HORMIGON ARMADO 2

DERBER 1
INTEGRANTES
• NICOLAS NAVARRETE
• LUIGGI DIAZ
• ADAN ESPINOZA
 DEBER 1

Datos
𝑘𝑔𝑓
𝑤𝑇 = 𝑤𝑐𝑣 = 250
𝑚2
𝑙𝑥 = 4𝑚
𝑙𝑦 = 3.5𝑚
𝑘𝑔𝑓
𝑓𝑦 = 4200
𝑐𝑚2
𝑘𝑔𝑓
𝑓¨𝑐 = 240
𝑐𝑚2
𝑐𝑝= 𝑝𝑝

5𝑤𝑥 𝑙𝑥 4 𝑤𝑌 𝑙𝑦 4
ʆ𝑋 = ʆ𝑌 =
384 𝐸𝐼 384 𝐸𝐼

ʆ𝑋 = ʆ𝑌
5𝑤𝑥 𝑙𝑥 4 𝑤𝑌 𝑙𝑦 4
=
384 𝐸𝐼 384 𝐸𝐼
5𝑤𝑥 𝑙𝑥 4 𝑤𝑌 𝑙𝑦 4
=
384 𝐸𝐼 384 𝐸𝐼
5𝑤𝑥 𝑙4 = 𝑤𝑦 𝑙4

Despejar 𝑤𝑥

𝑙𝑦 4
𝑤𝑦 ( )
𝑙𝑥
𝑤𝑥 =
5
3.5𝑚 4
𝑤𝑦 ( )
𝑤𝑥 = 4𝑚
5
𝑤𝑥 = 0.117𝑤𝑦

𝑘𝑔𝑓
𝑤𝑇 = 250 (0.5𝑚)
𝑚2

𝑘𝑔𝑓
𝑤𝑇 = 125
𝑚
𝑤𝑇 = 𝑤𝑥 + 𝑤𝑦

Remplazar 𝑤𝑥 𝑒𝑛 𝑙𝑎 𝑒𝑐𝑢𝑎𝑐𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑑𝑒 𝑤𝑇 𝑦 𝑑𝑒𝑠𝑝𝑒𝑗𝑎𝑟 𝑤𝑦

𝑤𝑇 = 𝑤𝑥 + 𝑤𝑦

𝑘𝑔𝑓
125 = 0.117𝑤𝑦 + 𝑤𝑦
𝑚
𝑘𝑔𝑓
125
𝑤𝑦 = 𝑚
(0.117 + 1)
𝑘𝑔𝑓
125
𝑤𝑦 = 𝑚
(1.117)
𝑘𝑔𝑓
𝑤𝑦 = 111.91
𝑚
Despejar 𝑤𝑦 𝑟𝑒𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑧𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑜 𝑤𝑦
 𝑤𝑇 = 𝑤𝑥 + 𝑤𝑦

𝑘𝑔𝑓 𝑘𝑔𝑓
125 = 𝑤𝑥 + 111.91
𝑚 𝑚
𝑘𝑔𝑓 𝑘𝑔𝑓
𝑤𝑥 = 125 − 111.91
𝑚 𝑚
𝑘𝑔𝑓
𝑤𝑥 = 13.09
𝑚

CORTE EN X
 (+) ∑ 𝑀𝐴 = 0 (+) ∑ 𝑓𝑦 = 0

𝑤𝑥 (4𝑚)(2𝑚) + 𝑅𝑏 (4𝑚) = 0 𝑅𝑎 + 𝑅𝑏 = 𝑤𝑥 (4)

𝑤𝑥 (4𝑚)(2𝑚) + 𝑅𝑏 (4𝑚) = 0 𝑅𝑎 = 𝑤𝑥 (4) − 2 𝑤𝑥
𝑤𝑥 (4)(2)
𝑅𝑏 = 𝑅𝑎 = 2𝑤𝑥
4
𝑅𝑏 = 2 𝑤𝑥
(+) ∑ 𝑓𝑦 = 0 (+) ∑ 𝑀𝑎 = 0

𝑥
−𝑣 − 𝑤𝑥 (𝑥) + 𝑅𝑎 = 0 𝑤𝑥 (𝑥) ( ) − 𝑅𝑎 (𝑥) + 𝑀 = 0
2
𝑥2
𝑣 = −𝑤𝑥 (𝑥) + 𝑅𝑎 𝑀 = 𝑅𝑎 (𝑥) − 𝑤𝑥 ( )
2
𝑥2
𝑣 = −𝑤𝑥 (𝑥) + 2𝑤𝑥 𝑀 = 2 𝑤𝑥 (𝑋) − 𝑤𝑥 ( )
2

