THERE IS – THERE ARE = HAY

Cuando nos referimos a una cosa en singular y contable (que la podemos contar) utilizamos ‘there is’, por
ejemplo
There is an apple in the basket. – Hay un manzana en la cesta.
 
También utilizamos ‘there is’ cuando hacemos referencia a objetos incontables, por ejemplo ‘milk’:
There is some milk in the fridge. – Hay algo de leche en el frigorífico
 
Cuando nos referimos a  cosas en plural (más de una) utilizamos ‘there are’, por ejemplo:
There are two dogs in the garden. – Hay dos perros es el jardín
There are five books on the desk. – Hay cinco libros en el escritorio
 

 
EL USO DE THERE IS – THERE ARE EN FRASES NEGATIVAS
Para las frases negativas utilizamos ‘there isn’t’ o ‘there aren’t’ dependiendo si nos referimos a
algo singular, contable o incontable; o plural, por ejemplo:
There isn’t a bus stop near here. – No hay parada de autobús cerca de aquí
There isn’t any cheese in the fridge. – No hay queso en el frigorífico
There aren’t any oranges in the basket – No hay naranjas en la cesta
There aren’t any pens on the table – No hay lapices en la mesa
 

EL USO DE THERE IS – THERE ARE EN FRASES INTERROGATIVAS

 
Cuando queremos preguntar si “hay alguna cosa” cambiamos el orden en la estructura, ponemos el verbo To
Be antes del There:
 
IS THERE…?
ARE THERE…?
Frases de ejemplo:
Is there any milk in the fridge? – ¿Hay leche en el frigorífico?
Is there a supermarket near here? – ¿Hay un supermercado cerca?
Are there any mugs in the cupboard? – ¿Hay tazas en el armario? 
Are there two notebooks in your school bag?  – ¿Hay dos cuadernos en tu mochila?
Para responder utilizamos:

 
Practica con estos ejemplos:
Is there a computer on my desk? Yes, there is. – ¿Hay un ordenador en mi escritorio? Si, si lo hay.
Are there two churches in my village? No, there aren’t – ¿Hay dos iglesias en mi pueblo? No, no las hay.
 

How many en preguntas plurales.

Otra expresión que podemos utilizar para preguntar cuántas cosas hay es ‘How many’, por ejemplo:
How many balloons are there in the box? There is a balloon. – ¿Cuántos globos hay en la caja? Hay un
globo.
How many cars are there in the garage? There are three cars. – ¿Cuántos coches hay en la cochera? Hay
tres coches.

THERE + be = haber
COUNT NOUNS
Present
A bottle is on the table. THERE is a bottle on the table.
Subject complement

THERE = false subject

There are two bottles on the table.

complement

past

There was a bottle on the table

There were two bottles on the table.

NON-COUNT NOUNS

There is water in the bottle.

There was water in the bottle yesterday.

NEGATIVE / INTERROGATIVE FORMS

There isn´t , aren´t, wasn´t, weren´t ……

Is, are, was, were there……?
There + be with COUNT NOUNS

There is an apple. There isn´t an apple.

There isn´t any apple.

There are two bananas. There aren´t two bananas. Only one.
There aren´t any bananas.

There is sugar. There isn´t any sugar

There are 2 kilos of sugar. There aren´t 2 kilos. There is only one.
There is some sugar.(+) There isn´t any sugar.(-)

There are some pears. There aren´t any pears.(-)

Is there any sugar?

Are there any pears?

Some (+)
Any (+) cualquier
(-) ningun
(?) algun

Indefinite pronouns
people objects where
Some Someone something somewhere
(+) somebody
Any Anyone anything anywhere
(-) anybody
No No one nothing Nowhere
(-) nobody

There is a person on the corner.

There is someone /somebody on the corner.

There is an object in the box.

There is something in the box.

There isn´t any person in the living room.

There isn´t anyone/anybody in the living room.

not … anyone/anybody = nobody/no one

There isn´t anyone in the living room.
There is nobody in the living room.

There isn´t anything in the box.

Not…..anything = nothing.

There is nothing in the box.

A:Is there a person/anybody in the room?

B: Yes, there is a person/somebody in the room.
No, there isn´t anybody in the room.
No, there is nobody in the room.
 No, nobody .

A. Is there anything wrong?

B. Yes, there is something.
No, there isn´t anything wrong
No, there is nothing wrong
No, nothing.

Do you need any butter?

Yes, I think so. / Yes, I do
No, I don´t think so.
Do you need some butter?
Yes, please.
No, don´t bother. Thank you.