.0

⏞
𝐴𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑜𝑠 ⏞𝑃𝑎𝑠𝑖𝑣𝑜𝑠 ⏞𝐷𝑒𝑢𝑑𝑎 𝑎 ⏞
𝐶𝑎𝑝𝑖𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒
= + +
⏟
𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙𝑒𝑠 ⏟
𝑐𝑖𝑟𝑐𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑠 𝑙𝑎𝑟𝑔𝑜
⏟ 𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑧𝑜 ⏟ 𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙
100% 32.72% 25.72% 41.55%

𝑅𝑎𝑧ó𝑛 𝑑𝑒 𝑑𝑒𝑢𝑑𝑎 𝑎 𝑙𝑎𝑟𝑔𝑜 𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑧𝑜 𝑎 𝑐𝑎𝑝𝑖𝑡𝑎𝑙

𝐷𝑒𝑢𝑑𝑎 𝑎 𝑙𝑎𝑟𝑔𝑜 𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑧𝑜

=
𝐷𝑒𝑢𝑑𝑎 𝑎 𝑙𝑎𝑟𝑔𝑜 𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑧𝑜 + 𝑐𝑎𝑝𝑖𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒

424.61
𝑅𝑎𝑧ó𝑛 𝑑𝑒 𝑑𝑒𝑢𝑑𝑎 𝑎 𝑙𝑎𝑟𝑔𝑜 𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑧𝑜 𝑎 𝑐𝑎𝑝𝑖𝑡𝑎𝑙 = ≈ 38.23%
425.61 + 685.99

1
▪
𝑃𝑎𝑠𝑖𝑣𝑜 𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙
𝑅𝑎𝑧ó𝑛 𝑑𝑒 𝑑𝑒𝑢𝑑𝑎 𝑎 𝑐𝑎𝑝𝑖𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒 =
𝑐𝑎𝑝𝑖𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒

964.81
𝑅𝑎𝑧ó𝑛 𝑑𝑒 𝑑𝑒𝑢𝑑𝑎 𝑎 𝑐𝑎𝑝𝑖𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒 = ≈ 1.41 𝑣𝑒𝑐𝑒𝑠.
685.99

▪
▪

𝑈𝐴𝐼𝐼
𝑉𝑒𝑐𝑒𝑠 𝑞𝑢𝑒 𝑠𝑒 ℎ𝑎 𝑔𝑎𝑛𝑎𝑑𝑜 𝑒𝑙 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟é𝑠 =
𝐺𝑎𝑠𝑡𝑜 𝑝𝑜𝑟 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑒𝑠

149.79
𝑉𝑒𝑐𝑒𝑠 𝑞𝑢𝑒 𝑠𝑒 ℎ𝑎 𝑔𝑎𝑛𝑎𝑑𝑜 𝑒𝑙 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟é𝑠 = ≈ 1.97 𝑣𝑒𝑐𝑒𝑠.
76.00
▪

▪
o
▪

𝑈𝐴𝐼𝐼 + 𝑔𝑎𝑠𝑡𝑜𝑠 𝑛𝑜 𝑚𝑜𝑛𝑒𝑡𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑜𝑠

𝑅𝑎𝑧ó𝑛 𝑑𝑒 𝑐𝑜𝑏𝑒𝑟𝑡𝑢𝑟𝑎 𝑑𝑒 𝑒𝑓𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑜 =
𝐺𝑎𝑠𝑡𝑜 𝑝𝑜𝑟 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑒𝑠

149.70 + 20.00
𝑅𝑎𝑧ó𝑛 𝑑𝑒 𝑐𝑜𝑏𝑒𝑟𝑡𝑢𝑟𝑎 𝑑𝑒 𝑒𝑓𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑜 = ≈ 2.23 𝑣𝑒𝑐𝑒𝑠.
76.00

▪
▪

𝑈𝑡𝑖𝑙𝑖𝑑𝑎𝑑 𝑏𝑟𝑢𝑡𝑎
𝑀𝑎𝑟𝑔𝑒𝑛 𝑑𝑒 𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑙𝑖𝑑𝑎𝑑 𝑏𝑟𝑢𝑡𝑎 =
𝑉𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑠

600.00
𝑀𝑎𝑟𝑔𝑒𝑛 𝑑𝑒 𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑙𝑖𝑑𝑎𝑑 𝑏𝑟𝑢𝑡𝑎 = ≈ 15.58%
3,850.00
▪

▪
𝑈𝐴𝐼𝐼
𝑀𝑎𝑟𝑔𝑒𝑛 𝑑𝑒 𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑙𝑖𝑑𝑎𝑑 𝑜𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑎 =
𝑉𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑠

149.70
𝑀𝑎𝑟𝑔𝑒𝑛 𝑑𝑒 𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑙𝑖𝑑𝑎𝑑 𝑜𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑎 = ≈ 3.89%
3,850.00