𝑣=0 → 𝑥=2
22
𝑀 = 2 𝑤𝑥 (2) − 𝑤𝑥 ( )
2

𝑀 = 2 𝑤𝑥 → 𝑘𝑔𝑓 ∗ 𝑚
Para carga variable

𝑐𝑣 = 2 𝑤𝑥 = 2(13.09 ) = 26.18 𝑘𝑔𝑓 ∗ 𝑚

𝑐𝑣 = 26.18 𝑘𝑔𝑓 ∗ 𝑚

Para carga permanente

𝑐𝑝 = 2 𝑝𝑝 = 2(96 ) = 192 𝑘𝑔𝑓 ∗ 𝑚

 𝑐𝑝 = 192 𝑘𝑔𝑓 ∗ 𝑚
Mayorar cargas

1.4 𝑐𝑝 = 1.4(192 𝑘𝑔𝑓 ∗ 𝑚) = 268.18 𝑘𝑔𝑓 ∗ 𝑚

1.2 𝑐𝑝 + 1.6𝑐𝑣 = 1.2(192 𝑘𝑔𝑓 ∗ 𝑚) + 1.6(26.18 𝑘𝑔𝑓 ∗ 𝑚) = 272.29 𝑘𝑔𝑓 ∗ 𝑚

𝑀𝑢 = 272.29 𝑘𝑔𝑓 ∗ 𝑚
Verificación de altura mecánica

Recubrimiento r=2.5cm

ɸ=0.90

𝑀𝑢
ℎ=√ +𝑟
ɸ(0.85)(𝑓𝑐)(𝑏)(0.189)

100𝑐𝑚
(272.29𝑘𝑔𝑓 ∗ 𝑚) ( )
ℎ=√ 1𝑚 + 2.5𝑐𝑚
𝑘𝑔𝑓
(0.90)(0.85) (240 2 ) (50𝑐𝑚)(0.189)
𝑐𝑚
ℎ = 6.46 𝑐𝑚

ℎ < 20𝑐𝑚 → 𝑜𝑘
Equilibrio

ɸ = 0.90
𝑀𝑢
𝑀𝑛 =
ɸ
272.29 𝑘𝑔𝑓 ∗ 𝑚
𝑀𝑛 =
0.90
𝑀𝑛 = 302.54 𝑘𝑔𝑓 ∗ 𝑚
 𝑀𝑛 ≥ 𝑀𝑢
302.54 𝑘𝑔𝑓 ∗ 𝑚 ≥ 272.29 𝑘𝑔𝑓 ∗ 𝑚 → ok

𝐶=𝑇
(𝐵1 )(𝑓𝑐)(𝑏)(𝑎) = (𝑓𝑦)(𝐴𝑠)
4200(𝐴𝑠)
𝑎=
0.85(𝑓𝑐)(𝑏)

Cálculo de área de acero

𝑘𝑔𝑓
𝐵1 = 0.85→ PARA 𝑓𝑐 ≤ 250
𝑐𝑚2

𝑎 = 𝐵1 (𝑐)
4200(𝐴𝑠)
𝑎=
0.85(𝑓𝑐)(𝑏)
4200(𝐴𝑠)
𝑎=
0.85(240)(50)

𝑎
𝑐=
𝐵1
𝑎
𝑀𝑛 = 4200(𝐴𝑠) (ℎ − 2𝑟 − )
2
272.29 𝑘𝑔𝑓 ∗ 𝑚 100𝑐𝑚 𝑎
∗ = 4200(𝐴𝑠) (ℎ − 2𝑟 − )
0.90 1𝑚 2
4200(𝐴𝑠) 1
30254.44 𝑘𝑔𝑓 ∗ 𝑚 = 4200(𝐴𝑠) (20 − 5 − ∗ )
0.85(240)(50) 2

30254.44 𝑘𝑔𝑓 ∗ 𝑚 = 4200(𝐴𝑠)(15 − 0.21𝐴𝑠)

30254.44 𝑘𝑔𝑓 ∗ 𝑚 = 63000 𝐴𝑠 − 882𝐴𝑠2

−882𝐴𝑠2 + 63000𝐴𝑠 − 30254.44 𝑘𝑔𝑓 ∗ 𝑚 = 0

𝐴𝑠 = 70.95𝑐𝑚2 𝐴𝑠 = 0.48𝑐𝑚2

Área de acero 𝐴𝑠 = 0.48𝑐𝑚2

Área de acero mínimo

14
𝐴𝑠 𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑖𝑚𝑜 = (𝑏)(𝑑)
𝑓𝑦
14
𝐴𝑠 𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑖𝑚𝑜 = (10)(15)
4200
𝐴𝑠 𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑖𝑚𝑜 = 0.5 𝑐𝑚2
Acero calculado

𝜋(1)2
∅10 = = 0.78𝑐𝑚2
4
𝜋(1.2)2
∅12 = = 1.131𝑐𝑚2
4

4200(𝐴𝑠)
𝑎=
0.85(𝑓𝑐)(𝑏)

4200(1.131𝑐𝑚2 )
𝑎=
𝑘𝑔𝑓
0.85 (240 ) (50𝑐𝑚)
𝑐𝑚2
𝑎 = 0.47𝑐𝑚
𝑎
𝑐=
𝐵1
0.47𝑐𝑚
𝑐=
0.85
𝑐 = 0.55𝑐𝑚
Verificación de agrietamiento
𝑀𝑦
𝜎=
𝐼𝑔
𝐹𝑟 𝐼𝑔
𝑀𝑐𝑟 =
𝑦𝑐

