TP #3

*COMPARATIVE ADJECTIVES
Cuando hablamos de dos cosas, las comparamos. Podemos ver si son iguales o diferentes.
Hay dos maneras de formar los adjetivos comparativos
 short adjectives: agregamos "-er" al adjetivo.
 long adjectives: usamos "more" delante del adjetivo.
También podemos agregar 'than' (que) a continuación del adjetivo.

Short adjectives
 1-syllable adjectives ------------ old, fast
 2-syllable adjectives que terminan en –y ------------ happy, easy
Normal rule: agregamos "-er"-----------old > older

Variación: si el adjetivo termina en -e, sólo agregamos –r ----------- late > later
Variation: si el adjetivo termina en consonante + vocal + consonante, hacemos doble la última consonante
Big > bigger
Variación: si el adjetivo termina en -y, cambiamos la y por i ------------ happy > happier

Long adjectives
 2-syllable adjectives que no terminan en –y ------------ modern, pleasant
 all adjectives of 3 or more syllables ------------ expensive, intellectual
Normal rule: usamos "more" -----------modern > more modern
expensive > more expensive.
Exception
Los siguientes ejemplos tienen una forma irregular :
Good > better --------- Bad > worse ----------- Far >farther

*SUPERLATIVE ADJECTIVES
Usamos la forma superlativa para describir una cualidad extrema de una cosa en un grupo de cosas.
Hay dos maneras de formar los adjetivos superlativos
 short adjectives: agregamos "-est" al adjetivo.
 long adjectives: usamos "the most" delante del adjetivo.
''The' (el, la, los, las) siempre va antes del adjetivo.

Short adjectives
1-syllable adjectives
2-syllable adjectives que terminan en –y
Normal rule: agregamos "-est" -----------old, fast
old > the oldest
Variación: si el adjetivo termina en -e, sólo agregamos–st -----------late > the latest
Variación: si el adjetivo termina en consonante + vocal + consonante, hacemos doble la última consonante
big > the biggest
Variación: si el adjetivo termina en –y, cambiamos la y por i -----------happy > the happiest

Long adjectives
2-syllable adjectives que no terminan en –y -----------modern, pleasant
all adjectives of 3 or more syllables ------------ expensive, intellectual
Normal rule: usamos "the most"-----------modern > the most modern
expensive > the most expensive
Exception
Los siguientes ejemplos tienen una forma irregular :
:
Good > the best--------- Bad > the worst ----------- Far > the farthest
 CALORIES

The number of calories you need to eat each day depends on several factors, including your age, size, height,
sex, lifestyle, and general health.
As an example, a physically active 6ft 2in male, aged 22 years, requires considerably more calories than a 5ft
2ins sedentary woman in her 70s.
It has been discovered that factors such as how you eat your food can influence how many calories get into
your system. Here are the most important key points about daily calorie intake.
 Recommended calorie intake depends on factors such as age, size, height, sex, lifestyle and general
health.
 The longer you chew your food, the more calories your body retains.
 Recommended daily calorie intakes in the US are 2,700 for men and 2,200 for women.
 Eating a big breakfast is the best you can do for weight reduction and maintenance.
 When food is eaten may matter as much as what and how many calories are eaten.
 Average calorie consumption in industrialized nations and a growing number of emerging economies
is higher than it used to be.
 Approximately 20% of the energy used in the human body is for brain metabolism.
 Ideal body weight depends on several factors including age, bone density and muscle-fat ratio.
 The types of food that calories are acquired from are highly important in terms of nutrition.
 A 500-calorie meal consisting of fruits and vegetables is much more important for your health and
will keep you from being hungry for longer than a 500-calorie snack of popcorn.

Recommended daily calorie intakes vary across the world. According to the National Health Service (NHS),
UK, the average male adult needs approximately 2,500 calories per day to keep his weight constant, while the
average adult female needs 2,000. US authorities recommend 2,700 calories per day for men and 2,200 for
women.

The NHS stresses that rather than precisely counting numbers (calories), people should focus more on eating a
healthy and well balanced diet, being physically active, and balancing how many calories are consumed with
the numbers burnt off each day. If you eat your five portions of fruit and vegetable per day, you will probably
live longer, Swedish researchers reported in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition (July 2013).

A. Read the text and answer the following questions.

1) What does the number of calories you need to eat each day depend on?
2) Can eating a big breakfast help you to lose weight?
3) According to the NHS, how many calories does an average adult woman need per day?
4) Will you live longer if you eat only one portion of fruit or vegetables?
 1- The number of calories you need to eat each day depends on several factors, including your
age, size, height, sex, lifestyle, and general health.

2- Yes, it can. Eating a big breakfast is the best you can do for weight reduction and
maintenance.
3- According to the National Health Service (NHS), an average adult woman needs 2,000
calories per day.
4- No, you won’t. If you eat five portions of fruit and vegetable per day, you will probably eat
longer.

B. Read the text and find examples of

1) One short comparative adjective: longer
2) One long comparative adjective: more important
3) One long superlative adjective: the most important
4) One irregular superlative adjective: the best

C. Complete the table with the missing adjectives and their corresponding forms.

ADJECTIVE COMPARATIVE FORM SUPERLATIVE FORM

good better The best
bad worse The worst
far farther the farthest
interesting More interesting The most interesting
big bigger The biggest
friendly friendlier the friendliest
surprising More surprising The most surprising

D. Write only the list of points about calorie intake in your own language.

- El consumo diario de calorias recomendable depende de factores tales como la edad, tamano,
altura, sexo, estilo de vida y salud general.

- Mientras mas se mastique la comida, mas calorias retendra el cuerpo.

-El consumo de calorias recomendable en los Estados Unidos es de 2.700 para los hombres y de
2.200 para las mujeres.
- Lo mejor que se puede hacer para la reduccion y el mantenimiento del peso es comer un gran
desayuno.

-Los horarios de la alimentacion son tan importantes como el tipo de alimentacion y la cantidad de
calorias que se consume.

- El promedio del consumo calorico, tanto en paises industrializados como en lugares donde la
economia ha crecido, es mayor de lo que solia ser.

-Aproximadamente el 20% de la energia que usa el cuerpo humanp es para el metabolismo del
cerebro.

-El peso ideal depende de varios factores tales como edad, densidad osea y la proporcion de masa
muscular.

-El tipo de comidas de donde se obtienen las calorias es de mucha importancia en terminos
nutritivos.

-Una comida a base de frutas y vegetales de un total de 500 calorias es mucho mas importante para
tu salud y te mantendra mas tiempo satisfecho que un snack de pochoclos.