▪
▪
𝑈𝑡𝑖𝑙𝑖𝑑𝑎𝑑 𝑛𝑒𝑡𝑎
𝑀𝑎𝑟𝑔𝑒𝑛 𝑑𝑒 𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑙𝑖𝑑𝑎𝑑 𝑛𝑒𝑡𝑎 =
𝑉𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑠

𝑈𝑡𝑖𝑙𝑖𝑑𝑎𝑑 𝑛𝑒𝑡𝑎 44.22

𝑀𝑎𝑟𝑔𝑒𝑛 𝑑𝑒 𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑙𝑖𝑑𝑎𝑑 𝑛𝑒𝑡𝑎 = = ≈ 1.15%
𝑉𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑠 3850.00
 

▪
▪

𝑈𝑡𝑖𝑙𝑖𝑑𝑎𝑑 𝑛𝑒𝑡𝑎
𝑅𝑒𝑛𝑑𝑖𝑚𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑜 𝑠𝑜𝑏𝑟𝑒 𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑜𝑠 𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙𝑒𝑠 =
𝐴𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑜𝑠 𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙𝑒𝑠

𝑈𝑡𝑖𝑙𝑖𝑑𝑎𝑑 𝑛𝑒𝑡𝑎 44.22

𝑅𝑒𝑛𝑑𝑖𝑚𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑜 𝑠𝑜𝑏𝑟𝑒 𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑜𝑠 𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙𝑒𝑠 = = ≈ 2.68%
𝐴𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑜𝑠 𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙𝑒𝑠 1,650.80

▪
𝑈𝑡𝑖𝑙𝑖𝑑𝑎𝑑 𝑛𝑒𝑡𝑎
𝑅𝑒𝑛𝑑𝑖𝑚𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑜 𝑠𝑜𝑏𝑟𝑒 𝑒𝑙 𝑐𝑎𝑝𝑖𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒 =
𝐶𝑎𝑝𝑖𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒 𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙

𝑈𝑡𝑖𝑙𝑖𝑑𝑎𝑑 𝑛𝑒𝑡𝑎 44.22

𝑅𝑒𝑛𝑑𝑖𝑚𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑜 𝑠𝑜𝑏𝑟𝑒 𝑒𝑙 𝑐𝑎𝑝𝑖𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒 = = ≈ 6.45%
𝐶𝑎𝑝𝑖𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒 𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 685.99


o 𝑍 < límite
o
 𝑍

𝑍 = 1.2𝑋1 + 1.4𝑋2 + 3.3𝑋3 + 0.6𝑋4 + 𝑋5

𝑖− 𝑋𝑖
𝐶𝑎𝑝𝑖𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑑𝑒 𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑏𝑎𝑗𝑜 𝑛𝑒𝑡𝑜
▪ 𝑋1 = .
𝐴𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑜𝑠 𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙𝑒𝑠
𝑈𝑡𝑖𝑙𝑖𝑑𝑎𝑑𝑒𝑠 𝑟𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑖𝑑𝑎𝑠
▪ 𝑋2 = .
𝐴𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑜𝑠 𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙𝑒𝑠
𝑈𝐴𝐼𝐼
▪ 𝑋3 = .
𝐴𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑜𝑠 𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙𝑒𝑠
𝑉𝑎𝑙𝑜𝑟 𝑑𝑒 𝑚𝑒𝑟𝑐𝑎𝑑𝑜 𝑑𝑒𝑙 𝑐𝑎𝑝𝑖𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒
▪ 𝑋4 = .
𝑉𝑎𝑙𝑜𝑟 𝑒𝑛 𝑙𝑖𝑏𝑟𝑜𝑠 𝑑𝑒 𝑝𝑎𝑠𝑖𝑣𝑜𝑠 𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙𝑒𝑠
𝑉𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑠
▪ 𝑋5 = .
𝐴𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑜𝑠 𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙𝑒𝑠
 𝐶𝑎𝑝𝑖𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑑𝑒 𝐴𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑜 𝑐𝑖𝑟𝑐𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑡𝑒 𝑃𝑎𝑠𝑖𝑣𝑜 𝑐𝑖𝑟𝑐𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑡𝑒
=( )−( )
𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑏𝑎𝑗𝑜 𝑛𝑒𝑡𝑜 𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙

𝑍 ≤ 1.81
1.81 < 𝑍 < 2.675
𝑍 ≥ 2.675

3.92 > 2.675

𝑍 ∗ = 0.717𝑋1 + 0.847𝑋2 + 3.107𝑋3 + 0.420𝑋4 + 0.998𝑋5

𝑋4
 𝑍 ∗ ≤ 1.21
1.23 < 𝑍 ∗ < 2.90
𝑍 ∗ ≥ 2.90

𝑍∗