𝜆=1

𝐹𝑟 = 2𝜆√𝑓𝑐
 𝑘𝑔𝑓
𝐹𝑟 = 2(1)√240 = 30.98
𝑐𝑚2
𝑌𝑐 ∗ 𝐴𝑡 = (5)(50)(17.5) + (10)(15)(7.5)
(5)(50)(17.5) + (10)(15)(7.5)
𝑌𝑐 =
(5)(50) + (10)(15)

𝑌𝑐 = 13.75𝑐𝑚
Inercia Gruesa

𝑏 ∗ ℎ3
𝐼∎ =
12
(50)(5)3 (1.2)3 (10) (10)(13.75)3
𝐼𝑔 = + (50)(5)(20 − 13.75 − 2.5)2 + +
12 3 3
𝐼𝑔 = 12708.33 𝑐𝑚4
𝑀𝑦
𝜎=
𝐼𝑔
𝐹𝑟 𝐼𝑔
𝑀𝑐𝑟 =
𝑦𝑐
𝑘𝑔𝑓
(30.98 ) (12708.33 𝑐𝑚4 )
𝑐𝑚2
𝑀𝑐𝑟 =
(13.75𝑐𝑚)

𝑀𝑐𝑟 = 28633.02 𝑘𝑔𝑓 ∗ 𝑐𝑚

𝑀𝑐𝑟 = 286.33 𝑘𝑔𝑓 ∗ 𝑚

Momento Actuante sin mayorar

𝑀𝑎𝑐𝑡 = 𝑀𝑐𝑝 + 𝑀𝑐𝑣 = 192 𝑘𝑔𝑓 ∗ 𝑚 + 26.18 𝑘𝑔𝑓 ∗ 𝑚 = 218.18 𝑘𝑔𝑓 ∗ 𝑚

𝑀𝑎𝑐𝑡 = 218.18 𝑘𝑔𝑓 ∗ 𝑚

2
𝑀𝑎𝑐𝑡 < (𝑀𝑐𝑟)
3
2
218.18 𝑘𝑔𝑓 ∗ 𝑚 < (286.33 𝑘𝑔𝑓 ∗ 𝑚)
3
218.18 𝑘𝑔𝑓 ∗ 𝑚 < (190.88 𝑘𝑔𝑓 ∗ 𝑚) → se agrieto

Inercia Agrietada

𝐸𝑠 2.1(10)6
𝑛= = = 8.97
𝐸𝑐 15100√240
(𝑏)(𝑐)3
𝐼𝑐𝑟 = + (𝑛)(𝐴𝑠)(ℎ − 2𝑟 − 𝑐)2
12
(50)(0.55)3
𝐼𝑐𝑟 = + (8.97)(1.13)(20 − 5 − 0.55)2
12
 𝐼𝑐𝑟 = 2119.22𝑐𝑚4
Inercia Efectiva

𝐼𝑐𝑟
𝐼𝑒 =
2
2
∗ 𝑀𝑐𝑟 𝐼𝑐𝑟
1 − (3 ) (1 − )
𝑀𝑎𝑐𝑡 𝐼𝑔
( )
2119.22𝑐𝑚4
𝐼𝑒 =
2
2
∗ 286.33 𝑘𝑔𝑓 ∗ 𝑚 2119.22𝑐𝑚4
1 − (3 ) (1 − )
218.18 𝑘𝑔𝑓 ∗ 𝑚 12708.33 𝑐𝑚4
( )

𝐼𝑒 = 5851.15𝑐𝑚4

𝐼𝑐𝑟 < 𝐼𝑒 < 𝐼𝑔

2119.22𝑐𝑚4 < 5851.15𝑐𝑚4 < 12708.33 𝑐𝑚4 → ok

Deflexión

5(𝑤𝑥 + 𝑝𝑝)
∗ 𝐴𝑡 4
∆𝑖𝑛𝑠 = 100
384 (𝐸𝑠√𝑓𝑐)(𝐼𝑒)

5(96 + 13.09)
∗ 4004
∆𝑖𝑛𝑠 = 100
384 (15100√240)(5851.15)

∆𝑖𝑛𝑠 = 0.27𝑐𝑚
5(𝑤𝑥 (25%) + 𝑝𝑝)
∗ 𝐴𝑡 4
∆𝐷𝑖𝑓 = 100
384 (𝐸𝑠√𝑓𝑐)(𝐼𝑒)

5(96 + (0.25)13.09)
∗ 4004
∆𝐷𝑖𝑓 = 100
384 (15100√240)(5851.15)

∆𝐷𝑖𝑓 = 0.49𝑐𝑚
∆𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 = ∆𝑖𝑛𝑠 + ∆𝐷𝑖𝑓

∆𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 = 0.27𝑐𝑚 + 0.49𝑐𝑚 = 0.76𝑐𝑚

∆𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 = 0.76𝑐𝑚
Deflexión máxima según la AC1-318
𝑙 400
∆𝑚𝑎𝑥 = = = 0.83 𝑐𝑚
480 480
∆𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 < ∆𝑚𝑎𝑥 norma→ ok

Corte
Corte que soporta el hormigón

𝑉𝑐 = 0.75(0.53)√𝑓𝑐 (𝑏)(𝑐)

𝑉𝑐 = 0.75(0.53)√240 (400)

