INSTITUTO POLITÉCNICO NACIONAL

ESCUELA NACIONAL DE CIENCIAS BIOLÓGICAS

C=28 g
𝐶
𝑋𝑠𝑠 = 0.125
𝐶
𝑋𝑎𝑔𝑢𝑎 = 0.875
A=100 g
𝐴 B=100 g D=72 g
𝑋𝑠𝑠 = 0.125 𝐵 𝐷
𝐴 𝑋𝑠𝑠 = 0.125 𝑋𝑠𝑠 = 0.125
𝑋𝑎𝑔𝑢𝑎 = 0.875 𝐷
𝐵
𝑋𝑎𝑔𝑢𝑎 = 0.875 𝑋𝑎𝑔𝑢𝑎 = 0.875
LAVADO PICADO

J=59 g
𝐽 E=12 g
𝑋𝑠𝑠 =0 𝐸
𝑋𝑠𝑠 =0
𝐽
𝑋𝑎𝑔𝑢𝑎 = 1 𝐸
𝑋𝑎𝑔𝑢𝑎 = 1
CALENTAMIENTO MEZCLADO ALMACENAMIENTO
H=823 g
F=1000 g 𝐻
𝑋𝑠𝑠 =0 K=887 g
𝐹 L=947g
𝑋𝑠𝑠 =0 𝐻
𝑋𝑎𝑔𝑢𝑎 = 1 𝐾
𝑋𝑠𝑠 = 0.138 𝐿
𝐹 𝑋𝑠𝑠 = 0.1393
𝑋𝑎𝑔𝑢𝑎 01 𝐾
𝑋𝑎𝑔𝑢𝑎 = 0.861 𝐿
𝑋𝑎𝑔𝑢𝑎 = 0.8606
G=177 g
𝐺
I=123 g
𝑋𝑠𝑠 =0 𝐼 REFRIGERACIÓN
𝐺
𝑋𝑠𝑠 =1
𝑋𝑎𝑔𝑢𝑎 = 1 𝐼
𝑋𝑎𝑔𝑢𝑎 = 0
M=28 g
𝑀
𝑋𝑠𝑠 =0
𝑀
𝑋𝑎𝑔𝑢𝑎 = 1
N=919 g
𝑁
𝑋𝑠𝑠 = 0.1436
𝑁
𝑋𝑎𝑔𝑢𝑎 = 0.8563
 INSTITUTO POLITÉCNICO NACIONAL
ESCUELA NACIONAL DE CIENCIAS BIOLÓGICAS

Material Peso (g) % solidos solubles

Agua 1000 0
Fruta 100 12.5
Sobre de gelatina 123 100
Molde vacío 195 -
Molde+ gelatina fría+ fruta 1114 11.84
Gelatina terminada 919 14.36

BGM (E=S)
A+F+I=C+G+J+E+M+N
100+1000+123=28+177+59+12+28+919
1223=1223
BPM SOLIDOS SOLUBLES (SS)
𝐴 𝐼 𝐶 𝑁
𝐴𝑋𝑆𝑆 + 𝐼𝑋𝑆𝑆 = 𝐶𝑋𝑆𝑆 + 𝑁𝑋𝑆𝑆
𝑔 𝑠𝑠 𝑔 𝑠𝑠 𝑔 𝑠𝑠
(100 𝑔 𝐴)(0.125 𝑔 𝐴 ) + (123 𝑔 𝐼)(1 ) = (28 𝑔 𝐶)(0.125 𝑔 𝐶 ) +
𝑔𝐼
𝑔 𝑠𝑠
(919 𝑔 𝑁)(0.1436 𝑔 𝑁 )