𝑉𝑐 = 2463.21 𝑘𝑔𝑓 = 𝑉𝑛

Para carga variable

𝑉𝑐𝑣 = 2 𝑤𝑥 = 2(13.11 ) = 26.24 𝑘𝑔𝑓

𝑐𝑣 = 26.24 𝑘𝑔𝑓

Para carga permanente

𝑉𝑐𝑝 = 2 𝑝𝑝 = 2(96 ) = 192 𝑘𝑔𝑓

𝑐𝑝 = 192 𝑘𝑔𝑓
Mayorar cargas

1.4 𝑐𝑝 = 1.4(192 𝑘𝑔𝑓) = 268.18 𝑘𝑔𝑓

1.2 𝑐𝑝 + 1.6𝑐𝑣 = 1.2(192 𝑘𝑔𝑓) + 1.6(26.18 𝑘𝑔𝑓) = 272.29 𝑘𝑔𝑓

𝑉𝑢 = 272.29 𝑘𝑔𝑓
𝑉𝑛 > 𝑉𝑢
2463.21 𝑘𝑔𝑓 > 272.29 𝑘𝑔𝑓 Si se verifica

Separación de acero
(50 − 2.5(2))
𝑠= = 15 𝑐𝑚
3
separación mínima 5cm de centro a centro
CORTE EN Y

(+) ∑ 𝑓𝑦 = 0

𝑅𝑎 = 𝑅𝑏 = 𝑤𝑦 (3.5)/2
(−) ∑ 𝑀𝐴 = 0

𝑥
−𝑀 + 𝑅𝑎 (𝑋) − 𝑀𝑎 − 𝑤𝑦 (𝑥) ∗
2
𝑥2
𝑀 = + 𝑅𝑎 (𝑋) − 𝑀𝑎 − 𝑤𝑦 ( )
2

𝑑2 𝑦
𝐸𝐼 =𝑀
𝑑𝑥

𝑑2 𝑦 𝑥2
𝐸𝐼 = 𝑅𝑎 (𝑋) − 𝑀𝑎 − 𝑤𝑦 ( )
𝑑𝑥 2

𝑑𝑦 𝑅𝑎 𝑥 2 𝑤𝑦 (𝑥)3
𝐸𝐼 = − 𝑀𝑎(𝑥) − + 𝑐1
𝑑𝑥 2 6
𝑅𝑎 𝑥 3 𝑥2 𝑤𝑦 (𝑥)4
𝐸𝐼 = − 𝑀𝑎 ( ) − + 𝑐1 + 𝑐2
6 2 24
Tomando la ecuación de la pendiente

X=0

𝑅𝑎 𝑥 2 𝑤𝑦 (𝑥)3
0= − 𝑀𝑎(𝑥) − + 𝑐1
2 6
𝑅𝑎 02 𝑤𝑦 (0)3
0= − 𝑀𝑎(0) − + 𝑐1
2 6
𝑐1 = 0

𝑅𝑎 03 02 𝑤𝑦 (0)4
0= − 𝑀𝑎 ( ) − + 0 + 𝑐2
6 2 24

𝑐2 = 0
X= 3.5

𝑅𝑎 𝑥 2 𝑤𝑦 (𝑥)3
0= − 𝑀𝑎(𝑥) − + 𝑐1
2 6
𝑅𝑎 3.52 𝑤𝑦 (3.5)3
0= − 𝑀𝑎(3.5) − +0
2 6
0 = 6.125𝑅𝑎 − 𝑀𝑎(3.5) − 7.14𝑤𝑦

𝑅𝑎 𝑥 3 3.52 𝑤𝑦 (3.5)4
𝐸𝐼 = − 𝑀𝑎 ( )− + 𝑐1 + 𝑐2
6 2 24

𝑅𝑎 3.53 3.52 𝑤𝑦 (3.5)4

0= − 𝑀𝑎 ( )− +0+0
6 2 24

0 = 7.14𝑅𝑎 − 𝑀𝑎(6.13) − 5.575𝑤𝑦 + 0 + 0

0 = 6.125𝑅𝑎 − 𝑀𝑎(3.5) − 7.14𝑤𝑦

0 = 7.14𝑅𝑎 − 𝑀𝑎(6.13) − 5.575𝑤𝑦

Para carga variable
1 2 1
𝑐𝑣 = 𝑙 𝑤𝑦 = (111.91 𝑘𝑔𝑓/𝑚)(3.5𝑚)2 = 114.24𝑘𝑔𝑓 ∗ 𝑚
12 12
𝑐𝑣 = 114.24𝑘𝑔𝑓 ∗ 𝑚
Para carga permanente
1 2 1
𝑐𝑝 = 𝑙 𝑝𝑝 = (3.5𝑚)2 (96 𝑘𝑔𝑓/𝑚) = 98 𝑘𝑔𝑓 ∗ 𝑚
12 12
𝑐𝑝 = 98 𝑘𝑔𝑓 ∗ 𝑚
Mayorar cargas

1.4 𝑐𝑝 = 1.4(98𝑘𝑔𝑓 ∗ 𝑚) = 137.2 𝑘𝑔𝑓 ∗ 𝑚

1.2 𝑐𝑝 + 1.6𝑐𝑣 = 1.2(98 𝑘𝑔𝑓 ∗ 𝑚) + 1.6(114.24 𝑘𝑔𝑓 ∗ 𝑚) = 300.38 𝑘𝑔𝑓 ∗ 𝑚

𝑀𝑢 = 300.38𝑘𝑔𝑓 ∗ 𝑚

Verificación de altura mecánica

Recubrimiento r=2.5cm

ɸ=0.90

𝑀𝑢
ℎ=√ +𝑟
ɸ(0.85)(𝑓𝑐)(𝑏)(0.189)

100𝑐𝑚
(300.38𝑘𝑔𝑓 ∗ 𝑚) ( )
ℎ=√ 1𝑚 + 2.5𝑐𝑚
𝑘𝑔𝑓
(0.90)(0.85) (240 2 ) (10𝑐𝑚)(0.189)
𝑐𝑚

ℎ = 11.80 𝑐𝑚

ℎ < 20𝑐𝑚 → 𝑜𝑘
Equilibrio

ɸ = 0.90
𝑀𝑢
𝑀𝑛 =
ɸ
300.38𝑘𝑔𝑓 ∗ 𝑚
𝑀𝑛 =
0.90
𝑀𝑛 = 333.76 𝑘𝑔𝑓 ∗ 𝑚
𝑀𝑛 ≥ 𝑀𝑢
333.76 𝑘𝑔𝑓 ∗ 𝑚 ≥ 300.38 𝑘𝑔𝑓 ∗ 𝑚 → ok

𝐶=𝑇
(𝐵1 )(𝑓𝑐)(𝑏)(𝑎) = (𝑓𝑦)(𝐴𝑠)
4200(𝐴𝑠)
𝑎=
0.85(𝑓𝑐)(𝑏)

Cálculo de área de acero

𝑘𝑔𝑓
𝐵1 = 0.85→ PARA 𝑓𝑐 ≤ 250
𝑐𝑚2

𝑎 = 𝐵1 (𝑐)
4200(𝐴𝑠)
𝑎=
0.85(𝑓𝑐)(𝑏)
4200(𝐴𝑠)
𝑎=
0.85(240)(10)

𝑎
𝑐=
𝐵1
𝑎
𝑀𝑛 = 4200(𝐴𝑠) (ℎ − 2𝑟 − )
2
333.76𝑘𝑔𝑓 ∗ 𝑚 100𝑐𝑚 𝑎
∗ = 4200(𝐴𝑠) (ℎ − 2𝑟 − )
0.90 1𝑚 2
4200(𝐴𝑠) 1
333.76 𝑘𝑔𝑓 ∗ 𝑚 = 4200(𝐴𝑠) (15 − ∗ )
0.85(240)(10) 2

33375.56𝑘𝑔𝑓 ∗ 𝑚 = 4200(𝐴𝑠)(15 − 1.029𝐴𝑠)

33375.56 𝑘𝑔𝑓 ∗ 𝑚 = 63000 𝐴𝑠 − 4321.8𝐴𝑠2

63000 𝐴𝑠 − 4321.8𝐴𝑠 2 − 33375.56 𝑘𝑔𝑓 ∗ 𝑚 = 0

 𝐴𝑠 = 14.027𝑐𝑚2 𝐴𝑠 = 0.56𝑐𝑚2

Área de acero 𝐴𝑠 = 0.56𝑐𝑚2

Área de acero mínimo

14
𝐴𝑠 𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑖𝑚𝑜 = (𝑏)(𝑑)
𝑓𝑦
14
𝐴𝑠 𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑖𝑚𝑜 = (10)(17.5)
4200
𝐴𝑠 𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑖𝑚𝑜 = 2.92 𝑐𝑚2
Acero calculado

𝜋(1)2
∅10 = = 0.79𝑐𝑚2
4
𝜋(1.2)2
∅12 = = 1.131𝑐𝑚2
4

4200(𝐴𝑠)
𝑎=
0.85(𝑓𝑐)(𝑏)

4200(1.131𝑐𝑚2 )
𝑎=
𝑘𝑔𝑓
0.85 (240 ) (10𝑐𝑚)
𝑐𝑚2
𝑎 = 2.33𝑐𝑚
𝑎
𝑐=
𝐵1
 2.33𝑐𝑚
𝑐=
0.85
𝑐 = 2.74𝑐𝑚
Verificación de agrietamiento
𝑀𝑦
𝜎=
𝐼𝑔
𝐹𝑟 𝐼𝑔
𝑀𝑐𝑟 =
𝑦𝑐

𝜆=1

𝐹𝑟 = 2𝜆√𝑓𝑐
𝑘𝑔𝑓
𝐹𝑟 = 2(1)√240 = 30.98
𝑐𝑚2
𝑌𝑐 ∗ 𝐴𝑡 = (5)(50)(17.5) + (10)(15)(7.5)
(5)(50)(17.5) + (10)(15)(7.5)
𝑌𝑐 = 20 −
(5)(50) + (10)(15)
𝑌𝑐 = 6.25𝑐𝑚
Inercia Gruesa