(12.5 + 123) 𝑔 𝑠𝑠 = (3.5 + 131.9684) 𝑔 𝑠𝑠

135.5 𝑔 𝑠𝑠 = 135.5 𝑔 𝑠𝑠
BPM AGUA
𝐴 𝐹 𝐶 𝐸 𝐺 𝐽 𝑀 𝑁
𝐴𝑋𝑎𝑔𝑢𝑎 + 𝐹𝑋𝑎𝑔𝑢𝑎 = 𝐶𝑋𝑎𝑔𝑢𝑎 + 𝐸𝑋𝑎𝑔𝑢𝑎 + 𝐺𝑋𝑎𝑔𝑢𝑎 + 𝐽𝑋𝑎𝑔𝑢𝑎 + 𝑀𝑋𝑎𝑔𝑢𝑎 + 𝑁𝑋𝑎𝑔𝑢𝑎
𝑔 𝑎𝑔𝑢𝑎 𝑔 𝑎𝑔𝑢𝑎 𝑔 𝑎𝑔𝑢𝑎
(100 𝑔 𝐴) (0.875 ) + (1000 𝑔 𝐹) (1 ) = (28 𝑔 𝐶) (0.875 )+
𝑔𝐴 𝑔𝐹 𝑔𝐶
𝑔 𝑎𝑔𝑢𝑎 𝑔 𝑎𝑔𝑢𝑎 𝑔 𝑎𝑔𝑢𝑎 𝑔 𝑎𝑔𝑢𝑎
(12 𝑔 𝐸) (1 ) + (177 𝑔 𝐺) (1 ) + (59 𝑔 𝐽) (1 ) + (28 𝑔 𝑀)(1 )+
𝑔𝐸 𝑔𝐺 𝑔𝐽 𝑔𝑀
𝑔 𝑎𝑔𝑢𝑎
(919 𝑔 𝑁)(0.8563 )
𝑔𝑁

(87.5 + 1000)𝑔 𝑎𝑔𝑢𝑎 = (24.5 + 12 + 177 + 59 + 28 + 786.9397)𝑔 𝑎𝑔𝑢𝑎

1087.5 𝑔 𝑎𝑔𝑢𝑎 = 1087.5 𝑔 𝑎𝑔𝑢𝑎
 INSTITUTO POLITÉCNICO NACIONAL
ESCUELA NACIONAL DE CIENCIAS BIOLÓGICAS

Diagrama de bloques para cada operación unitaria

CALENTAMIENTO
F=1000 g H=823 g
𝐹 𝐻
𝑋𝑠𝑠 =0 𝑋𝑠𝑠 =0
𝐹 𝐻
𝑋𝑎𝑔𝑢𝑎 01 𝑋𝑎𝑔𝑢𝑎 = 1
G=177 g
𝐺
𝑋𝑠𝑠 =0
𝐺
𝑋𝑎𝑔𝑢𝑎 = 1

BTM (E=S)
F=G+H 1000=177+823 1000=1000
BPM Agua
𝐹 𝐺 𝐻
𝐹𝑋𝑎𝑔𝑢𝑎 = 𝐺𝑋𝑎𝑔𝑢𝑎 + 𝐻𝑋𝑎𝑔𝑢𝑎
𝑔 𝑎𝑔𝑢𝑎 𝑔 𝑎𝑔𝑢𝑎 𝑔 𝑎𝑔𝑢𝑎
(1000𝑔 𝐹) (1 ) = (177𝑔 𝐺) (1 ) + (823𝑔 𝐻) (1 )
𝑔𝐹 𝑔𝐺 𝑔𝐻