𝑏 ∗ ℎ3
𝐼∎ =
12
(50)(5)3 (1.2)3 (10) (10)(13.75)3
𝐼𝑔 = + (50)(5)(20 − 13.75 − 2.5)2 + +
12 3 3
𝐼𝑔 = 12708.33 𝑐𝑚4
𝑀𝑦
𝜎=
𝐼𝑔
 𝐹𝑟 𝐼𝑔
𝑀𝑐𝑟 =
𝑦𝑐
𝑘𝑔𝑓
(30.98 ) (12708.33 𝑐𝑚4 )
𝑐𝑚2
𝑀𝑐𝑟 =
(6.25𝑐𝑚)

𝑀𝑐𝑟 = 62992.65 𝑘𝑔𝑓 ∗ 𝑐𝑚

𝑀𝑐𝑟 = 629.93𝑘𝑔𝑓 ∗ 𝑚

Momento Actuante sin mayorar

𝑀𝑎𝑐𝑡 = 𝑀𝑐𝑝 + 𝑀𝑐𝑣 = 98 𝑘𝑔𝑓 ∗ 𝑚 + 114.24𝑘𝑔𝑓 ∗ 𝑚 = 212.24 𝑘𝑔𝑓 ∗ 𝑚

𝑀𝑎𝑐𝑡 = 212.24 𝑘𝑔𝑓 ∗ 𝑚

2
𝑀𝑎𝑐𝑡 < (𝑀𝑐𝑟)
3
2
212.24 𝑘𝑔𝑓 ∗ 𝑚 < (629.93𝑘𝑔𝑓 ∗ 𝑚)
3
218.18 𝑘𝑔𝑓 ∗ 𝑚 < (419.95 𝑘𝑔𝑓 ∗ 𝑚) → no se agrieta

Como no se agrieta se usa la inercia gruesa como la efectiva

Deflexión
(𝑤𝑥 + 𝑝𝑝) 4
∗𝑙
∆𝑖𝑛𝑠 = 100
384 (𝐸𝑠√𝑓𝑐)(𝐼𝑔)

(96 + 114.91)
∗ 3504
∆𝑖𝑛𝑠 = 100
384 (15100√240)(12708.33)

∆𝑖𝑛𝑠 = 0.027𝑐𝑚
2(𝑤𝑥 (25%) + 𝑝𝑝)
∗ 3504
∆𝐷𝑖𝑓 = 100
384 (𝐸𝑠√𝑓𝑐)(𝐼𝑒)

5(96 + (0.25)111.91)
∗ 3504
∆𝐷𝑖𝑓 = 100
384 (15100√240)(5851.15)

∆𝐷𝑖𝑓 = 0.033𝑚

∆𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 = ∆𝑖𝑛𝑠 + ∆𝐷𝑖𝑓

∆𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 = 0.027𝑐𝑚 + 0.03356𝑐𝑚 = 0.06𝑐𝑚

∆𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 = 0.06𝑐𝑚
Deflexión máxima según la AC1-318
𝑙 350
∆𝑚𝑎𝑥 = = = 0.729 𝑐𝑚
480 480
∆𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 < ∆𝑚𝑎𝑥 norma→ ok

Corte
Corte que soporta el hormigón

𝑉𝑐 = 0.75(0.53)√𝑓𝑐 (𝑏)(𝑐)

𝑉𝑐 = 0.75(0.53)√240 (400)

𝑉𝑐 = 2463.21 𝑘𝑔𝑓 = 𝑉𝑛

Para carga variable

1 1 𝑘𝑔𝑓
𝑐𝑣 = 𝑙 𝑤𝑦 = (111.91 ) (3.5𝑚) = 195.84𝑘𝑔𝑓
2 2 𝑚
𝑐𝑣 = 195.84𝑘𝑔𝑓

Para carga permanente

1 1 𝑘𝑔𝑓
𝑐𝑝 = 𝑙 𝑤𝑦 = (96 ) (3.5𝑚) = 168 𝑘𝑔𝑓
2 2 𝑚
𝑐𝑝 = 168 𝑘𝑔𝑓

Mayorar cargas

1.4 𝑐𝑝 = 1.4(168 𝑘𝑔𝑓) = 235.2 𝑘𝑔𝑓

1.2 𝑐𝑝 + 1.6𝑐𝑣 = 1.2(168 𝑘𝑔𝑓) + 1.6(195.84𝑘𝑔𝑓) = 514.94 𝑘𝑔𝑓 ∗ 𝑚

𝑉𝑢 = 514.94𝑘𝑔𝑓
𝑉𝑛 > 𝑉𝑢
2463.21 𝑘𝑔𝑓 > 514.94𝑘𝑔𝑓 Si se verifica

Separación de acero
 (10 − 2.5(2))
𝑠= = 1.67𝑐𝑚
3
𝑠 = 1.70𝑐𝑚

voladizo

Para carga variable

1 1
𝑐𝑣 = 𝑙2 𝑤𝑦 = (111.91 𝑘𝑔𝑓/𝑚)(0.7𝑚)2 = 27.42 𝑘𝑔𝑓 ∗ 𝑚
2 2
𝑐𝑣 = 27.42𝑘𝑔𝑓 ∗ 𝑚

Para carga permanente

1 2 1
𝑐𝑝 = 𝑙 𝑝𝑝 = (0.70𝑚)2 (96 𝑘𝑔𝑓/𝑚) = 23.52𝑘𝑔𝑓 ∗ 𝑚
2 2
𝑐𝑝 = 23.52 𝑘𝑔𝑓 ∗ 𝑚
Mayorar cargas

1.4 𝑐𝑝 = 1.4(23.52𝑘𝑔𝑓 ∗ 𝑚) = 32.93 𝑘𝑔𝑓 ∗ 𝑚

1.2 𝑐𝑝 + 1.6𝑐𝑣 = 1.2( 23.52𝑘𝑔𝑓 ∗ 𝑚) + 1.6(27.42 𝑘𝑔𝑓 ∗ 𝑚) = 72.08𝑘𝑔𝑓 ∗ 𝑚
𝑀𝑢 = 72.08 𝑘𝑔𝑓 ∗ 𝑚
Verificación de altura mecánica

Recubrimiento r=2.5cm

ɸ=0.90

𝑀𝑢
ℎ=√ +𝑟
ɸ(0.85)(𝑓𝑐)(𝑏)(0.189)

100𝑐𝑚
(72.08𝑘𝑔𝑓 ∗ 𝑚) ( )
ℎ=√ 1𝑚 + 2.5𝑐𝑚
𝑘𝑔𝑓
(0.90)(0.85) (240 ) (5𝑐𝑚)(0.189)
𝑐𝑚2

ℎ = 8.95 𝑐𝑚

ℎ < 20𝑐𝑚 → 𝑜𝑘

Equilibrio

ɸ = 0.90
𝑀𝑢
𝑀𝑛 =
ɸ
72.08 𝑘𝑔𝑓 ∗ 𝑚
𝑀𝑛 =
0.90
𝑀𝑛 = 80.09 𝑘𝑔𝑓 ∗ 𝑚

𝑀𝑛 ≥ 𝑀𝑢
80.09𝑘𝑔𝑓 ∗ 𝑚 ≥ 72.08𝑘𝑔𝑓𝑘𝑔𝑓 ∗ 𝑚 → ok

𝐶=𝑇
(𝐵1 )(𝑓𝑐)(𝑏)(𝑎) = (𝑓𝑦)(𝐴𝑠)
4200(𝐴𝑠)
𝑎=
0.85(𝑓𝑐)(𝑏)

Cálculo de área de acero

𝑘𝑔𝑓
𝐵1 = 0.85→ PARA 𝑓𝑐 ≤ 250
𝑐𝑚2
 𝑎 = 𝐵1 (𝑐)
4200(𝐴𝑠)
𝑎=
0.85(𝑓𝑐)(𝑏)
4200(𝐴𝑠)
𝑎=
0.85(240)(5)

𝑎
𝑐=
𝐵1
𝑎
𝑀𝑛 = 4200(𝐴𝑠) (ℎ − 2𝑟 − )
2
72.08 𝑘𝑔𝑓 ∗ 𝑚 100𝑐𝑚 𝑎
∗ = 4200(𝐴𝑠) (ℎ − 2𝑟 − )
0.90 1𝑚 2
4200(𝐴𝑠) 1
8008.89 𝑘𝑔𝑓 ∗ 𝑚 = 4200(𝐴𝑠) (15 − ∗ )
0.85(240)(5) 2

8008.89𝑘𝑔𝑓 ∗ 𝑚 = 4200(𝐴𝑠)(15 − 2.06 𝐴𝑠)

8008.89 𝑘𝑔𝑓 ∗ 𝑚 = 63000 𝐴𝑠 − 8652 𝐴𝑠2

63000 𝐴𝑠 − 8652𝐴𝑠 2 − 8008.89 𝑘𝑔𝑓 ∗ 𝑚 = 0

𝐴𝑠 = 7.15 𝑐𝑚2 𝐴𝑠 = 0.129𝑐𝑚2

Área de acero 𝐴𝑠 = 0.129𝑐𝑚2

Área de acero mínimo

14
𝐴𝑠 𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑖𝑚𝑜 = (𝑏)(𝑑)
𝑓𝑦
14
𝐴𝑠 𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑖𝑚𝑜 = (70)(17.5)
4200
𝐴𝑠 𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑖𝑚𝑜 = 4.08 𝑐𝑚2

Acero calculado

𝜋(1)2
∅10 = = 0.79𝑐𝑚2
4
𝜋(1.2)2
∅12 = = 1.131𝑐𝑚2
4

4200(𝐴𝑠)
𝑎=
0.85(𝑓𝑐)(𝑏)
 4200(1.131𝑐𝑚2 )
𝑎=
𝑘𝑔𝑓
0.85 (240 2 ) (5𝑐𝑚)
𝑐𝑚
𝑎 = 4.65 𝑐𝑚
𝑎
𝑐=
𝐵1
4.65 𝑐𝑚
𝑐=
0.85
𝑐 = 5.47𝑐𝑚
Verificación de agrietamiento
𝑀𝑦
𝜎=
𝐼𝑔
𝐹𝑟 𝐼𝑔
𝑀𝑐𝑟 =
𝑦𝑐