1000 g agua=1000 g agua

J=59 g
𝐽
𝑋𝑠𝑠 =0
𝐽
𝑋𝑎𝑔𝑢𝑎 = 1

H=823 g MEZCLADO K=887 g

𝐻 𝐾
𝑋𝑠𝑠 =0 𝑋𝑠𝑠 = 0.138
𝐻 𝐾
𝑋𝑎𝑔𝑢𝑎 = 1 𝑋𝑎𝑔𝑢𝑎 = 0.861
I=123 g
𝐼
𝑋𝑠𝑠 =1
𝐼
𝑋𝑎𝑔𝑢𝑎 = 0

BTM (E=S)
H+I=J+K 823+123=59+887 946=946
BPM Agua
𝐻 𝐼 𝐽 𝐾
𝐻𝑋𝑎𝑔𝑢𝑎 + 𝐼𝑋𝑎𝑔𝑢𝑎 = 𝐽𝑋𝑎𝑔𝑢𝑎 + 𝐾𝑋𝑎𝑔𝑢𝑎
𝑔 𝑎𝑔𝑢𝑎 𝑔 𝑎𝑔𝑢𝑎 𝑔 𝑎𝑔𝑢𝑎 𝐾
(823 𝑔 𝐻) (1 ) + (123 𝑔 𝐼)(0 ) = (59 𝑔 𝐽) (1 ) + (887 𝑔 𝐾)𝑋𝑎𝑔𝑢𝑎
𝑔𝐻 𝑔𝐼 𝑔𝐽
 INSTITUTO POLITÉCNICO NACIONAL
ESCUELA NACIONAL DE CIENCIAS BIOLÓGICAS
(823−59)𝑔 𝑎𝑔𝑢𝑎 𝐾 𝐾 𝑔 𝑎𝑔𝑢𝑎
= 𝑋𝑎𝑔𝑢𝑎 𝑋𝑎𝑔𝑢𝑎 = 0.8613
887 𝑔 𝐾 𝑔𝐾

BPM Solidos solubles

𝐻 𝐼 𝐽 𝐾
𝐻𝑋𝑆𝑆 + 𝐼𝑋𝑆𝑆 = 𝐽𝑋𝑆𝑆 + 𝐾𝑋𝑆𝑆
𝑔 𝑠𝑠 𝑔 𝑠𝑠 𝑔 𝑠𝑠 𝐾
(823 𝑔 𝐻) (0 ) + (123 𝑔 𝐼) (1 ) = (59 𝑔 𝐽) (0 ) + (887 𝑔 𝐾)𝑋𝑠𝑠
𝑔𝐻 𝑔𝐼 𝑔𝐽

123 𝑔 𝑠𝑠 𝐾 𝐾 𝑔 𝑠𝑠
= 𝑋𝑠𝑠 𝑋𝑠𝑠 = 1386 𝑔 𝐾
887 𝑔 𝐾

L=947g
𝐿
𝑋𝑠𝑠 = 0.1393
𝐿
𝑋𝑎𝑔𝑢𝑎 = 0.8606

REFRIGERACIÓN M=28 g
𝑀
𝑋𝑠𝑠 =0
𝑀
𝑋𝑎𝑔𝑢𝑎 = 1

N=919 g
𝑁
𝑋𝑠𝑠 = 0.1436
𝑁
𝑋𝑎𝑔𝑢𝑎 = 0.8563
BTM (E=S)
L=M+N 947=28+919 947=947
BPM Solidos solubles
𝐿 𝑁
𝐿𝑋𝑆𝑆 = 𝑁𝑋𝑆𝑆
𝑔 𝑠𝑠 𝑁
(947 𝑔 𝐿) (0.1393 ) = (919 𝑔 𝑁)𝑋𝑠𝑠
𝑔𝐿

131.9171 𝑔 𝑠𝑠 𝑁 𝑁 𝑔 𝑠𝑠
= 𝑋𝑠𝑠 𝑋𝑠𝑠 = 0.1436 𝑔 𝑁
919 𝑔 𝑁

BPM Agua
𝐿 𝑀 𝑁
𝐿𝑋𝑎𝑔𝑢𝑎 = 𝑀𝑋𝑎𝑔𝑢𝑎 + 𝑁𝑋𝑎𝑔𝑢𝑎
𝑔 𝑎𝑔𝑢𝑎 𝑁 𝑔 𝑎𝑔𝑢𝑎
(947 𝑔 𝐿) (0.8606 ) = (919 𝑔 𝑁)(𝑋𝑎𝑔𝑢𝑎 ) + (28 𝑔 𝑀)(1 )
𝑔𝐿 𝑔𝑀

(814.9882−28)𝑔 𝑎𝑔𝑢𝑎 𝑁 𝑁 𝑔 𝑎𝑔𝑢𝑎

= 𝑋𝑎𝑔𝑢𝑎 𝑋𝑎𝑔𝑢𝑎 = 0.8563
919 𝑔 𝑁 𝑔𝑁