𝜆=1

𝐹𝑟 = 2𝜆√𝑓𝑐
𝑘𝑔𝑓
𝐹𝑟 = 2(1)√240 = 30.98
𝑐𝑚2
𝑌𝑐 ∗ 𝐴𝑡 = (5)(15)(7.5) + (70)(5)(2.5)
(5)(15)(7.5) + (70)(5)(2.5)
𝑌𝑐 = 20 −
(5)(15) + (70)(5)
 𝑌𝑐 = 16.62𝑐𝑚
Inercia Gruesa

𝑏 ∗ ℎ3
𝐼∎ =
12
(70)(5)3 (1.2)3 (5) (5)(16.62)3
𝐼𝑔 = + (70)(5)(20 − 16.62 − 2.5)2 + +
12 3 3
𝐼𝑔 = 8654.50 𝑐𝑚4
𝑀𝑦
𝜎=
𝐼𝑔
𝐹𝑟 𝐼𝑔
𝑀𝑐𝑟 =
𝑦𝑐
𝑘𝑔𝑓
(30.98 ) (8654.50 𝑐𝑚4 )
𝑐𝑚2
𝑀𝑐𝑟 =
(16.62𝑐𝑚)

𝑀𝑐𝑟 = 16132.15 𝑘𝑔𝑓 ∗ 𝑐𝑚

𝑀𝑐𝑟 = 16132.15𝑘𝑔𝑓 ∗ 𝑚

Momento Actuante sin mayorar

𝑀𝑎𝑐𝑡 = 𝑀𝑐𝑝 + 𝑀𝑐𝑣 = 23.52𝑘𝑔𝑓 ∗ 𝑚 + 27.42 𝑘𝑔𝑓 ∗ 𝑚 = 50.94 𝑘𝑔𝑓 ∗ 𝑚

𝑀𝑎𝑐𝑡 = 50.94 𝑘𝑔𝑓 ∗ 𝑚

2
𝑀𝑎𝑐𝑡 < (𝑀𝑐𝑟)
3
2
212.24 𝑘𝑔𝑓 ∗ 𝑚 < (16132.15 𝑘𝑔𝑓 ∗ 𝑚)
3
218.18 𝑘𝑔𝑓 ∗ 𝑚 < (10754.77 𝑘𝑔𝑓 ∗ 𝑚) → no se agrieta

Como no se agrieta se usa la inercia gruesa como la efectiva

Deflexión
(𝑤𝑥 + 𝑝𝑝) 4
∗𝑙
∆𝑖𝑛𝑠 = 100
384 (𝐸𝑠√𝑓𝑐)(𝐼𝑔)

(23.52 + 27.42)
∗ 704
∆𝑖𝑛𝑠 = 100
384 (15100√240)(8654.50)

∆𝑖𝑛𝑠 = 1.57 ∗ 10−5 𝑐𝑚

 2(𝑤𝑥 (25%) + 𝑝𝑝)
∗ 704
∆𝐷𝑖𝑓 = 100
384 (𝐸𝑠√𝑓𝑐)(𝐼𝑒)

5(23.52 + 0.25 ∗ 27.42)

∗ 704
∆𝐷𝑖𝑓 = 100
384 (15100√240)(8654.50)

∆𝐷𝑖𝑓 = 4.69 ∗ 10−5 𝑐𝑚

∆𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 = ∆𝑖𝑛𝑠 + ∆𝐷𝑖𝑓

∆𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 = 1.57 ∗ 10−5 𝑐𝑚 + 4.69 ∗ 10−5 𝑐𝑚 = 6.26 ∗ 10−5 𝑐𝑚

∆𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 = 6.26 ∗ 10−5 𝑐𝑚

Deflexión máxima según la AC1-318
𝑙 350
∆𝑚𝑎𝑥 = = = 0.729 𝑐𝑚
480 480
∆𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 < ∆𝑚𝑎𝑥 norma→ ok

Corte
Corte que soporta el hormigón

𝑉𝑐 = 0.75(0.53)√𝑓𝑐 (𝑏)(𝑐)

𝑉𝑐 = 0.75(0.53)√240 (425)
𝑉𝑐 = 2617.17 𝑘𝑔𝑓 = 𝑉𝑛

Para carga variable

𝑐𝑣 = 𝑙 𝑤𝑦 = (111.91 𝑘𝑔𝑓/𝑚) 0.70𝑚 = 78.34 𝑘𝑔𝑓

𝑐𝑣 = 78.34 𝑘𝑔𝑓 ∗ 𝑚

Para carga permanente

𝑐𝑝 = 𝑙 𝑝𝑝 = 0.70𝑚 (96 𝑘𝑔𝑓/𝑚) = 67.2 𝑘𝑔𝑓

𝑐𝑝 = 67.2 𝑘𝑔𝑓 ∗ 𝑚
Mayorar cargas

1.4 𝑐𝑝 = 1.4(67.2𝑘𝑔𝑓 ∗ 𝑚) = 94.08 𝑘𝑔𝑓

1.2 𝑐𝑝 + 1.6𝑐𝑣 = 1.2( 67.2𝑘𝑔𝑓) + 1.6(78.34 𝑘𝑔𝑓) = 205.98 𝑘𝑔𝑓

𝑀𝑢 = 205.98 𝑘𝑔𝑓

𝑉𝑛 > 𝑉𝑢
2617.17 𝑘𝑔𝑓 > 205.98 𝑘𝑔𝑓